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Ulična mreža je ožilje vsakega mesta in ulica je osnovna enota mestnega prostora, skozi katero ljudje dojemajo mesto. Oblikovanje ulic lahko vpliva na kvaliteto bivanja v mestih, hkrati pa privablja njegove obiskovalce. Z uporabo barve v urbanističnih zasnovah lahko identiteto mesta nadgradimo, popestrimo ali primerno dopolnimo. Z barvo se v urbanizmu srečujemo v vsaki zasnovi, le redko pa je izpostavljena kot element urejanja prostora. Najpogosteje je uporabljena v začasnih urbanističnih rešitvah, s katerimi lahko ob minimalnih posegih v prostor odgovorimo na potrebe družbe in okolja, ustvarimo pa realne in trajne rešitve. Ob uporabi barve v urbanističnih zasnovah moramo upoštevati njen vpliv na človeka in primarno sporočilnost, saj lahko le s primerno izbiro barve zagotovimo željen učinek v mestu. Naloga z uporabo barve ureja območje Barjanske ceste v Ljubljani, ki predstavlja del hrbtenice mesta. Povezuje staro mestno jedro z potezo mestne vpadnice in združuje vzhodno ter zahodno območje ob Barjanski cesti. S tipičnimi profili barvne poteze ustvarja hierarhijo barv, ki uporabniku odpira različne ambiente in s tem kreira unikatno izkušnjo. The street network is the lifeblood of every city and the street is the basic unit of urban space through which people perceive the city. The design of streets can affect the quality of living in cities, and at the same time attract visitors. The city’s identity can be upgraded, brightened, or suitably supplemented by using color in urban design. We encounter color in urban planning in every design, but it is rarely highlighted as an element of spatial planning. It is most often used in temporary urban planning solutions, with which we can respond to the needs of society and the environment with minimal interventions in the space, and create realistic and permanent solutions. When using color in urban planning, we must take into account its impact on people and its primary communication, because only with the appropriate choice of color can we ensure the desired effect in the city. The task with the use of color regulates the area of Barjanska cesta in Ljubljana, which represents part of the backbone of the city. It connects the old town center with one of the main city roads and unites the eastern and western areas along Barjanska cesta. It creates a hierarchy of colors with typical profiles of color strokes, which opens up different environments for the user and thus creates a unique experience.

The aim of the paper was to examine and analyze the context of activity of street performers, presented by the mass media in Poland. The research question was: How the image of street performer in media looks like? Who creates this image? The intention was to describe the way the street performers are being shown by: the media representatives, their own customers and also by themselves. Moreover, the paper highlights the aspect of social role of presenting this kind of human activity in media discourse. This text is a result of ethnography conducted among the street performers in the biggest Polish cities from 2012 to 2016. The ethnography was broadened with the analysis of various examples from media discourse: internet, television, radio, press, film and literature. The analysis includes three different meanings of media discourse: (1) as a communication occurrence, (2) as a compilation of values and (3) as an interaction. The results of the article show the media influence on contemporary meaning and shape of street performances. Moreover, the paper reveals a present social knowledge concerning the street shows.

Nazwy ulic nie są jedynie wyrazami posiadającymi funkcję orientacyjną i wskazującą, lecz również są często nośnikami treści z obszaru polityki i kultury. Poniżej prezentowane są wyniki analizy motywacji przemianowywania ulic w wybranych miejscowościach niegdysiejszego nazistowskiego powiatu buskiego podczas II wojny światowej. Przed analizą należałoby oczekiwać, iż powodem takich kroków ze strony władz okupacyjnych była chęć zarówno wyrażenia swojej siły i ideologii na okupowanych terenach, jak również usunięcia takich nazw ulic i placów z przestrzeni publicznej oraz społecznej, które stały w sprzeczności z polityką i kulturą narodowego socjalizmu podczas II wojny światowej. Celem poniższej pracy jest prezentacja procesu zmiany nazw ulic i placów w wybranych miejscowościach. Przykłady prezentowane w artykule zostały pogrupowane ze względu na funkcję nazwy ulicy. Z analizy jednoznacznie wynika też, iż Niemcy albo bez zmian przejęli polski hodonim, albo tylko go zniemczyli nie zmieniając jego funkcji, na podstawie czego widać, iż polski językowy obraz świata mógł bez przeszkód funkcjonować również w świadomości innej społeczności językowej. The street designations do not enable only the topographical-spatial orientation, because they are also the carriers of the political and cultural contents. The paper is written about the results of the trends’ analysis in the change of the names of streets in the chosen places of the Busko County during the Second World War. The reason of these steps was primarily to express the Nazi power and ideology in the names of the streets, as well as to remove from the public and social space the designations which clashed with the Nazi politics and culture. The purpose of this article is to present how the names of streets and squares were changed. The examples which were shown in the article are sorted because of the function of the names. In this analysis it is also exposed that the German converted the Polish hodonyms without changing their names or their functions. In this way it can be seen, that the German people accepted the Polish language world picture and used it in their own language during their presence on the occupied areas of Poland. Straßennamenschilder besitzen nicht nur die Orientierungs- und Hinweisefunktion, sondern sind auch Träger von Inhalten aus dem Bereich der Politik und Kultur. Es werden hier die Ergebnisse der Untersuchung der Straßenumbenennungsmotivierung in ausgewählten Ortschaften der ehemaligen Kreisstadt Busko während des Zweiten Weltkrieges präsentiert. Der Grund einer solchen Politik war, sowohl die nationalsozialistische Macht und Ideologie in den besetzten Gebieten zum Ausdruck zu bringen als auch die im Widerspruch zur NS-Politik und Kultur stehenden Hodonyme aus dem öffentlichen Raum zu entfernen. Das Ziel des Beitrags ist es, darzustellen, wie Straßen- und Platznamen umbenannt wurden. Die Belege wurden im Hinblick auf die Funktion des Hodonyms sortiert. Aus der Erforschung des Sprachmaterials geht ebenfalls eindeutig hervor, dass die Deutschen die polnischen Straßenbezeichnungen entweder unverändert annahmen oder sie nur eindeutschten, ohne deren Funktionen zu verändern, sodass es sichtbar wird, dass das polnische sprachliche Weltbild auch im Bewusstsein einer anderen Sprachgemeinschaft reibungslos funktionierte

Cilj istraživanja je bio ispitati koje načine prikaza prostora djeca koriste u likovnom izražavanju istog te u kojoj mjeri organizirano promatranje utječe na prikaz tog prostora. Istraživanje je provedeno u dječjem vrtiću „Seka i braco“, Slavonski Brod, u predškolskoj odgojnoj skupini koja broji 30-ero djece. Proces istraživanja je tekao tako da su djeca najprije dobila motiv onoga što trebaju likovno prikazati. Motiv je bio ulica u kojoj se nalazi njihov dječji vrtić. Poticaj je bio usmeni, uz obliku razgovora, bez prethodnog vizualnog poticaja. Koristili su se olovkom kao crtačkom tehnikom. Sudjelovalo ih je 26-ero. Nakon tjedan dana, djeci je zadan isti motiv, ali u ovom slučaju uz organizirano promatranje istoga prostora- šetnja ulicom uz istovremeno promatranje i razgovor. Djeca su mogla prije samog prikazivanja prostora vizualno predočiti sve elemente istoga. Sudjelovalo ih je 25-ero. Svi radovi su prikupljeni i analizirani. Analizom radova je zaključeno da pojedina djeca prikazuju prostor i elemente prostora drukčije nakon vizualnog poticaja, dok ih ostali prikazuju jednako, ali uz drukčiji poredak. The purpose of this research was to examine what ways of artistical expression children use for space and to what extent organized observation has an impact on the expression of that space. The research was conducted in the kindergarten „Seka i braco“, Slavonski Brod, with the preschool group that counts 30 children. The research process was done so that the children first got the motive of what they needed to express. The motive was the street where their kindergarten is located. The stimulus was oral, in the form of a conversation, without the prior visual stimulus. They used a pencil as a drawing technique. 26 children participated. After one week, the same motive was given to the children, but in this case with the organized observation of the same space- a walk along the street with simultaneous observation and conversation. The children could visualise all the elements of space before displaying it. 25 children participated. All of the artwork was collected and analyzed. By analyzing the artwork, it was concluded that individuals show space and elements of the space differently after the visual stimulus, while others showed them equally but with a different order.

Murali nam često i na izuzetan način otvaraju vrata mašte. Stanje realnog svijeta, njegov život i razvoj najbolje se vidi kad je „izložen“ na ulici. Cilj je gradnje nerealnog svijeta taj da mu se posvetimo kako bismo bar načas pobjegli od realnog svijeta koji nas često guši u problemima. Vrlo često na ulici nailazimo i na okrutnu istinu koja osvještava prolaznike. Upravo taj izlazak iz stvarnosti opisuje moj rad – psihodelija figuracije i apstrakcije koja se prožima na sva četiri zida jedne prostorije. Murals frequently open the doors to our imagination in extraordinary ways. The real world, how it is growing and living, is best observed when “exposed” on a street. Castles are built in the air so we can dwell in them at least for a moment, to hide away from the real world that is too suffocating. The street often gives us the hard truth which wakes up the passers-by. This process of waking up is what my work describes. The psychedelia of figuration and abstract permeating all four walls of one room.

U radu se donose rezultati istraživanja koja se provode proteklih godina u jugoistočnom dijelu Ise (intra muros). Dosad su tim istraživanjima pronađeni ostatci dviju ulica orijentiranih u smjeru S-J (stenopos), te triju inzula (insulae). U inzulama su pronađeni i prvi ostatci kuća, od kojih ni jedna za sada nije u potpunosti istražena, pa se rad ponajprije temelji na istraženim dijelovima ulica i organizaciji prostora unutar grada. Uz kraći osvrt na povijest istraživanja koja su pridonijela boljem sagledavanju urbanizma Ise, u tekstu se raspravlja o stepenastim ulicama i kanalima u njima, potom se objavljuju dosad nepoznati podatci o ulicama u Isi pronađenima tijekom istraživanja s kraja pedesetih godina prošlog stoljeća u zapadnom dijelu grada; zatim se govori o veličini inzula i u preliminarnom obliku iznose se zapažanja o kući 1 u inzuli I (I, 1). Donosi se novo viđenje isejskog rastera i daju usporedbe sa sličnim urbanističkim rješenjima gradova u južnoj Italiji, Epiru, sjeverozapadnoj Grčkoj i južnoj Francuskoj., This work contains the results of research which has been ongoing in the south-east section of Issa (intra muros) in recent years. The remains of two streets with a north-south orientation (stenopos), and three insulae have been found thus far in the course of this research. The first remains of houses were found in the insulae, of which not one has been thoroughly examined, so this work is based primarily on the researched sections of the street and the organization of space inside the city. In addition to a brief overview of the course of research, which has contributed to a better understanding of urbanism in Issa, the text contains a discussion of the stair-like streets and the gutters in them, while previously unknown data on the streets of Issa found in the western section of the city during research from the late 1950s are also published. This is followed by discussion of the size of the insulae and observations on house I in insula I (I, 1) are provided in preliminary form. A new view of the Issa urban layout is also presented, together with comparisons with similar urban planning solutions in southern Italy, Epirus, northwestern Greece and southern France.

Der vorliegende Beitrag präsentiert die in Chronik meiner Straße entwickelten Strategien der literarischen Topographie. Die Autorin des Artikels versucht, den im Schreibverfahren skizzierten topographischen Elementen im neuesten Buch Barbara Honigmanns nachzuspüren. Der Text wird in Anlehnung an die Raumkonzeptionen von J. Hillis Miller, Michel Foucault und Marc Augé interpretiert. The article presents the strategies of literary topographies, that the writer has included in her new work. The author of the article concentrated her efforts on grasping the performed act to sketch the topography in the text, and completed the analysis based on J. Hillis Miller, Michel Foucault and Marc Augé concept of a space. W artykule zaprezentowane zostały zastosowane przez pisarkę literackie strategie topograficzne. Autorka artykułu koncentruje się na uchwyceniu perfomatywnego aktu szkicowania topografii w tekście, dokonując analizy w oparciu o koncepcje przestrzeni J. Hillisa Millera, Michela Foucault i Marka Augé.

Der vorliegende Beitrag präsentiert die in "Chronik meiner Straße" entwickelten Strategien der literarischen Topographie. Die Autorin des Artikels versucht, den im Schreibverfahren skizzierten topographischen Elementen im neuesten Buch Barbara Honigmanns nachzuspüren. Der Text wird in Anlehnung an die Raumkonzeptionen von J. Hillis Miller, Michel Foucault und Marc Augé interpretiert. The article presents the strategies of literary topographies, that the writer has included in her new work. The author of the article concentrated her efforts on grasping the performed act to sketch the topography in the text, and completed the analysis based on J. Hillis Miller, Michel Foucault and Marc Augé concept of a space. W artykule zaprezentowane zostały zastosowane przez pisarkę literackie strategie topograficzne. Autorka artykułu koncentruje się na uchwyceniu perfomatywnego aktu szkicowania topografii w tekście, dokonując analizy w oparciu o koncepcje przestrzeni J. Hillisa Millera, Michela Foucault i Marka Augé.

Artykuł jest poświęcony zagadnieniu dzieci ulicy – specyficznemu problemowi miejskiemu. Zagadnienie to omówione zostało w kontekście teoretycznej dyskusji na temat rozumienia społecznych problemów i patologii oraz wyników badań własnych. Punktem wyjścia analizy jest założenie, że zjawisko/problem dzieci ulicy nie wyczerpuje się w opisie sytuacji ekonomicznej dzieci i ich rodzin - wymaga uzupełnienia o interpretację systemu norm i wartości, które z jednej strony dotyczą troski nad dziećmi i zagwarantowania im przez dorosłych opieki, z drugiej strony odnoszą się do społecznie negocjowanego i środowiskowo ukonstytuowanego wizerunku dziecka i właściwego dla niego repertuaru zachowań. W odniesieniu do koncepcji i definicji dzieci ulicy oraz zebranego materiału empirycznego omawiany został społecznie kreowany wizerunek dzieci ulicy, dynamika zjawiska i jego wielowymiarowe konsekwencje. Wyróżniono trzy (kluczowe) powiązane i wzmacniające się cechy sytuacji dzieci ulicy oraz zaproponowano klasyfikację, obejmującą łącznie siedem podkategorii dzieci ulicy, które zostały wyodrębnione na podstawie charakteru więzi rodzinnych, ich mobilności oraz prowadzonego przez nie stylu życia. The paper is focussed on the issue of street children – a specific urban problem. The problem is discussed in the context of theoretical discussion on the subject of understanding of social problems and pathologies, as well as results of own research. The starting point for the analysis is the assumption that the phenomenon / problem of street children is not exhausted in the description of economic situation of children and their families; it must be complemented with interpretation of the system of norms and values that on the one hand refer to taking care about children and providing care by adults, and on the other hand they concern socially negotiable and environmentally constituted image of child and repertoire of behaviours appropriate for them. With reference to the concept and definition of street children and collected empirical material, socially created image of street children, dynamics of the phenomenon and its multidimensional consequences are discussed. Three (key) associations and strengthening features of the situation of street children were defined, and classification including in total seven subcategories of street children that were distinguished on the grounds of the nature of family ties, their mobility and lifestyle they followed were proposed in the study.

Disert acija je usmerena na ist raživ anje urbanist ičkih rešenja v ažećihplanov a naselja u Vojv odini, sa t ežnjom da se prouči način, logika, s misaoi ideje planiranja buduće fizičke st rukt ure gradov a, odnos prema njenimbrojnim element ima i njihov im kompleksnim i živ im odnosima.Analizirano je ukupno dv anaest planov a det aljne regulacije koji se bav et ransformacijom, rev it alizacijom fizičkih st rukt ura fragmenat anaselja. Rezult at i ist raživ anja pot v rđuju post avljene hipot eze, odnosnorazličit ost i prist upa planiranju t ransformacija fizičkih st rukt urav ojv ođanskih naselja, nedost at ke, mane i kv alit et e i u zaključnom delu sudat e određene smernice koje t reba da doprinesu prev azilaženju uočenihproblema kao i dopune post ojeća naučna saznanja iz oblast i urbanizma., Dissertation is focused on the research of urban solutions current plans forsettlements in Vojvodina, with the aim to study the way the logic, sense andideas of planning the future physical structure of cities, the relationship to itsmany elements and their complex and vibrant relationships. A total of twelvezoning plans that deal with the transformation, revitalization of the physicalstructure of the fragments of the towns are studied. The research resultsconfirm the hypotheses and diversity approach to planning the transformationof the physical structure of Vojvodina settlements, defects, flaws andqualities and in the concluding section are given some guidelines that shouldcontribute to overcoming the identified problems as well as amendments toexisting scientific knowledge in the field of urban planning.

U radu je na temelju dostupnih izvora obrađeno imenovanje i preimenovanje gospićkih ulica kroz povijesni i politički kontekst u kojemu su se ti procesi događali. Nakon uvodnoga dijela, u kojemu se tema definirala teorijski i metodološki, slijedi opis povijesnoga konteksta u kojemu se razvijao Gospić, stanja sačuvanosti i dostupnosti izvora za proučavanje njegove hodonimije, opis, analiza i sinteza procesa odlučivanja o imenima gospićkih ulica i trgova te popis promjena imena., On the basis of available sources, this paper elaborates on the process of denomination and renaming of the streets of Gospić within the historical and political context in which those processes took place. The introductory part, in which the theme is theoretically and methodologically defined, is followed by a description of the historical context in which Gospić developed, of the preservation status and availability of resources for the study of its hodonymy, as well as a description, analysis and synthesis of the process of naming of streets and squares in Gospić, and a list of name changes.

In the aftermath of 1989 polish society faced many changes. The first changes were associated with the processes of implementing ready products and objects of the western economy and culture. The implants presented new forms and organizations of social life. The implants provided designs, new styles of life, Western movies, popular television series, fast food restaurants, supermarkets, malls, Western corporations, and even new occupations and professions. In a consumption society, on the one hand, there are the beneficiaries of these changes. But on the other hand, there are those who have not succeeded. However, both groups are involved in the social consumption game. They both have different strategies allowing them to participate in a society whose central value and activity is consumption. I would like to present the results of research on the strategy of participation in the social life of a consumerist society. The main aim of our research is to determine whether the special organization of a society, in which the central value is consumption, is democratic. We emphasize the importance of democracy in everyday life, politics, and media. We would like to answer the question of whether there is a democracy of consumption. In our opinion, it is a fundamental research problem. Our research has been carried out using the methods of visual sociology. We gathered very rich visual materials depicting the light and dark sides of consumption in the new democracies.

Izgradnjom obrambenog sustava grada Varaždina tijekom 15. i 16. stoljeća gradska predgrađa odvojena su od jezgre oko koje su se razvijala. Nasipi, grabišta i zidine odvojili su unutrašnji grad od njegovih suburbija i utjecali na njihovu urbanizaciju do početka 19. stoljeća. Na urbanizaciju suburbija utjecali su i brojni požari, ratovi i druge nedaće stanovnika. Kupoprodajni ugovori zabilježeni u gradskim zapisnicima spominju brojne ulice suburbija i njihove stanovnike te omogućuju da se analizom intenziteta trgovine kućama i gradskim zemljištima prati njihova urbanizacija. U 17. stoljeću oblikovana je njihova prostorna i komunikacijska struktura, još uvijek vidljiva u današnjoj mreži ulica grada. Novi doseljenici naseljavali su se oko glavnih komunikacijskih osi i novih središta važnih za život stanovnika. Sjeverni suburbij formirao se uz sjevernu gradsku prometnicu, staru rimsku via magna koja je stoljećima povezivala naselja uz rijeku Dravu sa srednjom Europom. Uz tu se prometnicu, sjeverno od tvrđe oblikuje Ciglenica, mjesto održavanja sajmova. Južni suburbij, platea regali i platea Sancti Viti, razvijaju se oko Donjih vrata, južnog prilaza gradu i crkve sv. Vida dok je Miličkom koncu i Poklečanu izgradnjom bedema potpuno prekinuta veza s unutrašnjim gradom s kojom su činila funkcionalnu cjelinu što će dovesti do njihove stagnacije. Trgovina kućama sa zemljištima i vrtovima u drugoj polovici 17. stoljeća pokazuje da su varaždinski suburbiji urbanizirana područja, prostorno oblikovana, s utvrđenim komunikacijskim strukturama i mogućim pravcima širenja. Urbanizacijom via fossata ambiens, ceste koja je obilazila gradske bedeme, stvoreni su svi preduvjeti da se suburbiji povežu prostorno i komunikacijski u cjelinu te će se nakon rušenja gradskih bedema početkom 19. stoljeća skladno povezati s unutrašnjim gradom., After the defence system of the town of Varaždin was built during the 15th and 16th centuries, its suburban areas became separated from the town nucleus around which they had so far been developing. The earth ramparts, moats and walls now separated the inner town from its suburbs and thus influenced their urbanisation until the beginning of the 19th century. The urban development of the suburbs was also affected by numerous fires, wars and other calamities. As the purchase contracts entered in the town records mention a large number of suburban streets and their inhabitants, it is possible to analyse the intensity of trading activity relative to buying and selling houses and plots, and thus to follow the urban development of the suburbs. In the 17th century their urban spatial structure and their communication structure were formed, which can still be seen in today's street network. Most incomers settled in the areas around the main communication axes and around newly formed focal points and locations of importance for inhabitants' lives. The northern suburb was formed along the northern communication axis, the old Roman via magna, which had been connecting the settlements by the river Drava with Central Europe for centuries. Along this road, to the north of the fortress, Ciglenica developed as a place where fairs were held. The southern suburbs, Platea regali and platea Sancti Viti, were formed by the Lower gate, the southern entrance to the town, and around the church of St. Vid. At the same time, after the construction of the town walls Milički konec and Poklečan were completely disconnected from the inner town, with which they had up to then constituted a functional single entity, and this led to their stagnation. The evidence of buying and selling houses and plots in the second half of the 17th century shows that Varaždin suburbs were urbanised areas, their spatial structure was formed and they had an established communication structure and possibilities to expand. With the urban development of the area along via fossata ambiens, the road bypassing the town walls, all preconditions were set to interconnect the suburbs and after the town walls had been pulled down at the beginning of the 19th century, those suburban areas were harmoniously reconnected with the inner town.