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The purpose of the study was to compare how health-related corporate social responsibility (CSR) factors impact customers' dining intentions of casual restaurants in the US and China. The core variables revealed from the literature review include perceived health-related CSR, customer satisfaction, trust, brand awareness, and revisit intention. The study employed a survey-based approach with data collected in both countries. With a total of 828 completed responses, hypotheses were examined using structural equation modeling. Findings revealed significant differences between the responses of the two countries. Theoretically, a research framework depicting health-related CSR and its critical variables, and its relationships tested and verified, thus this study contributes to the body of knowledge from a cross-cultural perspective. From a practical perspective, these findings allow management to develop effective but different marketing strategies to promote CSR initiatives among consumers with diverse cultural, political, and economic conditions like US and China with the aim to increase its financial benefits as well as building consumer satisfaction and loyalty.The study is one of the few empirical studies that explore the decision-making factors of consumers impact on their dining intentions based on restaurants' role in featuring the health-related CSR initiatives in countries with diverse market environments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hunan Huagu Opera belongs to China's valuable intangible cultural heritage, which contains a strong atmosphere of folk life and has important inheritance and preservation value. This paper takes the contemporary dissemination of Hunan Huagu Opera as the research object, and uses the theories and research methods of Opera and communication Science to explore the connection between the original art represented by Hunan Huagu Opera and social communication. In the current communication context, Huagu Opera, a Chinese folk opera culture, links the relationship between native art and social communication and shows a two-way construction process of local culture and social interaction. However, it cannot be ignored that Hunan Huagu Opera also faces many communication obstacles in the process of inheritance, and it is necessary to further combine the development and communication needs of opera culture and art to explore solutions. It is should to increase policics support, focus on brand awareness, encourage innovative expressions, and apply flexible, high-quality digital technology interaction communication strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: This study examines the impact of perceptions of young Indian adults about Chinese products in Indian markets upon their purchase behavior, especially after the border conflict in Doklam. Methodology: We have analyzed data collected from a randomly selected sample of 339 educated urban individuals (18–40 years). Binary logistic regression was conducted to estimate the likelihood of buying Chinese products given their level of acceptance among those respondents who are aware of the Indo‐China conflict. Findings: Young Indians mainly focus on quality and price while purchasing a product, and not the country‐of‐origin (COO). Those who took the social media messages to ban Chinese products seriously, concerned about the dominance of Chinese products in the Indian market, and check if the COO is China demonstrate significantly aversive purchase intention towards Chinese products. On the contrary, the odds of purchase decision making getting influenced by Indo‐China conflict is significantly lower for them who have some preference for Chinese products over its Indian substitutes. Conclusions: Feeling of animosity does not result in considerable hostility against the willingness to buy Chinese products, when price, quality, brand awareness, and non‐availability of appropriate Indian substitutes matter more. However, if the sense of animosity is utilized well, Indian manufacturers, especially the MSME sectors, can gain entrepreneurial opportunities and mileage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In view of the waste of old clothes in China, based on the perspective of sustainable consumption, the relationship between consumers emotional stickiness to clothing and consumers continuous wearing behavior was explored. First of all. on the basis of related theoretical research variable indicator system of clothing emotional consumption stimulus was proposed. which includes 6 dimensions and 36 measurement indicators. Then according to the S-O-R theory, a model of the relationship between emotional consumption stimulus variables, consumer emotional stickiness and consumer clothing continuous wearing behavior was constructed. and related hypotheses were put forward. On the basis. through empirical research methods, the significant positive effects of stimulus variables on emotional stickiness and emotional stickiness on consumers clothing continuous wearing behavior were verified. Finally. the suggestions and countermeasures for developing emotional consumption were put forward, It is suggested that consumers should pay attention to the cultivation of unique clothing aesthetics. fashion awareness and brand concept, and adopt the combination of online and offline shopping. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study takes on three research objectives to better understand the pertinent issues involving the purchase decision regarding counterfeit as well as authentic luxury brands. Specifically, the first objective concerns regional differences across three cities in terms of the three factors affecting the purchase of counterfeit luxury products. i.e., collectivistic influence, brand awareness, and brand involvement.Second, we seek to examine whether regional differences play a role in purchase decision regarding luxury brands. Third, we aim to compare the research models on consumer's decision making process across three cities to provide critical implications pertinent to geographic particularity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to understand how local enterprises establish brand awareness through tough entrepreneurship as well as focus on international markets so as to inject new ideas and to promote brand value. Examining this issue experimentally on B coffee company with data from Taiwan and China during 2010 to 2012, we use Network Meta-Frontier Data Envelopment Analysis to estimate the cross-strait performances of this firm in order to examine their differences and to propose direction for subsequent improvement. The empirical results are as follows. First, from 2010 to 2012 the channel scale and output in Taiwan is superior to that in China. Second, the performance of China's channels is on the decline with large fluctuations, whereas Taiwan's channels are getting better. Third, analyzing the average efficiency value of both sides comprehensively, we find that Taiwan's channels perform more steadily due to a longer time of establishment and more mature allocation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study provides evidence that 'cuteness' glamorizes Chinese consumers' affective experience with a luxury brand in a social media context. Using systematically developed advertising stimuli and a nonstudent sample of 723 Chinese residents, the main experiment demonstrates that cute images featured in a social media post can engage consumers in a 'quasi social interaction' with a luxury brand with relatively low recognition. Once initiated, this parasocial interaction drives attributions of brand personality, encouraging greater brand admiration. However, this sequential order is absent in the high brand awareness condition. Our findings provide insights into anthropomorphism by examining an important advertising strategy-cuteness in luxury marketing in China. Our study offers a more nuanced understanding of the impact of cuteness on people's attitude toward the brand by examining the mediating roles of parasocial interaction and brand personality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

From the establishment of first meteorological theme park--Xiamen Huwei Mountain Meteorological Theme Park in 2009 to the end of September, 2019, 11 meteorological theme parks have been built in China. There are 12 meteorological parks under construction and 10 shelved projects. China put forward the concept of meteorological theme park earlier in the world, and the construction of meteorological theme parks in China started from Xiamen Huwei Mountain Meteorological Park. The construction of meteorological theme parks in China has experienced the germination stage, initial stage, development stage and normative stage. Main construction experience contains: paying attention to top level design and overall planning, emphasizing leaders' attention and experts' participation, concerning multi-party linkage and coordination, and strengthening media momentum and extensive publicity. The main deficiencies are the lack of brand awareness, the diversity of names and weak folk identity. But seen from the perspective of development, the future prospect of meteorological theme park construction is very broad. In the future, the following countermeasures should be taken for the construction of meteorological theme parks in China # overall planning for approval, highlighting personality and characteristics, strengthening propaganda and grasping popularization of science, enhancing connotation and bringing benefits into play. It should combine meteorological science popularization with regional culture, use new media and other channels and ways to establish brand and expand influence, and build regional meteorological science popularization base. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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International marketers face a challenge in applying Western-derived theory in emerging markets such as China where there has been rapid economic growth and sociocultural transition. This study develops "culturally contextualized" determinants of brand equity in China. A qualitative approach consisting of 30 interviews revealed two new factors linking to brand equity: brand popularity and brand mianzi. A quantitative questionnaire survey with a sample of 321 Chinese smartphone users was conducted to test the hypotheses. The quantitative study's findings further revealed that brand popularity and country of origin image affect brand loyalty, brand awareness, perceived quality, and brand mianzi. Additionally, the effects of brand popularity and country of origin image on brand equity were mediated by the four determinants. Finally, brand mianzi was found to be the second most important determinant of brand equity after brand loyalty, highlighting the importance of cultural factors in branding activities in emerging markets. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: The dairy incident in 2008 influenced Chinese residents’ attitudes towards domestic and foreign brands in the market. This paper highlights the strong consumer perceptions existing in the Chinese dairy market towards the country of origin of dairy products. Chinese residents generally believe dairy products from foreign countries are superior than those from China. A new theoretical framework is developed to explore the driving factors of country‐of‐effects and its corresponding impacts. Consumers’ image of different countries and national stereotypes, consumer ethnocentrism and animosity, product familiarity and experience, product involvement and some cultural value differences were found to drive country‐of‐origin effects. These effects directly impact on consumer's perceived quality, brand awareness, brand association and loyalty towards the related goods in the market, then influence the brand equity of products from different countries. This study provides a better understanding of country‐of‐origin effects on consumer behaviour, and will help relevant domestic and foreign firms improve their business strategies in China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In spite of the importance of tourism coupon distribution in China, little is known about the impact of determinants on tourism coupon redemption (TCR). The purpose of this study is to investigate key influence factors of TCR using a structural equation modeling approach. Based on literature review, five antecedents of TCR were identified: face value, redemption costs, redemption limitations, brand awareness, and income and education level of tourists. Survey data from 516 tourism coupon holders in Hangzhou, China, demonstrate that face value and brand awareness are positively related to TCR, while redemption costs and redemption limitations have negative impacts on TCR. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although there has been a global growth of luxury business start-ups for about 100 years, which accelerated especially since the 1990s along with the upswing of the global luxury market, it is barely acknowledged that the luxury segment today is highly entrepreneurial. This is even more the case in China, where a variety of Western and Chinese market players are setting up China-specific luxury brands. Although surprising for most experts and consumers, the luxury business community in China is emerging in leaps and bounds. The main objective of this article is to analyse the major challenges and strategies for the development of luxury brands in China. For this purpose, the article discusses the concept of Chinese luxury brands and the major players and luxury start-up models. On the basis of that, success factors of Chinese luxury brands, with reference to their stage in the brand lifecycle, are analysed with eight instructive case studies including Charles Philip Shanghai, Gieves & Hawkes, NE Tiger, Seagull, Shanghai Vive, Shang xia, She Ji-Sorgere, and Sheme. Each of them represents a major luxury market entrance strategy and highlights typical success factors for luxury brand building in China, which are summarized by some major lessons learned. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study breaks new ground because it (i): considers a non-western (Chinese) corporate heritage brand and (ii) for the first time within the corporate heritage brand/corporate heritage canon, adopts an explicit consumer perspective. Significantly - taking an overt corporate heritage/corporate heritage brand stance - this empirical study reveals why a corporate heritage brand such as Tong Ren Tang (TRT) - founded in 1669 - is highly meaningful to consumers from one generation to another. The researchers marshal the first four of Balmer's criteria of corporate heritage entities in order to verify their corporate heritage credentials and explain their attractiveness to customers. As such, it was found that TRT is meaningfully linked to the past, present and prospective future (Balmer's criterion of omni temporality); has durable and constant organisational traits (Balmer's criterion of institutional trait consistency); has customer and stakeholder faithfulness for a minimum of three generations (Balmer's criterion of tri-generational loyalty); and has acquired meaningful non-corporate role identities vis-à-vis Chinese national identity and China's imperial identity (Balmer's criterion of augmented role identities). TRT was found to be attractive to consumers owing to its core and augmented role identities following Balmer's 2013 augmented role identity theoretical perspective. These findings explain why TRT has endured and flourished from one generation to another and accounts for its celebrated status within China and the wider Chinese diaspora. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this article is to provide insight into the market for luxury brands in China. A literature review is used to inform an inductive methodology based on an empirical survey of 200 Chinese consumers. The data were collected in a series of street intercept interviews that were completed at various locations in Beijing. The study answers questions regarding what, where, when, how and why Chinese consumers buy luxury goods. The article provides insight into consumer behaviour for marketing practitioners who are either already involved in the large and growing luxury market in China or are considering entering it, as well as providing direction for academics interested in conducting research in the Chinese luxury sector. The article constitutes a contemporary and timely review of the luxury market in China from the Chinese consumer perspective and, as such, makes an original contribution to knowledge in terms of providing insight for practitioners as well as providing guidance for academic researchers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The authors examine antecedents and consequences of ming pai kong (MPK)-brand-name fanaticism, obsessive fandom, and purchases of global name brands-among a large number of Gen-Yers in China. This phenomenon is scrutinized because Confucian virtues discourage selfexpressive, materialistic flaunting behaviors. A survey of 510 respondents finds that consumers' need for uniqueness and peer influence affect brand consciousness, MPK, and willingness to pay a price premium for name-brand merchandise. Results indicate that relationships between brand consciousness and MPK are more evident in males and suggest that MPK may be marked by incongruity between projections of status and self. Managerial implications are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In our increasingly digital era, Internet advertising efforts continue to expand with a strong ability to efficiently target, behaviorally profile, and interactively engage consumers. This trend is a challenge to conventional advertising efforts and calls into question what roles they may continue to play. This study delineates that in the digital era, Internet and conventional advertising efforts have differentiating functions in shaping consumer brand perceptions. Collating data from two independent sources, we examined 195 leading consumer brands across 23 product categories in China in 2011 to verify our key postulates. The findings confirmed the salience of both Internet and conventional advertising efforts on generating brand awareness, and uncovered the unique role of conventional advertising efforts in directly creating brand desire. Furthermore, the effect of conventional advertising efforts on brand desire is contingent on the nature of whether the consumer brands are hedonic or utilitarian. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

China's consumption of luxury fashion goods is amongst the highest in the world. The importance of the high-end Chinese market for Western luxury fashion brands has been so far the centre of substantial scholarly interest. However, no research has been conducted on the retail strategies of Italian luxury fashion brands in China in terms of date of entry, reasons for entry, entry methods and store strategy to assess the impact they have on the success of those companies in such a complex but growing market. The aim is to provide insightful suggestions in terms of retail strategies for Italian luxury fashion brands operating in China, or considering entering the market. Qualitative research methods in the form of a cross-company examination of a sample of 20 Italian luxury fashion brands operating in China, followed by a second and later stage of the research consisting of interviews with property developers of Beijing's main luxury shopping malls, constitute the approaches used. This ‘on the ground’ research was necessary to complement the trends which emerged from the secondary data, and to gain a deeper, first-hand insight into the retail strategies of the analysed companies. The two subsequent stages of the research results were then combined to reach the final aim of the present study. The results show that a strong, consolidated retail strategy secured mainly but not exclusively by long-term establishment and continuous interest and investment on the Chinese market, to increase and maintain brand awareness, is the key to success. The results further indicate that important differences between traditional markets and the Chinese one regarding government regulations and cooperation with local business partners such as suppliers and distributors, as well as different types of consumers, have to be taken into serious consideration to formulate a successful Chinese strategy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This scoping article introduces key issues surrounding the globalisation of China Central Television (CCTV), focusing on its African operations, content and reception, specifically in Kenya and South Africa. At a time when the Chinese government is seeking to enhance positive perceptions of China and China-Africa relations, and its associated media outlets are seeking to compete with other major global players like CNN and the BBC, this article takes steps towards understanding the extent to which CCTV may be succeeding in these missions. Some of the challenges identified for CCTV-Africa in our small-scale pilot study include attempting to simultaneously target 'African', 'Western' and Chinese audience groups, which may detract from its ability to appeal to specific international audiences; competition from other international and local broadcasters who already have a strong spectator base; and a lack of accessibility, awareness and sustained interest in the channel. It calls for more in-depth research into global audiences' reception of CCTV-Africa, and CCTV more generally, in order to track CCTV's brand awareness and assess whether China's global media soft power activities actually have any leverage in enhancing cross-cultural relations and international audiences' perceptions of China in Africa and the world. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Highlights: [•] Security, hedonism, benevolence, and self-direction were the dominant values. [•] Chinese consumers want safe, good tasting, nutritious drinks that are good value. [•] Brand awareness is important for successful exporting of products to the China. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Quality is a life of product, and brand is one of cues to judge the product quality for consumers. This study takes 3G telecome brand in China as an emprical object, develops the conceptual model on the relationship among the brand perception including brand awareness, corporate perception, brand personality, benefit perception, subjective popularity and perceived quality, and product knowledge is introduced as moderator to the model. Based on the analysis of 526 validate samples in the survey by SPSS 20.0 and AMOS 20.0 software, the result shows that the impact of subjective popularity is the most significant, and next is corporate perceptioin, brand personality and brand awareness would also impact perceived quality, however, the impact of benefit perception on perceived quality is insignificant. And product knowledge would moderate the effect of brand cognition on perceived quality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose – Previous research is mixed regarding consumer reactions and concerns regarding product brands with foreign-sounding names. This paper aims to study the perception and purchase intent of foreign-name brands in a sample of adult US and Chinese consumers. Design/methodology/approach – US and Chinese consumers completed a 23-item bilingual questionnaire to assess perceptions of foreign names on brand attitude and purchase intent for low-involvement products, using two fictitious soft drink products. Findings – The paper finds that there were no differences between US and Chinese consumers in attitudes towards foreign products or foreign brand names, except in the case of perceived deception. There were differences in perceptions that the product name was not authentic to the country of origin. Differences in purchase intent were driven by product type and price rather than country of origin or brand name. Practical implications – When there is incongruence between product type and perceived country of origin, favorability for the product diminishes. Price, taste and packaging design may be more important in determining purchase intent. Originality/value – While previous research looked at foreign brand names for high-involvement products, this study addresses a low-involvement product with mass-market potential. China's and the USA's role as major consumers for global brands makes this study all the more relevant. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine consumers' perception of brand functions in an emerging market: China. The study also aims to investigate the impact of brand functions on brand loyalty. Design/methodology/approach – A two-phase study was conducted. The first phase consisted of 15 personal in-depth interviews while the structured questionnaires were used to collect data in the second stage and a total of 256 consumers participated in this study. Findings – The study finds general support that consumer perceives both utilitarian and expressive functions of the brand. Specifically, the results of the research show that for Chinese consumers, brands accomplish various functions such as "recall of past experiences", "quality sign" and "identify". Moreover, "recall of past experiences" is a unique brand function for Chinese consumers and has a positive impact on brand loyalty. Originality/value – To the authors' knowledge, this paper is the first to shed light on examining consumer perceptions of brand functions in the Chinese market. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study investigates the impact of brand credibility, composed of trustworthiness, expertise, and attractiveness, on consumers' brand purchase intention in emerging economies, focusing specifically on China's automobile industry. We propose that brand awareness and brand image play a moderating role in this relationship. Results reveal that brand credibility exerts a positive influence on consumers' brand purchase intention. Brand image and brand awareness are found to positively moderate the relationship between brand credibility and consumers' brand purchase intention. Implications concerning both research and managerial practices are offered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose — The purpose of this study investigates the asymmetric effects of brand origin confusion (BOC) on consumer preference and the purchase of local versus foreign brands in China. Drawing on the general country-of-origin (COO) literature and recent developments in brand-origin studies and the emerging market phenomenon globally, it proposes and test a model of the asymmetric effects of BOC on consumer preference and the purchase of local versus foreign brands in China. This study intends to help to explain from a new angle the decreasing competitiveness of foreign brands in emerging markets, such as China. Design/methodology/approach — The study pretest on nationally distributed brands across seven product categories resulted in a final set of 67 brands: 35 foreign and 32 local. Four hundred respondents evaluated measures related to brand origin, brand awareness, brand value, brand preference, and brand purchases in the previous six months. Hierarchical regression analysis was used in data analysis. Findings — The hypotheses on the asymmetric effects of BOC between local and foreign brands in China were mostly supported. Specifically, the results showed that local brands are likely to be in an advantageous position when there is a high level of BOC. However, as the brand knowledge of consumers increases, the effects of BOC decrease. Originality/value — This study provides evidence of the asymmetric effects of BOC between local and foreign brands and the moderating role of brand knowledge for local brands in China. It fills a gap in the international branding and marketing communication literature, and offers meaningful managerial insights for both local and international companies to formulate effective branding and marketing communication strategies in China and possibly in other emerging markets. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on the current development situation of tea industry in Leiyang City, this paper analyzes the existing problems such as small scale of high quality tea plantation, insufficient brand awareness, inadequate funding input, extensive tea plantation management, rising labor costs and outdated mechanical equipment. Finally this paper expounds the development goal and sets forth the corresponding recommendations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]