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A growing number of parents-particularly middle- and upper-middle-class parents- are working to fill budgetary gaps through their fundraising, grant writing, and volunteerism in urban public schools. Yet little is known about how this may shape norms and practices related to parental engagement within particular schools. Drawing from a case study of an elementary school undergoing demographic shifts in its student population, this article examines the scope and consequences of middle-class parents' collective engagement. The research reveals that parents brought new resources and educational opportunities to the school, yet their engagement through the parent-teacher organization (PTO) and the school's reliance on their contributions engendered tensions and exacerbated existing status positions among parents. The findings highlight the limitations of positioning middle-class parental engagement as a key intervention strategy in urban education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Scallywags is a community‐based, early intervention programme for young children (aged 3–7) with behavioural, emotional and social problems, which integrates work in the home and school with a parenting curriculum and direct work with children. A pre‐post intervention study across multi‐sites of 340 participants is reported. Using standardised measures, the study found statistically significant reductions in problems at home and school experienced by children who completed the programme, and in parental stress levels. Participation was found to be high and the project acceptable to parents, many of whom would be described as hard to reach. The rigorous evaluation of this real‐life service and its positive outcomes highlight the potential of such programmes to tackle the needs of these children and families, and help prevent longer‐term problems associated with early onset behavioural problems, including social exclusion, antisocial behaviour and educational failure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Eleven parents of a high school in Tennessee agreed to evaluate their local high school program using the newly developed "ParentTeacher Association High School Evaluation Scale (PHSES) under the conditions that their names and identity not be released. The study shows that their opinions of the accountability of local high school is somewhat the same as other parents of other high schools, and that schools are not up to what might considered to be average for an ideal high school in relation to the present state of the art in learning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]