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Objective. To study the agronomic behavior when grazing outstanding materials of Tithonia diversifolia, this research was carried out for three years (2016, 2017 and 2018). Material and methods. The experiment was designed and processed using a randomized block design with four repetitions, where the treatments were four outstanding Tithonia diversifolia materials called: IcaCuba Oc-10, IcaCuba Oc-23, IcaCuba Oc-24 and IcaCuba Oc-25 associated with Cynodon dactylon. The research was carried out without fertilization or irrigation. Results. The information analyzed corresponds to the rainy, dry and total periods. In the rainy season, the Oc-25 material reached higher height and lower leaf yield, Oc-23 has a lower number of regrowth and lower height of the grass lawn. Grass yield was lower for Oc-23 and Oc-25 materials, with less presence of the species for Oc-25. The lowest height of the tithonia plant was for Oc-24 without differing from Oc-10 and Oc-23, but with higher leaf yield. The height of the grass lawn reached its highest value for Oc-10 and the highest presence of the species. In the dry season Oc-24 had lower height and Oc-25 higher. The highest yield of tithonia leaf was for Oc-24 and Oc-25, with lower grass yield and presence for the Oc-25 material. The highest yield was obtained in Oc-10, followed by Oc-24 and the highest presence of the grass was in Oc-10 and Oc-23. The height of the grass grass presented the highest values for Oc-10 and Oc-24 and the lowest for Oc-23. In the annual accumulated, the lowest leaf production was in the material Oc-25. While the highest grass yield was found for Oc-10 followed by Oc-24. Conclusions. All the tithonia materials evaluated under grazing (IcaCuba Oc-10, IcaCuba Oc-23, IcaCuba Oc-24 and IcaCuba Oc-25) had an integrally good behavior, as well as stability of the tithonia-grass system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A study on the behavior of five lines of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.), from the Dry Areas Research Institute (ICARDA), (Syrian Arab Republic), for Los Palacios´s municipality conditions was carried out. Sowing was done in December of 2008. A randomized block experimental design with three replications using three cuban varieties as control treatments was employed. The plant height (cm), number of branches/plant, number of sheaths/plant, filled and empty sheaths/plant, 100-grain weight (g), crop yield (t.ha-1) and disease incidence (%) were evaluated. The obtained values were analyzed using a simple ANOVA and means were compared by Tukey's test. The results indicated that all lines responded to the edaphoclimatic conditions of the site. Nevertheless, lines 1 and 3 showed the best behavior in all evaluated characters even the yield, which exceeded 2 t.ha-1. Also they were highly resistant to disease caused by Fusarium sp. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main characteristics of the Flor de Jamaica (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) are described as well as the evaluation period and evaluation way. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Were evaluated 46 varieties at two locations in the central region of the country in two types of soil, plant cane between 13 and 19 months during the months of November 2010 to May 2011 in the variables t cane / ha,% pol t cane / ha. Three stages were established harvest; cultivars were grouped into families according to their sugar behavior, defining moments of harvest and groups of families of varieties in each harvest period. One Discriminant Factorial Analysis was performed, the qualitative variable used in the first case being the so-called time and the second group of the cultivars. Obtained results allowed the discriminant group the harvest time and the families of varieties for each harvest period with higher percentages of good classification to 75%. The Complete Model confirmed the existence of genotype - environment interaction and quantified a high contribution of the environment, mostly attributed to the towns and the experimental error for cane and pol t / ha, while for the sugar content was the time of harvest. The Reduced Model offered that for t cane / ha Moment in one and three, the variance of genotype - environment interaction was higher than ambient. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The research was conducted on a fairly soft Brown soil washing vignas varieties (‘IPA 206', ‘IPA 207' and ‘Guariba') recently introduced in our country. Its main objective is to characterize varieties under our climatic conditions. Having as main results achieved include in the record as the characterization of varieties developed by our institute using two seasons, the indeterminate growth habit with pods distributed throughout the plant stands in the varieties ‘IPA 206' and ‘IPA 207', while the ‘Guariba' is determined by finding these distributed over the plant, as regards the yield, the variety ‘IPA 207 ‘is higher than that obtained by ‘PA 206' and ‘Guariba', the weight of 1000 seed varieties ‘Guariba' and ‘IPA 206' are greater than the weight of the ‘IPA 207', the variety ‘Guariba' is economically more profitable than the ‘IPA 206' and ‘IPA 207' by employing a number crop much lower than those above. It can be sown during all seasons, but it is best in cold weather to obtain seed and summer to produce where it is more productive and can replace the common bean. Tolerate water stress and high rainfall regime, except at harvest and does not allow puddling. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The genetic variability in maize (Zea mays, L.) is due to the same mechanisms operating in populations of organisms in the evolutionary process, both spontaneously and under domestication ways, as well as to the numerous ecological niches and the environmental effects that each climatic condition has on the populations during their adaptation. However, the experiences of the programs of plant breeding developed by farmers in this crop have been little documented. The present work shows evidences about the advantages of a program of plant breeding developed in Cuba, to obtain populations of maize adapted to the low inputs conditions in Batabanó, Mayabeque province. The morphological evaluation showed that it was characterized by high plants, with shafts of medium grosor, leaves of half width and a tendency to have from 1 to 2 ears. They had a good coverage; were long and thin in a conical-cylindrical way, with few willing arrays lightly in hairspring and grains numerous semidents of color orange. It was found that the quantitative characters of grain and cob were in which bigger selection pressure was exerted by, influencing in the determination of the characteristic morphologicals of final population. This characterization coincided with the genetic patterns of the Canilla type. The major results in the yield of poblation «RAUL» with respect to control, should validate the selection made by the farmer, being an indicator of the advantages of the processes of participatory plant breeding in allogamous plants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Developing new potato varieties with a higher tuber quality is at present, the most important challenge to the cuban breeding program. On this sense, it is necessary to make an exhaustive evaluation to the main characters that can be affect this relevant attribute. So, the objective of this work was focusing to carry out an evaluation to a several potato varieties, representative from the cuban potato germplasm, for tuber quality properties to be used as parents in the potato breeding program. Seventy potato cultivated accessions from the cuban germplasm bank were used. Several quality tuber characters were evaluated: specific gravity, dry matter, reduced sugar, starch, tuber average weight, equatorial and long tuber diameter and sensorial evaluation. Media, standard deviation, minimum and maximum values and coefficient of variation were estimated. A Principal Components Analyses, by means a biplot representation, to known accessions clusters and selects it according its behaviour for tuber quality was used. A good behaviour for tuber quality were found in the collection (22,9 %). Values of dry matter content and starch content were higher to 19 and 12 %, respectively and sugar reducer content was very low (> 0,5 %). All the varieties could be used as parent in a breeding program to obtain new varieties for industrial processing or directly on the different production systems. Atlantic, Bellini, Cal White, Derby, Maranca, Romano, Santana and Slaney and the new cubans clons; 1-10-96, 2-31-95, 4-6-93 and 9-32-93 were the most remarkable genotypes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Ciencia en su PC is the property of Instituto de Informacion Cientifica y Tecnologica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The release of new sugarcane varieties to the commercial areas is an objective necessity to enhance a more efficient productive process. Since the sugar industry reorganization, Villa Clara County will plant at about 94 757.1 ha. Some 20 566 ha of them behold drainage problems, so it is necessary to continue with the breeding program which started in1985; due to that program the variety C89-246 was released for superhumid soils conditions (vertisoils) with spring planting season, becoming resistant to the main diseases and pests reported in the country, being equal or surpassing in the main sugar and agriculture indicators those varieties used as control such as C85-212; C86-503; SP70-1284. Which will make possible to plant at about 20 566 ha the 4 sugar mills sited in these soils, due to the experience of Villa Clara with these varieties, they are also being planted in Sancti Spiritus, Cienfuegos, Ciego de Avila, Holguín and Camaguey counties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Se evaluó el control del espartillo (Sporobolus indicus) mediante la renovación de un pastizal mejorado en estado de degradación, con 50 % de espartillo y 20 % de guinea, a partir de la utilización de variedades del género Panicum. Los tratamientos fueron: siembra de guinea Likoni, Común, Mombaza, Tanzania y rotura sin siembra. Se caracterizó el comportamiento de los tratamientos mediante análisis univariado y multivariado. Se constató que las variedades Likoni y Mombaza ejercieron mejor control del espartillo. A medida que se incrementó la dominancia de guinea, tanto en la variedad Likoni como en Mombaza, fue menor la densidad poblacional de espartillo. La disponibilidad de biomasa tuvo un comportamiento similar en ambas, con relación a la dominancia de esta arvense. El porcentaje de guinea fue superior a 60 %, incluso en la rotura sin siembra, con respecto al muestreo inicial de la vegetación. No obstante, el mayor porcentaje del pasto mejorado se encontró en Likoni y Mombaza. Las variedades Tanzania y Común ejercieron menos control del espartillo, o muy similar a la rotura sin siembra. Se concluye que los cultivares Likoni y Mombaza ejercieron mayor control del espartillo. El análisis multivariado permitió establecer la relación entre variables, y explicar integralmente los resultados de la renovación. Se recomienda la utilización de las variedades Likoni y Mombaza, como alternativa para el control del espartillo en pastizales mejorados en estado de degradación. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years, the quality of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam) production has been affected in several municipalities in the country because of the damage caused by Typophorus nigritus. Promising and commercial clones are evaluated for the presence of the pest. Evaluations consisted in determining the distribution percentage and damage percentage of infestation, total and commercial yield, harvest losses and their valuation in weight. Data were statistically analyzed using variance analysis of simple classification and mean multiple comparisons according Tukey in case of continuous variables. The nonparametric model Kruskal- Wallis with subsequent application of comparison techniques of range means were applied to those variable showing percentages. 'INIVIT B 98-3' and 'INIVIT B 2005' were, among the commercial clones, the most tolerant to the insect. These clones presented yield losses of 12,16% and 24,94% respectively compared with 'Avileño # 3' clone which was the most affected (79,82%) during the summer season. Similar situation occurred in the winter season when 'INIVIT 98-3' suffered no losses. For 'INIVIT B 2005' and 'Avileño # 3' clones, yield losses accounted for 7,98 and 50% respectively. Finally, an estimate of the economic significance of the loss level per clone was made. In this case and in spite of the lower total planted area in the summer season, losses reached values of $ 45 624.20 pesos. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Vegetable crops are among the main priorities to urban agriculture, garden bean standing out of them, which is in great demand by our people in Cuba; however, Vigna sesquipedalis is the favorite species for consumption that is seeded just over spring-summer months. Besides, there is another well-adapted species to our climatic conditions pertaining to Phaseolus vulgaris L. which is very important, since it can be either released for fresh consumption or processed for industrial use in winter months. As there is little knowledge of the species in Cuba, this investigation was aimed to carry out a study on the phenological phases and crop cycle in a group of garden bean varieties from Phaseolus vulgaris L. Six varieties were studied between 2005 and 2006, which were established in areas of the National Institute of Agricultural Sciences (INCA); 15 plants per each variety were selected and observed every three days, also analyzing yields per m2 as well as daily-accumulated temperature. According to the results, despite all are mid-cycle varieties, Bountiful and Tendergreen can be classified as the earliest varieties (45-48 days) whereas Liver and Verlili as the latest ones (59-60 days); therefore, the latter two presented a highly-accumulated temperature and the best yield results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cuban maize (Zea mays L.) races constitute a potential of high genetic value for Cuba and the Caribbean region. This work was aimed at characterizing Cuban races by means of agro-morphological markers in the national crop collection. Thus, 92 accessions from INIFAT's gene bank were planted; four commercial varieties out of them were used as check: Gíbara, Pajimaca, Victoria and Francisco Mejorado, besides employing an unreplicated design for two years. Then, 15 characters were measured on the ear and kernel, nine quantitative and six categorical ones, which were statistically processed through Ward-MLM (modified local model) strategy, using Gower's distance as a similarity measurement with SAS 9.0 statistical package. This study proved the presence of six races in the national collection: Criollo, Tusón, Canilla, Argentino, Amarillo Reventador and Dulce. Criollo is the best representative race all over the country and the greatest variability is recorded in the eastern region, where every race is situated except Dulce. The current characterization of this race status provides more information about Cuban maize germplasm. In addition, some elements are supplied to get a better knowledge on this crop that, at the same time, will support its preservation and an adequate use in the national and regional strategic context. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Knowing about maize origin and classification as well as the theories protecting crop evolutionary processes are subjects of great interest nowadays. This review presents an outlook of the most controversial theories in this regard and a debate on maize race classification in Cuba, as well as the role of landraces related to in situ diversity preservation and generation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Despite participatory varietal selection (PVS) as a concept is every time more widely implemented in different areas from Cuban agrarian sector, the existing information concerning its effectiveness is not yet enough; therefore, this work study was aimed to help improve information for the specific case of grain crop, taking kidney beans as a reference point, extensively grown by Cuban farmers. Consequently, in September 2004, a demonstrative plot with 46 bean varieties was seeded in "Osvaldo Sínchez" farmland, Güines, Havana. Some days before crop harvest, farmers were called to celebrate diversity fair and practice PVS. Results were compared with breeders' selection based on yield at selection pressures between 95 and 5 % of the total population presented in the fair, which was calculated from the total production weight of each variety. Among other aspects, in general, high percentages of selected varieties were recorded for their yield that were also selected by farmers for each selection pressure evaluated; such a coincidence, particularly analyzed by every farmer, achieved from mid to low values, so proving that they apply different criteria and show distinct preferences for one or another variety. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Participatory plant breeding (PPB) is a relatively new approach for germplasm development, which includes crop improvement and participatory varietal selection (PVS). In Cuba, PPB started on rice crop in 2001, based upon centralized PVS at the beginning; however, it was further participatory and decentralized. This work study was aimed at presenting the experiences gathered on rice crop, not only in some regions of Cuba but also over the world. In our country, diversity fairs constituted the best form for providing a quick and efficient varietal entry through non-specialized rice growers'participation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Ciencia en su PC is the property of Instituto de Informacion Cientifica y Tecnologica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Papaya (Carica papaya L.) is one of the most important and widely spread fruit trees in tropical and subtropical countries. Due to the monovarietal explotation of 'Maradol' cultivar in Cuba, this crop is submitted to serious risks. Thus, the introduction, characterization and maintenance of new cultivars in the germplasm of this species constitute a key factor to identify and obtain new genotypes. This work presents the behaviour of three papaya cultivars introduced in the fruit germplasm bank from the Research Institute of Tropical Fruit Crops. Results indicate that cultivars 'BH-65' and 'Baixinho de Santa Amalia' showed significant plant height differences compared to 'Sunset'. More than 100 leaves were emitted per year, which indicates a good genotypic adaptability to the contidions of this trial. Cultivars 'BH-65' and 'Baixinho de Santa Amalia' emitted the first flower at a lower plant height, a useful feature for productive purposes. In general, all papaya cultivars from Solo group had a favourable growth and vegetative development as well as an excellent productivity. It is a great advance to conduct further breeding programs to be used for commercial purposes. The mere introduction of new cultivars from 'Solo group' to the country could promote a crop production increment and therefore open future fruit market ways for exportation due to its trade success. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present paper was developed in the Centro Provincial de Capacitación, Experimentación and Extensión Agropecuaría La Colmena MINAGRI-CETAS, in the period which includes December 1999 to April 2000. This research studies the behaviour of common bean variety prospected in different municipalities of the province by means of the execution of a field experiment using a design of block at random evaluating the varieties of common beans (Phaselous vulgaris L.) Seven Nations (r), Cejita (r), American (n), CC-25-9 (n), CC-25-9 (b). The two latter ones were taking like samples of comparison with the goal of characterizing them in the conditions edafoclimatic in the province. The height of the plants, the phenology of the growing, the components of performance and final performance were evaluated. The varieties which were found by our farmers were premature (85 days) in relation to the varieties recognized as commercial ones. Considering the performance the variety of Seven Nations and Cejita showed high values but they were not exceeded by the variety CC-25-9 (n). Taking into account the conditions in which this research was developed, all the varieties obtained good economic results and it was also perceived the susceptibility of the variety Cejita to the attack of the Roya. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Over 2002-2003, 2003-2004 and 2004-2005 seasons, 288 cultivated accessions from the Cuban potato germplasm were studied at the National Institute of Agriculture Sciences. A morphoagronomic characterization for these accessions was conducted, including the following qualitative characters: tuber shape, tuber colour and eye depth as well as the quantitative ones as: yield per plant (t.ha-1), average tuber weight, tuber number per plant and stem height. Also, its behaviour versus A. solani and potato leaf roll virus (PLRV) was evaluated. The qualitative characters are presented by its percentage within the collection. With regard to the quantitative ones, the descriptive statistics as media, maximum and minimum values, standard deviation and coefficient of variation were determined. A main components analysis was performed to know the distribution of each species within the collection and its possible use in Cuban potato breeding program. A high variability was recorded among the cultivated species collection for the environmental conditions of Cuba; and the resistant sources for A. solani and PLRV. This work proved there is an extend gene pool in this collection, to be more efficiently used in Cuban potato breeding program. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The varietal selection performed by farmers based on their own criteria, known as participatory varietal selection (PVS), has become quite interesting within Cuban agricultural environment and all over the world, for its deep contribution to increase local diversity. However, due to its efficiency, there is not enough information about it. Therefore, the present paper was mainly conducted to study its efficiency specifically on potato crop. In December 2005, a demonstrative plot was planted with 73 commercial and noncommercial potato varieties at the areas from "Cultivos Varios" Enterprise, Batabanó, Havana. At harvest time, in March 2006, the breeders from INCA evaluated the following characters: commercial and noncommercial tuber number and total tuber weight to calculate yield per hectare. Also, some other characters as tolerance to Alternaria solani, damages by potato scab, tuber shape, color and appearance were taken into account. The selection was performed before harvest by 26 farmers from La Palma, Pinar del Río. In general, these results proved farmers' great capacity to combine several characters at the visual selection process, so that they can differentiate the best performing varieties among a group of them. Other results are shown in the paper related to different percentages of selected individuals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this work was to prove if by means of applying the methodology of participatory varietal selection and farmer experimentation in urban agriculture in San José de las Lajas, Havana province and Arroyo Naranjo, Havana City, it is possible to introduce, adopt and disseminate crop biodiversity in plantains and bananas (Musa spp) in plots and yards. Results showed the possibilities provided by participatory methodologies to introduce and adopt materials from a fruit agrobiodiversity fair and the material selection differences according to the selection approaches and peculiar contexts of each municipality. These results also offer the first specific evidences of this type of experiences under an urban environment and for this type of crop. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Over 2002-2003, 2003-2004 and 2004-2005 seasons, 63 wild species from the Cuban potato germplasm were studied at the National Institute of Agriculture Sciences. A morphoagronomic characterization of the species was conducted, including the following qualitative characters: tuber shape, tuber colour and eye depth as well as the quantitative ones as: yield per plant (t.ha-1), average tuber weight, tuber number per plant and stem height. Also, its behaviour versus A. solani and potato leaf roll virus (PLRV) was evaluated. The qualitative characters are presented by its percentage within the collection. With regard to the quantitative ones, the descriptive statistics as media, maximum and minimum values, standard deviation and coefficient of variation were determined. A main components analysis was performed to know the distribution of each species within the collection and its possible use in Cuban potato breeding program. A high variability was recorded among the wild species collection for the environmental conditions of Cuba, and the resistant sources for A. solani and PLRV. This work proved there is an extended gene pool in this collection, to be more efficiently used in Cuban potato breeding program. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An experiment was conducted at the National Institute of Agricultural Sciences (INCA), where a Triticum genus collection was evaluated, with the purpose to compare different wheat species under our western conditions. These were Triticum aestivum ssp aestivum, Triticum turgidum ssp. durum and X Triticum secale Wittmack. A randomized block design with four repetitions was used. The evaluated variables comprise: plant height (cm), spike length (cm), weight of 1000 grains (g) and yield (t.ha-1). For every variable studied, a descriptive statistics was used, estimating the mean and typical deviation per species. The Cuban variety CC-204 was used as control. Therefore, the data matrix obtained was processed by the Main Components technique. All experimental data were processed by SPSS 11.0 for Windows. Most genotypes showed a mean general performance, although some floury wheat and triticale genotypes stayed apart from the rest. The mean and standard deviation values for all variables showed no differences per species, however, hard wheat plants were the smallest ones, the best genotypes being: 12 and 54 from T. aestivum (floury wheat); 17, 18 and 25 from T. durum (hard wheat); 29 and 37 from X Triticum secale (triticale). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

During two seasons (2003-2004 and 2004-2005), from the end of October to March, the effect of applying liquid humus (HL) was evaluated on the biological, productive yields and fruit quality of tomato Amalia variety. With this aim, two experiments were carried out, totally randomized under a small farmer's production conditions from Havana province, consisting of an Eutric compacted Red Ferralitic soil, where studies of some of its physico-chemical properties were made, that offered the information of being a soil with adequate properties for a good crop development. The biological indicators evaluated are stem length and diameter, number of leaves and inflorescences, productive indicators (number and fruit weight per plant), indicators of external fruit quality (polar and equatorial diameters) and internal quality (acidity, SST, ºBrix, vitamin C, dry weight), agricultural yield (t.ha-1) and the economic analysis per each treatment. For 2004-2005 season, the infestation index as well as the social impact were evaluated based on fruit quality. Results show the sensitivity of this tomato variety before the biostimulating action of liquid humus, applied to leaves in two doses at intervals of 15 days and concentrations of 1 mL HL/30 mL and 1 mL HL/40 mL water, seven days after transplanting (ddt), increasing the biological, productive yields, quality and social impact, with productive stage reduction, under a small farmer's production conditions, they being economically feasible, mainly HL at 1/30 concentration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

En este trabajo se realiza un estudio del carbón vegetal que se produce en las diferentes zonas correspondientes a la Empresa Forestal "Gran Piedra-Baconao" de la provincia de Santiago de Cuba. Se realiza una caracterización del carbón vegetal que se produce por zonas determinándose contenido de humedad, volátiles, cenizas y carbono fijo entre otros, para un determinado rango de granulometría. Se analiza el comportamiento de la calidad del carbón vegetal en las diferentes zonas y se determina cuales zonas produce un carbón vegetal de buena calidad. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The research was carried out in two agro-ecosistem of the province Granma, locality Bueycito and Dorado in the soil Fluvisol and Brow sialitic respectively. With the objective to evaluate the morphological characteristics, in three varieties of black tobacco, "Havana 92", "Havana Vuelta Arriba" and "Havana 2000". The morphological characteristics of the plant height and diameter of the stem, distance of the internode, long and wide of the major leaf, leaf area and biomass to foliate and was calculation the relationship between the wide and long of the major leaf. The edaphoclimatic conditions of the locality have influence on the morphological characteristic with the major value in the locality of Bueycito (soil Fluvisol) the variety "Havana 2000" showed the major response. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A study with nine tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum, Mill) varieties was developed in Velasco locality, Holguín province for two years, in order to evaluate its agroproductive and phytosanitary behaviour. Trials were performed from February to May of 2001 and from December of 2001 to March of 2002, with the varieties INCA-9-1 and Campbell-28, respectively, as control. The experiments were conducted on a non-carbonated brown soil, in randomized blocks with four replicates. Fruit weight and number per plant, yield and behaviour facing pest and disease attack were evaluated. Significant variations among the studied genotypes were recorded in fruit number per plant, weight and yield, in which the best results were reached, in the late period, for the varieties Amalia, Mariela and Mara, and in the optimum one for Mariela, Amalia and INIFAT-28. In both experiments, the diseases that affected most were early blight (Alternaria solani) and yellow leaf roll (viruses), that reached its utmost incidence in the late period. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An investigation to evaluate the productive behavior of Cicer arietinum Lin in a pre- mountain locality of Guisa, Granma was carried out during the 2003-2004 campaign. The area was selected in the CPA "Antonio Maceo" on a brown with carbonate soil located at 230 m sea level, were evaluated 9 varieties from INIFAT: Nacional-6, Nacional-24, Nacional-27, Nacional-29, Nacional-30, Nacional-30 sg, Nacional-38, L-5 Ha and Línea-31. These varieties were characterized according to the plant height (m), and plant characterized foliar area index, harvest, as well as yields and its components. The varieties Nacional-27, Nacional-29, Nacional- 30 and L-5 Ha showed the best agro-productive results with well defined plants, uniform ripening, and big sized grains, that result could be a solution economic to increase the agricultural productions in the area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Se presentan los resultados de un estudio, desde las perspectivas de género, de la participación campesina en ferias de diversidad agrícola en Cuba. Se considera la participación relativa de hombres y mujeres, se describe la variación en sus criterios de selección de variedades de maíz y frijol y se analiza la participación e integración de las mujeres campesinas en los proyectos de fitomejoramiento participativo en comunidades de la provincia de La Habana, Cuba.

A study was made of the agricultural yield of three varieties of black tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L) with the objective of determining the variety of more agricultural yields cultivated in the sun in agroecosistemas of brown floors and fluvisoles of the county Granma. A design experimental Blocks was used at random. For the statistical analysis it was used an analysis of variance double classification and multiple comparison of stocking by Tukey. The variety of highest agricultural yield was the Havana 2000 in a fluvisol soil. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

During the winter season, (2005-2006), a survey with different varieties and hybrids of Chinese cabbage of recent introduction to the Research Institute of Tropical Root and Tuber Crops, bananas and plantains (INIVIT) was carried out on a brown soil with carbonate. The varieties and hybrids were "King of King", "King of York", "Hércules" and "TSX- 595". A randomized block design with four replications was used. The best results were obtained by "TSX- 595" (47,77 t.ha-1) which showed a better performance than "Hércules" (43,61 t.ha-1 ) used as control. The objective proposed was to recommend to the growers varieties and hybrids with good characteristics and well-adapted to the Cuban edapho-climatic conditions, as well as, to increase the varietal spectrum of this species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Four onion varieties were evaluated in two zones from the eastern region of Cuba for three years. The experiments were developed on an Eutric Loose Red Ferralitic soil and a non-Carbonate Loose Brown soil. Plots were made up by five furrows of 5.0 m long and 4,5 m wide, distributed in a randomized block design with four replicates. The variables commercial yield, bulb weight, total yield, first-class bulbs, number of leaves per plant and number of tunics per bulb were evaluated. The most influencing climatic factors were temperature and rainfall. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the Tobacco Experimental Station in San Juan y Martinez, Pinar del Río province, during the tobacco crops 2001-2002, was made a sexual cross with the objective of obtaining a dark tobacco variety of tobacco with more yield that the commercial 'Criollo 98', resistant to the blue mold (Peronospora hyocyami de Bary), black shank (Phytophthora parasitica Dast. var. Nicotianae Breda de Haan), tobacco mosaic virus (VMT) and weather fleck. After five generations of self-pollination and selection by the pedigree method, seven resistant varieties were obtained. The cross originated the new variety 'Corojo 2006' that it surpassed the 'Criollo 98'. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In 1990, 23 garden bean (Phaseolus vulgaris Lin) varieties were brought to Cuba through an agreement with INRA from France, which were later evaluated at Liliana Dimitrova Horticultural Research Institute and compared with the commercial ones. LIVER surpassed the 22 French varieties and the six Cubans known for their excellent yields and quality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main characteristics of a new terrestrial orchid genotype obtained in Cuba by modifications taken place during in vitro culture of Spathoglottis plicata var. Rosa seeds are presented. Lorita has white sepals and petals, a distinctive characteristic from its donating genotype. This new species will make the environment more beautiful and it is a valuable contribution to Cuban ornamental agriculture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A crop breeding program started at the National Institute of Agricultural Sciences (INCA) in 1985, with the objective of obtaining some Cuban potato varieties with disease resistance, high yields and tuber quality; consequently, eight Cuban varieties were achieved. Lajera is a new variety released by the classical hybridization method, which has high yields, quality for fresh consumption and field resistance to A. solani and potato leaf roll virus (PLRV). It has been commercially recorded as a new Cuban variety, granted by the National Institute of Plant Protection from the Ministry of Agriculture of Cuba. This paper presents the main characteristics of this variety and its pedigree. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Three new tomato varieties are reported for fresh consumption they come from the breeding program of the National Institute of Agricultural Sciences (INCA): 'Claudia' is derived from crossing two Cuban commercial varieties, 'Amalia' and 'HC 3880', whereas 'Mercy' and 'Mayle' are derived from selecting 'Rambo' hybrid lines. Fruit quality and size is the distinctive feature for consumption in all varieties as well as its high yield potential, which is statistically similar to 'Amalia', used as control variety in comparative experimental trials. The three varieties have been seeded by farmers from Havana and Pinar del Río, and further selected among their favourite five due to its high yields and large fruits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A genetic breeding program was carried out in "Los Palacios" Rice Research Station, belonging to the National Institute of Agricultural Sciences (INCA), with the main objective of diversifying the varietal composition of rice crop. INCA LP-11 and INCA LP-15 are two new short and medium-cycle varieties, respectively, obtained by hybridizations and further field selections. Their best characteristics are excellent agricultural and industrial yields as well as tolerance to the main pests and diseases. Their behaviour has been validated in different locations of the country. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A population of 4 000 hybrid seeds derived from 28 crossings of virus-resistant parents with commercial quality was studied in the Cuban potato breeding project and selected according to a breeding schedule at the National Institute of Agricultural Sciences (INCA) for 12 years. As part of this population, 2-142-94 clone was chosen as parent and crossed with the Netherlander commercial variety "Romano". This clone was evaluated in experimental plots for 10 years as well as under production conditions for two years, giving rise to Yara, which is an early variety with nice agronomic characters, a rapid field closure, dark green foliage with vigorous stems and anthocianin, pink tubers, white pulp, resistant to virus and Streptomyces scabies, tolerant to Alternaria solani and Phytophthora infestans under field conditions and more than 98 % of its total production is conformed by commercial tubers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A breeding program was initiated at the National Institute of Agricultural Sciences (INCA) in 1985, with the objective of obtaining disease-resistant, high-yielding Cuban potato varieties with nice tuber quality. Consequently, six varieties were achieved; Maruca is a new variety resulting from the classical hybridization method. It has high-yields, good tuber quality for fresh consumption and is moderately susceptible to A. solani. It is commercially recorded as a new Cuban variety, granted by the National Center of Crop Protection from the Ministry of Agriculture of Cuba. This paper presents its main characteristics and pedigree. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In 1985, a breeding program was initiated at the National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, aimed to attain high-yielding, disease resistant Cuban potato varieties with good tuber quality. As a result, six Cuban varieties were obtained. Anita is a new high-yielding variety, good for fresh consumption, having field resistance to A. solani and to leaf roll virus (PLRV), achieved through the classical hybridization method. It has been registered as a new Cuban cultivar, granted by the National Institute of Plant Health, from the Ministry of Agriculture of our country. This paper presents its main characteristics as well as its pedigree. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]