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Organic–inorganic perovskites photovoltaic materials are considered as one of the promising candidates for the emerging photovoltaic (PV) sector. It has drawn tremendous attention from fundamental research and PV industries, due to its high efficiency, chemical properties, and low fabrication cost. But, its lifetime under real field operation is always the major obstacle toward commercialization. Potential‐induced degradation (PID) is known as the common reliable threat in the established commercial PV technologies which lead to catastrophic failure within a short time. Thus, it is essential to enable reliability assessment of PID on the precommercial development stage of perovskite photovoltaics to further enrich the confidence by identifying, eliminating, and developing an understanding of the possible degradation mechanism in the field condition. In this article, different architecture‐based perovskite solar cells are studied to reveal the degradation mechanism under PID for the first time. The results show that PSCs of n–i–p with a phenyl C61 butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) layer have good stability under PID compared with other treated structures with only 4% degradation after 18 h. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A solid-state mesoporous titanium dioxide (mTiO 2 ) layer based hetero-junction solar cell, employing nanoparticles (NPs) of methyl ammonium lead iodide perovskite (CH 3 NH 3 PbI 3 ) as light harvesters has been studied. The optimum performance parameters of CH 3 NH 3 PbI 3 are observed as a function of sintering temperature and confirmed by X-ray diffraction analysis and UV–vis spectrophotometry. A solid-state solar cell with the sandwich structure of mTiO 2 /CH 3 NH 3 PbI 3 /Graphite paste showed a power conversion efficiency of 1.11% tested under standard Air Mass 1.5 Global (1000 W m −2 , AM1.5G) solar spectrum. Two-diode model is used to explore the performance limiting factors of the developed solid-state perovskite solar cell. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the current evolution in artificial intelligence technology, biodegradable biomimetic devices are essential to execute increasingly complicated tasks and respond to challenging work environments. Consequently, the integration of artificial nociceptors holds considerable importance in enhancing the capabilities of humanoid robots. Low-dimensional Hybrid organic–inorganic Perovskites (HOIPs) show promise in emulating biological neurons owing to their inherent ion migration properties. In this work, we present Dion-Jacobson hybrid perovskite (BDAPbI 4 (BDA=NH 3 C 4 H 8 NH 3)) diffusive memristor on a paper substrate to serve as an artificial nociceptor. The symmetric electrode configuration as Paper/Ag/PCBM/BDAPbI 4 /PMMA/Ag demonstrates low operating voltage diffusive memristor with an ON/OFF ratio of ∼103. The surface investigation of device before top electrode deposition via X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy XPS and electrical characteristics of the complete device reveal the interplay between Schottky barrier at BDAPbI 4 /Ag interface and conductive filament formation/rupture within active layer as the origin of the abrupt resistive switching. The characteristics of the diffusive memristor resemble those of biological nociceptors, displaying sensitivity to external stimuli and key attributes such as threshold response, lack of adaptation, and relaxation. These findings underscore the potential application of Dion-Jacobson hybrid perovskites (BDAPbI 4) as diffusive memristors in future neuromorphic intelligence systems. [Display omitted] • Paper based artificial nociceptor devices are idel for green electronics. • Dion Jacobson hybrid perovskite is an excellent choice as resistive switching meadim. • We show the resistance switching ratio ∼103 at low operating voltage. • The complex interplay between Schottky emission and formation/rupture of conducting filament is the origin of resistive switching. • Devices show threshold response, lack of adaptation, and relaxation, analogues to the biological nociceptor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This work describes the role of relative humidity (R.H.) on the performance degradation of methyl-ammonium lead-iodide (CH 3 NH 3 PbI 3 ) based hole transport material (HTM) free hetero-junction perovskite solar cell. It has been observed that the power conversion efficiency (η) of perovskite solar cells decreases from 4.52% to 1.28% with increases in R.H. from <40% to 75%. A semi-analytical optoelectronic model is further developed to explore the effect of humidity on performance limiting parameters, i.e. absorption coefficient, diffusion length. The shunt resistance decreases whereas space charge region width and series resistance increases with respect to the increase in R.H. from <40% to 75%. The charge carrier losses through recombination, spatial relaxation and thermalization are also analysed and found to increase from 76% at <40%R.H to 84% at 75%R.H. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A perovskite heterojunction solar cell is fabricated with architecture of hole transport material (HTM) free discrete electrode. The morphological, structural and optical properties are studied by FESEM, XRD and UV–Vis spectrophotometry techniques. A single diode model has been used to investigate the cell characteristics. The interface between TiO 2 and CH 3 NH 3 PbI 3 layer is found analogous to Schottky diode that acts as a heterojunction for excitation and dissociation of charge carriers due to the existence of an internal electric field at the junction. The SCAPS simulation is done to explore the role of interface defects and band offsets. Device simulation has shown an improvement of 16%, 6% and 25% in V OC , FF and η respectively with incorporation of the HTM layer in device structure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present work describes a method for the development of hole-transport material (HTM) free, solution processable perovskite solar cell under ambient air conditions. This study mainly focuses on the working mechanism of the perovskite solar cell using impedance spectroscopy and current–voltage ( I – V ) techniques. Impedance spectroscopy reveals various interfacial processes in terms of resistive and capacitive elements, which provided an insight into the charge transport through the junction and bulk of the FTO–perovskite solar cell. The study also provides a new architecture of pervoskite solar cell, where in conducting polymer (poly-aniline) as a hole-extraction electrode increases the efficiency by 21% relative to FTO electrode. This article systematically explains the bridging and trapping effects within the perovskite solar cells for the first time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]