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Isolated Enzyme from thermophilic bacteria is useful in a wide variety of industries, including the manufacturing industry which relies on high temperatures. These enzymes provide several benefits since they may speed up reactions, reducing manufacturing costs, energy consumption, and time in the industrial process. Here we report UTMSBA and UTMSBS isolates that showed positive results in the gelatin hydrolysis test, while the citrate test, catalase test, sulfide hydrolysis, gelatin hydrolysis, and mortality test showed negative results. The edges and elevations of UTMSBA and UTMSBS isolates appear circular, entire, and flat. The isolates were able to hydrolyze amylase, cellulase, and protease enzymes, and the 16SrRNA gene revealed 99.99 percent homology, indicating Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain V4. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Batik industry in Indonesia frequently dispose liquid waste containing high level of toxic and carcinogenic dyes to the drainage without being treated. In accordance with it, plasma electrolysis has been proved as the efficient method to degrade dyes waste, yielding higher hydroxyl radicals than other methods. The experiment was conducted by generating plasma in circulated reactor using stainless steel cathode and tungsten anode with 2 cm depth immersed in 0.02 M Na2SO4 electrolyte solution added by 20 mg/L Fe2+ and 100 mg/L of Remazol Red initial concentration, with addition of varying air injection rate at maintained power. The results show that 1 L/min is the optimum air injection rate value to operate this reactor effectively at 450 W of optimum operating power so that it could lower the breakdown voltage, reduce energy consumption, produce more OH radicals and other reactive species, and elevate the degradation percentage. The experiment conducted in optimum operating condition provide result of 99.61% in degradation percentage for 60 minutes with final concentration of dye is 0.39 mg/L, 41.55 mg/L of COD, and 3177.16 kJ of energy consumption. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Vibrio sp. are one of the primary disease-causing pathogenic agents in shellfish aquaculture, ubiquitous throughout the world. With the rise of the antibiotic resistance phenomena, and current antibiotics cannot assure efficient control of luminescent vibriosis, it is primordial to to look for novel sources of antimicrobials. Along with the extensive research on isolating bioactive compounds from plants, research on the biodiversity of fungal endophytes has also received much attention. This study aims to isolate endophytic fungi from stem-barks and leaves of mangrove plants as mangroves exist under stressful conditions which let them able to produce diverse group of metabolic substances with wide range of biological activities including antimicrobial agents. Mangrove samples were taken from Bengkalis district, Riau Province, and identified as Ceriops tagal (Perr.) C.B.Rob and Bruguiera sp. A total of 22 isolates of fungal endophytes have been isolated and screened for their ability to inhibit the growth of Vibrio alginolyticus and Vibrio parahaemolyticus. Antagonist test results showed that 4 isolates were able to inhibit the growth of Vibrio parahaemolyticus with 10.46 ± 0.33 to 14.29 ± 0.12 mm of inhibition zone, while the growth of Vibrio alginolyticus was inhibited by 11 isolates with inhibition diameter of 9.72 ± 0.7 to 15.45 ±1.3 mm. One isolate is able to inhibit the growth of these two pathogenic bacteria and has been identified as Aspergillus sp. These findings indicate the potential of endophytes in producing secondary metabolites with anti-vibriosis activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]