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Researchers from Osaka University in Japan conducted a study on the infection-prevention performance of local exhaust ventilation systems under three different underfloor air distribution systems during face-to-face conversations. The study compared the effectiveness of hoods in floor-supply displacement ventilation, horizontal flow-type floor diffuser, and swirling flow-type floor diffuser systems. Results showed that the risk of airborne infection for doctors decreased in the order of FSDV < HFD < SFD, with the FSDV system being more effective in reducing airborne infection risks. The research suggests that these findings can be applied to smaller spaces like examination rooms and meeting rooms. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted at Osaka General Medical Center in Japan examined the risk factors for overly rapid correction of profound hyponatremia, a condition that can lead to osmotic demyelination syndrome. The research found that a low initial serum sodium level, female sex, primary polydipsia, and low frequency of follow-up within 24 hours were significant independent risk factors for overly rapid correction. The study suggests that physicians should carefully manage patients with profound hyponatremia who exhibit these risk factors to prevent complications. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted at the National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center in Osaka, Japan, explored the acute effects of the SGLT2 inhibitor empagliflozin on baroreflex function and urine output in type 1 diabetic rats. The research found that empagliflozin significantly increased urine flow and decreased sympathetic nerve activity, while preserving overall sympathetic arterial pressure regulation in diabetic rats. The study suggests that empagliflozin may offer cardioprotective benefits by minimizing reflex sympathetic activation. For more information, readers can refer to the Journal of Physiological Sciences. [Extracted from the article]

The article discusses the importance of standardized treatment guidelines for acute stroke management in Japan, focusing on the Japan Stroke Society guidelines and the Japan Stroke Data Bank. It highlights the significance of systemic support, risk factor control, and specific therapies such as thrombolysis and anticoagulants for different types of strokes. The research emphasizes the need for timely and tailored interventions in stroke care to improve patient outcomes, as shown by improvements in functional outcomes for ischemic stroke patients over the past two decades. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted in Japan investigated the epidemiology of pediatric meningitis and encephalitis using the FilmArray Meningitis/Encephalitis (FA-M/E) panel, a molecular diagnostic tool that can detect 14 pathogens within 1 hour. The study found that viral and bacterial pathogens were detected in 49 and nine cases, respectively, with human parechovirus and enterovirus occurring mainly in epidemic clusters during the summer and primarily affecting young infants. The FA-M/E panel was able to identify bacterial and viral pathogens causing pediatric meningitis and provide valuable information on the epidemiology and clinical manifestations of the diseases. This research contributes to optimal patient management and expands knowledge in this field. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted in Osaka, Japan compared the effectiveness of aspirin monotherapy versus clopidogrel monotherapy in patients who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention with drug-eluting stents. The study found that there were no significant differences in cardiovascular or bleeding outcomes between the two groups after one month and up to one year. The findings suggest that aspirin monotherapy may be as effective as clopidogrel monotherapy in this patient population. The study was supported by Abbott Medical Japan and has been peer-reviewed. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted in Osaka, Japan, has focused on poststroke epilepsy (PSE), a condition associated with higher mortality and poor outcomes in stroke patients. The study highlights the need for attention from health policymakers and increased funding for PSE prevention research. The researchers suggest that a tissue-based approach, rather than a time-based one, should be used to distinguish early seizures from late seizures. They also emphasize the importance of reliable biomarkers for PSE and the need for seizure prophylaxis to prevent functional and cognitive decline in stroke survivors. The study concludes by summarizing the current understanding of poststroke epileptogenesis and suggesting strategies to advance research on PSE. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted at Kansai Medical University Medical Center in Osaka, Japan, aimed to identify the risk factors for postoperative delirium (POD) in patients undergoing cholecystectomy for acute cholecystitis. The study included 77 patients and found that the C-reactive protein/albumin ratio (CAR), Subjective Global Assessment (SGA) score, and history of psychiatric disease were significantly correlated with the development of POD. The researchers concluded that CAR may be a beneficial assessment measure for identifying the risk factor for POD in patients with acute cholecystitis. This study provides valuable insights for healthcare professionals and researchers in the field of gastroenterology and psychiatry. [Extracted from the article]

A new report discusses research findings on essential tremor, a condition characterized by uncontrollable shaking. The report focuses on MR-guided focused ultrasound (MRgFUS) thalamotomy, a non-invasive surgical treatment for essential tremor and tremor-dominant Parkinson's disease. The study aimed to identify effective sonication strategies for patients with a low skull density ratio (SDR) by modifying the standard sonication protocol. The researchers found that minimizing alignment sonications and using high-energy sonication in early treatment helped create optimal lesion volume and control tremor in low-SDR patients. The modified sonication protocol did not significantly increase adverse events. [Extracted from the article]

A new report from Osaka University in Japan discusses research findings on the impact of a partner's cancer diagnosis or death on mortality risk. The study, which followed 55,050 married couples over a period of time, found that after a partner's cancer diagnosis, the mortality rate ratio for all-cause mortality did not increase, but there was an increase in externally-caused mortality, particularly suicide among men. After a partner's death, the mortality rate ratios for all-cause, cardiovascular disease, respiratory disease, and externally-caused mortality significantly increased among men. The study also found that smoking affected some of the cause-specific mortality risk. [Extracted from the article]

A report from the Department of Cardiology in Osaka, Japan discusses the potential use of fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) in the diagnosis and treatment of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). FGFs have shown promise as diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets for CVDs. The report highlights the potential of FGF1, FGF2, FGF4, and the FGF19 subfamily in maintaining cardiovascular health and suggests that further research and clinical trials are needed to fully understand their therapeutic potential. FGFs may offer novel strategies for preventing and managing CVDs, addressing the limitations of current treatments. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by researchers at Osaka University in Japan aimed to investigate the causes of death among cancer survivors, with a specific focus on non-cancer-related mortality. The study analyzed data from the National Cancer Registry in Japan between January 2016 and December 2019, including a total of 3,990,661 patients. The findings revealed that non-cancer-related deaths accounted for 13.4% of deaths among cancer survivors, with heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, and pneumonia being the leading causes. The study emphasizes the importance of managing cancer and its comorbidities carefully. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted in Osaka, Japan, explored the clinical impact of lipoprotein (a) (Lp[a]) and cumulative exposure to low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) on coronary artery disease (CAD) in patients with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia (HeFH). The study found that patients with CAD had significantly higher cumulative exposure to LDL-C and Lp(a) concentration compared to those without CAD. The researchers also identified cutoff values for Lp(a) and cumulative LDL-C exposure that could predict CAD in patients with HeFH. The study concluded that the cardiovascular risk in this population is greatly enhanced by the interaction of traditional risk factors, particularly smoking and cumulative LDL-C exposure. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted at Osaka Women's and Children's Hospital in Japan investigated the impact of surgical complications on the outcomes of children with hepatoblastoma, a type of liver cancer. The study found that severe surgical complications, such as massive blood loss and bile leakage, were associated with a worse prognosis. The participation of experienced liver surgeons and a shorter duration from surgery to postoperative chemotherapy were linked to better outcomes. The research suggests that involving experienced liver surgeons in technically demanding liver resections is important. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted at Rinku General Medical Center in Osaka, Japan, explored the use of hydrocolloid dressings in preventing hypertrophic scarring in post-cesarean section wounds. The study randomly assigned patients who had undergone cesarean section to either an intervention group that applied hydrocolloid dressings or a control group that refrained from dressing application. The results showed that the intervention group had lower scores for hypertrophic scarring compared to the control group at 6 and 12 months after the procedure. The study suggests that the application of hydrocolloid dressings can reduce the risk of hypertrophic scarring after cesarean section. [Extracted from the article]

The article focuses on a study evaluating the effectiveness of upadacitinib, a second-line JAK inhibitor, for treating ulcerative colitis (UC) in patients who did not respond to or were intolerant of first-line JAK inhibitors. Topics include the clinical remission rates achieved with upadacitinib, the impact on C-reactive protein levels, and the potential benefits of rotating JAK inhibitors in UC treatment.

A new report discusses research conducted at the National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center in Osaka, Japan, on the association between completion of a comprehensive cardiac rehabilitation program and long-term clinical outcomes in patients with cardiac implantable electronic devices (CIED). The retrospective cohort study included 834 patients with CIED who participated in the program, and the primary outcome measured was all-cause mortality. The study found that completing the program was associated with lower mortality risks in patients with CIED. The researchers suggest that new programs or management methods are needed to decrease mortality risks for those who cannot complete the rehabilitation program. [Extracted from the article]

A recent report from Shionogi & Company Co. Ltd. in Osaka, Japan discusses the role of neuroimmune dysfunction in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and other forms of dementia. The research highlights the importance of immune abnormalities in the development of AD and the potential impact of microglia, resident immune cells in the central nervous system, on brain homeostasis. The study also explores genetic evidence, imaging and biofluid biomarkers, and potential candidate drugs to target neuroimmune dysfunction in AD. The researchers suggest that future therapeutic approaches for AD could involve precision medicine and the modulation of disease-relevant immune cell populations. [Extracted from the article]

A new report from Osaka University in Japan examines the validity of self-reported participation in cancer screenings and health checkups. The study included over 7,000 participants and compared their self-reported participation to municipal records. The findings showed that self-reported participation had moderate to high sensitivity and specificity for colorectal, stomach, breast, and cervical cancers. However, the researchers caution that self-reported participation, especially for lung cancer screening and health checkups, should be interpreted carefully when assessing the effectiveness of preventive measures. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by researchers at Osaka University in Japan explored the relationship between the KEAP1-NRF2 oxidative stress response system and age-related changes in spermatogenesis. The study found that as males age, sperm count decreases and oxidative stress and KEAP1 expression in the testes increase. Inhibition of KEAP1 in aging mice resulted in a significant increase in sperm count. Additionally, a genetic variant associated with NRF2 activity was found to be more prevalent in patients with non-obstructive azoospermia, a condition characterized by a lack of sperm in semen. These findings suggest that the KEAP1-NRF2 system is associated with age-related spermatogenesis dysfunction. [Extracted from the article]

A new report from Osaka, Japan discusses the risk factors for tachycardia-induced cardiomyopathy (TIC) due to atrial fibrillation (AF). TIC is a reversible heart condition caused by fast heart rhythms, with AF being the most common cause. The study found that higher heart rate and current smoking were independent risk factors for the development of TIC due to AF. The research suggests that managing heart rate and quitting smoking may help prevent TIC in AF patients. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted by Osaka University in Japan aimed to identify the key risk factors for subtypes of physical frailty in community-dwelling Japanese individuals, stratified by the presence of musculoskeletal diseases (MSDs) and age group. The study included 302 participants aged 70 or 80 years who did not exhibit subtypes of physical frailty at baseline. The researchers found that older age was a risk factor for subtypes of physical frailty, but other risk factors differed depending on the presence of MSD and age. The study provides new insights into musculoskeletal diseases and conditions in older adults. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers from Osaka University in Japan have identified a potential biomarker for progressive pulmonary fibrosis (PPF), a worsening of various interstitial lung diseases (ILDs). The researchers performed a proteomic analysis of serum extracellular vesicles (EVs) and found that pulmonary surfactant-associated protein B (SFTPB) in serum EVs could predict ILD progression better than known biomarkers. The levels of pro-SFTPB, primarily originating from alveolar epithelial type 2 cells, were increased in both serum EVs and lungs of patients with PPF, indicating pro-fibrotic changes in the lungs. This finding suggests that SFTPB, especially its pro-form, in serum EVs could serve as a biomarker for predicting ILD progression. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted at Kindai University in Osaka, Japan, aimed to identify risk factors for febrile neutropenia (FN) in patients with small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) receiving carboplatin plus etoposide therapy. The study found that the co-administration of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) or potassium-competitive acid blockers (PCABs) and a low body mass index (BMI) were significantly associated with FN. Patients with both factors had a higher frequency of FN compared to those without the factors. This research provides valuable insights into the risk factors for FN in SCLC patients undergoing this specific chemotherapy regimen. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted in Osaka, Japan, explores the role of insulin signaling in glomerular cells for diabetic kidney disease (DKD). The research highlights the increasing prevalence of DKD and its association with hyperglycemia. While intensive glycemic control has been shown to delay the onset and progression of DKD, the study suggests that insulin signaling and its associated signaling may play a significant role in preserving glomerular function. The findings provide novel insights into the reno-protective effects of insulin signaling in DKD. [Extracted from the article]

A new report from Osaka, Japan discusses the risk factors for kyphotic deformity after cervical laminoplasty (CLP) in patients with cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM). The study found that greater cervical kyphosis during flexion and a greater gap range of motion were associated with an increased risk of kyphotic deformity after CLP. The researchers suggest that patients with a cervical flexion angle of -25 degrees or less and a gap range of motion of 30 degrees or more are at high risk for developing significant kyphotic deformity after CLP. This information can be useful for clinicians in identifying patients who may be at risk for this complication. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by the Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine in Japan explored the factors associated with the failure of nonoperative management (NOM) in pediatric patients with blunt liver and spleen injuries. The study found that NOM failure was rare, occurring in only 1% of patients. Factors that were associated with NOM failure included older age, positive focused assessment with sonography for trauma (FAST), contrast extravasation on computed tomography (CT), severe liver injury, and concomitant injuries to the pancreas, gastrointestinal tract, and mesentery. The study provides valuable insights into the management of pediatric blunt liver and spleen injuries. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted at Osaka University Hospital in Japan explored the use of coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) in patients at high risk of coronary occlusion during transcatheter aortic valve (TAV) replacement. The study focused on a 94-year-old man who had previously undergone TAV replacement and was admitted due to exertional dyspnea. The patient underwent TAV-in-TAV concomitant with CABG, and the postoperative course was successful. The researchers concluded that concomitant CABG could be considered as an option for patients with a high risk of coronary occlusion during TAV-in-TAV. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted at Osaka University in Japan has identified a new biomarker, Fibulin-3, that can predict liver-related events in patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). The researchers used proteomic analysis of proteins in extracellular vesicles (EVs) to identify eight candidate proteins, including Fibulin-3, that changed with advanced fibrosis. Further analysis confirmed that high serum Fibulin-3 levels were associated with a greater frequency of liver-related events. This finding could help stratify patients at high risk for liver cancer and decompensation, providing a noninvasive marker for MASLD. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted at Osaka University in Japan investigated the prognosis of induced labor in pregnancies with suspected fetal growth restriction (FGR) and the effects of discontinuing oxytocin during the active phase of labor on maternal and neonatal outcomes. The study found that oxytocin can be safely discontinued during the active phase of labor in women undergoing labor induction for FGR without an increased risk of cesarean delivery or other unfavorable outcomes. The research suggests that the risk of cesarean delivery is low after the active phase of induced labor for suspected FGR, but caution should be exercised due to the high incidence of uterine tachysystole and rapid labor progression. [Extracted from the article]

A recent report from Osaka University in Japan highlights the findings of a study on arterial thromboembolism (ATE) in Japanese patients with cancer. The study aimed to investigate the incidence of ATE, identify predictors of ATE, and determine its impact on survival. The research found that ATE is a significant complication for cancer patients, leading to treatment interruptions and poor outcomes. Factors such as male sex, advanced age, advanced cancer stage, and hematologic malignancies were associated with a higher risk of ATE. The study also found that antithrombotic therapy after ATE is associated with improved survival among cancer patients. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted at the Osaka International Cancer Institute in Japan has provided new insights into the management of foregut neuroendocrine neoplasms. These neoplasms, which occur in the esophagus, stomach, and duodenum, are highly diverse and have varying risks of progression depending on factors such as location, cell type, size, and grade. The study explores the use of different endoscopic and imaging techniques to inform treatment decisions, which can include surgical or endoscopic resection and medical therapy. This research has been peer-reviewed and is available for further reading in the journal Best Practice & Research Clinical Gastroenterology. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted at Kansai Medical University Hospital in Osaka, Japan, aimed to assess the safety of immune checkpoint inhibitors (IO) in patients aged over 80 years. The study included 181 patients, mostly men, with a median age of 82 years. The incidence of immune-related adverse events (irAEs) was found to be 35%, leading to discontinuation of IO therapy in 19% of cases. The study identified increased body mass index, eosinophil counts, and albumin levels as potential risk factors for irAEs. The researchers concluded that IO therapy is a safe treatment option for patients over 80 years old, but caution should be exercised in managing patients with elevated eosinophil counts. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by the Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine in Japan examined the effectiveness of different strategies for treating pediatric out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA). The study compared the outcomes of intra-arrest transport, where patients are transported to the hospital during active cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), with on-scene CPR, where CPR is continued at the scene. The researchers found that there was no significant difference in survival to hospital discharge between the two groups overall. However, among children under the age of 1, intra-arrest transport was associated with a lower likelihood of survival. This study provides valuable insights into the treatment options for pediatric OHCA. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by researchers at the Graduate School of Medicine in Osaka, Japan, explored the effects of LCZ696, an angiotensin receptor-neprilysin inhibitor, on endothelial dysfunction in diabetic mice. The study found that LCZ696 improved endothelium-dependent vascular relaxation in diabetic mice, potentially through increased bioavailability of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP). The researchers concluded that LCZ696 may have a vascular protective effect in diabetic models and could be more effective than valsartan. This research has been peer-reviewed and published in the Journal of Atherosclerosis and Thrombosis. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted at Setsunan University in Osaka, Japan, examined the impact of patient lectures on pharmacy students' awareness of hepatitis B patients. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the lectures were divided into two groups: one attended in person and the other viewed remotely via teleconferencing. The study found that both groups experienced a significant change in their awareness of hepatitis B patients after attending the lectures. The researchers concluded that delivering these lectures remotely can be just as effective as face-to-face interactions, highlighting the value of humanity education in both contexts. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by investigators at Osaka University in Japan examined the suicide risk among patients with cancer, specifically focusing on the differences between men and women. The researchers used standardized mortality ratios (SMRs) to compare the risk of suicide among cancer patients to the general population. The study found that both men and women with poor prognosis had a higher suicide risk, but the difference in SMRs between the good and poor prognosis groups was smaller for women than men. This research provides valuable insights into the mental health challenges faced by cancer patients in Japan. [Extracted from the article]

A recent report from National Hospital Organization Osaka National Hospital in Japan discusses the impact of a cancer history on cardiovascular events among patients with myocardial infarction (heart attack) who received revascularization. The study found that patients with a history of cancer had a significantly higher risk of composite cardiovascular events compared to those without a cancer history. Additionally, patients who were diagnosed with a heart attack within 6 months after their cancer diagnosis had a higher risk of cardiovascular events compared to those diagnosed later. This research highlights the importance of considering a patient's cancer history when assessing their risk of cardiovascular events after a heart attack. [Extracted from the article]

A preliminary report from Osaka City University in Japan discusses the treatment of painful neuromas, which remains challenging. The study investigates the use of a collagen-coated polyglycolic acid (PGA) conduit as a capping device for treating amputation neuroma in a rat model. The results suggest that nerve-end capping with the PGA conduit may prevent neuroma formation by suppressing scar formation and neuroinflammation, potentially relieving neuropathic pain. This research provides valuable insights into the development of new treatments for painful neuromas. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by researchers from Osaka University in Japan has found that anti-lipoprotein lipase antibodies (anti-LPL Ab) can serve as a useful marker for plaque vulnerability in patients with stable angina. The study focused on the association between anti-LPL Ab levels and plaque characteristics in 80 male coronary artery disease (CAD) patients. The results showed that higher levels of anti-LPL Ab were correlated with more necrotic plaques and fewer fibrotic plaques, indicating a higher risk of plaque instability. When combined with anti-apolipoprotein B-100 antibody (anti-apoB-100 Ab) levels, anti-LPL Ab levels can help identify higher-risk cases. This research provides valuable insights into the diagnosis and treatment of CAD patients. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted by researchers at Osaka University in Japan examined the relationship between dietary consumption of antioxidant vitamins and prostate cancer risk in Japanese men. The study included 40,720 men without a history of cancer who completed a food frequency questionnaire. After an average follow-up period of 15.2 years, 1,386 cases of prostate cancer were identified. The study found no associations between consumption of antioxidant vitamins (including alpha-carotene, beta-carotene, vitamin C, and vitamin E) and prostate cancer risk. However, higher lycopene intake was associated with an increased risk of prostate cancer. The researchers concluded that there is no association between antioxidant intake of vitamins and prostate cancer risk. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted at Osaka Rosai Hospital in Japan investigated the effects of the hypoglycemic agent dapagliflozin on serum uric acid (UA) levels in patients with advanced chronic kidney disease (CKD). The study included 31 patients with CKD who were newly started on dapagliflozin for renal protection. The results showed that dapagliflozin can lower serum UA levels through increased UA excretion, even in patients with advanced CKD. This research provides valuable insights into the potential benefits of SGLT2 inhibitors in managing kidney diseases and conditions. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted in Osaka, Japan, examined the association between malnutrition and the discontinuation of home medical care among older patients. The study included 333 Japanese older patients receiving home-visit nursing care services and assessed their nutritional status using the Mini Nutritional Assessment (R)-Short Form. The results showed that being at-risk of malnutrition was associated with a higher likelihood of discontinuing home medical care. This research provides valuable insights into the relationship between nutritional status and the provision of home medical care for older patients. [Extracted from the article]

A new report from Osaka University provides fresh data on Legionnaires' Disease in Japan. The study examined the epidemiology of Legionella pneumonia in Japan, including seasonal trends, risk factors for severe disease, and fatality rates. The retrospective cohort study analyzed data from adult patients hospitalized for Legionella pneumonia from April 2011 to March 2021. The study found that the number of hospitalized patients increased yearly, with a high mortality rate of 6.4%. Factors associated with higher mortality included older age, male sex, lower body mass index, worsened level of consciousness, comorbidities, hospitalization from November to May, and ambulance use. Lower mortality was associated with comorbidity (liver diseases), hospitalization after 2013, and hospitalization in hospitals with higher case volume. Further research is needed to understand the complex interplay between prognostic factors of Legionella pneumonia. [Extracted from the article]

A recent report discusses research conducted in Osaka, Japan on the use of endobronchial ultrasound-guided core biopsy (EBUS-CB) for diagnosing intrapulmonary lesions. The researchers used a 25-gauge transbronchial needle aspiration (TBNA) needle to create a tract in the bronchial wall, allowing for the collection of sufficient histological samples for biomarker analysis and tissue diagnosis. The study concluded that the use of a 25-gauge needle for tract creation improves the diagnostic yield of EBUS-CB and enables the collection of well-preserved histological samples. The research has been peer-reviewed and published in Translational Lung Cancer Research. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers at Osaka University conducted a longitudinal study to explore the factors associated with mask-wearing and hand disinfection in Japan before and after the coronavirus disease outbreak. They surveyed Japanese individuals aged 18 years and older from January 2020 to January 2023. The study found that the frequency of exposure to information was significantly associated with mask-wearing and hand disinfection, with different types of information being influential before and after the outbreak. The research provides insights for developing risk communication strategies to promote preventive behavior. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted at Osaka City General Hospital in Japan explored the use of a novel marker, the minimum umbilicus-vertebra diameter (MUVD), in preoperative computed tomography (CT) images and robotic surgery to prevent severe intra-abdominal infectious complications (IAICs) following minimally invasive gastrectomy (MIG) for cancer. The study included 400 patients with gastric cancer who underwent laparoscopic gastrectomy (LG) or robotic gastrectomy (RG). The researchers found that a high MUVD and laparoscopic surgery were independent risk factors for severe IAIC occurrence. They concluded that robotic surgery should be considered first in patients with gastric cancer who have an MUVD value of 84 mm or higher to reduce the risk of severe IAICs. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted by Kindai University in Osaka, Japan, explored the incidence of diabetes mellitus after distal pancreatectomy (DP) and its predictors. The study found that glucose tolerance worsened and insulin secretion decreased after DP, leading to an increased risk of developing diabetes. Factors such as impaired glucose tolerance before surgery and reduced insulin response to glucose after surgery were identified as risk factors for diabetes following DP. The study concluded that impaired glucose tolerance and reduced early-phase insulin response are involved in the development of new-onset diabetes after DP. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted at the National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center in Osaka, Japan, aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of beta-blockers and exercise restriction in preventing sudden cardiac death (SCD) in pediatric patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). The study analyzed the medical records of patients under 18 years old diagnosed with HCM between 1996 and 2021. The results showed that beta-blockers and exercise restriction were associated with a higher overall survival rate and a lower risk of SCD in this population. The study suggests that these interventions should be considered for SCD prevention in pediatric patients with HCM. [Extracted from the article]

A recent report from the Graduate School of Medicine in Osaka, Japan discusses gastric adenocarcinoma and proximal polyposis of the stomach (GAPPS), a hereditary gastric polyposis syndrome associated with an increased risk of gastric adenocarcinoma. The report focuses on two unrelated families with GAPPS who had the same point mutation site. The families underwent different treatments, including total gastrectomy and regular esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) with biopsy. The researchers suggest that obtaining a detailed family history and performing germline mutational analysis is important when gastric polyposis is detected. The report contributes to the understanding of GAPPS and may help determine appropriate clinical guidelines. [Extracted from the article]