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Copyright of Journal of Psychology & Sociology is the property of Al-Farabi Kazakh National University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper is an initial attempt to evaluate the challenges of promoting a new national language as a medium of instruction (MOI) in a post-socialist higher education (HE) context. In the case of Kazakhstan, the choice of MOI is perceived as a key tool to strengthen national identity and resist domination of Russian; in higher education sector language policies are constructed to foster cultural independence which translates into establishing Kazakh as a full-fledged medium of academia. Drawing on the historical-structural approach (Tollefson, 1991, 2013), we analyze the ideologies and practices of university students studying in Kazakh. Findings from audio-recorded interviews suggest that implementing Kazakh-medium instruction policies face numerous pragmatic and ideological challenges, such as a dearth of teaching and learning resources in Kazakh and lack of Kazakh-speaking faculty. This study contributes to scholarship on language revitalization in the context of tertiary education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Currently, climate change has several negative impacts on the worldwide environment. One of them is land sliding due to rainfall precipitation. Commonly, mountainous areas have a high possibility of having such consequences. Unsaturated soil characterization is presented in this paper to demonstrate that the shifting of ground occurs at the surfaces of any slopes. The paper presents the simulation analysis on clayey soil slopes under extreme rainfall in Kazakhstan. The different slope heights and angles are selected to perform seepage and stability analysis in GeoStudio software. The results show that the slope is prone to failure due to the lower safety factor. It means the driving force is increasing during rainfall due to the increase in pore water pressures. As a result, the shear strength of the soil decrease. According to the results of the seepage analysis, the pore-water pressure has increased to almost 80 kPa at the mid-slope for each simulation. It leads to a decrease in suction and shear strength. The change of a factor of safety for the gentlest slope with 27 degrees angle is the lowest for 10 m slope height and the highest for 30 m slope height, whereas the change of safety factor for a slope with 45 degrees angle (9%) is almost the same for all slope heights. In other words, the factor of safety tends to reduce in all simulation cases, which confirms the loss of strength of soil due to a large amount of infiltration into the ground. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Stakeholder engagement in the dual education system is one of the key factors in developing a sustainable educational system. In this study, the authors aim to explore the role and responsibilities of the key stakeholders and the level of their engagement in the dual education system. The authors aim to contribute to stakeholder engagement in dual education by identifying, assessing, and prioritizing project stakeholders' interests and influence on the education system. The paper used a case study approach and conducted semi-structured interviews with representatives of vocational schools in Kazakhstan. The case study was conducted by comparing the results of the project stakeholder analysis in the dual education systems of Germany and the United States to Kazakhstan. The semi-structured interviews were conducted with 15 experienced educators from different vocational schools in Kazakhstan. The author's analysis reveals that significant changes are necessary to the legislation in Kazakhstan to improve the dual education system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Republic of Kazakhstan aims at improving food security by increasing self sufficiency in food. However, present developments in population growths, climate change and related issues pose a challenge the country has to deal with. This requires new and different initiatives for improving agricultural production and the competitiveness of its enterprises which would facilitate investments and attract external investment interests. The paper outlines the challenges and provides suggestions on how policy could contribute to arriving at self sufficiency in food, assuring long-term food security. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper explores the internet resources used by Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan universities students for English learning. Use of Internet resources in learning English became one of the relevant topics nowadays. As theoretical methods generalization, analysis and a questionnaire as an empirical method have been used in the study. Based on the empirical data the authors tried to identify which internet resources students of both countries use in their learning English and their influence for successful learning. Moreover, the study revealed the factors that impact and restrict students to use internet resources in learning English. The authors believe that teachers should direct, encourage their students to use internet resources for learning and incorporate the materials from different resources into English classes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article deals with the issues related to the crisis of traditional Muslim education in the Kazakh steppe in the late 19th and early 20th centuries and attempts to modernize it by the Russian authorities and Muslim intellectuals, which resulted the opening of Russian-Kazakh and new method schools. On the basis of archival documents, studies and testimonies of direct participants in the processes under study, as well as authors of later periods, the features of reforming the education system in the Kazakh steppe have been studied. When considering processes and phenomena, the literature of various historical periods was used, which contributes, both to the utmost detail of the processes and phenomena under consideration, and to the abstraction and generalization required in certain cases, using the advantages of a certain chronological remoteness. The paper considers the school programs of both new educational institutions and old ones (mektebs and madrasas), attention is paid to the peculiarities of each type of school and the processes of modernization, adaptation to the situation on the ground. The issues under study are considered in the context of the processes of modernization within the Russian Empire itself, the development of the newly attached territories of the Kazakh steppe and their further integration into the all-Russian agenda, significant socio-economic transformations in the state. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Bylye Gody is the property of Cherkas Global University Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Bulletin of Ablai Khan KazUIRandWL: Series 'Pedagogical Sciences' is the property of Kazakh Ablai Khan University of International Relations & World Languages and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The proliferation of the Internet, as well as its utilization as a marketing tool, has led to a shift in traditional distribution channels from street-side stores to e-commerce. It is, therefore, essential to conduct in-depth research regarding the scope of e-commerce usage in order to develop a more efficient marketing strategy for retail entities. This paper aims to explore the parameters for a culture-driven marketing strategy in Kazakhstan, a country that is characterized by a high uncertainty avoidance culture. A qualitative data collection (n=250) for cross-sectional analysis of retail enterprises in Kazakhstan was conducted to identify cultural differences that may affect customers' perception of marketing and logistics. This survey was divided into four main categories and the results of trust-based marketing strategies were analyzed through multiple regressions, t-tests and 95% confidence interval for p-value estimations. The findings revealed the lack of interest in the transparency level of the grocery retailers, as well as an inclination towards cash-ondelivery methods in risk aversive cultures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Central Asian Economic Review is the property of Narxoz University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Analysis of historical data on the distribution of Hedysarum theinum Krasnob. in Kazakhstan presented in this paper is based on herbarium collections kept at the Institute of Botany and Phytointroduction, Almaty and the Digital Herbarium of Moscow State University, Moscow, as well as a list of species of Hedysarum theinum on the Ivanovsky Ridge, Kazakhstani Altai with specimens collected as a result of expedition trips to the study area. The cenoflora includes 176 species from 120 genera and 41 families. The hierarchical order of the leading families is as follows: Asteraceae Dumort, Poaceae Barnhart, Ranunculaceae Juss., Rosaceae Juss. Comparative analysis of life forms shows that short rhizomatous plants prevail – 33%, taproot plants – 24% and tussock plants – 11%. The basis of communities in relation to temperature, moisture and substrate structure are the following ecological groups of plants: mesophytes – 30%, in a smaller proportion are mesohygrophytes – 19%, mesoxerophytes – 20% and mesopsychrophytes – 18%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Educational Sciences (2520-2634) is the property of Al-Farabi Kazakh National University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Strategic & Social Research is the property of Mehmet Akif Ersoy University, Social Science Institute and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Global integration of domestic and foreign manufacturers has led to an increase in the use of foreign equipment in the domestic industry of the Republic of Kazakhstan (RK). In this regard, new materials with different chemical compositions and mechanical properties are used increasingly in production. When machining such materials, difficulties associated with the choice of cutting modes, tooling, and technological equipment will appear due to the lack of appropriate recommendations in the available reference and technical sources and normative documents. One such material is HARDOX steel. This paper presents the results of experimental studies of the machinability of HARDOX steel and computer simulation of the thermal friction cutting process. By means of computer modelling, the information on temperature distribution in the "toolworkpiece" contact zone during thermal friction cutting of HARDOX 450 steel has been obtained. The results of experimental studies have shown that by determining the optimal cutting modes it is possible to achieve high-quality indicators of machined surfaces and to control the process of thermal friction cutting, in particular the size of burrs. The results of the computer modelling have shown that cutting modes differently affect the temperature of the sub-contact surface and the temperature can reach the recrystallization temperature. It has been found out that machining at optimal modes (n = 1800 rpm, S = 35 mm/min) provides the invariability of physical and mechanical properties of the machined surface for steel HARDOX 450. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Due to water scarcity over the globe finding ways of re-using wastewater is becoming more and more essential so as to put less strain upon natural resources. This paper provides new insights in particular by introducing for the first time the necessity of taking a balanced approach when using pinch analysis; cooling water demand can be as important as energy demand for inland locations particularly when externalities are taken into account. This is particularly important for Kazakhstan which is a dry, inland country, where climate change is exacerbating issues around water usage. Recent sharp reductions in the flow of the Zhayik river in the Atyrau region of Kazakhstan has magnified the water shortage in the Atyrau region and forced the government to develop new water policies to address this most urgent and serious matter. This paper analysed the water consumption of the main water consumers, the Atyrau oil refinery (AR) with respect to the country's other refineries and found that there has been a significant performance gap. Recently modernisation at AR has sought to transition it from open loop wastewater treatment to closed loop wastewater treatment. Not only has this significantly reduced the water intake from the Zhayik river but there is now zero discharge to the evaporation ponds. Eliminating this discharge prevents soil and groundwater contamination. Conventional methods of wastewater treatment within the framework of modernisation project, called "Tazalyq", are able to remove the majority of contaminants. However, this is still not sufficient to deal with small stable oil droplets (<5 µm). Methods to further enhance the treatment such as membrane technology and segregation are discussed. The former can concentrate small stable droplets without further use of chemicals, and the permeate is quality water that can be recycled. Pilot plant results on the use of reverse osmosis to treat blowdown water are also included. Implementation of this process would reduce water demand by circa 10%. Such an addition to modernisation project would further reduce the water intake from Zhayik river. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article constructs a multidimensional logistic model for predicting the employment of graduates of higher educational institutions trained under the program of academic mobility, using the example of Kazakh universities. The purpose of the research is to identify the relationship between academic mobility and the employment of university graduates, as well as the necessary skills and competencies that can promote academic mobility in higher education institutions. This paper presents the results of calculating correlation coefficients and conducting a chi-square test, which demonstrated a relationship between the dependent variable and other questions in the graduate questionnaire. After the discovery of pairwise relationships, a multivariate logistic model was built that included statistically significant categories of responses. As a result, it was determined that the usefulness of participation in the academic mobility program is influenced by foreign language proficiency, an increase in academic mobility, the development of educational programs based on the needs of the labor market, as well as an increase in the weight of those methods that form practical skills in information analysis and the creation of public spaces in the labor market. The model demonstrated good predictive properties, which can be used to predict those individuals who were helped by academic mobility in finding employment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mass high-rise, tenement housing in former Soviet bloc countries, built within the modernist genre, has proved to be problematical throughout the history of architecture and urban planning. This study addresses features of mass housing in the former Soviet state of Kazakhstan, in which planning, artistic, psychological, social, and urban aspects of housing have resulted in the inhabitants' diminished quality of life. The study's findings reveal specific critical problems regarding typical tenements in Kazakhstan for their inhabitants and for the urban environments they occupy. An interdisciplinary approach reveals both negative and positive characteristics of various types of Kazakh mass tenement housing, with an emphasis on the former. The paper addresses some potentialities and recommendations for renovation that would enhance the quality of life in the urban setting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article provides an overview of the accuracy of various yield forecasting algorithms and offers a detailed explanation of the models and machine learning algorithms that are required for crop yield forecasting. A unified crop yield forecasting methodology is developed, which can be adjusted by adding new indicators and extensions. The proposed methodology is based on remote sensing data taken from free sources. Experiments were carried out on crops of cereals, legumes, oilseeds and forage crops in eastern Kazakhstan. Data on agricultural lands of the experimental farms were obtained using processed images from Sentinel-2 and Landsat-8 satellites (EO Browser) for the period of 2017–2022. In total, a dataset of 1600 indicators was collected with NDVI and MSAVI indices recorded at a frequency of once a week. Based on the results of this work, it is found that yields can be predicted from NDVI vegetation index data and meteorological data on average temperature, surface soil moisture and wind speed. A machine learning programming language can calculate the relationship between these indicators and build a neural network that predicts yield. The neural network produces predictions based on the constructed data weights, which are corrected using activation function algorithms. As a result of the research, the functions with the highest prediction accuracy during vegetative development for all crops presented in this paper are multi-layer perceptron, with a prediction accuracy of 66% to 99% (85% on average), and polynomial regression, with a prediction accuracy of 63% to 98% (82% on average). Thus, it is shown that the use of machine learning and neural networks for crop yield prediction has advantages over other mathematical modelling techniques. The use of machine learning (neural network) technologies makes it possible to predict crop yields on the basis of relevant data. The individual approach of machine learning to each crop allows for the determination of the optimal learning algorithms to obtain accurate predictions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper considers the possibility of reusing previously used railway rails. The analysis is conducted using the standards and operating conditions of the rails of one of the Central Asian states, Kazakhstan, as an example. The operation of these rails causes significant stresses, while the surface layers are strengthened as a result of cold hammering. These phenomena significantly change the physical and mechanical characteristics of rails. As a result, they may not be suitable in terms of parameters for basic use but can be suitable for installation on other tracks. The conducted studies have shown that when the standard service life of the RP65 rail expires, the surface layer is deformed to a depth of up to 300 microns, hardness increases, and internal residual stresses are formed. These changes lead to an increase in the strength properties of the rails. However, at the same time, cracks originate in the surface layer of the rail, thus worsening operational characteristics. The RP65 rails are used under a cyclic load of 700 kN (which is determined by the national standard), withstanding 790,000 cycles. When the load is reduced to 510 kN, these rails can withstand the 2,000,000 cycles required by the standard without failure. Thus, these rails can be reutilized only on non-loaded and non-critical sections. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we outline a study conducted on altered rocks in Central Kazakhstan, in particular, focusing on secondary quartzites. The study reveals a connection between copper-porphyry deposits in Central Kazakhstan and secondary quartzites. Recent research has unveiled gold mineralization in various secondary quartzite massifs, which has spurred further investigations in the region. Over the past three decades, extensive studies have been conducted that have demonstrated similarities among the gold deposits in this area and epithermal gold-silver deposits in volcanic-plutonic arcs around the world. By identifying patterns in the distribution of gold mineralization and developing regional exploration criteria, researchers have comprehensively assessed 48 secondary quartzite massifs and have prioritized promising areas for further exploration. Valuable findings have emerged from detailed examinations of the Akgirek and Birlestik massifs, which have involved drilling exploration wells up to a depth of 250 m. These investigations have shed light on the depth distribution of metasomatites and their association with gold mineralization. Consequently, these findings strengthen our belief in the significant potential for gold mineralization in the secondary quartzites of the Jungar-Balkhash folded system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Relações Internacionais no Mundo is the property of Relacoes Internacionais no Mundo and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Eurasian Journal of Ecology is the property of Al-Farabi Kazakh National University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Purpose: This paper aims to take stock of the Islamic finance experience and aims to identify an approach for further development in Kazakhstan, using qualitative and quantitative assessments. Design/methodology/approach: The paper presents a conceptual framework based on literature review and content analysis. Furthermore, the study uses a survey-based methodology to collect data and determine the prospects, challenges and possible remedies. The quantitative parameters of the potential of Islamic finance in Kazakhstan are based on the assessment of funds on bank deposits, which can be considered potential resources for Islamic financial instruments. Findings: The results suggest improving the legal framework and institutional environment to grow Islamic finance in the country. Raising trust levels in a Shariah-based system within the local population, reducing transaction costs and reducing information asymmetry allow raising public awareness of Islamic finance and integrating Islamic finance into the conventional financial system. Research limitations/implications: This paper is not free from limitations and does not focus on implementing the suggested results. Social implications: This work elaborates in what way the Islamic finance advancement affects the development of economics and focuses on co-financing of real asset-based projects, with the risk and loss sharing; charity; strict prohibitions on the financing of haram activities, pseudo-needs; and subordination of the individual's interests to society. Originality/value: The proposed study presents originalities and it identifies the significant challenges and barriers for further Islamic financial industry development in Kazakhstan by professionals survey. Furthermore, the study assesses potential Islamic finance assets and provides recommendations for successful Islamic finance advancement, considering the peculiarities of the national economy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper focuses on aerospace image analysis methods. Aerospace images are considered for the study of agricultural crops of northern Republic of Kazakhstan belonging to the A. I. Barayev Research and Production Center for Grain Farming. The main goal of the research is the development and implementation of algorithms that make it possible to detect and highlight on aerospace images the factors that negatively affect the growth of crops over the growing seasons. To resolve the problem, the spectral brightness coefficient (SBC), NDVI, clustering, orthogonal transformations are used. Special attention was paid to the development of software tools for selecting characteristics that describe texture differences to segment texture regions into sub-regions. That is, the issue of the applicability of sets of textural features and orthogonal transformations for the analysis of experimental data to identify characteristic areas on aerospace images that can be associated with weeds, pests, etc. in the future was investigated. The questions of signal image processing remain the focus of attention of different specialists. The images act both as a result and as a research object in physics, astronautics, meteorology, forensic medicine and many other areas of science and technology. Furthermore, image processing systems are currently being used to resolve many applied problems. A program has been implemented in the MATLAB environment that allows performing spectral transformations of six types: 1) cosine; 2) Hadamard of order 2n; 3) Hadamard of order n=p+1, p≡3 (mod4); 4) Haar; 5) slant; 6) Daubechies 4. Analysis of the data obtained revealed the features of changes in the reflectivity of cultivated crops and weeds in certain periods of the growing season. The data obtained are of great importance for the validation of remote space observations using aerospace images [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we unpack the uchyot ("registration") system using Foucault's regime-based approach. Uchyot is a Soviet tool for controlling populations by requiring them to register personal information and then sharing this information with the relevant state institutions. This paper explores how uchyot is used to control drug users in Uzbekistan and Central Asian migrants in Russia. It argues that social and economic pressures, combined with strict policies, push unwanted citizens and migrants to engage in risky behaviors or into the shadows of informality and illegality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU), a flagship project of Russian President Vladimir Putin, to build a common market for 180 million people for sustainable economic growth. For participating states, EAEU presents economic and regional integration and advances the idea of common desired goals fulfilling common economic objectives. Having initially failed, Russia established a Customs Union with Belarus and Kazakhstan in 2010, which led to the establishment of EAEU in 2015. Ever since its launch, growing differences among member states on policies have plagued the idea of regional integration resulting in trade wars. Keeping in view historic affiliation of the member states, it is understood that these states predominantly have served Russia's strategic interests. However, empirical findings on the EAEU's external context reveal that a significant boost in economic cooperation and trade among member states is unlikely due to their divergent political aspirations and even their power asymmetries. Moreover, some member states view EAEU as one of Russian's tools to secure its global strategic objectives. This paper ascertains how EAEU can bring an economic integration in Eurasia and provide opportunities to participating states in a diversified manner to achieve sustainable economic prosperity in the region. In addition, the paper also examines the strategic and economic interests of all participating states to determine success or failure of EAEU because their long-term commitment and profound cooperation is entirely based on their perception of prioritizing political and strategic preferences over regional economic integration or vice versa. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Well logging, also known as a geophysical survey, is one of the main components of a nuclear fuel cycle. This survey follows directly after the drilling process, and the operational quality assessment of its results is a very serious problem. Any mistake in this survey can lead to the culling of the whole well. This paper examines the feasibility of applying machine learning techniques to quickly assess the well logging quality results. The studies were carried out by a reference well modelling for the selected uranium deposit of the Republic of Kazakhstan and further comparing it with the results of geophysical surveys recorded earlier. The parameters of the geophysical methods and the comparison rules for them were formulated after the reference well modelling process. The classification trees and the artificial neural networks were used during the research process and the results obtained for both methods were compared with each other. The results of this paper may be useful to the enterprises engaged in the geophysical well surveys and data processing obtained during the logging process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Generally, the soil is considered to be a material strong in compression but weak in tension, while the stability of fine soils is an essential prerequisite to ensure the safe operation of road transport. The stability of soils analysis is routinely performed by engineers to evaluate the stability of embankment dams, road embankments, river training works, excavations, and retaining walls. In frozen regions of Russia and Kazakhstan, roads may promote shallow landsliding, gully formation, or headward channel migration through interception of subsurface flow along with the road cut and concentration of flow on particular areas below the road, while shallow landslide hazards in soil slopes usually happen, which pose a serious threat to road safety operations. The research goal of this paper is to conduct field observations and numerical simulation tests and stability analysis to investigate the soil strength and stability of the geotechnical engineering system. The research object of this paper is the road engineering M32: Samara - Shymkent (Russia - Kazakhstan). The results show that under the same simulation conditions and an increase in surface roughness and inhomogeneity of soil particles, the dynamic stability of the slope increases. This article presents the basic engineering properties with an emphasis on design strength parameters of soil together with the stability analysis results considering the unsaturated condition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to bare the peculiarities and challenges of the dual training (DT) of the future primary school teachers in the Republic of Kazakhstan. The above-mentioned problem is quite urgent, as the system of VET and DT is a rather new experience for Kazakhstani system of higher education. Thereby, the paper makes an effort to demonstrate the forms of organization of DT at teachers’ training university.Design/methodology/approach The instruments for gathering information (data) for this study were various primary school teachers’ training curricula adopted by Kazakh State Women’s Teacher Training University; in particular, curricula of teaching practice. Various types of teaching practice during the entire learning period are provided by the state educational standards of higher professional education. Therefore, the research utilized a retrospective analysis that allows identifying the nature and specifics of the primary school teachers’ training curricula.Findings The paper points out the necessity to strengthen practical orientation of future primary school teacher through the synthesis of academic and educational processes (in school). It also presents the differences between the organization of teaching practice based on traditional and dual approach.Originality/value The authors suggest project curriculum of continuous teaching practice during the entire learning process on the example of the specialty 5B010200 Pedagogy and methodology of primary education in the context of DT and some results of its implementation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents the situation of the Polish language in Kazakhstan. The sketch discusses the history and present situation of and prospects for teaching Polish in this country. The author pays particular attention to the description of the situation of the Polish community in Kazakhstan, where the teaching of the Polish language is concentrated. Moreover, she presents partial results of her study of the motivations for learning Polish among inhabitants of Kazakhstan. The paper is an attempt at presenting all Kazakh centres where the Polish language is taught and outlining the prospect for the development of Polish in this country. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyses EU-Central Asia trade and EU economic assistance to Central Asia. Despite being Central Asia's largest trade partner, the EU's economic impact in Central Asia has been small. Some individual EU companies have had a high profile in individual countries or in energy projects, but overall EU companies have lagged the higher profile of Russian companies and the increasing Chinese economic presence. The EU became more active in designing a strategy towards Central Asia after 2007, but funding remained limited and the impact small. In the 2010s the European External Action Service negotiated an Enhanced Partnership and Cooperation Agreement with Kazakhstan, suggesting that for the EU Kazakhstan has a special status within Central Asia and a one-size-fits-all strategy was inappropriate. The paper analyses the emergence of Eurasian rail services and their significance for EU-Central Asian economic relations. The paper concludes with a discussion of prospects for EU-Central Asian relations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this paper is to analyze changes in the notion and role of rural tourism provoked by the COVID-19 pandemic. The paper examines how rural tourism in the pandemic year 2020 has accommodated human needs for well-being: which touristic resources have been mobilized and what knowledge structures have contributed to mobilization of touristic resources. The authors use a qualitative multimethod approach to develop insights about the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on changing roles played by rural tourism in Italy and Kazakhstan. The theoretical novelty of the research is that it conceptualizes tourism resource mobilization strategies as a result of the historical and emerging knowledge structures. It was found that while both geographical and ethno-cultural resources form the basis for rural tourism development, knowledge structures play a critical role in setting both the interpretative and institutional frames defining rural tourism forms and directions of development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Central Asian Economic Review is the property of Narxoz University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper presents a model of the formation of a multiphase Akzhailau granitoid massif formed within a Caledonian block of the Earth's crust in the Hercynian time. This work is based on the results of major and trace element composition, geochronological, mineralogical and isotope-geochemical studies. Three stages of the formation of the Akzhailau massif are distinguished, which differ significantly from the previously accepted concepts about the multicomplex and polychronous origin of this intrusion: (1) the formation of moderately alkaline A2-type leuсogranites (308–301 Ma); (2) intrusion of monzodiorites into the base of leucogranites (~295 Ma), increasing degree of partial melting of protoliths with the formation of syenites and moderately alkaline granites of I-type (294–292 Ma); (3) intrusion of dikes and small bodies of alkaline ferroeckermannite A1-type leucogranites in the west and north of massif (~289 Ma). The Akzhailau massif was formed within about 15 Myr in the middle–upper crust through the interaction of plume-related subalkaline basitic magmas with metamorphosed crustal protolith of the orogenic structure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Globally, scholarships for international higher education play a critical role in human capital development. While substantial research has documented the benefits such scholarships provide for individuals, their impact on the creation of pathways for social change remains under-researched. This paper bridges this gap by examining the extent to which a government scholarship for international education has created pathways for social change in Kazakhstan. Data were collected through interviews with 67 scholarship alumni. Drawing on Dassin et al.'s (2018) framework for pathways to social change, the findings reveal that international education fosters social change in Kazakhstan in four ways. First, the scholarship program develops local talent and builds agents of change. Second, it widens access to international education, particularly for individuals from marginalized communities, who would otherwise lack access owing to their scarce financial resources. Third, the program develops alumni's cosmopolitan and intercultural competencies and strengthens international collaborations. Finally, it creates associations and groups through which alumni can collectively contribute to society. The findings highlight that while the interviewed alumni foster strong patriotic feelings and are determined to contribute to the prosperity of their country, underdeveloped industries, economic volatility, and top-down bureaucracy in workplaces limit their potential contributions to social changes. These findings may help policymakers and administrators to reconsider and improve on the design and structure of scholarship programs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although the lives of LGBT people in Central Asia have recently received scholarly attention, authors do not pay due attention to transgender (trans) issues. This paper explores living conditions of trans people in Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan, as well as trans organizing in these countries. Semi-structured interviews with 11 trans activists were conducted in March–April 2022. According to the respondents, trans people in Central Asia face pervasive discrimination, harassment and rejection on behalf of society at large and their families. Many live in a desperate economic situation. Access to legal gender recognition aimed to align the person's legal gender with their gender identity is limited; the process requires psychiatric evaluation, medical interventions and/or going to courts. A limited number of doctors can provide transition-related medical care (hormone replacement therapy, surgeries). Trans activists self-organize to address these issues and promote trans rights in Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan. Their areas of work include providing direct support, educating doctors, and conducting advocacy with state institutions and international actors. The political environment is hostile towards trans activism. Organizations face problems receiving official registration; in Tajikistan, state pressure on civil society is especially severe. Anti-gender movements are another obstacle for trans activists. Political instability often disrupts activists' advocacy efforts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examined how comments about Kazakhstan's 2019 and 2022 presidential elections posted on Tengrinews, one of the most commonly used news websites in Kazakhstan, reflected public sentiment toward the elections after two political flashpoints: Nazarbayev's resignation and the January 2022 protests (known as Bloody January - Qandy Qantar). In particular, the study seeks an answer to the question, "How has public sentiment changed between 9 April 2019 and 25 June 2019, as well as between 20 September 2022 and 21 November 2022?" In this paper, we applied a content analysis of all user-generated comments (n = 3,147) to identify Kazakhstani people's mood through the lenses of cues given in comments. The method demonstrates that people were most concerned about presidential nominations and candidates, election costs, protests, and social problems, and showed some hope for change. The results also demonstrate that Kazakhstanis tend to use sarcastic language and indicate the performative nature of the country's elections. Based on comparative analysis, we confirm that political flashpoints significantly affect citizens' sentiments, even regarding topics such as protests. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of the paper is to reveal the impact of the war unleashed by Russia against Ukraine on the foreign policy of Kazakhstan, as well as to consider the potential development of Kazakhstan's relations with China, Turkey, the United States and others. Analysis, induction, deduction and synthesis serve as the main methods of research on this problem. The article discloses the problem of preservation by Kazakhstan of a multi-vector, neutral policy in relation to its partners in modern conditions. The strategic programme documents adopted by the government of Kazakhstan were also studied. The analysis of interstate trade turnover for 2022 was used to determine relations between Kazakhstan and Russia after its invasion of Ukraine. Separately, it was considered whether the Russian Federation poses a military threat to Kazakhstan. The materials of the article are of practical and theoretical value for political scientists and specialists in the field of international relations, and researchers of the foreign policy of the Republic of Kazakhstan interested in the features and aspects of the implementation of a multi-vector policy by its leadership. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The skin shows the physiological condition of the body's organs and systems that prevent infections and physical damage. Throughout the ages, in folk medicine, phytotherapy was considered a primary form of treatment in all countries, including Kazakhstan, due to the abundance and availability of plant-based remedies. This paper discusses several medicinal plants that are traditionally used in the treatment of skin diseases in the Republic of Kazakhstan. The chemical composition of these plants was analyzed, with a particular focus on the biologically active basic compounds responsible for their therapeutic efficiency in treating skin ailments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Although recommended for all member states of World Health Organization, there is no national human papillomavirus vaccination program in Kazakhstan. Furthermore, there are no studies in Kazakhstan that evaluate the mothers' perception of human papillomavirus vaccines. Objectives: This study aims to assess the knowledge and attitudes toward human papillomavirus vaccination among mothers in Kazakhstan and the factors associated with their attitudes. Design: A cross-sectional study was performed during the period of December 2021—February 2022. The STROBE guideline for cross-sectional studies was applied. Methods: Paper-based structured questionnaires were filled out by 191 mothers, 141 of whom had daughters. The attitude score was assessed as per the Likert-type scale. The Chi-square and Fisher's exact tests, with a significance value of < 0.05 were used to analyze the relationships between the characteristics of mothers and their attitude scores. Results: The following factors were significantly associated with mothers' attitudes toward human papillomavirus vaccination: a place of residence, family income, number of children, and refusal of vaccination for themselves (p < 0.005). Of all participants, only 45% of all mothers, 41% of mothers with a female, and 46% of mothers with male children had positive attitudes toward human papillomavirus vaccination. The child's gender was not a significant determinant. Overall, the level of knowledge about human papillomavirus vaccination was found to be low. The median total score is 0 out of 12 for women who have negative and neutral attitudes toward human papillomavirus vaccines. Among women who have positive attitudes toward HPV vaccines, the median score is around 3 points. Conclusion: Before the implementation of the human papillomavirus vaccination program into the Kazakhstani national vaccination calendar, comprehensive and adequate information and education campaigns are required on the national level for parents and the population in general. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper reports the results of an exploratory quantitative study investigating the potential of VoiceThread and Flipgrid as learning tools for the development of learners' productive skills and enhancing learners' performance to provide the basis for continuing independent practice. The study involved a total of 39 students in a four-week English course; 19 students used the VoiceThread and Flipgrid software, and 20 students in a control group followed the same curriculum but without these web applications. Students carried out a weekly extended speaking task (storytelling) on a topic related to the curriculum. To prepare for this, they used VoiceThread and Flipgrid software to record and rehearse their presentation for other students and for the teacher to listen to and provide individual feedback. The recordings were analyzed according to the Speaking Assessment Scale. Questionnaires were used to investigate learners' perceptions of the task's value and of their performance and confidence changes over time. The results showed that regular VoiceThread and Flipgrid tasks help learners develop their productive skills, performance, and confidence in spoken English. Such voice-recording activities have the potential to improve speaking and writing and thus tackle the limitations on time, practice, and feedback inherent in classroom-based courses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Purpose] To investigate the main provisions of modern legal science regarding criminal offences in the field of informatisation and communications. [Methodology/Approach/Design] The study used general scientific and special legal methods, in particular, analysis, generalisation, statistical, and comparative legal. Classification and modelling methods were actively used during the study. [Findings] The main result of this study was the analysis of statistical data on committed criminal offences in the field of informatisation and communications, identification of general trends, and the development of the original classification of offences in the field under study. The authors conducted a comparative analysis of the experience of other countries in preventing and combating crimes in the field of informatisation and communications, developing practical recommendations for solving urgent problems of combating this category of crimes in Kazakhstan. [Practical Implications] The results of the study, consisting in the developed model of international cooperation in combating criminal offences in the field of informatisation and communications, can be used by the competent authorities in the field of criminal proceedings in Kazakhstan. [Originality/Value] Special attention in the paper was paid to offences in the field of informatisation and communications from the standpoint of violation of human rights and freedoms, especially the right to information. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ferula ferulaeoides (Steud.) Korov is one of the traditional ethnic medicines in Xinjiang Uygur and Kazakh of China, which mainly contains volatile oils, terpenoids, coumarins and other chemical components. Previous work has shown that F. ferulaeoides exhibited insecticide, antibacterial, antitumor properties, and so on. In this paper, the chemical composition, pharmacological activity, and quality control of F. ferulaeoides were reviewed, and the application of F. ferulaeoides in the food industry was explored, so as to provide some reference for the quality evaluation of F. ferulaeoides and its further development and utilization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The results of low-frequency oscillations identification in the Republic of Kazakhstan power grid by using a Wide Area Measurement System are presented and an algorithm for damping low-frequency oscillations is proposed in this paper. Analysis of weakly damped inter-area low-frequency oscillations revealed a constant mode with a frequency range of 0.3–0.4 Hz. It was determined that at these low-frequency oscillations, the amplitude of active power fluctuations along the transmission line was 150 MW with a duration of 9 minutes. The modal analysis calculation of the Republic of Kazakhstan power system model in the «DigSilent Power Factory» software shows the dangerous low-frequency oscillation modes having a damping ratio is 2.2 % and an eigenfrequency 0.328 Hz. These oscillation modes identified by the real data and in the developed model indicate the incorrect tuning of power system stabilizer parameters at power plants. It is necessary to retune the power system stabilizer parameters whenever changing the system’s and mode’s configurations. An analysis of existing power system stabilizer tuning methods was performed, and revisited residue method was determined as sufficiently effective. Thus, the developed algorithm for identification and damping of low-frequency oscillation consists of three tasks. The first task is data collection from the Wide Area Measurement System and Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition system and updating the calculation model based on the current status of equipment (generators, transformers, transmission lines, etc.). The second task is the identification of dangerous electromechanical oscillations and modal analysis based on information obtained in real-time. The third task is tuning the power system stabilizer parameters for damping dangerous low-frequency oscillation modes based on the revisited residue method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]