Search

Feeding difficulties are prevalent among individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Nevertheless, the knowledge about the association between feeding-related early signs and child development remains limited. This review aimed to describe the signs and symptoms related to feeding during child development and to explore their relevance to the diagnosis of ASD. Specialists in nutrition and/or ASD conducted a search of MEDLINE, PsycINFO, and Web of Science databases. Although studies in typically developing children demonstrate age-related variations in hunger and satiety cues, the literature about early feeding indicators in ASD is scarce. Challenges such as shortened breastfeeding duration, difficulties in introducing solid foods, and atypical mealtime behaviors are frequently observed in children with ASD. The eating difficulties experienced during childhood raise concerns for caregivers who base their feeding practices on their perceptions of food acceptance or refusal. Considering the observed associations between feeding difficulties and ASD, the importance of recognizing feeding-related signs according to developmental milestones is emphasized to alert medical professionals that deviation in the formation of feeding habits and skills could indicate the need for ASD diagnostic investigation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is a hot research topic in the mechanism of pathological cardiac remodeling and plays an important role in the development of cardiovascular diseases. OBJECTIVE: To summarize the possible mechanism by which m6A modification in non-coding RNAs regulates the main processes of pathological cardiac remodeling, such as pathological cardiac hypertrophy, cardiomyocyte death, myocardial fibrosis and vascular remodeling. METHODS: “m6A, non-coding RNA, pathological cardiac hypertrophy, cardiomyocyte apoptosis, cardiomyocyte pyroptosis, cardiomyocyte ferroptosis, myocardial fibrosis, vascular remodeling” were used as search terms in Chinese and English. Relevant literature from CNKI, PubMed and Web of Science databases published from January 1974 to April 2023 was retrieved, and finally 86 eligible articles were reviewed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: m6A modification is a highly dynamic and reversible modification. Pathological cardiac remodeling mainly involves pathological cardiac hypertrophy, cardiomyocyte apoptosis, cardiomyocyte pyroptosis, cardiomyocyte ferroptosis, myocardial fibrosis and vascular remodeling. m6A-related enzymes can regulate pathological cardiac remodeling processes through various non-coding RNAs and different signaling pathways, which can be used as a new potential intervention for cardiovascular diseases. In pathological cardiac remodeling, research on the regulatory relationship between m6A modification and non-coding RNAs is still in its infancy. With the development of epigenetics, m6A modification in non-coding RNAs is expected to have a new development in the regulation of pathological cardiac remodeling. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to investigate LEED, BREEAM, Green Star, and CASBEE certification systems and assess their integration potential with BIM as facilitator to test different project alternatives in order to help achieve certification system requirements. A literature review was conducted, in which 299 articles were retrieved from the Scopus and Web of Science databases and refined using the Bibliometrix tool, resulting in a total of 271 published articles. Of these, 15 used tools to facilitate BIM-LEED integration and were therefore selected for analysis. The results indicate that integrating BIM and green building rating systems can make the process more agile and standardized. However, more research in this field is needed, especially investigating the suitability of BIM authoring tools other than Revit, and evaluating the efficiency of commercial tools and those developed in scientific research to assist in the certification process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to verify the association between the genetic variants of adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-binding cassette subfamily B member 1 (ABCB1) and ATP-binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (ABCG2) genes and the presence and severity of gefitinib-associated adverse reactions. We systematically searched PubMed, Virtual Health Library/Bireme, Scopus, Embase, and Web of Science databases for relevant studies published up to February 2024. In total, five studies were included in the review. Additionally, eight genetic variants related to ABCB1 (rs1045642, rs1128503, rs2032582, and rs1025836) and ABCG2 (rs2231142, rs2231137, rs2622604, and 15622C>T) genes were analyzed. Meta-analysis showed a significant association between the ABCB1 gene rs1045642 TT genotype and presence of diarrhea (OR = 5.41, 95% CI: 1.38–21.14, I2 = 0%), the ABCB1 gene rs1128503 TT genotype and CT + TT group and the presence of skin rash (OR = 4.37, 95% CI: 1.51–12.61, I2 = 0% and OR = 6.99, 95%CI: 1.61–30.30, I2= 0%, respectively), and the ABCG2 gene rs2231142 CC genotype and presence of diarrhea (OR = 3.87, 95% CI: 1.53–9.84, I2 = 39%). No ABCB1 or ABCG2 genes were positively associated with the severity of adverse reactions associated with gefitinib. In conclusion, this study showed that ABCB1 and ABCG2 variants are likely to exhibit clinical implications in predicting the presence of adverse reactions to gefitinib. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: In the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic, remote working (RW) has emerged as a viable alternative to working employees in general and knowledge workers in particular. However, previous researchers have worked on the concept, development and facilitation of RW since the 1970s. Therefore, this study aims to review the existing literature on RW to ascertain the evolution of the concept in the business and management domain and provide for requisite arguments to extend the settings for future research agendas. Design/methodology/approach: The authors based this study on a bibliometric analysis of articles (n = 349) retrieved from the Web of Science database published between January 1990 and October 2021. The authors have used a bibliometric toolbox comprising performance analysis, science mapping and network analysis in various software namely, VOSviewer, Gephi and Biblioshiny package in R. Findings: The study's results accentuated important themes like work–life balance, strengthening digital infrastructure, performance and productivity, hybrid work models and well-being and clustered them under four heads with proposed future research questions. Research limitations/implications: The study is based on a single database; the authors have used an extensive but not exhaustive list of keywords to retrieve the articles. The analysis employs certain threshold limits while using the science mapping technique. Practical implications: This study would enable managers and academics to comprehensively understand remote work and offer logical implications to appreciate its nuances. Originality/value: This study is unique as it recognizes the intellectual structure in the existing literature on RW and traces the advancements and exponential growth post-COVID-19. The authors recapitulated the literature as network analysis of the RW facilitation model comprising the antecedents, outcomes, mediators and moderators. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Investment and financing decisions are especially important in a family firm context, as family and business dynamics interact to produce unique behaviors that may affect these decisions. However, research on how the family nature of these firms shapes their investment and financing preferences is still lacking. To help fill this gap, this study aims to provide a robust picture of the literature to identify key questions that can help guide future research. Using a systematic approach based on bibliometrics and network analysis of 891 papers published in the Web of Science database between 1992 and 2023, we show the evolution of research in terms of publications and identify the most active and influential articles, authors, and journals. Using bibliographic coupling analysis, the paper reveals the thematic structure and trends of the research. This study provides valuable insights into the future by identifying knowledge gaps and offering guidance to both researchers and practitioners seeking to understand the specific needs and challenges faced by family firms in their investment and financing endeavors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Since its release at the end of 2022, the social response to ChatGPT, a large language model (LLM), has been huge, as it has revolutionized the way we communicate with computers. This review was performed to describe the technical background of LLMs and to provide a review of the current literature on LLMs in the field of oral and maxillofacial surgery (OMS). The PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases were searched for LLMs and OMS. Adjacent surgical disciplines were included to cover the entire literature, and records from Google Scholar and medRxiv were added. Out of the 57 records identified, 37 were included; 31 (84%) were related to GPT-3.5, four (11%) to GPT-4, and two (5%) to both. Current research on LLMs is mainly limited to research and scientific writing, patient information/communication, and medical education. Classic OMS diseases are underrepresented. The current literature related to LLMs in OMS has a limited evidence level. There is a need to investigate the use of LLMs scientifically and systematically in the core areas of OMS. Although LLMs are likely to add value outside the operating room, the use of LLMs raises ethical and medical regulatory issues that must first be addressed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The multifactorial aetiology of scoliosis is well known. Physical activity is considered both a treatment and causative factor for idiopathic scoliosis; however, evidence for a causal relationship between physical activity levels and idiopathic scoliosis in adolescents is conflicting. Therefore, we aimed to summarise the current evidence regarding the association between adolescent idiopathic scoliosis and physical activity and further to assess whether the relationship is dose dependent. Methods: PubMed, Cochrane, Scopus, and Web of Science databases were searched from 1991 to July 2022 using the following main keywords: adolescent idiopathic scoliosis, physical activity, and risk factors, supplemented with manual searches, secondary citations, and reference searches. The quality of the included literature was evaluated using the Scale for Reporting Observational Studies in Enhanced Epidemiology guidelines. Results: Eight studies were included in this review, of which six reported an association between adolescent idiopathic scoliosis and physical activity levels and two reported no association. One British study reported reduced physical function early in life as a new risk factor for scoliosis onset. Conclusions: Physical activity is strongly associated with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. Physical activity should be encouraged as it plays an important role in the prevention of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. Further research is needed to determine the dose-dependent relationship between physical activity and prevention of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: Recent evidence suggests that autophagy, as a cell self-protection mechanism, plays an important role in regulating osteoblast function and maintaining osteoblast homeostasis. It has an important influence on the treatment and prognosis of periprosthetic osteolysis. OBJECTIVE: To provide new therapeutic ideas and potential therapeutic targets for periprosthetic osteolysis by summarizing previous studies on the autophagy mechanism of osteoblasts. METHODS: The first author used the computer to search the articles published from 2015 to 2022. In Chinese, the search terms “wear particles, periprosthetic osteolysis, osteoblasts, signal pathways, autophagy” were used to search the databases of CNKI, WanFang, and VIP. In English, the PubMed and Web of Science databases were retrieved with “wear debris, wear particles, peri*prosthetic osteolysis, PPOL, aseptic loosening, osteoblast, OB, signal path, autophagy”. A total of 98 articles were included according to the inclusion criteria. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: In periprosthetic osteolysis, the changes in the autophagy ability of osteoblasts induced by wear particles play a key role in the development and outcome of the disease. A variety of signaling pathways jointly mediate autophagy in osteoblasts, among which the key pathways include AMPK/ULK1/mTOR, nuclear factor-κB, Pink1/Parkin, etc. AMPK, mTOR, and ULK1 can regulate each other and jointly maintain the stability of the autophagy level. There is a complex crosstalk between the nuclear factor-κB pathway and autophagy. PINK1 and Parkin are accumulated on the surface of the damaged mitochondrial membrane, inducing autophagy. There is crosstalk among multiple signaling pathways, which form a complex autophagy network under their mutual influence. Moreover, the activation of the same autophagy pathway in different cells may bring about completely opposite effects. Moderate autophagy induced by wear particles can reduce the apoptosis of osteoblasts, enhance their differentiation and mineralization ability, and improve the prognosis of osteolysis around the prosthesis. On the contrary, insufficient or excessive activation of autophagy will cause damage to osteoblasts and promote the progress of osteolysis. Therefore, targeting the level of autophagy of osteoblasts induced by wear particles through drugs or genes may be one of the directions for the treatment of periprosthetic osteolysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Surgery involving implantable devices is widely used to solve several health issues. National registries are essential tools for implantable device surveillance and vigilance. In 2017, the European Union encouraged Member States to establish "registries and databanks for specific types of devices" to evaluate device safety and performance and ensure their traceability. Spine-implantable devices significantly impact patient safety and public health; spine registries might help improve surgical outcomes. This study aimed to map existing national spine surgery registries and highlight their features and organisational standards to provide an essential reference for establishing other national registries. Methods: A scoping search was performed using the Embase, PubMed/Medline, Scopus, and Web of Science databases for the terms "registry", "register", "implantable", and all terms and synonyms related to spinal diseases and national registries in publications from January 2000 to December 2020. This search was later updated and finalised through a web search and an ad hoc survey to collect further detailed information. Results: Sixty-two peer-reviewed articles were included, which were related to seven national spine registries, six of which were currently active. Three additional active national registries were found through the web search. The nine selected national registries were set up between 1998 and 2021. They collect data on the procedure and use patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) for the follow-up. Conclusion: Our study identified nine currently active national spine surgery registries. However, globally accepted standards for developing a national registry of spine surgery are yet to be established. Therefore, an international effort to increase result comparability across registries is highly advisable. We hope the recent initiative from the Orthopaedic Data Evaluation Panel (ODEP) to establish an international collaboration will meet these needs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This manuscript reflects on the affordances and limitations of methodological approaches commonly adopted by science education researchers examining learner identities. Our aims are to unpack the relative strengths and weaknesses of such approaches and note their respective prevalence. In so doing, we identify and critique studies which we consider exemplify the different approaches and, in turn, note the direction of fruitful developments and the nature of key challenges. From our review of the field, we suggest that three discrete methodological approaches can be identified: macro-studies within a psychological tradition; macro-studies within a sociological tradition; and micro-studies within an interpretive tradition. Our review comprised a critical analysis of papers included in the Web of Science databases published between 1998 and 2018. A total of 198 papers examining aspects of learner identity relating to science were identified. Of these, the majority (146) were categorised as micro-studies within an interpretive tradition. We discuss the implications of methodological choices for the advancement of understanding and further note ambiguities in the field particularly in relation to the ways in which learner identity research is conceived. We also raise questions for the field relating to the ways in which findings may be scaled, and how the field might develop to allow stronger theoretical and conceptual coherence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Millions of people in the world live in food insecurity, so identifying a tuber with characteristics capable of meeting the demand for food and also identifying active compounds that can be used to minimize harm to human health is of great value. The aim was to carry out a review based on systematic review tools and the main objective was to seek information on botanical, food, pharmacological, and phytochemical aspects of Casimirella sp. and propose possible applications. This review showed papers that addressed botanical, food, pharmacological, and phytochemical aspects of the Mairá-potato and presented suggestions for using this tuber allied to the information described in the works found in the Google Academic, Scielo, Science Direct, Scopus, PubMed, and Web of Science databases. This review synthesized knowledge about the Mairá-potato that can contribute to the direction of further research on the suggested technological applications, both on the use of this tuber as a polymeric material and its use as biomaterial, encapsulation, bioactive use, and 3D printing, because this work collected information about this non-conventional food plant (PANC) that shows great potential for use in various areas of study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Within human behavior, emotional intelligence has a fundamental role in the decisions we make. This systematic review aims to carry out an analysis of the state of the question about emotional intelligence in university students. Method: With this objective, a search was carried out in the Web of Science database for the descriptors "emotional intelligence" and "university students", using the field "Topic", and establishing the time period in the last five years. The search rendered a total of 719 results. After refining and applying the categories and inclusion criteria, a total of 24 articles were selected. Results: The scientific production in this field shows an upward trend, thus revealing a clear research interest in this topic. In this sense, Spain stands out as the country with the biggest number of articles targeting the university population. On the other hand, most of the studies on this subject have descriptive and cross-sectional designs. Discussion: Regarding the state of the question, emotional intelligence is a fundamental psychological variable in students' choices and is related to academic performance, psychological well-being, motivation, stress, anxiety and student resilience. Also, high levels of emotional intelligence are related with better academic performance, more well-being, high motivation and high resilience, and reduced levels of stress and anxiety. Therefore, this review highlights the importance of working on students' emotional competence as a way to improve their educational, psychosocial and professional profile. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Spanish Journal of Comparative Education / Revista Española de Educación Comparada is the property of Editorial UNED and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

BACKGROUND: The Hippo-YAP signaling pathway is a signaling cascade that is highly conserved across species and has attracted widespread attention in the study of physiological cardiac hypertrophy. Studies have found that many pathways such as mechanical force, autophagy, and energy metabolism are involved in the regulation of exercise-induced cardiac hypertrophy. These pathways may interact with the Hippo-YAP signaling pathway after exercise, thereby affecting the formation and development of exercise-induced cardiac hypertrophy. OBJECTIVE: To summarize the effects of exercise on Hippo-YAP signaling pathway, and describe the potential mechanism of Hippo-YAP signaling pathway in regulating exercise-induced cardiac hypertrophy. METHODS: “Hippo-YAP signaling pathway, YAP/TAZ, exercise-induced cardiac hypertrophy, heart, exercise” were used as keywords in Chinese and English. Relevant literatures included in CNKI, PubMed, and Web of Science databases from 1983 to 2022 were retrieved, and 70 articles that met the screening criteria were reviewed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Hippo-YAP signaling pathway is affected by exercise and has a certain regulatory role in exercise-induced physiological cardiac hypertrophy. (1) Hippo-YAP signaling pathway induces mechanical stimulation triggered by exercise, which leads to changes in the activity and expression of YAP/TAZ, and mediates the response of cardiomyocytes to mechanical signals. (2) Hippo-YAP signaling pathway regulates autophagy in cardiomyocytes and maintains the homeostasis, normal structures and physiological functions of cardiomyocytes during exercise. (3) Hippo-YAP signaling pathway may mediate the oxidation and glycolysis of energy substances during exercise-induced cardiac hypertrophy, and may also be affected by energy changes during exercise. (4) Hippo-YAP signaling pathway may strengthen the connection with some non-coding RNAs related to physiological cardiac hypertrophy under the action of exercise, and multiple non-coding RNAs may jointly regulate Hippo-YAP signaling. (5) Hippo-YAP signaling pathway interacts with the classic pathways of exercise-induced cardiac hypertrophy. Exercise promotes the signaling interaction between them and participates in the regulation of exercise-induced cardiac hypertrophy. (6) To deeply study the regulatory role of Hippo-YAP signaling pathway in exercise-induced cardiac hypertrophy will help deepen the understanding of exercise-promoting heart health, and provide new ideas and strategies for the clinical prevention and treatment of cardiac diseases and myocardial tissue construction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Issue addressed: This study systematically reviewed Australian literature to determine if an association exists between geospatial exposure to food outlets and diet, health or weight status. Recommendations for future research are provided. Methods: A systematic literature search was conducted in December 2021 using CINAHL Plus, PubMed and Web of Science databases. Data were extracted, as per the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses guidelines. Study quality was assessed using an eight‐item checklist. A descriptive synthesis of study characteristics and findings was carried out, stratified via study outcomes. Results: Of the 36 included articles, the majority were from Victoria (n = 19), involving adult participants (n = 30) and cross‐sectional in design (n = 27). Overall, associations were mainly null (nonsignificant) for diet (80%), weight status (75%) and health outcomes (90%). Significant findings were mixed with no positive trend with study quality. Conclusions: Six recommendations are suggested to address current knowledge gaps and limitations in the Australian evidence base: (1) Conduct research on different populations; (2) Employ robust study designs that can test the impact of change over time; (3) Improve the accuracy of food outlet data sources; (4) Improve food outlet geospatial exposure measures; (5) Improve measurement of outcome variables; and (6) Incorporate theoretical models into study design and data analysis. So what?: Improving the quality and consistency of research will be critical to informing locally relevant policy. Despite the present limitations in the evidence base, it is reasonable to assume that decisions to purchase and consume food are driven by availability and access. Thus, policy and planning aimed at improving the overall "healthiness" of the community food environment by increasing access to healthy food outlets is warranted to ensure that healthy options are easier choice for all. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Inherited system features and challenges that can hinder urban planning initiatives must be taken into consideration before a path towards a sustainable future can be established. By putting the lock-in effect under scrutiny, it is possible to gain valuable insight to emphasize positive lock-ins and to prevent maladaptation and unsustainable solutions. This paper aims to review the current trends of urban studies regarding sustainability, resilience, and the lock-in effect, focusing on both hot topics and mutual integration by following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR protocol) and analyzing the top-cited articles on these topics from 2015 to 2021 in the Web of Science database. Based on the revised literature, the potential lock-ins of climate-friendly and sustainable urban development are not adequately discussed. Moreover, while urban sustainability and resilience are often treated as overlapping areas, there is a lack of publications that carefully examine their interlinked long-term perspectives for any hindering effects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Individually, Nigella sativa (NS) and physical training interventions have been shown to be effective preventive and therapeutic strategies for diabetes mellitus. However, the effect of these in combination on bioindicators of diabetes has not yet been evaluated; there is little information available in the literature. A systematic review was therefore performed to assess any mutually potentiating impacts of NS and physical training interventions in diabetic subjects. A search was performed on this topic in the PubMed, CINAHL, Google Scholar and Web of Science databases for randomised, quasi-randomised or non-randomised controlled trials, studies with factorial or single-cohort pre-post designs, case series as well as case reports. The search terms encompassed various combinations of the following: "exercise", "training", "physical activity", "NS", "treadmill", "swimming", "Thymoquinone", "Nigellone", "caraway oil" and "black seeds". Two reviewers screened the abstracts of 202 identified publications according to predetermined inclusion criteria—i.e. papers published from 2009 onwards in the English language, studies on human or animal subjects, and the assessment of diabetic bioindicators following the combined administration of NS and exercise regimens in comparison with just one of these interventions or against controls. Despite the rich data available regarding the effect of both interventions separately, two human studies and two animal studies were ultimately included in the review. However, the benefit of combined administration of NS and exercise regimens on glycemic and lipidemic control was much more obvious compared to exercise alone. In conclusion, these findings suggested that combined administration of NS and exercise regimens could be used as an effective adjuvant for oral antidiabetic drugs in diabetes control. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Digital twin (DT) has gained significant recognition among researchers due to its potential across industries. With the prime goal of solving numerous challenges confronting the construction industry (CI), DT in recent years has witnessed several applications in the CI. Hence, researchers have been advocating for DT adoption to tackle the challenges of the CI. Notwithstanding, a distinguishable set of barriers that oppose the adoption of DT in the CI has not been determined. Therefore, this paper identifies the barriers and incorporates them into a classified framework to enhance the roadmap for adopting DT in the CI. This research conducts an extensive review of the literature and analyses the barriers whilst integrating the science mapping technique. Using Scopus, ScienceDirect, and Web of Science databases, 154 related bibliographic records were identified and analysed using science mapping, while 40 carefully selected relevant publications were systematically reviewed. From the review, the top five barriers identified include low level of knowledge, low level of technology acceptance, lack of clear DT value propositions, project complexities, and static nature of building data. The results show that the UK, China, the USA, and Germany are the countries spearheading the DT adoption in the CI, while only a small number of institutions from Australia, the UK, Algeria, and Greece have established institutional collaborations for DT research. A conceptual framework was developed on the basis of 30 identified barriers to support the DT adoption roadmap. The main categories of the framework comprise stakeholder-oriented, industry-related, construction-enterprise-related, and technology-related barriers. The identified barriers and the framework will guide and broaden the knowledge of DT, which is critical for successful adoption in the construction industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: Telomeres form special structures at the end of chromosomes in human cells, which have special functions and show a very close relationship with biological aging. Exercise can improve the activity of telomerases and protect the structure of telomeres, thus affecting human health. Shorter telomeres increase the incidence of diseases and decrease the survival rate. Therefore, telomeres are often considered as biological markers of cell aging and the “biological clock” that triggers aging. OBJECTIVE: Based on the relationship between telomeres and aging, to summarize and analyze the effect of exercise on telomeres and telomerases and to explore the mechanism of telomerase retardation by exercise, so as to provide theoretical basis and reference for anti-aging and health promotion by exercises. METHODS: We searched for relevant articles in CNKI, PubMed and Web of Science databases using the keywords of “telomeres, telomerase, exercise, senescence” in Chinese and English, and conducted preliminary screening of titles and abstracts according to inclusion criteria. After reading the full text, a total of 89 documents were included for further analysis. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Different exercises have different effects on telomeres. Exercise is positively correlated with telomere length, uncorrelated with telomere length, and has inverted U-shaped relationship with telemeter length. Exercise and telomerase activity are age-deviated. Suitable exercises can slow down the speed of telomere shortening, prevent the excessive consumption of telomeres, delay or prevent the occurrence of age-related diseases, and prolong life, but the mechanism has not been fully clarified. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Currently, the interaction between proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) and their effects on hemodialysis (HD) patients has not been clarified. Objectives: Here, we aimed to explore the association between PPIs and adverse outcomes in HD patients. Methods: A search was performed on the PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science databases for relevant articles published up to April 10, 2022. Studies examining the association (odds ratio [OR]) between PPIs and side effects were identified. The study followed guidelines prescribed in the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA), and was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42021291177). Results: A total of 12 studies comprising 4,227,497 HD patients with PPIs were identified. Results showed that PPI use was associated with an increased risk of bone fracture and hip fracture in the HD patients (pooled OR = 1.29, 95% CI = 1.21–1.37, p < 0.00001, I2 = 0%; pooled OR = 1.37, 95% CI = 1.12–1.67, p = 0.002, I2 = 82%). Besides, HD patients who received PPIs were more likely to develop hypomagnesemia compared with those who did not receive PPIs (pooled OR = 2.79, 95% CI = 1.95–4.00, p < 0.00001, I2 = 0%). In addition, PPIs use was linked to abdominal aortic calcification and all-cause mortality (pooled OR = 2.03, 95% CI = 1.28–3.24, p = 0.003, I2 = 0%) (pooled OR = 1.44, 95% CI = 1.17–1.78, p = 0.0006, I2 = 0%). Conclusions: Taken together, the present results demonstrate that PPIs use in HD patients is independently associated with adverse reactions such as hip fracture, hypomagnesemia, abdominal aortic calcification, and all-cause mortality. Thus, the use of PPIs in HD patients should be carefully evaluated and optimized. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Retos: Nuevas Perspectivas de Educación Física, Deporte y Recreación is the property of Federacion Espanola de Asociaciones de Docentes de Educacion Fisica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Purpose: The control of epistaxis has always posed a significant challenge for otolaryngologists. One of the most viable options to address refractory cases is the ligation or cauterization of the sphenopalatine artery. The objective of this study was to assess the efficacy, safety, and long-term outcomes of these interventions.Two independent otolaryngologists conducted a comprehensive search for studies dealing with management of uncontrolled/recurrent epistaxis by consulting the main scientific databases on the web, including PubMed, Google Scholar, Medline, EMBASE, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library. The systematic review was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) statement. The criteria for considering studies for the review were based on the population, intervention, comparison, outcome, timing and setting (PICOTS) framework.Sixteen studies were included in the systematic review, comprising a total of 454 patients. Among these, 289 individuals underwent ligation of the sphenopalatine artery, while 100 underwent cauterization of the same artery. Additionally, 56 patients underwent both ligation and cauterization of the sphenopalatine artery during the same surgery. The incidence of rebleeding and complications was respectively 12.1% (55/454) and 3% (14/454), resulting in relatively low rates in both cases.Our review emphasizes the increasing importance of surgical approaches, specifically ligation or cauterization of the sphenopalatine artery, in addressing refractory cases. The low incidence of complications, predominantly temporary decreased lacrimation in patients undergoing ligation of the sphenopalatine artery, highlights the safety and feasibility of these interventions.Materials and methods: The control of epistaxis has always posed a significant challenge for otolaryngologists. One of the most viable options to address refractory cases is the ligation or cauterization of the sphenopalatine artery. The objective of this study was to assess the efficacy, safety, and long-term outcomes of these interventions.Two independent otolaryngologists conducted a comprehensive search for studies dealing with management of uncontrolled/recurrent epistaxis by consulting the main scientific databases on the web, including PubMed, Google Scholar, Medline, EMBASE, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library. The systematic review was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) statement. The criteria for considering studies for the review were based on the population, intervention, comparison, outcome, timing and setting (PICOTS) framework.Sixteen studies were included in the systematic review, comprising a total of 454 patients. Among these, 289 individuals underwent ligation of the sphenopalatine artery, while 100 underwent cauterization of the same artery. Additionally, 56 patients underwent both ligation and cauterization of the sphenopalatine artery during the same surgery. The incidence of rebleeding and complications was respectively 12.1% (55/454) and 3% (14/454), resulting in relatively low rates in both cases.Our review emphasizes the increasing importance of surgical approaches, specifically ligation or cauterization of the sphenopalatine artery, in addressing refractory cases. The low incidence of complications, predominantly temporary decreased lacrimation in patients undergoing ligation of the sphenopalatine artery, highlights the safety and feasibility of these interventions.Results: The control of epistaxis has always posed a significant challenge for otolaryngologists. One of the most viable options to address refractory cases is the ligation or cauterization of the sphenopalatine artery. The objective of this study was to assess the efficacy, safety, and long-term outcomes of these interventions.Two independent otolaryngologists conducted a comprehensive search for studies dealing with management of uncontrolled/recurrent epistaxis by consulting the main scientific databases on the web, including PubMed, Google Scholar, Medline, EMBASE, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library. The systematic review was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) statement. The criteria for considering studies for the review were based on the population, intervention, comparison, outcome, timing and setting (PICOTS) framework.Sixteen studies were included in the systematic review, comprising a total of 454 patients. Among these, 289 individuals underwent ligation of the sphenopalatine artery, while 100 underwent cauterization of the same artery. Additionally, 56 patients underwent both ligation and cauterization of the sphenopalatine artery during the same surgery. The incidence of rebleeding and complications was respectively 12.1% (55/454) and 3% (14/454), resulting in relatively low rates in both cases.Our review emphasizes the increasing importance of surgical approaches, specifically ligation or cauterization of the sphenopalatine artery, in addressing refractory cases. The low incidence of complications, predominantly temporary decreased lacrimation in patients undergoing ligation of the sphenopalatine artery, highlights the safety and feasibility of these interventions.Conclusions: The control of epistaxis has always posed a significant challenge for otolaryngologists. One of the most viable options to address refractory cases is the ligation or cauterization of the sphenopalatine artery. The objective of this study was to assess the efficacy, safety, and long-term outcomes of these interventions.Two independent otolaryngologists conducted a comprehensive search for studies dealing with management of uncontrolled/recurrent epistaxis by consulting the main scientific databases on the web, including PubMed, Google Scholar, Medline, EMBASE, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library. The systematic review was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) statement. The criteria for considering studies for the review were based on the population, intervention, comparison, outcome, timing and setting (PICOTS) framework.Sixteen studies were included in the systematic review, comprising a total of 454 patients. Among these, 289 individuals underwent ligation of the sphenopalatine artery, while 100 underwent cauterization of the same artery. Additionally, 56 patients underwent both ligation and cauterization of the sphenopalatine artery during the same surgery. The incidence of rebleeding and complications was respectively 12.1% (55/454) and 3% (14/454), resulting in relatively low rates in both cases.Our review emphasizes the increasing importance of surgical approaches, specifically ligation or cauterization of the sphenopalatine artery, in addressing refractory cases. The low incidence of complications, predominantly temporary decreased lacrimation in patients undergoing ligation of the sphenopalatine artery, highlights the safety and feasibility of these interventions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The term mastocytosis refers to a heterogeneous group of disorders characterised by accumulation of clonal mast cells in different organs, most commonly in the skin. Little is known about the role of dermoscopy in the diagnostics of mastocytosis. To date, no systematic review on the dermoscopic features of cutaneous mastocytosis has been performed. The aim of this study was to summarise the current knowledge in the field as well as to identify the knowledge gaps to show possible directions for further studies, based on a systematic search of PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases and related references published before 3 January 2022. Dermoscopic features, type of dermoscope, polarisation mode, magnification, and number of cases were analysed. In total, 16 articles were included in this review (3 case series and 13 case reports), analysing 148 patients with different variants of cutaneous mastocytosis; all of the studies analysed had a low level of evidence (V). The main dermoscopic features of urticaria pigmentosa included brown structureless areas, brown lines arranged in a network, and linear vessels distributed in a reticular pattern, with this last finding also being typical of telangiectasia macularis eruptiva perstans. The presence of either circumscribed yellow structureless areas or diffuse yellowish background was a constant pattern of mastocytoma, while nodular, pseudoangiomatous xanthelasmoid, and plaque-type mastocytosis were typified by light-brown structureless areas and/or pigment network, though the first two variants also showed yellow/yellow-orange structureless areas. Finally, pigmented streaks of radial distribution surrounding hair follicles were described to be a pathognomonic dermoscopic feature of pseudoxanthomatous mastocytosis. Although this review shows that the various clinical forms of cutaneous mastocytosis may feature diagnostic dermoscopic clues, it also underlines the need for further investigation as several relevant data are missing, including evaluation of dermoscopic pattern according to anatomical locations or "lesion age", studies on rare mastocytosis variants, evaluation of the prognostic role of dermoscopy in the context of systemic involvement, and comparative analyses with common clinical mimickers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: Understanding the psychological mechanisms that moderate oral hygiene self‐care behavior is anticipated to benefit efforts to change such behavior. Top‐down self‐regulatory (TSR) processes represent one group of relatively unexplored, yet potentially influential, moderating factors. This systematic scoping review aims to explore whether there is evidence that TSR processes moderate oral hygiene self‐care engagement within the current literature. Methods: CINAHL, The Cochrane Library, Embase, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Scopus, and Web of Science databases were searched up to April 2020 for articles that compared measures of TSR processes (such as self‐monitoring, inhibitory control, and task switching) to oral hygiene self‐care behavior, or tested interventions that aimed to change or support TSR processes. Results: The search returned 6626 articles, with 25 included in the final sample. Weak evidence supported both the role of TSR processes as moderators of interdental cleaning and the value of interventions targeting self‐monitoring of interdental cleaning behavior. Overall, methodological limitations rendered the findings somewhat inconclusive, with an absence of objective assessments of TSR capacity, and little focus on TSR processes as moderators of intervention effects. Conclusions: The inconclusive, but reasonably promising, findings point to the value of continuing to apply TSR processes within studies of oral hygiene behavior. Exploring why interdental cleaning appears more reliant on TSR processes than toothbrushing, employing objective neuropsychological assessment, and measuring TSR constructs within interventions targeting TSR processes, are encouraged. As a scoping review, the study hopes to generate interest and serve as a starting point for further investigation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and aim: A wide range of studies indicates that men and women with Problem (PrG) and Pathological Gambling (PG) differ in several clinical and sociodemographic characteristics. However, evidence for sex differences, such as the telescoping effect, is contradictory, and it is still unclear whether sex differences observed in offline gambling can also be found for online gambling. Furthermore, reviews have so far focused on binary sex differences but neglect gender aspects. In this study, an updated literature survey of sex- and gender-related differences in PrG and PG was conducted. Methods: We searched PsyInfo, Medline/Pubmed, and the Web of Science databases from 2005 to 2020 for studies investigating sex and gender differences in gambling. A total of 126 papers were included in the literature survey. Results: We are presenting our findings according to the categories ‘prevalence’ (offline, online, LGBTQIp), ‘sociodemographic factors’, ‘preferred gambling type’, ‘gambling motives’, ‘severity’, ‘progression of gambling problems’, ‘use of professional help/motivation for treatment’, ‘comorbidity’, ‘trauma’, ‘violence and criminality/delinquency’. The studies indicate that, despite some robust sex differences (e.g., concerning prevalence rates), results for most areas were mixed or suggest no sex differences (e.g., violence, gambling motives). Discussion and conclusion: To date, there is a lack of studies assessing gender, and not only sex, warranting further research in this area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Colossal growth of construction waste (CW) generation worldwide, and its consequential environmental and economic impact, has ensured that construction waste minimization (CWM) practice is critical. Notably, the largest proportion of waste generation that can be actively reduced within the sector lies within the construction/on-site activities stage. As such, a number of waste minimization approaches have been utilized during construction, targeted to reduce/eliminate waste with the aim to support a more sustainable construction agenda. This article provides a narrative review of related literature published in leading journals in Scopus, ScienceDirect, and Web of Science databases, to understand the fundamentals of CW and to investigate CWM implementation levels and barriers during the construction stage. This will aid in identifying research gaps for future studies and highlight key findings that will help researchers and construction industry practitioners to understand the principles of, and the need for, CWM, as well as the challenges facing its effective implementation in construction projects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: Angiogenesis is a key component of bone reconstruction. Promoting bone vascularization thereby can accelerate bone repair. There are numerous research methods for promoting angiogenesis, and significant progress has been made in the field of bone defect repair in recent years. OBJECTIVE: To review several cutting-edge methods and developments in promoting angiogenesis and repairing bone defects in recent years, as well as their applications in bone tissue engineering. METHODS: The first author used the Chinese search terms “angiogenesis, osteogenesis, bone defect, tissue engineering, exosomes” and English search terms “angiogenesis, osteogenesis, bone defect, exosomes, vascularization” to find relevant publications in CNKI, WanFang, PubMed, and Web of Science databases. After screening and excluding articles irrelevant to the research purpose and repetitive articles, 69 articles were finally selected for review. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: At present, promising results have been achieved in the bone defect remodeling research. Bone vascularization can be promoted by growth factors, delivery genes, biologically active ions, small molecule active peptides, and Chinese medicine monomers. Each has its own advantages and challenges, and faces different challenges. The synthesis of small molecule active peptides has low cost, high efficiency and safety, with obvious advantages. It has the potential to generate new ideas and methods for vascularization in bone tissue engineering. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: Adipose-derived stem cells have become one of the popular seed cells in regenerative medicine due to abundant content and easy harvest. Adipose-derived stem cell exosomes are served as a bridge and link among adipose-derived stem cells and other cells and have the effects on regulating immune and inflammatory responses, promoting self-repair of damaged cells, and are considered as an alternative treatment for adipose-derived stem cells. OBJECTIVE: To review research progress and challenges in the adipose-derived stem cell exosomes regulating tissue regeneration. METHODS: CNKI, Wanfang database and PubMed, and Web of Science database were searched for related articles with the search terms of “adipose-derived stem cells; adipose stem cells; exosomes” in English and Chinese. After preliminary screening of articles based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, 70 articles with high relevance and reference value were retained for review. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Adipose-derived stem cell exosomes have shown the therapeutic potential in various diseases, such as skin wounds, neurodegenerative diseases, tumors, bone regeneration, kidney diseases, cardiovascular diseases, immune diseases, and fibrotic disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Methods using production of photographs have been explored as alternative instruments of qualitative research and psychological intervention. However, there is still little consensus in their designations and procedures. In this context, this work presents an integrative review aimed at investigating the use of photographic methods in the field of mental health over the last 20 years. The research was conducted on the LILACS, Psycnet, PubMed, SciELO, and Web of Science databases. Forty-nine articles were accepted and 457 rejected. Four methods were identified: Photovoice, PhotoInstrument, Autophotography and Photo elicitation. As potential aspects, the use of photography means exploring and sharing personal experiences, assisting health professionals, and creating empowerment. As challenge aspects, the recent feature of photographic methods used in the field of mental health were highlighted, counting on the prevalence of small and non-generable samples, multiple data analysis methodologies and inappropriate uses of designations regarding the procedures that were performed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: The exosomes are one of important active components of adult stem cells paracrine, providing the basis for stem cell “non-cellular” treatment. Exosomes from stem cells can play different roles in the wound through different mechanisms to promote the healing of diabetic wounds. OBJECTIVE: To summarize the main mechanism and application of stem cell derived exosomes in the treatment of diabetic wounds. METHODS: Computers were used to retrieve English databases such as PubMed database, Web of Science database, FMRS foreign language medical information resource retrieval platform, and Chinese databases such as CNKI and Wanfang Data Knowledge Service Platform. The retrieval scope was from the inception of the database to September 2020. The English and Chinese search terms were “stem cells, exosomes, wound healing, cell proliferation, neovascularization, inflammation, extracellular matrix, therapeutic use”. According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 66 articles were included and the results were analyzed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) It is summarized that stem cell-derived exosomes can promote diabetic wound healing by regulating inflammation, promoting neovascularization, re-epithelialization and remodeling of extracellular matrix. (2) The application of stem cell-derived exosomes in diabetic wounds was listed. (3) The exosomes from stem cells can avoid the immune response of stem cells in the treatment of diabetic wounds, and the genetic material of stem cells carried by them is more widely regulated and more effective than that from ordinary cells in the treatment of diabetic wounds. (4) At present, the application of stem cell derived exosomes in diabetes wounds still has some problems, such as low purity, high cost of separation, low production efficiency, and the way to reach the target area, loss rate and diffusion efficiency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Early identification of the stage of oral cancer development can lead to better treatment outcomes and avoid malignant transformation. Therefore, this review aims to provide a comprehensive overview that describes the development of standardized procedures for oral sample collection, characterization, and molecular risk assessment. This can help investigators to choose the appropriate sampling method and downstream analyses for different purposes. Methods: This systematic review was conducted according to the PRISMA guidelines. Using both PubMed and Web of Science databases, four independent authors conducted a literature search between 15 and 21 June 2021. We used key search terms to broaden the search for studies. Non-conforming articles were removed using an EndNote-based and manual approach. Reviewers used a designed form to extract data. Results: This review included a total of 3574 records, after eliminating duplicate articles and excluding papers that did not meet the inclusion criteria. Finally, 202 articles were included in this review. We summarized the sampling methods, biopsy samples, and downstream analysis. The biopsy techniques were classified into tissue and liquid biopsy. The common sequential analysis of tissue biopsy includes histopathological examination such as H&E or IHC to identify various pathogenic features. Meanwhile, liquid samples such as saliva, blood, and urine are analyzed for the purpose of screening to detect mutations in cancer. Commonly used technologies are PCR, RT-PCR, high-throughput sequencing, and metabolomic analysis. Conclusions: Currently, tissue biopsies provide increased diagnostic value compared to liquid biopsy. However, the minimal invasiveness and convenience of liquid biopsy make it a suitable method for mass screening and eventual clinical adoption. The analysis of samples includes histological and molecular analysis. Metabolite analysis is rising but remains scarce. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ecological vulnerability has become one of the hot issues of ecology and environmental science under global change and sustainable development scenarios. However, no study quantitatively analyzes the global scientific performance and hot research areas in this field by adopting the bibliometric method. Based on 935 pieces of literature retrieved from the Web of Science database, we comprehensively analyzed the research on ecological vulnerability in terms of growth trend, research content, publication journal and country, and co-occurrence network of keywords. The results showed that research on ecological vulnerability had experienced rapid growth since 2000, while ecological vulnerability research at the World Heritage sites was still embryonic. The top two productive countries in ecological vulnerability research were America and China, and the top two productive journals were Ecological Indicators and Regional Environmental Change. Study on ecological vulnerability was mainly classified as empirical evaluation and regional synthesis, whereas theoretical research is rare. Based on the summary of the main progress and achievements in ecological vulnerability research, we proposed five scientific issues that remain to be resolved in the field of ecological vulnerability. Overall, this study could shed light on a comprehensive and systematic understanding of ecological vulnerability and provide directions for future research on ecological vulnerability in a rapidly changing world. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Research on the effects of lying and memory is increasingly attracting empirical attention. In the current manuscript, a scientometric analysis was carried out on the mnemonic consequences of lying. This analysis took into account 70 published articles extracted from Scopus and Web of Science databases from 1998 to 2021. A scientometric analysis was conducted in order to visualize the state of the art on this line of research (i.e., authors, countries, institutions, journals, and co-citations). Additionally, a keywords' cluster analysis was executed to investigate the main keywords used in the published papers. Based on the keywords' cluster analysis, we identified the main aims and critical issues of the reviewed papers. The United States and the Netherlands are the two most productive countries into the effects of lying on memory. The top five authors are mainly from European countries and wrote from 6 to 15 articles. The cluster analysis detected three clusters of keywords. The critical issues of this line of research are mainly related to the generalizability of the achieved findings for real situations, a lack of a direct control of the manipulation adopted, and a need of additional measures. The current analysis provides a comprehensive overview and understanding of existing research on the effects of lying on memory and provides possible future directions of this research domain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: Hyaluronic acid is a natural polysaccharide and a common glycosaminoglycan in human body. It has the highest concentration in eyes and joints. It is made into hydrogels because of its biocompatibility, degradability, and low immunogenicity, and is widely used in tissue engineering. OBJECTIVE: To introduce the characteristics of various hyaluronic acid composite hydrogels and their application in the repair of cartilage damage caused by osteoarthritis. METHODS: CNKI and Wanfang databases were searched with the key words of “hyaluronic acid, hydrogel, cartilage repair, osteoarthritis” in Chinese. PubMed and Web of Science databases were searched with the key words of “hyaluronic acid, hydrogel, cartilage repair, osteoarthritis” in English. The articles published from January 1995 to July 2020 were searched and further analyzed and summarized. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The excellent biological properties of hyaluronic acid hydrogel have made it widely studied in the cartilage repair of osteoarthritis, especially through the combination of biological factors, natural materials, synthetic materials, 3D printing technology, polypeptides, mechanical stimulation, etc., which improved the performance of hyaluronic acid hydrogel and promoted its application in cartilage tissue engineering. Although hyaluronic acid composite hydrogels have been studied more, with the comprehensive development of chemistry, materials, physics, biology and other disciplines in the future, a deeper understanding of the degradation mechanism of hyaluronic acid hydrogels and an exploration of the cartilage damage mechanism in osteoarthritis, the hyaluronic acid composite hydrogel is expected to be designed with high efficiency, no side effects and more suitable for cartilage tissue engineering. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Disasters pose a substantial risk to people's health and well-being on a global scale. Community-based training on the initial response to traffic accidents has a considerable impact on reducing morbidity and mortality. There is no information on the most effective type of community-based training for such incidents or on how to integrate this into disaster response. The goal of this study was to characterize the content of first aid training and its effect on providing assistance during a disaster. The MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Scopus, and Web of Science databases were searched. The terms "basic life support" OR "bleed control" OR "cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR)" OR "first aid" AND "bystander" OR "layperson" OR "public" were used. We chose the general public as our sample. We included only publications that were available in English and published between January 2000 and September 2021 due to time and resource constraints. Four of the included studies were conducted in the United States and one in Indonesia. The sample size ranged from 24 to 465 members of the general public or bystanders. Community members gained increased knowledge and abilities regarding disaster preparedness strategies and procedures. The first aid training content focused on prehospital trauma care, including training on the ABCs, dealing with disasters in the community, calling for help, identifying the location of life-threatening bleeding and applying pressure, and packing a wound and applying a tourniquet for bleeding control. A training program emphasizing both first aid methods and inhibitors of behaviors to help in an emergency was found to be significantly associated with increased rates of assistance during emergency situations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective. To synthesize the findings on correlates of physical activity (PA) and sedentary behavior (SB) in South American children. Method. A search was carried out from June 24 to October 27, 2020, in the LILACS, PubMed, SciELO, Scopus and Web of Science databases. To broaden the search, the references of identified review articles were examined, and a panel of experts was surveyed. Observational and interventional studies conducted with South-American children from zero to 5 years of age were included. Results. Of 3 111 articles initially identified, 18 were eligible: 14 observational studies, 12 studies conducted in Brazil, and 17 studies investigating preschool children (3 to 5 years of age). In addition to Brazil, only Chile and Ecuador were represented. PA and SB were measured by accelerometers in seven studies; however, high variability was observed in the instruments and cut-off points used. Although children were classified as physically active in 12 studies, six studies showed that they spent considerable time in SB. Most studies assessed the individual (14 studies) and interpersonal (11 studies) domains, followed by the environmental (eight studies) and political (one study) domains. Interventions in the school context (four studies) increased PA levels and reduced the time spent in SB. However, the evidence from cross-sectional and interventional studies presented a high risk of bias. Conclusions. Given the knowledge gap identified in this review, studies with robust designs, covering additional South American countries are warranted, focusing on infants and children under 3 years of age and investigating correlates in the environmental and political domains. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This text contributes to the knowledge about the relationship between work design, well-being and mental health. We review the most recent publications concerning the variables studied to offer a synthesis of the main concepts, theoretical models and the empirical evidence that explain the relationship. We searched four databases: Web of Science, Springer, Ebsco and Pro-Quest, in which we identified N = 11,878 articles on Work design (N = 4,332), Job design (N = 4,854) and Job Demands-Resources (N = 2,692). We highlight the models of job characteristics and job-demand resources, to promote the well-being and mental health of workers. We discuss the importance of integrating the variables at a practical level, about the individual, group and organizational units of analysis; as well as the need to take into account the variety of occupations, positions and how their employees interact. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Complutense de Educación is the property of Universidad Complutense de Madrid and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista de Comunicación 'Vivat Academia' is the property of Facultad de Ciencias de las Informacion de la Universidad Complutense (Espana) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

BACKGROUND: Keloid is a benign skin tumor with excessive proliferation of fibroblasts and deposition of collagen after trauma. Vascular occlusion, inflammation, fibroblast proliferation and collagen secretion in keloid tissues all lead to tissue hypoxia, which plays an important role in the pathogenesis and prognosis of keloids. OBJECTIVE: To review the research progress of hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF-1α) in the tumor-like characteristics of keloid. METHODS: CNKI, VIP, WanFang, PubMed, Biosos Preview, and Web of Science databases were searched for relevant articles from their inception to November 2020. The retrieval key words were “keloids, HIF-lα; radioresistance” in Chinese and English, respectively. After reading the title, abstract and full text, 104 articles that met the selection criteria were finally selected. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The hypoxic microenvironment inhibits the degradation of HIF-1α, and increased HIF-1α induces several biological behaviors in keloid tissue similar to malignant tumors, including epithelial-mesenchymal transition, angiogenesis, glycolysis, radioresistance, and recurrence after radiation. These pathophysiological processes in turn exacerbate tissue hypoxia and increase HIF-1αexponentially, thereby forming a vicious circle. Current treatments for keloids mainly focus on surgical resection combined with radiotherapy. HIF-1α targeting therapies, such as hyperbaric oxygen therapy, can significantly improve the hypoxic environment of keloid tissue, promote wound healing, and reverse the tumor-like properties of keloid fibroblasts. However, there are few studies on the treatment of keloids with hyperbaric oxygen therapy combined with radiotherapy, and the clinical treatment of keloids with HIF-1α as the target is still under exploration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: With the improvement of the medical level and people’s higher requirements for the quality of life, the quality and requirements for cartilage repair in the clinic are getting more and more, but traditional repair methods cannot regenerate cartilage with good biological properties. OBJECTIVE: To review the research progress of autologous chondrocyte implantation in recent years, and to analyze its development process, basic science, indications, contraindications, surgical techniques, clinical efficacy and limitations, and look forward to the development trend of this field. METHODS: A computer-based online search of CNKI, PubMed, Web of Science databases, and Google Scholar was performed to retrieve papers published during 1990-2020 with the search terms “autologous chondrocyte implantation, cartilage defect, techniques, clinical effect, indications, contraindications, defect size, treatment after initial failure, return to sports, age, magnetic resonance imaging, limitation” in English and Chinese. The document types include treatise, reviews, case reports, and meta-analysis. A total of over 1 000 papers were retrieved, and 52 of them were included in the final analysis. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Autologous chondrocyte transplantation first appeared for the treatment of knee cartilage defects in the late 1980s. The first generation of autologous chondrocyte transplantation used periosteal patches to seal the cultured chondrocytes in the defect. Due to the proliferation of periosteal grafts, second-generation autologous chondrocyte transplantation used collagen membrane patches instead of periosteal patches. The third generation of autologous chondrocyte transplantation used three-dimensional culture technology to improve cell delivery, allowing minimally invasive implantation, which could regenerate normal cartilage structure with accelerating patient recovery. Autologous chondrocyte transplantation was an effective method to treat high tibia or femoral cartilage defects, but it must solve the problems consisting of coronal force line, ligament laxity, and meniscus injury. Because of the graft needing a long time to mature, patients needed a specific rehabilitation plan to return to the sport, which assisted the injured patients in restoring strength and neuromuscular coordination as much as possible before the graft was fully mature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: With the development of bone tissue engineering, the role of scaffold materials has become more and more important. Polycaprolactone and its composite materials have also increasingly attracted researchers to become one of the research highlights in this field. OBJECTIVE: To introduce the basic properties and synthesis methods of polycaprolactone, to summarize the research status of polycaprolactone and its composite materials in the field of bone tissue engineering, and to prospect the future development and research direction. METHODS: These articles published from 1950 to 2020 in Web of Science database were retrieved by using the search terms “PCL, PCL composites, bone tissue engineering, scaffold, bone, PCL synthesis”, taking “and” as the logical combination relationship. Totally 253 articles were initially obtained, and finally 52 articles were reviewed and analyzed after careful reading and selection. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Pure polycaprolactone materials have certain shortcomings in bone tissue engineering. Due to their easy chemical modification and physical modification, polycaprolactone composite undoubtedly has become one of the candidate materials for bone tissue engineering scaffolds. (2) Due to the excellent solubility and thermal properties of polycaprolactone, it can be applied to a variety of scaffold preparation technologies. The appropriate scaffold preparation technology can be selected according to the application site. A variety of scaffold preparation technologies also broaden the application field of polycaprolactone, and there are also developed some novel technologies, so scaffold preparation technology should also attract the attention researchers. (3) For the modification direction of polycaprolactone, the modification of inorganic substances and natural or synthetic polymers has received extensive attention. (4) In terms of experimental research methods, researchers should pay attention to introducing more kinds of experimental cells and experimental models in accordance with clinical needs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this scoping review is to characterize the current scenario of mobile applications considering accessibility issues for people with cognitive, motor, and sensory disabilities. Nowadays, mobile devices have grown exponentially, giving way to new ways of relating, managing, and working. In this context, mobile devices seek to democratize access to knowledge on different topics; however, the application of accessibility guidelines is neglected. The reviewers extracted the most relevant articles published between 2000 and 2020 from the ACM Digital Library, IEEE Xplore, ScienceDirect, Scopus, and Web of Science databases. In this scoping review, the PRISMA-ScR checklist was used to extract scientific articles; Cohen's kappa coefficient = 0.4117 was applied, which implies moderate concordance of reviewers; 22 primary studies were extracted from a total of 211. The results obtained in this research suggest applying WCAG 2.1 in mobile applications to achieve an adequate level of accessibility. Future work suggests designing review tools that include machine learning based on artificial intelligence algorithms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The family life cycle is a concept that defines the family as a system that changes and develops over time and explains the stages the family goes through in this process of change. The purpose of this research is to evaluate the literature studies on family life cycle. For this purpose, full text resources for the family life cycle between 2000-2020 in DergiPark, EBSCO, Google Academic, YÖK-TEZ, ERIC, PROQUEST and Web of Science databases were discussed. The basis of the study is based on the screening model. The data were analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics 22.0 and the results are presented descriptively as a graph, frequency and percentage. It is seen that mostly qualitative research methods are used in studies. Although the studies are generally conducted with families, it is understood that many different sample groups have been studied. Family life cycle studies are mainly carried out in the field of Family Counseling and Psychology and apart from these two fields studies are carried out in many different fields such as, sociology, health/medicine, social work, family and consumer sciences, economy, tourism, special education, business, psychological counseling, architecture, geography, marketing educational sciences, recreation, human resources, urban management and theology. In the reviewed studies, the family life cycle has been discussed on many different issues, including family counseling approaches, psychology, coping with stress, spouse burnout, resilience and marital satisfaction. As a result of the scanning, a total of 119 studies, including 61 articles, 40 doctoral dissertations, 15 master theses and 3 books, were reached. The obtained studies were evaluated in terms of method, sample, research area, subject titles and publication type sub-dimensions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: The current diagnosis and study of depression lacks objective biological indicators. As an emerging non-invasive brain functional imaging technology, functional near infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) may be a potential biomarker for the identification and diagnosis of depression. OBJECTIVE: To review the application of fNIRS technique in depression research and provide guidance for clinical research. METHODS: The keywords were “functional near-infrared spectroscopy, oxyhemoglobins, prefrontal cortex, depressive disorder.” The first author searched CNKI, WanFang, VIP, PuMed and Web of Science database from 1996 to 2020 in Chinese and English. Finally, 50 literatures were selected for review. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: fNIRS signal may be a potential biomarker for depression. fNIRS technology is mainly used to study the cognitive dysfunction of depression based on the frontal lobe hemodynamic changes, which can be used for the differential diagnosis of depression. However, the current research on fNIRS is still in the exploratory stage, and there are still some defects in the existing research, which need to be further optimized and deepened in the future research. It can increase the study sample size and monitoring indicators, and integrate fNIRS with other technologies to improve the temporal and spatial resolution, so as to study the neural mechanism of depression systematically, comprehensively and accurately [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The purpose of this document is to carry out a critical review of the existing literature by specifically addressing the following: (i) the integration of life cycle assessment and life cycle cost assessment from the perspective of research topics, category and scope of study, authors, institutions, countries, and journals working on or publishing related studies, and (ii) the main aids, challenges, opportunities, methodological difficulties, and current research efforts on the integrated approach of both tools. Methods: A systematic review was conducted to identify studies with an integrated use of life cycle assessment and life cycle cost in several areas. An analysis of the main aspects of the studies identified, such as bibliographic reference, year of publication, institution where the research was conducted, country, area of application, category of study, journal of publication, impact factor, and number of citations was conducted. After a search in the Science Direct, Scopus, and Web of Science databases, 349 documents were identified. After a series of filters (excluding gray literature, reading titles and keywords, reading abstracts, and reading full-texts), which helped ruling out articles that did not contribute to investigating the integration of life cycle assessment and life cycle cost assessment, 90 documents were selected for a detailed analysis. Results and discussion: The leading role of the USA and European countries in this issue should be highlighted. The integration of life cycle assessment and life cycle cost seems to be most advanced in the areas of building design and civil construction. Different strategies for the integration of the methodologies are also found, being mathematical modelling and programming for optimization, and multi-criteria decision-making the most recurrent methods. Moreover, there seems to be more challenges than opportunities in said integration. The challenges include the monetization of environmental impacts, higher volatility of economic data compared to environmental data, and differences in environmental and economic background data. These challenges can be turned into opportunities in the development of more comprehensive methodological approaches. Conclusion: Challenges (e.g., time-, resource- and knowledge-intensive, different scopes) and opportunities (e.g., common system boundaries, benefitting from LCA structure to conduct LCC) for the integration of life cycle assessment and life cycle cost were identified. This combined approach allows projects, products, and services to reduce environmental and economic impacts, which can be quantified and compared through improved assessment of potential trade-offs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: In this scoping review, the concept of patients' motivation and the tools that have been designed to measure this concept in clinical settings are presented. Materials and Methods: Arksey and O'Malley's framework was used in conducting the current scoping review. Google Scholar, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases were searched for relevant English articles published between January 1995 and January 2020 using the keywords motivation and tool, and their synonyms. Out of 2820 articles, 34 articles were chosen and were entered into the final analysis. Definitions of patients' motivation were determined using Kyngäs et al., content analysis method. Results: The findings showed that new tools had been developed in 38% of the studies and other studies had revised or translated existing questionnaires. Moreover, 62% of the tools were used to measure patient motivation in mental disorders. Most of the studies did not clearly define the concept of patient motivation in the clinical environment. The findings of content analysis outlined the 3 categories of motivation determinant factors, decisions, and behaviors that determine overall levels of motivations and its consequences. Conclusions: Motivation is a dynamic concept and is a result of internal and external motives that lead to decisions and behaviors. There are limited tools for measuring motivation in clinical settings. This addresses the need to design specific tools in various diseases, especially chronic diseases. By the concept defined in this study, it is possible to design a short tool with general application that can be used in all diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The aims of this study are to conduct a systematic review of public–private partnership (PPP) studies published from 2009 to 2019, to compare the results with Ke et al. (2009) who reviewed the PPP literature published from 1998 to 2008, and to trace the evolution of the PPP knowledge in the past two decades. This study also presents the possible directions that the PPP research may go towards in the future, arguably. Design/methodology/approach: This study carried out a top journal-based search to identify the quality PPP articles published from 2009 to 2019. A total of 12 top-tier construction journals were systematically searched in the database of web of science (WOS), from which 279 PPP articles were identified for review. Findings: The number of the identified articles, the titles of the journals, institutions, the most cited papers, and prevalent research methods were analyzed and compared. The existing PPP studies in construction journals were classified into seven streams. Through analysis of the PPP research status and gaps, five future research directions were revealed. Originality/value: This study contributes to the current body of knowledge by revealing the research trend of PPP from 2009 to 2019. It presents the change of PPP development trend in the past decade through comparison with Ke et al. (2009). It also reveals the major research streams and points out the directions that the PPP research may go towards in the future. Moreover, this study is helpful to the practice as well. It can enhance the practitioners' understanding of the PPP development in the past decade. In addition, it identified the research institutions contributing the most in the area of PPP, which may serve as valuable reference for practitioners to locate the best institutions for consultancy or collaboration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nowadays, serious games, called training or learning games, have been incorporated into teaching and learning processes. Due to the increase of their use, the need to guarantee their accessibility arises in order to include people with disabilities in the educational environments in an integral way. There are reviews of the literature on video games but not on web-based serious games. Serious games are different from the previous ones because their educational processes allow reinforcing learning. This literature review was conducted using the recommendations for systematic reviews proposed by Kitchenham and Petersen. Three independent reviewers searched the ACM Digital Library, IEEE Xplore, Scopus, and Web of Science databases for the most relevant articles published between 2000 and 2020. Review selection and extraction were made using an interactive team approach. We applied the study selection process's flowchart adapted from the PRISMA statement to filter in three stages. This systematic literature review provides researchers and practitioners with the current state of web-based serious games and accessibility, considering cognitive, motor, and sensory disabilities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]