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Purpose: This study aims to answer the following questions: (1) Why have attempts to transplant Western vocational education models failed? (2) Is there anything we can learn from the experiences of Eastern Asian countries when developing their own vocational education models? Design/Approach/Methods: This study reviews the history of transplanting Western skill formation schemes into developing countries, an often-failed die-hard practice supported by both bilateral and multilateral donors. Findings: Our findings suggest that developing countries should design their technical and vocational education and training systems based on their unique cultural, sociological, and economic contexts. It offers two alternative pathways based on the experiences of the People's Republic of China and the Republic of Korea. Originality/Value: These East Asian examples could broaden the perspectives of policymakers in developing countries aspiring to develop functional skill formation schemes.

This qualitative study explored the perceptions of EFL students at a Chinese university regarding collocation learning. The participating students were provided with a collocation instruction and practice component over ten weeks within a regular one-semester EFL course. The participants were 15 Chinese first-year non-English major students. The data consisted of semi-structured interviews conducted after the students had completed the intervention component (week 12). Analysis of the transcripts of audio-recorded interviews revealed that the students showed a generally positive attitude towards learning collocations. Also, the collocation component helped the participants raise their awareness of learning collocations, become less dependent on their first language in interpreting and using collocations, and highly value the importance of collocations in writing and translation. The students also expressed some concerns in learning and using collocations. Pedagogical implications are discussed.

Colleges and universities have been playing an increasingly important role in regional innovation-driven development. Based on panel data (1999-2016) of 287 cities in China, this study conducted an empirical analysis of the influences of the new campuses which were built for the expanded college enrollment on the city's patentable inventions and innovations. The Time-varying DID model was adopted in the analysis. The regression results demonstrate that newly built campuses have boosted inventions and innovations in their cities, benefiting various innovators including individuals and firms; that the impact of newly built campuses increases over time; the newly built campuses of vocational colleges have mainly influenced innovation actors like businesses, while those of regular colleges and universities have impacted both individuals and organizations; that the new campus built in the different city from its headquarter exerts greater promoting effects on the innovation of the city than the campus relocated in the original city and the campus of a newly established university; that the indirect effect of newly built campuses on the invention of all innovation actors is more significant than the impact of their direct collaboration with the latter; that a newly built campus have a more prominent effect on regional innovation when it is situated in an area with a high concentration of universities; and that the existence of the old campus of a university amplifies the promoting effect of its newly built campus on local innovation and the amplifying function strengthens over time.

Given that online higher education shows no sign of abating during the COVID-19 pandemic in Australia, understanding the nature of e-learning and e-learners in this particular setting is much needed. However, little is known about the e-learning approaches that international students apply, or about how they experience the process of e-learning. This article is a critical reflection on the misalignment between an international student's (Author 1) e-learning behaviours and the expectation of online education. It outlines the autoethnographic method and employs self-study to explore why Author 1 behaves in a certain way with particular reference made to the Biggs' 3P model. In so doing, the study attempts to shed light on the values and interests of international students that have been silenced in the discourse of e-learning design in Australian universities. With the aim of obtaining a profound insight into the effectiveness of e-learning, the present study challenges the notion that the virtual university is a means of achieving educational equality; it suggests the potential of online education in undermining the social inclusion agenda of internationalised universities. The findings show that while the participant could engage with the curriculum to some extent, there are signs of disconnection, isolation and emotional instability associated with the establishment and development of the e-learning environment. Illustrations of these emerging issues could help educators better understand the downside of e-learning and e-practice by identifying various influential elements, including individuals' socioeconomic status, cultural heritage and environmental learning settings. The study points out that international students' education outcomes could be compromised, and expectations could be unfulfilled via e-learning. Thus, there is a further need to prepare learners for e-learning environments.

Purpose: This study investigates the impact of Confucius Institutes on China's international education initiatives. First, it examines whether the establishment of Confucius Institutes has a gravitational effect on the scale of foreign students coming to China. Second, it discerns whether there are any association between the establishment of Confucius Institutes and the attributes of foreign students based on the type of program they select. Third, it identifies whether there are any differences in the impact of Confucius Institutes based on constraints such as the number of foreign students, income levels, cultural distance, and geographical endowment. Design/Approach/Methods: Based on the trade gravity model and the push-pull theory, we estimated a two-way fixed-effects model using panel data of all source countries from 1999 to 2015. Findings: Results show that Confucius Institutes have helped China attract more foreign students on Chinese government scholarships, with each Institute increasing such enrolment by 1.3%. However, Confucius Institutes have resulted in a drop in the total number of foreign students studying in China, especially nondegree students. This substitution effect means that the Institutes actually help China improve the composition of its foreign students. Further heterogeneity analysis shows that the substitution effect is primarily driven by the main source countries. Accordingly, this study suggests that China should establish more Confucius Institutes in Africa and Eastern Europe to maximize the catalyzing effect of Confucius Institutes. Originality/Value: In contrast to previous studies on foreign scholarship in China, this study examines all 190 source countries from 1999 to 2015. This comprehensive study also explores the heterogeneous effects of foreign students on trade across economic, cultural, and geographical domains.

This study used the historical research method to explore the Chinese government's role in building world-class universities. We traced the government's role in pushing policies for: (1) accelerating academic improvement; and (2) enhancing the involvement of provincial governments in achieving universities' world-class status. The findings revealed the effectiveness of using both direct and indirect interventions on establishing universities of world-class status. Talented Chinese academics working in flagship universities overseas returned and signed tenure contracts with key Chinese universities following national strategies. However, publication requirements tended to deter academics' quality publications. Moreover, the national priority on achieving world-class status resulted in the concentration of the best Chinese students in major cities for studying and working, consequently leading to regional stratification. Graduates from elite Chinese universities also have more opportunities to earn higher incomes and better career prospects than other graduates. Future studies may adopt a similar strategy to investigate conditions in other countries.

Italy, a country with a great cultural tradition and a founding member of the European Union (EU), since 2004 very actively contributes to the cultural cooperation activities of EU with non European countries. This paper is a detailed review of the status of those activities, which can be subdivided into joint "Master Mundus" Actions and bilateral teaching and research cooperation agreements established between Italian and Chinese higher education institutions. The University of Padova (UP) has been adopted as a relevant a case study, with teaching and research cooperations spanning from the "S&T" to "Medicine," "Law" and "Humanities." The results obtained so far are promising.

This paper draws on a small-scale qualitative study with international students enrolled in various English- and Chinese-medium instruction programs in Chinese universities. It seeks to explore these students' educational experiences and their perceptions of China and China's higher education. Our study provides ample evidence about the irrelevance of Chinese language in the current policies and practices of Chinese universities regarding internationalization and international students. It also counters earlier studies that show how deeply rooted the discourses of native speaker and native-speaking varieties of English are in English-medium-instruction programs around the world. All in all, the paper makes theoretical and empirical contributions to the emerging literature on international students' education and academic experiences in China. Through accounts obtained from international students of varied backgrounds, the paper also sheds light on nuances of internationalization, medium of instruction, and academic mobilities.

This study uses two waves of data from the China Family Panel Studies to investigate the effect of income on satisfaction with spouse's economic contribution among couples in China. We find that the level of personal income is important in determining one's satisfaction with spouse's economic contribution. The wife's income level tends to associate with the husband's satisfaction towards to wife's economic contribution in general and among dual-earner couples. The husband's income is not significantly associate with the wife's satisfaction in general, but it matters for dual-earner couples and husband-only earning couples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

China has a conservative sex culture and does not include contraception as part of its sex education curriculum. As a result, young people tend to search for sex information online. How college students seek contraception information, by what means, and the factors affecting their information seeking are poorly understood. To better understand these issues, this study compares the Planned Risk Information-Seeking Model (PRISM) with an expanded model that incorporates device preference and differentiates between perceived severity and vulnerability. The expanded model was found to fit and explain the data better than PRISM. Results indicate that perceived vulnerability to unwanted pregnancy is related to information seeking while perceived severity is not. While perceived severity substantially influenced the affective response to unwanted pregnancy, the affective response was not related to information-seeking behaviour. Channel belief on the other hand proved to be a significant predictor of seeking contraception information online. Our findings also suggest that Chinese college students prefer using smartphones to seeking contraceptive information online. We discuss the implications of using this for providing online sex education on demand to young people.

Psychological strain is associated with suicidal behavior; however, the way that psychological strain leads to suicidal behavior remains unclear. The current study examines the mediation effect of psychache on the relationship between psychological strain and suicidal behavior among Chinese Hui and Han medical students. A total of 1,696 enrolled medical students (974 Han and 722 Hui) were administered the Psychological Strain Scale (PSS), the Suicide Behavior Questionnaire-Revised (SBQ-R) scale, and the Psychache Scale. There were significant differences in the PSS between different ethnic groups. Correlation analysis showed that both psychological strain and psychache were positively correlated with suicidal behaviors, and the two predictive variables were also positively correlated. The mediation effect test procedure showed that the direct and indirect effects (mediator effect) of psychological strain on suicidal behaviors were significant. The findings indicate that psychological strain partially induced psychache in both two ethnicity groups, leading to suicidal behavior in Chinese medical college students.

Dating violence prevention programs have been understudied in Asia, including China. The current study sought to evaluate the feasibility of the Dating Compassion, Assessment, reFerral, and Education (CAFE) Ambassador Programme in China. This program is designed to enhance the behavioral intentions of Chinese students to help peers who are experiencing dating violence and to compare students' attitudes toward dating violence, students' subjective norms about helping peers, and students' perceived behavioral control in helping peers before and after attending the 7.5 hour program. A quasi-experimental design was used, including two student groups (n = 85) assessed at baseline and 3-month follow-up. Quantitative pre- and postintervention measurements, in conjunction with qualitative focus group interviews, were used to evaluate the program's effectiveness. The findings indicated a significant enhancement in the behavioral intentions of participants in the intervention group to help peers experiencing dating violence, a stronger subjective norm regarding helping others, and an enhanced sense of perceived behavioral control to help, compared with the control group, over time. Focus group data revealed that students who participated in the program developed a more comprehensive definition of dating violence, increased awareness of dating violence in peers, a shift in their focus concerning the role of intention in dating violence and felt more responsible for helping their peers. The findings support the effectiveness of the Dating CAFE Ambassador Programme.

Men who have sex with men (MSM) who use dating applications (apps) have higher rates of engaging in condomless anal sex than those who do not. Therefore, we conducted a two-arm randomized controlled trial to evaluate the effectiveness of an interactive web-based intervention in promoting safer sex among this population. The intervention was guided by the Theory of Planned Behavior and co-designed by researchers, healthcare providers, and MSM participants. The primary outcome was the frequency of condomless anal sex in past three months. Secondary outcomes included five other behavioral outcomes and two psychological outcomes. This trial was registered on ISRCTN (ISRCTN16681863) on 2020/04/28. A total of 480 MSM were enrolled and randomly assigned to the intervention or control group. Our findings indicate that the intervention significantly reduced condomless anal sex behaviors by enhancing self-efficacy and attitudes toward condom use among MSM dating app users, with the effects sustained at both three and six months. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This paper aims to clarify the differences between students' travel behaviours in Australia and China and the association between students' environmental attitudes and their travel behaviours in both countries. Design/methodology/approach: The paper extensively reviewed most of existing literature work on commuting patterns of higher education students with referring to different studies around the world and then used it to build a theoretical framework and conceptual model to relate the travel patterns of students to built environment, personal demographics and environmental knowledge/consideration. An online survey was used with 230 students at Mawson Lakes campus of University of South Australia and Beiyangyuan campus of Tianjin University (China). Statistical tests (i.e. mean test, one-way analysis of variance, factor analysis) were used to analyse the data. Findings: The study reveals that a high dependence on private vehicles amongst students at the Mawson Lakes campus, whilst a more environmentally sustainable modal choice dominated at the Beiyangyuan campus. Those who studied at Mawson Lakes campus tended to have stronger involvement in environmental activities than their counterparts at Beiyangyuan campus, which presented a clear association between environmental awareness and the travel behaviours of the sampled students. Research limitations/implications: The study focussed on two respective campuses of both universities in Australia and China. Future work could be expanded with students at all campuses of two universities. Practical implications: The study affirmed the value of nurturing environmental awareness for students in both universities to encourage more environmentally sustainable travel behaviours amongst students. The paper provides policy recommendations such as establishing infrastructure, and facilities for new stream of mobility included sharing bike schemes, which would be very practical due to flexibility and cost effectiveness within University campuses. The paper attempted to transfer lessons from Chinese bike friendly society to Adelaide's car dominated campus. Originality/value: This study brings remarkable contributions as comparing university students' travel behaviours in two different nations. It is the first one in Australia, which links the environmental concerns among university students with their travel behaviours. The paper was successful in getting the gap between theory and practice filled to some extent. The paper has a capability to be used as an evidence-base work in the area of sustainability education.

The goal of our study was to examine a large (>400), cross-sectional sample of Chinese pre-service biology teachers (PBTs) in order to document their evolution acceptance levels, evolution knowledge, and evolutionary reasoning patterns. This approach was taken in order to better understand the degree to which particular evolutionary reasoning difficulties exist independent of religious worldviews. The sample included (1) 160 PBTs tasked with completing four items from the ACORNS instrument, (2) 320 PBTs who completed the CINS and MATE instruments, and (3) 32 teachers who completed semi-structured clinical interviews using four ACORNS items. Findings from these samples revealed that Chinese PBTs' knowledge (CINS) and acceptance (MATE) were equivalent with teachers' scores from other countries, whereas performance on explanation tasks was lower. Scores from the CINS, MATE, and ACORNS did not reveal any significant improvements through the four-year teacher education programme. Although a large body of work has shown the important roles that religious affiliation and religiosity can play in evolutionary understanding and acceptance, our findings demonstrate that many evolutionary reasoning difficulties extend beyond religious factors, and add to a growing body of work showing that religiosity does not adequately account for PBTs' moderate evolution acceptance.

The tectonic deformation of the southeastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau underwent significant changes before and after the Miocene, which led to the change of the deformation characteristics of the Sichuan‐Yunnan block, and some local areas in the block also showed structural patterns inconsistent with the macroscopic clockwise rotation deformation. Moreover, the Chenghai fault (CF) in the Sichuan‐Yunnan block was the seismogenic fault of the M 73/4 Yongsheng earthquake in 1515. However, the dense vegetation impeded the acquisition of surface deformation characteristics and small‐scale horizontal offsets along the fault, resulting in its misty kinematic properties, roughly determined geometric distribution, and the highly controversial rupture parameters of the Yongsheng earthquake. Therefore, we used airborne light detection and ranging, which can penetrate vegetation to obtain high‐resolution surface topography, to map the CF within 120 km. Combined with satellite images and field investigations, we determined that the CF consists of a series of secondary faults with simple geometric structures. Continuous offset linear landforms were preserved along the fault. 102 offsets below 30 m were statistically analyzed and the result revealed that the CF has a characteristic displacement of ∼6 m and it may rupture as a united rupture segment in each large earthquake or its two rupture segments cascade rupture to generate large earthquakes. The magnitude of the Yongsheng earthquake in 1515 was estimated at 7.7. Finally, based on this study, the kinematic characteristics of the Dali terrane and Sichuan‐Yunnan block, where the CF is located are discussed. Key Points: We obtained the fine geometry of the Chenghai fault (CF) and determined its kinematic propertyWe reestimated the magnitude of the Yongsheng earthquake in 1515We discussed the seismogenic pattern of the CF and kinematic characteristics of the Dali terrane and Sichuan‐Yunnan block [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Due to the importance of trees in urban ecosystems, it is crucial to understand the distribution, prevalence, and intensity of parasitic mistletoe infection across urban landscapes. In this study, we aimed to understand how various tree-related factors (e.g., tree taxonomy, size, pruning history, nativity, foliage, density, and diversity) might influence mistletoe prevalence and infection intensity across a typical subtropical urban greenspace. We surveyed 6,012 trees representing 96 species, 76 genera, and 44 families across a large, urban university campus in a major Southwest Chinese city. In total, we found 353 mistletoe host trees (prevalence: 5.87%), largely concentrated on the eastern part of campus, partially due to the proximity of waterbodies and a large adjacent greenspace, as well as higher tree density. To understand how predictors affected the prevalence and intensity of mistletoe infection, we used a hurdle model fitting our zero-inflated count data. Four independent variables significantly affected the prevalence of mistletoe infestation, with three demonstrating positive correlations (crown width, tree density, and tree diversity). One variable (evergreen foliage) negatively correlated with mistletoe prevalence. However, only one factor was found to significantly affect mistletoe infection intensity (crown width, positively). Due to the variety of ecosystem services mistletoes provide, more studies are necessary to assess the impact of various mistletoe management strategies, especially on urban biodiversity. Highlights: Of 6,012 surveyed trees, 353 hosted mistletoes, but 50 of 96 species did not. Four tree-related factors affected mistletoe prevalence (3 positively/1 negatively). Only tree size (positively) affected infection intensity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Previous research has encouraged a cultural specific framework to be developed through research in Asian countries, such as China, to help internationalize the findings and help athletes to adapt them to their society and culture. Based on a socioecological framework, this study investigated how social-ecological determinants affect elite student athletes' (ESA) experience of the socialization process of dual career development in Hong Kong and Taiwan. We interviewed eight ESAs who trained at the national level, studying simultaneously at universities in Hong Kong and Taiwan. Grounded theory techniques and procedures were used to analyze the data. Results revealed that ESAs are affected by interrelated determinants at different levels: individual (career aims, identities, roles, characters, self-efficacy, and motivation), micro-level (coaches, teammates, parents, siblings, physical education [PE] teachers, other teachers, alumni, seniors, and classmates), meso-level (interrelations between individual and micro-level), exo-level (government, financial, policy, academic, medical, and parent-teacher association), macro-level (attitudes, norms, values, beliefs, resources, and culture), and chrono-level (transition).

Currently, an increasing number of Chinese urban citizens are participating in daily physical exercise. Existing research has shown that physical exercise can increase life satisfaction. However, some studies also suggest that the relationship between the two is unstable. The purposes of this study are to examine physical exercise and to test its correlation with life satisfaction of urban residents in China. Data are obtained from the 2018 China Family Panel Studies, and we focus on urban residents. Our overall sample size is 7423 people, including 3641 females (49.05%) and 3782 males (50.95%), with an average age of 49.55 years old. Because the dependent variables are continuous variables, the multiple linear regression model is used for data analysis. We find that the life satisfaction of Chinese urban residents is on the high side. Our core discovery is that there is a significant positive relationship between the frequency and duration of physical exercise and life satisfaction. Our further discovery is that the frequency of physical exercise affects life satisfaction by influencing popularity and positive emotions. Similarly, the duration of physical exercise affects life satisfaction by influencing popularity and positive emotions. Whether it is the frequency or the duration of physical exercise, it can reflect the residents' attention to physical exercise. Physical exercise habits not only promote physical health by strengthening physical fitness but also promote mental health by alleviating depression and promote social communication by increasing social activities in the Chinese context. All of these can improve people's life satisfaction. Our research suggests that the improvement in life satisfaction not only needs the abundance of external material conditions but also needs the individual to improve their physical and mental health through physical exercise. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The glass compound eye bead is the exquisite embodiment of the glassmaking technology of ancient craftsmen, and is an example of the cultural exchange between China and the West during the Warring States Period. This study takes two dots and mesh beads with seriously weathered surfaces excavated from Hejia village, Zhouling as the research object. Micromorphology, X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (XRF), microscopic laser Raman spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) were respectively used to determine the chemical elements, valence states and compositions of the glass matrix and its weathering products. In this study, the valence state analysis of group-d elements is used to reveal the electron transition mode and explain the colour formation reason of blue-black glass matrix. In terms of weathering products, in addition to the identification of common cerusite [PbCO3] and barite [BaSO4], the study also found the blue weathering product alforsite [Ba5(PO4)3Cl] for the first time. The study also makes reasonable assumptions about the reasons for their appearance. The X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) used in this study has positive significance for the study of the formation mechanism of glass colour. The scientific and technological analysis data of these two glass beads provide basic data for the related research of the lead-barium glass system produced in China, and also provide a certain scientific basis for the related protection research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Langya virus (LayV) is a recently discovered henipavirus (HNV), isolated from febrile patients in China. HNV entry into host cells is mediated by the attachment (G) and fusion (F) glycoproteins which are the main targets of neutralizing antibodies. We show here that the LayV F and G glycoproteins promote membrane fusion with human, mouse, and hamster target cells using a different, yet unknown, receptor than Nipah virus (NiV) and Hendra virus (HeV) and that NiV-and HeV-elicited monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies do not cross-react with LayV F and G. We determined cryoelectron microscopy structures of LayV F, in the prefusion and postfusion states, and of LayV G, revealing their conformational landscape and distinct antigenicity relative to NiV and HeV. We computationally designed stabilized LayV G constructs and demonstrate the generalizability of an HNV F prefusion-stabilization strategy. Our data will support the development of vaccines and therapeutics against LayV and closely related HNVs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Over the last decade, research on evolving computational thinking (CT) has garnered heightened attention. Assessing the publication tendencies and nucleus contents of investigations on progressing CT to direct future research initiatives, develop policies, and integrate them into instructional materials is timely and exceedingly essential in education. Therefore, this research reviewed publications on progressing CT to identify research trends and core contents published in the Scopus database from 2008 to May 2022. For this reason, this study applied bibliometric and content analysis to 132 selected publications. After examining bibliometrics, the findings indicate a steady increase in publications related to game-based learning (GBL) and CT, reaching a peak in 2021, with the United States emerging as the most prolific contributor in terms of authors, institutions, and countries). The leading country in citations is primarily China. The document that received the most citations is Hsu's 2018 paper on "Computers and Education". Analysis of keywords and themes reveals core content tendencies, emphasizing teaching methods and attitudes aimed at improving CT via GBL. These results offer valuable insights for researchers and educators to inform their future work. However, future studies may benefit from including other databases such as Web of Science (WoS) and PubMed, employing alternative bibliometric software like VOSviewer or CiteSpace, as well as collecting data from June 2022. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines the effects of roommates on students' academic outcomes exploiting the randomized roommate assignment system at a selective Chinese university. Unlike earlier studies that could not measure students' academic quality precisely, this paper makes two important improvements in measuring their English proficiency and overall academic aptitude. I find that randomly assigned roommates' average pre-treatment academic abilities are not significant determinants of students' academic performance across a number of different specifications. However, students are significantly influenced by roommates' decisions in terms of the number of elective course credits taken and the choice of major.

Technology change is a key factor in the change of lifestyles in the society in the 21st century. The rapid alternation of computers, the Internet, and smart phones has human beings live in the information-built environment. Information technology is also applied to measure the modernization of a nation. A lot of countries even list computer learning as a primary course in the compulsory education, as the one mastering the latest information in the information flood could dominate everything and present better competitiveness in the world. Such a trend reflects on the education, especially the informatized administrative environments and information integrated instruction in schools, because convenient network information enhances interpersonal interaction breaking through traditional restrictions of space and time. Aiming at the teachers of universities in Fujian Province, total 500 copies of questionnaires are distributed, and 276 valid copies are collected, with the retrieval rate 55%. The research results show significant correlations between 1. information literacy and lifelong learning, 2. lifelong learning and school effectiveness, and 3. information literacy and school effectiveness. This study could help educational sectors better understand the current situation and discover the encountered problems and challenges. Based on such situations, suggestions are provided for education sectors. In addition to the academic contribution, this study also presents the value for practical reference.

In recent years, mobile payment has gained widespread popularity and has become the main payment method for many consumers in China. With the increase in user scale and usage frequency, the scale of mobile payment transactions will continue to grow in the future. This study aimed at investigating the impact of electronic payment platform service characteristics on customer usage intentions in a user-centered study in China. This study made use of SPSS 22.0 handles basic statistics, while the statistical tool Smart PLS 3.0 handles hypothesis testing. A survey of 70 people who used electronic payment platforms was conducted. Results of the study revealed that between electronic payment platform service characteristics, convenience, security, reliability, and reactivity. The impact on customer usage intention and usage behavior is as follows: characteristics, convenience, security, reliability, and reactivity of electronic payment platform services. The results of the survey showed that users' attitudes towards usage and user behavior had a positive impact. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: This study aimed to identify the 100 most-cited and 100 most-mentioned coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19)–related radiological articles and compare their characteristics. Materials and methods: We searched the Web of Science and Altmetric.com using the search terms "COVID," "COVID-19," "Coronavirus," "SARS-CoV-2," "nCoV," and "pandemic" to identify the most-cited and most-mentioned COVID-19-related articles. We identified the top 100 most-cited and 100 most-mentioned articles in the field of radiology, regardless of their publication journal. We extracted the information from the listed articles and compared the characteristics between the most-cited and most-mentioned. Results: Thirty (30%) articles were featured in the lists of the most-cited and most-mentioned articles. The comparison of the 100 most-cited and most-mentioned articles on each list showed that the most frequently cited articles were published in November 2020 and before (p <.001), originated from China (p <.001), covered the topic of diagnosis of COVID-19 (p <.001), and were related to the subspecialty of pulmonary imaging (p <.001); the most frequently mentioned articles were published in December 2020 and after (p <.001), originated from the USA (p <.001), covered the topic of diagnosis of sequelae of COVID-19 (p =.013) and post-vaccination complications (p <.001), and were related to the subspecialties of cardiac imaging (p <.001) and neuroradiology (p <.013). Conclusion: Significant differences were observed in publication date, country of origin, topic, and subspecialty of scientific knowledge related to COVID-19 in the field of radiology, between citation and public dissemination. Clinical relevance statement: This bibliometric analysis compares the 100 most-cited and 100 most-mentioned COVID-19-related radiologic articles, aiming to provide valuable insights into the patterns of knowledge dissemination during the pandemic era. Key Points: • Thirty articles were featured on the lists of the 100 most-cited and 100 most-mentioned COVID-19-related articles. • The 70 unique most-cited articles more frequently originated from China (48.6%), while the unique most-mentioned articles more frequently originated from the USA (51.4%) (p < 0.001). • The 70 unique most-mentioned articles were more frequently related to cardiac imaging (25.7% vs.0%, p < 0.001) and neuroradiology (15.7% vs. 1.4%, p < 0.005) compared to the unique most-mentioned articles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An emerging social issue engrossing research involves heterosexual wives of homosexual/bisexual men (tongqi in Chinese). These wives often marry without knowing their husbands' homosexuality. When realizing their husbands' HIV or sexually transmitted infection, the wives are likely to substitute for their husbands by remarrying. Meanwhile, homosexual husbands are likely to substitute for their remarrying wives and contract HIV or sexually transmitted infection. To substantiate these likelihoods, a survey of 39 tongqi provided event history data to investigate relationships between the husband's infection and the wife's remarrying. Results supported the hypotheses that the wife's knowing her husband's HIV or sexually transmitted infection predominantly predicted her remarrying, and the wife's remarrying predicted her knowing her husband's HIV or sexually transmitted infection. These results imply assisting the remarrying of the wife of the man with HIV or sexually transmitted infection and preventing the man's sexually transmitted infection after his wife's remarriage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the influence of brand-targeted animosity on consumers' boycott intentions for target fashion products via their cognitive and affective evaluations, in the context of the "Xinjiang cotton ban" incident. The moderating role of xenocentrism was also examined. Design/methodology/approach: Data were collected through an online survey in China using convenience sampling, and 411 valid responses were obtained. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS 26.0 for the descriptive statistics, frequency analysis and reliability analysis. AMOS 24.0 was employed for the confirmatory factor and structural equation modeling analyses. Bootstrapping analysis using PROCESS Macro was employed to analyze the moderating effects. Findings: This study found that consumers' brand animosity directly and positively affected boycott intentions and that this influence was sequentially mediated through cognitive-affective evaluations. However, cognitive product judgment did not directly affect boycott intentions. The results showed that xenocentrism had a moderating effect on the relationship between animosity and cognitive judgment. The higher the xenocentrism of consumers, the weaker the negative effect of animosity was on cognitive judgment. Originality: This study bridges the gap in the literature on animosity and xenocentrism in a fashion-related context through examining the consequences of brand animosity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research primarily aimed to examine the compatibility of teaching perspectives of teachers with the Physical Education (PE) curriculum in China. The Teaching Perspective Inventory (Pratt, 1998) was used to collect data from 272 PE teachers. Descriptive statistics, MANOVAs, and correlational procedures were used for quantitative data analysis. Results indicated that PE teachers had a common pattern of a single dominant teaching perspective. Student personal growth was addressed but less attention was given to changes in society and learners' thinking. The findings suggest that the teachers' perspectives may be incompatible with the focus of the current Chinese PE curriculum. Furthermore, the significant correlations among the teaching perspectives reflect the interdependence of these viewpoints. As a result, teachers' perspectives on teaching need to be considered thoroughly when PE reformers attempt to modify the curricula. Finally, gender, years of teaching experience, and teaching level were the factors associated with the variation in teaching perspectives. However, academic degree and sampling methods (convenient sampling and random sampling) were not.

The topic of silence and "the Chinese learner" has been extensively studied often in relation to cross-cultural adjustment, intercultural issues, learning styles, language ability and differences of classroom expectations. These studies have often led to recommendations to understand silence and "the Chinese learner" in more complex ways. However, there is a real need to go beyond just recognising the complexity and myths underlying these two notions. This article consolidates the need to recognise diversity and fluidity among this group of students and the changing time and space in which silence experiences among them are contextualised and studied. It does so by revisiting established meanings of in-class silence obtained from a qualitative case study with "Me Generation" Chinese students studying in Australia, while contextualising the phenomenon in both Chinese and Australian classrooms. Pedagogical implications building upon the discussion of silence as "right, choice, resistance and strategy" among these students are provided.

This article examines how and why the Chinese second-generation middle class, who are unable to obtain admission in China's premier universities, turn their back on other public universities and instead attend private universities in their country. It finds that their parents capitalize on their privileged "guanxi" (connections) to send their children to private universities and then study abroad to secure a generational reproduction of their class status and mobility. The Chinese new middle class families look upon joint-partnership private universities as the stepping stone for overseas study. In addition, this article examines how extant Western class theories, including Weberian, Neo-Weberian, and Bourdieuian theories, cannot provide an adequate account of class formation and the generational stratification in present-day China. To explain this reproduction of class in contemporary China, this paper explores how and why the Maoist social institutions of "danwei" (work unit) and "hukou" (household registration) still matter in post-reform China in determining middle class's life chance. Seen in this light, the progenies of cadres and skilled professionals are the main beneficiaries of economic reform.

This paper explores the role of evidence in maternal health policy processes in Vietnam, India and China. Both formal and informal types of evidence were used; and differences were found between the stages of policy processes. Evidence used mostly covered easily quantifiable issues and clearly identifiable technical solutions. Different policy actors were involved; actors' evidence preferences were affected by their power, agendas, values and perceived characteristics of robust evidence. To enhance evidence role there is a need to: develop culture of evidence-informed policies; value different evidence types; ensure evidence use throughout policy processes; recognise and manage actors' agendas; and develop context-specific strategies.

Urban air mobility (UAM) is ready to fly and is a disruptive technology in improving city tourism. This study explores the roles of innovation characteristics, motivated consumer innovativeness, and attitude in stimulating intention to use UAM, with consideration of cultural differences. For this, we adopted both symmetric and asymmetric approaches based on data gathered in the United States and China. This study examined the structural relationships between predictors and tested the moderating effect of problem awareness in the link between motivated consumer innovativeness and attitude in developing travelers' approach behaviors relating to UAM. This study found multiple solutions based on a complex interplay among antecedents, and identified a necessary condition to drive intention to use UAM. Our findings from multiple analytic approaches help to advance the current knowledge of UAM adoption behavior in different cultures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hazards associated with microplastics (MPs) and the pollutants they absorb in freshwater lake ecosystems have become a hot research topic in academia. In this study, in order to investigate potential affiliated MP hazards, lake MP samples were collected from a typical subtropical freshwater lake system in China (Poyang Lake) during the dry season (here, you should show the specific months) to explore their potential toxic element (PTE) response (i.e., exposure to Cu, Pb, and Zn) respective to the ecological environment and resident phytoplankton. Results show that average MP abundance in surface water can reach up to 1800 items m−3, which higher in the Nanjishan Wetland National Nature Reserve (NWNNR) (1175 items m−3). Polyester (i.e., purified terephthalic acid [PTA]) and polyethylene (PE) were the main polymer types found in surface water, fiber was the main MP shape, and most of the MP particle sizes are greater than 100 μm. Moreover, phytoplankton biomass was significantly higher in the NWNNR compared to Poyang Lake's retention basin and water channel. It indicated that MP pollutant status of Poyang Lake is mild; however, the ecological risks that MPs pose should not be ignored. The significant positive correlation between MPs and PTEs indicated that PTE absorption and desorption by MPs may cause potential ecological stress. Although we anticipate no direct link between ecotoxicity and phytoplankton, MPs may have indirect effects on phytoplankton through their regulatory effects on PTE levels in water. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses the 1st Joint Workshop on the A3 Foresight Program, which brought together climate and environmental scientists from South Korea, China, and Japan to share research on climate change, extreme weather events, aerosol-climate interactions, and the socioeconomic impacts on communities in Northeast Asia. The workshop aimed to reactivate international collaborations that were disrupted by the COVID-19 pandemic and highlighted the need for improved understanding and prediction of climate behavior in the region. The article also discusses studies on climate changes, monsoon dynamics, aerosol concentrations, and the socioeconomic impacts of climate change on Northeast Asian communities. The workshop was successful in fostering international networking and will be followed by a second workshop in China. [Extracted from the article]

Emergent research identifies cultural tightness‐looseness as an important factor for understanding cross‐national outcome differences during the coronavirus pandemic. Because perceived tightness‐looseness can be measured as an individual‐level difference rather than a nation‐level difference, and because tightness‐looseness may shift during large‐scale crises, we investigated whether such shifts occurred early in the coronavirus pandemic in both China (a relatively tight nation, n = 3642) and the U.S. (a relatively loose nation, n = 3583) across three cohorts. Tightness increased across cohorts in China and reduced across cohorts in the U.S. These changes transmitted corresponding indirect effects whereby compliance and institutional trust (scientific and government) about the pandemic were increased in China across cohorts, but decreased in the U.S. across cohorts. These patterns extend advice that national governments can increase compliance and trust via "tightening" by cautioning against norm‐setters signaling the reverse (that norms about compliance are loose) given the outcomes observed in the U.S. samples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Meiyu occurs in Yangtze‐Huaihe River valley (YHRV) every summer. Its intensity, distribution, and intraseasonal variation are greatly influenced by atmospheric forcings from different directions, such as the monsoon southwesterlies from the south, the western Pacific subtropical high (WPSH) in the east, the atmospheric longwave activities in the north, the southwest vortex from the west, and so on. In this study, to explore the contributions of the atmospheric forcings from different directions to 2020 extreme Meiyu, Regional Climate Model version 4.6 (RegCM4.6) is employed. A series of sensitivity experiments are conducted with realistic or climatological averaged lateral boundary conditions. The results show that the monsoon westerlies from the south transport moisture and heat to YHRV, converge with the cold air brought by the frequent atmospheric longwave activities in the north, and result in this extreme Meiyu. The frequent cold air from the north can lift warm air, provide unstable conditions, and make the distribution of precipitation similar to the teleconnection pattern in East Asia. The stable WPSH in the east anchors the 2020 Meiyu rainband to the YHTV for a long time. In addition, the contributions of the atmospheric forcings from different directions to evolution of 2020 Meiyu change with time. Before 10 June, the WPSH in the east mainly contributes to the Meiyu evolution. From 11 June to 3 July, the combined effects of atmospheric forcings from the south and north are dominant. From 3 July to 10 July, the cold air from the north plays a major role. Plain Language Summary: The typical rainy season of the East Asian summer monsoon, Meiyu, occurs in Yangtze‐Huaihe River valley (YHRV) in China every summer. Its intensity, distribution and intraseasonal variation are greatly influenced by the monsoon southwesterlies from the south, the western Pacific subtropical high in the east, the atmospheric longwave activities in the north, the southwest vortex from the west and so on. In the summer of 2020, the record‐breaking Meiyu rainfall, featuring an early onset, delayed retreat, abundant precipitation, and frequent heavy rainstorm processes, appeared in the YHRV. However, the contributions and roles of atmospheric forcings from different directions to 2020 Meiyu have not been well analyzed. In this study, Regional Climate Model version 4.6 (RegCM4.6) is employed to simulate the 2020 Meiyu, and a series of sensitivity experiments are conducted. The results show that atmospheric forcings from different directions play different roles in the occurrence and movement of the Meiyu rain belt in 2020. In addition, the contributions of atmospheric forcings to the 2020 Meiyu from different directions change with time. The results improve the understanding of the occurrence and maintenance mechanisms of Meiyu. Key Points: The extreme Meiyu in 2020 occurs due to specific atmospheric forcings which are different from the climatological conditionsThe atmospheric forcings from different directions play different roles in the occurrence and evolution of the Meiyu rain belt in 2020The contributions of atmospheric forcings to the 2020 Meiyu from different directions change with time during the Meiyu period [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

When the Quadrilateral Security Dialogue (Quad) was resuscitated in November 2017, it was framed as a minilateral grouping of liberal democratic countries to build a free and open Indo-Pacific in the shadow of China's growing assertiveness. However, this Quad 2.0 had not taken collective action until 2021. The four states neither held leaders' summit meetings nor issued joint statements after lower-level meetings. They took no joint quadrilateral actions to deter China either. From a constructivist perspective, this paper addresses this puzzle by critically revisiting the alleged common identity of the four states. It argues that India's national identity has not been built on the ontological difference between liberal democracy and autocracy but on a complex amalgamation of non-alignment, post-imperial ideology, Hindu nationalism and Indian exceptionalism. India, having held a vision of establishing an India–China partnership in Asia, did not regard China as its significant Other until the deadly border clashes between them in June 2020. China's expansionism has challenged India's identity as the pre-eminent power in South Asia and its vision of an equal China–India partnership. Despite India's increased cooperation with its Quad partners since then, the Quad is built more on geopolitical pragmatism than on shared liberal norms and values. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Angelica dahurica radix has a long history of traditional use in China and Korea for treating headaches, cold-damp pain and skin diseases. Despite various pharmacological studies on A. dahurica, its impact on bones remains unclear. Hence, this study investigated the inhibitory effect of A. dahurica's radix water extract (WEAD) on osteoclast differentiation. In vitro experiments showed that WEAD effectively suppresses osteoclast differentiation. Treatment of an osteoclast precursor with WEAD significantly suppressed the expression of nuclear factor of activated T-cells 1 (NFATc1), essential transcription factor for osteoclastogenesis, while increasing the expression of negative regulators, interferon regulatory factor 8 (Irf8) and v-maf musculoaponeurotic fibrosarcoma oncogene homolog B (MafB). Consistent with the in vitro findings, the oral administration of WEAD (100 and 300 mg/kg/day) to mice subjected to surgical ovariectomy for a duration of six weeks alleviated bone loss, while also mitigating weight gain and liver fat accumulation. In addition, we also identified phytochemicals present in WEAD, known to regulate osteoclastogenesis and/or bone loss. These results suggest the potential use of WEAD for treating various bone disorders caused by excessive bone resorption. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examines the trends in the Mincerian rates of return (MRRs) to education in urban China between 1989 and 2009 using two sources of data: the China Urban Household Survey and the China Health and Nutrition Survey, and attempts to explain the underlying causes of the trends. The authors find that while the rates of return to education had been rising steadily since 1992 in urban China, a trend consistent with earlier studies, they have stagnated and even shown a statistically insignificant and very small decline between 2004 and 2009. Using the conceptual framework of supply, demand and institution in labor economics, the authors show evidence that the rapid rise in MRRs since 1992 has been driven by the strong relative demand for skills and productivity unleashed by the market-oriented economic reforms of the late 1980s and 1990s when relative supply of skilled labor was by and large stable. However, the "great leap forward" in senior secondary and tertiary education since the late 1990s produced huge numbers of graduates by the mid-2000s, outpacing the growth of relative demand for skilled labor due to the economy's overdependence on low value-added industries such as manufacturing and construction. The apparent slowdown in the deepening of marketization since the mid-2000s may have also contributed to the stagnation or slight decline in the returns to education in urban China.

Though many transnational families undergo profound transformations that are often complicated by extended periods of separation between loved ones, it is challenging to establish a sense of prevalence of family separations as well as their effects on youth. Utilizing the Longitudinal Immigrant Student Adaptation data with 282 newcomer adolescents from China, Central America, the Dominican Republic, Haiti, and Mexico, the authors report that nearly three quarters of the participants had been separated from one or both parents for extended periods. Results of general linear model (GLM) analyses indicate that children who were separated from their parents were more likely to report symptoms of anxiety and depression in the initial years after migrating than children who had not been separated; follow-up analyses 5 years later show that symptoms had abated. Qualitative data from youth and parents shed light on the experience of separations and reunifications. (Contains 5 tables and 1 note.)

In 2002, we implemented a 4-year HIV prevention intervention for injection drug users (IDUs) in Lang Son Province, Vietnam, and Ning Ming County, Guangxi Province, China, a cross-border region seriously affected by inter-twined epidemics of heroin injection and HIV infection. The interventions involve peer education on HIV risk reduction and provision of new needles/syringes through direct distribution and pharmacy vouchers. We consider this to be a structural intervention in which risk reduction information and sterile injection equipment are diffused through the IDU populations and not limited to those who actually interact with peer educators. The evaluation of structural interventions poses complex methodological challenges. The evaluation of our interventions relies primarily on cross-sectional surveys (interviews and HIV testing) of samples of IDUs selected using a combination of targeted cluster and snowball methods. We consider this to be an appropriate, albeit imperfect, design given the study context. This paper presents analyses of data from the IDU surveys conducted just prior to implementation of the interventions and 24 months thereafter. The cross-border interventions have reached large proportions of the IDUs in the project sites, drug-related HIV risk behaviors have declined in frequency, and HIV prevalence among IDUs has been stable in China and declined in Vietnam over the 24 months since the interventions were implemented. Attribution of these positive trends to the interventions must be qualified in light of possible sampling biases and the absence of control groups. However, we believe that the structural interventions implemented by the cross-border project have played a role in stabilizing HIV prevalence among IDUs two years after they were initiated. Evidence of further diffusion of the interventions among IDUs and continued stability or decline of HIV prevalence would strengthen this case. (Contains 6 tables and 1 figure.)

This study analyzed the presentations of the deployment of THAAD (Terminal High-Altitude Area Defense) on South Korean territory by conducting a qualitative framing analysis of editorials and columns in The China Daily. This media organ of the Chinese government largely condemned the United States and South Korea as falling captive to the mindset of the Cold War. This antagonistic coverage was surely influenced by the Chinese government, which views the THAAD deployment can damage China's national security interests. The China Daily viewed the United States as a competitor and adversary to China. According to this newspaper, the United States is eager to wage a new Cold War and refuses to consider China as a potential partner in finding a solution to the North Korean crisis. In the opinion pages of The China Daily, Samuel Huntington's "clash of civilization" paradigm is repeatedly invoked as the proper framework through which a globalized world should be viewed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome (SFTS), caused by Dabie bandavirus (SFTSV), is an emerging infectious disease first identified in China. Since its discovery, infections have spread throughout East Asian countries primarily through tick bites but also via transmission between animals and humans. The expanding range of ticks, the primary vectors for SFTSV, combined with migration patterns of tick-carrying birds, sets the stage for the global spread of this virus. SFTSV rapidly evolves due to continuous mutation and reassortment; currently, no approved vaccines or antiviral drugs are available. Thus, the threat this virus poses to global health is unmistakable. This review consolidates the most recent research on SFTSV, including its molecular characteristics, transmission pathways through ticks and other animals, as well as the progress in antiviral drug and vaccine development, encompassing animal models and clinical trials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Climate complexities and global warming have made sustainable development a customary topic in environmental literature. Since then, various diggings have been happening in academia. Amongst them tourism and eco-innovation receives the heap due to its contribution to economic development. The study, thereby, examines the impact of tourism, economic growth and eco-innovation on environmental degradation in China. The secondary data has been extracted from World Development Indicators (WDI) database from 1988 to 2020. The nexus among the variables have been examined using Nonlinear Autoregressive Distributed Lagged (NARDL) model. Findings reveal that international tourism receipts, expenditures and number of tourist arrival, GDP, national income and inflation are positively correlated with environmental degradation, while sustainability-oriented eco-innovation is related negatively in case of China. This study has provided help to the regulators while developing new policies regarding environmental degradation by controlling emissions from economic and tourism development and using sustainability-oriented eco-innovation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Magnetite is a representative ore mineral found in various deposits. The trace element composition of ore deposits is controlled by several physiochemical factors such as temperature, pressure, and oxygen or sulfur fugacity. The chemical behavior of Germanium (Ge) is distinct in different environments. Consequently, the composition patterns of Ge in magnetite can be used to infer the provenance conditions. This study focuses on the Ge composition in magnetite from the Wugang banded iron formation (BIF) to understand the compositional characteristics of BIF sources and reconstruct of origin of Wugang BIF. The magnetite of the Wugang BIF has a porous texture, indicating high dissolution-reprecipitation processes and easy fluid infiltration, owing to its increased effective permeability. The Ge in the magnetite of the Wugang BIF was incorporated into iron hydroxide from the hydrothermal fluid and seawater during precipitation. The formation period of the Wugang BIF was consistent with significant oxidation events that led to the oxidation of ferrous ions in the Precambrian Ocean. Certain processes promote the chemisorption and coprecipitation of Ge into iron hydroxides or oxides. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The trade of agricultural products plays an essential role in agricultural development. Agricultural trade is more complicated and diversified than other industrial products, influenced by product characteristics for perishable. The Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) is one of the most important markets for China's agricultural exports. This study aimed to analyze the impact of trade facilitation indicators on China's agricultural exports to ASEAN countries. A gravity model was adopted by taking the volume of Chinese agricultural exports to ASEAN countries from 2006–2020 as the dependent variable. Indicators such as economic freedom (EF), trade across borders (TAB), and infrastructure quality (Infra) were introduced that were representing trade facilitation as the core independent variable. Also, an empirical analysis was carried out using a mixed regression model. The results show that the three proxy indicators of trade facilitation had a significantly positive impact on the scale of China's agricultural exports to the ASEAN market. The results could play a guiding role in strengthening the cooperation between China and the ASEAN regarding trade facilitation and expansion of the scale of agricultural trade. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]