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The "beautiful viviparous fly", Wohlfahrtia magnifica, may have a magnificent appearance due to its striking morphology; however, it is a potentially deadly agent of obligate traumatic myiasis in humans and animals, with a serious impact on welfare and economics. The fly is found across the Palearctic realm, including the Western Balkan region, with reports from former Yugoslavian countries from the first half of the 20th century. In this paper, a recent case of wohlfahrtiosis recorded in Northern Serbia is evidenced using morphological and molecular techniques. Larvae were collected from two adult sheep with severe hoof myiasis and two young sheep with genital and interdigital myiasis. Morphological identification was performed for adults bred from the infested vulva and third-stage larvae (L3) collected from the hoof wounds, supported with barcoding sequences of the COI gene obtained from larval pairs from the hoof wounds of older and the genitalia of younger sheep. W. magnifica was identified according to the appearance of male fly terminalia and the morphology of L3, which was confirmed after the comparison of representative sequences of the COI gene (deposited in GenBank™ under accession numbers MT027108–MT027114) to those available in GenBank™. This finding represents the first reported case of wohlfahrtiosis in the Western Balkans in 80 years, highlighting the need to re-inform relevant stakeholders to achieve adequate disease control. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper focuses on the jembe (djembé) as a symbol of Africanness in contemporary Serbian culture. Players' narratives often underline the universality and spirituality of distant, romanticised Africa linking these supposed features to 'archaic' aspects of Serbian and Balkan traditional music. The trope of universally adaptable rhythm has united different players, from pioneers of cross-cultural sound during late Yugoslav socialism to the proponents of present-day multiculturalism in Serbia. This paper is informed by ethnographic research with the group Đembija, a recent Belgrade-based music project, and by the use and discourse surrounding the jembe and other African instruments by other contemporary Serbian musicians. The jembe's use in world music bands serves as the basis for a diversity of ideological, poetic and musical practices. Simultaneously, the aural learning, small scale and 'slow pace' of musicianship, in contrast to the hectic everyday experience of contemporary capitalist society, acquires nostalgic resonances within Serbia's budding cross-cultural jembe playing practices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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The paper focuses on Aleksandar Petrov’s novel Kao zlato u vatri, originally published by this Serbian author in 1998. The novel’s main characters represent diverse ethnic groups inhabiting the Balkans (Jews, Serbians, Russians), and their fortunes intertwined with the tumultuous events of 20th century history, namely WWII and the Yugoslav Wars of the 1990s. The primary objective of the article is to address the question of whether it is feasible to apply Michael Rothberg’s model of multifaceted memory in a scenario involving distinct memory communities (such as Serbs, Croatians, and possibly Jews), characterized by a specific proximity (primarily territorial, historical and rooted in past coexistence within one national entity) and where relations are predominantly shaped by unresolved past grievances and mutual accusations of guilt. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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This paper presents an artistic paleolandscape experiment based primarily on recent palynological data from the Paleolithic site of Pešturina, in the Central Balkans of Serbia. These data are integrated into the general knowledge of flora and vegetation changes in the Balkans and southern Carpathians obtained through other paleobotanical sequences, especially pollen records from lake sediments. The paleoartistic proposal includes several drawing attempts at different geographic scales with an emphasis on plant taxa and their position within glacial refugia. The contrast with the interglacial situation is also illustrated, but the work especially focuses on the concept of long-term refugia and the altitudinal shifts of steppes, conifers, and broad-leaf trees. An ecological and biogeographical discussion accompanies the illustrations, highlighting the insurmountable methodological limitations and the challenges that pose obstacles to the progress of palynology as a technique for paleoenvironmental reconstruction at the spatial scale. The structure of the paper aims to serve as a guiding example for the teaching and scientific dissemination of paleosciences, from a conservationist perspective that is much needed in the current scenario of global change and biodiversity crisis. • Challenging Traditional Zoocentrism in Paleoartistic Research. • Paleoartistic works show Paleolithic vegetation within a Refugium in Central Balkans. • During the Pleistocene, Balkan Neanderthals survived in the ecotone between steppes and mixed forests. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Thufur (earth hummocks) are small periglacial landforms typical for subpolar latitudes, as well as for the high alpine areas at lower latitudes. Their presence in the mountains of the Balkan Peninsula was spotted during the mid-20th century. In this paper we analyze morphometry and morphology of thufur in the context of physio-geographical conditions for their formation. The main aims are to inventorize the thufur in the study area and to determine the physio-geographical factors which enabled their formation at non-zonal elevations. Statistical analysis was performed on the sample of 305 thufur mapped in the field, measuring their circumference, height, and delineating their areas. Classification of the results revealed morphological varieties in terms of horizontal and vertical development. The elevation of the sampling location Ponor is 1,410 m a.s.l., which is considerably lower than the zonal periglaciation in Serbia, at approx. 1,900 m. Therefore, the role of relief as a climate modifier is analyzed in the context of conditions for the azonal development of periglaciation process. Topographical conditions for thufur formation were analyzed through slope inclinations and vertical dissection, determined using the Digital Elevation Model over Europe with 25 m resolution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Serbian government has taken several measures to prevent the spread of COVID-19. These measures may have led to a disruption of daily life and affected food-related behaviors. This paper investigates the state of food waste management in Serbia and COVID-19's direct effect on consumer awareness, food consumption, and food waste behaviors. The study is based on an online survey using a structured questionnaire administered in Serbian from May 13 until June 13, 2020, through the Google forms platform. A total of 1212 valid answers were collected, mainly from female, young, and high-educated people. The survey results suggested that (i) household food waste in Serbia is low and there is a positive attitude toward food waste prevention; (ii) food waste increased during the COVID-19 pandemic; (iii) consumers reduced the number of shopping trips and shopped more than usual during the pandemic. This study contributes to a better understanding of consumers' consumption habits and attitudes toward food waste to prevent and reduce it. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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In this paper we summarize the current knowledge on the distribution of Lumbricus terrestris on the Balkan Peninsula. For this purpose we reviewed all published data on its distribution in addition to original data from our old institute collection and recent field investigations. The objective of this paper is to analyze the whole list of records in order to present a general overview of the distribution of Lumbricus terrestris on the Balkan Peninsula. Based on literature data, we also give some possible explanations of ecological influences on the current range characteristics. It belongs to peregrine species native to the Palearctic but has been introduced all over the world. During the last 30 years this species has been recorded from many localities in Serbia, Bulgaria, Bosnia and Herzegovina, and continental parts of Croatia and Slovenia, while it is not present in the Mediterranean part of the Balkans (Turkey, Greece, southern Croatia, southern Montenegro, and Albania). Until the present, the southernmost findings of Lumbricus terrestris have been in the southwestern part of Macedonia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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The process of rural neglect leads to massive abandonment of rural areas throughout the Balkans. The paper provides an insight into the situation in the rural environment of Serbia. The aim of the study is to identity the reasons for rural abandonment in Serbia in order to define the optimal ways to overcome the current situation. An integrated questionnaire was designed for all respondents, and there were also several separate questionnaires. The results indicate the difficult situation in the rural area of Serbia and that the current trend of rural abandonment will continue. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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In this paper, we explore the developmental challenges facing the academic profession in Europe and especially in some Western Balkan countries, Croatia and Slovenia. First, we look at how the higher education environment determines key changes to the academic profession: expectations to demonstrate professional expertise, internationalisation, segmentation, and precarity. While these processes are mainly considered from the above perspective, we also examine the work of academics from within. Second, we discuss aspects of academic tasks, challenges of synchronising academic work with performance measures, intensification of work and expansion of bureaucratic tasks. Building on these perspectives, we introduce a qualitative pilot study that tests how these general trends described in the literature may be applied to given situations in five countries of former Yugoslavia: Slovenia, Croatia, Serbia, North Macedonia and Kosovo. Although these countries cover a relatively small geographical area, the differences among them with respect to the economy, society and politics are important. Our findings suggest that problems accumulating in academic work in Slovenia and Croatia were in almost all of the surveyed aspects less problematic than in the three other observed countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Organized crime and corruption have become the biggest security threats in the Western Balkans since the major wars there ended. They have slowed down the transition and accession progress of several countries. We argue in this paper that the Western Balkans occasionally faces the problem of networked state capture based on a corrupt nexus among organized crime, business, politics, security services and the judiciary. First, the concept of multidimensional and networked state capture is developed in order to identify the roles played by typical actors (captors) and their mutual relations (nexus). Second, the very complex nexus of circumstances leading to state capture in the Western Balkans is explained. In the empirical part, the network established by the Zemun clan, one of the worst examples of state capture in the entire region, is reconstructed using social network software. The case reveals the strong and deadly interconnections among the mentioned captors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Knjiženstvo is the property of University of Belgrade, Faculty of Philology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Purpose - The purpose of this paper is examine governance and enterprise restructuring in Southeast Europe (SEE) (Western Balkans) transition economies. International organizations classify the following countries in SEE (Western Balkans): Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Macedonia, Montenegro and Serbia. Design/methodology/approach - The European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD) has governance and enterprise restructuring as a basic indicator of economic transition and defines it as effective corporate governance and corporate control exercised through domestic financial institutions and markets, fostering market-driven restructuring. The corporate governance is most often defined in terms of the roles, responsibilities, and interactions of top management and the board of directors. Using data of SEE economies, the interrelationships between governance and enterprise restructuring and set of policies that influence the governance patterns will be examined. Findings - Due to the analysis of the first assumption where a relation was made between governance and enterprise restructuring and imposed set of policies, the results have shown that there are mixed outcomes. The second hypothesis analyzed the importance and progress of corporate governance and enterprise restructuring. Originality/value - The paper shows that the overall outcome of SEE countries is mixed, as there are significant improvements in some countries and noteworthy lags in others. Indeed, needed considerable improvement is needed in corporate governance, institution-building controlling agency problems and in imposing already adopted regulation; as well as adopting new ways of enterprise restructuring policies within existing policies of overall transition economy restructuring. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents the results of research into moth fauna in the region of Jagodina (Serbia), during 2013-2020 combined with casual data from earlier years. A total of 106 species from 16 families was encountered, as follows: Hepialidae 1, Cossidae 1, Saturniidae 3, Lasiocampidae 1, Geometridae 23, Notodontidae 1, Sphingidae 6, Nolidae 1, Erebidae 18, Noctuidae 31, Crambidae 7, Pyralidae 7, Pterophoridae 2, Tortricidae 1, yponomeutidae 2, Zygaenidae 1. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Bulletin of the Institute of Ethnography of the Serbian Academy of Sciences & Arts / Glasnik Etnografskog Instituta SANU is the property of Institute of Ethnography, SASA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The domestic mountain horse is an autochthonous breed of horse that originated in the Balkans, which, with the support of the fund for the protection of genetic resources, began to restore the population of this breed, primarily in the area of Stara Planina. Intestinal parasite tests were performed on domestic mountain horses in three separate pastures on Stara Planina. A total of 124 horses from three herds were tested In Izatovac we 44 tested horses, in Boljev Dol 30 and in Borovsko polje 50 horses. All the horses were kept in a semi-free system on mountain pastures - during the day they were in pastures, moving freely in a space of several kilometers around the farm, only to be closed during the night due to the danger of wolves, usually in the same facilities with sheep, goats and cows. The diet was based exclusively on pasture. All horses were clinically healthy, in solid condition, which was at its best in early summer, when the grass was at its most lush. For coprological diagnostics, sedimentation and flotation methods with a saturated solution of NaCl and ZnSO4 were used in parallel. The Clayton-Lane method was used to count parasite eggs. Identification of parasite eggs was done on the basis of morphometric characteristics. Based on the results of the examination, the following parasites were found: Trichostrongylus axei in 66.67%, Strongylus edentatus in 83.33%, and Parascaris equorum.33.33%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper will analyze the business environment and conditions for doing business in Serbia and other Western Balkan economies. It will be done both through the analysis of macroeconomic milieu and also through the analysis of barriers and other indicators of business environment of these economies. It will be shown that there are similarities in a number of observed indicators, but also the differences in most of them. The environment varies among observed Western Balkan countries. There are similarities in macroeconomic variables as well as well-marked differences in the level of barriers for doing business and indicators of business climate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Vistula Scientific Quarterly / Kwartalnik Naukowy Uczelni Vistula is the property of Vistula University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Bulletin of the Natural History Museum in Belgrade is the property of Natural History Museum in Belgrade and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Two decades after the Thessaloniki Summit – a milestone in the European Union’s relations with the Western Balkans, when the European perspective for the countries of the region was announced, only Croatia became an EU member in 2013. The disappointment with the slow progress towards EU accession, the economic stagnation, the declining political will for reforms in the candidate countries for membership from the Western Balkans and the so-called “enlargement fatigue” create opportunities for other geopolitical players, most notably the Russian Federation and China, to intervene. Russia has long cultivated close ties with Serbia and other Slavic allies in the Balkans, a region at the crossroads of East and West. Russian influence in Serbia is based on three pillars: 1) Russia as a permanent member of the UN Security Council; 2) The Russian Federation as the main supplier of energy in the region; 3) historical, cultural and political ties between the country and countries with an Orthodox tradition. The Russian invasion of Ukraine in February 2022 has forced the governments of the Western Balkan countries to take a clear stand against the aggressor, while the EU tries to give a new impetus to the enlargement process and strengthens its presence in the region. However, Serbia continues to follow a complex and contradictory policy. Although the country supports the UN resolutions condemning the aggression of the Russian Federation and the illegal annexation of Ukrainian territories, it refrains from applying the EU sanctions in response to the actions of the Russian Federation. The reason for this is the Russian support on the issue of Kosovo, which is of primary importance for the Balkan country. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Republic of Kosovo is the territory with the least known spider fauna within the Balkans. The present list of spiders is based on all published records available to the authors and also includes original unpublished data. The checklist comprises only 159 species belonging to 29 families and 108 genera. This low number is due to different reasons but mostly because the spiders herein has never been studied in their entirety and because we excluded all the records from the "Balkans", "Yugoslavia", "Serbia", and the border mountain "Kopaonik", for which cannot certainly be argued that relate to Kosovo, so we worked only with reports, containing reliable data on the spider fauna from there. The aim of this study is to presents annotated preliminary checklist of the spiders of Kosovo with additional faunistic data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Geopolitical analysis of the policies of the great powers over and in the Balkans in the period of three years is the object of this paper. The author initiates by retelling an event in 2019, indicative of one of the two theses of the text, namely that the US has returned to the Balkans. The second is the assumption, originally launched by the Russian geopolitician Dugin, that the Balkans are one of two monitors of world politics. The text is divided into five chapters. In the introductory part, the author defines his hypothesis and opts for Italian neoclassical geopolitical thought as a theoretical framework. The second chapter overviews basic socio-historical and geographical features of the Peninsula relevant for geopolitical understanding, while the third part of the text puts local political action of both external and internal actors into a broader geopolitical context. The fourth part is the most extensive and represents an overview of the most significant political actions of the great powers - Russia, the United States and China, and Germany, Turkey, and local countries. The conclusive part answers positively to Dugin's assumption and confirms the thesis that great powers' politics in the Balkans has regained importance for the US. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper describes a well-preserved hemimandible of Percrocuta miocenica from Brajkovac (Lazarevac municipality, Central Serbia). Based on the faunal remains recovered so far, the site is attributed to Mammal Zone MN6 (Langhian, middle Miocene). Apart from Prebreza, this is only the second site where remains of P. miocenica have been found in Serbia, and the third one in the Balkans. The newly discovered fossil, along with other taxa (e.g., Bunolistriodon meidamon , Giraffokeryx punjabiensis , Alloptox sp.), underlines the similarities between the middle Miocene Balkan and Anatolian mammal faunas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Industry / Industrija is the property of Economics Institute and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The Western Balkans in the period from 1992 to 2000 and later was the site of serious armed conflicts in which there was a significant threat to human life and other human rights of the civilian population. The deployment of international humanitarian organizations in this area was significant and with somewhat different role than the example of the African continent or elsewhere. Period of the ten war years as many post-war years of their engagement was quite enough for methodologically correct examenation of their role, problems and attitudes of the "beneficiaries" of these organizations on the activities of these organizations and their synchronization with the government. Numerous problems were noted from the practice of humanitarian organizations that are potencially usefull for improvements in the future. In this paper we present only some parts of the expert group from Serbia extensive research who exactly talking about these problems. Particularly interesting are the data on the abuse of humanitarian aid as well as data that are different from those presented by some official international organizations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In spite the fact that lately European leaders seem to have paid more attention to managing economic and financial crisis' effects, the relation with the Western Balkans turns out to be still of interest for the EU. The main reason for this is constituted by the interdependency between the stability of the Western Balkan security environment and the one of the European space, interdependency which isn't at all negligible and is still topical. The consolidation of the relations between Russia and Serbia in the energy area, the continuation of the divergences between the Albanian secessionist movement from Kosovo, on the one hand, and Belgrade, on the other, Bosnia and Herzegovina's political crisis as well as the violent events which took place in North Kosovo equally emphasize this interdependency. The present paper set: itself to analyze the relation of mutual determination of the security of the two spaces considered from the perspective of liberal realism theories, especially from the one of the Regional Security Complexes, taking into account the most recent events which marked the destiny of Western Balkan states, their relation with the EU and with other actors of the international arena, as well as the relations between them. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bolbelasmus (Bolbelasmus) unicornis (Schrank, 1789) (Coleoptera: Geotrupidae) is a rare and threatened beetle distributed mostly in Central, Eastern and Southeast Europe. As a species of special conservation significance it is included in Annexes II and IV of the Habitat Directive of the European Union. Several new records of this species documented using light traps and soil sampling were recently reported in Serbia (the central part of the Balkan Peninsula). In this paper we present and discuss the current distribution of this species in the region studied based on GIS occurrence data. The distribution is mapped and values of environmental variables within this beetle's range are quantified using GIS technology. In addition, we predict its potential range in Serbia using a model based on the current distribution of this beetle, environmental variables and distribution of its food source. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Issues in Ethnology Anthropology is the property of Issues in Ethnology Anthropology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This article examines the brief history of the Serbian consulate in Serres in 1897–1899 as a failed attempt at state-building. Drawing on evidence from recently published materials by the Serbian State Archives, the article argues that the Serbian consuls in Serres, Branislav Nušić and Sima Avramović, played an important role in the efforts to promote Serbian national identity and defend Serbian political interests in Ottoman Macedonia. The consulate in Serres was part of an expanding Serbian diplomatic network in Macedonia, which proved instrumental to other Serbian initiatives, such as the creation of new schools and the appointment of Serbian priests in the region. The Serbian consular activities in Serres formed an aspect of a wide-ranging transnational strategy of deploying consulates across Macedonia in the wake of the Serbian-Bulgarian War of 1885. Such institutions served to advance national interests and protect national subjects outside the borders of the fledgling Balkan states. Reviewing recent scholarship on Romania, Bulgaria, and Greece, the article concludes by comparing the Serbian example to those of other Balkan nations and suggesting further venues for comparative and entangled historical research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Personality can explain people's adjustment to the environment, prestige, esteem and respect by society, friends, family, co-workers, and supervisors. The five-factor personality model describes a common understanding of personality formation in the five major profiles, commonly referred to as Extroversion, Conscientiousness, Neuroticism, Agreeableness, and Openness to Experience. This research explored the effect of Big five personality profiles on Organizational Citizenship Behaviour to determine whether a personality can be a predictor of the existence of Organizational Citizenship Behaviour particularly toward university personnel. Baseline data for this research was collected from public and private universities in Bosnia and Herzegovina, Serbia, and Montenegro. A total of 560 surveys were collected from 26 private and public universities. Findings show that Extraversion has an impact on Organizational Citizenship Behaviour. On the other side, Neuroticism has a negative impact on Organizational Citizenship Behaviour, while Openness to experience has no impact on Organizational Citizenship Behaviour. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article is devoted to the establishing and functioning of the Balkan national health systems in the late 19th and early 20th centuries on the example of Bulgaria and Serbia. The comparative analysis shows that in both countries during the period in study serious measures were taken to build a modern health system and the basic indicators derived from statistics show undeniable development in this respect in both countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The outcome of the dialogue between Kosovo and Serbia determines in many ways peace and stability in the Balkans and the process of integration of the western Balkans in the EU. The dialogue and the solution of the dispute between these countries becomes especially important under the situation of the potential aggression of Russia against Ukraine. It is very clear that Kosovo has shown its orientations towards deep integration in EU and NATO whereas the attitudes of Serbia remain to be clarified. Talks or dialogues between parties in this dispute have started many years ago and the outcomes were far from expectations. The dialogue process was ambiguous in many aspects. Especially in the aspect of parties and the facilitation or mediation of the entire process. Thus, the article gives a description of the long lasting dialogue underlaying the most important acts and the shortcomings of the dialogue along with the expected results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of SHILAP Revista de Lepidopterologia is the property of Sociedad Hispano-Luso-Americana de Lepidopterologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper presents the unlikely perspective on Balkan culture and history of a contemporary Serbian artist Marina Abramovic. It aims at presenting the manner in which Abramovic represents her personal experience on the stage, in an attempt to understand both her own past and the recent events of the conflicting Yugoslavian land. Analyzing the process of anamnesis and aesthetic expression, the vulnerable, yet crucial role of memory and the underlying mystical level of her creation, the essay finally emphasizes the way postmodern performance and body art approach the relation between personal and collective biography in historically tormented areas such as the Balkans. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper gives an overview of Serbia's participation in various forms of regional cooperation in the Balkans. This cooperation became especially important in the post-Dayton period. In the case of Serbia, it was pushed back by the Yugoslav war, which led to international sanctions and the 1999 military intervention by NATO. Therefore, Serbia's full-fledged participation in regional organisations resumed only after the regime change of October 2000. European and Euro-Atlantic orientation constitutes today the principal direction of Serbia's foreign policy and in this connection the developing of regional cooperation in the Balkans, especially in their western part, is a prerequisite for Serbia's future accession to the EU, which can become possible between 2014 and 2017. Serbia occupies a central place in the Balkan region. Situated at the crossroads of Europe and the Middle East, it has experienced the influences of both eastern and western civilisations. Recently, regional cooperation has become a prerequisite for Serbia's EU accession as an externally determined process with rigorous conditions and increasing expectations. Therefore, this article brings an overview of the role of Belgrade role in that cooperation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: In this paper we summarize the current knowledge on earthworm diversity in the central part of the Balkans, in the State of Serbia. Up to now, 71 species and 8 subspecies, belonging to 18 genera, are known from investigated territory. Our aim was to produce a single priority list for earthworm conservation, particularly as the Balkan countries did not have their own Red Lists for earthworms and none of the species had a legally protected status. The list underlines the diversity of earthworms, zoogeographical position as well as category of threat. The analysis based on the IUCN (2001) Red List Categories shows that 17 of 79 taxa are Critically Endangered (5 species are serious Critically Endangered, but 12 species are only suspect for the Critically Endangered category), 9 species are Endangered and 14 species are Vulnerable. Serious candidates for their inclusion in CR category within the IUCN (2001) Red List are: Cernosvitovia biserialis, Dendrobaena kozuvensis, Lumbricus improvisus, Serbiona kosowensis montenegrina and Serbiona serbica. Of all registered earthworms, 34 taxa (43.1%) were identified only as endemic species. Unfortunately, most of the high-priority species are endemic (23 taxa). The position of the Central Balkans contributes to the great biodiversity of earthworms on its territory, but the fact that nearly 36% of its lumbricids are threatened is a strong signal that action is required. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

The meniscus midges Dixella aestivallis (Meigen, 1818) was recorded for the first time on the territory of Serbia. This species was found in the Karamejdan Lake on the territory of the protected nature reserve Pešter plateau, the highest karst plateau of the Balkan Peninsula. The larva of D. aestivalis was detected in a locality with welldeveloped aquatic vegetation and high value of oxygen concentration. Dixella aestivalis is a eurytopic species, which prefers to live in different types of small stagnant waters. This study is a result of the ongoing monitoring of freshwater ecosystems. This finding is the starting point for further studies of these species in Serbia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The prospect of accession of the Western Balkans into the EU has been declining, with Brussels unwilling to accept new members, and the Western Balkan region becoming indifferent towards adopting EU-imposed norms. Although this process has been extensively studied, the academic literature has largely omitted the roles of external actors. This article fills the gap by focusing on China and its role vis-à-vis the ongoing Europeanisation of Serbia and Montenegro, both of which host significant Chinese investments and are regional frontrunners in the EU enlargement process. We begin by addressing theoretical aspects of Europeanisation and then apply this framework to our case studies. Our position is that the two states’ turn to the policy of alternatives is the result of failing Europeanisation, allowing them to deepen their engagement with China - an action that has become synonymous with the policy of alternatives to EU enlargement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An often underrated but significant debate among Serbian intellectuals is how best to interpret Serbia's political development from the late nineteenth to the early twentieth centuries. Conventional, mainstream understanding is that this period culminated in the golden era of Serbian democracy that lasted from 1903 to 1914. I identify this approach as a liberal‐national interpretation of this period. On their part, Serbian critical historians envision this period in terms of failed modernisation that led to the development of Serbian populism and ethnic nationalism. Even though these depictions involve opposing historical framings of Serbia's past, they both reproduce an ideological picture of the Serbian past rooted within a binary civic/ethnic nationalism framework that constrains analyses of this period to either a modernising civic era or a period that fostered the foundations for ethnic nationalism. Moreover, I argue that, at the discursive level, the debate is not about the past at all. It is primarily about interpreting the contemporary Serbian political system, the role Serbian intellectuals play in it, and whether successful democratisation in a Serbian society could be organised on the principles of further expansion, centralisation, and national homogenisation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Morpho-anatomical characteristics of Vaccinium myrtillus, V. uliginosum and V. vitis-idaea leaves from several sites of the Central Balkans were examined. The aim of this study was to investigate for the first time morpho-anatomical leaf traits of these species in the studied populations and to identify traits that follow a specific trend along the gradients of climate factors. Leaf traits that discriminate Vaccinium species were as follows: depth of the adaxial cuticule (AdC), thickness of the palisade tissue (PT), thickness of the spongy tissue (ST), height of the abaxial epidermal cells (AbE), height of the abaxial cuticule (AbC) and leaf thickness (LT). Populations of V. myrtillus were characterized by the smallest, and populations of V. vitis-idaea by the highest values for AdC, PT, ST, AbE and LT. Additionally, AbC was significantly larger for V. uliginosum in comparison to two other species. On the basis of morpho-anatomical traits, intraspecific variability of the studied species was explored by Principal Component Analysis (PCA), Cluster Analysis (CA) and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). CA based on 10 morpho-anatomical traits showed that populations of V. myrtillus and V. uliginosum that grew at lower altitudes (characterized by higher mean annual temperature) are more similar to each other. Especially V. myrtillus was responsive to the elevational gradient and exhibited the highest plasticity in morpho-anatomical leaf traits. Populations of V. vitis-idaea had a different pattern of differentiation along the elevational gradient. CA showed that the populations at the lowest and at the highest altitudes were more similar according to the morpho-anatomical leaf traits, meaning that evergreen leaves were more resistant to environmental conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As one of the oldest documented mines in Europe, Rudna Glava should be at the very top when it comes to geotourist visits in Serbia and the Balkans. The research goal is to point out the possibilities of geotourism development in this part of Serbia, while the findings aim to identify the existing problems for geotourism development in the area. The study will analyze the geotourism potential of this archaeological site by using the Geosite Assessment Model (GAM), combining the main and additional values. The GAM involves grades given by experts and provides a relatively actual image of the geoheritage state based on which it is practicable to plan and enhance the activities for the observed sites. The outcomes showed that the observed site has a high score of the main, and a low score of additional values. This means that the site should be additionally protected, and included in various tourist programs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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