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Socio-spatial divisions between districts in the North and South have marked the port-city of Marseille since the post-World War II urban reconstruction period. This article analyses the decades spanning the 1940s to the 1960s Vieux Port area as well as the HLM (Habitation à Loyer Modéré, or rent controlled properties) building projects in the North of the city. This reveals a dual strategy deployed by urban planners as well as municipal and national government officials in response to an increasing immigrant workforce involving relocation into HLMs and (re-)designing public spaces. City planners, architects, and officials aimed to reconfigure the neighbourhoods in which people were to be housed and to strengthen the narrative of Marseille as a Mediterranean gateway, attracting investors and tourists, a process which also helped the city to gain a favourable reputation in Europe. The way in which urban planning, social housing initiatives, and public space designs unfolded in post-World War II Marseille has played a pivotal role in shaping the city's present-day social and geographical divisions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aligned with global goals for healthy and sustainable cities, urban compactness significantly promotes residents' transport-related physical activity and health. In Japan, amid demographic changes, municipalities have begun formulating Location Normalization Plans focused on making cities more compact. This study examines the associations between health and transport-related physical activity considerations in urban plans, including Location Normalization Plans, the demographic characteristics of municipalities, and the development of infrastructure that supports leisure-time physical activity. Analyzing responses from 725 of 1,374 Japanese municipalities, our research reveals that 38% of urban plans integrated health and physical activity in goals/visions, and 28% recognized these as challenges. The development of physical activity infrastructure such as sports facilities (48%), metropolitan parks (21%), and bicycle paths (14%) was more prevalent in larger municipalities. However, the incorporation of health and physical activity in planning goals/visions or challenges was not exclusive to larger municipalities; smaller ones also demonstrated this capability. Logistic regression analyses revealed that municipalities that included health considerations in their plans' goals/visions and challenges were more likely to develop or renovate physical activity infrastructure. Prioritizing health and physical activity in planning has the potential to support leisure-time and transport-related physical activity, helping to create healthy and sustainable cities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article, we discuss the role of urban planning professionals in situational crime prevention. We begin by examining their role as city "shapers" and the reasons behind their frequent neglect of crime-related factors in their decision-making process. We also explore why criminology tends to underestimate the influence of urban planning professionals on the urban environment, a factor crucial for effective crime prevention. To highlight the disconnection between urban planning and crime prevention, we present findings from a survey conducted with urban planners and safety experts in 290 Swedish municipalities. The article concludes with future research and practice recommendations, stressing the urgent need for improved communication and collaboration between urban shapers and environmental criminologists and a more comprehensive understanding from all parties involved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Planning Education & Research is the property of Sage Publications Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

People responsible for shaping the future of cities often seek valuable tools to assist in their decision-making processes. Using objective, quantified, and analysed data proves highly beneficial when determining where to focus interventions at the city level. Various urban indexes have been established to measure different aspects of urban life, ranging from sustainability to liveability. These indexes encompass multiple dimensions of a city, including mobility and walkability, among others. The age-friendly cities initiative developed indicators for assessing the age-friendliness of cities. Some researchers further refined these indicators to focus on urban planning competencies. Building on this foundation, this article aims to present an Age-Friendly Neighbourhood Index (AFNI) validated by a panel of experts using the Delphi method. This index can serve as a valuable tool for urban planners when they need to prioritise interventions to enhance age-friendliness at neighbourhood scale. The article also outlines the necessary data and measurement techniques for these indicators. The AFNI has been applied to a real case study in the city of Santander (Spain). This application assesses the age-friendliness of various neighbourhoods in Santander, demonstrating the challenges in acquiring sub-local quality data and emphasising the need for data-driven urban management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Urban design and planning require collaborative processes that integrate diverse user perspectives. Tactical urbanism involves small, temporary interventions in public spaces to meet daily needs through the collaboration of various stakeholders. This paper aims to foster tactical urbanism in vacant lots, emphasising the significance of incorporating diverse perspectives. The study, based on participatory action research, discusses the individual viewpoints of young city planner candidates assuming diverse roles across three themes: belonging, aesthetics, and usefulness, and to evaluate the results of two-method exercises applied in the Karşıyaka case study in İzmir. Participants, consisting of students from various universities in Türkiye, expressed their individual opinions and collective viewpoints through the techniques of photovoice and six thinking hats, respectively. Comparing two methods for evaluating vacant lots within three themes of tactical urbanism demonstrated that the photovoice technique enabled students to search for meanings of spaces and express their thoughts through photos. Meanwhile, the six thinking hats technique facilitated empathy towards diverse perspectives. The findings underscore the essentiality of adopting a holistic approach to urban design that encompasses aesthetics, functionality, and inclusivity, integrating diverse opinions. Young planner candidates in this study acknowledged the importance of collaboration and diverse perspectives in urban design and planning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the continuous increase of rapid urbanization and population growth, sustainable urban land-use planning is becoming a more complex and challenging task for urban planners and decision-makers. Multi-objective land-use allocation can be regarded as a complex spatial optimization problem that aims to achieve the possible trade-offs among multiple and conflicting objectives. This paper proposes an improved Non-dominated Sorting Biogeography-Based Optimization (NSBBO) algorithm for solving the multi-objective land-use allocation problem, in which maximum accessibility, maximum compactness, and maximum spatial integration were formulated as spatial objectives; and space syntax analysis was used to analyze the potential movement patterns in the new urban planning area of the city of Kigali, Rwanda. Efficient Non-dominated Sorting (ENS) algorithm and crossover operator were integrated into classical NSBBO to improve the quality of non-dominated solutions, and local search ability, and to accelerate the convergence speed of the algorithm. The results showed that the proposed NSBBO exhibited good optimal solutions with a high hypervolume index compared to the classical NSBBO. Furthermore, the proposed algorithm could generate optimal land use scenarios according to the preferred objectives, thus having the potential to support the decision-making of urban planners and stockholders in revising and updating the existing detailed master plan of land use. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The effects of the physical environment on people's active behaviour have been a central topic over the last decade, particularly in urban design, public health, and transportation. Research on the impact of the built environment attributes on walkability still needs to be completed in developing countries. Literature on walkability demonstrated the effectiveness of the studies, which consider micro-scale elements when evaluating pedestrian street environments. We are interested in assessing urban design qualities at the micro-scale level, which would give more evidence on the walking conditions of a developing country. This study explores whether the typo-morphological aspect of selected routes in a medium-sized African city is associated with urban design qualities related to walkability and compares the combined scores of urban design qualities with other cities. According to our findings, the typo-morphological aspect of urban routes correlates with the evaluated urban design qualities. The results revealed a significant difference in these qualities between the old colonial and the post-independence fabrics, with imageability and complexity appearing to be the most influential qualities. The results showed that urban design qualities related to walkability in a mediumsized African city scored lower than in other urban contexts. This study has several implications for city planners and decision-makers looking to improve the walking environment of the city. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study's objective was to identify and analyze changes in resilience indicators and their four dimensions. This study aims to investigate the capacities of women in Tehran in the context of urban resilience in the post-COVID-19 era, which has witnessed multiple surges of COVID-19 cases. The Delphi technique was employed in this study to determine appropriate indicators for decisionmaking. The questionnaire focused on women's roles in the city's safety, their control over the situation during or before the crisis, and their knowledge of the environment and risk factors. The efficiency of the questionnaires was 100% due to the researchers' knowledge of the target group's conditions in the first stage of the Delphi technique. The participants for the study were selected based on their familiarity with the safety conditions in District 14 of Tehran Municipality. The results revealed that women in the post-COVID-19 period are expected to exhibit a higher level of physical resilience at 81.21% and social resilience at 70.15%. The results introduce women as potential/active managers in the post-COVID-19 era. The findings may help urban planners to consider such conditions in their planning charts. What distinguishes this study from other studies is its focus on the target group, and position of women for urban planning; it will be possible to increase resilience with the help of women. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Cities, Communities & Territories / Cidades, Comunidades e Territórios is the property of Instituto Universitario de Lisboa, DINAMIA-CET and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Research has demonstrated that urban green spaces play a crucial role in mitigating the severe urban heat island (UHI) effect. However, existing studies often suffer from limitations such as the neglect of the cooling effect of water bodies within the green spaces and incomplete considerations of the overall cooling effect. These limitations may lead to inaccuracies in the research findings. Therefore, the present study takes the city of Xi'an as a case study to explore the optimal green space size for achieving efficient cooling. The results indicate that (i) urban green spaces exhibit robust cooling effects, with variations observed among the various types; (ii) for community parks without water, and for street gardens, the optimal areas of these green spaces are 3.44 and 0.83 hectares, respectively; (iii) for community parks with water, the area of internal water bodies should ideally be maintained at around 29.43% of the total green space area in order to achieve an optimal cooling efficiency. In conclusion, this study introduces a new perspective and new optimization methods for urban green space planning, thereby offering scientific guidance to urban planners in formulating effective development and management policies and urban planning schemes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It is well known that most of the cadastral maps and property plans in Iraq are preserved in paper form, with the majority dating back to the 1930s. These maps are widely used for various purposes, such as urban planning, sewage networks, and electricity networks. However, most of these maps suffer from some distortion and wear, with some being torn and taped due to the nature of the paper material and its handling, resulting in severe physical distortion. To address these issues, it is necessary to convert these maps into a digital format and perform corrective processing to mitigate the effects of past errors. Scanning alone is insufficient as it introduces many errors. Recently, fast and accurate computer software has become available that can process data from these maps and paper drawings, including addressing the wear they have undergone, and update them to meet the needs of local authorities developing and investing in these maps and implementing development projects. This process is also essential for establishing a digital foundation for the database. Geographic Information System (GIS) applications are widely used to enhance and assist decision-makers in making decisions that align with their purposes and application scenarios. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the acceleration of urbanization and profound socioeconomic changes, the influx of people from various social strata into cities has led to the phenomenon of residential segregation. Currently, the international community has accumulated profound theoretical foundations and rich practical experiences in the study of residential segregation. This research, primarily based on the WOS literature database, sorts and summarizes relevant studies on residential segregation in recent years (focusing on publications from 2020 to 2024), emphasizing the following four key aspects: (1) tracing the evolution of the theory of residential segregation and analytical methods; (2) analyzing the main characteristics of urban residential segregation; (3) exploring the driving mechanisms and effects of urban residential segregation; and (4) summarizing research trends and providing future perspectives. This study aids urban planners in more accurately identifying areas and characteristics of residential segregation, optimizing urban layouts, and providing richer and more in-depth theoretical support and practical guidance for the field of urban planning science. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Urban regeneration is a sound, sustainable urban development strategy globally. In China, promoting urban regeneration has become the national sustainable urban strategy. Under the resource constraint, it is necessary to understand what benefits different types of urban regeneration projects can contribute to urban development. Much research has contributed to evaluating the benefits of urban regeneration on the project scale. The systematic investigation of their effects on surrounding economic vitality, especially the comparison between different types of projects, is relatively downplayed. This paper aims to evaluate and compare the effects of urban regeneration projects on surrounding economic vitality by calculating the change in housing prices. Chongqing is selected as the case city. Based on the housing transaction data from 2015 to 2021, a staggered difference-in-difference method is employed to capture the results. The finding shows that the overall effects are significantly negative, especially within a 400–800 m radius. Higher investment or better project location relates to stronger negative effects. Moreover, the differences in effects among the three types of urban regeneration projects are clearly revealed from diverse perspectives. It provides a valuable reference for policymakers and urban planners to make urban regeneration planning better by considering comprehensive benefits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: This study delves into the spatial preferences of children for play spaces within high-density urban block environments, specifically targeting the area of Baihua Second Road in Shenzhen, China. Methods: Recognizing the critical role of play in children's development, and the unique challenges posed by dense urban settings, this research employs multiclass logistic regression models and negative binomial regression models to construct a detailed mathematical analysis of neighborhood spatial elements and children's play space preferences. Data was meticulously gathered through both objective observations of 14 different types of spaces within the block, and subjective assessments via children's responses to a series of environment photos, capturing the essence of over 3,000 child participants' interactions and choices. Results: Key findings reveal a pronounced preference among children for soft facility features and visually appealing spatial experiences, suggesting a nuanced understanding of play space needs beyond traditional playground designs. Notably, the study identifies that while cartoon-style designs in play facilities might increase moderate attractiveness, ordinary designs hold broader appeal, indicating a preference for diversity in play space aesthetics. These insights offer profound implications for urban planners and designers, advocating for a childcentered approach in the creation of urban play environments that prioritize aesthetic diversity, and the integration of natural elements. Conclusion: Moreover, the study situates Baihua Second Road as a paradigmatic case, illustrating the methodology and analytical framework applied in addressing the complex interplay between children's play preferences and urban spatial configurations. By incorporating a comprehensive data-driven analysis, this research contributes significantly to the discourse on child-friendly urban design, offering valuable strategies for cultivating inclusive and engaging urban play spaces for children amidst the constraints of high-density city living. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

City planners are seeking ways to incorporate human-centric urban projects that combine smart technology, good infrastructure and people's perception as well as their participation. Smart city developments are increasingly being applied to smaller scales at which communities can co-design hard infrastructure and the resulting services. Experiences from city projects at this level have produced a plethora of designs, challenges and success factors, particularly from cases in countries with long legacies in city development. In the Gulf Cooperation Council region, young cities and new planned cities house the bulk of the population and face environmental challenges related to urban segregation, urban sprawl and large consumption footprints. The political-economy of this region in terms of central urban planning and government-led economic development offers valuable insights on the limits and challenges in implementing projects related to smart and connected communities (SCC). SCC as a label for smart urban interventions towards more connectedness between hard and soft (human-related) infrastructure can provide opportunities for participatory and sustainable urban planning in the region. This paper analyzes the role of community-level interventions within the smart city policies of Gulf countries. It shows that only few local-level projects exist, while the barriers to large-scale SCC initiatives are related to demographics, community characteristics, technological sophistication, lack of conducive regulations, and the prevalence of central urban planning. The success of local smart city approaches in the Gulf is dependent on public leadership in terms of clearing obstacles, designing broader strategies, and expanding projects to include the residential sector. Considering the potential of SCC projects to enhance the transition to sustainability in the predominantly urban Gulf societies, broader engagement of local governments, utilities, and community-level developers can result in tangible benefits in terms of more sustainable, smart and tailored local services. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Urban planners are involved in designing future urban energy systems as a part of their path toward decarbonization or Net Zero targets before 2050. In this process, new energy and information flows between industrial and urban regions should be considered, as well as safety and security managerial aspects regarding the existing and new infrastructures. This research aims to help engineering professionals and public planners define new collaboration dynamics to make industrial energy systems safer, more secure, and interoperable, surpassing the existing knowledge. Firstly, several recent R&D aspects are analyzed, demonstrating the organizational gap and providing early integration or knowledge reuse opportunities from R&D projects. After that, the authors present a model called Industrial-Interoperable Safe and Secure Urban Energy Systems (i-ISSUES), a multi-disciplinary approach combining classic urban energy planning, information technology use, safety and security management, and systems engineering as the integrated disciplines. The model detects research trends, providing a first set of readings with some improvements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper reports findings from a survey of public-sector urban planners in India. The survey attempts to gauge planners' opinions on the importance of planning values in everyday decisions and the degree to which these values are delivered in practice. In-depth interviews were used to validate the survey results and investigate themes further. The study presents a nuanced and contextualized analysis of the attitudes and mindsets of planners. It is expected that the study will initiate a discourse on planning values in India and encourage planners to confront the full implications of their decisions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article explores the impact of changes in planning practices in the UK, particularly with the introduction of "localism" in 2010. The focus on meeting housing targets has shifted the role of planners, making them more risk-averse and focused on numbers rather than creativity. This has led to a decline in trust and a perception that planning is solely about housing. Austerity measures have also affected planning departments, reducing resources and increasing expectations. To address these challenges, the article suggests the need for strong leadership, education, and a return to a vision-led system. [Extracted from the article]

This study investigates the transformation of Birjand from a historic city to a rapidly developing urban centre, with a focus on the effects of infrastructure and architectural development initiatives in the context of urban planning history. These processes are spearheaded by governmental entities, urban planners, and development agencies, use urban design, construction, and financial resources to fundamentally transform the urban landscape. The study employs a descriptive-analytical framework and spatial analysis tools such as ENVI and TerrSet software to investigate the historical social transformations in Birjand. The primary objective is to analyse the impact of these changes on the city's structure, cultural components, and spatial dynamics. This study aims to investigate the effects of development initiatives on the historic areas of Birjand, with a specific focus on the influence of newly constructed streets on the preservation of the city's historical fabric. The study's insights are enhanced through the implementation of a more robust analytical framework, which includes the utilization of statistical analysis and comparison studies. The results indicate that there are negative consequences on the historical regions, resulting in changes to their distinctive qualities, cultural importance, and overall atmosphere. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Identifying and implementing equitable participatory planning processes is challenging for city planners. Through a qualitative analysis of the Families and Educators for Safe Cycling Project (FESC), an active school travel (AST) project in Toronto (Canada), we identify a potential new path to increase the range of voices heard by planners and decision makers. Specifically, we present community animation and animators as an effective approach for community engagement in AST planning through analyzing 27 semistructured interviews, reviewing key project documents, and coding key themes. We showcase how community animation can play a key role in the meaningful engagement of school communities by deepening and enriching the participatory planning process. We conclude by suggesting that community animators can foster more equitable participatory planning processes by working to include historically marginalized communities within urban planning. Specific groups of people, such as school communities, continue to be excluded from participatory planning processes. By providing insights into the value of community animators, this research allows planners to understand, conceptualize, and apply more equitable participatory planning processes during infrastructure development. Though the case is based on a specific program related to AST in Toronto, the results can assist planners in other communities in enriching their local engagement processes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For many cities around the world, the construction of iconic buildings is a major strategy to improve their urban space and enhance recognition. Yet, newly built iconic buildings usually spark controversy owing to their relationship with the urban context of the city. In this study, revolving around Dongdaemun Design Plaza and Park, we analyze and evaluate the functional influences of its reconstruction on the urban context of Seoul. We found that though the DPP has a positive effect on the city image and cultural exchange of Seoul, it is barely satisfactory for maintaining and extending the urban context. Through the combination of a random sampling questionnaire and triangular fuzzy number analysis, we transfer previous subjective comments about the DPP into an objective evaluation, analyze its influence on the dimension of culture, and call for consideration of the continuity of the urban context in future urban planning. The results of this study provide a new perspective on quantifying the urban contextual influence of iconic buildings, reminding city planners of the balance between the development of business and the sustainability of the urban context. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Urban expansion within Greater Irbid Municipality (GIM) witnessed an extraordinary rise, expanding approximately ninefold between 1967 and 2020. Recent trends revealed a shift in urban growth towards southern and eastern regions. These dynamics carry critical implications for urban planners and environmental managers, urging a comprehensive understanding of the driving factors behind this expansion to anticipate future challenges. Employing logistic regression (LR) and geographically weighted logistic regression (GWLR) analyses using remote sensing data and GIS, spatially variant coefficients for driving factors emerged, illuminating the evolving landscape of urban development drivers within GIM. Yarmouk University historically promoted urban expansion, but recent proximity to Yarmouk University and JUST University, coupled with higher existing building percentages, inhibited further urbanization. The analysis also revealed that elevation and slope had negligible impacts on urban expansion. These findings underline the evolving dynamics of urban development drivers within the study region. The local perspective depicted significant spatial disparities in coefficients, highlighting variations in magnitude and direction. GWLR emerged as a more robust methodology, effectively capturing regional variations and enhancing model reliability. These findings hold immense value for informing current and future urban planning practices in Greater Irbid Municipality. Proactively addressing identified challenges and understanding the intricate dynamics of urban expansion can assist Irbid in shaping a sustainable and resilient future, avoiding potential pitfalls in its urban development endeavors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The increasingly complex dynamics of urban planning require an innovative approach to land use suitability analyses and environmental assessments. Traditionally, these disciplines have provided a critical foundation for sustainable urban development, but the current acceleration of change requires renewed attention to technology and innovation. The integration of advanced territorial data is emerging as a key element to enrich the analysis and mapping of the landscape. This type of data allows for an updated and objective view of reality, providing urban planners and decision makers with a dynamic tool to quickly adapt to evolving urban needs. The use of new technologies increases the accuracy and effectiveness of these analyses, enabling more efficient and sustainable urban planning. This article explores how innovation and technology are transforming the field of land use suitability analyses and environmental assessments and provides real-life examples of how advanced territorial data can be used to model the landscape more accurately in the case of Umbria, a region in Italy characterised by a rich cultural history and picturesque landscapes. Umbria, with its unique geography and delicate environmental balance, provides a fertile ground for exploring how the implementation of territorial databases can contribute to the responsible management of industrial activities. This case study represents an important first step in applying a QGIS and Python geoprocessing approach to these issues. The methodology starts with the creation of territorial data and includes a post-processing phase using Python. This integrated approach not only provides an updated and objective view of the landscape but also represents the first instance in the literature of a study applied to such a small and environmentally rich region as Umbria. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Public-sector urban planners are essential role-players in the development of sustainable cities. However, there is relatively little understanding of their perceptions of sustainability generally and how or where they obtain information and knowledge around urban sustainability, especially in the Global South. This study, therefore, adopted a mixed-methods approach, employing both an online survey (34 valid respondents) and eight in-depth interviews (together spanning 31 different municipalities), to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and worldviews (based on the New Ecological Paradigm scale) of public-sector planners in South Africa. Generally, the planners held ecocentric worldviews and acknowledged the importance of sustainable urban development and the need to understand urban ecological dynamics and principles in planning and urban greening. However, they also identified a range of factors that hinder their ability to plan for sustainable futures, including institutional flaws, politics and misaligned development goals. Most felt that the extent and distribution of urban green infrastructure in their municipality was below what they deemed as ideal, although the majority were unaware of national guidelines in this respect. Consequently, perceptions and worldviews appeared to bemisaligned with what is prioritized and implemented. Therefore, environmental issues and ecological principles need to be better communicated to public-sector urban planners. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The correct estimation of seismic hazards is a touchstone of seismic risk assessments. However, there is no quantitative or standard methodology to include the impacts of geological (i.e., seismo-tectonic) features of active faults or fault zones, and current classification schemes are not useful in hazard evaluations. Therefore, an attempt has been made to develop a methodology that integrates seismo-tectonic parameters of active faults to better inform urban and regional planning decisions. Fault rating system (FRS) provides a comparative review of faults/fault zones using a rating-based approach. In this approach, seven seismo-tectonic parameters are used to classify the fault/fault zone. Each of the seven parameters is assigned a value corresponding to the seismo-tectonic characteristics. The sum of the seven seismo-tectonic parameters is the fault index (FI) value, which lies in the range 0–100. A total of 64 important faults/fault zones were statistically analyzed to determine the best correlations with FI and moment magnitude (Mw) and peak ground acceleration (PGA). It was found that the FI values provide strong correlations with maximum Mw and PGA. It is proposed urban and regional planners use FRS to ensure a consistent approach in characterizing key aspects of active faults in earthquake-prone regions and in estimating ground motion parameters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In many parts of the world, students face problems, such as the education system, services offered in education, educational programmes, etc. According to previous studies, some of these issues are related to inequalities caused by difficulties in accessing schools. Some of these problems for students are related to commuting distance to school. Past studies have shown that commute trouble and commute distance can cause problems in academic achievement of students, social and physical development. Therefore, this research aims to apply the Spatial Plans Construction Regulation (SPCR) to the Salihli District to test issues with pedestrian transportation to public schools. The results demonstrate a problem of pedestrian access of kindergartens and primary school. When the school locations are examined by network analysis via ArcGIS 10.2 software, it has been determined that the inadequacy of these schools in terms of provision creates a problem. The findings of this study provide useful information for city planners, educators, and school administrators. Knowing which parts of the city are problematic in terms of access and at which school levels there are problems can be used when constructing a new school place and determining the hinterland of the schools and contributes to reducing inequalities in accessibility. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Walkability has been linked to quality of life in many ways. The Walk Score is one of several methodologies aimed at assisting people in evaluating walkability. Despite the validation of this method, the amenity schedule around the day and the occupancy percentage in each amenity are not included in the calculation of the Walk Score, resulting in reduced accuracy. The research aims to improve the Walk Score methodology by inserting the amenity schedule around the day and the occupancy percentage in each amenity in the calculating method of the walk score, as the amenities do not have the same occupancy throughout the day. The research proposes a new method to calculate the Walk Score according to the time and occupancy for each amenity at the residential neighborhood level in Egypt. The research uses Salam New City as a case study to apply the new method to a residential neighborhood using the Urban Modelling Interference (Umi) plugin. Finally, the research proposes the Walk Score Model of Salam New City to calculate the Walk Score around the day. The new Walk Score model helps urban planners improve urban space design and the distribution of amenities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The concept of habitus, as introduced by Pierre Bourdieu, serves as a lens to understand the subjective dispositions and perceptions that influence decision-making within the social realm. This study delves into the intricate relationship between urban planners' habitus and the commodification processes inherent in a neoliberal society. Through thematic analysis of semi-structured interviews with 27 Chilean urban planners, this research identifies typologies that capture their disciplinary stances on three pivotal urbanism facets: the city's conceptualization, the nuances of urban practice, and visions of utopia. A salient finding is the palpable tension urban planners experience, torn between the aspiration to foster a well-conceived city and the commodifying forces that shape decision-making. This commodification of the planner's ethos emerges as a byproduct of entrenched neoliberal institutional practices. This study delineates three distinct habitus typologies: the public, private, and academic urban planner, each exhibiting varied perspectives on the commodification of urban planning. Collectively, these insights shed light on the profound ways in which neoliberal paradigms influence urban planning, revealing both its disciplinary boundaries and inherent contradictions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article thoroughly analyzes the Girne Ancient Harbor and its coastal landscape, employing urban waterfront development principles. The study aims to provide valuable insights for enhancing the urban landscape and ensuring resilience. The research approach incorporates field surveys, archival data analysis, and urban design principles to assess the current state of Girne Ancient Harbor and identify development opportunities. The study explores public access, connectivity, green spaces, urban furniture, and water and land connections by emphasizing environmental and social considerations. The findings highlight the harbor's potential for improvement by capitalizing on its historical and cultural significance. Urban waterfront development principles can create a vibrant, inclusive, and resilient urban environment for residents and visitors. Balancing historical context with contemporary design elements is crucial for successful development. The implications extend beyond Girne Ancient Harbor, benefiting coastal areas facing similar challenges. This research provides a valuable resource for urban planners, architects, policymakers, and heritage conservationists involved in comprehensive development. Ultimately, this article emphasizes the importance of Girne Ancient Harbor as a cultural asset and presents a framework for analyzing the coastal landscape through urban waterfront development principles. By embracing comprehensive strategies and preserving heritage value, the harbor can transform into a thriving urban space while maintaining its unique character. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research aims to explore the capabilities of Artificial Intelligence model applications in sustainable urban planning design, aiming to create an AI-powered model that detects urban sprawl, urban decay, infrastructure deficiencies, and environmental degradation, and generates sustainable solutions. The methodology includes model development, data preprocessing, architecture design, training, and comprehensive questionnaire design and statistical analysis. Insights into the model's performance and perception were gathered from 200 participants, including researchers, developers, architects, and urbanists Results reveal significant variations in perceived model performance across demographic groups. Statistical tests and correlations study showed that participants from urban areas rated the model's effectiveness in detecting urban sprawl significantly higher than those from rural areas, and urban planners found the model's infrastructure deficiency detection less accurate compared to architects. These findings provide valuable guidance for enhancing urban planning strategies and underscore AI's potential in transforming urban planning with more effective and inclusive solutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Artvin Çoruh Üniversitesi Orman Fakültesi Dergisi is the property of Artvin Coruh University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The physical and spatial expansion of cities, which often took place without planning, caused numerous environmental, health, economic, and social problems. This study investigates the physical, spatial, and demographic development and expansion of Ilam city in Iran for over 60 years. To achieve these goals, library studies, data analysis, and field studies were applied. The process of development in Ilam and its demographic changes from 1956 to 2016 have been presented, and then the spatial-physical expansion of the city has been evaluated. The results showed that several factors had impacted the physical development and expansion of Ilam. The highest growth was observed between 1976 and 1986. Also, the development of the city has been more horizontal. The study results show the correlation, intensity, extension, and mechanism of conversion and land-use change in Ilam city and embody its spatial-physical expansion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research paper explores the significance of historic urban landscapes (HUL) in the context of Indian heritage management policies. It investigates the challenges faced in preserving and managing historic urban areas and provides recommendations to enhance the integration of HUL approaches within the existing policy framework. The study draws upon a comprehensive review of scholarly articles, reports, and policy documents related to heritage management in India. The findings emphasise the need for a holistic and inclusive approach that recognises the multifaceted nature of urban heritage and fosters sustainable development while preserving historical significance. The paper offers practical recommendations for policymakers and urban planners to incorporate HUL principles into Indian heritage management policies effectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Urban coherence is recognized in the literature as an essential property of a sustainable and virtuous urban form. Although remaining rather vague and dispersed, urban coherence seems to be often apprehended through the interweaving and interrelation of scales in a complex system. This exploratory work aims to deepen the notion of urban coherence by studying the street network hierarchy and connectivity in relation to an essential and identifiable property of networks, known as arteriality. It indicates the tendency of the most important streets in the network to form a continuous whole. Arteriality guarantees optimal circulation and legibility within a street network. In the first step, a literature review was conducted to identify indicators of urban coherence related to the street network. Subsequently, an evaluation of urban coherence was proposed based on three aspects: the fractality of the street network and its correspondence with a power law, the connectivity of the primary street network, and the arteriality of the street network. This conceptual framework was then tested on five cities' street networks belonging to five medium-sized Algerian cities. The results showed that all the cities studied have a certain urban coherence due to a similar internal structuring. However, from a relative point of view, there were notable differences that can be seen when comparing the cities. It also emerged that the indicators chosen to evaluate urban coherence show a certain regularity within the same city, which may confirm their relevance. Urban coherence is an important quality for a sustainable and well-designed city; however, it is not a concept very clearly defined in the literature. A simple definition of it can be "how different parts of a city work together in a complex way." This study tries to better understand how well a city's streets are hierarchically organized by looking at how they connect to each other, especially the most important ones. A particular property of the street networks called arteriality, which means the tendency of the most important streets in the network to form a continuous whole, was developed. The urban coherence was evaluated based on three aspects: the way the streets are hierarchically arranged, how connected they are, and how arterial they are. The study looked at five medium-sized cities in Algeria and found that they all have some level of urban coherence, but there are also notable differences between them. The chosen indicators to measure urban coherence showed a good consistency within each city, which may suggest that they are relevant. This work has important theoretical implications regarding the hierarchical organization required for a functional street network. Also, it can be further used by urban planners to design better street networks for new areas and improve existing ones. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For freight and servicing movements entering a city, parking provides the access enabling service to customers. This will invariably occur on the street in parking spots or in modern buildings in off-street facilities. In light of changing urban planning priorities and as a result, declining on-street loading zone spaces, this paper explores the provision and challenges of off-street loading docks to support freight and servicing task activity in major urban centres. While it may not be fully appreciated, provisions to adequately accommodate a city's generated freight task is critical to urban planner's broader objectives. As a non-discretionary transport task, freight vehicles will continue to enter cities. If good off-street loading dock facilities are not provided, vehicles will seek out legitimate or illegal on-street parking, and urban planner's place making objectives are likely to be compromised. The paper first considers the planning approaches that govern the provision of loading docks. This paper focuses on Sydney but draws on comparisons primarily to the Borough of City of London. Based on recent observations in Sydney, it then considers various stakeholder perspectives towards loading dock provision and use. Modelling approaches to forecast better requirements that could assist to overcome the planning issues faced are then outlined. The paper concludes with actions taken to address the challenges. • Lack of tools for planning loading docks leads to conflict between developers and government. • Poor provision of loading docks in new developments can compromise urban planning objectives. • Regression and clustering analysis techniques allow the capacity of loading docks and their levels of service to be estimated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Urban agriculture (UA) is an ancient practice in Africa that meets social- and health-related needs. However, it is unclear whether architects and urban planners have incorporated the topic into their research and practices. This study aimed to assess the scientific contributions of these fields to UA and their relevance compared to other disciplines. The research objectives were to evaluate the trends in the subject, architects' and planners' involvement, and the effects of UA on health in Africa. As a method, a review was conducted using Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. The research query was ("urban agriculture" OR "urban farming") AND Africa AND ("health" OR "global health" OR "urban health"), and the time frame considered was January 2000 to December 2020. Zotero, Mozilla Firefox, Google Chrome, Excel, and VOSviewer were used to collect and analyze metadata. After excluding duplicates, a total of n = 390 articles were involved. The results displayed the mixed health effects of UA, a growing interest in the topic with prominence on food security, and evidence from public health, not architecture and planning. The study recommends more theoretical research on UA by architects, which should be translated into policies and implementation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article analyzes the urban and architectural transformations in the Villa de Guadalupe, the site where the cult of the Virgin of Guadalupe originated, in present-day Mexico City, on behalf of Creole architects, urban planners, and clerics. The article argues that members of Mexico City's Creole elite played a critical role in fabricating a fervent cult of a dark-skinned Madonna while orchestrating dramatic changes to the site of the apparitions, which transformed it from a humble Indigenous village into the religious and spiritual heart of New Spain. The essay focuses its attention on the town's urban and architectural changes during the eighteenth century, which is when the village of Guadalupe was transformed into a veritable "villa", a special designation for an urban establishment in the early modern Hispanic world, which vested it with certain legal autonomy. The story of the urban and architectural transformations and innovations at this site is fascinating, given the ambition on behalf of Mexico City's Creoles to appropriate it and its success in promoting it as the source of Mexico City's and New Spain's claims to exceptionality by divine designation. The Virgin Mary's appearances to a humble young Indigenous man in an impoverished Native village near Mexico City, which became the spiritual center of New Spain, became a potent narrative wielded by the Creole elite, as they sought to assert their political claims in the face of staunch opposition from Spanish-born administrators and clergy. At the Villa de Guadalupe, as this essay reveals, Creole elites tested their political, urban planning, and architectural skills, asserting their cultural and political relevance in 18th-century Mexico City. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Spatial multi‐criteria evaluation (MCE) techniques aid urban planning management by analyzing decision problem alternatives for solutions to help inform decision‐making. However, there is a lack of such methods that incorporate the temporal dimension, an important factor when analyzing the dynamic urban landscape and decisions surrounding its changes. A novel spatio‐temporal MCE approach is proposed that operates in three‐dimensional (3D) space and time to identify changing suitability values of decision alternatives. This space–time method is implemented to evaluate the suitability of residential units over a 15‐year period in part of downtown City of Vancouver, Canada. The results indicate that the majority of units exhibit a decrease in suitability with time due to depreciation and reduction of assets like view and privacy from the construction of new buildings. The proposed method can be used by urban planners and developers to assist in long‐term assessments of proposed development scenarios and their impact on existing urban infrastructure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Improving, strengthening, and fine tuning, as well as developing, revitalizing, conserving, and preserving, are all words commonly used in an urban and regional planner's vocabulary. More nebulous are the concepts of it, thyself, which are the other in planning thinking and professional interventions. Who, what, how, when, and where will it be carried out? If conscious and aware of one's actions, oneself ought to be able to answer these questions without deference to its outcomes. However, it is commonly recognized that we are unable, and at times unwilling, to understand others' reaction to a proposal, even when put forward according to established common norms and traditions and socio-economic, environmental, cultural, and legal orders. The purpose of this paper is to review various planning challenges derived from earlier lived and or researched experiences that have already occurred, others taking place here and now, as well as others in need of further conceptualization and study. The review methods build not only upon the now classical sustainability framework, but also upon the more recent and alternative Soft City approach centered on place, movement, and sociability. It is believed that the planning topics and methods analyzed in this review can help reach carbon neutrality goals, promote climate urbanism, accomplish higher utilization of renewable energy, and reduce automobility levels, all goals conducive to graceful bliss and authentic happiness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cities are information systems by its social and physical components. The data of these components create a wider picture in urban texture than it was designed by planners and designer in urban practices. The idea of collecting the data and composing models of spontaneous actions in urban simulations can add different dimensions to planning ideas in social terms and spatial texture. The issue is to find out how these components can be better related with each other to let citizens be urban planners as well up to some level, and what level that would be. The aim of the project is to bring back the social impact of the whole city as linking the hubs of Karaköy and Kabataş through the waterfront, also reawakening the collective memory of the port, by preserving the texture of warehouses form Ottoman Empire. The final outcome would be understanding how effectively project would be able to create the dynamics that have been proposed, and whether there have been other spontaneous actions thought the designed area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A common challenge shared across cities of the Global South is the seemingly impossible task of drawing a consensus on the right interventions and regulatory framework for street hawkers. This impediment, for many countries, originates from not only the pervasive nature of how this sector is characterized, but also the fluidity associated with their perceptions among urban planners and policy makers. This study highlights that while urban planners and state authorities perceive street hawking as a nuisance and try to forcefully evict them from spaces they occupy, some enterprises have modified traditional street hawking to develop what we term "corporate street hawking" in Accra, Ghana. This article presents findings drawing upon semistructured interviews with 47 street hawkers in Accra. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this editorial, we address the concepts of diversity, multiculturalism, equity, racial equity, racism, anti-racism, and intersectionality in urban planning. Despite their significance, these concepts have not received sufficient attention in the mainstream planning discourse. We argue that prioritizing anti-racism is essential for fostering effective anti-racist praxis in planning, leading to institutional and structural change. The special issue introduces key terms and papers, highlighting the importance of context, intersectionality, and Black, Indigenous, and People of Color (BIPOC)/community-led initiatives. In addition, we emphasize the need for reparative planning practices to address historical injustices and disrupt structural racism in the planning field. We call on urban planners to integrate anti-racism as a core principle in their praxis. By dismantling entrenched systems of racism and embracing intersectional approaches, the field of urban planning can contribute significantly to the pursuit of equitable and inclusive urban environments for all. Prioritizing anti-racism, embracing intersectionality, and incorporating reparative planning practices are crucial steps for urban planners to create institutional and structural changes in the planning field. Integrating anti-racism as a core principle can lead to more equitable and inclusive urban environments, addressing historical injustices and promoting positive transformations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this Viewpoint, I develop the concept of the rents of Whiteness as a tool that urban planners can use when evaluating land use issues. The exclusionary power conferred by Whiteness has been leveraged for the economic benefit of privileged communities in myriad ways. This phenomenon can be usefully described as a form of rent-seeking: deriving profits from legal or social exclusion. Planners confront the rents of Whiteness in many forms, including neighborhood exclusion, environmental injustice, and the occupation of tribal lands. Conceptualizing these situations as racial rent-seeking clarifies how benefits captured by White communities are inexorably linked to harms done in non-White communities. I conclude with recommendations for dismantling these rents. For technocratic approaches, planners must not confuse the loss of rents with material harm. In the communicative sphere, planners must redefine communities to include those who have been historically excluded. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This study aims to investigate the neurocognitive status of people with different moods (depressed and non-depressed) both in a typical urban environment (TUE) and in an urban green environment (UGE). Design/methodology/approach: The study was conducted with the participation of 210 individuals in a real environment. Heart rates of the participants were measured together with EEG and eye-tracking measurements while they were walking in a real urban environment (TUE and UGE). The participants were divided into depressed and non-depressed groups according to different moods. Movements within the city based on these two distinctions and different cognitive moods were investigated, together with the effects of the city plan on these people. Findings: As a result, the green urban fabric was found to have a positive effect even on people with depression. Yet, it was found that the non-depressed group also spent more time in a green urban environment. Originality/value: The study shows that urban planners and designers should assume an important role in the design of green spaces, which have a more intense visual and cognitive impact than structures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The design characteristics of urban parks' pathways are important in facilitating leisure walking and maintaining the minimum rate of physical activity, thus improving public health. This study examined and explored the relationships between design characteristics as well as certain visual qualities of Cautin Park, the biggest urban park in the Araucanian Region of Chile, and the tendency for walking as well as walking behavior. A mix of quantitative and qualitative methods was used to examine the objectives. Several design attributes were found to be related to the tendency for walking and the walking behavior in this urban park, including greater pathway width, more vegetation, tranquility along the pathways, and more comfortable pathway environments for pets. Additionally, these correlations were assessed based on gender and age, and it was found that adolescents showed the greatest difference from other groups. For instance, adolescents walk significantly more along pathways with more connectivity to activity zones. Among the visual qualities, only legibility shows a significant correlation with the number of all types of pedestrians, as well as subgroups of adolescents, adult men, and adult women. These results were reviewed, and their implications were discussed. Urban planners and designers could apply these findings when designing future urban parks in this context. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Rapid urbanization and population growth in Chandigarh, India, have resulted in increased noise pollution levels, affecting the quality of life for its residents. This research paper aims to conduct a comprehensive analysis and noise mapping of Chandigarh City. In this study 25 monitoring sites throughout Chandigarh township were utilised to analyse traffic noise using noise descriptors (L10, L50, L90, NC, TNI and NPL). The hourly equivalent noise levels of 25 sites were monitored at peak morning hours (9AM-11AM) and peak evening hours (5PM-7PM) to analyse the environmental noise pollution scenario in the city. The study utilizes geographic information systems (GIS) to create a detailed noise map, identifying critical noise sources and providing insights for effective noise control strategies. A socio-acoustic survey conducted to analyse the public perception towards noise pollution and associated health hazards. The findings of this research can assist policymakers, urban planners, and environmentalists in developing sustainable urban development plans and mitigating the adverse effects of noise pollution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Social Sciences Studies is the property of Social Sciences Studies and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Urban laboratories are gaining popularity in Latin America as spaces of experimentation within urban planning. Based on semi-structured interviews across Mexico, Colombia, and Brazil, we identify two tensions behind the current proliferation of urban laboratories in Latin America. Firstly, the temporary and informal nature of urban laboratories, while promoting innovative thinking and experimentation, limits their long-term impact. Secondly, their reliance on international best practices and highly educated "trendy urbanists" often hinder their ability to foster more democratic and inclusive outcomes. We conclude by reflecting how these tensions highlight larger challenges in realizing the transformative potential of experimental approaches to planning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]