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Background: To date, integrated care for people living with human immunodeficiency virus (PLHIV) has improved. However, although the management of mucocutaneous mycosis cases has improved, disease progression might be different in immunocompromised patients, which leads to variable clinical manifestations. Objectives: To describe the characteristics of mucocutaneous mycosis cases in the PLHIV population and its associated factors in Indonesia. Methods: This retrospective study was conducted from January 2014 to December 2018 in four academic hospitals. Data were acquired from medical records with the inclusion of mucocutaneous mycosis patients with concurrent HIV infection. Analysis with the chi‐squared test was performed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20.0. Results: A total of 1,796 cases of mucocutaneous mycoses were identified in 1782 PLHIV. The most common types of infection were candidiasis (63%), followed by dermatophytosis (35.1%), and malasseziosis (1.9%), which were significantly higher in PLHIV with CD4 level <200 cells/mm3. The proportions of male gender (78.6% vs. 56.3%, p <.001), high level of education (48.0% vs. 64.1%, p <.001), office workers (73.8% vs. 64.1%, p <.001), combination of topical and systemic antifungal agents (59.1% vs. 48.5%, p =.006) and not receiving antiretroviral therapy (63.2% vs. 7.8%, p <.001) were significantly higher in PLHIV with a CD4 level <200 cells/mm3. Conclusion: In Indonesia, the most common fungal infection in PLHIV is candidiasis. This study also addressed the important matters regarding mucocutaneous mycoses in PLHIV. Education is an important measure to prevent the incidence of cutaneous mycoses in PLHIV, especially in high‐risk groups. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Oral candidiasis (OC) is the most frequent opportunistic infection of the oral cavity caused by Candida species overgrowth. A wide variety of risk factor that contributes to yeast infection especially candidiasis. It might be acting as an early marker for people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA). There are some risk factors for PLWHA associated OC at Wangaya hospital in Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia. Aim: To identify risk factors of OC in PLWHA at Wangaya Hospital in Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia. Settings and Design: Case control study was conducted from March 1, 2016 and July 30, 2019, included 448 participants (207 cases and 241 controls). Consecutive recruitment was employed. Methods: Cases were PLWHA (18 to 60 years old) with OC and controls without OC. Diagnosis of OC based on the clinical features which are the pseudomembranous candidiasis; oral thrush. An interviewer administered a structured questionnaire used to collect information on risk factors. Statistical analysis used: bivariate analysis was performed on all variables. Chi-square test with statistically significant was at a level of 0.05. Results: The participants included 207 (46.20%) PLWHA with OC and 241 (53.80%) PLWHA who did not have OC. The majority participants, 293 (65.40%) were male. OC was associated with age [p = 0.03; OR = 0.66 (95% CI:0.45– 0.95)]; sex [p = 0.002; OR = 1.88 (95% CI:1.26– 2.80)]; Xerostomia [p = 0.000; OR = 4.15 (95% CI:2.76– 6.23)]; smoking [p = 0.000; OR = 6.83 (95% CI: 4.46– 10.44)]; alcohol consumption [p = 0.000; OR = 5.76 (95% CI: 3.74– 8.83)]; antibiotic usage [p = 0.000; OR = 4.49 (95% CI: 2.93– 6.90)]; CD4 count [p = 0.000; OR = 3.29 (95% CI:2.24– 4.86)]; HIV clinical stage [p = 0.000; OR = 3.58 (95% CI 2.39– 5.37)]. No significant association between prothesis with OC. Conclusion: We found that age, sex, xerostomia, smoking, alcohol consumption, antibiotic usage, CD4 counts and advanced HIV Clinical stage (AIDS) were significant associated risk factors for OC in PLWHA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]