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Mangroves play a pivotal role in tropical and subtropical coastal ecosystem, yet they are highly vulnerable to the effects of climate change, particularly the accelerated global sea level rise (SLR) and stronger tropical cyclones (TCs). However, there is a lack of research addressing future simultaneous combined impacts of the slow-onset of SLR and rapid-onset of TCs on China's mangroves. In order to develop a comprehensive risk assessment method considering the superimposed effects of these two factors and analyze risk for mangroves in Dongzhaigang, Hainan Island, China, we used observational and climate model data to assess the risks to mangroves under low, intermediate, and very high greenhouse gas (GHG) emission scenarios (such as SSP1-2.6, SSP2-4.5, and SSP5-8.5) in 2030, 2050, and 2100, and compiled a risk assessment scheme for mangroves in Dongzhaigang, China. The results showed that the combined risks from SLR and TCs will continue to rise; however, SLRs will increase in intensity, and TCs will decrease. The comprehensive risk of the Dongzhaigang mangroves posed by climate change will remain low under SSP1-2.6 and SSP2-4.5 scenarios by 2030, but it will increase substantially by 2100. While under SSP5-8.5 scenario, the risks to mangroves in Dongzhaigang are projected to increase considerably by 2050, and approximately 68.8% of mangroves will be at very high risk by 2100. The risk to the Dongzhaigang mangroves is not only influenced by the hazards but also closely linked to their exposure and vulnerability. We therefore propose climate resilience developmental responses for mangroves to address the effects of climate change. This study for the combined impact of TCs and SLR on mangroves in Dongzhaigang, China can enrich the method system of mangrove risk assessment and provide references for scientific management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sustainable manufacturing is crucial to achieving carbon neutrality targets. However, research on the sustainability of manufacturing systems is limited, and high consumption, low efficiency, and high emissions have resulted in high resource consumption and rapid environmental degradation. Therefore, it is of great importance to establish an evaluation and improvement indicator system conducive to sustainable development. To this end, this study developed a data-driven methodology for evaluating and enhancing the sustainability of manufacturing systems. Manufacturing system production process data, with data dimensions unified via the emergy method, were used to construct a sustainable development evaluation model that includes four perspectives: economy, environment, society, and sustainability. The model was applied to a flange production workshop in China to analyze the interrelation mechanisms among energy consumption, resource consumption, and environmental pollution, and identify optimization schemes to improve sustainability. After implementing these optimization schemes, the emergy yield rate (EYR) of the flange increased by 23.40%, the environmental load rate (ELR) decreased by 19.03%, the per capita emergy (EPP) increased by 6.88%, and the emergy-based sustainability index (ESI) increased by 52.76%. The method presented herein offers a novel and effective tool to analyze and visualize sustainable development in manufacturing systems and identify the relationship between technology and management in the manufacturing industry; however, this method is based on historical data and rules, and lacks of flexible response to unknown situations. The results provide a reference for enterprises to achieve sustainable and lean manufacturing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In deep karst reservoirs, the internal environment is complex, and thermal stratification isnot the only factor controlling the vertical distribution of the DIC concentration. Previous studies have not fully understood the migration and transformation of DIC in a deep-water reservoir. In this study, a deep-water reservoir in southwest China was chosen, and the spatial and temporal characteristics of the DIC concentration, pCO2, δ13CDIC value, and SIc were investigated. It was found that the Pingzhai Reservoir is a double temperature leapfrog reservoir. The DIC concentration, pCO2, Sic, and δ13CDICvalues showed annual cycle variation. During the thermal stratification phase, the DIC concentration, pCO2, Sic, and δ13CDICvalues were significantly different between the surface layer and the lower layer. However, during the mixing and mixed phases, the differences were not significant. The vertical divergence of the DIC in the Pingzhai Reservoir was influenced by the subtemperate layer, human activities, and sources. The formation of the subtemperate layer was due to the submerged flow formed when river water enteredthe reservoir, which provides a channel for DIC from the river to enter the lower layer of the reservoir. Human activities increased the solubility of carbonate rocks in the reservoir, and the source of DIC was one of the factors contributing to the concentration stratification of DIC in the reservoir. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sleep disturbances, frailty, and body pain are widespread in middle-aged and older adults with depression, and have been identified as depression risk factors. However, there is a scarcity of research on the benefits of sleep improvement, frailty amelioration, and pain management on incident depression. A total of 8895 respondents aged above 45 years were derived from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) between 2011 and 2018. The parametric g-formula was used to estimate the 7-year risks of depression under independent hypothetical interventions on nighttime sleep duration (NSD), daytime napping duration (DND), perceived sleep quality (PSQ), frailty, and pain, as well as their various combinations. The observed depression risk was 41.77 %. The independent intervention on frailty was the most effective in lowering incident depression, with a risk ratio (RR) of 0.61 (95 % CI: 0.57–0.64), followed by PSQ (RR: 0.75, 95 % CI: 0.73–0.78), pain (RR: 0.90, 95 % CI: 0.87–0.91), and NSD (RR: 0.96, 95 % CI: 0.93–0.98). In subgroup analysis, intervention on NSD was more effective in men, PSQ was more effective in middle-aged individuals, and frailty and pain were more effective in older persons. The combined intervention of NSD, PSQ, frailty, and pain lowered the risk the greatest (RR: 0.35, 95 % CI: 0.32–0.37). Generalizing our results to other populations should be possible if they have the same distribution of effect modifiers and interference patterns because of the calculation principle of the parametric g-formula. Interventions for sleep disturbances, frailty, and body pain can minimize the risk of depression. • The parametric g-formula can effectively predict the risk of depression. • Interventions for nighttime sleep duration, perceived sleep quality, frailty and pain can minimize the risk of depression. • Gender-difference exists for intervention on nighttime sleep duration, which is more effective in male than in female. • Age-differences exist for interventions targeting the perceived sleep quality, frailty and pain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Due to the massive application of cypermethrin (CYP) for pest control in China, the adverse effects on non-target organisms have aroused great attention. However, comparative studies between its different stereoisomers remain scarce, especially for metabolism perturbations. Herein, the rats were administered α-CYP, β-CYP, and θ-CYP by gavage at doses of 8.5, 29.2, and 25.0 mg/kg/day, respectively, for 28 consecutive days. By blood examination, significant changes in liver and renal function parameters were observed in rats exposed to all three CYPs. The stereoisomeric selectivity in metabolic disturbances was assessed based on a metabolomic strategy via multivariate analysis and pathway analysis. The results demonstrated that amino acid and glycolipid metabolism were disrupted in all CYP groups. Among them, the most significant changes in the metabolic phenotype were observed in the θ-CYP group, with 56 differential metabolites enriched in 9 differential metabolic pathways. At the same time, the endogenous metabolite trimethylamine oxide (TMAO), which is closely linked to the gut microbiota, was also significantly elevated in this group. Gender differences were found in α- and θ-CYP-exposed rats, with perturbations in amino acid and glucose metabolism of greater concern in females and lipid metabolism of greater concern in males. Overall, β-CYP exhibited a lower risk of metabolic perturbations than α-CYP or θ-CYP, which helps to screen suitable agrochemical products for green agricultural development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Environmental geological disasters seriously threaten human lives and property. A reasonable analysis of the susceptibility to environmental geological disasters is the basis for disaster prevention and mitigation and can promote the sustainable development of regional economy. This study analyzes the susceptibility of environmental geological disasters, such as collapses, landslides, and debris flows in Helong City, China. Through investigation and comprehensive analysis, ten environmental, geological disaster causing factors, including stratum lithology, distance from the fault, elevation, slope, aspect, rainfall, distance from the water system, NDVI, distance from the road, and profile curvature, were extracted. Combined with GIS, a vulnerability analysis database of environmental geological disasters was established, and vulnerability zoning prediction was performed by using two models of information amount and a generalized regression neural network (GRNN). Then, disaster-vulnerability factors such as population density, road density, GDP, and land use type were added. The results show that the predicted results of the two models are similar to the actual survey results.. The environmental geological disasters in the study area are mainly low and not prone to occur, and the northeast and central areas are highly prone to environmental geological disasters, which are the key prevention and control areas in the study area. The coverage rate of high-vulnerability areas with a high degree of economic development is 8.63%, and the prediction results of the GRNN model are mostly distributed in spots and strips, which is more conducive to accurate disaster prevention and mitigation and cost reduction, promotes regional sustainable development, and has guiding significance for disaster prevention and control and urban planning and construction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mangrove forests are valuable intertidal ecosystems that provide coastline protection, biodiversity maintenance, and carbon sequestration. However, their survival is under severe threat from rapidly rising sea levels. In this study, we aimed to investigate the changes in the area of the Dongzhaigang mangrove in China since the 1950s and causes of these changes using literature and remote sensing data. The impact of historical and future sea level rise (SLR) on the mangroves was analyzed using remote sensing data and climate model data under the low, intermediate, and very high greenhouse gas emission scenarios (Representative Concentration Pathways (RCPs) 2.6, 4.5, and 8.5). The area of the mangrove forests decreased from 3416 to 1711 hm2 during 1956–1988 and remained constant at 1711 hm2 after the 1990s, owing to anthropogenic disturbances such as reclamation and aquaculture before the 1980s and the protection of nature reserve establishment after the 1990s, respectively. Under RCPs 4.5 and 8.5, SLR is expected to cause > 26% of the mangroves to disappear by 2100, whereas under RCP 2.6, only 17% of the mangroves will likely be lost. Biological measures such as reestablishment of ponds as mangrove forests, afforestation, and biological embankment for sediment trapping in coastal wetlands are recommended to enhance the resilience of mangroves to SLR. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Polyploidization and hybridization are very common in natural plant species, and mixed‐ploidy species provide a unique opportunity to study the effects of evolutionary history, local abundance, and ploidy level on the direction and extent of introgression between intraspecific lineages. First, we delimited two morphologically cryptic lineages of Phragmites australis Trin. ex Steud. in temperate China using 11 nuclear microsatellites and two chloroplast DNA fragments with 225 samples from China as well as 11 samples from Oceania and Europe. Our evidence supported that haplotype O and haplotype P were two relatively independent lineages with low and high ploidy levels, respectively; haplotype M might be ancient and could have undergone a complex evolutionary history. Then we examined the lineage divergence and compared the introgression patterns between two major lineages along geographical and abundance gradients with a large number of samples (n = 1067) collected from China. The sympatric coexistence of two lineages in north and northeast China implies an ongoing or potential introgression between them. Cline analysis showed that the level of genetic admixture were significantly correlated with longitude rather than latitude. Our results also suggested that ploidy level could deeply influence the introgression asymmetry, and the effect of the current local abundance on introgression might be covered by the past coexistence time driven by phylogeographic history. Our study draws a baseline for future research on the ecological and evolutionary consequences of migration and introgression of Chinese P. australis under global change. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to assess self-rated health (SRH) status and its determinants in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Participants aged at least 45 years were included from a nationally representative investigation in 2015. The SRH assessment was divided into two groups: "good" and "not good." Independent samples t -tests, chi-square tests, and Fisher's exact tests were used to determine differences in patient characteristics between the two groups. Multiple logistic models were used to determine factors influencing SRH. A total of 1,215 patients with COPD were included in the final analysis, of whom 21.2% reported favorable SRH status. The results indicated that female gender, non-smoking, and elevated peak expiratory flow correlated with better SRH, while nighttime sleep duration less than 7 hours, asthma, and disability, negatively impacted SRH. Our findings provide new evidence for the development of effective health promotion programs for the well-being of patients with COPD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To study the use of Chinese medicine (CM) in cancer patients in southern China. Methods: A total of 1,950 cancer patients finished questionnaires in four provinces in southern China. The survey included socio-demographic and clinical characteristics of participants, dosage forms, efficacy, and side effects. Results: The study results showed that cancer patients with higher education (>12 years) were more likely to accept the treatment of Chinese herbs. There were 54.61% (1,065 cases) of patients chose Chinese herbs for the initial treatment and 14.46% (282 cases) chose Chinese herbs as monotherapy. Most patients (54.51%, 1,063 cases) continuously used CM for more than 6 months, and a few of them (212 cases) used CM for up to 3 years. All kinds of dosage forms of CM had been used, including CM decoction, CM patent prescription and CM injection. Concerning the efficacy in the view of patients, 40.31% (786 cases) believed that it would be effective to take Chinese herbs before they starting the anti-cancer treatment, and the percentage increased to 81.08% after 1-month CM treatment. The effect of Chinese herbs was mainly demonstrated by symptom relief and improvement of quality of life, and 8.31% (162 cases) of patients experienced control of tumor growth and decreased tumor markers. Furthermore, only 14.31% (279 cases) participants reported that they experienced side effects during CM treatment. Conclusion: This large scale investigation reflects the current situation of domestic CM usage objectively and comprehensively, which might provide new ways for cancer treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Wetland environmental pollution has become a global problem involving the ecological environment and human health. This study measured the concentration of seven potentially toxic elements (PTEs Hg, Cd, Zn, Cu, Cr, Pb, and As) in the soil upstream of the Xinli Lake wetland in China. Based on the fuzzy theory, the sources, spatial distribution, ecological risks, and health risks of pollutants are studied. The result shows that the concentrations of the seven potentially toxic elements are close to or exceed the background value, and their spatial distribution showed irregular changes. The soil upstream of the wetland has not been seriously polluted, and Cd, which has higher bioavailability, is the priority element for ecological risk. Pollutants do not harm human health; children face higher health risks; Pb and As have the highest carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risks, respectively. Zn, Cu, Cr, Pb, and As in the study area are derived from agricultural activities, while Hg and Cd are mainly affected by soil-forming parent materials. Attention should be paid to controlling the intensity of agricultural activities to avoid excessive input and accumulation of pollutants that would harm the ecological environment and human health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Selecting native species for restoration is often done without proper ecological background, particularly with regard to how native and invasive species interact. Here, we provide insights suggesting that such information may greatly enhance restoration success. The performance of the native vine, Pueraria lobata, and that of the invasive bitter vine, Mikania micrantha, were investigated in South China to test how priority effects (timing and rate of germination and seedling growth) and competition (phytochemical effects and competitive ability) impact invasive plant performance. We found that, in the absence of competition, the germination rate of M. micrantha, but not of P. lobata, was significantly affected by light availability. P. lobata seedlings also performed better than those of M. micrantha during early growth phases. Under competition, negative phytochemical effects of P. lobata on M. micrantha were strong and we found M. micrantha to have lower performance when grown with P. lobata compared to when grown by itself. Relative interaction indexes indicated that, under interspecific competition, P. lobata negatively affected (i.e., inhibited) M. micrantha, whereas M. micrantha positively affected (i.e., facilitated) P. lobata. Higher photosynthetic efficiency and soil nutrient utilization put P. lobata at a further advantage over M. micrantha. Field trails corroborated these experimental findings, showing little recruitment of M. micrantha in previously invaded and cleared field plots that were sown with P. lobata. Thus, P. lobata is a promising candidate for ecological restoration and for reducing impacts of M. micrantha in China. This research illustrates that careful species selection may improve restoration outcomes, a finding that may also apply to other invaded ecosystems and species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Advanced Nursing (John Wiley & Sons, Inc.) is the property of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Aim: To explore symptom clusters experienced by patients with oesophageal cancer 3 months after surgery and examine whether symptom clusters are related to demographic, clinical and quality of life variables. Background: There are multiple symptoms in patients with oesophageal cancer after surgery, which seriously affect their quality of life. Exploring the mechanics of concurrent symptoms such as symptom clusters may facilitate the development of strategies to reduce the impact of these symptoms and improve quality of life. Design: Cross‐sectional survey. The STROBE Statement was chosen as the EQUATOR checklist. Methods: A convenience sample of 128 oesophageal cancer patients was followed up at 3 months after surgery. Participants completed the demographic questionnaire, the M. D. Anderson Symptom Inventory for Gastrointestinal Cancer, the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy‐General and the Connor‐Davidson Resilience Scale. Exploratory factor analysis, stepwise regression and correlation analysis were applied. Results: Four symptom clusters were identified: dysphagia–psychological, chemoradiotherapy side‐effect, digestive tract reconstruction and fatigue–sleep. Gender, stage of disease and resilience influenced the dysphagia–psychological symptom cluster. Gender, stage of disease, resilience and treatment were significant factors affecting the chemoradiotherapy side‐effect and fatigue–sleep symptom clusters. Gender, stage of disease, resilience and anastomotic position were significant factors influencing the digestive tract reconstruction symptom cluster. The correlations between symptom clusters and quality of life were significant, with the highest correlation between the dysphagia–psychological cluster and quality of life. Conclusions: Nurses should pay more attention to symptom management in patients with oesophageal cancer 3 months after surgery by focusing on four symptom clusters. It is necessary to implement individualised care depending on the influence factors including gender, stage of disease, resilience, treatment and anastomotic position. Relevance to clinical practice: These findings will help develop targeted interventions to facilitate further symptom management for transitional nursing from the peri‐operative phase to long‐term rehabilitation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The measuring of the integration degree between marine and terrestrial industries is a crucial part in formulating strategies of industrial adjustment and industrial development for coastal regions. Taking the Blue Economic Zone of Shandong Peninsula as an example, this paper conducted grey correlation analysis on the correlation between the three industrial sectors in marine and terrestrial areas, as well as on the internal interaction between main industries in marine and terrestrial areas. In the end, the paper puts forward related suggestions on the integrated development of marine and terrestrial industries in the Blue Economic Zone of the Shandong Peninsula. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Purpose: This study aimed to identify the characteristics of full‐smile images assessed by laypersons using visual analog scale measurement. Materials and Methods: A total of 176 young Chinese subjects (88 males and 88 females; 20‐35 years of age) with healthy dentogingival tissue were recruited to have their dynamic smiles captured using digital technology. A full‐smile frame image of each subject was selected and evaluated by 22 laypersons (11 males and 11 females; 20‐35 years of age) using visual analog scale measurement. Unattractive and attractive groups were designated according to the 25th percentile and 75th percentile of average visual analog scale score for the subjects, respectively. Eight smile variables were used to measure the characteristics of the full‐smile images. Pearson's Chi‐square test and unpaired t tests were used to analyze the data with significance level α = 0.05. Results: The visual analog scale measurement scores of unattractive and attractive subgroups, respectively, were 37.89 ± 2.12 and 50.67 ± 2.75 (male subjects), and 37.14 ± 2.80 and 51.92 ± 1.99 (female subjects). VAS scores were significantly different between subgroups for both male and female subjects (P < .001). No significant differences were observed between male and female subjects (P > .05). Conclusions: Attractive full‐smiles in young Chinese subjects demonstrated higher frequencies of average or low anterior smile line, average or low posterior smile line, upward upper lip curvature, and “broad and short” smile with high smile index. Clinical Significance: The smile variables of anterior smile line, posterior smile line, upper lip curvature, and smile index are predominant factors of smile attractiveness, which should be given priority to consider and manage in the anterior esthetic treatment plan. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) is a rodent-borne disease caused by several serotypes of hantavirus and 90% of all reported HFRS cases occur in China. However, the dynamics of such outbreak, particularly the characteristics of two distinct annual peaks in China, are not well understood. Here, we investigate several of the biologically plausible causes for the peaks in monthly HFRS cases, and find that the key factor is the interplay between periodic transmission rates and rodent periodic birth rate. Analysis of dynamical model reveals that vaccination plays a significant role in the control of HFRS in China. Sensitive analysis of different interventions demonstrates that integrating rodent culling and environmental management with the current vaccination program is effective for HFRS control. Our results suggest that for diseases from animals to human beings, the features of both animals and humans beings should be taken into account in the control and prevention strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The original article can be found online at https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-15774-7. Correction to: I Scientific Reports i https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-15774-7, published online 7 July 2022 The original version of this Article contained errors in Figure 3 where the years "1986", "2000" and "2020" were incorrectly given as "2030", "2050" and "2100" in panels b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i and j. The original Figure 3 and accompanying legend appear below. [Extracted from the article]

• Presents a data-driven measurement, evaluation, and identification method. • Uses a coupling coordination degree model for three regional agriculture subsystems. • Suggests ways to reduce costs, increase social support, and enhance competitiveness. This study aims to evaluate the relationship between the agriculture economy environment, and society from the perspective of system theory and then put forward targeted suggestions for sustainable development of Anhui's agriculture in China. Based on the collection of relevant data and the objective weighting of indicators, the entropy weight method is used to measure the comprehensive development level of regional agriculture. The coupling coordination degree model is employed to evaluate the coupling coordination level among the three subsystems of regional agriculture. The obstacle degree model is used to identify the key obstacle factors. The case study results show that the main obstacles of the coordination system are the use of pesticides, the number of agricultural scientific and technological achievements, the application of agricultural plastic film, the number of farmers' technical training schools, and the proportion of animal husbandry. Accordingly, the paper posits suggestions, such as reducing the input of pesticides and agricultural plastic films in agricultural production, improving the social support level of agricultural science, technology, and education, and enhancing the competitiveness of animal husbandry in the Anhui Province. This study provides theoretical and methodological support for the coupled and coordinated development of regional agricultural economy, ecology and society(EES). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Twenty-eight (28) isolated orangutan fossil teeth are reported in this paper, which are newly discovered from Sanhe Cave in Chongzuo Ecological Park of Guangxi in southern China. The geological age is Early Pleistocene, approximately 1.2 Ma, based on the mammal fauna and paleomagnetic stratigraphy. The tooth crown areas are within the range of extant orangutans and subfossil orangutans from Indonesia. However, by comparing the distribution of the crown areas, the sample from Sanhe has crown areas that fall above the mean value of extant orangutans and Holocene orangutans. Morphological differences between the Sanhe, subfossil and extant orangutans are difficult to discern, although the occlusal wrinkles of the postcanine teeth of the fossil orangutans from Sanhe are less numerous but coarser than that of extant orangutans. The fossil orangutans from Sanhe are smaller than those from other caves from Chongzuo Ecological Park, and are slightly larger than samples from Mulanshan Cave. We conclude that the fossil orangutan teeth from the Early Pleistocene of Sanhe Cave are provisionally classified as Pongo pygmaeus weidenreichi , and better evidence is needed to interpret the evolution and taxonomy of the fossil orangutans in southern China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Occupational and experimental studies have revealed the organs most affected by dimethylformamide (DMF) are liver and gastrointestinal tract. However, few studies have focused on the potential effect of outdoor pollution of DMF. This study examined the health risk of hospitalization due to digestive system disease by time series studies in a case city Longwan, China. The urine metabolite of DMF was correlated well with DMF exposure concentration (EC). A 101.0-μg/m3 (interquartile range) increase in the two-day moving average of DMF EC was associated with a 1.10 (1.01 ˜ 1.20), 1.22 (1.10 ˜ 1.35), and 1.05 (0.90 ˜ 1.22) increase in hospitalization for total digestive system diseases, liver disease, and gastrointestinal tract disease, respectively. The exposure-dose response between DMF and the relative risk of liver disease was linear only below 350 μg/m3. These findings highlight a previously unrecognized health problem related to VOCs released into the outdoor environment. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: In the Yangtze River basin, winter fallow is popular for the double cropping rice (Oryza sativa L.). In this study, the possibility of adding a rapeseed cropping season after late rice harvest in this area was studied with the purpose of extending direct-seeding rapeseed under no-tillage cultivation pattern. In a 2-year field experiment from 2008 to 2010, the rapeseed cultivar Huashuang 5 (Brassica napus L. cv. Huashuang 5) were planted in 3 locations in Hubei Province of China after harvesting late rice. At both individual and population levels, the effects of plant density and nitrogen (N) application rate on rapeseed growth and yield formation were measured at seedling, budding, flowering, podding, and maturity stages. The cultivation pattern of no-tillage and direct-seeding after late rice harvest shortened the growth duration of rapeseed, especially at seedling stage, but prolonged the late budding stage in spring. The biomass accumulation from emergence to early budding was deficient severely, resulting in quick growth from budding to flowering of rapeseed. Application of N fertilizer had significant effects on enhancing the growth and yield formation of rapeseed through improving the individual and population qualities. Under the N rate of 270 kg ha−1 condition, the highest yield of rapeseed was approximately 2250 kg ha−1 at the density of 4.5 × 105 plants or 6.0 × 105 plants per hectare. The yield level was higher than that of average local rapeseed production. In the practice of no-tillage and direct seeding cultivation technique in the double rice cropping rice area, both nitrogen application rate and planting density should be considered simultaneously to obtain high quality of plant population and high yield of rapeseed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

The analysis of the hypothesis about human nature entailed in Adam Smith's economic theory has cast some new light on his economic model and his understanding of the so-called "invisible hand" : the value basis of his economic model is constituted by the ethical standards and the principle of impartiality, which in his theory is actually symbolized by the "impartial spectator" that is an integration of God, the natural divinity and human morality. The impartial spectator thus has been playing a transitional role in the evolution of the economic ethics. The emergence of the theory of impartial spectator, which is a great innovation accomplished by the modem economic ethics and provides an ethical support for the sound social and economic operation in modem times, marks a significant shift in the understanding of the relationship between economy and ethics in the modem context. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Considering the uncertainty caused by the random error of the sample measurement, the heterogeneity of spatial and temporal distribution of pollutants, and the traditional method of selecting a single parameter for evaluation, based on fuzzy theory, Hakanson potential ecological risk index (considering heavy metal enrichment, ecotoxicity and bioavailability) and United States Environmental Protection Agency health risk assessment system, the fuzzy ecological risk and health risk assessment methods for of heavy metals in soil were established. In the soil of the Jinling Reservoir area, Cd, which has high bioavailability, had the highest average contribution rate to RI, and thus was, regarded as a priority metal for ecological risk. Sites JL9 and JL11 were the priority areas. The heavy metals did not pose a clear hazard to human health, but children had a higher health risk. Pb and As were regarded as the priority metals for health risk. Fuzzy evaluation provided the risk interval and membership degree, contained more parameter information, quantified and reduced the uncertainty of parameters, provided more comprehensive results, and compensated for the deficiency of deterministic evaluation. As the main source of heavy metals, the intensity of agricultural activities in the study area must be controlled to avoid excessive input and accumulation of heavy metals, which may damage the ecological environment and endanger human health. • Comprehensive consideration of heavy metal enrichment, ecological toxicity and bioavailability for ecological risk assessment. • Contain more parameter information, quantify and reduce parameter uncertainty, making the evaluation result more comprehensive. • Combined with the degree of membership, the probabilistic-fuzzy ecological risk and health risk assessment methods are established. • Cd and Pb are risk priority metals, heavy metals come from "mixed sources". [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Astroviral infection is considered to be one of the causes of mammalian diarrheal diseases. It has been shown that astrovirus infections cause varying degrees of diarrhea in turkeys and mice. However, the pathogenesis of porcine astrovirus is unknown. In this study, the virulence of a cytopathic porcine astrovirus (PAstV) strain (PAstV1-GX1) isolated from the PK-15 cell line was tested using seven-day-old nursing piglets. The results showed that PAstV1-GX1 infection could cause mild diarrhea, growth retardation, and damage of the villi of the small intestinal mucosa. However, all the above symptoms could be restored within 7 to 10days post inoculation (dpi). To evaluate the innate immunity response of PAstV in vivo, the alteration of inflammatory cytokine expression in piglets infected with PAstV1-GX1 was determined using quantitative real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). The mRNA expression levels of the IFNβ and ISG54 were found to be significantly elevated in virus-infected piglets. In contrast, expression of IFNλ was downregulated in piglets infected with PAstV1-GX1. In addition, the mRNA expression of the tight junction protein 1 and 2 and zonula occludin 1, which are associated with the intestinal barrier permeability, were affected after PAstV1 infection. The present study adds to our understanding of the pathogenic mechanism of PAstV and has established an animal model for further study of pig astrovirus infection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Several environmental parameters, sediment grain size and its total organic carbon (TOC) content, turbidity and salinity of water, have been measured, and burrows of the crab Macrophthalmus japonicus were studied by high-resolution CT imaging of sediment cores sampled at 32 stations along transects from supratidal to subtidal settings of the Yellow River Delta in China. The burrows are present only at some stations in muddy and sandy-silty sediments. They are concentrated in some patchy areas affected by low hydrodynamic conditions and high food abundance near a muddy tidal creek, exposed to slightly higher energy close to creeks, or far from tidal creeks. However, they are absent in other places with similar organic matter content and/or distance from tidal creeks, irrelevant to salinity, turbidity, and substrate consistency. The distribution and morphology of the burrows cannot be correlated with simple environmental parameters. Possibly, the crabs created their own environment the best suitable for their life. The burrows are unlined and show I-, J-, L-, U- and Y-shape resembling the small version of the trace fossil Psilonichnus, the Y-shaped Polykladichus , the U-shaped Arenicolites, whereas the complex, shallow M. japonicus burrows are similar to Pholeus bifurcatus, and the multi-branched, mostly inclined galleries superficially to Thalassinoides paradoxicus. These analogical trace fossils, although in the sediment record ascribed to occur in different ichnofacies and to have been probably produced by various animals, may occur together in the studied deposits wherein they have been produced by the same animal in the same habitat. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• The physicochemical properties of cinder slag in the birdnest region are characterized. • The modification effects of Ca2+, Mg2+ and Fe2+ on the cinder slag are analyzed. • The interaction modification of Ca2+ and Fe2+ is more strongly. • The injection content of alkaline flux from the tuyere is clarified. An important factor in increasing gas utilization and lowering carbon emissions is the removal of cinder from the tuyere birdnest region of the blast furnace. Based on a 2200 m3 blast furnace in China, the physicochemical characteristics of cinder are investigated in this paper. Alkaline flux's chemical modification and flux injection content are examined to alter the fluidity of cinder slag. Firstly, the basicity and aluminum content of cinder slag are 0.80 and 40.33%, respectively. The melting characteristic of cinder slag is high and the liquid phase fluidity is poor. Secondly, as the content of CaO, MgO, and FeO grow while the viscosity keeps declining, the melting temperature of the cinder first decreases and then rises, rises, and decreases. Compared to Mg2+, Ca2+ and Fe2+ have higher diffusion rates and a stronger interaction modification impact. The potential of flux modification is CaO + FeO > CaO + MgO > CaO > FeO > MgO. Finally, the optimum chemical modification occurs when the basicity of cinder slag is 1.05 and the FeO content is 0.40%. During regular blast furnace operation, 1.62 kg/tHM of limestone and 5.92 kg/tHM of basic oxygen furnace (BOF) slag are injected into the tuyere. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• A metabolome-oriented network pharmacology strategy was proposed and successfully applied. • The chemicalome and metabolome of YYM were systematically studied by an UPLC/Q-TOF MS method. • 32 prototypes and 37 related metabolites were characterized in rat bio-samples as metabolome of YYM. • Resveratrol, resveratrol-O-sulfate, emodin, chrysophanol, and rhein were suggested as for quality control markers for YYM. Yi-Yi Mixture, an efficient Chinese medicine preparation composed of four herbal medicines, has been used in clinical practice in China for the treatment of acute pancreatitis over twenty years. However, its functional materials against acute pancreatitis remains unclear, which is a huge obstacle for quality control. In this study, a metabolome-oriented network pharmacology strategy was proposed to clarify its potential substances and further screen out quality markers. Firstly, an Ultra-High performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry method was utilized to profile the chemical constituents in Yi-Yi Mixture. Secondly, metabolic exposure of chemical constituents as well as their global metabolites produced in biological systems were profiled and defined as metabolome of Yi-Yi Mixture. Then, the metabolome targets were predicted based on network analysis. As a result, a total of 66 chemical components were characterized, including 6 stilbenes, 21 anthraquinones, 7 phenols, 13 neolignans, 3 naphthalenes and 16 other types. Moreover, metabolic profiles of YYM (32 prototypes and 37 metabolites) were analyzed in rat bio-samples. Among them, resveratrol, emodin, chrysophanol, rhein and their derivatives were detected in multiple tissues/organs, revealing their potential as key pharmacodynamic substances. These were further confirmed by metabolome-oriented network analysis and molecular docking techniques. This is the first comprehensive investigation on chemical and metabolic profiles of Yi-Yi Mixture, and the results provided scientific foundation for further research on quality control and clinical-safe medication administration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Summary: Background: The tuberculin skin test (TST) is commonly used for the diagnosis of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) in non-bacille Calmette–Guérin (BCG) vaccination settings. In recent years, attention has been drawn to interferon-gamma release assays (IGRAs), especially in BCG-vaccinated populations. In this study, we evaluated the TST and a new whole blood IGRA in BCG-vaccinated individuals during a tuberculosis (TB) outbreak in China. Methods: A TB outbreak occurred at a university in Dalian, China from March to November 2010. The TST and a whole blood IGRA were used to screen for TB infection. The correlation between exposure levels, TST, and the IGRA were evaluated. Results: We found that agreement between the IGRA and TST was poor (kappa 0.182–0.290). IGRA positivity was associated with the level of exposure, and IGRA positivity and the level of exposure were risk factors for TB incidence. Neither the IGRA nor the TST alone picked up all TB incidences. However, if a 10mm cutoff for the TST was used in the highest risk exposure group and IGRA positivity was used in the other risk groups, 19 of the 20 (95%) TB cases were identified. Conclusions: A recommended preventive treatment regimen for China should be based on the level of exposure in conjunction with IGRA and TST test results. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Epigenetic clocks are accurate predictors of human chronological age based on the analysis of DNA methylation (DNAm) at specific CpG sites. However, a systematic comparison between DNA methylation data and other omics datasets has not yet been performed. Moreover, available DNAm age predictors are based on datasets with limited ethnic representation. To address these knowledge gaps, we generated and analyzed DNA methylation datasets from two independent Chinese cohorts, revealing age-related DNAm changes. Additionally, a DNA methylation aging clock (iCAS-DNAmAge) and a group of DNAm-based multi-modal clocks for Chinese individuals were developed, with most of them demonstrating strong predictive capabilities for chronological age. The clocks were further employed to predict factors influencing aging rates. The DNAm aging clock, derived from multi-modal aging features (compositeAge-DNAmAge), exhibited a close association with multi-omics changes, lifestyles, and disease status, underscoring its robust potential for precise biological age assessment. Our findings offer novel insights into the regulatory mechanism of age-related DNAm changes and extend the application of the DNAm clock for measuring biological age and aging pace, providing the basis for evaluating aging intervention strategies., (© The Author(s) 2024. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Higher Education Press.)

Background: Translating aging rejuvenation strategies into clinical practice has the potential to address the unmet needs of the global aging population. However, to successfully do so requires precise quantification of aging and its reversal in a way that encompasses the complexity and variation of aging., Methods: Here, in a cohort of 113 healthy women, tiled in age from young to old, we identified a repertoire of known and previously unknown markers associated with age based on multimodal measurements, including transcripts, proteins, metabolites, microbes, and clinical laboratory values, based on which an integrative aging clock and a suite of customized aging clocks were developed., Findings: A unified analysis of aging-associated traits defined four aging modalities with distinct biological functions (chronic inflammation, lipid metabolism, hormone regulation, and tissue fitness), and depicted waves of changes in distinct biological pathways peak around the third and fifth decades of life. We also demonstrated that the developed aging clocks could measure biological age and assess partial aging deceleration by hormone replacement therapy, a prevalent treatment designed to correct hormonal imbalances., Conclusions: We established aging metrics that capture systemic physiological dysregulation, a valuable framework for monitoring the aging process and informing clinical development of aging rejuvenation strategies., Funding: This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (32121001), the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2022YFA1103700 and 2020YFA0804000), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (81502304), and the Quzhou Technology Projects (2022K46)., Competing Interests: Declaration of interests The authors declare no competing interests., (Copyright © 2023 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Geological environment carrying capacity (GECC) is the key to regional sustainable development (RSD). The study has become an international heat due to frequent global geological disasters, which have resulted in socio-economic losses, weakened GECC. Therefore, this study combined with quantity of information (QI), random forest (RF) and XGBoost (XGB) algorithms, constructed a GECC assessment model in Xiuyan, China based on remote sensing (RS) and geographic information system (GIS) techniques. The validity of the model was verified by disaster information in two period. The results reveal that the indicator system of RS image can reflect the geological factors' influence on GECC more truthfully, and avoided duplication of indicators. The correlation coefficients of the indicators were all less than 0.9, which showed the validity of the indicator system. The QI&#95;RF model performed best with high accuracy (0.96). The mean absolute error (MAE) is 0.098. The disaster management cost (DMC), elevation and rainfall were the main indicators with weights over 0.1. The GECC in study area is mainly balanced. Although the overloaded area was smallest, it was the key area to limit the RSD, which had been improved by adjusting the land or human activities planning. Compared with the results of geological disasters in two period, the disasters in overloaded area were reduced by 58%, which showed that the improvement measures under this model were effective. The method of GECC assessment based on RS and integrated model proposed in this study takes into account the common indicators that affect the development of geological disasters. It can provide reference for RSD under the influence of geological disasters and has universal applicability., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

The sustainability of industrial production systems is considered to be the key to promoting green transformation and upgrading of manufacturing industry. This study proposes an emergy-based method for the measurement and evaluation of the sustainability of industrial production systems. The method uses emergy as a measure, expresses all types of inputs and outputs of production systems in terms of solar emergy, and constructs indicators for the sustainable evaluation of industrial production systems that account for economic and environmental benefits from the perspectives of system functions, ecology, and sustainability. This method was applied to a disc cam machining system at a machinery company, where the user was able to quantify the sustainability of the production system and, through feedback, optimise the production process to reduce energy consumption and environmental pollution and improve the sustainability of the production process. The results show that after optimization, the emergy yield ratio of the disc cam machining system is increased from 1.45 to 4.32, the environmental load ratio is reduced by 16%, and the emergy-based sustainability index is increased by 85%. The system has long-term sustainable development capability in the future. This study provides a new theoretical perspective on sustainability assessments of industrial production systems, and our findings provide a scientific basis for guiding the sound operation and sustainable development of industrial production systems., (© 2022. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.)

Aims: We aimed to assess the eradication efficacy and factors that influencing it of high-dose dual therapy (HDDT) in Gansu region, Northwest China., Methods: A total of 216 treatment-naive patients with Helicobacter pylori infection were randomly assigned to two groups for the 14-day eradication treatment: the HDDT group (amoxicillin 750 mg q.i.d. and esomeprazole 40 mg t.i.d.) and the amoxicillin and clarithromycin-containing bismuth quadruple therapy group (ACBQT: esomeprazole 20 mg, bismuth potassium citrate 2 g, amoxicillin 1 g, and clarithromycin 500 mg; b.i.d.). The eradication rates, adverse effects and patient compliance of these two groups were compared. Eradication efficacy was determined by 13 C urea breath test ( 13 C UBT) 4-8 weeks after finishing treatment. Antibiotic resistance was determined by the Epsilometer testing (E-test) method., Results: The eradication rates for the HDDT and ACBQT groups were 71.0% and 74.7% (P = .552) by per-protocol analysis, and 65.7% and 68.5% (P = .664) by intention-to-treat analysis. The overall adverse event rates in the HDDT and ACBQT groups were 2.0% and 43.4% (P < .001), respectively. The resistance rates to amoxicillin, clarithromycin, tetracycline, levofloxacin and metronidazole were 15.2%, 42.0%, 5.4%, 35.7% and 83.0%, respectively. Amoxicillin resistance and delta over baseline (DOB) of 13 C UBT ≥ 20 before treatment significantly reduced the eradication rate in 112 participants with H. pylori cultured., Conclusion: The HDDT as first-line treatment for H. pylori was unsatisfactory in Gansu. Amoxicillin resistance and DOB of 13 C UBT ≥ 20 before treatment were significantly correlated with H. pylori eradication failure., (© 2022 British Pharmacological Society.)

This study was conducted using the data from 2015 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS). Gender-specific association between nighttime sleep duration (NSD) and falls were evaluated through multiple logistic regression by adjusting for confounding variables. Of the 22,899 respondents, 18,446 were eligible and 3,144 (16.99%) had more than a single fall. Short and long NSD were associated with high occurrences of falls in the total and female population, but only a short NSD was associated with a high occurrence of falls in the male population. In conclusion, NSD was strongly and significantly associated with falls, but the association was gender-specific. Accordingly, increasing targeted, evidence-based and gender-specific preventions for NSD and sleep disturbance are necessary among primary care interventions to prevent falls.

Objectives: The aim of this research was to establish standard norms for posterior smile-related characteristics including posterior smile line (PSL), the most posterior teeth displayed, buccal corridor ratio (BCR), and buccal corridor symmetry (BCS) and investigate its aesthetic contributions to smile attractiveness in a Chinese population., Materials and Methods: From digitally recorded dynamic smile videos of young Chinese participants, 188 standardised full-smile images were captured and then aesthetically evaluated by 22 laypersons using a visual analog scale (VAS). Four smile-related variables in the posterior region were analysed. VAS data were compared between subgroups to test the influence of these variables on smile aesthetics with significance level of P < .05., Results: The VAS scores of participants with high PSL were significantly lower than those with average or low PSL (P < .01), especially when they display average or low anterior smile line (P < .05). Smiles with the second premolar displayed obtained the highest VAS amongst the 3 subgroups (P < .05). No significant differences were found between the VAS scores of BCR and BCS (P > .05)., Conclusions: Maxillary posterior gingiva and teeth displayed influence smile attractiveness evaluated by laypersons, which should be given attention when treating patients with compromised aesthetics, especially those displaying average or low anterior smile lines., Competing Interests: Conflict of interest None disclosed., (Copyright © 2022 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Background: Self-rated health has been widely used as a useful screening tool to subjectively evaluate individuals' health status. Under the context of the rapid growth of aging, there was a dramatic rapid expansion in internal older migrants in China. Serious concerns on the issues of health status continue to attract quite a lot of attention over the past decades. Public health education is one of the most important health care services and methods to improve individuals' health status. However, most previous studies focus on the utilization of public health services such as visiting to doctors, physical examination, and hospitalization. There was limited evidence on the self-rated health and public health education of older migrants., Objectives: The study aimed to evaluate self-rated health and the associated determinants in older migrants, as well as to gain a deeper insight into the current status of public health education received by older migrants., Methods: We derived the data from the National Migrants Population Health and Family Planning Dynamic Monitor Survey 2018, a cross-sectional study, for secondary analysis. Internal migrants aged 60 years old or over were included in the study. Self-rated health was the dependent variable, while sociodemographic characteristics were the independent variable. The univariate and multivariate analyses were performed by Stata 15.1., Results: A total of 5,589 older migrants were included in the study. Eighty-two percentage of older migrants reported healthy self-rated health. There was a significant association between age, gender, minzu, education level, monthly income, public health education, and self-rated health ( P < 0.5). However, the proportion of older migrants that received specific public health education was <50%. The most common approach to receiving public health education was through the leaflet, while <20% of older migrants received public health education through public consultation and one-to-one education., Conclusions: It was necessary to promote the publicity of public health education in older migrants through easy access and diverse approaches in order to effectively spread health-related knowledge to older migrants to satisfy their health needs and maintain their health., (Copyright © 2022 Zeng, Wang, Chen, Tong, Li, Zou, Liu, Yao and Shang.)

To conduct an overview, evaluation, and synthesis of measurement properties of instruments assessing balance of COPD patients. Electronic searches were performed in Web of Science, Scopus, Embase, PubMed, CINAHL, PsycINFO, WanFang, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure databases up to the end of April 2021. Two reviewers independently evaluated the methodological quality using the Consensus-based Standards for the Selection of Health Status Measurement Instrument checklist, and rated the overall quality level of evidence was graded based upon a modified Grades of Recommendation, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation approach. Finally, 12 instruments were included. The Berg Balance Scale and the Timed Up and Go test were the most frequently used tools to evaluate balance. None of 12 instruments provide any information regarding cross-cultural validation or criterion validation. High-quality studies exploring measurement properties with a focus on the criterion validity and cross-cultural validity of balance measurements in COPD patients are warranted.

Spatial and temporal distributions of total organic carbon (TOC) in the Jiulong River Estuary (JRE) were determined using data collected during three cruises in summer 2010, autumn 2010, and spring 2011. The TOC concentration influencing factors were identified, and the export fluxes were calculated. TOC concentration ranges were 0.73-4.17 mg/L in summer, 0.90-5.32 mg/L in autumn, and 1.78-8.03 mg/L in spring, respectively. TOC concentrations of the surface water and nearshore area were higher than those of the bottom water and offshore area, respectively, and the maximum TOC content occurred in the JRE upper reaches. The TOC concentration decreased with increasing salinity and exhibited a significant positive correlation with petroleum and dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN), indicating the influence of terrestrial input. A weak relationship between TOC and chlorophyll-a indicated that phytoplankton was not the dominant source of TOC. TOC fluxes discharged into the JRE were 50.39 × 10 3  t/a in 2010 and 46.08 × 10 3  t/a in 2011, and those transported into the sea were 38.46 × 10 3  t/a in 2010 and 33.66 × 10 3  t/a in 2011, respectively, accounting for approximately 75% of the total estuary fluxes. This study elucidates the biogeochemical processes of estuarine organic carbon and provides a quantitative basis for the land-sea integration of carbon dioxide emission reduction and sink increase projects., (© 2022. The Author(s).)

This study aims to promote the high-quality development of regional agriculture. This study proposes a data-driven method for regional agricultural analysis and evaluation. Based on the data collection and processing related to regional agricultural development, the location entropy index was used to analyze the industrial agglomeration level, and the shift-share model was constructed to evaluate the industrial structure and competitiveness. Based on the above analysis and evaluation, high-quality development policy suggestions for regional agriculture were provided. Taking the agricultural development of the Yangtze River Delta from 2010 to 2019 as an example, this study shows the implementation process of the method. From the perspective of high-quality agricultural development in the Anhui Province, this paper proposes policy suggestions on industrial structure adjustment and promoting competitiveness. This study provides theoretical and methodological support for the development of high-quality regional agriculture., (© 2021. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.)

Geological disasters seriously threaten the safety of human life, property, ecological resources, and the environment. Effective control of geological disasters is the focus of achieving sustainable social development. The Helong City (Jilin Province, China) was selected as the case study. Combined with GIS technology, a new integrated prediction model of geological disaster susceptibility was developed to improve the accuracy of geological disaster assessment, reduce the cost of geological disaster treatment, and ensure the sustainable development of ecological environment. The research results showed that elevation and normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) were the key factors affecting susceptibility. Compared with the conventional model, the accuracy of the developing integrated model FR-DT and FR-RF was improved by more than 6%, and the disaster points were more concentrated in the high susceptibility zone. Statistical results of disaster treatment cost estimation and gross domestic product (GDP) value showed that the integrated model can save about 10% of treatment cost, and the ratio of total GDP/disaster governance cost was higher. The performance of the integrated model FR-DT and FR-RF had obvious advantages over the conventional model in terms of prediction accuracy, prevention pertinence, and prevention cost. These research results promote the advancement of geological disaster prevention and control technology, ensure the safety of the geological environment, and are of great significance to the sustainable development of the regional economy., (Copyright © 2021. Published by Elsevier Inc.)

With the rapid development of logistics park, how to evaluate and optimize the ecological efficiency of logistics park to achieve its sustainable development has become a concern of academia. In order to achieve this goal, this paper puts forward a method based on emergy, which processes the data in a unified dimension. By constructing the ecological efficiency evaluation model of logistics park, it quantitatively evaluates the ecological efficiency of logistics park, and analyzes the correlation between various factors and ecological efficiency. The application results of H logistics park show that fuel oil, information technology, net profit, and waste gas are closely related to the ecological efficiency of logistics park, and the correlation coefficients are 0.8248, -0.6949, 0.8544, and 0.7661, respectively. On this basis, the paper puts forward some suggestions to improve the ecological efficiency of the logistics park. This paper provides theoretical and methodological support for the evaluation and optimization of the ecological efficiency of the logistics park., (© 2021. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.)

Five new tremulane sesquiterpenoids were isolated from co-culture of endophyte Irpex lacteus, phytopathogen Nigrospora oryzae, and entomopathogen Beauveria bassiana. All compounds showed obvious antifeedant activities against silkworm with inhibition percentages of 73-99%, at concentrations of 50 μg/cm 2 . Compound 11 indicated notable antifeedant activity with inhibition percentage of 93% at concentration of 6.25 μg/cm 2 among them. Compounds 2, 3, 4, 8, 9, 15 and 16 indicated anti-fungal activities against I. lacteus with MIC values ≤8 μg/mL, compounds 11, 12, 16-18 showed significant anti-fungal activity against N. oryzae with MICs ≤ 4 μg/mL, and compounds 2, 5, 12 and 18 indicated significant anti-fungal activity against B. bassiana with MICs ≤ 8 μg/mL. In addition, the I. lacteus should unite B. bassiana to inhibit the production of phytotoxins from N. oryzae in the ternary culture., (Copyright © 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)

Background: Peripheral vascular disorders leading to tissue hypoperfusion play a central role in the pathophysiology of organ failure in septic shock. The Doppler snuffbox resistive index (SBRI) can be an accurate parameter to evaluate the status of peripheral vasculature at the bedside. We evaluated whether the SBRI is related to lactate levels or the peripheral perfusion index (PI) and its ability to predict lactate clearance in septic patients., Methods: We conducted a prospective observational study in a tertiary general and teaching hospital in China. From July 2019 to December 2019, all consecutive adult patients with septic shock who required intensive care unit admission were included. At the same time, 20 stable postoperative patients were studied as a control group. We recorded the hemodynamic parameters, including the SBRI and PI, which were measured simultaneously after patient recruitment., Results: We evaluated 44 patients with septic shock in the study group and 20 stable postoperative patients in the control group. Patients with septic shock had higher Sequential Organ Failure Assessment scores, procalcitonin levels, cardiac index (CI) and lactate levels than patients in the control group. The SBRI was correlated with the PI and lactate level. The CI was not correlated with lactate level in the patients examined. Based on lactate clearance in the first 6 h, the septic shock patients were divided into two groups: one with lactate clearance ≥20% (n = 28) and the other with lactate clearance <20% (n = 16). The CI was not significantly different between the two groups. The SBRI of the lactate clearance <20% group was higher than that of the lactate clearance ≥20% group and the control group. The PI of the lactate clearance <20% group was lower than that of the lactate clearance ≥20% group and the control group. The SBRI cutoff value for predicting 6-h lactate clearance after resuscitation was ≥1.09, with a sensitivity of 68.8% and a specificity of 85.7%. The PI cutoff value for predicting 6-h lactate clearance after resuscitation was ≤0.99, with a sensitivity of 64.3% and a specificity of 81.2%. The SBRI was significantly better than the PI for predicting 6-h lactate clearance after resuscitation (area under the curve: 0.805 vs. 0.703, P < 0.05)., Conclusions: The Doppler SBRI is correlated with tissue perfusion parameters in critically ill patients. An abnormal SBRI may be better than the PI for predicting poor lactate clearance in septic patients. Further investigations are required to determine whether correcting an abnormal SBRI and PI may improve the success rate of septic shock resuscitation.

Background: Valvular heart disease is one of the most frequent and challenging heart diseases worldwide. The incidence of complications and cardiothoracic surgical intensive care unit (CSICU) readmission after cardiac valve surgery is high. Because CSICU readmission is costly and adversely impacts the quality life, reducing the risk of CSICU readmission has become one of the main focuses of health care., Objective: To explore the risk factors for CSICU readmission and to establish a risk prediction model for CSICU readmission in heart valve surgical patients., Methods: A total of 1216 patients who had undergone cardiac valvular surgery between January 2016 and August 2017 at the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University were assigned as the development and validation data sets. Data from 824 patients in the development data set were retrospectively analyzed to identify potential risk factors with univariate analysis. Multivariate logistic regression was used to determine the independent risk factors of CSICU readmission, which served as the basis for our prediction model. The calibration and discrimination of the model were assessed by the Hosmer-Lemeshow (H-L) test and the area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, respectively., Results: Six preoperative variables (age ≥ 65, previous chronic lung disease, prior cardiac surgery, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) ≤ 40%, 40% < LVEF ≤ 50%, and New York Heart Association (NYHA) classification III/IV), two intraoperative variables (multiple valve repair/replacement and cardiopulmonary bypass time ≥ 180 min), and five postoperative variables (cardiac arrest, acute respiratory distress syndrome, pneumonia, deep sternal wound infection, and renal failure) were independent risk factors of CSICU readmission. Our risk prediction model, which was established based on the above-mentioned risk factors, had robust discrimination and calibration in both the development and validation data sets., Conclusion: The prediction model established in our study is a simple, objective, and accurate scoring system, which can be used to predict the risk of CSICU readmission and assist researchers with designing intervention strategies to prevent CSICU readmission., (Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Aim: To analyze the variants of the potential causative genes in five Chinese patients with primary distal renal tubular acidosis (dRTA) from five unrelated families, and to explore their possible genotype-phenotype correlations, so as to raise the awareness of the disease., Methods: Variants were identified by next generation sequencing. Clinical features and biochemical findings at the first presentation, as well as at follow-up visits were also investigated. One hundred unrelated healthy subjects were selected to evaluate each of the novel mutations found in this study., Results: A total of seven different mutations in the ATP6V0A4, ATP6V1B1, and SLC4A1 genes, the three main causative genes of dRTA, were detected in 4/5 patients. In patient I a novel heterozygous intronic mutation (c.639 + 1G>A) in the ATP6V0A4 gene was identified along with a heterozygous nonsense variant (c.580C>T, p.Arg194*). Two novel heterozygous missense mutations of the ATP6V1B1 gene (c.409C>T, p.Pro137Ser; c.904C>T, p.Arg302Trp) were identified in patient II. In patient III 2 novel heterozygous duplications (c.1504dupT, p.Tyr502Leufs*22; c.2351dupT, p.Phe785Ilefs*28) were found. Thus, these three patients all were compound heterozygotes leading to dRTA. These findings are consistent with the known autosomal recessive inheritance pattern of this disease. Furthermore, a de novo heterozygous missense mutation previously reported (c.1765C>A, p.Arg589Ser) in the SLC4A1 gene was observed in patient IV. No mutations in any of the known dRTA-related causative genes were found in the patient V., Conclusions: In the present study we identified 7 mutations, including 5 novel variants, in the three genes previously correlated with dRTA, enriching the human gene mutation database (HGMD). In addition, our lack of findings in these three genes for patient V suggests that other genes may contribute to dRTA in some cases.

Objective: To provide decision-making basis for promoting the rapid and healthy development of critical care medicine/intensive care unit (ICU) through discussing the mode of development and construction of the department of ICU., Methods: The situations of ICU of Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University from July 1994 to December 2016 were analyzed and summed up. Data of the situations in different development stages included the location and area of the ward, the number of beds, the number of physicians and nurses, the structure of academic titles and educational levels, the number of patients admitted to ICU per year, the proportion of patients used ventilator per year, the mortality, the mode of the discipline management, the number of medical postgraduates and undergraduates trained in the ICU, the number of teaching hours, the achievements, the number of research projects, the number of published monographs and papers, the number of the multicenter trials that we participated in, the construction of the team, the personal honor, and so on., Results: From 1994 to 2016, the department of ICU had three development stages: the initial development stage of the discipline (from July 1994 to March 2005), the standardization development stage of the discipline (from April 2005 to December 2015), the acceleration development stage of the discipline (from December 2015 to December 2016). The scale of the department expanded from an open unit with 6 beds which was shared with the department of cardiothoracic surgery to 6 enclosed units with 90 beds which were managed independently by the intensivists. The area of the department increased from less than 300 m 2 to more than 7 000 m 2 . There were 46 beds in the mixed ICU, which covered an area of 4 210 m 2 . There was only one physician in 1994 while the number of the physicians increased to 19 in 2016. The number of nurses increased from 4 in 1994 to 69 in 2016. The proportion of highly educated talents significantly increased. Furthermore, from 1994 to 2016, the number of beds increased from 6 to 46; the number of patients admitted to ICU per year increased from 138 to 1 080; and the number of patients used ventilator increased from 24 to 1 057. The mean acute physiology and chronic health evaluation II (APACHE II) score was > 24.0 at admission, while < 12.6 at discharge. From 1997 to 2016, a total of 79 postgraduates had studied in the department, and 390 teaching hours we had undertaken. From 2011 to 2016, a total of 250 undergraduates had studied in the department, and 540 teaching hours we had undertaken. From 1994 to 2016, 8 achievements were obtained, 22 projects were undertook, 4 monographs were published, 6 books were edited that the physicians in the ICU as key editors, 104 papers were published, and 8 national multicenter trials that the physicians in the ICU were as key participants, and multiple team and individual honors were obtained., Conclusions: The construction of ICU hardware is the basis and prerequisite for the development of the discipline and the construction of ICU software is the soul and motivation of the discipline. The operation indexes of clinical medical treatment, teaching and scientific researches reflect the overall operation status of the discipline and the hospital.

Two novel trinorlanostanes, cochlates A and B (1 and 2), with a 3,4-seco-9,10-seco-9,19-cyclo skeleton, as well as six new triterpenoids, fornicatins D-F (3-5) and ganodercochlearins A-C (6-8), together with five known triterpenoids (9-13), were obtained from the fruiting bodies of Ganoderma cochlear. The structural elucidation was achieved by interpretation of spectroscopic data, and compounds 2 and 7a were further characterized by X-ray crystallographic analysis. Fornicatins A, D, and F (10, 3, and 5) and fredelin (13) lowered the ALT and AST levels in HepG2 cells treated with H2O2, suggesting that they could display in vivo hepatoprotective activities.

To understand riverine process of non-point source effectively, first flush effects of storm events were investigated at Baoxiang River of Lake Dianchi Watershed. Three sampling stations were selected along Baoxiang River for observing the flow rate and pollutant concentrations of the first three storm events from June 2009 to August 2009. Net discharged volume, net discharged loading, and net event mean concentration (EMC(n)) were proposed with their calculation methods. According to the analysis of three storm events at three stations, the following results colcd be extracted: (1) the larger the percent of impervious land and population density were, the higher EMC(n) of TSS, TN, TP, permanganate index and their cumulative curves [M(V)] were along the river; (2) TSS, TP loadings as well as their M (V) were positively correlated to the storm intensity, while TN and permanganate index loadings were consistent with the total rainfall of each storm event, where the percent of NO3(-) -N in total nitrogen decreased gradually when the number of storm events increased; (3) compared to tradition EMC, EMC(n) was proven to be a better indicator to accurately uncover and magnify the differences in first flush effects of storm events among different stations or storm events.