32 results on '"Marcelo Giovanetti Canteri"'
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2. Characterisation of Trichoderma strains using FTIR-ATR spectroscopy and molecular analysis
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Lucas Henrique Fantin, Ana Lúcia de Souza Madureira Felício, Ciro Hideki Sumida, Ricardo Marcelo Gonçalves, Karla Braga, José Alexandre de França, and Marcelo Giovanetti Canteri
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Plant Science ,Horticulture ,Agronomy and Crop Science - Published
- 2022
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3. Performance of dual and triple fungicide premixes for managing soybean rust across years and regions in Brazil: A meta‐analysis
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J. M. T. Roy, Alfredo R. Dias, Fernando Cezar Juliatti, Carlos Alberto Forcelini, Jhonatan Paulo Barro, Edson R. de Andrade Júnior, Cláudia Vieira Godoy, Marcelo Giovanetti Canteri, Marcio M. Goussain Júnior, H. D. Campos, Kaique S. Alves, H. R. Feksa, N. R. Tormen, V. J. Carlin, Maurício Conrado Meyer, Emerson M. Del Ponte, Luis Henrique Carregal Pereira da Silva, Carlos M. Utiamada, Fernando J. Grigolli, Tiago F. Konageski, S. H. Furlan, Mónica C. Martins, M. Senger, José Nunes Junior, Júnior I, M. D. Dias, Ione C. P. V. Chaves, M. P. Debortoli, Wilson S. Venâncio, Luana Maria de Rossi Belufi, Luciana Celeste Carneiro, Mônica A. Müller, DEPARTAMENTO DE FITOPATOLOGIA, UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE VIÇOSA, VIÇOSA, MG, BRAZIL, CLAUDIA VIEIRA GODOY, CNPSO, FUNDAÇÃO CHAPADÃO, CHAPADÃO DO SUL, MS, BRAZIL, UNIVERSIDADE DE PASSO FUNDO, PASSO FUNDO, RS, BRAZIL, TAGRO, LONDRINA, PR, BRAZIL, INSTITUTO MATO- GROSSENSE DO ALGODÃO, CUIABÁ, MT, BRAZIL, UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE UBERLÂNDIA, UBERLÂNDIA, MG, BRAZIL, FUNDAÇÃO MS, MARACAJU, MS, BRAZIL, FUNDAÇÃO AGRÁRIA DE PESQUISA AGROPECUÁRIA, GUARAPUAVA, PR, BRAZIL, UNIVERSIDADE DE RIO VERDE, RIO VERDE, GO, BRAZIL, SANTA CRUZ DO SUL, SANTAGRO, RS, BRAZIL, FUNDAÇÃO MATO GROSSO, RONDONÓPOLIS, MT, BRAZIL, CENTRO DE PESQUISA AGRÍCOLA COPACOL, CAFELÂNDIA, PR, BRAZIL, CENTRO TECNOLÓGICO PARA PESQUISAS AGROPECUÁRIAS, GOIÂNIA, GO, BRAZIL, FUNDAÇÃO RIO VERDE, LUCAS DO RIO VERDE, MT, BRAZIL, UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE GOIÁS, JATAÍ, GO, BRAZIL, AGRO CARREGAL, RIO VERDE, GO, BRAZIL, UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DE LONDRINA, LONDRINA, PR, BRAZIL, ASSIST CONSULTORIA E EXPERIMENTAÇÃO AGRONÔMICA LTDA, CAMPO VERDE, MT, BRAZIL, 3M EXPERIMENTAÇÃO AGRÍCOLA, PONTA GROSSA, PR, BRAZIL, MAURICIO CONRADO MEYER, CNPSO, UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO TOCANTINS, GURUPI, TO, BRAZIL, CÍRCULO VERDE ASSESSORIA AGRONÔMICA E PESQUISA, LUÍS EDUARDO MAGALHÃES, BA, BRAZIL, INSTITUTO PHYTUS, SANTA MARIA, RS, BRAZIL, INSTITUTO BIOLÓGICO, CAMPINAS, SP, BRAZIL, RURAL TÉCNICA EXPERIMENTOS AGRONÔMICOS LTDA, QUERÊNCIA, MT, BRAZIL, AGRODINÂMICA, TANGARÁ DA SERRA, MT, BRAZIL, UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DE PONTA GROSSA, PONTA GROSSA, PR, BRAZILBARRO ET AL ., and DEPARTAMENTO DE FITOPATOLOGIA, UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE VIÇOSA, VIÇOSA, MG, BRAZIL.
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Fungicida ,biology ,Soja ,Plant Science ,Horticulture ,biology.organism_classification ,Fungicide ,Agronomy ,Controle Químico ,Phakopsora pachyrhizi ,Chemical control ,Genetics ,Soybean rust ,Ferrugem ,Agronomy and Crop Science ,Fungicides - Abstract
Made available in DSpace on 2021-09-06T15:00:55Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ppa.13418.pdf: 2536352 bytes, checksum: 0f167241bd0fcdb0e4e8396760c9ca5f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2021
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- 2021
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4. Occurrence of Curtobacterium flaccumfaciens pv. flaccumfaciens in the state of Paraná and its pathogenicity in beans
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Adriano Thibes Hoshino, Jacqueline Dalbelo Puia, Sandra Cristina Vigo, Leandro Camargo Borsato, Marcelo Giovanetti Canteri, and Merilin Gabrieli Dal Ben Ferreira
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0106 biological sciences ,0301 basic medicine ,Veterinary medicine ,biology ,Inoculation ,fungi ,Randomized block design ,food and beverages ,Plant Science ,Horticulture ,Pathogenicity ,biology.organism_classification ,01 natural sciences ,Curtobacterium flaccumfaciens ,03 medical and health sciences ,030104 developmental biology ,Specific primers ,Cultivar ,Agronomy and Crop Science ,Pathogen ,010606 plant biology & botany - Abstract
Curtobacterium flaccumfaciens pv. flaccumfaciens (Cff) is a bacterial vascular pathogen that infects economically important crops, such as soybean and beans. Currently, this pathogen is widespread in the main bean-producing regions, causing great economic losses. Considering the environmental adaptability of this pathogen and its evolution over time, it is necessary to obtain new information and analyse its status. The objective of this study was to identify whether Cff occurs in the field by collecting plants from different regions in the state of Parana and determine its pathogenicity in bean plants. For Cff diagnosis, plants with wilt symptoms were obtained from commercial and experimental crops in the Campo do Tenente, Corbelia, Ivai, Santa Tereza do Oeste, and Senges municipalities. The samples were subjected to a bacteriological examination and isolation of the bacteria in specific culture medium. To confirm the species of the isolates obtained, specific primers for Cff were used in PCR. The isolates were inoculated into susceptible bean plants (BRS Supremo) to evaluate their pathogenicity. The experimental design adopted was a randomized block design with four replicates. The bacterium was found in all collection locations. Sixteen isolates were characterized as Cff by PCR. The isolates inoculated into the susceptible bean cultivar showed high levels of severity. The results show that Cff isolates in bean crops in bean-producing regions in Parana show a certain level of field adaptability.
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- 2021
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5. Estimating optimum plot size with radiometer for experiments on soybeans treated with fungicide
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Roger Nabeyama Michels, Marcelo Giovanetti Canteri, Inês Cristina de Batista Fonseca, Marcelo Augusto Aguiar e Silva, Janksyn Bertozzi, and Tatiane Cristina Dal Bosco
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0106 biological sciences ,Maximum curvature ,Modified maximum curvature ,NDVI ,Plant Science ,Biology ,01 natural sciences ,Normalized Difference Vegetation Index ,Plot (graphics) ,SB1-1110 ,Statistics ,Soybean crop ,Distância máxima ,Radiometer ,Phenology ,Maximum distance ,Botany ,Plant culture ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,Fungicide ,Curvatura máxima modificada ,QK1-989 ,040103 agronomy & agriculture ,0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries ,Stage (hydrology) ,010606 plant biology & botany - Abstract
Spectral remote sensing and proximal sensors are important tools for managing the plant-pathogen relationship. The lack of experimental planning and the probability of error in agricultural studies may result in work repetition and, consequently, in financial expenses and costs with human resources. To reduce such problems, determining the optimum size of the experimental plot for treatments is one of the adopted methods. The objective of this study was to estimate the optimum plot size for reflectance in soybeans that were treated with different fungicide levels according to the methods of modified maximum curvature and maximum distance. Reflectance readings were carried out for the soybean crop with a radiometer GreenSeeker®, considering basic units of 0.45 m² in an area of ten rows, 10 m long, for each treatment. Treatments were applied to create a gradient of Asian soybean rust, varying the number of fungicide applications. Data were collected in two phenological stages (R5.5 and R6), obtaining 300 simulations of experimental area for each stage. Based on the results, the use of 5.40 m² plots with a group of three rows, 4 m long, is recommended. RESUMO O sensoriamento remoto espectral e o sensor proximal são ferramentas importantes para gerenciar a relação planta-patógeno. A falta de planejamento experimental e a probabilidade de erro em estudos agrícolas podem resultar em retrabalho e, consequentemente, despesas financeiras e de recursos humanos. Uma maneira de reduzir esse problema é determinar o tamanho ótimo de parcela experimental para realização dos tratamentos. O objetivo deste estudo foi estimar o tamanho ótimo de parcela para refletância em soja que foi tratada com diferentes doses de fungicida, usando os métodos de curvatura máxima modificada e distância máxima. As leituras de refletância foram realizadas na cultura de soja com o auxílio de um radiômetro GreenSeeker®, com unidades básicas de 0,45 m², em uma área de dez linhas, com 10 metros de comprimento, em cada tratamento. Os tratamentos foram aplicados para criar um gradiente da doença ferrugem asiática da soja, variando o número de aplicações de fungicidas. Os dados foram coletados em dois estágios fenológicos (R5.5 e R6), obtendo-se 300 simulações de áreas experimentais em cada estágio. Com base nos resultados, recomenda-se o uso de parcelas de 5,40 m², com um grupo de três linhas, com 4 m de comprimento.
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- 2020
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6. Control of root rot (Phytophthora cinnamomi) in avocado (Persea Americana) with bioagents
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Marcelo Giovanetti Canteri, Karla Braga, Martin Homechin, Ciro Hideki Sumida, and Lucas Henrique Fantin
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0106 biological sciences ,Persea ,Pseudomonas fluorescens ,Plant Science ,macromolecular substances ,Phytophthora cinnamomi ,01 natural sciences ,complex mixtures ,SB1-1110 ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Root rot ,Metalaxyl ,Mycelium ,Trichoderma spp ,biology ,technology, industry, and agriculture ,Botany ,food and beverages ,Plant culture ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,biology.organism_classification ,Fungicide ,Horticulture ,chemistry ,Trichoderma ,QK1-989 ,040103 agronomy & agriculture ,0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries ,010606 plant biology & botany - Abstract
Despite the favorable edaphoclimatic conditions for avocado production in Brazil, diseases such as root rot caused by the pathogen Phytophthora cinnamomi compromise the crop. With the aim of managing root rot in avocado, the present study aimed to evaluate chemical and biological control with isolates of Trichoderma spp. and Pseudomonas fluorescens. Thus, three assays were conducted to assess: (i) mycelial inhibition of P. cinnamomi by isolates of Trichoderma spp. and P. fluorescens from different crop systems; (ii) effect of autoclaved and non-autoclaved metabolites of P. fluorescens, and (iii) chemical or biological treatment of avocado seedlings on the control of root rot under field conditions. The isolates of Trichoderma spp. from maize cultivation soil and the commercial products formulated with Trichoderma presented greater antagonism (p
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- 2020
7. Development and validation of a diagrammatic scale for the assessment of the severity of bacterial leaf streak of corn
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J. M. T. Roy, Adriano Augusto de Paiva Custódio, Lucas Henrique Fantin, Marcelo Giovanetti Canteri, and Karla Braga
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0106 biological sciences ,0301 basic medicine ,Scale (ratio) ,Concordance ,Streak ,Plant Science ,Intra-rater reliability ,Horticulture ,Biology ,01 natural sciences ,03 medical and health sciences ,030104 developmental biology ,Concordance correlation coefficient ,Disease severity ,Linear regression ,Statistics ,Agronomy and Crop Science ,Bacterial leaf streak ,010606 plant biology & botany - Abstract
The recent occurrence of bacterial leaf streak of corn caused by Xanthomonas vasicola pv. vasculorum represents a potential threat to the maize crop in Brazil. This study aimed to develop and validate a diagrammatic scale for the assessment of leaf streak severity in corn leaves. Linear regression and Lin’s coefficient approaches were used to explore the intra- and inter-rater reliability and accuracy of experienced and inexperienced evaluators. In cornfields in Cafelândia, Parana state, 450 leaves that were naturally infected by the bacterium were collected from plants in stages V12 to R2. APS Assess software was used to measure the disease severity. The proposed scale consisted of eight levels: 0.5, 1, 3, 6, 11, 18, 37 and 67%. Validation was performed by five experienced and five inexperienced evaluators. The use of the scale improved the precision of inexperienced (R2= 0.66 and 0.88, with and without the scale) and experienced (R2= 0.81 and 0.97, without and with the scale) evaluators. In general, inexperienced evaluators overestimated (β0 = 5.7) disease severity without the scale, and experienced evaluators underestimated (β0 = − 2.1) disease severity without and with the scale. The agreement (pc = 0.83 and 0.94, without and with the scale, respectively) and accuracy (Cb = 0.93 and 0.98, without and with the scale, respectively) improved with the use of the scale. The overall concordance correlation coefficient (OCCC) showed the improvement of the concordance between experienced evaluators. The use of the proposed diagrammatic scale proved to be adequate for evaluating the severity of the bacterial leaf streak and improved the inter- and intrarater reliability and accuracy of experienced and inexperienced evaluators.
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- 2020
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8. Spectral characterization and quantification of Phakopsora pachyrhizi urediniospores by Fourier transformed infrared with attenuated total reflectance
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Karla Braga, Giancarlo Michelino Gaeta, José Alexandre de França, Ana Lúcia de Souza Madureira Felício, Marcelo Giovanetti Canteri, and Lucas Henrique Fantin
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0106 biological sciences ,0301 basic medicine ,Spectral signature ,fungi ,food and beverages ,Infrared spectroscopy ,Plant Science ,Horticulture ,Biology ,biology.organism_classification ,01 natural sciences ,Spore ,Fungicide ,03 medical and health sciences ,030104 developmental biology ,Attenuated total reflection ,Phakopsora pachyrhizi ,Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy ,Agronomy and Crop Science ,010606 plant biology & botany ,Urediniospore - Abstract
Asian soybean rust, Phakopsora pachyrhizi, is the most devastating disease in the soybean crop. Despite efforts to control the disease, such as a soybean-free period and cultivar resistance, outbreaks have been increasing in Brazil, with losses reaching 80%. Chemical control is the main strategy adopted by South American farmers to control the disease. Fungicide application is recommended before the occurrence of symptoms; monitoring for spores can improve decision-making and treatment applications. The objective of this study was to identify a spectral signature for the fungus P. pachyrhizi and quantify the number of urediniospores in a sample of water using the Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy technique in the MIR range, 650 cm−1 to 4000 cm−1, with the attenuated total reflectance (ATR) accessory. In FTIR spectroscopy, the samples are irradiated by infrared light resulting in absorption of energy by molecular vibrations. Fungus samples were collected in 48 Brazilian soybean growth regions. A total of 130 samples were assessed. The characterization of fungi samples was conducted using Infrared Spectroscopy from 1000 cm−1 to 1560 cm−1. The spectral signature of P. pachyrhizi was between 1500 cm−1 to 1550 cm−1. The quantification showed high values for the calibration coefficients (R2 = 0.9478), cross validation (R2 = 0.9330) and prediction (R2 = 0.9236), which demonstrates the accuracy for estimation of the number of urediniospores. The FTIR-ATR spectroscopy enables the characterization and quantification of P. pachyrhizi urediniospores in water samples, creating a more efficient way to monitor spore dispersal and management of this disease.
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- 2019
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9. Sensitivity of populations of Phakopsora pachyrhizi to the fungicide prothioconazole
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Karla Braga, Fernanda Neves Paduan, Lucas Henrique Fantin, Luigi Bertolaccini Scolin, Marcelo Giovanetti Canteri, and Claudinei Antonio Minchio
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Concentração efetiva 50 ,Botany ,Plant culture ,Plant Science ,Biology ,Triazoles ,SB1-1110 ,Horticulture ,Detached leaflets ,Inibidor da desmetilação ,Folíolos destacados ,Effective Concentration 50 ,QK1-989 ,Triazóis ,Inhibitor of demethylation - Abstract
RESUMO A redução na eficiência de fungicidas sintéticos está associada a seleção de indivíduos que apresentam alterações genéticas que conferem resistência aos ingredientes ativos. A sinalização de variações na frequência de indivíduos resistentes nas populações de fungos pode ser quantificada através da concentração efetiva 50 (CE50). O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar a sensibilidade de populações de Phakopsora pachyrhizi coletadas durante a safra 2017/18 em diferentes regiões produtoras de soja ao i.a protioconazol (IDM), através da concentração efetiva que resulta em 50% de eficiência de controle (CE50). Folíolos de soja foram tratados com o i.a nas concentrações zero; 0,0625; 0,125; 0,25; 0,5; 1; 2; 4; 8 e 16 mg L-1 e inoculados com uredósporos de P. pachyrhizi provenientes de 17 localidades distribuídas no Brasil e Paraguai. Os folíolos inoculados foram mantidos em placas de Petri plásticas de 15cm de diâmetro com papel filtro umedecido e incubadas em câmaras de crescimento a 23o C ±2o C. A severidade da doença foi avaliada 15 dias após a inoculação. Através do ajuste log-logístico foi estimada a concentração efetiva que apresenta 50% de eficiência de controle (CE50) para cada população. Foi observada variação na sensibilidade entre as populações do fungo P. pachyrhizi ao fungicida protioconazol, com valores de CE50 variando de 0,05 mg L-1 a 1,04 mg L-1 com média e mediana de 0,35 mg L-1. De acordo com os resultados obtidos houve alteração da sensibilidade das populações de P. pachyrhizi ao fungicida protioconazol conforme o local de origem das populações do fungo. ABSTRACT Reduced efficiency of synthetic fungicides is associated with the selection of individuals presenting genetic alterations that provide resistance to active ingredients. Signs of variations in the frequency of resistant individuals among fungal populations can be quantified based on the effective concentration 50 (CE50). The objective of this study was to evaluate the sensitivity to prothioconazole (DMI) by populations of Phakopsora pachyrhizi collected during the 2017/18 harvest from different soybean producing regions, based on the effective concentration that results in 50% control efficiency (CE50). Soybean leaflets were treated with a.i. at the concentrations zero; 0.0625; 0.125; 0.25; 0.5; 1; 2; 4; 8 and 16 mg L-1 and inoculated with P. pachyrhizi uredospores from 17 localities distributed in Brazil and Paraguay. The inoculated leaflets were kept in 15cm-diameter plastic Petri dishes containing moistened filter paper and incubated in growth chambers at 23 ± 2°C. The disease severity was evaluated 15 days after inoculation. Log-logistic adjustment was employed to estimate the effective concentration that had 50% control efficiency (CE50) for each population. There was variation in the sensitivity of P. pachyrhizi populations to the fungicide prothioconazole, and CE50 values ranged from 0.05 mg L-1 to 1.04 mg L-1 with mean and median values of 0.35 mg L-1. According to the obtained results, sensitivity of P. pachyrhizi to the fungicide prothioconazole varied with the origin of the fungal populations.
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- 2020
10. Development and validation of diagrammatic scale to assess target spot severity in cotton
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Karla Braga, Lucas Henrique Fantin, Marcelo Giovanetti Canteri, A. R. Dias, and E. P. Borges
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0106 biological sciences ,0301 basic medicine ,Scale (ratio) ,Plant Science ,030108 mycology & parasitology ,Biology ,01 natural sciences ,03 medical and health sciences ,Diagrammatic reasoning ,Concordance correlation coefficient ,Linear regression ,Statistics ,Bias correction ,Reliability (statistics) ,Statistic ,010606 plant biology & botany - Abstract
Due to the emergence of target spot disease on cotton, caused by the fungus Corynespora cassiicola, the aim of this study was the development and validation of a diagrammatic scale to assess the severity of target spot on cotton leaves using Lin’s statistic and linear regression models. For the design of the scale, 200 cotton leaves were collected from naturally infected plants. Severity was measured by APS assess image analysis software. The diagrammatic scale was developed with seven levels of severity: 1%, 2%, 5%, 9%, 19%, 37 and 53%. Validation was determined by severity estimates of 50 leaves by five experienced and five inexperienced evaluators. The first assessment was performance without a scale and the second with a scale aid. The data were analyzed by two methods: Lin’s statistics and linear regression. The diagrammatic scale aid reduced the absolute and relative error and improved precision (R2 = 0.79 and 0.91 without and with the scale, respectively). Evaluators overestimated the severity without the scale. Agreement (Lin’s concordance correlation coefficient, pc = 0.83 and 0.94, without and with the scale, respectively) and accuracy (Bias correction factor, Cb = 0.93 and 0.98, without and with the scale, respectively) were improved with the scale. The agreement between experience evaluators was higher with the scale. The use of the proposed diagrammatic scale contributed to assessment of target spot in cotton leaves by improving inter- and intra-rater reliability and accuracy of experienced and inexperienced evaluators.
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- 2018
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11. Impacto do controle do mofo-branco com fluazinam na produtividade da soja no Sul do Paraná: metanálise
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André Luis da Silva, Lucas Henrique Fantin, Fernando Luiz Buss Tupich, and Marcelo Giovanetti Canteri
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0106 biological sciences ,0301 basic medicine ,Botany ,Plant culture ,Plant Science ,modelo de efeitos aleatórios ,Biology ,01 natural sciences ,random effects model ,SB1-1110 ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Horticulture ,030104 developmental biology ,chemistry ,systematic review ,Sclerotinia sclerotiorum ,Revisão sistemática ,QK1-989 ,Chemical control ,Fluazinam ,010606 plant biology & botany - Abstract
RESUMO O controle químico de Sclerotinia sclerotiorum pode prevenir infecção, e reduzir a incidência e severidade da doença. Analisar resultados de ensaios individuais nem sempre fornecem conclusões confiáveis. Com isso, técnicas estatísticas como a metanálise, pouco utilizada na fitopatologia, podem ser úteis. Basicamente a técnica sumariza quantitativamente resultados de diversos estudos os ponderando de acordo com sua variabilidade. Assim, foram analisados trabalhos publicados e relatórios técnicos fornecidos por entidades de pesquisa, contendo o tratamento químico com o ingrediente ativo fluazinam usado no controle de S. sclerotiorum e seu efeito na produtividade da soja. Foram analisados 18 experimentos, totalizando 50 entradas de dados. A variável utilizada para o modelo de efeitos aleatórios foi obtida pela diferença entre o tratamento com o fungicida e a testemunha (sem aplicação). A estimativa metanalítica indicou acréscimo de 413,9 kg.ha-1 com amplitude de 344,6 a 483,1 kg.ha-1. A probabilidade de haver qualquer acréscimo de produtividade foi de 89,1%, sendo que para 120, 300, 600, 900 e 1.200 Kg.ha-1 as chances foram 82,8; 69,6; 41,7; 17,6 e 4,9%, respectivamente. Considerando-se R$50,00 o preço da saca 60 kg e R$ 170,00.ha-1 o custo do fungicida, estimou-se em 77,1% a probabilidade de retorno econômico. Concluiu-se que a aplicação de fluazinam contribuiu para o aumento de produtividade de soja atacada por S.scleotiorum. ABSTRACT Chemical control of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum can prevent infection and reduce the disease incidence and severity. Assessment of individual assay results may not provide reliable conclusions. Statistical techniques like meta-analysis, rarely adopted in phytopathology, may be useful. Basically, the technique quantitatively summarizes the results of several studies, weighting them according to their variability. Thus, published studies and technical reports provided by research entities were analyzed; they contained chemical treatment with the active ingredient fluazinam used in S. sclerotiorum control and its effect on soybean yield. Eighteen experiments were analyzed, totaling 50 data entries. The variable used for the random effects model was obtained based on the difference between the fungicide treatment and the control (without application). Meta-analytic estimate indicated an increase of 413.9 kg.ha-1 and range from 344.6 to 483.1 kg.ha-1. Probability of any increase in yield was 89.1%, and for 120, 300, 600, 900 and 1,200 Kg.ha-1 chances were 82.8, 69.6, 41.7, 17.6 and 4.9%, respectively. Considering R$ 50.00 is the cost of a 60kg bag and R$ 170.00.ha-1 is the fungicide cost, the probability of financial return was estimated at 77.1%. Fluazinam application contributed to increase the yield of soybean attacked by S. sclerotiorum.
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- 2017
12. Effects of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria on co-inoculation with Bradyrhizobium in soybean crop: a meta-analysis of studies from 1987 to 2018
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Lucas Henrique Fantin, Leandro Simões Azeredo Gonçalves, André Luiz Martinez de Oliveira, Alessandra Koltun, Douglas Mariani Zeffa, Marcelo Giovanetti Canteri, and Maria Paula Nunes
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0106 biological sciences ,Biofertilizer ,Biomass ,lcsh:Medicine ,Context (language use) ,Plant Science ,Rhizobacteria ,01 natural sciences ,Bradyrhizobium ,Microbiology ,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology ,03 medical and health sciences ,Agricultural Science ,Microbial inoculant ,030304 developmental biology ,0303 health sciences ,biology ,Bacteria ,General Neuroscience ,Pseudomonas ,lcsh:R ,fungi ,food and beverages ,Agriculture ,General Medicine ,biology.organism_classification ,Horticulture ,Shoot ,Glycine max (L.) Merrill ,General Agricultural and Biological Sciences ,Plant productivity ,010606 plant biology & botany - Abstract
Background The co-inoculation of soybean with Bradyrhizobium and other plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) is considered a promising technology. However, there has been little quantitative analysis of the effects of this technique on yield variables. In this context, the present study aiming to provide a quantification of the effects of the co-inoculation of Bradyrhizobium and PGPR on the soybean crop using a meta-analysis approach. Methods A total of 42 published articles were examined, all of which considered the effects of co-inoculation of PGPR and Bradyrhizobium on the number of nodules, nodule biomass, root biomass, shoot biomass, shoot nitrogen content, and grain yield of soybean. We also determined whether the genus of the PGPR used as co-inoculant, as well as the experimental conditions, altered the effect size of the PGPR. Results The co-inoculation technology resulted in a significant increase in nodule number (11.40%), nodule biomass (6.47%), root biomass (12.84%), and shoot biomass (6.53%). Despite these positive results, no significant increase was observed in shoot nitrogen content and grain yield. The response of the co-inoculation varied according to the PGPR genus used as co-inoculant, as well as with the experimental conditions. In general, the genera Azospirillum, Bacillus, and Pseudomonas were more effective than Serratia. Overall, the observed increments were more pronounced under pot than that of field conditions. Collectively, this study summarize that co-inoculation improves plant development and increases nodulation, which may be important in overcoming nutritional limitations and potential stresses during the plant growth cycle, even though significant increases in grain yield have not been evidenced by this data meta-analysis.
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- 2020
13. Meta-Analytic Modeling of the Decline in Performance of Fungicides for Managing Soybean Rust after a Decade of Use in Brazil
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Mónica C. Martins, Luciana Celeste Carneiro, Emerson M. Del Ponte, Maurício Conrado Meyer, F. V. Siqueri, José Nunes, Carlos M. Utiamada, Felipe Dalla Lana, Pierce A. Paul, H. D. Campos, Ricardo Silveiro Balardin, Marcelo Giovanetti Canteri, Margarida F. Ito, V. J. Carlin, S. H. Furlan, Fernando Cezar Juliatti, Cláudia Vieira Godoy, D. S. Miguel-Wruck, Luis Henrique Carregal Pereira da Silva, Carlos Alberto Forcelini, Edson P. Borges, and David de Souza Jaccoud-Filho
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0106 biological sciences ,Time Factors ,Plant Science ,01 natural sciences ,Models, Biological ,Toxicology ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Drug Resistance, Fungal ,Subject areas ,Epoxiconazole ,Tebuconazole ,Fungicides ,Plant Diseases ,biology ,Basidiomycota ,Cyproconazole ,biology.organism_classification ,Fungicides, Industrial ,Fungicide ,010602 entomology ,chemistry ,Agronomy ,Phakopsora pachyrhizi ,Soybeans ,Soybean rust ,Soybean ,Agronomy and Crop Science ,Brazil ,010606 plant biology & botany - Abstract
An apparent decline of fungicide performance for the control of soybean rust in Brazil has been reported but the rate at which it has occurred has not been formally quantified. Control efficacy and yield response to three fungicides applied as single active ingredients (a.i.)—azoxystrobin (AZOX), cyproconazole (CYPR), and tebuconazole (TEBU)—and four applied as mixtures—AZOX+CYPR, picoxystrobin + CYPR, pyraclostrobin + epoxiconazole, and trifloxystrobin + prothioconazole (TRIF+PROT)—were summarized using network meta-analytic models fitted to mean severity and yield data from 250 trials (10-year period). The effect of year was tested on both variables in a meta-regression model. Overall control efficacy ranged from 56 to 84%; the three single-a.i. fungicides performed the poorest (56 to 62%). Yield increase for single-a.i. fungicides was as low as 30% but ranged from 47 to 65% for the premixes. Significant declines in both variables were detected for all fungicides except TRIF+PROT. For TEBU, control efficacy (yield response) declined the most: 78% (18%) to 54% (8%) from 2004–05 to 2013–14. The recent surge of resistant populations of Phakopsora pachyrhizi to both demethylation inhibitor and quinone outside inhibitor fungicides is likely the driving force behind a significant decline after 4 years of fungicide use.
- Published
- 2019
14. Estudo observacional do efeito de fluazinam sobre a produtividade da cultura da soja – Metanálise
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Rodrigo Yoiti Tsukahara, André Luis da Silva, Marcelo Giovanetti Canteri, Fernando Luiz Buss Tupich, and Lucas Henrique Fantin
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0106 biological sciences ,030505 public health ,Botany ,Plant culture ,Plant Science ,modelo de efeitos aleatórios ,Biology ,01 natural sciences ,SB1-1110 ,03 medical and health sciences ,Horticulture ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,chemistry ,Sclerotinia sclerotiorum ,QK1-989 ,0305 other medical science ,Chemical control ,Fluazinam ,mofo-branco ,estudos observacionais ,010606 plant biology & botany - Abstract
RESUMO O fungo Sclerotinia sclerotiorum incide sobre a cultura da soja causando danos em sua produtividade. Entretanto, a quantificação de tais danos ainda demanda estudos, devido à interação com o ambiente em que o desenvolvimento da doença se insere. Assim, o presente estudo tem como objetivo quantificar em estudos observacionais, através de metanálise, a influência que o patógeno exerce sobre a cultura da soja e analisar a viabilidade do controle químico do mesmo com o fungicida fluazinam. Conduziram-se 121 estudos observacionais durante as safras 2011/2012 a 2014/2015 em que cada estudo consistia de uma parcela aplicada e outra sem aplicação do fungicida fluazinam. Agrupando-se os estudos por cultivares e safra de cultivo, estabeleceram-se 16 entradas de dados (K = 16) para condução de metanálise em modelos aleatórios. Observou-se que há diferença entre as respostas das cultivares avaliadas em produtividade em resposta a aplicação do fungicida. Ainda, como estimativa metanalítica, constatou-se que há resposta positiva em 243,44 kg.ha-1 com amplitude de 142,83 a 344,05 kg.ha-1. Para a região estudada, no sul do Paraná, a probabilidade de haver qualquer acréscimo de produtividade foi de 88,3%, sendo que para aumento em 60, 120, 300, 600 Kg.ha-1 as mesmas foram 81,5; 72,7; 69,9; 39,1 e 4,1 %, respectivamente. Considerando-se R$ 70,00 o custo da saca e R$ 160,00.ha-1 o custo da aplicação do fungicida, estimou-se em 69,9 % a probabilidade de retorno financeiro, quando utilizado o mesmo. Assim, a aplicação de fluazinam contribuiu no acréscimo de produtividade de soja frente à incidência de S.scleotiorum.
- Published
- 2018
15. Fotossíntese de folhas de soja infectadas por Corynespora cassiicola e Erysiphe diffusa
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Marcelo Giovanetti Canteri, Sheila Ariana Xavier, Cláudia Vieira Godoy, and Flávia Elis de Mello
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eficiência fotossintética ,Plant Science ,Biology ,lcsh:Plant culture ,biology.organism_classification ,Photosynthesis ,lcsh:QK1-989 ,Erysiphe diffusa ,Horticulture ,oídio ,lcsh:Botany ,lesão virtual ,lcsh:SB1-1110 ,mancha-alvo ,Corynespora cassiicola ,Powdery mildew - Abstract
A estimativa visual da severidade de doenças em plantas nem sempre se correlaciona com o efeito desta sobre a atividade fotossintética do hospedeiro. O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar a interferência dos fungos Corynespora cassiicola e Erysiphe diffusa, causadores da mancha-alvo e do oídio na cultura da soja, respectivamente, na eficiência fotossintética de folhas infectadas. A fotossíntese foi relacionada com a área foliar doente por meio da equação Px/ Po=(1-x)β. Os parâmetros β (± erro padrão) estimados foram 2,78 (± 0,28) (p1) indica que houve redução da eficiência fotossintética no tecido lesionado e em parte do tecido verde remanescente, enquanto que os valores obtidos para E. diffusa (β≤1) indicam que a estimativa visual da severidade da doença é um bom indicador do efeito do fungo na taxa fotossintética do hospedeiro.
- Published
- 2015
16. The effect of temperature, leaf wetness and light on development of grapevine rust
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Francislene Angelotti, João Batista Vida, Dauri José Tessmann, Marcelo Giovanetti Canteri, and Claudia Regina Scapin
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Agronomy ,fungi ,food and beverages ,Environment controlled ,Plant Science ,Phakopsora euvitis ,Biology ,Rust ,Leaf wetness ,Spore - Abstract
The effects of temperature, leaf wetness duration, and light regimes on infection and the effect of temperature on latent period of Phakopsora euvitis (grapevine rust) on cv. Niagara Rosada grapevine (Vitis labrusca) was investigated. Potted transplants were spray-inoculated with an aqueous spore suspension and exposed to temperatures of 15, 20, 25, or 30 °C and wetness periods of 0, 3, 6, 12, or 24 h (under controlled environment conditions). Duration of leaf wetness and temperature both had significant effects on infection. A minimum of 6 h of continuous leaf wetness was required for infection of P. euvitis at temperatures of 15, 20, and 25 °C. Maximum infection occurred with a leaf wetness duration of 12 to 24 h at 20 °C. Infection did not occur at 30 °C regardless of leaf wetness period. A multiple regression model was developed describing infection based on temperature and leaf wetness duration (R 2 = 0.78). Light regimes during the initial 24-h leaf wetness period affected infection. The latent period was 13 days at 15 °C, 7 days at 20–25 °C, and 8 days at 30 °C. The results of this study describe conditions required for the development of grapevine rust epidemics.
- Published
- 2013
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17. Green stem and leaf retention in soybean crops
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André Luis da Silva, Alexandre José da Silva, and Marcelo Giovanetti Canteri
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fungicidas ,nutricão ,pragas ,Plant Science ,Biology ,lcsh:Plant culture ,fungicides ,lcsh:Botany ,lcsh:SB1-1110 ,Cultivar ,cultivares ,photoperiodism ,Water stress ,mad soybean ,biology.organism_classification ,Temperature stress ,lcsh:QK1-989 ,Fungicide ,nutrition ,Agronomy ,soja louca ,varieties ,Late season ,Potassium deficiency ,Soybean rust ,pests - Abstract
Haste verde em soja é uma síndrome que mantém as hastes primárias e secundárias da soja verdes, mesmo após a maturação fisiológica da semente. Retenção foliar é a manutenção das folhas verdes por um período mais longo, após maturação da semente. Sua ocorrência na cultura da soja tem sido atribuída a utilização de alguns fungicidas empregados no controle do complexo de doenças foliares em soja, principalmente ferrugem e doenças de final de ciclo. No entanto, vários fatores podem contribuir para a ocorrência deste distúrbio nas plantas. Os principais são: deficiência de potássio, desequilíbrio nutricional, stresse hídrico (excesso ou falta), stresse de temperaturas altas, ataque de pragas, principalmente percevejos, cultivares sensíveis, ocorrência de antracnose e aplicação de alguns fungicidas. Devido à escassez de informações sobre o assunto é comum atribuir qualquer distúrbio fisiológico a aplicação de fungicidas. O adequado manejo da cultura desde nutrição equilibrada, controle integrado de pragas e doenças, atenção para exigência hídrica, térmica e foperiódica da planta são fatores importantes para evitar ou reduzir ao máximo o aparecimento desta síndrome. Trabalhos objetivando interação entre estes fatores e cultivares, utilização de fungicidas são necessários para maiores informações sobre o assunto. Green stem in soybean is a syndrome that makes the primary and the secondary stems of soybean remain green even after the seed physiological maturity. Leaf retention is the maintenance of green leaves for a longer period after seed maturation. Its occurrence in soybean crops has been attributed to the use of some fungicides to control the leaf diseases complex in soybean, especially soybean rust and late season diseases. However, several factors may contribute to the occurrence of this disorder in plants. The main factors are: potassium deficiency, nutritional imbalance, water stress (excess or lack), high temperature stress, attack by insects, especially stinkbugs, sensitive cultivars, anthracnose occurrence and application of some fungicides. Due to the scarcity of information on this subject, any physiological disorder is commonly attributed to fungicide application. Adequate crop management including balanced nutrition, integrated control of pests and diseases, and attention to water, thermal and photoperiod requirements of the plant are important factors to prevent or minimize the emergence of this syndrome. Studies focused on the interaction among these factors and the cultivars and the use of fungicides are needed to provide further information on this subject.
- Published
- 2013
18. Soybean rust epidemics in Rio Grande do Sul explained by ENSO phenomenon and off-season disease incidence
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Claudinei Antonio Minchio, Marcelo Augusto de Aguiar e Silva, Marcelo Giovanetti Canteri, and Lucas Henrique Fantin
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0106 biological sciences ,Inóculo inicial ,Phakopsora pachyrhizi ,modelo de previsão ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,Plant Science ,predict models ,Biology ,lcsh:Plant culture ,01 natural sciences ,lcsh:QK1-989 ,lcsh:Botany ,040103 agronomy & agriculture ,0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries ,lcsh:SB1-1110 ,epidemiology ,Initial inoculum ,epidemiologia ,Humanities ,010606 plant biology & botany - Abstract
RESUMO Estudou-se a interferência da variabilidade da variabilidade climática e do número de relatos de ferrugem asiática na entressafra sobre a epidemia da doença no estado do Rio Grande do Sul, durante 11 safras agrícolas. A ocorrência da doença foi obtida a partir de relatos apresentados no Consórcio Antiferrugem e dividida entre os períodos “Safra”, “Entressafra” e “Ano Todo”. Os dados das epidemias foram testados para correlação, via regressões polinomiais lineares e quadráticas, com as variáveis climáticas: precipitação pluvial, índice padronizado de precipitação - SPI, índice de oscilação sul - IOS e anomalia da Temperatura na Superfície do Mar - SST no Oceano Pacífico Tropical e número de ocorrências da doença no período de entressafra. Os índices que melhor explicaram a variação das ocorrências da doença para o período “Ano Todo” foram o SST e IOS, com coeficientes de determinação (R2) de 0,94 e 0,59, respectivamente. As ocorrências de ferrugem no período “Entressafra” influenciaram positivamente nas ocorrências no período “Safra”. ABSTRACT The interference of climatic variability and number of Asian rust reports in the off-season on the epidemics of the disease was studied in the state of Rio Grande do Sul for 11 seasons. The disease occurrence was obtained from reports presented at Antirust Consortium and divided among the periods “season”, “off-season” and “whole year”. Data on the epidemics were tested for correlation, via linear and quadratic polynomial regression, with climate variables: rainfall, standardized precipitation index - SPI, Southern Oscillation Index - SOI and sea surface temperature anomaly - SST in the Tropical Pacific Ocean, and number of occurrences of the disease in the off-season. The indices that best explained the variation in disease occurrence for the period “whole year” were SST and SOI, and coefficients of determination (R2) were 0.94 and 0.59, respectively. Rust occurrences in the period “off-season” positively influenced the occurrence in the “season” period.
- Published
- 2016
19. In vitro preservation methods of Puccinia kuehnii urediniospores
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Marcelo Giovanetti Canteri, Douglas Casaroto Peitl, Fabiana Tibolla, Ana Maria Conte e Castro, and Ciro Hideki Sumida
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preservation ,lyophilization ,Plant Science ,Orange (colour) ,lcsh:Plant culture ,law.invention ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,law ,lcsh:Botany ,Botany ,medicine ,lcsh:SB1-1110 ,orange rust ,Dehydration ,Puccinia kuehnii ,Urediniospore ,Saccharum officinarum ,biology ,Silica gel ,Petri dish ,silica gel ,Granule (cell biology) ,biology.organism_classification ,medicine.disease ,reidratação ,lcsh:QK1-989 ,ferrugem alaranjada ,Horticulture ,chemistry ,sílica gel ,Germination ,rehydration ,liofilização - Abstract
Com o objetivo de avaliar métodos de preservação de urediniósporos de Puccinia kuehnii, conduziram-se dois bioensaios sendo o primeiro (B1) com diferentes métodos de desidratação e o segundo (B2), com diferentes métodos de reidratação. Em B1 foi adicionado um grânulo de sílica gel para preservação dos urediniósporos nos tubos de microcentrífuga. Foram coletadas folhas com sintomas de ferrugem alaranjada, P. kuehnii, da cultivar de cana-de-açúcar SP89 1115. Os urediniósporos do agente causal de ferugem foram extraídos das folhas com o auxílio de bomba a vácuo. Posteriormente, estes foram acondicionados em tubos de microcentrífuga. Os tratamentos para B1 foram: l- desidratação em sílica gel, liofilização e sem desidratação; ll- temperatura ambiente (20ºC), geladeira (5ºC), congelador (-20ºC) e deep-freezer (-80ºC). Para B2 os tratamentos foram: l- desidratação em sílica gel e sem desidratação; ll- temperatura ambiente (20ºC), geladeira (5ºC), congelador (-20ºC) e deep-freezer (-80ºC); lll- com reidratação e sem reidratação nas avaliações. Para ambos os bioensaios foi realizada a germinação inicial, outras aos 15 e 30 dias de armazenamento e posteriormente a cada 30 dias, até 180 dias. Prepararam-se suspensões de urediniósporos em água e uma alíquota de 0,1 mL foi transferida para placas de Petri contendo meio ágar-água (15g L-1). Essas permaneceram a 20ºC, no escuro. Para a avaliação da viabilidade, procedeu-se a contagem de 200 urediniósporos por placa. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância não paramétrica de Kruskal-Wallis e complementadas com o teste de Dunn. Os resultados demonstraram que a viabilidade decresceu em função do tempo, sendo que os melhores tratamentos atingiram 27,6% e 6,6% aos 30 dias, e 12,0% e 1,9% aos 60 dias, para B1 e B2, respectivamente. O método da desidratação em sílica gel seguido do armazenamento a -80ºC foi o único que apresentou urediniósporos viáveis (1,2%) aos 180 dias, para B1. No B2, o melhor método foi preservação com desidratação, armazenados a 5ºC, sem reidratação. Esse método apresentou melhor porcentagem de germinação aos 120 dias (0,4%). Não foi observada influência do fator choque térmico na recuperação de urediniósporos viáveis em B2. A inclusão de grânulo de sílica gel no tubo de microcentrífuga permitiu a recuperação da viabilidade dos urediniósporos aos 180 dias. With the aim of evaluating preservation methods of Puccinia kuehnii urediniospores, two bioassays were conducted: the first one (B1) with different methods of dehydration and the second one (B2) with different methods rehydration. B1 and B2 differed in the inclusion of silica gel granule in B1 for preservation in microcentrifuge tubes. Leaves with symptoms of orange rust were harvested from the sugarcane cultivar SP89 1115. P. kuehnii urediniospores were extracted from the leaves with the aid of a vacuum bomb. Later, they were placed in microcentrifuge tubes. Treatments for B1 were: l: dehydration in silica gel, lyophilization and without dehydration, ll: room temperature (20ºC), refrigerator (5ºC), freezer (-20ºC) and deep-freezer (- 80ºC). Treatments for B2 were: l: dehydration in silica gel and without dehydration, ll: room temperature (20ºC), refrigerator (5ºC), freezer (-20ºC) and deep-freezer (-80ºC), lll: with and without rehydration in the evaluations. The initial germination was carried out for both experiments, other assessments were made at 15 and 30 days of storage and then at every 30 days until 180 days. Urediniospore suspensions were prepared in water and a 0.1-mL aliquot was transferred to Petri dishes containing agar-water (15 g L-1). They remained at 20ºC in the dark. To assess viability, the count of 200 urediniospores/plate was performed. The data were subjected to nonparametric Kruskal-Wallis analysis of variance and complemented by Dunn's test. Results showed that viability decreased with time, and the best treatments reached 27.6% and 6.6% at 30 days, and 12.0% and 1.9% at 60 days for B1 and B2, respectively. Dehydration method in silica gel followed by storage at -80ºC was the only treatment that presented viable urediniospores (1.2%) at 180 days for B1. For B2, the best method was preservation with dehydration, followed by storage at 5ºC, without rehydration. This method showed the best germination percentage at 120 days (0.4%). Influence of the factor thermal shock was not observed in the recovery of viable urediniospores in B2. Inclusion of silica gel granules in the microcentrifuge tube allowed the recovery of viability of urediniospores at 180 days.
- Published
- 2012
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20. Germinação de uredósporos de Puccinia kuehnii submetidos a diferentes temperaturas e tempos de incubação
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Claudinei Antonio Minchio, Marcelo Giovanetti Canteri, and José Antonio Rocha
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condições ambientais ,biology ,Plant Science ,Orange (colour) ,lcsh:Plant culture ,biology.organism_classification ,lcsh:QK1-989 ,Spore ,Andira ,Horticulture ,Distilled water ,Germination ,lcsh:Botany ,Botany ,lcsh:SB1-1110 ,Epidemiologia ,Puccinia kuehnii ,Incubation ,incubação - Abstract
The orange rust caused by Puccinia kuehnii , is currently oneof the most important diseases of sugarcane due to the potentialdamage to susceptible varieties. This study evaluated the effectof temperature on germination of uredospores. Uredospores werecollected in the commercial field of sugarcane, variety SP 891115in the city of Andira (PR). After being removed from leaves, theuredospores underwent separation of impurities and placed in asolution of distilled water with Tween-20. The spores suspensionwas calibrated using a Neubauer chamber and plated an aliquot of0.1 ml on the agar-water (1.5%). The plates were placed in BOD,at temperatures: 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30 ° C in six incubation Minchio, C. A.; Canteri, M.G.; Rocha, J.A. Germination of uredospores of Puccinia kuehnii subjected to different temperatures and incubationtimes. Summa Phytopathologica, v.37, n.4, p.211-214, 2011. periods: 1, 3, 6, 12, 18, 24 hours, totaling 30 treatments withfive replications. At the end of each period, germination wasstopped by adding 0.1 ml of lactophenol. Each plate was dividedinto four fields and 50 spores were assessed in each field. Data ongermination percentage were subjected to analysis of variance ina factorial 5x6 with the unfolding of interaction in orthogonalpolynomials. By adjustment of mathematical model, the maximumgermination occurred for the period of 12h at a temperature of21°C (R2 = 82%). For the incubation periods, the model estimatedthat in the curve of temperature 20°C were required 14 hours (R2= 65%) to reach maximum germination.
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- 2011
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21. Chemical control and responses of susceptible and resistant soybean cultivars to the progress of soybean rust
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Éberson Sanches Calvo, Sheila Ariana Xavier, Lucimara Junko Koga, Marcelo Giovanetti Canteri, Romeu Afonso de Souza Kiihl, Arlindo Harada, and Jair Rogério Unfried
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Phakopsora pachyrhizi ,Glycine max ,biology ,Economic threshold ,vertical resistance ,food and beverages ,Sowing ,Growing season ,Plant Science ,biology.organism_classification ,Rust ,economic threshold level ,Fungicide ,Agronomy ,fungicide ,Cultivar ,Soybean rust ,Agronomy and Crop Science - Abstract
This work compared development of soybean rust (SR) on the susceptible cultivar BRS 133 and on the resistant line CB06-953/963 (Rpp4 gene) following different fungicide treatments applied in different developmental stages. The assessed variables were percent plant defoliation, coefficient of damage (CD) and economic threshold level (ETL), the latter two calculated from disease severity ratings and yield. Experiments were conducted in the field during the 2006-2007 growing season with one sowing date (Experiment I) and in 2007-2008 with two sowing dates (Experiments II and III). The experimental design was a randomized complete block with ten treatments and four replications. Overall, the Rpp4 gene in the resistant line was effective in reducing development of SR in all three experiments. The values of CD and ETL were higher for the resistant line than for the susceptible cultivar. The resistant line needed 13.3 days longer than the susceptible cultivar to reach the ETL in Experiment II. Fungicide applications were more effective in protecting yield and minimizing defoliation in the susceptible cultivar than in the resistant line. Under high inoculum pressure (Experiment III), three and four fungicide sprays applied during the season resulted in significantly higher yields (P
- Published
- 2011
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22. A refletância na estimativa do efeito de fungicidas no controle da ferrugem asiática da soja
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Marceli Hikishima, Alexandre José da Silva, Débora Cristina Santiago, Marcelo Giovanetti Canteri, and Andre Luiz da Silva
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sensoriamento remoto ,radiômetro de múltiplo espectro ,Phakopsora pachyrhizi ,biology ,Crop yield ,Randomized block design ,fitopatometria ,Plant Science ,biology.organism_classification ,Reflectivity ,Fungicide ,Horticulture ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Agronomy ,chemistry ,Azoxystrobin ,Soybean rust ,Tebuconazole - Abstract
Medidas de refletância têm apresentado resultados eficientes para avaliar a eficiência de fungicidas, além de ser um método prático e rápido. O objetivo do trabalho foi comparar medidas de refletância com o método de avaliação visual para avaliar a eficiência de fungicidas no controle da ferrugem asiática da soja e quantificar a relação com a produtividade. O ensaio foi instalado na Fazenda Escola da UEL, cv. BRS 133, em delineamento de blocos ao acaso com 07 diferentes fungicidas, em 04 repetições. Foram realizadas duas pulverizações, sendo a 1º no estádio R2 (3% de severidade) e a segunda em R5.1, 20 dias após. Avaliou-se visualmente a severidade de ferrugem asiática e calculou-se a área abaixo da curva de progresso da doença (AACPD). Também, avaliou-se a produtividade final e a percentagem de radiação solar em 810 nm (R810) com o uso de radiômetro de multiespectro e calculou-se a área abaixo da curva de progresso da radiação (AACPR). O coeficiente de determinação (R2) para regressão entre as variáveis AACPD x produtividade foi 0,79, entre AACPR x produtividade foi 0,90 e AACPD x AACPR foi 0,89. A utilização de refletância (R810) permitiu a separação dos tratamentos fungicidas em três grupos distintos, sendo epoxiconazol com menor eficiência, metconazol, tebuconazol e piraclostrobina + epoxiconazol foram classificados como intermediários e os mais eficientes foram, azoxistrobina + ciproconazol e picoxistrobina + ciproconazol.
- Published
- 2009
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23. Sensibility of Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri to copper and mancozeb
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Marcelo Giovanetti Canteri, Ana C.A. Santos, Rui Pereira Leite Junior, Michele Regina Lopes da Silva, Ludmila S. Rodrigues, Dirlene A.M.F. Rinaldi, and Luciana Meneguim
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chemistry.chemical_element ,Plant Science ,Biology ,resistência ao cobre ,Copper ,cancro cítrico ,Horticulture ,chemistry ,citrus canker ,Botany ,Citrus canker ,copper resistance ,Xanthomonas axonopodis ,Mancozeb ,etilenobisditiocarbamato ,ethylenebisdithiocarbamate - Abstract
O cancro cítrico, causado por Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri (Xac) é uma das principais doenças na produção de citros em diversas regiões do mundo. A aplicação de produtos químicos com ação bactericida é uma das principais medidas adotadas para o controle dessa doença. O objetivo deste estudo foi determinar a sensibilidade de isolados Xac ao cobre, bem como à mistura de cobre com mancozeb. A maior concentração de cobre em que foi observado crescimento de isolados de Xac foi de 50 µg/mL. Entretanto, 45,5 % dos isolados da bactéria provenientes de pomares que receberam aplicações freqüentes de cobre cresceram na presença de 50 µg/mL de cobre, contra apenas 13,4 % dos isolados oriundos de pomares que não receberam pulverizações regulares do bactericida. A presença de mancozeb em mistura com cúpricos reduziu a sensibilidade ao cobre dos isolados de Xac. Desta forma, o mancozeb não deve ser utilizado em mistura com cobre para o controle do cancro cítrico. Citrus canker, caused by Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri (Hasse) Vauterin et al. 1995 (Xac), is one of the most important problems for citrus production around the world. Spraying with copper compounds is a major measure for control of the disease. The objective of this study was to determine the sensitivity of Xac strains from the State of Parana, Brazil, to copper as well as to a mixture of copper with mancozeb. The highest copper concentration where Xac grew was 50 µg/mL. However, 45.5 % of the bacterial strains from orchards with regular sprays of copper compounds grew in the presence of 50 µg/mL of copper. In contrast, only 13.4 % of the strains from citrus orchards that never received copper sprays grew in such a copper concentration . Mixing mancozeb with copper increased the tolerance of Xac to copper. Therefore, the recommendation of mancozeb mixed with copper for control of the citrus canker bacterium should be reviewed.
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- 2007
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24. Variação da sensibilidade de populações de Phakopsora pachyrhizi a fungicidas inibidores da desmetilação no Brasil
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Ivani de Oliveira Negrão Lopes, Cláudia Vieira Godoy, Lucimara Junko Koga, Sheila Ariana Xavier, Marcelo Giovanetti Canteri, and Daiane Cristina Martins Barros
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protioconazol ,ciproconazol ,tebuconazole ,prothioconazole ,Plant Science ,Biology ,lcsh:Plant culture ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Disease severity ,lcsh:Botany ,Botany ,lcsh:SB1-1110 ,triazoles ,ferrugem-asiática da soja ,Tebuconazole ,EC50 ,Inoculation ,Asian soybean rust ,cyproconazole ,biology.organism_classification ,Spore ,lcsh:QK1-989 ,Fungicide ,tebuconazol ,Horticulture ,metconazol ,chemistry ,Phakopsora pachyrhizi ,Paper towel ,triazóis ,metconazole - Abstract
Durante as safras 2008/09, 2009/10 e 2010/11 foi monitorada a sensibilidade do fungo Phakopsora pachyrhizi aos fungicidas tebuconazol, ciproconazol, metconazol e protioconazol (inibidores da desmetilação, IDMs). Folhas destacadas de soja foram tratadas com os fungicidas em doses variando de zero a 32 mg L-1 (tebuconazol, ciproconazol e metconazol) e zero a 8 mg L-1 (protioconazol) e inoculadas com esporos de P. pachyrhizi provenientes de lavouras de soja de diferentes regiões produtoras. As folhas inoculadas foram incubadas em placas de Petri com papel umedecido, a 23°C ± 2ºC, e a severidade da ferrugem estimada 15 dias após a inoculação. Foram determinadas as doses efetivas para reduzir 50% da severidade da doença (DE50). O fungicida protioconazol apresentou a maior atividade intrínseca, com valores de DE50 variando de 0,000001 mg L-1 a 0,39 mg L-1. Os valores de DE50variaram de 0,001 mg L-1 a 1,49 mg L-1 para tebuconazol; 0,001 mg L-1 a 3,27 mg L-1 para ciproconazol e 0,004 mg L-1 a 3,89 mg L-1 para metconazol. As medianas de DE50 para todos os fungicidas avaliados foram inferiores a 0,5 mg L-1, nas três safras. As correlações (r) entre as DE50 dos quatro fungicidas foram significativas (p
- Published
- 2015
25. Diagrammatic scale for assessment of soybean rust severity
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Cláudia Vieira Godoy, Marcelo Giovanetti Canteri, and Lucimara Junko Koga
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Phakopsora pachyrhizi ,Glycine max ,Scale (ratio) ,biology ,Plant Science ,avaliação de doenças ,biology.organism_classification ,Scale validation ,disease assessment ,Botany ,Statistics ,Disease assessment ,Soybean rust ,Asian soybean rust - Abstract
A diagrammatic scale to assess soybean (Glycine max) rust severity, caused by the fungus Phakopsora pachyrhizi, was developed in this study. Leaflets showing different severity levels were collected for determination of the minimum and maximum severity limits; intermediate levels were determined according to "Weber-Fechner's stimulus-response law". The proposed scale showed the levels of 0.6; 2; 7; 18; 42, and 78.5%. Scale validation was performed by eight raters (four inexperienced and four experienced), who estimated the severity of 44 soybean leaflets showing rust symptoms, with and without the use of the scale. Except for rater number eight, all showed a tendency to overestimate severity without the aid of the diagrammatic scale. With the scale, the raters obtained better accuracy and precision levels, although the tendency to overestimate was maintained. Experienced raters were more accurate and precise than inexperienced raters, and assessment improvements with the use of the scale were more significant for inexperienced raters. Uma escala diagramática para avaliação da severidade da ferrugem da soja (Glycine max), causada pelo fungo Phakopsora pachyrhizi, foi desenvolvida nesse trabalho. Folíolos com severidade em diferentes níveis foram coletados para determinação dos limites mínimos e máximos e os níveis intermediários foram determinados de acordo com a "lei do estímulo visual de Weber-Fechner". A escala proposta apresentou os níveis de 0,6; 2; 7; 18; 42 e 78,5 %. A validação da escala foi realizada por oito avaliadores (quatro sem experiência e quatro com experiência), os quais estimaram a severidade de 44 folíolos de soja com sintomas de ferrugem, com e sem a utilização da escala. Com exceção do avaliador oito, todos apresentaram tendência de superestimar a severidade sem auxílio da escala diagramática. Com a escala, os avaliadores obtiveram melhores níveis de acurácia e precisão, embora a tendência para superestimiva tenha se mantido. Avaliadores experientes foram mais acurados e precisos do que avaliadores inexperientes, sendo a melhora nas avaliações com o uso da escala mais significativa para os avaliadores inexperientes.
- Published
- 2006
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
26. Escala diagramática para avaliação da severidade da mancha branca em milho
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Luís Guilherme Sachs, Carmen Silvia Vieira Janeiro Neves, Marcelo Giovanetti Canteri, and Paula Jimena Diniz Sachs
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Veterinary medicine ,Webber-Fechner ,Plant Science ,lcsh:Plant culture ,Biology ,biology.organism_classification ,Zea mays ,Scale validation ,estímulo visual ,lcsh:QK1-989 ,Severity assessment ,feosféria ,lcsh:Botany ,Leaf spot ,Phaeosphaeria maydis ,lcsh:SB1-1110 - Abstract
The Dia grammatic scales are important tools to standardize the severity assessments of pla nt disea ses. T he objective of this work was to develop a nd to va lida te a dia gra mma tic sca le for severity assessment of lea ves spot Ph ae osph ae ria on ma ize. T he proposed scale had the levels of 1; 3; 6; 13, 25; 43; 63 and 79% of severity in the third medium part of the maize leaf. Scale validation was performed by ten raters (five inexperienced and five experienced), who estimated the severity disease in 50 maize leafs showing Pha eosp haeria leaf spot symptoms, with a nd without the u se of the sca le. Ana lyses of Sachs, P.J.D.; Neves, C.C.S.V.J.; Canteri, M.G.; Sachs, L.G. Diagrammatic scale for assesment of the phaeosphaeria leaf spot severity in maize. Summa Phytopathologica, v.37, n.4, p.202-204, 2011. regression wa s used to eva lu ate the precision and accuracy of the estimates. The evaluation of the accuracy indicated that without the use of the scale seven raters had presented systematic shunting lines in the estimates, whereas with the use of the scale they was only two ra ters. T he precision represented for coefficient of determina tion (r 2) of the regressions, varied of 0.86 the 0.95 for the inexperienced ra ters withou t sca le a nd 0 .9 1 the 0 .9 8 with sca le. T he proposa l dia gra mma tic sca le improved the precision a nd a ccu ra cy of the estimates, independent of the experience of the ra ters.
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- 2011
- Full Text
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27. Validação de escala diagramática para estimativa de desfolha provocada pela ferrugemasiática em soja
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Marceli Hikishima, Alexandre José da Silva, Sheila Ariana Xavier, Marcelo Giovanetti Canteri, and Mario Hirano
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biology ,Phakopsora pachyrhizi ,Computer software ,Plant Science ,biology.organism_classification ,Humanities - Abstract
Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a precisão e acurácia de avaliadores com o uso de escala diagramática, em estimativas de desfolha provocada por doenças em soja. A escala apresenta seis níveis de severidade de desfolha (5, 15, 45, 65, 85 e 100%). As imagens utilizadas para avaliação foram obtidas em parcelas atacadas por ferrugem asiática (Phakopsora pachyrhizi), apresentando diferentes níveis de desfolha. A validação foi feita por dez avaliadores, utilizando-se como parâmetro de comparação dados reais da área com cobertura foliar, obtidos através de processamento de imagens, nos softwares Paint Shop Pro 4, e Adobe Photoshop 7.0. Quando não foi utilizada a escala, os avaliadores apresentaram tendência de subestimar a severidade de desfolha nos níveis mais baixos e de superestimar em níveis altos. A acurácia e precisão dos avaliadores aumentaram com o auxílio da escala diagramática.
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
28. Genotypic resistance and monitoring of favorability for the occurrence of orange rust in sugarcane
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Ciro Hideki Sumida, Thiago Alexandre Santana Gilio, Rafael Altrão Neubauer, Paulo Bonfim Sanches, Kelly Lana Araújo, E. A. Giglioti, and Marcelo Giovanetti Canteri
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biology ,Integrated management ,Sugar cane ,Melhoramento genético ,Plant Science ,Orange (colour) ,lcsh:Plant culture ,biology.organism_classification ,lcsh:QK1-989 ,Horticulture ,lcsh:Botany ,Genotype ,Botany ,lcsh:SB1-1110 ,Manejo integrado ,epidemiology ,genetic breeding ,Puccinia kuehnii ,Epidemiologia - Abstract
A ferrugem alaranjada é atualmente uma das principais doenças da cana-de-açúcar. Redução na produtividade de genótipos suscetíveis e intermediários superiores a 40% foram registradas em muitos países, inclusive no Brasil. Este trabalho foi desenvolvido com o objetivo de monitorar os principais genótipos de cana-de-açúcar plantados no Brasil, sob alta pressão de inóculo, quanto à ocorrência e ao desenvolvimento da ferrugem alaranjada. O experimento foi conduzido em área experimental da Usina Univalem, do Grupo Raízen S.A., localizada em Valparaíso (SP). O delineamento experimental utilizado foi em blocos casualizados, com 38 tratamentos (genótipos) e quatro repetições. Cada parcela foi constituída por três linhas de cinco metros, espaçadas de 1,4m. Entre cada parcela foi incluída uma linha do genótipo CV14, suscetível à ferrugem alaranjada. A partir da emergência das plantas, todas as parcelas foram monitoradas mensalmente para determinar o início do aparecimento dos sintomas da doença. Depois de constatados os primeiros sintomas, a severidade da ferrugem alaranjada foi quantificada mensalmente na folha +3 em três plantas por parcela. Os meses mais favoráveis para ocorrência da doença foram Fevereiro, Março, Abril e Maio. Foram observados sintomas da ferrugem alaranjada nos genótipos CTC 9, CV 14, RB93-5641, SP842025, RB72-454, SP89-1115, SP81-3250, RB85-5156, CTC 15, RB92-579, SP83-2847 e RB92-5211. Os genótipos SP84-2025 e CV 14 foram os mais suscetíveis à doença. Este trabalho contribui para aperfeiçoar o manejo integrado da ferrugem alaranjada no Brasil, além de auxiliar os programas de melhoramento visando à obtenção de novas variedades resistentes à doença. Currently, orange rust is one of the major diseases affecting sugar cane. Yield losses above 40% have been recorded for susceptible and intermediate genotypes in different countries, including Brazil. This study was developed with the aim of monitoring the major sugar cane genotypes grown in Brazil under high inoculum pressure for the occurrence and the development of orange rust. The experiment was conducted in an experimental field of Univalem Plant, Group "Raizen S.A.", located in Valparaiso (São Paulo State). The adopted experimental design was in randomized blocks with 38 treatments (genotypes) and four replicates. Each plot consisted of three lines of five meters, spaced 1.4 m apart. A line of genotype CV14, susceptible to orange rust, was included between each plot. From plant emergence, all plots were monthly monitored to determine the onset of symptoms. Once the first symptoms were noted, the severity of orange rust was monthly quantified on leaf +3 in three plants per plot. The most favorable months for the occurrence of this disease were February, March, April and May. Orange rust symptoms were observed for genotypes CTC 9, CV 14, RB93-5641, SP84-2025, RB72-454, SP89-1115, SP81-3250, RB85-5156, CTC 15, RB92579, SP83-2847 and RB92-5211. Genotypes SP84-2025 and CV 14 were most susceptible to the disease. This study contributes to improving the integrated management of orange rust in Brazil and assists breeding programs aimed at producing new varieties resistant to this disease.
- Published
- 2013
29. Inibição micelial in vitro de Sclerotinia sclerotiorum por fungicidas
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Felipe André Araújo, Marcelo Giovanetti Canteri, Debora Fonseca Chagas, Douglas Casaroto Peitl, Idenize Pedrina Orsini, Ciro Hideki Sumida, and Fabiana Tibolla
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Horticulture ,lcsh:Botany ,QK1-989 ,Botany ,Plant culture ,lcsh:SB1-1110 ,Plant Science ,lcsh:Plant culture ,Biology ,lcsh:QK1-989 ,SB1-1110 - Abstract
Departamento de Agronomia - Universidade Estadual de Londrina (UEL), Rod. Celso Garcia Cid. (PR 445), Km 380, CP 6001, CEP 86051-990. Londrina, PR. Autor para correspondencia: Ciro Hideki Sumida (cirosumida@hotmail.com)Data de chegada: 23/08/2013. Aceito para publicacao em: 18/02/2014. 1916
- Published
- 2014
30. Models and applications for risk assessment and prediction of Asian soybean rust epidemics
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Erlei Melo Reis, Marcelo Giovanetti Canteri, Cláudia Vieira Godoy, Emerson M. Del Ponte, and Xiao-Bing Yang
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Phakopsora pachyrhizi ,biology ,business.industry ,Soja ,Disease forecasting ,food and beverages ,modelos de simulação de epidemias ,aerobiologia de fungos ,Plant Science ,biology.organism_classification ,Rust ,Fungal aerobiology ,Biotechnology ,Disease simulation models ,Doença de planta ,Risk assessment ,Temporal scales ,business ,Ferrugem ,Asian soybean rust ,previsão de doenças de plantas - Abstract
Asian rust of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merril] is one of the most important fungal diseases of this crop worldwide. The recent introduction of Phakopsora pachyrhizi Syd. & P. Syd in the Americas represents a major threat to soybean production in the main growing regions, and significant losses have already been reported. P. pachyrhizi is extremely aggressive under favorable weather conditions, causing rapid plant defoliation. Epidemiological studies, under both controlled and natural environmental conditions, have been done for several decades with the aim of elucidating factors that affect the disease cycle as a basis for disease modeling. The recent spread of Asian soybean rust to major production regions in the world has promoted new development, testing and application of mathematical models to assess the risk and predict the disease. These efforts have included the integration of new data, epidemiological knowledge, statistical methods, and advances in computer simulation to develop models and systems with different spatial and temporal scales, objectives and audience. In this review, we present a comprehensive discussion on the models and systems that have been tested to predict and assess the risk of Asian soybean rust. Limitations, uncertainties and challenges for modelers are also discussed. A ferrugem Asiática da soja [Glycine max (L.) Merril] é atualmente uma das mais importantes doenças foliares dessa cultura no mundo. A recente introdução de seu agente causal, o fungo Phakopsora pachyrhizi Syd. & P. Syd, nas Américas representa uma grande ameaça à sojicultura nas principais regiões produtoras do mundo, onde perdas significativas foram relatadas. A ferrugem Asiática da soja é uma doença extremamente agressiva sob condições ambientais favoráveis, causando rápida desfolha nas plantas e danos à produção de grãos. O conhecimento epidemiológico sob condições controladas e naturais, os quais visam elucidar os fatores que afetam os processos do ciclo da doença tem sido fundamental para dar base a estudos de modelagem da epidemia. Devido à importância e recente expansão da doença para as principais áreas de produção de soja no mundo, uma nova atenção tem sido dada ao desenvolvimento, avaliação e aplicação de modelos para avaliação de risco e previsão de suas epidemias, valendo-se de avanços recentes no conhecimento epidemiológico, métodos estatísticos e simulação por computador. O conhecimento gerado tem permitido a construção de novos modelos para a previsão e avaliação de risco de doenças, os quais se diferenciam em relação aos parâmetros estimados, escala espacial ou temporal, objetivo e público alvo. Nesta revisão, é apresentada uma discussão detalhada de modelos e sistemas de previsão e avaliação de risco da ferrugem da soja encontrados na literatura, bem como os desafios, limitações e incertezas nas previsões.
- Published
- 2006
31. Efeito da severidade de oídio e crestamento foliar de cercospora na produtividade da cultura da soja
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Cláudia Vieira Godoy and Marcelo Giovanetti Canteri
- Subjects
Erysiphe diffusa ,Horticulture ,biology ,Cercospora kikuchii ,Correlation analysis ,Plant Science ,biology.organism_classification ,duração da área foliar sadia - Abstract
Ensaios de campo foram conduzidos na safra 2002/03, com as cultivares de soja (Glycine max) BRS 133 e BR 16, visando quantificar o efeito das doenças foliares na produtividade da cultura. O delineamento experimental foi blocos ao acaso com seis tratamentos (diferentes níveis de doença) e quatro repetições, sendo cada repetição formada por parcelas de 18 m². Diferentes épocas e números de aplicações de fungicida (difenoconazole + propiconazole) foram utilizados para criar um gradiente de doença. Foram realizadas avaliações semanais da severidade de doenças e do índice de área foliar, utilizando o analisador de dossel (Li-Cor®). A produtividade foi quantificada nos 4 m² centrais das parcelas. As doenças predominantes no ensaio foram oídio e crestamento de cercospora. A severidade de doença, nos estádios R6 (vagens com sementes verdes que preenchem totalmente a cavidade), e R7 (início a 50% de amarelecimento de folhas e vagens) apresentou uma correlação negativa significativa com a produtividade, utilizando-se regressão linear. As variáveis integrais área abaixo da curva de progresso da doença (AACPD), obtida a partir da integração das curvas de progresso das doenças, e duração da área foliar sadia (DAFS), obtida a partir da integração do índice de área foliar sadia, foram relacionadas à produtividade, havendo correlação negativa com AACPD, utilizando-se regressão linear (R²=0,67 para BRS 133 e 0,69 para BR16) e positiva com DAFS, utilizando-se o modelo monomolecular (R²=0,76 para BRS 133 e 0,62 para BR 16). Field trials were carried out in 2002/03, with soybean (Glycine max) cultivars BRS 133 and BR 16, to evaluate the effect of foliar diseases on yield. The experimental design was complete randomized blocks with six treatments (different levels of disease) and four replications with plots of 18 m². Different times and numbers of applications of fungicide (difenoconazole + propiconazole) were used to generate a disease gradient. Disease severity and leaf area index were assessed weekly. Yield was estimated on central rows of the plots. Powdery mildew and cercospora blight were the predominant diseases in these trials. Disease severity at R6 (pods with full sized green beans) and R7 (pods yellowing, 50% of leaves yellowing) presented a significant negative linear correlation with yield. The relationship between the area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC) and healthy leaf area duration (HAD) and yields were investigated. The AUDPC presented a negative linear correlation with yield (R²=0.67 for BRS 133 and 0.69 for BR16) and a positive correlation with HAD, when a monomolecular model was used (R²=0.76 for BRS 133 and 0.62 for BR 16).
- Published
- 2004
32. Efeitos protetor, curativo e erradicante de fungicidas no controle da ferrugem da soja causada por Phakopsora pachyrhizi, em casa de vegetação
- Author
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Cláudia Vieira Godoy and Marcelo Giovanetti Canteri
- Subjects
biology ,Glycine max ,food and beverages ,macromolecular substances ,Plant Science ,ferrugem asiática ,biology.organism_classification ,Fungicide ,Horticulture ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,chemistry ,Agronomy ,Azoxystrobin ,Phakopsora pachyrhizi ,Strobilurin ,Spore germination ,Epoxiconazole ,Soybean rust ,controle químico ,Tebuconazole - Abstract
Os efeitos protetor, curativo e erradicante de fungicidas sistêmicos (azoxystrobin 50 g i.a./ha + nimbus 0,5%, carbendazin 250 g i.a./ha, tebuconazole 100 g i.a./ha, difenoconazole 50 g i.a./ha e epoxiconazole 25 g i.a./ha + pyraclostrobin 66,5 g i.a./ha) foram avaliados em plantas de soja (Glycine max) inoculadas com suspensão de uredósporos de Phakopsora pachyrhizi, em casa de vegetação. Para avaliar o efeito protetor, as plantas foram tratadas com os fungicidas e inoculadas quatro, oito e 14 dias após o tratamento. Os efeitos curativo e erradicante foram avaliados em plantas previamente inoculadas com uma suspensão de uredósporos e tratadas com os fungicidas após dois, quatro e oito dias. A severidade foi quantificada 16 dias após as inoculações. Com exceção do fungicida carbendazin, os demais apresentaram efeito protetor com controle acima de 90%, até oito dias após o tratamento. Plantas inoculadas 14 dias após o tratamento com carbendazin apresentaram severidade estatisticamente semelhante à testemunha sem controle, enquanto as plantas tratadas com os fungicidas dos grupos dos inibidores da biossíntese de ergosterol e com as estrobilurinas apresentaram controle acima de 60%. Nenhum produto mostrou efeito erradicante, quando aplicado durante o período de incubação da doença, no entanto, todos os fungicidas reduziram a severidade da doença e a viabilidade dos uredósporos. Com exceção do carbendazin, todos os fungicidas inibiram acima de 60% a germinação de uredósporos, quando aplicados até oito dias após a inoculação, no período de incubação da doença. Protective, curative and eradicative effects of systemic fungicides (azoxystrobin 50 g a.i./ha + nimbus 0,5%, carbendazin 250 g a.i./ha, tebuconazole 100 g a.i./ha, difenoconazole 50 g a.i./ha e epoxiconazole 25 g a.i./ha + pyraclostrobin 66,5 g a.i./ha) were evaluated in soybean (Glycine max) plants inoculated with a urediniosporal suspension of Phakopsora pachyrhizi, in greenhouse. To evaluate the protective effect plants were treated with fungicides and inoculated four, eight and 14 days after the treatment. To evaluate the curative and eradicative effects, the plants were inoculated with a urediniosporal suspension of P. pachyrhizi and treated with fungicides after two, four and eight days. Disease severity was assessed 16 days after each inoculation. With the exception of the fungicide carbendazin, all of the fungicides inhibited over 90% of urediniosporal germination until eight days after the treatment. Plants inoculated 16 days after the treatment with carbendazin presented severity statistically similar to unsprayed plants, while plants treated with fungicides of ergosterol biosynthesis inhibitors and strobilurin groups showed over 60% germination control. None of the tested fungicides provided an eradicative effect when applied before symptoms developed. However, all treatments reduced disease severity and urediniosporal viability. With the exception of carbendazin, all fungicides inhibited over 60% of urediniosporal germination until eight days after inoculation, in the incubation period of the disease.
- Published
- 2004
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