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This article, using unbalanced panel data on 16 affluent OECD countries, tests the effects of diverse aspects of globalization and deindustrialization on unionization trends. In contrast to the recent studies focusing on the conditional role of labor market institutions, this study underlines the role of two structural factors in transforming occupational structures and ethnic composition of labor force: deindustrialization and international labor mobility across borders. The results lend substantial credence to my argument that, while deindustrialization has driven dramatic declines in union density by shrinking employment in traditionally highly unionized manufacturing sector, international migration negatively affects unionization by increasing competitions and heterogeneity between low-skilled native and immigrant workers. The empirical findings raise the question of how trade unions can build solidarity between native and immigrant workers. (Includes 16 endnotes, 1 figure, and 2 tables.)

Child care and protection have become key issues of concern for all teachers, and particularly for those teachers responsible for the care of young children. In this paper, we analyse focus group data on the topic of child care and protection produced by primary school teachers in Queensland, Australia. By drawing on concepts from cultural globalization, risk society and the sociology of childhood we outline the images, imaginary worlds and imagined professional identities constructed by a cohort of teachers. In particular, we pay attention to teachers' accounts of changes to everyday schooling practices in the context of new child protection legislation and policies. We argue that education and/or professional development in relation to child care/protection must involve critical engagement and contestation of the images, imaginary worlds and imagined collective professional identities of teachers and children constructed, and consumed often uncritically in these new times.

Explores the role of race and gender in shaping female postgraduate students' experiences of intercultural study, highlighting social and cultural aspects of their sojourn. Data from two small pilot projects that investigated the experiences of international female postgraduate students in Australian and Canadian universities indicate that international students' perceptions and experiences of the global university contact zone are as heterogeneous as the cohort of students being interviewed. (Contains references.) (SM)

The nine articles of this special issue examine the internationalization and globalization of higher education in the Asian region from a number of perspectives. Three articles report new forms of governance and governance philosophies. Two case studies report on developments in Japan and China, and the other articles focus on Australia. (SLD)

Internationalisation is now a prominent feature of the higher education landscape, with many institutions integrating international, intercultural and global dimensions inside and outside the classroom. In this paper, I examine the long-term outcomes of international faculty mobility on individual pathways at home institutions framed within the context of internationalisation. I find that the current mode of internationalisation neglects the role of how abroad activities contribute to subsequent institutional internationalisation at home and abroad. My retrospective tracer study with eight qualitative in-depth interview participants finds that formerly internationally mobile faculty integrate international, intercultural, and global dimensions related to the host country, host region and wider world at their home institutions into their teaching, research and service after returning from abroad. In doing so, I propose a new way of understanding how the complementary pillars of abroad and at home internationalisation maintain an on-going, synergetic process that react and contribute to each other and the way in which internationalisation can be re-visited and re-imagined meeting broader goals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Communication as a discipline has a curious double life, being both disavowed in favor of something else, yet remains as a conceptual anchor point for a diverse range of intellectual projects. This argument focuses upon four challenges, or "turns," that communication as a field has experienced: the "cultural turn" associated with cultural studies; the global turn; the "creative turn"; and the "digital turn" associated with the Internet and social media. It is observed that these have been collectively incorporated into a broadened communication field, and that concepts associated with communication remain relevant to other disciplines and fields. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article explores the rise of digitalisation in Australian higher education and its impact on learning and teaching, administration, and regulatory obligations. This digitalisation can be epitomised by the prevalence of learning management systems (LMS) which have reshaped the conduct and configuration of education. As universities have embraced the LMS, as forced by the pandemic, the confluence of disruptive digitalisation combined with globalisation, regulatory reforms, and shifts in government funding models have seen the Australian higher education sector in constant evolution. This article contextualises the impacts of digitalisation using the lens of neoliberalism and globalisation, with past, current, and future state considerations in the sector. It includes a case study from a large metropolitan Australian university with a signature pedagogy of industry-partnered and flexible learning to consider how Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) in Australia must continue to evolve in identity and provision of learning to serve social interests for the future in digitalised contexts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Community Connections: Studies on Education, Culture / Közösségi Kapcsolódások: Tanulmányok Kultúráról és Oktatásról is the property of Szeged University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Aravind Adiga is one of the contemporary authors who has engraved his name in Indian Writing in English by winning the celebrated Booker Prize for his debut novel, The White Tiger. He has studied in universities abroad and later emigrated to Australia. This journey of Adiga in the alien land enabled him to accumulate experience, which is reflected in his writing. His novel Amnesty is set in Australia. It registers the happenings of a day in the life of the protagonist. This paper examines how in the novel Adiga explores immigration and cultural and identical crises, which are the outcomes of the process of globalization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this essay, we set out to explore the ways in which our approaches and assumptions around internationalization, and the experiences of international students, have been challenged. We draw on our experiences as academics in Australia, teaching in an international environment through the years of the pandemic. We have chosen to approach this through a series of reflections related to internationalization at home. Inspired by the concept of groundedness, we reflect on four themes: the university as an imagined community, globalization, home not as a metaphor, and a journey toward humility. In our reflections, we try to share a journey of how members in the academic community of higher education, students and teachers, traversed these changing times with a focus on relations between us and home, and between students and teachers, leading to the discussion toward a culture of humility. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses the effectiveness of sunscreens and the prevention of long-term damage through balanced UV protection. A study from the 1990s in Australia showed that regular use of sunscreens can reduce the occurrence of melanoma. It is emphasized that sunscreens are a complementary measure to avoid UV radiation and that the improvement of UVA protection since 2006 is a significant progress. It is recommended to aim for a UVA SPF/LSF ratio that is higher than the minimum of one-third in order to achieve a more consistent level of UV protection. Globalization and inadequate use of sunscreens could explain why skin cancer rates have not declined. It is recommended to develop sunscreens with a UVA PF that is half or two-thirds of the SPF. [Extracted from the article]

Until the election of a new Labor Government in Australia in May 2023, the relations between China and Australia had deteriorated markedly, deeply affecting the prospects of educational links between the two countries. While the relations appear to have now improved somewhat, many of the tensions persist. This paper provides an historical overview of the relations between China and Australia, as a way of showing how despite hostile political attitudes the possibilities of friendly relations at people-to-people level have always persisted. This suggests that even within the context of enduring geopolitical tensions, the broader potential of international education should not be overlooked. However, to realize this potential, it is important to consider how internationalization's moral and political goals of intercultural communication and understanding might be more effectively promoted, beyond its market orientation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The practices of transnational corporations (TNCs) affect population health through unhealthy products, shaping social determinants of health, or influencing the regulatory structures governing their activities. There has been limited research on community exposures to TNC policies and practices. The aim of this paper was to adapt existing Health Impact Assessment methods that were previously used for both a fast food and an extractives industry corporation in order to assess Carlton and United Breweries (CUB) operations within Australia. CUB is an Australian alcohol company owned by a large transnational corporation Asahi Group Holdings. Data identifying potential impacts were sourced through document analysis, including corporate literature; media analysis, and 12 semi-structured interviews. The data were mapped against a corporate health impact assessment framework which included CUB's political and business practices; products and marketing; workforce, social, environmental and economic conditions; and consumers' adverse health impacts. We also conducted an ecological study for estimating alcohol attributable fractions and burdens of death due to congestive heart disease, diabetes mellitus, stroke, breast cancer, bowel cancer and injury in Australia. Beer attributable fractions and deaths and CUB's share were also estimated.Results: We found both positive and adverse findings of the corporation's operations across all domains. CUB engage in a range of business practices which benefit the community, including sustainability goals and corporate philanthropy, but also negative aspects including from taxation arrangements, marketing practices, and political donations and lobbying which are enabled by a neoliberal regulatory environment. We found adverse health impacts including from fetal alcohol spectrum disorder and violence and aggression which disproportionately affect Indigenous and other disadvantaged populations.Conclusion: Our research indicates that studying a TNC in a rapidly changing global financialised capitalist economy in a world which is increasingly being managed by TNCs poses methodological and conceptual challenges. It highlights the need and opportunity for future research. The different methods revealed sufficient information to recognise that strong regulatory frameworks are needed to help to avoid or to mediate negative health impacts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

If Australia is to remain a literate citizen of this rapidly changing world, we need to understand not just the anglophone West and the large-scale bloc politics of world regions but also the deeper forces that drive nations and regions. Language is essential to understanding of any given nation or region. But what do we find in our university language departments? Dwindling enrolments, dying courses, and frustrated highly qualified academic staff teaching beginners language courses. In this article I explore the connections between languages and area studies at our universities with a view to suggesting alternatives in the ways in which we present languages and their populations to our students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We study what determines the involvement of component auditors in multinational enterprise (MNE) group audits and the association with audit quality and audit fees. Using unique Australian disclosures of group audit fees paid to the principal and component auditors, we first document that MNE complexity, MNE internationalization, and auditor characteristics are associated with component auditor involvement, and extent and type of component auditor involvement. Next, we find that involvement of component auditors benefits audit quality as long as the principal auditor conducts a substantial amount of work. Once the involvement of component auditors exceeds a certain level, audit quality decreases. We also document that audit fees are higher in the presence of a component auditor and increase with the extent of involvement, irrespective of component auditor type. Our results contribute to the emerging literature on group audits and provide empirical evidence on regulatory concerns about group audit quality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper examines the concept of populism and how it is grounded in both democracy and nationalism, with a focus on the implications of its rise for the international trading system. The drivers of the demand for populist politics (economic, cultural, and political) are discussed. The factors facilitating the supply of populist politics are also reviewed. A synthesis is developed, with an interest in identifying common elements across different national experiences. The point is then made that populists are often opposed to 'globalism' but not necessarily to an active participation in trade. The conclusion considers the options for a response to populism, and the challenges populism poses for Australia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper investigates the extent to which important changes in Australian family law over the previous 15 years have been influenced by international treaties. This informs a wider study into the international influences on Australian statute law as a result of globalisation.1 Examined as part of this enquiry are three significant legislative changes to Australian family law during the previous 15 years, namely, the introduction of a substantially shared parenting regime in 2006, the strengthening of measures to improve protection for women and children from domestic violence in 2011, and the legalisation of same-sex marriage in Australia in 2017. It is argued that whilst international treaties have had a robust influence on these important changes in Australian family law, perhaps the most important factor driving these changes has been strong support for each relevant change from the Australian community. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The impact of immigrants on housing prices and rents has been well documented in the literature. There has been less research, however, on other mechanisms by which global economic and financial developments may impact on local housing markets. We investigate whether the foreign-born—that is the stock of previous immigrants—act as a conduit for economic changes abroad to influence local housing markets. Examining disaggregated regions in Australia from 2006-16, we construct a measure of the average performance of the motherland economies of the foreign-born for each region. We find evidence that house prices and rental growth tend to rise when motherland economies are performing poorly. This effect is economically meaningful, robust and appears to represent a distinct channel from the immigration effect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Commercial diplomacy has been of interest to researchers in the context of export development due to the many empirical studies indicating that the international economic integrations provide more growth and employment for the governments and internationalization for the enterprises. Unlike the strict and/or regional economic integrations, MIKTA was created as an informal and cross-regional group of 'middle powers' bringing together Mexico, Indonesia, the Republic of Korea, Turkey, and Australia in 2013. Being distant apart from each other geographically and having many differences besides their similarities, each of the member states is considered influential in their regions and of high importance for the paradigm shift to a new world order. This paper aims to figure out if MIKTA has been utilized as a powerful advocate for enhancing exports of the member states while also resuming sustainable economic growth. For this reason, it is analyzed to what extent the members' exports were and have become sophisticated, meaning capital intensive or labour intensive, over the past 20 years and how the members' economic growth rates were contributed. For the analysis, PRODY and EXPY indices are calculated representing the sophistication levels of, respectively, product groups and the total exports of the states. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sustainable development policies for achieving net-zero emissions require understanding the factors that influence carbon emissions. Capitalizing on the limitations of the existing literature, this study applies the quantile-on-quantile approach to investigate economic globalization's impact on carbon emissions in Australia for 1970–2018. The results from the quantile-on-quantile revealed a positive feedback linkage between globalization and carbon emissions at all quantiles. The results further indicated that while there is a positive feedback linkage between economic growth and carbon emissions at most quantiles, a positive feedback interconnection exists between carbon emissions and coal consumption at all quantiles. As a robustness check, we employed the quantile regression test, and the results from quantile regression are consistent with the findings from the quantile-on-quantile approach. The consistency of the results suggests that these study findings are reliable and suitable for informing policies that seek to address carbon emissions in Australia. The policy implications for Australia are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Australian junior mining firms' globalisation strategies and roles inside the sector remain understudied in economic geography. Such firms are often overshadowed by larger global mining interests, whose operations drive most foreign direct investment, capital, and operational expenditure tied to resource extraction. Unlike large multinationals and state‐owned enterprises, junior firms are nimble, often untethered from path‐dependent national systems, less encumbered by statutory constraints or corporate structures, and less accountable to shareholders. This study sought to understand globalisation strategies and roles among junior mining firms by reference to a case study of 55 Australian junior firms in Latin America. We used spatial analysis to uncover three patterns of junior firm globalisation strategies and roles: specialised service providers supporting the further development of mature and emerging mining industries; regional spearheads opening new destinations; and mineral avant‐gardists developing new speculative industries that are critical to clean energy technologies. We conclude both that Australian junior firms play a crucial role in the development of critical resource basins in other nations and that there are significant forms of firm heterogeneity and functional integration at the core of mining globalisation that need to be more comprehensively incorporated in economic geography research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The working holiday (WH) program is a cultural exchange program that offers youth 'global experiences' including short-term employment, travel, and/or study. Australia is the most popular destination for Japanese working holiday makers (WHM s): over 10,000 Japanese WHM s were in Australia before the pandemic hit the country in March 2020. Despite the fact that most had held secure white-collar jobs in Japan, they moved to Australia and voluntarily took precarious jobs in agriculture, hospitality, and childcare. What made them decide to accept such significant downward mobility and acquiesce to unfavorable conditions such as underpayment, non-payment, and sometimes even harassment? How did the COVID-19 pandemic affect their lives in Australia? Based on data from surveys and qualitative interviews, this article analyses the relationship between globalism and a willingness for Japanese youth migrants to join the 'underclass' in Australia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The world of education for international mindedness is ever evolving and subject to new forces resulting from globalisation. Communities demand of schools that children be educated in this sphere but this is not straightforward. The role of the nation state in directing education is changing and this has implications for those that have the responsibility for selecting theoretical frameworks, content, pedagogies, and assessment -- who and how they are selected. There is no clear understanding of the terminology, let alone the specific values, concepts, attitudes, and behaviours that underpin education of this sort. This article is an attempt to analyse some of the global factors that influence education for international mindedness globally and in Australia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Traditionally one of Australia's most protected industries, the textile industry has recently experienced a substantial decrease in trade barriers with notable results. This article describes those effects and uses a cost function to explore scale economies and input relationships and their implications. The results include strong evidence of constant returns at current outputs. Output increases with substantial employment declines suggest technology changes, consistent with a negative time trend variable coefficient. The inputs are substitutes except for capital and domestic intermediate goods. The cross price elasticity of the quantity demanded of capital with respect to the price of imported intermediate goods was significant and indicated that a decrease in the price of outsourced intermediate goods would decrease the demand for domestic capital. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In addition to its influences across economic, geopolitical, and social spheres, globalization has given rise to the notion of a 'global citizen' who is able to understand a shifting and more internationalized world while moving fluidly through it. Education has been trumpeted as the means to achieve this globally-aware citizenry, leading to an entire field of global citizenship education (GCE). Here teachers are the linchpin, yet understandings of globally-focused coursework in teacher education remain underdeveloped. This paper explores the 'global' within core courses in initial teacher education in Australia and interrogates the kinds of 'citizens' to be cultivated. We begin in our pilot study by canvassing university courses across Australian Group of Eight universities, and locating more global aspects of the courses, where available. Based on initial findings, we offer a dual-axis conceptual framework for guiding an 'alternative future' for GCE within teacher education. We then use the framework in a focused coding of one teacher education syllabus as an exemplar of its potential utility for examining the ways in which future teachers are encouraged, or not, to engage with broader geopolitical, sociocultural, and economic forces of globalization in the PreK-12 schools in which they will eventually teach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Notions of citizenship and citizenship education that were traditionally related to mainly nation-centric agendas are increasingly inadequate in preparing young citizens for the dynamism of societies and complexities of social issues stimulated by globalization. Depending on the political and social ideologies within and across societies, different citizenship education curricula are designed differently to achieve these goals. This article uses the cases of Australia and Singapore to discuss how different forms of citizenship education can contribute to an ongoing construction of a more just and peaceful world. Through the analysis of the social science curricula in the two countries, three key factors that can influence the value of democratic citizenship education in developing 'active' and 'informed' citizens were identified. First, the extent to which democratic values are referenced as the basis for citizenship, hence supporting an understanding of 'politics' in contexts of diversity. Second, the balance to be sought between development of competencies to achieve nationalistic goals and responding effectively to the dynamism of contemporary societies. Third, the extent to which curriculum arrangements support democratic citizenship development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]