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Introduction: Urgency urinary incontinence (UUI) is characterized by involuntary urine leakage immediately after reporting of sudden, compelling desire to void. Electrostimulation and non-invasive neuromodulation have been considered as the first and third line of UUI treatment but there is a lack of consensus on which parameters are more efficient. Thus, this study aims to compare the effect of low versus medium frequency currents on urinary incontinence severity and quality of life in women with UUI complains., Methods: It will be a randomized controlled trial with 5 arms, double-blinded (outcome assessor and statistician). The study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee (CAAE: 11479119.9.0000.5406) and has been prospectively registered on the Brazilian Registry of Clinical Trials (RBR-8bkkp6). Concerning, double-blind process, the blinded assessor will be responsible for evaluate primary and secondary outcomes at baseline and follow-up without information about allocation and the statistician will perform analyses without information about group codification. One hundred and five participants will be randomized to receive: (1) Transcutaneous tibial nerve stimulation-low frequency, (2) Transcutaneous tibial nerve stimulation-high frequency, (3) Aussie median frequency, (4) Interferencial median frequency or (5) High voltage stimulation. The application will be performed during 20 sessions of 45-minutes, twice a week for 10 weeks, in groups of maximum 5 participants. The participants will be evaluated before treatment (baseline- 0 week), during the treatment (5 weeks) and after the last treatment session (10 weeks). The primary outcomes measures will be UI severity and quality of life, and the secondary outcome will be pelvic floor strength. Statistical analysis will be performed using SPSS software version 24.0 for Windows (IBM Corp., Armonk, N.Y., USA). The variables will be described by the mean and 95% confidence interval. The distribution of normality will be analyzed by the Shapiro-Wilk test. ANOVA for repeated measures will be performed. Mauchly's test the hypothesis of sphericity and when if this violated the hypotheses, the analyses will be based on the Greenhouse-Geisser test. Peer-to-peer comparisons will be performed using the Bonferroni Post-Hoc test. The significant level adopted will be 5% (p ≤ 0.05)., Conclusion: This study will enhance knowledge about effect of different neuromodulation currents in the improvement of UUI., Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist., (Copyright: © 2022 Escandiusi Avramidis et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.)

Introduction and Hypothesis: The use of valid patient-reported outcome measurements is essential in clinical and research settings. The structure of the Brazilian version of the King's Health Questionnaire (Br-KHQ) has not been evaluated. Thus, this study sought to evaluate the structural validity and internal consistency of the multi-item domains of the Br-KHQ in women with urinary incontinence (UI)., Methods: A total of 462 Brazilian Portuguese speakers with UI aged 18 years or older were included in this study. Participants answered the Br-KHQ, and a questionnaire containing demographic and personal information. The structure of the Br-KHQ was examined through Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) with the implementation of parallel analysis and evaluated using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). For the latter, several goodness-of-fit indices were considered to evaluate the model fit of the structures tested in this study. Internal consistency was assessed using Cronbach's alpha, composite reliability, and coefficient omega., Results: The EFA showed that the questionnaire has a five-factor structure, i.e., limitations of daily life, personal relationship, emotions, sleep/energy, and severity measures. The CFA demonstrated that this structure presented the most adequate goodness-of-fit indices and the lowest values of Akaike information criterion and Bayesian information criterion, compared with the original and Portuguese structure. High values (>0.70) of internal consistency were found., Conclusions: The Brazilian version of the KHQ is composed of a five-factor structure. Further studies should evaluate other measurement properties of the Br-KHQ to ensure reliable interpretation of this patient-reported outcome measure in clinical practice., (© 2022. The International Urogynecological Association.)

Objective : To assess predictors for adherence to a home-based pelvic floor muscle exercise (PFME) program supplemented with three physical therapy sessions in women with urinary incontinence (UI). Design : Secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial of interventions to enhance self-efficacy with respect to PFME. Setting : Patients were referred from public primary or secondary care providers in Florianópolis, Brazil. Participants : Adult women with UI. Intervention : Three supervised physiotherapy sessions for the treatment of UI combined with home-based PFME program. Treatment groups were combined for predictive modelling because there was no difference after intervention between groups regarding UI and adherence rates. Main Outcome Measures : Adherence to PFME at 3-month follow-up (structured questionnaire). Baseline Predictors: self-efficacy and outcome expectation scales; severity of UI (ICIQ-SF), pelvic floor muscle strength, age, body mass index (BMI), and educational level. Results : 86 women with UI of whom 72 completed the study. An intention-to-treat analysis was performed. Forty-three women reported carrying out PFME every day. Adherence was correlated to: baseline self-efficacy ( r  = 0.299); age ( r  = 0.242); and educational level ( r  = -0.273). Hierarchical regression analyses incorporating treatment group, age, education, disease-related factors (severity of UI; pelvic floor muscle strength; BMI), and outcome expectations and self-efficacy showed that only baseline self-efficacy predicted adherence ( R 2  = 0.217). Conclusions : Adherence to home-based PFME is a complex phenomenon. Assessing self-efficacy may help physiotherapists to detect patients' confidence in performing home-based exercises and, when necessary, give patients additional incentives.

Background: Urinary incontinence is considered a common health problem among women and has broad repercussions on female daily life. This study aimed to identify the prevalence of urinary incontinence in women in Brazil. Method: Systematic review of studies on the prevalence of urinary incontinence in women in Brazil, published in the last 12 years (2000 to 2012), in PubMed, LILACS and SciELO, using the terms "urinary incontinence", "prevalence" and "Brazil". As well as the references cited in the articles obtained thorough the primary search of the aforementioned databases. Results: After a thorough examination, 22 articles were included in the study, conducted in four Brazilian regions (Southeast- 11, South- 5, Northeast- 4, Midwest-2). The study samples ranged from 1256 to 32 women. The study ages ranged from 12 to 80 years. The prevalence of female urinary incontinence varied between 5,8% and 72%. Conclusion: Despite the variation the values of prevalence found, the prevalence of urinary incontinence in women in Brazil is high. Further investigations are needed to increase the scope of information available on the prevalence of urinary incontinence in Brazilian women, since the concentration of studies occurred in the Southeast region, especially in metropolitan regions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Anabolic androgenic steroid (AAS) use among women has raising over years, especially due to aesthetic motivation, but performance improvement is another motivation. Since high-intensity functional training (HIFT) exhibits an intrinsic competitive aspect, we investigated the AAS use among women HIFT practitioners. Methods: Using the "virtual snowball," 291 Brazilian women HIFT practitioners answered an online survey. Results: The prevalence of AAS use was 22%, but the use after the HIFT adherence was 15%. Among those who never used, 12.3% reported intention to use. Age, marital status, and time of training were significantly associated with AAS use. Aesthetics was the main motivation for use, and 59.7% reported using it on medical advice. The main motivation was aesthetics, but it seems to have a trend to change the motivation for performance improvement over aesthetics, especially among women with longer training time. Conclusion: The prevalence of AAS use was high; however, it seems that HIFT adherence is not a factor raising the prevalence of AAS use among physically active women. Additionally, the motivation for AAS use among women HIFT practitioners seems to be trending toward change, increasing the motivation for performance improvement over aesthetic motivation, especially among women with longer HIFT adherence time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To test the Intra- and inter-rater reliability, measurement error and criteria and convergent validities of the Dualpex Plus (DP) for vaginal manometry in women with urinary incontinence (UI)., Design: This is a clinimetric properties study., Setting: University Hospital in Brazil., Population: One hundred and two women with UI., Methods: Vaginal manometry was performed with DP and Peritron (Pr), in a random order. Intra-rater reliability was tested within a 1-week interval; inter-rater reliability was tested on the same day by two different evaluators. Perception of contraction and comfort with each device were assessed and compared with Chi-square or paired t tests. Reliability was evaluated by intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) with a 95% confidence interval (CI). Criteria (with Pr) and convergent (with Oxford score) validities were evaluated by Pearson's correlation. The standard error of measurement (SEM) and the minimum detectable change were also calculated., Main Outcome Measures: Intra- and inter-rater reliability, measurement error and criteria and convergent validities of the Dualpex Plus., Results: DP showed substantial inter-rater and excellent intra-rater reliability (ICC = 0.85; 95% CI 0.76-0.91 and 0.90; 95% CI 0.86-0.93, respectively); strong and positive criteria validity (r = 0.83; p < 0.001) and convergent validity (r = 0.45; p < 0.001). Pressure values for pelvic floor muscle contraction were different between DP and Pr [17.61 ± 12.22 vs. 34.91 ± 21.22 cmH 2 O; p < 0.001]. SEM was doubtful (19%) and the minimum detectable change was 0.152 cmH 2 O. DP was more comfortable than Pr and perception of contraction was higher for Pr., Conclusion: Dualpex Plus showed adequate clinimetric properties. Measurement error was considered doubtful. DP was more comfortable than Pr and perception of contraction was higher for Pr., (© 2024 Wiley Periodicals LLC.)

Background and Objective: This study aimed to assess the prevalence of urinary incontinence (UI) and lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) in five selected low and middle-income countries to provide appropriate evidence for other related studies., Materials and Methods: In this multinational population-based cross-sectional survey between August 2019 and April 2021, validated questionnaires were used to assess LUTS in adults over 18 years from Iran, Egypt, Bangladesh, Brazil, and Cameroon., Results: A total of 1477 participants from five countries completed the questionnaires. The mean age of participants was 43.5 ± 15.7 years. 37.1% reported at least one episode of UI per week. UUI prevalence in different countries analysis showed that the commonest prevalence was reported in Cameron (40.0%; n = 30), while the lowest was 15.0% (n = 31) in Brazil. Stress UI was common in Iran (38.7%; n = 338), and Bangladesh had the lowest rate (7.8%; n = 16). Urinary urgency was the common LUTS among participants (59.9%, n = 818 out of 1477 participants). Nocturia was the other prevalent symptom among cases (50.6%; 748 out of 1477 cases), and this symptom had a higher rate in elderly populations. Men reported voiding and postmicturition symptoms more frequently than women. Storage symptoms except for nocturia, including frequency, urgency, and UI were common in women while voiding symptoms, including straining, and intermittency were reported more frequently in men than women., Conclusion: A high prevalence of urinary symptoms was reported in low to middle-income countries., (© 2024 Wiley Periodicals LLC.)

Introduction and hypothesis: The worldwide prevalence of sexual dysfunction in women is high; therefore, an adequate assessment of this condition is necessary, with instruments validated for the Brazilian population. The aim was to translate and adapt the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire Female Sexual Matters Associated with Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms into Brazilian Portuguese (ICIQ-FLUTSsex-Br) and analyze its measurement properties. Methods: We recruited Brazilian women, literate, over 18 years old, who had had sexual intercourse in the last 4 weeks and had urinary loss. The translation and cross-cultural adaptation were performed following five stages: translation, synthesis, back translation, expert committee review, and pre-test. Measurement properties were analyzed using SPSS software, as follows: test–retest reliability using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC); construct validity using Pearson's correlation coefficient, by correlating the ICIQ-FLUTSsex-Br with the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) and the Pelvic Organ Prolapse/Urinary Incontinence Sexual Questionnaire (PISQ-12). Results: A total of 328 women participated in the study. The reproducibility was 0.88, the standard error of measurement was 0.29, and the minimal detectable change was 0.80 (95% CI). Moderate correlations were found between the total scores of the ICIQ-FLUTSsex and PISQ-12 questionnaires (0.54, p<0.01), confirming the hypotheses outlined. Weak correlations were also found for comparisons between the FSFI and ICIQ-FLUTSsex total scores (−0.56, p<0.01) and the PISQ-12 question about fear of incontinence hindering sexual intercourse (0.26, p<0.01). Conclusion: The Portuguese-language version of the ICIQ-FLUTSsex-Br showed validity and reproducibility, making it a tool to be used in research and clinical practice by health professionals in Brazil. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• One in four participants reported more than one pelvic floor dysfunction. • Women reported more psychological problems and poor quality of life. • Weak correlation was found between urinary incontinence and symptoms of anxiety. • Weak correlation was found between quality of life and female urinary incontinence. • Risk factors for pelvic floor dysfunction: anxiety, old age, and female sex. Prevalence of pelvic floor dysfunction (PFD) and its relationship with anxiety in a population undergoing physical therapy treatment in Rehabilitation Centers seems to have been little investigated in the literature. 1) to investigate the prevalence of PFD, anxiety, depression; 2) to assess quality of life (QoL) in patients undergoing physical therapy in a Rehabilitation Center, 3) to compare the results by sex; and 4) to assess the relationship between PFD and anxiety, depression, and QoL. This cross-sectional study included participants receiving physical therapy care in a Rehabilitation Center. Validated questionnaires were used to assess PFD, QoL, depression, and anxiety. The Chi-square test, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and a binary logistic regression model were used for data analysis. 253 participants (56.9% female) were included, 45% of them reported at least one PFD symptom. Females had higher prevalence of urinary incontinence (UI) (28% vs 14%); constipation (25% vs 10%); sexual dysfunction (75% vs 9%); anxiety (47% vs 35%); and depression (34% vs 17%) than males. A weak correlation was found between anxiety and depression with UI and sexual dysfunction for females. For all participants, poor QoL was found in physical functioning, physical role, bodily pain and emotional role. Being elderly (OR: 2.58 [1.24, 5.37]), partnered (OR: 1.82 [1.04, 3.17]), female (OR: 3.38 [1.91, 5.99]), and anxious (OR: 2.03 [1.14, 3.62]) were risk factors for reporting PFD. This study found a high prevalence of PFD symptoms in patients attending a Rehabilitation Center. All symptoms except fecal incontinence were more prevalent in females than in males. There was a weak correlation between UI with QoL and psychological disorders among females. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction and Hypothesis: The objective was to cross-culturally adapt and check for the reliability, internal consistency, and validity of the Nocturia Quality of Life Questionnaire (N-QoL) in Brazilian Portuguese (N-QoL-Br)., Methods: The questionnaire was translated according to international guidelines, included forward-translation, back-translation, and consensus among an expert committee. Participants with nocturia completed the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire Overactive Bladder, and the General Quality of Life Assessment Questionnaire SF-36 (Medical Outcomes Study 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey), in addition to the N-QoL-Br. The Brazilian version was applied in men and women with nocturia twice within a range of 4 weeks. Psychometric properties such as content validity, construct validity, internal consistency, and test-retest reliability were tested., Results: Content validity was considered adequate. Eighty-four men and women participated in the study. Good internal consistency in the domains and final score of the N-QoL-Br was observed, with Cronbach α greater than 0.9. The test-retest reliability was also high, with an intraclass correlation coefficient greater than 0.9 for the domain sleep/energy, bother/concern, and total score (0.98, 0.98, and 0.97 respectively)., Conclusions: The Portuguese version of the N-QoL-Br presents good internal consistency and reproducibility and it can be considered adequate and valid for evaluating the impact of nocturia on the quality of life of men and women in the Brazilian population., (© 2024. The International Urogynecological Association.)

Introduction and Hypothesis: Condition-specific sexual questionnaires are important patient-reported outcome measures. The aim of this study was to translate and validate the Pelvic Organ Prolapse/Incontinence Sexual Questionnaire-International Urogynecology Association Revised (PISQ-IR) into Brazilian Portuguese and to clinically validate it in a Brazilian Portuguese-speaking population., Methods: Translation and validation of the PISQ-IR was performed according to the International Urogynecological Association-recommended process and guidelines. For external validity, PISQ-IR subscales were compared with the clinical measures, Pelvic Organ Prolapse Quantification system (POP-Q) stage, pelvic floor muscle tone, and Oxford Grading Scale (Pearson correlations). Descriptive statistics, internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha coefficient), and test-retest reliability (interclass correlation coefficient) were calculated for all PISQ-IR subscales., Results: A total of 120 sexually active and 106 not sexually active women were enrolled in the study between March 2015 and July 2019. Internal consistency was acceptable, with Cronbach's alpha values 0.60-0.80, except for the sexual arousal and orgasm, sexual arousal and partner-related issues, sexual arousal and condition-specific issues, global rating of sexual quality and condition impact subscales. PISQ-IR demonstrated good reliability (α > 0.6, CIC = 0.996). The agreement for each individual questionnaire item also individually presented substantial agreement between the assessments (κ 0.61-0.8). There was a correlation between PISQ-IR and POP, mixed, stress and fecal incontinence diagnosis and a positive correlation with pelvic floor muscle function according to the Oxford Scale in sexually active women. For sexually inactive women there was a correlation between PISQ-IR and mixed urinary symptoms., Conclusions: The Brazilian Portuguese version of PISQ-IR is a reliable and valid tool that can be easily used for the identification and assessment of sexual function in Brazilian Portuguese-speaking women with pelvic floor disorders., (© 2024. The International Urogynecological Association.)

Background: A significant percentage of postmenopausal women suffer from urinary incontinence (UI), which can impair sexual function. Pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT) is the main treatment to improve UI, and it can also be used to improve sexual function. On the other hand, other forms of intervention, such as Pilates exercises, which require activation of the pelvic floor muscles, have been suggested as a possible adjuvant in UI-related outcomes. Objectives: To verify the effectiveness of PFMT vs. Pilates on sexual function in postmenopausal women with UI. Methods: 40 postmenopausal women with UI were randomized into two groups: PFMT (n = 20) and Pilates (n = 20). Interventions in both groups were performed for 12 weeks, three times a week, for 30 minutes. Sexual function was assessed using the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) questionnaire. Mann-Whitney and Wilcoxon U tests were used for inter and intragroup comparisons, respectively. Results: There was no difference in the intergroup comparison, for any FSFI domain (p > 0.05). There was a significant intragroup difference, in both groups, in the desire, lubrication and total score domains, with effect sizes ranging from small to large. There were also significant intragroup results for the orgasm and pain domains in the PFMT group, with a small effect size. Conclusion: There was no evidence that PFMT is different from Pilates in the sexual function of postmenopausal women with UI, therefore, the choice between PFMT or Pilates may be based on preferences and costs for the patient or health professional. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Urology has rapidly evolved during the last decades, incorporating new technologies faster than most specialties. The challenge to maintain a competent workforce that is prepared to deliver proper contemporary treatment has become increasingly difficult and newly graduated urologists throughout the world typically lack the skills to practice many urological subspecialties. We performed a survey to evaluate the practice patterns and educational aspirations in functional urology (FU) among Brazilian urologists. Methods: A web‐based survey was sent to board‐certified Brazilian urologists to collect data on clinical practice and training aspirations in four subareas of FU: female urology, urodynamics, postprostatectomy incontinence (PPI), and neurourology. We evaluated urologists' clinical and surgical workload in each subarea and investigated educational training aspirations to identify areas and training formats of interest. Results: A total of 366 urologists (mean age 47.7 + 10.7 years) completed the survey. Mean time since completion of residency was 17.9 + 11.9 years. Of the respondents, 176 (53%) perform urodynamics, 285 (83.1%) SUI surgeries, 159 (47.6%) PPI surgeries, 194 (58.1%) third line OAB procedures, 168 (48.9%) pelvic organ prolapse (POP), and 88 (26.3%) bladder augmentation. Mid‐urethral sling is the most performed SUI surgery and transobturator is the preferred route (64.0%). For those performing POP surgery, 40.5% use mesh in at least 50% of their cases, and the vaginal route is used in most cases (75.4%) for apical prolapse. For PPI, 64.6% use artificial sphincter in most surgeries and only 8.1% perform at least 5 surgeries/year. Being fellowship‐trained and working in an academic hospital are associated with a higher chance of being active in FU. Most urologists are interested in receiving training in PPI, female SUI, and POP and a hands‐on course is the preferred educational method (81%). Conclusions: Most urologists in Brazil are involved in the evaluation and treatment of FU patients, but few have a large volume of patient visits and surgical procedures. Completing a fellowship program and working in an academic practice are associated with a higher chance of being a FU practitioner. There is a high interest in training for PPI, female SUI, and POP. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To analyze the relationship between the symptoms of pelvic floor dysfunction (PFD) and quality of life (QoL), as well as the function of the pelvic floor muscle (PFM) in women with urinary incontinence (UI). Methods: A cross-sectional study conducted in two centers in Brazil (Northeast and Southeast regions) with women with stress urinary incontinence (SUI) and mixed urinary incontinence (MUI). Data on pelvic floor symptoms, discomfort and impact on QoL were collected using the Pelvic Floor Distress Inventory-short form (PFDI-SF-20) and the Pelvic Floor Impact Questionnaire (PFIQ-7) instruments. PFM function was assessed by palpation (PERFECT scale) and manometry. Pearson's correlation test, analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the Student's t test were used to discriminate the differences, adopting a significance level of 5%. Results: A total of 72 women participated in the study (mean age 51.7 ± 11.9 years). The presence and discomfort of pelvic floor symptoms (PFDI-SF-20) were correlated with QoL (PFIQ-7) (r = 0.52, p < 0.001). Deficits in PFM function (power and pressure) were observed, however, there was no correlation between these with the presence and discomfort of the pelvic floor symptoms (PFDI-SF-20). Conclusion: Greater discomfort due to PFD symptoms were correlated with a worse QoL. However, the relationship between symptoms and PFM function was not significant. These results reinforce the need to assess the aspects of activity and participation which compose functionality and QoL, and not only the PFM functions in women with UI. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Inspirar Movimento & Saude is the property of Faculdade Inspirar and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Urinary incontinence (UI) is a common condition that causes significant harm to the well-being and quality of life of pregnant women. This cross-sectional population-based study aimed to estimate the prevalence and identify factors associated with the occurrence of UI during pregnancy in women living in the municipality of Rio Grande (RS), Southern Brazil, between January 1 and December 31 of 2016, and included all puerperae living in this municipality that had a child in one of the two local maternity hospitals. The previously trained interviewers used a single standardized questionnaire, within 48 hours after delivery to retrieve information on maternal demographic, behavioral and reproductive/obstetric history, as well as socioeconomic status of the household and care received during pregnancy and childbirth. The multivariate analysis followed a previously defined hierarchical model using Poisson regression with robust variance adjustment and prevalence ratio (PR) as a measure of effect. As a result, 2,716 puerperae were identified, of which 2,694 (99.2%) participated in this study. The prevalence of urinary incontinence in the gestational period was 14.7% (95%CI: 13.4%-16.1%). After adjusted analysis, the likelihood of UI occurring varied significantly as per women's characteristics. For example, the PR for the occurrence of UI among women over 30 years of age was 2.05 (95% CI: 1.39–3.01) compared to adolescents. In two other groups of women who had their first pregnancy before the age of 20 or after the age of 30, the PR for UI was 1.36 (95% CI: 1.04–1.76) and 1.59 (95% CI: 1.01–2.51), respectively, when compared to those who became pregnant for the first time between 20 and 29 years of age. Finally, in two other groups of women, namely, those who reached 90 kg and over at the end of pregnancy and those who performed regular physical exercise and reported frequent urinary urgency, the PR was 2.49 (95% CI: 1.74–3.57), and 2.90 (95% CI: 2.10–4.00) compared to those who did not exercise and did not report urinary urgency, respectively. The authors concluded that UI showed a high prevalence in the study population. The identified risk factors can be well administered at primary health care level. The recommendation of regular physical exercise in pregnancy must be reviewed and better investigated with more robust designs because of possible facilitators for the occurrence of UI in this period. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction and hypothesis: In Brazil there are limited knowledge and education about preventative exercises for pelvic floor muscles (PFMs). We hypothesised that a single pelvic floor muscle exercise (PFME) session immediately postpartum would be effective in preventing urinary incontinence (UI) in a 3-month postpartum period with good adherence rates. Methods: Two hundred two women were approached for this randomised controlled trial and randomly assigned to two groups: the control group and experimental group. The intervention comprised a visual assessment of PFM contraction, a single PFME instruction session supervised by a physical therapist, and an educational approach through distribution of brochures about home-based PFME exercises (without supervision). Involuntary urinary loss and quality of life (QoL) were evaluated using the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire Short Form (main outcome). Sociodemographic and clinical information was collected. Adherence and barriers were assessed via telephone/mobile phone surveys (secondary outcomes). Results: The adherence rate was 85.1%; only 37% of the women reported having some knowledge about PFME prior to participating in this study. The main barriers to PFME mentioned were forgetfulness (61.2%), lack of time (52.2%), and the need to take care of the baby (56.7%). One instruction session on postnatal PFME delivered in the immediate postpartum period was ineffective for improving urinary symptoms such as frequency of leakage (p = 0.821), amount of leakage (p = 0.746), and influence of leakage on QoL (p = 0.823). In addition, there was no difference in QoL 3 months post-partum (p = 0.872). Conclusions: Although the proposed intervention did not prevent UI symptoms, the adherence rate to PFME was high. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Research question: Which person related and clinical aspects variables are associated with the types of urinary incontinence in older women? Research problem: The purpose of this study is to determine the occurrence of urinary incontinence among elderly women and verify the association between related to the person and clinical variables with types of urinary incontinence. Literature review: There is a wide variation in the prevalence of urinary incontinence throughout the world, as well as among the regions of Brazil (Milsom et al., 2014). The worldwide prevalence of any type of incontinence in women has been estimated at more than 275 million in 2013, with an increase of more than 300 million by 2018. Methodology: A cross‐sectional study with a quantitative aproach was conducted with 120 elderly women. The International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire—Short Form was used as data collection tool and all participants signed consent form. Results: The prevalence of UI found was 67.5%. Regarding the type of UI, the following frequencies were found: urgency (29.2%), stress (23.3%) and mixed (15.0%). Urge incontinence was significantly associated with age (mean: 81.1 years, P:.05) and abdominal circumference (mean: 97.9 cm, P:.01). Diabetes mellitus was associated with urgency incontinence (P < .001), while hypertension showed association with stress and mixed incontinence (both with P < .001). Conclusions: Urinary incontinence was present in 67.5% of elderly women living in long‐term care facilities, with a higher occurrence of urgency and stress, and parametric statistics showed an association between Urge incontinence and age and abdominal circumference. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This study aims to compare pelvic floor muscles (PFM) strength and lower abdominal muscle activation in women with low back pain (LBP) and urinary incontinence (UI) or without UI. Methods: Fifty-four women with LBP were assessed. PFM strength was assessed using the modified Oxford scale and lower abdominal muscle activation was evaluated using a pressure biofeedback unit. Lumbar disability and pain intensity were evaluated by self-reported questionnaires. The Mann–Whitney U-test was used to compare the two groups. A correlation analysis was performed between PFM strength and lower abdominal muscle activation and self-reported measures. Results: Our results showed that 31 presented with UI and 23 without. No statistically significant difference was found between groups in PFM strength (median values; with UI = 3; without UI = 3; p =.61) and in lower abdominal muscle activation capacity (median values; with UI = 9mmHg; without UI = 6mmHg; p =.40). PFM weakness was found in both groups. No significant correlation between the strength of PFM and other variables was found. Conclusion: In conclusion, women with LBP showed an insufficient strength of the PFM, regardless of the presence of UI. The degree of PFM strength was not related to lower abdominal muscle activation, lumbar disability or LBP characteristics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Fisioterapia e Pesquisa is the property of Universidade de Sao Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Fisioterapia e Pesquisa is the property of Universidade de Sao Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introduction and Hypothesis: This study compared two populations in the Brazilian Amazon, one comprising urban women and the other indigenous origin women from a riparian population, to assess the prevalence of and risk factors associated with stress urinary incontinence (SUI)., Methods: Following sample calculation, 120 indigenous and 260 urban women underwent evaluations including medical history, UI-oriented physical examination, pelvic organ prolapse, and functional assessment of the pelvic floor. Women with complaints of SUI underwent a urodynamic study and completed a quality of life questionnaire (King's Health Questionnaire). Univariate ORs were calculated, and multiple logistic regression models were then built using the stepwise backward method., Results: The prevalence of SUI was similar in both groups (25.8% in indigenous origin women and 20.4% in the urban group (P > 0.05). The parity and number of spontaneous deliveries and home births were higher in the indigenous origin group. Multivariate analysis showed a decreased prevalence of SUI in patients with modified Oxford Scale scores ≥ 3. Women with homebirths had a 3.45-fold higher likelihood of having SUI than women with hospital deliveries (OR 3.45 -CI 1.78-6.70). Quality of life was worse in the domains of SUI impact, hindering daily and physical activities as well as jeopardizing personal and emotional relationships in urban women., Conclusions: No significant difference in SUI was observed between the groups, despite significantly higher risk factors for SUI in the indigenous origin group.

Copyright of Manual Therapy, Posturology & Rehabilitation Journal is the property of Revista Terapia Manual and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introduction and hypothesis: Low socioeconomic factors may influence the development of stress urinary incontinence (SUI). Thus far, there is little research available on SUI in developing countries. We aimed to determine whether the prevalence of SUI in a northeastern Brazilian municipality was higher or lower than in the general female population. Methods: Cross-sectional household cluster study of 1,180 climacteric women in the São Luís municipality (Maranhão state, Brazil) was conducted using a standardized questionnaire that was previously tested in a pilot study and administered by interviewers to obtain socioeconomic and cultural information, climacteric aspects, and life habits related to SUI. Results: From this population, 15.34% ( n = 181) had SUI; this prevalence did not change with age. More than half (57.92%) of the patients replied that they had not consulted a physician for their SUI. The presence of SUI was not associated with any socioeconomic or gynecological variables after multivariate analysis. Conclusions: The prevalence of SUI in São Luís was similar to the rates observed in the general global female population. Socioeconomic and gynecological variables were not associated with SUI. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Texto & Contexto Enfermagem is the property of Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Programa de Pos-Graduacao de Enfermagem and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introduction and hypothesis: Lower tract urinary symptoms are underestimated by women as well as health professionals. The objective of this study was to evaluate the behavior of adult women with urinary incontinence and overactive bladder symptoms in seeking medical treatment. Methods: Two hundred ninety-two women between 20 and 82 years old were interviewed. Urinary symptoms, epidemiologic, and quality of life (ICQ-SF) were related to the procurement of medical assistance. The Shapiro-Wilk, Mann-Whitney, and chi-square tests were used. Results: The impact of the symptoms on quality of life was greater in younger women. Twenty-two percent of the participants, mainly the younger ones, reported seeking medical services due to several associated symptoms and quality of life impact. Conclusion: Younger women, association of several urinary symptoms, symptoms of urinary loss, and longer time since symptom onset were determining factors for seeking medical treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction and hypothesis: Physiological and anatomical changes of pregnancy are risk factors for lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS). This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence and risk factors for urinary incontinence (UI) in healthy pregnant women. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in pregnant Brazilian women who enrolled in the primary health-care system in Sao Jose do Rio Preto, Brazil. Face-to-face interview and completion of two-part questionnaire were administered and done which evaluated the presence of LUTS pre- and during pregnancy. The data were analyzed by logistic regression. Results: Five hundred pregnant women were enrolled ranging from first to third trimester. LUTS present in 63.8% in these women; the main associated risk factors were multiparity and prepregnancy LUTS as well as smoking, constipation, and daily coffee intake. Conclusions: The prevalence of UI during pregnancy is high, highlighting the presence of the risk factors associated with UI during pregnancy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction and Hypothesis: The differential diagnosis of urinary symptoms may allow health professionals to establish a therapeutic objective and to choose the appropriate treatment for the patient's complaint. The aim of this study was to cross-culturally adapt the Three Incontinence Questionnaire (3IQ) into Brazilian Portuguese (3IQ-Br) and to analyze test-retest reliability, construct, and criterion validity in women., Methods: The cross-cultural adaptation of the 3IQ-Br included forward-translation, back-translation, and consensus among an expert committee. Participants with and without urinary incontinence (UI) completed the 3IQ-Br, King's Health Questionnaire (KHQ), and Questionnaire for Female Urinary Incontinence Diagnosis (QUID-Br). Only women with UI answered 3IQ-Br after 7-10 days. Test-retest reliability and construct validity were analyzed using the Cohen linear kappa (k). The 3IQ-Br accuracy was analyzed using the area under the curve (AUC) of the receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve, considering the sensitivity and specificity to correctly classify women with and without UI., Results: The reliability of each question from the 3IQ-Br was considered substantial in the test-retest. The agreement among 3IQ-Br, QUID-Br, and KHQ was almost perfect for UI diagnosis (k > 0.8). The 3IQ-Br was considered to have good accuracy in distinguishing women with UI considering the KHQ (AUC 0.83, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.78 to 0.87, p < 0.001), and fair to the QUID-Br (AUC 0.73, 95% CI 0.68 to 0.78; p < 0.001)., Conclusions: The results of this study showed that this version of the 3IQ-Br has acceptable measurement properties for identifying and differentiating UI symptoms in Brazilian women., (© 2022. The International Urogynecological Association.)

The article describes the translation and adaptation of the Gaudenz-Fragebogen, an instrument of German origin used to diagnose female urinary incontinence, to the Brazilian culture. The steps recommended by international literature were followed: translation, synthesis of translations, back translation, valuation of the synthetic version by a board of specialists and pre-test. The process of translation and adaptation was adequately accomplished, and the instrument was demonstrated to be easily understood.This instrument was used in other studies prior to the validation process, and using the instrument in other studies is crucial so that its measurement properties can be assessed.

Objective: To translate into Portuguese and evaluate the condition-specific quality of life King's Health Questionnaire (KHQ) for female urinary incontinence., Methods: Two Brazilian translators, aware of the aim of the project, prepared two versions of the KHQ into Portuguese, which were back-translated into English by two other English translators. The differences were harmonized and pre-tested in a pilot study. The final version of the KHQ and the "Short-Form Health Survey" (SF-36), which has already been translated and validated into Portuguese were simultaneously administered to 156 and 119 women respectively. KHQ's psychometric properties such as reliability (internal consistency and retest) and construct validity were tested. A retest was performed within 2 weeks from the start date., Results: The cultural adjustment process resulted in no changes in the KHQ Portuguese version, although for low schooling patients the questionnaire had to be read by the researcher during face-to-face interview. For all other patients, the KHQ was self-administered. KHQ's standardized Cronbach's alpha was 0.87 and when assessed by domains ranged from 0.49 to 0.92. Reliability measured by intraclass correlation (ICC) was considered moderate to strong for all domains and the severity measure scale ranged from 0.53 to 0.81. Pearson's correlation coefficient between KHQ and SF-36 was considered weak to moderate in the majority of the related domains, ranging from -0.27 to -0.53., Conclusions: The KHQ Portuguese version was translated and adjusted for Brazilian women with urinary incontinence complaints. It represents an important tool for the assessment of incontinent women in clinical trials.