Temperature induced structural, electrical and optical changes in solution processed perovskite material: Application in photovoltaics.

A solid-state mesoporous titanium dioxide (mTiO 2 ) layer based hetero-junction solar cell, employing nanoparticles (NPs) of methyl ammonium lead iodide perovskite (CH 3 NH 3 PbI 3 ) as light harvesters has been studied. The optimum performance parameters of CH 3 NH 3 PbI 3 are observed as a function of sintering temperature and confirmed by X-ray diffraction analysis and UV–vis spectrophotometry. A solid-state solar cell with the sandwich structure of mTiO 2 /CH 3 NH 3 PbI 3 /Graphite paste showed a power conversion efficiency of 1.11% tested under standard Air Mass 1.5 Global (1000 W m −2 , AM1.5G) solar spectrum. Two-diode model is used to explore the performance limiting factors of the developed solid-state perovskite solar cell. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]