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Статья посвящена проблеме написания текстов на ясном языке (leichte Sprache). В ней указывается важность применения ясного языка как средства интеграции в общественную жизнь людей различных социальных групп. В данной статье приводятся принципы построения текста на ясном языке, указывается важность понимания отдельных слов и предложений, приводятся правила и даются рекомендации по составлению новостных текстов. При написании статьи используются методы стратификации, сопоставительного анализа, а также описательный метод. Приведенные в статье правила были получены благодаря людям, практикующим ясный язык, который является инструментом включения определенных социальных групп в общественную, культурную, политическую жизнь общества., The article addresses the problem of writing in easy language (leichte Sprache). It points out the importance of using clear language as a means of integrating people of different social groups into society. This article provides principles for constructing a text in easy language, points out the importance of understanding individual words and sentences, gives rules and guidelines for composing news texts. The methods of stratification, comparative analysis as well as descriptive method are used in the article. The rules in the article have been derived from people practising easy language, which is a tool for including certain social groups in the social, cultural and political life of society., Russian Linguistic Bulletin, Выпуск 5 (41) 2023

This article aims to introduce new insights to further the understanding of easy language (EL) and plain language (PL) as examples of tailored language and place them within a broader context of linguistic varieties. We examine EL and PL in relation to standard language, and we consider the degree of conscious effort required in tailoring and the compliance with the codified norms of standard language. Both EL and PL are used in asymmetric communication: PL to mediate between specialists and the general public and EL in communication with people with language barriers. We argue that while these varieties have similar purposes and methods, they also have significant differences; for example, the tailoring moves in opposite directions, as PL seeks general comprehensibility and EL aims to reach special and vulnerable groups. The differences between PL and EL are primarily linked to social prestige and the potential risk of stigma related to their use.

The aim of this paper is to share an experience involving the translation of a scientific text for an audience composed of low-literacy readers. Firstly, the place of interlingual translation within in Translation Studies is presented. After that, some topics of relevance to translators when trying to meet the needs of the readers in their translations are discussed: reading and literacy. Then, an overview of the different ways in which language can be graded – Easy Language and Plain Language – is presented. Finally, the contributions of Text Linguistics, especially the seven textuality factors, are drawn. The material under study consists of the English version of a text originally written in Portuguese, which accompanies an experiment at the Museu de Ciências e Tecnologia da PUCRS (MCT-PUCRS) in Porto Alegre, Brazil. As we looked at the English version of that text, using the theories presented, we can see the evidence of the textuality factors in the production of an easy or plain text that can be understood by the target audience. At the end, the role of translators as mediators is reinforced, as they play an important role in bridging the gap between languages and cultures, but also in breaking the internal barriers of a language. Este trabalho apresenta uma experiência de tradução interlinguística envolvendo um texto de divulgação científica para uma audiência composta por leitores com baixo letramento. Primeiramente, situa-se a tradução interlinguística em meio aos Estudos da Tradução. Na sequência, tratam-se sobre questões relevantes para o tradutor no atendimento às especificidades do leitor consumidor da tradução: leitura e letramento. Logo após, apresentam- características da Linguagem Facilitada e Linguagem Simplificada, como diferentes níveis de gradação da linguagem. A partir daí, resgatam-se as contribuições da Linguística Textual, em especial os sete fatores de textualidade. O material sob estudo inclui a versão em inglês de um texto originalmente escrito em português apresentado em uma exposição do Museu de Ciências e Tecnologia da PUCRS (MCT-PUCRS) de Porto Alegre. Ao analisar-se a versão em inglês do referido texto com o aporte teórico apresentado, evidencia-se a relevância dos fatores de textualidade na produção de um texto facilitado ou simplificado que seja entendível pela sua audiência consumidora. Ao final, reforça-se o papel do tradutor como mediador, investido de uma importante função na interlocução entre línguas e culturas, mas também na transposição de barreiras internas de uma língua.

The need to communicate with citizens in an understandable way is of paramount importance, not only for public administrations but also for private companies. In the present article we show that the Netherlands and Germany have made considerable progress in the field of language simplification by developing a fair amount of theoretical and practical knowledge, which has given rise to a plethora of stakeholders and knowledge centres specialized in this type of communication. All these efforts are also linked to the struggle against low levels of literacy, which have an enormous negative impact on all areas of human life governed by public administration. In order to verify the level of simplified language in the Dutch and German health sector, we have analysed some examples of public information on the subject of COVID-19, which turned out to be an interesting test case for institutional communication in plain and easy language. This whole issue is very relevant for traditional translators as well, not only for the common need of getting the message across to one’s audience, but also because of the similarities of translational operations involved.

This paper investigates the history and current situation of Easy and Plain Language in Germany. The development over the last decade has been breathtaking with its arrival in academia in both research and teaching. We give an overview of the development in Easy and Plain Language research and the translation and interpreting market that was decisively pushed by the developments within the legal requirements. At the moment, we are witnessing a professionalisation of text creation processes with inclusive forms of text production being required by the market, which leads to a vibrant supply and demand situation. After providing an outline of Easy and Plain Language research and academic teaching in Germany, the paper also addresses new conceptual developments: Easy Language Plus offers the possibility to create highly comprehensible yet acceptable texts with the option to tailor them to the needs and expectations of target user groups. We illustrate this development using the example of Sign Language-oriented Easy Language Plus.

This article analyses the role of easy and plain language techniques as means for making organisations’ websites accessible. The authors consider plain language as a tool for ensuring information accessibility for the «mass reader» and easy language as a means of ensuring information accessibility for people with special needs (mental disorders, migration background, people of retirement age, and so on). The authors provide statistics on the number of potential readers that fall into each category. The authors consider the international experience, theoretical and practical data, as well as the scientific, practical background and prospects in Russia. Настоящая статья посвящена анализу роли ясного и простого языков как средств обес-печения доступности сайтов организаций. Авторы рассматривают простой язык как средство обеспечения доступности информации для массового читателя и ясный язык как средство обеспечения доступности информации для людей с особыми потребностями (ментальными нарушениями, миграционным прошлым, людей пенсионного возраста). В статье приводятся данные статистики о количестве потенциальных читателей, которые относятся к каждой категории. Авторы рассматривают существующий зарубежный опыт, теоретические и практиче-ские разработки, а также имеющийся научный, практический задел и перспективы развития в России.