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Context: Variations in the fat mass and obesity-associated gene (FTO) has been associated with obesity in many populations, but the results are conflicting., Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the rs9939609 polymorphism in the FTO gene on obesity risk and plasma leptin, adiponectin, insulin and lipid concentrations in Tunisians., Materials and Methods: Four hundred and ninety-four subjects with obesity and 334 non-obese participated in this study. The rs9939609 (T/A) genotype was determined by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method., Results: Significant differences in genotype frequencies were observed between cases and controls. In the separate analysis by gender, the association between the AA genotype and obesity was statistically significant in women but not in men. After stratification by obesity class this association remains only with obesity class III., Discussion: Our study is in agreement with studies on Caucasian, Portuguese and Cebu Filipino populations where a gender-specific association was found between rs9939609 polymorphism and obesity. It is also in agreement with studies on Mexican, Spanish and European populations, where an association was found with obesity class III., Conclusion: The rs9939609 polymorphism of FTO gene is associated with obesity, especially obesity class III in women.

Objectives: This study was undertaken to investigate the impact of the Pro12Ala (rs1801282) polymorphism of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma-2 (PPARgamma-2) gene on obesity or body mass index (BMI) and plasma leptin, insulin, adiponectin and lipid levels in a sample of the Tunisian population., Design and Methods: The study included 387 obese patients and 288 control subjects. The Pro12Ala genotype was determined by polymerase chain reaction followed by a digestion with the restriction of endonuclease BstUI., Results: In the whole population, there is no significant difference in genotype frequencies of the Pro12Ala polymorphism between obese patients and controls. However, separate analysis by gender revealed that obese men (but not women) had significantly higher frequency of Pro/Ala genotypes compared to controls (12.2% vs. 4.1%; chi(2)=6.76, p=0.009). In comparison to Pro/Pro homozygotes, Ala-allele bearers had a significantly higher risk of obesity [OR (95% CI)=3.26 (1.28-8.33)]. When obese subjects were stratified according to type 2 diabetes status, the association with obesity was only significant in obese non-diabetic patients [OR (95% CI)=3.74 (1.43-9.74), p=0.007]. Additionally, obese male patients carrying the Ala-allele had significantly higher body mass index (p=0.007) and plasma leptin levels (p=0.023) compared to those homozygous for Pro-allele. The significant effect of Pro12Ala polymorphism on plasma leptin levels disappeared after adjustment for age and BMI., Conclusion: The present study provides evidence that the Pro12Ala polymorphism of the PPARgamma-2 gene is associated with obesity in non-diabetic men from Tunisian origin.

Résumé Objectifs de l'étude Évaluer les effets de la chirurgie bariatrique sur les paramètres anthropométriques et métaboliques chez des sujets tunisiens obèses morbides. Méthodes Il s'agit d'une étude rétrospective qui a inclus 47 sujets ayant une obésité morbide et qui ont bénéficié d'une chirurgie bariatrique entre 2004 et 2012. L'âge moyen était de 36,5 ± 8,9 ans et le sex-ratio de 0,08. Les données cliniques et paracliniques pré et post-opératoires ont été relevées à partir des dossiers médicaux des patients. Résultats La perte moyenne de l'excédent pondéral (PEP) était de 50,6 % [17,9–99,8]. Le taux d'échec (PEP < 25 %) était de 21,3 %. Le by-pass gastrique était l'intervention qui a permis d'obtenir les meilleurs résultats en termes de perte de poids (PEP de 63,4 %), suivi de la pose d'un anneau gastrique (PEP = 54,5 %) et de la sleeve gastrectomie (PEP = 40,8 %). Les taux de rémission de l'hypertension artérielle, du diabète de type 2, de l'hypercholestérolémie, de l'hypertriglycéridémie et de l'hyperuricémie étaient respectivement de 40 %, de 75 %, de 17 %, de 75 % et de 68 %. Conclusion Notre étude a prouvé l'efficacité de la chirurgie bariatrique chez nos patients obèses morbides dans l'obtention d'une PEP significative et dans la rémission des comorbidités. Abstract Aims of the study To investigate the effect of bariatric surgery on anthropometric and metabolic parameters in morbidly obese Tunisian subjects. Methods It is a retrospective study including 47 morbidly obese patients who have had a bariatric surgery between 2004 and 2012. The mean age was 36.5 ± 8.9 years and the sex ratio 0.08. Pre- and post-operative clinical and paraclinical parameters were collected from patients' medical records. Results Mean excess weight loss (EWL) was 50.6% [17.9–99.8]. Failure rate (EWL < 25%) was 21.3%. Gastric bypass surgery was the intervention which led to the best weight loss rate (EWL of 63.4%), followed by gastric banding (EWL = 54.5%) and sleeve gastrectomy (EWL = 40.8%). The remission rates from hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia and hyperuricemia were 40%, 75%, 17%, 75% and 68% respectively. Conclusion This study has proven the efficiency of bariatric surgery in morbidly obese Tunisian patients in achieving a significant EWL and in the remission of the comorbidities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]