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Working therapeutically online can offer a number of challenges, not least to therapists' ideas about ways of engaging and working with clients, and views of reality, as well as to familiar theories about therapy, including the therapeutic relationship or ways of therapeutic relating Taking Rogers' theory of certain necessary and sufficient conditions - of psychotherapeutic change and of constructive personality change - this article considers each condition with regard to different experiences and aspects of online video conferencing therapy In doing so, the article tests not only the necessity and sufficiency of these six conditions but also, and in keeping with Rogers' methodology, of the theory itself As the article was written in a time of a global pandemic, it also offers reflections on the experiences of the authors working therapeutically online in this context (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved) Abstract (French) Le travail therapeutique en ligne peut presenter un certain nombre de defis, non seulement concernant les conceptions des therapeutes quant aux modalites de travail et d'engagement avec les clients et a la perception de la realite, mais aussi concernant les theories usuelles de la therapie, y compris ce qui concerne la relation therapeutique ou la maniere d'etre en relation therapeutique Sur base de la theorie de Rogers des conditions necessaires et suffisantes - de la psychotherapie et du changement constructif de la personnalite - cet article examine chaque condition en ce qui concerne les differentes experiences et differents aspects de la therapie en ligne par visoconference Ce faisant, cet article evalue non seulement le caractere necessaire et suffisant de ces six conditions, mais aussi, en phase avec la methodologie de Rogers, la theorie elle-meme Etant donne que cet article a ete ecrit dans une periode de pandemie planetaire, il propose aussi une reflexion sur l'experience des auteurs dans le travail therapeutique en ligne dans ce contexte (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved) Abstract (German) Zusammenfassung: Therapeutisches Arbeiten online kann uns vor einige Herausforderungen stellen, nicht zuletzt, was die Vorstellungen der therapeutischen Fachperson angeht, wie man sich einbringt und mit den Klienten arbeitet sowie auch die Sichtweisen auf Realitat, aber auch, was die gangigen Theorien zu Therapie angeht, inklusive die therapeutische Beziehung oder die Art und Weise, sich therapeutisch in Beziehung zu setzen Wenn man Rogers' Theorie von gewissen notwendigen und hinreichenden Bedingungen nimmt - von therapeutischer Veranderung und von konstruktiver Personlichkeitsveranderung - dann untersucht dieser Artikel jede dieser Bedingungen im Hinblick auf verschiedene Erfahrungen und Aspekte von Online-Video-Therapie Damit uberpruft dieser Artikel nicht nur die Notwendigkeit und das Hinreichende dieser sechs Bedingungen, sondern auch der Theorie an sich, dies unter Beibehaltung von Rogers' Methodologie Da der Artikel in einer Zeit globaler Pandemie geschrieben wurde, bietet er auch Reflexionen zu den Erfahrungen der Autoren, als sie unter solchen Bedingungen therapeutisch online arbeiteten (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved) Abstract (Portuguese) Trabalhar em terapia online pode apresentar diversos desafios, dos quais nao e de desconsiderar a perspetiva do terapeuta acerca de: como envolver os clientes e trabalhar com eles;perspetivas em relacao a realidade e teorias conhecidas sobre terapia, incluindo a relacao terapeutica ou formas de estabelecer uma relacao terapeutica Partindo da teoria de Rogers de que ha determinadas condicoes necessarias e suficientes - de mudanca terapeutica e de uma mudanca construtiva da personalidade, este artigo considera cada condicao em relacao a diferentes experiencias e aspetos da terapia por videochamada Ao faze-lo, o artigo testa nao so a necessidade e suficiencia das seis condicoes, mas tambem, e mantendo a metodologia de Rogers, da teoria propriamente dita Uma vez que o artigo foi escrito numa epoca de pandemia global, ele oferece ainda reflexoes acerca das experiencias dos autores no seu trabalho via internet neste contexto (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved) Abstract (Spanish) Resumen: Trabajar terapeuticamente en linea puede ofrecer una serie de desafios, entre ellos las ideas de los terapeutas sobre las formas de interactuar y trabajar con los clientes, y las visiones de la realidad, asi como las teorias familiares sobre la terapia, incluida la relacion terapeutica o las formas de relacion terapeutica Tomando la teoria de Rogers de ciertas condiciones necesarias y suficientes - del cambio psicoterapeutico y del cambio de personalidad constructivo - este articulo considera cada condicion con respecto a diferentes experiencias y aspectos de la terapia de videoconferencia en linea Al hacerlo, el articulo prueba no solo la necesidad y suficiencia de estas seis condiciones, sino tambien, y de acuerdo con la metodologia de Rogers, de la teoria misma Dado que el articulo fue escrito en un momento de una pandemia mundial, tambien ofrece reflexiones sobre las experiencias de los autores que trabajan terapeuticamente en linea en este context (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved)

This article examines how the person-centered approach (PCA) became established in Aotearoa New Zealand, and draws parallels between how a Western psychology lands and settles and the process of co...

The Strathclyde Inventory (SI) was created as an outcome measure to go beyond symptom intensity. It is designed to assess personality development such as congruent and flexible functioning from a person-centered perspective. The present study validated the data obtained from the 22-item French version of the SI collected in eight samples, including student groups and patients from four different hospital settings. This study describes the psychometric properties of the Strathclyde Inventory-French version. Results indicated high internal consistency and test-retest reliability. A single general Congruence vs. Incongruence factor structure with two sub-factors was found. The scale scores indicate sensitivity to the effects of two types of experiential trainings among university students and in an alcohol withdrawal program for hospitalized patients but did not show change in the absence of experiential training and in treatment as usual conditions among cancer and psychiatric patients. Construct validity was confirmed using correlations with data from trait, behavioral, and symptom measures. The results indicated that the scale is well designed to assess the process of personality development in training helping professionals and therapy process-outcome studies.

Many person-centered therapists provide their services on a voluntary basis wishing to enrich and expand their experiences as individuals and counselors. However, while rewarding, volunteers may also be affected by the difficulties of long-term unemployment. In this study, nine volunteer person-centered counselors in Greece aged 22–65, holding a Diploma in person-centered counseling, were interviewed. Participants were asked about how their experiences of not finding paid work might be affecting both themselves and their client work. The results indicated that long-term unemployment substantially reduces the counselors’ belief in their knowledge, skills, and counseling abilities while at the same time introducing doubts about their choice of profession, and even the very nature of the person-centered counseling process.

We present a range of evidence for the reliability and validity of data generated by the Personal Questionnaire (PQ), a client-generated individualized outcome measure, using 5 data sets from 3 countries. Overall pretherapy mean internal consistency (alpha) across clients was .80, and within-client alphas averaged .77; clients typically had 1 or 2 items that did not vary with the other items. Analyses of temporal structure indicated high levels of between-clients variance (58%), moderate pretherapy test-retest correlation (r = .57), and high session-to-session Lag-1 autocorrelation (. 82). Scores on the PQ provided clear evidence of convergence with a range of outcome measures (within-client r = .41). Mean pre-post effects were large (d = 1.25). The results support a revised caseness cutoff of 3.25 and a reliable change index interval of 1.67. We conclude that PQ data meet criteria for evidence-based, norm-referenced measurement of client psychological distress for supporting psychotherapy practice and research. info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion

Counselling outcomes are often measured in terms of standardised questionnaires. Though efficient for large numbers of participants, this method cannot capture the unique and subtle ‘shifts’ that clients often report when qualitative methods are utilised. Further, such questionnaires usually focus on the individual, missing the wider social implications of therapy. This paper presents the preliminary findings from a study that utilises the client's own perceptions of changes in their “Life Space” to establish the significance of their change process. These results are compared and contrasted with a standard outcome questionnaire and the participant's experiences of using the two methods are explored.

Over 50 years ago Eysenck challenged the existing base of research into psychotherapy. Since that time, a large number of investigations have been conducted to verify the efficacy of therapy. Recently however, an increasing number of studies have cast new doubts on this research base. Instead of therapy being a function of the therapist, it is now becoming ever more apparent that the client plays a prime role in the therapeutic process. The qualitative studies presented in this paper provide some examples of research that demonstrates that clients are actively involved in their therapy, even making counselling work despite their counsellor. These studies suggest that clients may not experience therapy as beneficially as traditional outcome studies indicate. This raises a new challenge to researchers to more fully explore the client's experience of therapy, a challenge to which qualitative methods of inquiry would appear well suited.

This paper reports on an exploration of the experience of the client at the heart of therapy. A grounded theory analysis of clients' experiences of therapy provided through a voluntary sector counselling service was undertaken, and generated four main categories: permission, engagement, transparency and restructuring. The results of the study are presented in a way that hopefully retains much of the richness of what people have reported about their experience of counselling. The findings of the study are discussed in terms of the idea that counselling can provide a setting where people can have common therapeutic requirements met.

Objective: International research has failed to demonstrate area effects in the distribution of common mental disorders. In contrast, strong and robust household effects are evident, though relatively rarely examined. This study investigated household and area effects in the distribution of mental health scores using Australian data. Method: Analysis of data from the first wave of the Household, Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia Survey: a large representative survey of 13 969 Australian adults. Multilevel regression methods were used to model variance in the mental health scale and mental component summary scale of the Short-Form 36 at the individual, household and area (Census Collection District) levels. A number of risk factors at various levels of the model were also examined. Results: Very little variance in mental health scores occurred at the area level (1.5%), whereas significant and substantial variance occurred at the household level (23.0%). The variance at the household level remained highly significant following the inclusion of a range of risk factors at the individual, household and area levels. Conclusions: The results confirm the absence of substantial area-level variation in mental health using Australian data. The findings highlight the importance of focusing on household-level characteristics in future research.