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The central role of the Indonesian government in campaigning for open government is not in line with the findings of corruption cases in Indonesia. This research aims to analyze anti-corruption open government bibliometrics and the content of Indonesia’s open government anti-corruption policies. This research uses a qualitative approach with bibliometric analysis and content analysis methods. This study analyzes 200 papers on the Google Scholar database published in the 2018–2022 period and analyzes Indonesia’s open government anti-corruption policies. This research found 4587 citations, h-index 37, g-index 57, 172 keywords, 22 clusters, 2531 total link strengths, and 784 occurrences in open government anti-corruption papers. Anticorruption, data disclosure, open data, open government, e-government, information disclosure, transparency, open government data, public procurement, and beneficial ownership are the most popular open government anti-corruption trends. In the same time period, the Indonesian government established 10 anti-corruption policies covering public procurement, beneficial ownership, and elections. This research concludes that although the Indonesian government’s corruption index is unsatisfactory, anticorruption policies in Indonesia are in line with global anti-corruption trends, especially in several popular policies such as open data, transparency, information disclosure, public procurement, and beneficial ownership. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims at documenting and reconstructing the linguistic processes generating and substantiating the use of number systems, numbers in general, elementary arithmetic, and the related concepts and notions among the Kula people from Alor Island, Southeastern Indonesia. The Kula is a Papuan population from the Alor–Pantar Archipelago (Timor area). The name of their language, Kula (or Kola), corresponds to the ethnonym. The language is, currently, endangered and not completely documented. At the level of linguistic features, numeral systems and the terms for numerals from Eastern Alor exhibit, to some extent, unique characteristics, if compared to other languages spoken in other sectors of the island. Therefore, the Kula numbering system is not only significant at the lexicological and lexicographic level, but also represents the essential role of cognitive strategies (e.g., the choice of the base for the numbering systems and the visual representation of counting with the aid of actual 'objects', like hands and fingers) in the coinage of numerical terms among the local speakers. Indeed, the development of numeral systems reflects the evolution of human language and the ability of humans to construct abstract numerical concepts. The way numerals are encoded and expressed in a language can impact the patterns according to which numerical notions are conceptualized and understood. Different numeral systems can indicate variations in cognitive processes involving notions of quantities and measurements. Therefore, the structure and characteristics of a numeral system may affect how numeral concepts are mentally represented and developed. This paper focuses on the number system of the Kula people and the lexical units used by the local speakers to indicate (and to explain) the numbers, with the related concepts, notions, and symbolism. The investigation delves into the degrees of abstraction of the Kula numeral system and tries to ascertain its origins and reconstruct it. Moreover, the article applies to the analysis a comparative approach, which takes into account several Papuan and Austronesian languages from Alor Island and Eastern Timor, with the dual aim of investigating, at a preliminary level, a possible common evolution and/or divergent naming processes in local numbering systems and their historical–linguistic and etymological origins. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This paper aims to give broad insights into what components can significantly influence the adoption of Metaverse from the perspective of internal auditors and their firms in Indonesia. Design/methodology/approach: This research used primary data from questionnaires. Relying on the empirical view of 202 internal auditors in Indonesia, this research's framework is executed using structural equation model. Company's intention in adopting the Metaverse technology intervenes in the influence of perception of external control and usefulness on the internal auditor's intention to adopt that technology. Findings: The perception of external control and perceived usefulness of Metaverse significantly influenced the adoption intention of Metaverse by internal auditors and their firms in Indonesia. This paper is helpful for practitioners who would like to know what factors are needed to make the internal auditors in Indonesia able to adopt Metaverse. Research limitations/implications: Results might be varied from country to country as each country has different technology development. Therefore, upcoming research can compare similar studies in another country. This paper can contribute to further empirical development for the theory of acceptance model of the third version. Many researchers use the theory to study advanced technology adoption intention. Practical implications: The paper is also essential for future research and could enhance companies' knowledge about staying updated in the market with the advanced technology that keeps developing. Originality/value: This paper contributes to an integrated view of the intention of internal auditors and firms in Indonesia to adopt Metaverse. To the best of the authors' knowledge, this topic is relatively new in Indonesia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of DEPARCH Journal of Design Planning & Aesthetics Research is the property of DEPARCH Journal of Design Planning & Aesthetics Research and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Senior Citizen is an elderly human in a golden age who has many limitations. The number of older people is increasing in almost every country, including in Indonesia. One of the diseases that were suffered is senile or known as Dementia. Therefore, to protect the elderly, the special care is needed in order to be able to monitor the located and to see the condition of the elderly when they are travelling outside the home. Based on that condition, a prototype of the detector is proposed in this paper namely Smart tracking for the Golden Age's Citizen. This system consists of a GPS module, a vibration sensor, a GSM Module, and a voice recorder module. GPS module will detect the location, and the vibration sensor will detect the vibration if the elderly falls. The GSM module will send the information in the form of SMS to the family. The voice recorder module is used to record and play the recorded sound. Based on the results of the prototype test, the prototype is successfully detecting the location if the elderly is outside the range. The testing was concluding that the older people position can be tracked approximately around 2-5 meters from the determination in google map application and send an SMS in 3-5 seconds, if the user falls or lost. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fifteen papers are included in this PAGEOPH topical issue "Sixty Years of Modern Tsunami Science, Volume 2: Challenges." The issue starts with a general introduction, and then briefly summarizes all contributions, first papers addressing general topics, and then articles grouped on a regional basis: Northern Pacific, Southeast Pacific, Southwest Pacific and Indonesia, and Mediterranean regions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Industrial pulp and paper plantations have expanded substantially in Indonesia over the past three decades. This paper analyses how plantations were established and changed over time, focusing on the ways owners have asserted control over massive forestland areas. The study centres on two major companies which control 95% of plantations in Riau, a province with the largest industrial tree plantations in Indonesia. The current analytical framework combines national and subnational interests alongside theories of bureaucratic politics. We found that large-scale forestland controlled by a few private players was made possible through meeting national development targets and carried out by the national forest bureaucracy. Under this constellation, a few conglomerates closely tied to central power holders secured mandates to pursue forestry goals. Our findings explain emergent subnational patterns among local bureaucracies, whose growing interests coincide with large-scale plantations agglomerating land to supply shortfalls in mega-processing plants. The mechanisms of formal and informal interests at play among bureaucracies at both national and sub-national levels enrich our current understanding about forestland acquisitions, which is often simplistically interpreted as a centralised state obsessed with economic opportunities presented by a global commodity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The oil and gas industry's inherent volatility, influenced by geopolitical events, supply and demand fluctuations, and economic conditions, poses significant challenges to project schedules and budgets. Accurate project cost prediction is vital for effective project management, particularly in long-term projects in PERTAMINA's downstream sector. Currently, PERTAMINA faces project delays, primarily due to market volatility and lengthy preparatory activities. This time gap results in budget disparities, necessitating an accurate cost escalation method. In current PERTAMINA Downstream project budgeting, cost escalation methods adjust the Owner's Estimate during tender processes but typically only focus on the bidding year, omitting the construction period gap which should also be factored in. This paper analyzes various benchmarks, including gold price, Big Mac index, US Dollar index, and Indonesia's inflation rate, considered as alternative currencies for precise project budgeting, and selects the most suitable one. Results indicate that the Gold Price emerges as the best benchmark for precise cost escalation due to its consistent growth trend, in line with the RAND Study's insights on the impact of omitting scope and risks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective - As the world began to adapt to Covid-19, the phenomenon of mass resignations emerged. Companies are competing to retain their best talents by offering flexible benefits. This paper shows how Design Thinking is used to solve user problems in creating a B2B Flex Benefit product. Methodology/Technique - The Flex Benefit that will be developed is the employee loan, which is growing in demand among Indonesians. Design Thinking is one method of developing products that meet user needs. This study's primary data collection methods were In-Depth Interviews (IDI) and moderated Usability Testing (UT). Findings -- This study uses an Empathy Map, a Value Proposition Canvas, and a User Journey Map. Novelty - This paper will demonstrate how a Flex Benefit product in Indonesia can gain a competitive advantage by synthesizing user insights. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Legitimacy is central to conflicts between environmental nongovernment organizations (ENGOs) and natural resource extraction companies. This process ranges from differing interpretations of legitimacy regarding the utilization of natural resources and its development through adapting the practices to meet society's expectations and norms, to its portrayal and finally being granted the stakeholders' seal of legitimacy. This article analyses an example of this conflict by exploring the legitimacy of the positions of a pulp and paper company and ENGOs opposing its operating practices. The article is based on an analysis of the actions of both sets of organizations, through interviews and a review of their documents. The results show differing roles that legitimacy plays in environmental conflict and how these roles make the conflict increasingly complex, making resolution harder. This underlines the need for tools to facilitate resolution, including one that would provide a clearer perspective and clarify the different stakeholders' claims of legitimacy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: With changes in European and the US academia and education systems, research has become a measurement to define academic productivity, as it is a crucial component in the process of becoming a well-trained neurosurgeon. In this recent study, we aimed to reveal the current status and challenges facing neurosurgical research in Indonesia. Methods: An open-access PubMed MEDLINE database search was performed to reveal all articles published by Indonesian Neurosurgeons from 1980 to July 2021. The detail was extracted to the following parameters: academia center or city of the study, year of publication, study type, topic, journal, institution and Q status, first author, article citation, international collaboration, and the working field. These data were processed and examined. Results: During 1980 and July 2021, a total of 242 PubMed-indexed papers were published from Indonesia. The number of publications started increasing significantly from 2010 to 2021, with an average of 19 papers per year since 2010. Most of the studies came from Bandung (22.7%), with Universitas Padjadjaran as the center of the study. According to the paper type, the majority of the articles were basic and clinical research (45.5%). The most common study type was case reports (33.5%). Neurotrauma (21.9%) was the most frequent topic followed by neuro-oncology (21.07%) and spine trauma (11.98%). Conclusion: Published articles in the neurosurgery field in Indonesia has shown a higher, promising trend. Despite many challenges faced in the process, there was significant progress in the past few decades compared to the previous ones. A comprehensive deliberate plan and multidisciplinary effort that focuses on overcoming the problems regarding defining academic productivity is needed for further improvement of neurosurgical care in Indonesia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Upscaling Voluntary Sustainability Standards (VSS) can generate ecological and social benefits at a scale that is meaningful to address pressing environmental issues such as climate change and biodiversity losses. Lack of resources and risks of implementation gaps may, however, hinder the success of upscaling VSS. This paper aims to fill the gap in the literature regarding options to reduce certification costs to upscale VSS amid the limited financial resources available for certification. The paper presents the result of action research involving 3,507 independent oil palm farmers who are members of six farmer groups in two districts in Central Kalimantan to achieve Roundtable on Sustainable Palm Oil (RSPO) certification. The research found that achieving economies of scale by increasing the total number of certified farmers can reduce the certification costs per farmer. By establishing a district-level entity, the costs related to audits, RSPO membership fees, and the establishment of farmer groups, such as developing standard operating procedures (SOPs), can be lowered. Implementation gaps were not found with the increase of farmers joining the project based on the training frequency and the external audit findings reports on farmers' compliance with RSPO principles and criteria. The findings of this study provide a basis for promoting the upscaling of VSS, including through the RSPO jurisdictional approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Environmental & Social Management Journal / Revista de Gestão Social e Ambiental is the property of Environmental & Social Management Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Indonesia is the fourth most populous country in the world with a diverse array of traditional food, including main dishes, snacks, and indigenous beverages. The paper aims to explore the cultural significance, historical and philosophical perspectives, production, physicochemical properties, recent development studies, and the safety, shelf life and microbiological aspect of wajik, a traditional Javanese food. Wajik originated during the Majapahit era in Central and East Java and is still significant today in ceremonial events. Wajik, rooted in the Javanese phrase "wani tumindak becik", symbolizes courageous pursuit of righteousness and reflects the unwavering commitment to virtuous actions, with its etymological link to diamond-shaped playing cards. Wajik is an officially recognized semi-wet snack made from glutinous rice, palm sugar, and coconut milk, with a distinctive texture and delightful, sweet taste, typically served as a leisure snack due to its parallelogram shape, semi-wet texture, and slight stickiness, requiring specific equipment and standardized ingredients for production. Some strategies have been developed to increase the quality, value added, and to prolong the shelf life of wajik through innovative packaging, food safety system implementation, and product reformulation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tourism based on local wisdom serves as a solution to enhance economic aspects while considering the sustainability of cultural and natural aspects. Industrial tourism can also be packaged to attain environmental and economic benefits. These two tourism themes can be combined in certain areas with potentiality. The aim of this research is to identify the opportunities and challenges of Sering Village in its transition to a local wisdom-based industrial-oriented tourism village. This research adopts a descriptive qualitative approach. The case study's location of this research is Sering Village, Pelalawan Regency, Riau Province, Indonesia. Data gathering methods include observation, interviews, and documentation. Data analysis methods involve the utilisation of the Miles and Huberman model. The results of this study provide an overview of the opportunities and challenges in developing Sering Village into a local wisdom-based industrial-oriented tourism destination. The prospects held by Sering Village stem from the local wisdom of its community and its strategic location. Sering Village possesses local wisdom preserved by its community in the form of local products as well as traditional activities and customs. In terms of its location, Sering Village is situated between the center of the paper and pulp industry and the Istana Sayap, a legacy of the Malay Pelalawan Kingdom. Istana Sayap can be reached via both land and river routes. However, challenges faced by Sering Village involve public facilities and the absence of a well-conceived model for the development of a local wisdom-based industrial-oriented tourism village in Sering Village. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The paper examined the impact of corporate communication about eco-friendly products on social media (CSM) and conventional media (CCM) on individuals/buyers' intent for co-creating environmental values (ICEV) post-Coronavirus pandemic in Indonesia. Design/methodology/approach: Data were gathered from 561 individuals/buyers, via cross-sectional sampling in Bandung city, Indonesia. Next, this study used structural equation modelling to assess the theoretical model and hypothetical relationships. Findings: Both factors, i.e. CCM and CSM, positively and significantly affect ICEV. Originality/value: The paper is an original attempt to assess the impact of corporate communication about eco-friendly products on media toward ICEV in Indonesia's post-Coronavirus pandemic. Besides, it is an initial effort to create the notions of success expectancy and self-efficacy and analyse whether these two concepts can become factors that mediate the effects of corporate CCM and CSM on buyers' ICEV. This paper also develops ICEV to expand social cognitive theory from the perspective of co-creating environmental values. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this paper is to show fraud under the guise of online loans that harm the community and provide solutions so that people avoid these scams. In the Online Loan program, many people have complained about the dissemination of personal data to the authorities that have been carried out by the Online Loan organizer without prior notification from the party concerned. The use of data used in this paper comes from journal articles and also online news related to fraud cases under the guise of online loans that occur in Indonesia. The main factor in the rise of illegal online loans (Pinjol) is the unfulfilled needs and strong belief in money. The Financial Services Authority (OJK) said that the level of financial literacy and inclusion in the peer-to-peer financial technology (fintech P2P) technology industry or online loans (pinjol) is still relatively low. The results stated that it is necessary to implement stricter regulations, increase transparency, build a centralized database to track fraudulent activities, strengthen consumer protection laws, and provide legal solutions for fraud victims. With a comprehensive and coordinated approach, it is expected to reduce fraud cases in online loan services and increase public trust in this industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the role of people's credit banks (BPRs), a predominant form of microfinance in Indonesia, in mitigating poverty. Using panel data from 31 provinces in Indonesia, this study employs static panel and panel models with instrument variables. Our findings substantiate that BPR credit significantly contributes to poverty reduction across various indices, including headcount poverty, poverty gap, and poverty severity measures. The empirical results offer valuable insights into the efficacy of targeted microfinance as a potent tool for poverty alleviation in developing economies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper discusses the theoretical influence of key audit matter and audit quality. This paper discusses a literature study method approach to explore the possible impact of key audit matters (KAMs) and audit quality. In particular, the authors believe implementing key audit matters can largely affect audit risk, going concern evaluation and audit response procedures, which in the end can influence on audit quality. Implementation of key audit matters in Indonesia began in 2022, audit firms are strongly advised to prepare better audit working papers and mitigate audit risks. This can help them consider matters that require the auditor's significant attention, which in turn is hoped can increase the flexibility and effectiveness of communication between auditees and auditors. In addition, the author recommends that regulators or audit oversight boards require the application of boards to apply key audit matters to all audit work, not just mandatory for listed companies. It is hoped that this rule will help audit companies work more carefully in dealing with audit risks, which appear to be positively related to audit quality. As far as the author knows, limited educational study has explored the possible influence of key audit matters (KAMs) on audit quality in Indonesia. Therefore, this paper reduces the research gap in the audit literature. On the other hand, this paper can be used as a foundation for developing research instruments (e.g., questionnaires, interviews, or content analysis) to grant empirical evidence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper explores the evolution and potential of halal-based maritime tourism in Indonesia within the context of the country's maritime vision and regional dynamics in Southeast Asia. Despite facing challenges such as the COVID-19 pandemic and the need for regional stability, Indonesia has pursued a strategic approach to develop halal tourism, aiming to attract Muslim travelers while preserving its cultural identity and natural heritage. Through infrastructure development, promotion, training, and cultural preservation efforts, the Indonesian government has sought to create a welcoming and inclusive environment for tourists, particularly in Muslim-majority region like Lombok. By aligning its maritime vision with regional frameworks such as the ASEAN Outlook on the Indo-Pacific and initiatives like the sea highway project, Indonesia aims to leverage its maritime assets to drive economic growth and empowerment, both locally and nationally. This paper highlights the importance of collaboration between governments, local communities, and stakeholders in realizing the full potential of halal maritime tourism and fostering sustainable development across Indonesia's diverse archipelago. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The research aims to analyze the influence factors of small-medium enterprises in their switching intention from banking loans to P2P lending loans from the perspective of the push–pull mooring model. The self-administered questionnaire is used to collect the data. Hence, PLS-SEM is used to analyze the collected data. The result showed that the push factors, regret, and dissatisfaction directly influence the switching intention, while the pull factors, perceived usefulness, and alternative attractiveness are the main factors of SMEs to switch to P2P lending. Even though, the perceived ease of use failed to influence the switching intention. Hence, from the mooring factors, consumer innovativeness influences the switching intention. Although, the switching cost as mooring factors moderates the dissatisfaction and alternative attractiveness. Further discussion is available in this paper. Number of studies have been conducted relating to the switching intention of P2P lending in Indonesia. However, the study concerning SMEs switching intention in P2P lending is rare. The paper contributes to the gap of literature on the switching of SMEs from bank to P2P lending. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This paper investigated whether a bank's popularity and depositors' fear of Google search volume could affect bank deposits and credit. Design/methodology/approach: The authors used two different quarterly data from Google Trends and banking data from 2012 Q1 to 2020 Q1. Based on available data, Google Trends data start from 2012. The authors exclude data after 2020 Q1 because the Covid-19 pandemic arguably increased the volume of Internet users due to shifting behavior to online activities. They merged and cleaned the data by winsorizing at 5 and 95 percentiles to avoid any outlier problems, reaching 74 banks in the sample. They used panel data estimation of quarterly data following Levy-Yeyati et al. (2010) and Trinugroho et al. (2020). Findings: The results show that a higher search volume of a bank's name leads to higher deposits. A higher search volume of depositor fear reduces deposits and credit. The authors also found that banks with high risk and a high search volume of their name have a significantly lower volume of deposits. Originality/value: To the best of the authors' knowledge, not many papers in banking and finance have used Google Trends data to gauge related issues regarding depositors' behavior. The authors have filled a gap in the literature by investigating whether the popularity of Google search and depositors' fear could impact deposits and credit. This study also attempted to establish whether Google Trends data could be a reliable source of information to predict depositors' behavior by using a Zscore to measure bank risk. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This paper aims to examine the extent of ethical values information disclosure on the top 100 Malaysian and Indonesian companies' annual reports using coercive isomorphism under the institutional theory. Design/methodology/approach: Using the content analysis, the presence or exclusion of ethical values information disclosed on 100 Malaysian and Indonesian companies' annual reports using a newly developed Ethical Values Disclosure Index is carried out. Findings: The results of the analysis found that Indonesian companies on average disclosed 31 items under study compared to 27 items disclosed by the companies in Malaysia. The results suggest that Indonesian companies are more vigilant in the code of ethics, companies policy on ethical issues, monitoring program and accountability, ethical performance, ethical infrastructure and organizational responsibility aspects, whereas their Malaysian counterparts are better in reporting governance and integrity committee or board of directors. Research limitations/implications: The findings may not be applicable to other countries in the same region, nevertheless, revealed the importance of adequate ethical values disclosure in determining the level of ethical behavior. Practical implications: Companies in Indonesia are coercively pressed by various influential stakeholder groups to address ethical issues. The less disclosure regarding corporate ethical behavior may indicate that unethical practices continue to be a problem in the Malaysian corporate sector. Originality/value: This paper adds to the literature by examining the elements of ethical values adapted mainly from the professional bodies that regulate the accounting profession and other organizations using the institutional theory, particularly in two countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

At the beginning of the 2000s, Indonesia, a developing country with one of the largest populations in the world, instituted a series of reforms in its education practices; one of them was the decentralization policy. A part of this policy was education internationalization through the inclusion and enforcement of the international-standard schools pilot project known as Rintisan Sekolah Bertaraf International (RSBI) project. Nevertheless, the government discontinued the initiative in 2013 as a result of some disapproval of its implementation. This paper aims to address how the RSBI project diverged from social justice values in a democratic society. By analysing the influence of globalization on educational policies and their implications, it elaborates on how the project led to an increase in social inequality and contributed to the loss of national identity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In 2022, Indonesian influencers have been accused of false advertising in promoting binary option applications through social media platforms such as Instagram and TikTok. Influencers use various promotional methods to promote brands, one of which is uploading content through social media platforms to be marketed to their followers. However, online advertising and consumer protection are subject to various legal issues that influencers must navigate to ensure compliance with relevant laws and regulations. Influencers must ensure that their advertisements are honest and undisputed. Influencers must ensure that the uploaded content is truthful and not misleading, and must be able to support any claims made in their content. Failure to do so may result in legal action from consumer protection commissions or government agencies including law enforcement officials. In this paper, a legal understanding of the process of using influencers can introduce legal requirements for influencers to comply with related regulations, official guidelines, and influencer agreements. Such explicit and/ or implicit provisions to be fulfilled in the influencer agreement for example representations and warranties for the authenticity of the content created by influencers. In this paper, this study will use a systematic method to solve research problems through qualitative method and data collection using a statutory approach, a conceptual approach, interpretation of the data collected, and drawing conclusions about the research data. The data in this paper analyzes legal issues regarding influencer responsibilities in digital marketing and consumer protection laws, oversight from regulatory bodies and law enforcement officials in supervising social media endorsements, and mandatory clauses in influencer agreements. The study highlights that while influencer marketing drives substantial economic activity, it also poses various legal challenges that must be addressed to protect consumer rights and maintain market integrity. Key legal issues shall include the need for clear disclosure of sponsored content and protection against misleading advertisements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

On October 5, 2020, President Joko Widodo (Jokowi) passed Law no. 11/2020 on Job Creation (Job Creation Law/JCL) designed to improve Indonesia's private investment climate. The law changed various legal landscapes that were identified as obstacles to accelerated development and economic growth. However, the Law has sparked widespread protests because it can potentially encourage environmental damage, exacerbate workers' vulnerability and increase socioeconomic inequality. Describing JCL as a neoliberal legality project, this paper explores the elected executive's role in mobilizing authoritarian state practices through disciplinary measures that undermine democratic accountabilities. It is argued that the configuration between the pre-existing illiberal democracy and Jokowi's autocratic tendencies offers predatory business alliances an adequate legal and institutional platform to formulate a neoliberal legal breakthrough while eliminating resistance to them. Through a socio-legal analysis of the three areas targeted by the JCL amendments, we further argue that Jokowi's success in advocating for his preferred neoliberal agenda hinges on what is called an executive aggrandizement strategy. This is characterized by interventions designed to safeguard the neoliberal legality preferences promoted by the elected executive from the disruption of meaningful checks and balances in the future, thereby deepening the features of authoritarian statecraft. This paper contributes to an advanced understanding of the bleak picture of Indonesian democracy over the past few years by proposing neoliberal legality as one of the ingrained legal characteristics of Jokowi's authoritarian regime. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: Work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WRMSDs) and ergonomic risk factors are very common in bakery workers. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study is to (1) assess the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders among bakers because they use automated machines or traditional baking, and (2) to determine the strategies to prevent musculoskeletal disorders in bakers. METHODS: A systematic review of PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science was conducted from the beginning to February 4, 2022, based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Mesh keywords and phrases were used to execute the search strategy. Information on MSDs and ergonomic risk factors in bakery workers was collected. Two reviewers worked independently on study selection, data extraction, and paper quality ranking. RESULTS: This study identified 14 papers from seven countries. Although the prevalence of MSDs in bakery workers has been studied, only a handful of them have been studied ergonomic risk factors, and the findings have been very limited. The association between different risk factors and MSDs seemed significant compared to many other occupational diseases. The traditional bread-baking system and lack of mechanization may increase the risk of MSDs in bakery workers. CONCLUSION: WRMSDs for bakery workers have been less studied than other occupational diseases. Our systematic review found several significant relations between the factors influencing the prevalence of MSDs. This study also showed the comparison of traditional and modern cooking systems with diseases of the upper limbs, shoulders, and back pain as possible fields for future research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Knowledge of medicinal plant species is necessary to preserve medicinal plants and safeguard biodiversity. The classification and identification of these plants by botanist experts are complex and time-consuming activities. This systematic review's main objective is to systematically assess the prior research efforts on the applications and usage of deep learning approaches in classifying and recognizing medicinal plant species. Our objective was to pinpoint systematic reviews following the PRISMA guidelines related to the classification and recognition of medicinal plant species through the utilization of deep learning techniques. This review encompassed studies published between January 2018 and December 2022. Initially, we identified 1644 studies through title, keyword, and abstract screening. After applying our eligibility criteria, we selected 31 studies for a thorough and critical review. The main findings of this reviews are (1) the selected studies were carried out in 16 different countries, and India leads in paper contributions with 29%, followed by Indonesia and Sri Lanka. (2) A private dataset has been used in 67.7% of the studies subjected to image augmentation and preprocessing techniques. (3) In 96.7% of the studies, researchers have employed plant leaf organs, with 74% of them utilizing leaf shapes for the classification and recognition of medicinal plant species. (4) Transfer learning with the pre-trained model was used in 83.8% of the studies as a future extraction technique. (5) Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) is used by 64.5% of the paper as a deep learning classifier. (6) The lack of a globally available and public dataset need for medicinal plants indigenous to a specific country and the trustworthiness of the deep learning approach for the classification and recognition of medicinal plants is an observable research gap in this literature review. Therefore, further investigations and collaboration between different stakeholders are required to fulfilling the aforementioned research gaps. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to analyze the regulations related to protecting the architecture of the traditional house in Indonesia and the challenges in related regulations. To achieve these goals, the research uses a normative legal writing method with descriptive-analytical specifications. Firstly, the findings reveal that traditional houses are part of traditional cultural expressions (TCE). Indonesia protects architectural works and TCE in the same intellectual property regime, namely copyright. Therefore, this paper examines the protection of traditional house architecture from the perspective of Copyright law, the Law on the Advancement of Culture, and the TCE Bill. The abovementioned regulations state that the architecture is a protected object unless the TCE Bill is. Second, there are some challenges, such as 1) the priority of the TCE Bill after the change of president; 2) song and music get more benefit from copyright protection rather than the other objects in the copyright regime and no implementing regulation on architecture; and 3) the TCE data collection/inventory is still not optimal yet. Therefore, Indonesia needs to think more seriously about adequate and applicable legal protection for traditional house architecture and other TCEs. The central government should encourage regional governments and related parties to continue data collection and registration of various TCEs in each region to increase the number of registered TCEs. The central government should provide a target number of registered TCEs for the local government. If the target is met, the central government will give a reward so that the local government and related parties will be more enthusiastic about collecting data and registering the TCE with DJKI. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A constitutional deferral is an approach utilised by constitutional drafters so that the drafters do not regulate things in detail in the constitution. This approach is believed to provide more opportunity for the constitutional framers to achieve consensus in drafting a constitution. In the end, this helps a constitution last longer. Constitutional deferral also offers some flexibility for the legislative and the judiciary in interpreting the text of the constitution in the future, which may accommodate the original intentions of the constitutional drafters. This paper argues the opposite. In Indonesia, adopting constitutional deferral causes an uncertain future of freedom of association. This paper aims to address two central questions. First, why did the framers of the first constitution adopt constitutional deferral in drafting provisions on freedom of association? Second, what are the consequences of implementing constitutional deferral toward freedom of association in Indonesia? Through historical and doctrinal approaches, the paper concludes (1) that the sharp ideological differences among constitutional drafters when drafting provisions on freedom of association forced them to employ constitutional deferral. (2) The use of constitutional deferral opens more possibilities for inconsistent interpretation by the executive, the lawmakers, and the judiciary when they establish law or adjudicated cases related to freedom of association. Through constitutional deferral, these three branches of government limit freedom of association instead of protecting such freedom. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This paper explores the reasons why Indonesia must have legal regulations to provide protection and guarantees for health workers in carrying out the profession in overcoming corona virus disease (COVID-19). This paper also explains the legal regulations as the foundation for today's medical workers' protection. This paper also aims at providing an ideal legal construction that safeguards the rights and obligations of health workers in overcoming COVID-19. Design/methodology/approach: In this paper, the author used qualitative research methods with a socio-legal approach. The data were obtained through literature study and analysis of laws and regulations through the socio-legal method. Findings: Various challenges and professional risks taken by health workers in dealing with COVID-19 derive from several factors, such as shortage of personal protective equipment, ineffective implementation of informed consent from the patients and the negative stigma spreading in the community. Moreover, the current legal regulation has not particularly modulated the protection of health workers, relying only on available articles that are actually irrelevant to be applied in the COVID-19 pandemic. Research limitations/implications: This research is focused on problems faced by health workers in combating COVID-19 and law concessions to ensure their protection. Practical implications: The final results of this research will be useful for The House of Representatives (DPR), the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia (Kemenkes RI) and the Indonesian Medical Association (IDI) in establishing legal and regulatory construction for the protection of health workers in tackling COVID-19. Social implications: This research aims at strengthening legal protections for the health workers so that their rights and obligations are well guaranteed. Originality/value: This paper proposes an ideal legal construction for the protection of health workers during the COVID-19 pandemic, which is currently still not specifically and rigidly regulated, to realize a guaranteed and sustainable life for health workers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Novel combinations of global conditions, issues under investigation and research alliances require constant reassessment of how to conduct cross‐cultural research. Here we recount an exploratory investigation considering cross‐cultural research between Australian and Indonesian researchers. This paper sets out a range of considerations for practitioners of cross‐cultural research between our two countries. This investigation supports intentions to develop trans‐disciplinary climate change adaptation research but is applicable across multiple research topics and disciplines. We engaged a small multi‐disciplinary mix of researchers, from both countries, conducted two initial focus groups, and subsequently involved participants in drafting of this paper as an exploration of how being cross cultural could manifest. We highlight that cross‐cultural collaborations occur in environments of both cultural differences and power differences. Four main strategies emerged for dealing with the challenges (or opportunities): working respectfully, being reflective of cross‐cultural research practice, being flexible, and learning about culture. Overarching these strategies, we found cross‐cultural research requires considerable extra (long term) effort to tackle and that this is sustained by researchers' intrinsic motives to care for people and place, making this type of research a distinctive labour of love. Finally, we found similarities between cross‐cultural research and climate change adaptation research (even when conducted within one country) where both endeavours call for boundaries of places, cultures and disciplines to be crossed in order to effectively engage with complex topics and environments. Negotiating the liminalities here often defies set formulas and requires a willingness to engage with and 'muddle through' the messiness. Our findings will be of value to those undertaking cross‐cultural research across a wide range of issues. This paper addresses research collaboration between Australia and Indonesia and considers challenges and strategies for working at the intersection of cross cultural research collaboration and climate chance adaptation science. Analysis of focus group data from a multi‐disciplinary mix of researchers from these two countries highlighted four strategies for dealing with challenges: working respectfully, being reflective of cross‐cultural research practice, being flexible, and learning about culture. Overarching these strategies, we found cross‐cultural research requires extra effort and that this is sustained by a researcher's intrinsic motivations of care for people and place – a labour of love. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper focuses on the utilization of sea mineral resources in areas within national jurisdiction and in the international seabed area (hereafter known as the Area). It discusses Indonesian laws relevant to seabed mining and the need for such laws to take into consideration the maritime zones and activities in the Area, as stipulated by UNCLOS 1982. This paper begins with the identification of potential sea minerals both within national jurisdiction and in the Area. Next, it analyzes the international legal framework on seabed mining, including a discussion on the meaning of "legitimate interests of coastal States" and on the participation of developing states in the Area, as stipulated in Article 142 and 148 of UNCLOS 1982. Then, the national legal framework relating to seabed mining is discussed. Using the juridical-normative method, this paper finds that Indonesia does not currently have comprehensive national regulations covering seabed mining within its jurisdiction and in the Area. Although there is a presidential decree on the exploitation of sea sand, it is limited to institutional arrangements and only focuses on sea sand. Thus, this paper recommends the formulation of national regulations regarding the use of the seabed, both within and beyond national jurisdiction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The primary purpose of this exploratory paper is to propose a novel analytical framework for examining corruption from a behavioral perspective by highlighting multiple issues associated with quantification culture. Design/methodology/approach: This paper is part of the author's exploratory study into the complex corruption phenomenon in Indonesia from a variety of viewpoints to obtain a better understanding of its nature and dynamics. By building on previous literature on quantification culture, audit culture and the corruption phenomenon, this paper explores the different issues related to overreliance on numbers and how they may have led to increased corruption, particularly in Indonesia. Using the Fraud Decision Scale framework, this paper also demonstrates how the quantification culture affects the cost-benefit analysis of corruption offenders. To develop the best anticorruption strategy and lay the groundwork for future anticorruption studies, this paper presents a fresh perspective on how to analyze and evaluate the corruption issue. Findings: The author established that despite the benefits that quantification practices – such as indicators, scores, ratings and rankings – bring to societies and organizations, there is evidence that these practices can have unfavorable effects when used excessively or incorrectly. One of the adverse effects of quantification practices is over-quantification, which manifests as various inappropriate behaviors, including an excessive desire to acquire riches and material belongings. Additionally, the worship of ranks and status derived from quantitative evaluation processes has led many people to prioritize short-term objectives above long-term improvements. Eventually, these will cause organizations to lose productivity and make them susceptible to fraud and corruption. Future studies are needed to determine the most effective approach for mitigating over-quantification issues. In this exploratory paper, the author proposes balancing quantitative practices with qualitative knowledge to gradually alter people's behavior by broadening their perspectives in perceiving various phenomena in the world, not only by describing and explaining them but also by comprehending their underlying meanings. Research limitations/implications: This exploratory study is self-funded and relies primarily on documentary analysis to explore the corruption phenomenon in Indonesia. Future studies will benefit from in-depth interviews with former corruption offenders and investigators. Practical implications: This exploratory paper contributes to the development of a sound corruption prevention approach by presenting a novel analytical framework for examining various behavioral problems linked with quantification culture that may lead to the escalation of corruption. Originality/value: This study emphasizes the significance of understanding the structure and dynamics of quantification culture and their negative behavioral impacts on people to comprehend the corruption phenomenon better. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years, community microgrids have expanded their power systems with many aims. One of the most important goals of microgrids is to increase resiliency. The main objective of this paper is to develop effective planning tools for community microgrids within electrical distribution networks, with a specific focus on ensuring the provision of critical loads during natural disasters. Additionally, this paper emphasized emphasises long-term planning considerations by using DIgSILENT 15.2 tools. The primary goal of this issue is to create the best planning tools for community microgrids in order to increase the network's resilience to natural disasters, with a focus on important loads like hospitals and hotels. Also, the second goal is an optimization that seeks to reduce overall expenses. Finally, we'll talk about how to get two results: one is to choose a few microgrid-based loads to link to the electrical distribution network, and the other is to show that each microgrid has the power needed to support both its local loads and the system's vital loads in the event of a natural disaster. In this paper, the use of community microgrids for energy access against natural disasters in Indonesia is investigated by considering the case study of microgrids on Lombok Island. The study results, using the proposed framework, show that the presence of a microgrid structure in the distribution network expansion planning helps to improve operating conditions and supply critical loads in natural disasters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper delves into Indonesia's pivotal leadership role as the Chair of ASEAN in 2023, with a specific focus on its engagement with two paramount and pressing regional challenges: the Myanmar crisis and the South China Sea conflict. It illuminates Indonesia's approach, outcomes and explores the broader implications of its leadership within the context of ASEAN. The primary objective of this manuscript is to meticulously examine Indonesia's strategies and initiatives in effectively addressing these pivotal regional challenges during its tenure as the ASEAN Chair. It systematically explores Indonesia's capacity to navigate divisions among ASEAN member-states, effectively engage with non-cooperative actors, and uphold ASEAN's principles of neutrality and centrality. The results of this paper illuminate Indonesia's multifaceted role in tackling the Myanmar crisis, underscoring its diplomatic acumen, principled stance, and the formidable challenges it confronts. Likewise, in the context of the South China Sea conflict, this research critically evaluates Indonesia's leadership in facilitating dialogue, championing a code of conduct, and emphasizing the imperative of adherence to international law. The paper concludes by underscoring the pivotal importance of Indonesia's leadership in building the future stability of Southeast Asia. It accentuates Indonesia's balance between diplomatic engagement, principled leadership, and fidelity to ASEAN's guiding principles. This paper contributes significantly to the ongoing discourse surrounding ASEAN's intricate political and security dynamics and spotlights Indonesia's central position within this influential organization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper discusses the formal and symbolic aesthetic meaning of the Al Jabbar Grand Mosque, a new mosque in Bandung, Indonesia, designed by Ridwan Kamil. Like Ridwan Kamil's previous works, the Al Jabbar mosque in Bandung has a contemporary design. The general concept of the architect in designing this mosque has been published in the mass media, and the public already knows the design idea of the mosque. However, there are still features within the mosque that need to be described and analyzed so that the general public can understand the architect's intention. This paper proposes answers through interpretation methods with a descriptive analysis approach to understand the symbolic meaning of the new features of the mosque. The symbolic aesthetic used in the analysis uses symbolic aesthetics from the culture of the Sundanese people, one of the ethnic groups in Indonesia, which is geographically the cultural background where the mosque was built. The analysis found that the meaning the mosque forms, apart from having a bond of meaning with the mosque, also has a bond of meaning with the local culture. The architect made it differently with the spirit of novelty to enrich Islamic architecture and design treasures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic has transformed the educational landscape in a way unseen before. Educational institutions are navigating between offline and online learning worldwide. Computer-based testing is rapidly taking over paper-and-pencil testing as the dominant mode of assessment. In some settings, computer-based and paper-and-pencil assessments can also be offered side-by-side, in which case test developers should ensure the evidence of equivalence between both versions. This study aims to establish the equivalency evidence of different delivery modes of the English Competency Test, an English language assessment for civil service officers developed and used by the Human Resources Development Education and Training Center, a civil service training institution under the Ministry of Finance of the Republic of Indonesia. Psychometric analyses were carried out with the Rasch model to measure the unidimensionality, reliability, separation, and standard error of measurement estimates. The findings demonstrate that the paper-and-pencil and computer-based versions of the language assessment exhibit comparatively equivalent psychometric properties. The computer-based version of the English Competency Test is proven to offer a reliable and comparable alternative to the paper-and-pencil version. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Indonesia as the largest CPO producing country in the world has more than 850 palm oil mills that directly require a good maintenance system to ensure the smooth processing process. PT. TCM is one of the suppliers engaged in the palm oil industry. This paper discusses the marketing strategy used by PT. TCM, the potential and opportunities that arise to increase revenue and adding value to the company. The purpose of this paper is to provide input on changes in company strategy and can also be used by other players in the palm oil processing industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The impossible trinity suggests that an economy cannot simultaneously achieve a fixed exchange rate, high capital mobility, and independent monetary policy without abandoning one of these. However, This paper looks at Indonesia's experiences from the 2009 QE and the 2013 taper tantrum, considering why Indonesian policy-makers were unable to use policies as per the trilemma, and the policy implications of this. There are three possible reasons why Indonesia found it difficult to implement this trilemma policy choice: differing monetary policy objectives, volatile floating exchange rates, and balance sheet effects. The commodity supercycle also plays an exogenous role, unable to be overcome by monetary or exchange rate policy while at the same time impacting fiscal policy, income redistribution, trade balance, and the exchange rate. Overall, this paper argues that monetary policy on its own is likely to be insufficient to manage the economy adequately. Other levers and factors, such as macroprudential policy, fiscal policy, capital flow management, and institutional quality, are critical to make the policy choices more effective. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]