Search

Your search keyword '"Kong, David F."' showing total 15 results
Start Over Author "Kong, David F." Topic myocardial infarction
15 results on '"Kong, David F."'

1. The incremental value of angiographic features for predicting recurrent cardiovascular events: Insights from the Duke Databank for Cardiovascular Disease.

Author

Nanna MG, Peterson ED, Chiswell K, Overton RA, Nelson AJ, Kong DF, and Navar AM

Subjects
Coronary Angiography, Humans, Predictive Value of Tests, Prognosis, Risk Assessment, Risk Factors, Cardiovascular Diseases diagnostic imaging, Coronary Artery Disease diagnostic imaging, Myocardial Infarction
Abstract

Background and Aims: Identifying patient subgroups with cardiovascular disease (CVD) at highest risk for recurrent events remains challenging. Angiographic features may provide incremental value in risk prediction beyond clinical characteristics., Methods: We included all cardiac catheterization patients from the Duke Databank for Cardiovascular Disease with significant coronary artery disease (CAD; 07/01/2007-12/31/2012) and an outpatient follow-up visit with a primary care physician or cardiologist in the same health system within 3 months post-catheterization. Follow-up occurred for 3 years for the primary major adverse cardiovascular event endpoint (time to all-cause death, myocardial infarction [MI], or stroke). A multivariable model to predict recurrent events was developed based on clinical variables only, then adding angiographic variables from the catheterization. Next, we compared discrimination of clinical vs. clinical plus angiographic risk prediction models., Results: Among 3366 patients with angiographically-defined CAD, 633 (19.2%) experienced cardiovascular events (death, MI, or stroke) within 3 years. A multivariable model including 18 baseline clinical factors and initial revascularization had modest ability to predict future atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease events (c-statistic = 0.716). Among angiographic predictors, number of diseased vessels, left main stenosis, left anterior descending stenosis, and the Duke CAD Index had the highest value for secondary risk prediction; however, the clinical plus angiographic model only slightly improved discrimination (c-statistic = 0.724; delta 0.008). The net benefit for angiographic features was also small, with a relative integrated discrimination improvement of 0.05 (95% confidence interval: 0.03-0.08)., Conclusions: The inclusion of coronary angiographic features added little incremental value in secondary risk prediction beyond clinical characteristics., (Copyright © 2021 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)

Published
2021
Full Text
View/download PDF

2. Nonfatal myocardial infarction and long-term outcomes in coronary artery disease.

Author

Eisenstein EL, Kong DF, Cowper PA, Bae JP, Ramaswamy K, and Anstrom KJ

Subjects
Aged, Cardiac Catheterization, Coronary Artery Disease diagnosis, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Myocardial Infarction complications, North Carolina epidemiology, Registries, Risk Factors, Survival Analysis, Coronary Artery Disease complications, Myocardial Infarction mortality, Myocardial Infarction therapy
Abstract

Background: Therapies may reduce short-term rates of nonfatal myocardial infarction (MI) without a detectable effect on mortality. We sought to estimate the long-term clinical implications of nonfatal MI occurring within the first 3 and 6 months after initial cardiac catheterization., Methods: We included consecutive patients with significant coronary artery disease (≥75% stenosis in ≥1 epicardial segments) undergoing diagnostic catheterization between January 1, 1999, and September 30, 2006. Landmark analyses were performed for patients surviving at 3- and 6-month follow-up. At these times, patients were divided into groups based upon occurrence of a nonfatal MI subsequent to catheterization., Results: Among 14,890 patients alive at 3 months (669 with MI and 14,221 without an MI), having an MI during the initial 3-month period was a significant predictor of reduced 4-year survival (77.1% vs 83.5%, hazard ratio 1.40, 95% CI 1.21-1.63, P < .001), survival free of MI (68.4% vs 78.5%, hazard ratio 1.50, 95% CI 1.32-1.71, P < .001), and survival free of MI or revascularization (59.7% vs 68.5%, hazard ratio 1.34, 95% CI 1.19-1.51, P < .001). Adjusted hazard ratios were similar for patients surviving to 6 months (804 with MI and 13,842 without an MI)., Conclusions: Nonfatal MIs occurring within the first 3 and 6 months after diagnostic catheterization are associated with a significant increase in the risk for subsequent clinical events. Clinical studies with limited follow-up periods may underestimate the long-term value of therapies that reduce early MI rates as downstream benefits continue to accrue over time., (Copyright © 2012 Mosby, Inc. All rights reserved.)

Published
2012
Full Text
View/download PDF

3. Long-term mortality of patients undergoing cardiac catheterization for ST-elevation and non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction.

Author

Chan MY, Sun JL, Newby LK, Shaw LK, Lin M, Peterson ED, Califf RM, Kong DF, and Roe MT

Subjects
Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Coronary Disease mortality, Coronary Disease physiopathology, Coronary Disease therapy, Disease-Free Survival, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Myocardial Infarction physiopathology, Retrospective Studies, Risk Factors, Survival Rate, Time Factors, Cardiac Catheterization, Myocardial Infarction mortality, Myocardial Infarction therapy
Abstract

Background: There are limited contemporary data comparing long-term outcomes after cardiac catheterization for ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and non-STEMI (NSTEMI)., Methods and Results: We studied patients undergoing cardiac catheterization for STEMI (n=2413) and NSTEMI (n=1974) between 1999 and 2005 with at least 1 significant coronary lesion > or =75%. We compared adjusted mortality rates over restricted time intervals and the differential impact of early revascularization on mortality stratified by ST-elevation status. Between 1999 and 2007, 1274 patients died, with a median follow-up of 4 years. A piece-wise analysis showed a higher adjusted mortality risk for STEMI during the first 2 months (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.85; 95% confidence interval, 1.45 to 2.38) and a lower adjusted mortality risk for STEMI after 2 months (adjusted hazard ratio, 0.68; 95% confidence interval, 0.59 to 0.83). Compared with late or no revascularization, early revascularization was associated with a lower adjusted risk of mortality for both STEMI (adjusted hazard ratio, 0.73; 95% confidence interval, 0.58 to 0.90) and NSTEMI (adjusted hazard ratio, 0.76; 95% confidence interval, 0.65 to 0.89) (P for interaction=0.22)., Conclusions: Among a contemporary cohort of acute MI patients with significant coronary disease during cardiac catheterization, STEMI was associated with a higher risk of short-term mortality, but NSTEMI was associated with a higher risk of long-term mortality. Early revascularization was associated with a similar improvement in long-term outcomes for both STEMI and NSTEMI. These data suggest that in clinical investigations of early revascularization among patients with NSTEMI, extended follow-up may be necessary to demonstrate treatment benefit.

Published
2009
Full Text
View/download PDF

4. Elevated body mass index and intermediate-term clinical outcomes after acute coronary syndromes.

Author

Eisenstein EL, McGuire DK, Bhapkar MV, Kristinsson A, Hochman JS, Kong DF, Califf RM, Van de Werf F, Yancy WS Jr, and Newby LK

Subjects
Acute Disease, Aged, Angina, Unstable etiology, Angina, Unstable mortality, Disease-Free Survival, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Myocardial Infarction etiology, Myocardial Infarction mortality, Obesity complications, Obesity mortality, Retrospective Studies, Risk Factors, Survival Rate, Syndrome, Time Factors, Treatment Outcome, Angina, Unstable therapy, Body Mass Index, Myocardial Infarction therapy
Abstract

Purpose: Obesity is a coronary disease risk factor, but its independent effect on clinical outcomes following acute coronary syndromes has not been quantified. We evaluated the relationship between elevated body mass index (BMI) and 30-day, 90-day, and 1-year clinical outcomes postacute coronary syndromes., Subjects and Methods: Using 15 071 patients (normal weight [BMI = 18.5-24.9 kg/m(2)], overweight [BMI = 25-29.9 kg/m(2)], obese [BMI = 30-34.9 kg/m(2)] or very obese [BMI > or =35 kg/m(2)]) randomized from 1997-1999 in the SYMPHONY (Sibrafiban vs aspirin to Yield Maximum Protection from ischemic Heart events postacute cOroNary sYndromes) and 2nd SYMPHONY trials, we evaluated the relationships between BMI and 30-day, 90-day, and 1-year mortality and 30-day and 90-day death or myocardial infarction., Results: Increasing BMI was associated with younger age, multiple comorbidities, and greater cardiac medication and procedure use; however, systolic function and coronary disease extent were similar for all BMI categories. Unadjusted Kaplan-Meier mortality estimates were higher for normal-weight patients than for all other BMI groups. After multivariable adjustment, the 30-day mortality hazard ratios (95% confidence interval [CI]) were: overweight, 0.66 (95% CI: 0.47 to 0.94); obese, 0.61 (95% CI: 0.39 to 0.97); very obese, 0.89 (95% CI: 0.48 to 1.64). Adjusted hazard ratios were similar for 90-day and 1-year mortality. There were no statistically significant differences among BMI groups in 30-day and 90-day death or myocardial infarction (unadjusted or adjusted)., Conclusion: Overweight and obese BMI classifications were associated with better intermediate-term survival after acute coronary syndromes than normal weight and very obese, but death or myocardial infarction rates were similar. Further study is required to understand the apparent association of overweight and moderate obesity with better intermediate-term outcomes.

Published
2005
Full Text
View/download PDF

5. Aspirin dose and six-month outcome after an acute coronary syndrome.

Author

Quinn MJ, Aronow HD, Califf RM, Bhatt DL, Sapp S, Kleiman NS, Harrington RA, Kong DF, Kandzari DE, and Topol EJ

Subjects
Aged, Drug Administration Schedule, Female, Humans, Ireland, Male, Middle Aged, Proportional Hazards Models, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Stroke mortality, Stroke prevention & control, Treatment Outcome, United States, Anticoagulants administration & dosage, Aspirin administration & dosage, Myocardial Infarction drug therapy, Myocardial Infarction mortality
Abstract

Objectives: This study was designed to compare the efficacy of low and intermediate aspirin doses in acute coronary syndromes., Background: Little is known of the comparative efficacy of low and intermediate aspirin doses in this setting., Methods: We compared six-month death, myocardial infarction (MI), and stroke in patients with unstable angina or acute MI discharged while receiving low (<150 mg) or intermediate (> or =150 mg) aspirin therapy in the GUSTO IIb and PURSUIT trials (n = 20,521). We used multivariable analysis and performed a propensity analysis in order to adjust for baseline imbalances between the groups., Results: Aspirin doses <150 mg were prescribed to 29.9% (6,128) of patients. By six months, 6.4% of the patients (1,310 of 20,521) had a primary event, 6.2% of the patients receiving <150 mg and 6.6% of the patients receiving aspirin doses > or =150 mg (hazard ratio [HR] 1.06 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.94 to 1.19], p = 0.35). After adjusting for baseline imbalances and the propensity score for discharge aspirin dose, there was no effect of aspirin dose on the composite end point at six months (HR 0.92 [95% CI 0.79 to 1.07], p = 0.28). However, the higher aspirin dose was associated with a reduction in six-month MI (HR 0.79 [95% CI 0.64 to 0.98], p = 0.03). The outcome was similar when patients were matched on the basis of the propensity score for aspirin dose (HR for death/MI/stroke 0.94 [95% CI 0.80 to 1.12], p = 0.51), although stroke occurred significantly more frequently among patients receiving the higher aspirin dose (HR 1.74 [95% CI 1.01 to 3.02] p = 0.05) and the effect on MI was no longer apparent., Conclusions: Although these data are non-randomized, they suggest that the aspirin dose upon discharge may influence the clinical course after unstable angina or acute MI.

Published
2004
Full Text
View/download PDF

6. Improved clinical outcomes with abciximab therapy in acute myocardial infarction: a systematic overview of randomized clinical trials.

Author

Kandzari DE, Hasselblad V, Tcheng JE, Stone GW, Califf RM, Kastrati A, Neumann FJ, Brener SJ, Montalescot G, Kong DF, and Harrington RA

Subjects
Abciximab, Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary, Antibodies, Monoclonal adverse effects, Hemorrhage chemically induced, Humans, Immunoglobulin Fab Fragments adverse effects, Myocardial Infarction mortality, Myocardial Infarction therapy, Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors adverse effects, Proportional Hazards Models, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Recurrence, Stents, Antibodies, Monoclonal therapeutic use, Immunoglobulin Fab Fragments therapeutic use, Myocardial Infarction drug therapy, Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors therapeutic use, Platelet Glycoprotein GPIIb-IIIa Complex antagonists & inhibitors
Abstract

Background: Investigations of glycoprotein (GP) IIb/IIIa inhibition in primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) have suggested the efficacy of abciximab in improving clinical and angiographic outcomes, but sample-size limitations and variability in trial design preclude the ability to generalize these results to a broader patient population., Methods: Meta-analytic techniques were used to evaluate clinical outcomes from randomized trials comparing GP IIb/IIIa inhibition with placebo or control therapy in primary PCI for acute myocardial infarction (MI)., Results: In 3266 patients, treatment with abciximab significantly reduced the 30-day composite end point of death, reinfarction, or ischemic or urgent target-vessel revascularization (TVR; odds ratio [OR], 0.54; 95% CI, 0.40-0.72), with trends toward reduced 30-day death and death or reinfarction. Abciximab resulted in an increased likelihood of major bleeding (OR, 1.74; 95% CI, 1.11-2.72). By 6 months, abciximab significantly reduced the occurrence of death, reinfarction, or any TVR (OR, 0.80; 95% CI, 0.67-0.97), and there were positive trends favoring a decrease in mortality alone and the composite of death or reinfarction., Conclusions: Treatment with abciximab significantly reduces early adverse ischemic events, a clinical benefit that is maintained at 6-month follow-up. These findings support the use of adjunctive GP IIb/IIIa inhibition in primary PCI.

Published
2004
Full Text
View/download PDF

7. Meta-analysis of survival with platelet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa antagonists for percutaneous coronary interventions.

Author

Kong DF, Hasselblad V, Harrington RA, White HD, Tcheng JE, Kandzari DE, Topol EJ, and Califf RM

Subjects
Humans, Infusions, Intravenous, Outcome Assessment, Health Care, Platelet Glycoprotein GPIIb-IIIa Complex administration & dosage, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Time Factors, Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary, Myocardial Infarction mortality, Myocardial Infarction therapy, Platelet Glycoprotein GPIIb-IIIa Complex antagonists & inhibitors, Platelet Glycoprotein GPIIb-IIIa Complex therapeutic use, Survival Rate
Abstract

We performed a cumulative meta-analysis of available studies to evaluate the effect of intravenous platelet glycoprotein (GP) IIb/IIIa antagonists on survival at 30 days and 6 months after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Compounds that block the GP IIb/IIIa receptor substantially reduce myocardial infarctions (MIs) and repeat revascularization. We included 12 trials, which enrolled 20,186 patients in all, in the analysis. Overall, 30-day mortality was significantly reduced with GP IIb/IIIa inhibition (odds ratio 0.73, 95% confidence interval 0.55 to 0.96, p = 0.024). Although 10 of the 12 trials showed a beneficial effect of GP IIb/IIIa inhibitor treatment on mortality, no individual trial detected a statistically significant mortality benefit. The 30-day mortality benefit became significant at the p <0.05 level with addition of the ADMIRAL trial and was further enhanced by the CADILLAC trial. No significant heterogeneity was detected in the collection of trials. At 6 months, the odds ratio was 0.84 (95% confidence interval 0.69 to 1.03, p = 0.087). This survival benefit amounts to preventing approximately 1 of every 3 deaths that occur within 30 days after PCI, saving 2.8 lives/1,000 patients treated (number needed to treat, 357). Thus, patients who undergo PCI can expect significantly lower 30-day mortality, in addition to known reductions in nonfatal MI and repeat procedures, with GP IIb/IIa inhibition. There also is increasing evidence that mortality reductions are preserved at 6 months.

Published
2003
Full Text
View/download PDF

9. Effects of alirocumab on types of myocardial infarction : insights from the ODYSSEY OUTCOMES trial

Author

White, Harvey D., Steg, Ph. Gabriel, Harrington, Robert A., Endsley, Patricia, Gusi Tragant, Gabriel, Benedicto, Amparo, Gonzalez-Juanatey, Carlos, Camprubi Potau, Mercedes, Plaza Perez, Ignacio, Moris De La Tassa, Cesar, Loma-Osorio Rincon, Pablo, Balaguer Recena, Javier, M Escudier, Juan, Constantine, Godwin, Eppinger, Arleen, Haniffa, Ruvaiz, Tissera, Nirmali, Amarasekera, Stanley, Fernando, Nimali, Jayawardena, Jayanthimala, Santharaj, Wijeyasingam, Ekanayaka, Ruvan, Mendis, Sepalika, Senaratne, Vajira, Mayurathan, Gnanamoorthy, Hess, Connie Ng, Sirisena, Thilak, Rajapaksha, Ajantha, Herath, Jagath I., Amarasena, Naomali, Berglund, Stefan, Rasmanis, Gundars, Hagstrom, Emil, Witt, Nils, Mourtzinis, Georgios, Nicol, Peter, Hlatky, Mark A., Hansen, Ole, Romeo, Stefano, Jensen, Steen Agergaard, Torstensson, Ingemar, Ahremark, Ulf, Sundelin, Torbjorn, Moccetti, Tiziano, Mueller, Christian, Mach, Francois, Jordan, Joseph Dedrick, Binder, Ronald, Chiang, Chern-En, Tsai, Wei-Chuan, Ueng, Kwo-Chang, Lai, Wen-Ter, Liu, Ming-En, Hwang, Juey-Jen, Yin, Wei-Hsian, Hsieh, I. Chang, Lin, Wei Hsiang, Knowles, Joshua W., Kuo, Jen-Yuan, Huang, Tsuei-Yuan, Fang, Chih-Yuan, Kaewsuwanna, Pinij, Soonfuang, Wasant, Jintapakorn, Woravut, Sukonthasarn, Apichard, Sritara, Piyamitr, Wongpraparut, Nattawut, Sastravaha, Krisada, Kolls, Bradley J., Sansanayudh, Nakarin, Kehasukcharoen, Wirash, Piyayotai, Dilok, Camsari, Ahmet, Kultursay, Hakan, Guneri, Sema, Mutlu, Bulent, Ersanli, Murat, Demirtas, Mustafa, Kirma, Cevat, Kong, David F., Ural, Ertan, Koldas, Lale, Karpenko, Oleksandr, Prokhorov, Alexander, Vakaluyk, Ihor, Myshanych, Halyna, Reshotko, Dmytro, Batushkin, Valeriy, Rudenko, Leonid, Kovalskyi, Ihor, Leonardi, Sergio, Kushnir, Mykola, Tseluyko, Vira, Mostovoy, Yuriy, Stanislavchuk, Mykola, Kyiak, Yulian, Karpenko, Yuriy, Malynovsky, Yaroslav, Klantsa, Andriy, Kutniy, Oles, Amosova, Ekaterina, Lillis, Linda, Tashchuk, Viktor, Leshchuk, Oleh, Parkhomenko, Alexander, Rishko, Mykola, Kopytsya, Mykola, Yagensky, Andriy, Vatutin, Mykola, Bagriy, Andriy, Barna, Olga M., Ushakov, Olexiy, Jukema, J. Wouter, Lopes, Renato D., Dzyak, Georgiy, Goloborodko, Borys, Rudenko, Anatolii, Trevelyan, Jasper, Zaman, Azfar, Lee, Kaeng, Moriarty, Andrew, Aggarwal, Rajesh K., Clifford, Piers, Wong, Yuk-Ki, Maron, David J., Iqbal, Syed M. R., Subkovas, Eduardas, Braganza, Denise, Sarkar, David, Storey, Robert, Griffiths, Huw, Mcclure, Sam, Muthusamy, Rangasamy, Kurian, John, Levy, Terry, Marcus, Jill, Barr, Craig, Kadr, Honer, Gerber, Robert, Simaitis, Audrius, Soran, Handrean, Mathur, Anthony, Brodison, Adrian, Oliver, Richard, Mudawi, Telal, Reynolds, Timothy, Mathews, Robin, Sharman, David, Butler, Rob, Wilkinson, Peter, Lip, Gregory Y. H., Halcox, Julian, Vardi, Gil, Baldari, Duccio, Brabham, David, Treasure, Charles, Dahl, Charles, Mehta, Rajendra H., Palmer, Bruce, Wiseman, Alan, Khan, Abul, Puri, Sanjeev, Mohart, Ann Elizabeth, Ince, Carlos, Flores, Enrique, Wright, Scott, Cheng, Shi-Chi, Rosenberg, Michael, Mentz, Robert J., Rogers, William Jr., Kosinski, Edward, Forgosh, Les, Waltman, Jonathan, Khan, Misal, Shoukfeh, Mohammad, Dagher, Georges, Lieber, Ira, Kumar, Priya, East, Cara, Moreira, Humberto Graner, Krichmar, Perry, White, Lindsey, Knickelbine, Thomas, Haldis, Thomas, Gillespie, Eve, Suh, David, Arif, Imran, Akhter, Faiq, Carlson, Eric, D'Urso, Michael, Patel, Chetan B., El-Ahdab, Fadi, Nelson, William, Harris, Barry, Cohen, Steven, Carter, Luther, Sabatino, Kenneth, Haddad, Tariq, Malik, Amir, Rao, Sunder, Mulkay, Angel, Pereira, Sabrina Bernardez, Jovin, Ion, Klancke, Kim, Malhotra, Vinay, Devarapalli, Sai K., Koren, Michael, Chandna, Harish, Dodds, George, Janik, Matthew, Moran, Joseph, Sumner, Andrew, Perkins, Lynn, Kobayashi, John, Davis, William, Yazdani, Shahram, Pasquini, John, Thakkar, Maitreya, Vedere, Amarnath, Leimbach, Wayne, Rider, James, Singh, Narendra, Shah, Anil V., Povsic, Thomas J., Moriarty, Patrick M., Janosik, Denise, Pepine, Carl, Berman, Brett, Gelormini, Joseph, Daniels, Christopher, Keating, Friederike, Kondo, Nicholas I., Shetty, Sanjay, Waider, Winfried, Puymirat, Etienne, Takata, Theodore, Abu-Fadel, Mazen, Shah, Vipul, Aggarwal, Rahul, Izzo, Mark, Kumar, Anil, Hattler, Brack, Link, Chad, Bortnick, Anna, Kinzfogl, George, Jones, William Schuyler, Ghitis, Arnold, Larry, John, Teufel, Edward, Kuhlman, Peter, Mclaurin, Brent, Zhang, Wenwu, Thew, Stephen, Abbas, Jalal, White, Matthew, Ranadive, Nandkishore, Shah, Bimal R., Gring, Christian, Henderson, David, Schuchard, Timothy, Farhat, Naim, Kline, Geoffrey, Mahal, Sharan, Whitaker, Jack, Speirs, Shawn, Andersen, Rolf, Daboul, Nizar, Sherwood, Matthew W., Horwitz, Phillip, Jafar, Zubair, Mcgarvey, Joseph Jr., Panchal, Vipul, Voyce, Stephen, Blok, Thomas, Sheldon, William, Azizad, Masoud M., Schmalfuss, Carsten, Picone, Mark, Stringfellow, Kenya, Herzog, William Jr., Lindsey, Jason, Nowins, Rosemary, Lepor, Norman, El Shahawy, Mahfouz, Weintraub, Howard, Irimpen, Anand, May, Wade, Galski, Thomas, Chu, Alan, Sujjavanich, Darin, Mody, Freny, Hodes, Zachary, Fairlamb, James, Lambert, Charles Jr., Raisinghani, Ajit, Abbate, Antonio, King, Marilyn, Carey, Charles, Gerber, Jaime, Younis, Liwa, Toma, Mustafa, Park, Hyeun (Tom, Vidovich, Mladen, Knutson, Thomas, Friedman, Dennis, Chaleff, Fred, Loussararian, Arthur, Kimmelstiel, Carey, Silver, Kevin, Foster, Malcolm, Tonnessen, Glen, Trotter, Charlene, Amlani, Mohamadali, Wali, Andreas, Malozzi, Christopher, Wattanakit, Keattiyoat, O'Donnell, Philip J., Singal, Dinesh, Jaffrani, Naseem, Banuru, Sridhar, Fisher, Daniel, Xenakis, Mark, van Diepen, Sean F. P., Perlmutter, Neal, Bhagwat, Ravi, Strader, James Jr., Akyea-Djamson, Ayim, Labroo, Ajay, Lee, Kwan, Marais, H. John, Claxton, Edmund Jr., Berk, Martin, Rossi, Peter, Mahaffey, Kenneth W., Wilson, Matthew D., Joshi, Parag, Khaira, Ajit S., Kumkumian, Greg, Lupovitch, Steven, Purow, Joshua, Welka, Stephen, Hoffman, David, Fischer, Stuart, Soroka, Eugene, Eagerton, Donald, Yan, Andrew Tze-Kay, Pancholy, Samir, Ray, Michael, Farrar, Michael, Pollock, Stewart, French, William J., Diamantis, Steve, Gimple, Lawrence, Schwartz, Steven, Pereira, Edward, Spriggs, Douglas, Schiavi, Lilia B., Strain, Janet, Vo, Anthony, Chane, Majed, Hall, Jason, Vijay, Nampalli, Lotun, Kapildeo, Lester, F. Martin, Nahhas, Ahed, Pope, Theodore, Nager, Paul, Garrido, Marcelo, Vohra, Rakesh, Bashir, Riyaz, Ahmed, Hinan, Berlowitz, Michael, Fishberg, Robert, Barrucco, Robert, Yang, Eric, Radin, Michael, Sporn, Daniel, Eisenberg, Steven, Alvarisqueta, Andres F., Landzberg, Joel, Mcgough, Martin, Turk, Samir, Schwartz, Michael, Sundram, P. Sandy, Jain, Diwakar, Zainea, Mark, Bayron, Carlos, Karlsberg, Ronald, Lui, Henry, Sassone, Sonia A., Keen, William, Westerhausen, Donald Jr., Khurana, Sandeep, Agarwal, Himanshu, Birchem, Jessica, Penny, William Jr., Chang, Mark, Gilbert, John M., Chalavarya, Gopal, Eaton, Charles, Bordonava, Anselmo P., Schmedtje, John F. Jr., Christenson, Stuart, Denham, Douglas, Macdonell, Alexander, Gibson, Paul, Rahman, Aref, Al Joundi, Tammam, Conrad, Gary, Kotha, Purushotham, Love, Michael, Alves De Lima, Alberto E., Giesler, Gregory, Rubenstein, Howard, Akright, Laura, Schifferdecker, Branislav, Krawczyk, Justine, Wells, Terry, Welker, James, Foster, Robert, Gilmore, Richard, Anderson, Jay, Schmidberg, Jorge M., Jacoby, Douglas, Harris, Bill, Gardner, Geraldine, Dandillaya, Ramprasad, Vora, Kishor, Kostis, John, Hunter, John, Laxson, David, Ball, Eric, Duronto, Ernesto A., Moryusef, Angele, Caruso, Orlando C., Novaretto, Leonardo P., Angel Hominal, Miguel, Montana, Oscar R., Caccavo, Alberto, Gomez Vilamajo, Oscar A., Lorenzatti, Alberto J., Cartasegna, Luis R., Paterlini, Gustavo A., Mackinnon, Ignacio J., Pordy, Robert, Caime, Guillermo D., Amuchastegui, Marcos, Codutti, Oscar R., Jure, Horacio O., Bono, Julio O. E., Hrabar, Adrian D., Vallejos, Julio A., Ahuad Guerrero, Rodolfo A., Novoa, Federico, Patocchi, Cristian A., Roe, Matthew T., Zaidman, Cesar J., Giuliano, Maria E., Dran, Ricardo D., Vico, Marisa L., Carnero, Gabriela S., Guzman, Pablo N., Medrano Allende, Juan C., Garcia Brasca, Daniela F., Bustamante Labarta, Miguel H., Nani, Sebastian, Blumberg, Eduardo D. S., Colombo, Hugo R., Liberman, Alberto, Luciardi, Hector L., Waisman, Gabriel D., Berli, Mario A., Garcia Duran, Ruben O., Cestari, Horacio G., Luquez, Hugo A., Giordano, Jorge A., Tricoci, Pierluigi, Saavedra, Silvia S., Waites, Jonathon H., Collins, Nicholas, Soward, Allan, Hii, Chris L. S., Shaw, James, Arstall, Margaret A., Horowitz, John, Rogers, James F., Colquhoun, David, Zeiher, Andreas M., Flores, Romulo E. Oqueli, Roberts-Thomson, Philip, Raffel, Owen, Lehman, Sam J., Coverdale, Steven G. M., Garrahy, Paul J., Starmer, Gregory, Sader, Mark, Carroll, Patrick A., Zweiker, Robert, Szarek, Michael, Schwartz, Gregory G., Hoppe, Uta, Huber, Kurt, Berger, Rudolf, Weidinger, Franz, Faes, Dirk, Hermans, Kurt, Pirenne, Bruno, Leone, Attilio, Hoffer, Etienne, Vrolix, Mathias C. M., Aylward, Philip E., De Wolf, Luc, Wollaert, Bart, Castadot, Marc, Dujardin, Karl, Beauloye, Christophe, Vervoort, Geert, Striekwold, Harry, Convens, Carl, Roosen, John, Barbato, Emanuele, Drexel, Heinz, Claeys, Marc, Cools, Frank, Terzic, Ibrahim, Barakovic, Fahir, Midzic, Zlatko, Pojskic, Belma, Fazlibegovic, Emir, Durak-Nalbantic, Azra, Vulic, Dusko, Muslibegovic, Adis, Sinnaeve, Peter, Reis, Gilmar, Sousa, Luciano, Nicolau, Jose C., Giorgeto, Flavio E., Silva, Ricardo P., Maia, Lilia Nigro, Rech, Rafael, Rossi, Paulo R. F., Cerqueira, Maria Jose A. G., Duda, Norberto, Dilic, Mirza, Kalil, Renato, Kormann, Adrian, Abrantes, Jose Antonio M., Pimentel Filho, Pedro, Soggia, Ana Priscila, de Santos, Mayler O. N., Neuenschwander, Fernando, Bodanese, Luiz C., Michalaros, Yorghos L., Eliaschewitz, Freddy G., Vidotti, Maria H., Leaes, Paulo E., Botelho, Roberto V., Kaiser, Sergio, Fernandes Manenti, Euler Roberto F., Precoma, Dalton B., Moura Jorge, Jose C., Silva, Pedro G. M. de B., Silveira, Jose A., Saporito, Wladimir, Gotcheva, Nina N., Marin Neto, Jose A., Feitosa, Gilson S., Ritt, Luiz Eduardo F., de Souza, Juliana A., Costa, Fernando, Souza, Weimar K. S. B., Reis, Helder J. L., Machado, Leandro, Aidar Ayoub, Jose Carlos, Goodman, Shaun G., Todorov, Georgi V., Nikolov, Fedya P., Velcheva, Elena S., Tzekova, Maria L., Benov, Haralambi O., Petranov, Stanislav L., Tumbev, Haralin S., Shehova-Yankova, Nina S., Markov, Dimitar T., Raev, Dimitar H., Prieto, Juan-Carlos, Mollov, Mihail N., Kichukov, Kostadin N., Ilieva-Pandeva, Katya A., Ivanova, Raya, Mincheva, Valentina M., Lazov, Petar V., Dimov, Bojidar I., Senaratne, Manohara, Stone, James, Yong, Huo, Kornder, Jan, Pearce, Stephen, Dion, Danielle, Savard, Daniel, Pesant, Yves, Pandey, Amritanshu, Robinson, Simon, Gosselin, Gilbert, Vizel, Saul, Hoag, Gordon, Bhatt, Deepak L., Lopez-Jaramillo, Patricio, Bourgeois, Ronald, Morisset, Anne, Sabbah, Eric, Sussex, Bruce, Kouz, Simon, MacDonald, Paul, Diaz, Ariel, Michaud, Nicolas, Fell, David, Leung, Raymond, Pecin, Ivan, Vuurmans, Tycho, Lai, Christopher, Nigro, Frank, Davies, Richard, Nogareda, Gustavo, Vijayaraghavan, Ram, Ducas, John, Lepage, Serge, Mehta, Shamir, Cha, James, Reiner, Zeljko, Dupuis, Robert, Fong, Peter, Rodes-Cabau, Josep, Fadlallah, Hussein, Cleveland, David, Huynh, Thao, Bata, Iqbal, Hameed, Adnan, Pincetti, Cristian, Potthoff, Sergio, Ostadal, Petr, Acevedo, Monica, Aguirre, Arnoldo, Vejar, Margarita, Yanez, Mario, Araneda, Guillermo, Fernandez, Mauricio, Perez, Luis, Varleta, Paola, Florenzano, Fernando, Huidobro, Laura, Poulsen, Steen Hvitfeldt, Raffo, Carlos A., Olivares, Claudia, Chen, Jiyan, Dong, Yugang, Huang, Weijian, Wang, Jianzhong, Huang, Shi'An, Yao, Zhuhua, Cui, Lan, Lin, Wenhua, Viigimaa, Margus, Sun, Yuemin, Wang, Jingfeng, Li, Jianping, Zhang, Xuelian, Zhu, Hong, Chen, Dandan, Huang, Lan, Dong, Shaohong, Su, Guohai, Xu, Biao, Nieminen, Markku S., Su, Xi, Cheng, Xiaoshu, Lin, Jinxiu, Zong, Wenxia, Li, Huanming, Feng, Yi, Xu, Dingli, Yang, Xinchun, Ke, Yuannan, Lin, Xuefeng, Danchin, Nicolas, Zhang, Zheng, Zheng, Zeqi, Luo, Zhurong, Chen, Yundai, Ding, Chunhua, Zheng, Yang, Li, Xiaodong, Peng, Daoquan, Li, Ying, Wei, Meng, Chumburidze, Vakhtang, Liu, Shaowen, Yu, Yihua, Qu, Baiming, Jiang, Weihong, Zhou, Yujie, Zhao, Xingsheng, Yuan, Zuyi, Guo, Ying, Xu, Xiping, Shi, Xubo, Marx, Nikolaus, Ge, Junbo, Fu, Guosheng, Bai, Feng, Fang, Weiyi, Shou, Xiling, Yang, Xiangjun, Wang, Jian'An, Jaramillo, Nicolas, Vallejo, Gregorio Sanchez, Botia, Diana C. Luna, Bittner, Vera A., Liberopoulos, Evangelos, Lopez, Rodrigo Botero, De Salazar, Dora I. Molina, Bonfanti, Alberto J. Cadena, Higuera, Juan Diego, Silva, Sandra I. Barrera, Lozada, Henry J. Garcia, Arroyo, Julian A. Coronel, Mendoza, Jose L. Accini, Ruiz, Ricardo L. Fernandez, Fernandez, Angela M., Montenegro Valdovinos, Pablo Carlos, Jatin, Fernando G. Manzur, Herazo, Aristides Sotomayor, Parada, Jeffrey Castellanos, Triana, Miguel A. Urina, Spinar, Jindrich, Horak, David, Stasek, Josef, Alan, David, Machova, Vilma, Linhart, Ales, Tse, Hung-Fat, Novotny, Vojtech, Kaucak, Vladimir, Rokyta, Richard, Naplava, Robert, Coufal, Zdenek, Adamkova, Vera, Podpera, Ivo, Zizka, Jiri, Motovska, Zuzana, Marusincova, Ivana, Kiss, Robert Gabor, Svab, Premysl, Heinc, Petr, Kuchar, Jiri, Povolny, Petr, Raungaard, Bent, Clemmensen, Peter, Bang, Lia E., May, Ole, Bottcher, Morten, Hove, Jens D., Xavier, Denis, Frost, Lars, Gislason, Gunnar, Larsen, John, Johansen, Peter Betton, Hald, Flemming, Jeppesen, Jorgen, Nielsen, Tonny, Kristensen, Kjeld S., Walichiewicz, Piotr Maria, Lomholdt, Jens D., Zahger, Doron, Klausen, Ib C., Nielsen, Peter Kaiser, Davidsen, Flemming, Videbaek, Lars, Soots, Mai, Vahula, Veiko, Hedman, Anu, Soopold, Sllar, Martsin, Kaja, Taskinen, Marja-Riitta, Valgimigli, Marco, Porthan, Kimmo, Airaksinen, Juhani K., Juonala, Markus, Kiviniemi, Tuomas, Vikman, Saila, Posio, Pirjo, Taurio, Jyrki, Huikuri, Heikki, Kaikkonen, Kari, Coste, Pierre, Kimura, Takeshi, Ferrari, Emile, Morel, Olivier, Montalescot, Gilles, Barone-Rochette, Gilles, Mansourati, Jacques, Cottin, Yves, Steg, Philippe Gabriel, Leclercq, Florence, Belhassane, Abdelkader, Delarche, Nicolas, Kim, Hyo Soo, Boccara, Franck, Paganelli, Franck, Clerc, Jerome, Schiele, Francois, Aboyans, Victor, Probst, Vincent, Berland, Jacques, Lefevre, Thierry, Khintibidze, Irakli, Shaburishvili, Tamaz, Kim, Sang-Hyun, Pagava, Zurab, Ghlonti, Ramaz, Lominadze, Zaza, Khabeishvili, George, Hemetsberger, Rayyan, Rauch-Kroehnert, Ursula, Stratmann, Matthias, Appel, Karl-Friedrich, Schmidt, Ekkehard, Omran, Heyder, Diaz, Rafael, Erglis, Andrejs, Stellbrink, Christoph, Dorsel, Thomas, Lianopoulos, Emmanouil, Marx, Roger, Zirlik, Andreas, Schellenberg, Detlev, Heitzer, Thomas, Laufs, Ulrich, Gielen, Stephan, Laucevicius, Aleksandras, Winkelmann, Bernhard, Behrens, Steffen, Sydow, Karsten, Simonis, Gregor, Muenzel, Thomas, Werner, Nikos, Leggewie, Stefan, Boecker, Dirk, Braun-Dullaeus, Ruediger, Toursarkissian, Nicole, Kedev, Sasko, Jeserich, Michael, Weissbrodt, Matthias, Schaeufele, Tim, Weil, Joachim, Voeller, Heinz, Waltenberger, Johannes, Natour, Mohammed, Steiner, Stephan, Heidenreich, Lothar, Gremmler, Uwe, Yusoff, Khalid, Killat, Holger, Patsilinakos, Sotiris, Kartalis, Athanasios, Manolis, Athanassios, Sionis, Dimitrios, Skoumas, Ioannis, Athyros, Vasilios, Parthenakis, P. I. Frangkiskos, Hahalis, P. I. Georgios, Ramos Lopez, Gabriel Arturo, Lekakis, John, Xatzitolios, Apostolos, Fausto Ovando, Sergio R., Arango Benecke, Juan L., Rodriguez De Leon, Edgar R., Yan, Bryan P. Y., Siu, David C. W., Turi, Tibor, Merkely, Bela, Alings, Marco, Ungi, Imre, Lupkovics, Geza, Nagy, Lajos, Katona, Andras, Edes, Istvan, Muller, Gabor, Horvath, Ivan, Kapin, Tibor, Falukozy, Jozsef, Halvorsen, Sigrun, Kumbla, Mukund, Sandhu, Manjinder, Annam, Sharath, Proddutur, Naveen Reddy, Premchand, Rajendra K., Mahajan, Ajaykumar, Abhyanakar, Atul D., Kerkar, Prafulla, Govinda, Ravishankar A., Oomman, Abraham, Correa Flores, Roger M., Sinha, Dhurjati, Patil, Sachin N., Kahali, Dhiman, Sawhney, Jitendra, Joshi, Abhijeet B., Chaudhary, Sanjeev, Harkut, Pankaj, Guha, Santanu, Porwal, Sanjay, Jujjuru, Srimannarayana, Sy, Rody G., Pothineni, Ramesh B., Monteiro, Minguel R., Khan, Aziz, Iyengar, Shamanna S., Grewal, Jasprakash Singh, Chopda, Manoj, Fulwani, Mahesh C., Patange, Aparna, Chopra, Vijay K., Goyal, Naresh K., Budaj, Andrzej, Shinde, Rituparna, Manakshe, Gajendra V., Patki, Nitin, Sethi, Sumeet, Munusamy, Vengatesh, Karna, Sunil, Adhyapak, Srilakshmi, Pandurangi, Ulhas, Mathur, Rishabh, Kalashetti, Suhas, Edelberg, Jay M., Morais, Joao, Bhagwat, Ajit, Raghuraman, Bagirath, Yerra, Shiv Kumar, Bhansali, Prasant, Borse, Rohidas, Das, Srihari, Abdullakutty, Jabir, Saathe, Shireesh, Palimkar, Priya, Atar, Shaul, Dorobantu, Maria, Shechter, Michael, Mosseri, Morris, Arbel, Yaron, Lotan, Chaim, Rosenschein, Uri, Katz, Amos, Henkin, Yaakov, Francis, Adi, Klutstein, Marc, Nikolsky, Eugenia, Karpov, Yuri, Turgeman, Yoav, Halabi, Majdi, Kornowski, Ran, Jonas, Michael, Amir, Offer, Rozenman, Yoseph, Fuchs, Shmuel, Hussein, Osamah, Gavish, Dov, Vered, Zvi, Ristic, Arsen D., Caraco, Yoseph, Elias, Mazen, Tov, Naveh, Piovaccari, Giancarlo, De Pellegrin, Annamaria, Guardigli, Gabriele, Licciardello, Giovanni, Auguadro, Carla, Cuccia, Claudio, Salvioni, Alessandro, Chua, Terrance, Musumeci, Giuseppe, Calabro, Paolo, Novo, Salvatore, Faggiano, Pompilio, De Cesare, Nicoletta B., Berti, Sergio, Cavallini, Claudio, Puccioni, Enrico, Galvani, Marcello, Tespili, Maurizio, Murin, Jan, Piatti, Piermarco, Palvarini, Michela, De Luca, Giuseppe, Violini, Roberto, De Leo, Alessandro, Filardi, Pasquale Perrone, Ferratini, Maurizio, Dai, Kazuoki, Kamiya, Haruo, Ando, Kenji, Fras, Zlatko, Takeda, Yoshihiro, Morino, Yoshihiro, Hata, Yoshiki, Kimura, Kazuo, Kishi, Koichi, Michishita, Ichiro, Uehara, Hiroki, Higashikata, Toshinori, Hirayama, Atsushi, Hirooka, Keiji, Dalby, Anthony J., Sakagami, Satoru, Taguchi, Shuichi, Koike, Akihiro, Fujinaga, Hiroyuki, Koba, Shinji, Kozuma, Ken, Kawasaki, Tomohiro, Ono, Yujiro, Shimizu, Masatoshi, Katsuda, Yousuke, Tunon, Jose, Wada, Atsuyuki, Shinke, Toshiro, Ako, Junya, Fujii, Kenshi, Takahashi, Toshiyuki, Sakamoto, Tomohiro, Furukawa, Yutaka, Sugino, Hiroshi, Mano, Toshiaki, Utsu, Noriaki, de Silva, H. Asita, Ito, Kashima, Haraguchi, Takuya, Ueda, Yasunori, Nishibe, Akira, Fujimoto, Kazuteru, Yoon, Jung Han, Park, Hun Sik, Chae, In-Ho, Kim, Moo Hyun, Jeong, Myung Ho, Rha, Seungwoon, Kim, Chongjin, Hong, Taekjong, Busmane, Arija, Pontaga, Natalija, Strelnieks, Aldis, Mintale, Iveta, Sime, Iveta, Petrulioniene, Zaneta, Kavaliauskiene, Roma, Muller, Christian, Jurgaitiene, Ruta, Sakalyte, Gintare, Slapikas, Rimvydas, Norkiene, Sigute, Misonis, Nerijus, Kibarskis, Aleksandras, Kubilius, Raimondas, Bojovski, Stojko, Lozance, Nensi, Kjovkaroski, Aleksandar, Doncovska, Snezana, Ong, Tiong Kiam, Kasim, Sazzli, Maskon, Oteh, Kandasamy, Balachandran, Liew, Houng B., Mohamed, Wan Mohd Izani Wan, Garcia Castillo, Armando, Carrillo Calvillo, Jorge, Fajardo Campos, Pedro, Nunez Fragoso, Juan Carlos, Bayram Llamas, Edmundo Alfredo, Alcocer Gamba, Marco Antonio, Carranza Madrigal, Jaime, Gonzalez Salas, Luis Gerardo, Lopez Rosas, Enrique, Gonzalez Diaz, Belinda, Salcido Vazquez, Eduardo, Nacoud Ackar, Alfredo, Llamas Esperon, Guillermo Antonio, Martinez Sanchez, Carlos Rodolfo, Guerrero De Leon, Maria, Suarez Otero, Rodrigo, Fanghanel Salmon, Guillermo, Perez Rios, Jesus Antonio, Garza Ruiz, Jose Angel, Breedveld, Robert W., Hoogslag, Pieter A. M., Suryapranata, Harry, Oomen, Antonius, Wiersma, Jacobijne J., Van Der Wal, Ruud M. A., Van Huysduynen-Monraats, Pascalle S. Hooft, Karalis, Ioannis, Verdel, Gerardus J. E., Brueren, Bart R. G., Troquay, Roland P. Th, Viergever, Eric P., Al-Windy, Nadea Y. Y., Bartels, Gerard L., Ray, Kausik K., Cornel, Jan H., Hermans, Walter R. M., Herrman, Johannes P. R., Bos, Robert J., Groutars, Reginald G. E. J., Van Der Zwaan, Coenraad C., Kaplan, Refik, Ronner, Eelko, Groenemeijer, Bjorn E., Bronzwaer, Patrick N. A., Liem, Anho A. H., Rensing, Bernard J. W. M., Bokern, Marcel J. J. A., Nijmeijer, Remco, Hersbach, Ferry M. R. J., Willems, Frank F., Gosselink, Antonius T. M., Elliott, John, Wilkins, Gerard, Fisher, Raewyn, Vogel, Robert, Scott, Douglas, Hart, Hamish, Stewart, Ralph, Harding, Scott, Ternouth, Ian, Fisher, Nicholas, Aitken, Denise, Anscombe, Russell, Tomala, Tadeusz, Nygard, Ottar, Chaitman, Bernard, Sparby, Jon Arne, Andersen, Kjell, Gullestad, Lars, Jortveit, Jarle, Munk, Peter S., Hurtig, Ulf, Ticona, Jorge R. Calderon, Velasquez, Julio R. Durand, Miguel, Sandra A. Negron, Perez, Enrique S. Sanabria, Kelsey, Sheryl F., Chambilla, Jesus M. Carrion, Ayala, Carlos A. Chavez, Leon, Reynaldo P. Castillo, Gonzales, Rolando J. Vargas, Zuniga, Jose D. Hernandez, Cosavalente, Luis A. Camacho, Mannucci, Jorge E. Bravo, Navarro, Nassip C. Llerena, Concha, Yudy M. Roldan, Chavez, Victor E. Rodriguez, Olsson, Anders G., Hernandez, Henry A. Anchante, Nunez, Carlos A. Zea, Ferrolino, Arthur, Sy, Rosa Allyn G., Tirador, Louie, Matiga, Generoso, Coching, Raul Martin, Bernan, Alisa, Rogelio, Gregorio, Morales, Dante D., Rouleau, Jean-Lucien, Tan, Edgar, Wlodarczak, Adrian, Jaworska, Krystyna, Skonieczny, Grzegorz, Pawlowicz, Lidia, Wojewoda, Pawel, Busz-Papiez, Benita, Bednarski, Janusz, Goch, Aleksander, Staneta, Pawel, Simoons, Maarten L., Dulak, Elzbieta, Saminski, Krzysztof, Krasowski, Wlodzimierz, Sudnik, Wanda, Zurakowski, Aleksander, Skorski, Marcin, Lysek, Roman, Miklaszewicz, Beata, Kubica, Jacek, Lipko, Jan Andrzej, Alexander, Karen, Kostarska-Srokosz, Edyta, Piepiorka, Marek, Drzewiecka, Anna, Sciborski, Ryszard, Stasiewski, Arkadiusz, Blicharski, Tomasz, Bystryk, Leszek, Szpajer, Michal, Korol, Marek, Czerski, Tomasz, Meloni, Chiara, Mirek-Bryniarska, Ewa, Gniot, Jacek, Lubinski, Andrzej, Gorny, Jerzy, Franek, Edward, Monteiro, Pedro, Bastos, Jose Mesquita, Pereira, Helder H., Martins, Dinis, Seixo, Filipe, Rosenson, Robert, Mendonca, Carlos, Botelho, Ana, Minescu, Bogdan, Istratoaie, Octavian, Tesloianu, Dan N., Cristian, Gabriel, Podoleanu, Cristian G. C., Constantinescu, Mircea C. A., Bengus, Cristina M., Militaru, Constantin, Sijbrands, Eric J. G., Rosu, Doina, Parepa, Irinel R., Matei, Adrian V., Alexandru, Tom M., Shvarts, Yury, Orlikova, Olga, Kobalava, Zhanna, Barbarash, Olga L., Markov, Valentin, Lyamina, Nadezhda, Alexander, John H., Gordienko, Alexander, Zrazhevsky, Konstantin, Vishnevsky, Alexander Y., Gurevich, Victor, Stryuk, Raisa, Lomakin, Nikita V., Bokarev, Igor, Shalaev, Sergey, Khaisheva, Larisa, Chizhov, Petr, Armaganijan, Luciana, Viktorova, Inna, Osokina, Natalya, Akatova, Evgenia, Chumakova, Galina, Libov, Igor, Voevoda, Mikhail I., Tretyakova, Tatyana V., Baranov, Evgeny, Shustov, Sergey, Yakushin, Sergey, Hanotin, Corinne, Bagai, Akshay, Gordeev, Ivan, Khasanov, Niiaz, Reshetko, Olga, Sotnikova, Tatiana, Molchanova, Olga, Nikolaev, Konstantin, Gapon, Liudmila, Baranova, Elena, Shogenov, Zaur, Kosmachova, Elena, Bahit, Maria Cecilia, Karpov, Yuriy, Povzun, Anton, Egorova, Liudmila, Tyrenko, Vadim V., Ivanov, Igor G., Simic, Dragan, Ivanovic, Nikola, Davidovic, Goran, Tasic, Nebojsa, Asanin, Milika R., Brennan, J. Matthew, Stojic, Stevo, Apostolovic, Svetlana R., Ilic, Stevan, Putnikovic, Biljana, Stankovic, Aleksandar, Arandjelovic, Aleksandra, Radovanovic, Slavica, Balinovac, Jovan, Dincic, Dragan V., Seferovic, Petar, Clifton, Shaun, Dodic, Slobodan, Dimkovic, Sinisa, Poh, Kian-Keong, Ong, Hean Yee, Micko, Karol, Nociar, Jan, Pella, Daniel, Fulop, Peter, Hranai, Marian, Palka, Juraj, DeVore, Adam D., Mazur, Juraj, Majercak, Ivan, Dzupina, Andrej, Fazekas, Frantisek, Gonsorcik, Jozef, Bugan, Viliam, Selecky, Juraj, Kamensky, Gabriel, Strbova, Jaroslava, Smik, Rudolf, Deloatch, Shalonda, Dukat, Andrej, Zuran, Ivan, Oklukar, Janez, Suligoj, Natasa Cernic, Cevc, Matija, Lipar, Luka, Cyster, Henry P., Ranjith, Naresh, Corbett, Clive, Bayat, Junaid, Dickey, Sheila, Makotoko, Ellen Makoali, Kapp, Ilse E., Basson, Matthys M. de V., Lottering, Hanlie, Van Zyl, Louis J., Sebastian, Peter J., Pillay, Thayabran, Saaiman, Jan A., Commerford, Patrick J., Cassimjee, Soraya, Dombrowski, Keith, Ebrahim, Iftikhar O., Sarvan, Mahomed, Mynhardt, Joseph H., Reuter, Helmuth, Moodley, Rajendran, Vida, Manuel, Cequier Fillat, Angel R., Bodi Peris, Vicente, Fuentes Jimenez, Francisco, Ducrocq, Gregory, Marin, Francisco, Cruz Fernandez, Jose M., Gil-Extremera, Blas, Worner Diz, Fernando, Garcia-Dorado, David, Iniguez, Andres, Tunon Fernandez, Jose, Gonzalez-Juanatey, Jose R., Fernandez Portales, Javier, Civeira Murillo, Fernando, Eapen, Zubin, Matas Pericas, Laia, Luis Zamorano, Jose, De Mora Martin, Manuel, Bruguera Cortada, Jordi, Alonso Martin, Joaquin J., De Berrazueta Fernandez, Jose R., Diaz Fernandez, Jose Francisco, Garcia Lledo, Jose Alberto, Cosin Sales, Juan, Botas Rodriguez, Javier, Sinnaeve, Peter, İÜC, Ege Üniversitesi, Cardiology, Internal Medicine, and ODYSSEY OUTCOMES Investigators

Subjects
Male, BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE. Clinical Medical Sciences, Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems, Myocardial Infarction, UNIVERSAL DEFINITION, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, THERAPY, DISEASE, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0302 clinical medicine, Cardiac and Cardiovascular Systems, 030212 general & internal medicine, Myocardial infarction, Prospective Studies, 1102 Cardiorespiratory Medicine and Haematology, Oxygen supply, Kardiologi, BIOMEDICINA I ZDRAVSTVO. Kliničke medicinske znanosti, CHOLESTEROL, Middle Aged, MI types, Cardiology, LDL Cholesterol Lipoproteins, Female, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, medicine.medical_specialty, ODYSSEY OUTCOMES Investigators, Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized, CLASSIFICATION, 03 medical and health sciences, Double-Blind Method, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, ddc:610, Alirocumab, Mortality, Prevention, METAANALYSIS, Aged, Science & Technology, Task force, Cholesterol, business.industry, EVOLOCUMAB, 1103 Clinical Sciences, Cholesterol, LDL, medicine.disease, Evolocumab, chemistry, Cardiovascular System & Hematology, Cardiovascular System & Cardiology, Human medicine, business
Abstract

Gislason, Gunnar H/0000-0002-0548-402X; Malynovsky, Yaroslav V/0000-0002-9118-1104; Bhatt, Deepak L./0000-0002-1278-6245; Nikolaev, Konstantin/0000-0003-4601-6203; Sherwood, Matthew/0000-0002-4305-5883; Chumakova, Galina A/0000-0002-2810-6531; Raffel, Owen C/0000-0001-5470-7050; Leonardi, Sergio/0000-0002-4800-6132; Tse, Hung Fat/0000-0002-9578-7808; Reshetko, Olga/0000-0003-3107-7636; Pereira, Helder/0000-0001-8656-4883; Racca, Vittorio/0000-0002-4465-3789; Podoleanu, Cristian/0000-0001-9987-2519; Ersanli, Murat/0000-0003-1847-3087; Muenzel, Thomas/0000-0001-5503-4150; Sandhu, Manjinder/0000-0003-2538-2079; Taskinen, Marja-Riitta/0000-0002-6229-3588; bastos, jose/0000-0002-9526-3123; Manakshe, Gajendra/0000-0002-4983-4271; Abbate, Antonio/0000-0002-1930-785X; STEG, Philippe Gabriel/0000-0001-6896-2941; Szarek, Michael/0000-0002-0046-0264; Bittner, Vera/0000-0001-9456-850X; Goodman, Shaun/0000-0001-8068-2440, WOS: 000490154300015, PubMed: 31121022, Aims the third Universal Definition of Myocardial Infarction (MI) Task Force classified MIs into five types: Type 1, spontaneous; Type 2, related to oxygen supply/demand imbalance; Type 3, fatal without ascertainment of cardiac biomarkers; Type 4, related to percutaneous coronary intervention; and Type 5, related to coronary artery bypass surgery. Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) reduction with statins and proprotein convertase subtilisin-kexin Type 9 (PCSK9) inhibitors reduces risk of MI, but less is known about effects on types of MI. ODYSSEY OUTCOMES compared the PCSK9 inhibitor alirocumab with placebo in 18 924 patients with recent acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and elevated LDL-C (>= 1.8 mmol/L) despite intensive statin therapy. in a pre-specified analysis, we assessed the effects of alirocumab on types of MI. Methods and results Median follow-up was 2.8 years. Myocardial infarction types were prospectively adjudicated and classified. of 1860 total MIs, 1223 (65.8%) were adjudicated as Type 1, 386 (20.8%) as Type 2, and 244 (13.1%) as Type 4. Few events were Type 3 (n = 2) or Type 5 (n = 5). Alirocumab reduced first MIs [hazard ratio (HR) 0.85, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.77-0.95; P = 0.003], with reductions in both Type 1 (HR 0.87, 95% CI 0.77-0.99; P = 0.032) and Type 2 (0.77, 0.61-0.97; P = 0.025), but not Type 4 MI. Conclusion After ACS, alirocumab added to intensive statin therapy favourably impacted on Type 1 and 2 MIs. the data indicate for the first time that a lipid-lowering therapy can attenuate the risk of Type 2 MI. Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol reduction below levels achievable with statins is an effective preventive strategy for both MI types., Sanofi; Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Supported by Sanofi and Regeneron Pharmaceuticals.

Published
2019

10. Alirocumab and Cardiovascular Outcomes after Acute Coronary Syndrome

Author

Schwartz, G. G., Steg, P. G., Szarek, M., Bhatt, D. L., Bittner, V. A., Diaz, R., Edelberg, J. M., Goodman, S. G., Hanotin, C., Harrington, R. A., Jukema, J. W., Lecorps, G., Mahaffey, K. W., Moryusef, A., Pordy, R., Quintero, K., Roe, M. T., Sasiela, W. J., Tamby, J. -F., Tricoci, P., White, H. D., Zeiher, A. M., Aylward, Philip E., Drexel, Heinz, Sinnaeve, Peter, Dilic, Mirza, Lopes, Renato D., Gotcheva, Nina N., Goodman, Shaun G., Prieto, Juan-Carlos, Yong, Huo, Lopez-Jaramillo, Patricio, Pecin, Ivan, Reiner, Zeljko, Ostadal, Petr, Poulsen, Steen Hvitfeldt, Viigimaa, Margus, Nieminen, Markku S., Danchin, Nicolas, Chumburidze, Vakhtang, Marx, Nikolaus, Liberopoulos, Evangelos, Montenegro Valdovinos, Pablo Carlos, Tse, Hung-Fat, Kiss, Robert Gabor, Xavier, Denis, Zahger, Doron, Valgimigli, Marco, Kimura, Takeshi, Kim, Hyo Soo, Kim, Sang-Hyun, Erglis, Andrejs, Laucevicius, Aleksandras, Kedev, Sasko, Yusoff, Khalid, Ramos Lopez, Gabriel Arturo, Alings, Marco, Halvorsen, Sigrun, Correa Flores, Roger M., Sy, Rody G., Budaj, Andrzej, Morais, Joao, Dorobantu, Maria, Karpov, Yuri, Ristic, Arsen D., Chua, Terrance, Murin, Jan, Fras, Zlatko, Dalby, Anthony J., Tunon, Jose, de Silva, H. Asita, Hagstrom, Emil, Muller, Christian, Chiang, Chern-En, Sritara, Piyamitr, Guneri, Sema, Parkhomenko, Alexander, Ray, Kausik K., Moriarty, Patrick M., Vogel, Robert, Chaitman, Bernard, Kelsey, Sheryl F., Olsson, Anders G., Rouleau, Jean-Lucien, Simoons, Maarten L., Alexander, Karen, Meloni, Chiara, Rosenson, Robert, Sijbrands, Eric J. G., Alexander, John H., Armaganijan, Luciana, Bagai, Akshay, Bahit, Maria Cecilia, Brennan, J. Matthew, Clifton, Shaun, DeVore, Adam D., Deloatch, Shalonda, Dickey, Sheila, Dombrowski, Keith, Ducrocq, Gregory, Eapen, Zubin, Endsley, Patricia, Eppinger, Arleen, Hess, Connie Ng, Hlatky, Mark A., Jordan, Joseph Dedrick, Knowles, Joshua W., Kolls, Bradley J., Kong, David F., Leonardi, Sergio, Lillis, Linda, Maron, David J., Marcus, Jill, Mathews, Robin, Mehta, Rajendra H., Mentz, Robert J., Moreira, Humberto Graner, Patel, Chetan B., Pereira, Sabrina Bernardez, Perkins, Lynn, Povsic, Thomas J., Puymirat, Etienne, Jones, William Schuyler, Shah, Bimal R., Sherwood, Matthew W., Stringfellow, Kenya, Sujjavanich, Darin, Toma, Mustafa, Trotter, Charlene, van Diepen, Sean F. P., Wilson, Matthew D., Yan, Andrew Tze-Kay, Schiavi, Lilia B., Garrido, Marcelo, Alvarisqueta, Andres F., Sassone, Sonia A., Bordonava, Anselmo P., Alves De Lima, Alberto E., Schmidberg, Jorge M., Duronto, Ernesto A., Caruso, Orlando C., Novaretto, Leonardo P., Angel Hominal, Miguel, Montana, Oscar R., Caccavo, Alberto, Gomez Vilamajo, Oscar A., Lorenzatti, Alberto J., Cartasegna, Luis R., Paterlini, Gustavo A., Mackinnon, Ignacio J., Caime, Guillermo D., Amuchastegui, Marcos, Codutti, Oscar R., Jure, Horacio O., Bono, Julio O. E., Hrabar, Adrian D., Vallejos, Julio A., Ahuad Guerrero, Rodolfo A., Novoa, Federico, Patocchi, Cristian A., Zaidman, Cesar J., Giuliano, Maria E., Dran, Ricardo D., Vico, Marisa L., Carnero, Gabriela S., Guzman, Pablo N., Medrano Allende, Juan C., Garcia Brasca, Daniela F., Bustamante Labarta, Miguel H., Nani, Sebastian, Blumberg, Eduardo D. S., Colombo, Hugo R., Liberman, Alberto, Luciardi, Hector L., Waisman, Gabriel D., Berli, Mario A., Garcia Duran, Ruben O., Cestari, Horacio G., Luquez, Hugo A., Giordano, Jorge A., Saavedra, Silvia S., Waites, Jonathon H., Collins, Nicholas, Soward, Allan, Hii, Chris L. S., Shaw, James, Arstall, Margaret A., Horowitz, John, Rogers, James F., Colquhoun, David, Flores, Romulo E. Oqueli, Roberts-Thomson, Philip, Raffel, Owen, Lehman, Sam J., Coverdale, Steven G. M., Garrahy, Paul J., Starmer, Gregory, Sader, Mark, Carroll, Patrick A., Zweiker, Robert, Hoppe, Uta, Huber, Kurt, Berger, Rudolf, Weidinger, Franz, Faes, Dirk, Hermans, Kurt, Pirenne, Bruno, Leone, Attilio, Hoffer, Etienne, Vrolix, Mathias C. M., De Wolf, Luc, Wollaert, Bart, Castadot, Marc, Dujardin, Karl, Beauloye, Christophe, Vervoort, Geert, Striekwold, Harry, Convens, Carl, Roosen, John, Barbato, Emanuele, Claeys, Marc J., Cools, Frank, Terzic, Ibrahim, Barakovic, Fahir, Midzic, Zlatko, Pojskic, Belma, Fazlibegovic, Emir, Durak-Nalbantic, Azra, Vulic, Dusko, Muslibegovic, Adis, Reis, Gilmar, Sousa, Luciano, Nicolau, Jose C., Giorgeto, Flavio E., Silva, Ricardo P., Maia, Lilia Nigro, Rech, Rafael, Rossi, Paulo R. F., Cerqueira, Maria Jose A. G., Duda, Norberto, Kalil, Renato, Kormann, Adrian, Abrantes, Jose Antonio M., Pimentel Filho, Pedro, Soggia, Ana Priscila, de Santos, Mayler O. N., Neuenschwander, Fernando, Bodanese, Luiz C., Michalaros, Yorghos L., Eliaschewitz, Freddy G., Vidotti, Maria H., Leaes, Paulo E., Botelho, Roberto V., Kaiser, Sergio, Fernandes Manenti, Euler Roberto F., Precoma, Dalton B., Moura Jorge, Jose C., de Silva, Pedro G. M. B., Silveira, Jose A., Saporito, Wladimir, Marin Neto, Jose A., Feitosa, Gilson S., Ritt, Luiz Eduardo F., de Souza, Juliana A., Costa, Fernando, Souza, Weimar K. S. B., Reis, Helder J. L., Machado, Leandro, Aidar Ayoub, Jose Carlos, Todorov, Georgi V., Nikolov, Fedya P., Velcheva, Elena S., Tzekova, Maria L., Benov, Haralambi O., Petranov, Stanislav L., Tumbev, Haralin S., Shehova-Yankova, Nina S., Markov, Dimitar T., Raev, Dimitar H., Mollov, Mihail N., Kichukov, Kostadin N., Ilieva-Pandeva, Katya A., Ivanova, Raya, Mincheva, Valentina M., Lazov, Petar V., Dimov, Bojidar I., Senaratne, Manohara, Stone, James, Kornder, Jan, Pearce, Stephen, Dion, Danielle, Savard, Daniel, Pesant, Yves, Pandey, Amritanshu, Robinson, Simon, Gosselin, Gilbert, Vizel, Saul, Hoag, Gordon, Bourgeois, Ronald, Morisset, Anne, Sabbah, Eric, Sussex, Bruce, Kouz, Simon, MacDonald, Paul, Diaz, Ariel, Michaud, Nicolas, Fell, David, Leung, Raymond, Vuurmans, Tycho, Lai, Christopher, Nigro, Frank, Davies, Richard, Nogareda, Gustavo, Vijayaraghavan, Ram, Ducas, John, Lepage, Serge, Mehta, Shamir, Cha, James, Dupuis, Robert, Fong, Peter, Rodes-Cabau, Josep, Fadlallah, Hussein, Cleveland, David, Huynh, Thao, Bata, Iqbal, Hameed, Adnan, Pincetti, Cristian, Potthoff, Sergio, Acevedo, Monica, Aguirre, Arnoldo, Vejar, Margarita, Yanez, Mario, Araneda, Guillermo, Fernandez, Mauricio, Perez, Luis, Varleta, Paola, Florenzano, Fernando, Huidobro, Laura, Raffo, Carlos A., Olivares, Claudia, Chen, Jiyan, Dong, Yugang, Huang, Weijian, Wang, Jianzhong, Huang, Shi'An, Yao, Zhuhua, Cui, Lan, Lin, Wenhua, Sun, Yuemin, Wang, Jingfeng, Li, Jianping, Zhang, Xuelian, Zhu, Hong, Chen, Dandan, Huang, Lan, Dong, Shaohong, Su, Guohai, Xu, Biao, Su, Xi, Cheng, Xiaoshu, Lin, Jinxiu, Zong, Wenxia, Li, Huanming, Feng, Yi, Xu, Dingli, Yang, Xinchun, Ke, Yuannan, Lin, Xuefeng, Zhang, Zheng, Zheng, Zeqi, Luo, Zhurong, Chen, Yundai, Ding, Chunhua, Zheng, Yang, Li, Xiaodong, Peng, Daoquan, Li, Ying, Wei, Meng, Liu, Shaowen, Yu, Yihua, Qu, Baiming, Jiang, Weihong, Zhou, Yujie, Zhao, Xingsheng, Yuan, Zuyi, Guo, Ying, Xu, Xiping, Shi, Xubo, Ge, Junbo, Fu, Guosheng, Bai, Feng, Fang, Weiyi, Shou, Xiling, Yang, Xiangjun, Wang, Jian'An, Jaramillo, Nicolas, Vallejo, Gregorio Sanchez, Botia, Diana C. Luna, Lopez, Rodrigo Botero, De Salazar, Dora I. Molina, Bonfanti, Alberto J. Cadena, Higuera, Juan Diego, Silva, Sandra I. Barrera, Lozada, Henry J. Garcia, Arroyo, Julian A. Coronel, Mendoza, Jose L. Accini, Ruiz, Ricardo L. Fernandez, Fernandez, Angela M., Jatin, Fernando G. Manzur, Herazo, Aristides Sotomayor, Parada, Jeffrey Castellanos, Triana, Miguel A. Urina, Spinar, Jindrich, Horak, David, Stasek, Josef, Alan, David, Machova, Vilma, Linhart, Ales, Novotny, Vojtech, Kaucak, Vladimir, Rokyta, Richard, Naplava, Robert, Coufal, Zdenek, Adamkova, Vera, Podpera, Ivo, Zizka, Jiri, Motovska, Zuzana, Marusincova, Ivana, Svab, Premysl, Heinc, Petr, Kuchar, Jiri, Povolny, Petr, Raungaard, Bent, Clemmensen, Peter, Bang, Lia E., May, Ole, Bottcher, Morten, Hove, Jens D., Frost, Lars, Gislason, Gunnar, Larsen, John, Johansen, Peter Betton, Hald, Flemming, Jeppesen, Jorgen, Nielsen, Tonny, Kristensen, Kjeld S., Walichiewicz, Piotr Maria, Lomholdt, Jens D., Klausen, Ib C., Nielsen, Peter Kaiser, Davidsen, Flemming, Videbaek, Lars, Soots, Mai, Vahula, Veiko, Hedman, Anu, Soopold, sllar, Martsin, Kaja, Taskinen, Marja-Riitta, Porthan, Kimmo, Airaksinen, Juhani K., Juonala, Markus, Kiviniemi, Tuomas, Vikman, Saila, Posio, Pirjo, Taurio, Jyrki, Huikuri, Heikki, Kaikkonen, Kari, Coste, Pierre, Ferrari, Emile, Morel, Olivier, Montalescot, Gilles, Barone-Rochette, Gilles, Mansourati, Jacques, Cottin, Yves, Steg, Philippe Gabriel, Leclercq, Florence, Belhassane, Abdelkader, Delarche, Nicolas, Boccara, Franck, Paganelli, Franck, Clerc, Jerome, Schiele, Francois, Aboyans, Victor, Probst, Vincent, Berland, Jacques, Lefevre, Thierry, Khintibidze, Irakli, Shaburishvili, Tamaz, Pagava, Zurab, Ghlonti, Ramaz, Lominadze, Zaza, Khabeishvili, George, Hemetsberger, Rayyan, Rauch-Kroehnert, Ursula, Stratmann, Matthias, Appel, Karl-Friedrich, Schmidt, Ekkehard, Omran, Heyder, Stellbrink, Christoph, Dorsel, Thomas, Lianopoulos, Emmanouil, Marx, Roger, Zirlik, Andreas, Schellenberg, Detlev, Heitzer, Thomas, Laufs, Ulrich, Gielen, Stephan, Winkelmann, Bernhard, Behrens, Steffen, Sydow, Karsten, Simonis, Gregor, Muenzel, Thomas, Werner, Nikos, Leggewie, Stefan, Boecker, Dirk, Braun-Dullaeus, Ruediger, Toursarkissian, Nicole, Jeserich, Michael, Weissbrodt, Matthias, Schaeufele, Tim, Weil, Joachim, Voeller, Heinz, Waltenberger, Johannes, Natour, Mohammed, Steiner, Stephan, Heidenreich, Lothar, Gremmler, Uwe, Killat, Holger, Patsilinakos, Sotiris, Kartalis, Athanasios, Manolis, Athanassios, Sionis, Dimitrios, Skoumas, Ioannis, Athyros, Vasilios, Parthenakis, P. I. Frangkiskos, Hahalis, P. I. Georgios, Lekakis, John, Xatzitolios, Apostolos, Fausto Ovando, Sergio R., Arango Benecke, Juan L., Rodriguez De Leon, Edgar R., Yan, Bryan P. Y., Siu, David C. W., Turi, Tibor, Merkely, Bela, Ungi, Imre, Lupkovics, Geza, Nagy, Lajos, Katona, Andras, Edes, Istvan, Muller, Gabor, Horvath, Ivan, Kapin, Tibor, Falukozy, Jozsef, Kumbla, Mukund, Sandhu, Manjinder, Annam, Sharath, Proddutur, Naveen Reddy, Premchand, Rajendra K., Mahajan, Ajaykumar, Abhyanakar, Atul D., Kerkar, Prafulla, Govinda, Ravishankar A., Oomman, Abraham, Sinha, Dhurjati, Patil, Sachin N., Kahali, Dhiman, Sawhney, Jitendra, Joshi, Abhijeet B., Chaudhary, Sanjeev, Harkut, Pankaj, Guha, Santanu, Porwal, Sanjay, Jujjuru, Srimannarayana, Pothineni, Ramesh B., Monteiro, Minguel R., Khan, Aziz, Iyengar, Shamanna S., Grewal, Jasprakash Singh, Chopda, Manoj, Fulwani, Mahesh C., Patange, Aparna, Chopra, Vijay K., Goyal, Naresh K., Shinde, Rituparna, Manakshe, Gajendra V., Patki, Nitin, Sethi, Sumeet, Munusamy, Vengatesh, Karna, Sunil, Adhyapak, Srilakshmi, Pandurangi, Ulhas, Mathur, Rishabh, Kalashetti, Suhas, Bhagwat, Ajit, Raghuraman, Bagirath, Yerra, Shiv Kumar, Bhansali, Prasant, Borse, Rohidas, Das, Srihari, Abdullakutty, Jabir, Saathe, Shireesh, Palimkar, Priya, Atar, Shaul, Shechter, Michael, Mosseri, Morris, Arbel, Yaron, Lotan, Chaim, Rosenschein, Uri, Katz, Amos, Henkin, Yaakov, Francis, Adi, Klutstein, Marc, Nikolsky, Eugenia, Turgeman, Yoav, Halabi, Majdi, Kornowski, Ran, Jonas, Michael, Amir, Offer, Rozenman, Yoseph, Fuchs, Shmuel, Hussein, Osamah, Gavish, Dov, Vered, Zvi, Caraco, Yoseph, Elias, Mazen, Tov, Naveh, Piovaccari, Giancarlo, De Pellegrin, Annamaria, Guardigli, Gabriele, Licciardello, Giovanni, Auguadro, Carla, Cuccia, Claudio, Salvioni, Alessandro, Musumeci, Giuseppe, Calabro, Paolo, Novo, Salvatore, Faggiano, Pompilio, De Cesare, Nicoletta B., Berti, Sergio, Cavallini, Claudio, Puccioni, Enrico, Galvani, Marcello, Tespili, Maurizio, Piatti, Piermarco, Palvarini, Michela, De Luca, Giuseppe, Violini, Roberto, De Leo, Alessandro, Filardi, Pasquale Perrone, Ferratini, Maurizio, Dai, Kazuoki, Kamiya, Haruo, Ando, Kenji, Takeda, Yoshihiro, Morino, Yoshihiro, Hata, Yoshiki, Kimura, Kazuo, Kishi, Koichi, Michishita, Ichiro, Uehara, Hiroki, Higashikata, Toshinori, Hirayama, Atsushi, Hirooka, Keiji, Sakagami, Satoru, Taguchi, Shuichi, Koike, Akihiro, Fujinaga, Hiroyuki, Koba, Shinji, Kozuma, Ken, Kawasaki, Tomohiro, Ono, Yujiro, Shimizu, Masatoshi, Katsuda, Yousuke, Wada, Atsuyuki, Shinke, Toshiro, Ako, Junya, Fujii, Kenshi, Takahashi, Toshiyuki, Sakamoto, Tomohiro, Furukawa, Yutaka, Sugino, Hiroshi, Mano, Toshiaki, Utsu, Noriaki, Ito, Kashima, Haraguchi, Takuya, Ueda, Yasunori, Nishibe, Akira, Fujimoto, Kazuteru, Yoon, Jung Han, Park, Hun Sik, Chae, In-Ho, Kim, Moo Hyun, Jeong, Myung Ho, Rha, Seungwoon, Kim, Chongjin, Hong, Taekjong, Busmane, Arija, Pontaga, Natalija, Strelnieks, Aldis, Mintale, Iveta, Sime, Iveta, Petrulioniene, Zaneta, Kavaliauskiene, Roma, Jurgaitiene, Ruta, Sakalyte, Gintare, Slapikas, Rimvydas, Norkiene, Sigute, Misonis, Nerijus, Kibarskis, Aleksandras, Kubilius, Raimondas, Bojovski, Stojko, Lozance, Nensi, Kjovkaroski, Aleksandar, Doncovska, Snezana, Ong, Tiong Kiam, Kasim, Sazzli, Maskon, Oteh, Kandasamy, Balachandran, Liew, Houng B., Mohamed, Wan Mohd Izani Wan, Garcia Castillo, Armando, Carrillo Calvillo, Jorge, Fajardo Campos, Pedro, Nunez Fragoso, Juan Carlos, Bayram Llamas, Edmundo Alfredo, Alcocer Gamba, Marco Antonio, Carranza Madrigal, Jaime, Gonzalez Salas, Luis Gerardo, Lopez Rosas, Enrique, Gonzalez Diaz, Belinda, Salcido Vazquez, Eduardo, Nacoud Ackar, Alfredo, Llamas Esperon, Guillermo Antonio, Martinez Sanchez, Carlos Rodolfo, Guerrero De Leon, Maria, Suarez Otero, Rodrigo, Fanghanel Salmon, Guillermo, Perez Rios, Jesus Antonio, Garza Ruiz, Jose Angel, Breedveld, Robert W., Hoogslag, Pieter A. M., Suryapranata, Harry, Oomen, Antonius, Wiersma, Jacobijne J., Van Der Wal, Ruud M. A., Van Huysduynen-Monraats, Pascalle S. Hooft, Karalis, Ioannis, Verdel, Gerardus J. E., Brueren, Bart R. G., Troquay, Roland P. Th, Viergever, Eric P., Al-Windy, Nadea Y. Y., Bartels, Gerard L., Cornel, Jan H., Hermans, Walter R. M., Herrman, Johannes P. R., Bos, Robert J., Groutars, Reginald G. E. J., Van Der Zwaan, Coenraad C., Kaplan, Refik, Ronner, Eelko, Groenemeijer, Bjorn E., Bronzwaer, Patrick N. A., Liem, Anho A. H., Rensing, Bernard J. W. M., Bokern, Marcel J. J. A., Nijmeijer, Remco, Hersbach, Ferry M. R. J., Willems, Frank F., Gosselink, Antonius T. M., Elliott, John, Wilkins, Gerard, Fisher, Raewyn, Scott, Douglas, Hart, Hamish, Stewart, Ralph, Harding, Scott, Ternouth, Ian, Fisher, Nicholas, Aitken, Denise, Anscombe, Russell, Tomala, Tadeusz, Nygard, Ottar, Sparby, Jon Arne, Andersen, Kjell, Gullestad, Lars, Jortveit, Jarle, Munk, Peter S., Hurtig, Ulf, Ticona, Jorge R. Calderon, Velasquez, Julio R. Durand, Miguel, Sandra A. Negron, Perez, Enrique S. Sanabria, Chambilla, Jesus M. Carrion, Ayala, Carlos A. Chavez, Leon, Reynaldo P. Castillo, Gonzales, Rolando J. Vargas, Zuniga, Jose D. Hernandez, Cosavalente, Luis A. Camacho, Mannucci, Jorge E. Bravo, Navarro, Nassip C. Llerena, Concha, Yudy M. Roldan, Chavez, Victor E. Rodriguez, Hernandez, Henry A. Anchante, Nunez, Carlos A. Zea, Ferrolino, Arthur, Sy, Rosa Allyn G., Tirador, Louie, Matiga, Generoso, Coching, Raul Martin, Bernan, Alisa, Rogelio, Gregorio, Morales, Dante D., Tan, Edgar, Wlodarczak, Adrian, Jaworska, Krystyna, Skonieczny, Grzegorz, Pawlowicz, Lidia, Wojewoda, Pawel, Busz-Papiez, Benita, Bednarski, Janusz, Goch, Aleksander, Staneta, Pawel, Dulak, Elzbieta, Saminski, Krzysztof, Krasowski, Wlodzimierz, Sudnik, Wanda, Zurakowski, Aleksander, Skorski, Marcin, Lysek, Roman, Miklaszewicz, Beata, Kubica, Jacek, Lipko, Jan Andrzej, Kostarska-Srokosz, Edyta, Piepiorka, Marek, Drzewiecka, Anna, Sciborski, Ryszard, Stasiewski, Arkadiusz, Blicharski, Tomasz, Bystryk, Leszek, Szpajer, Michal, Korol, Marek, Czerski, Tomasz, Mirek-Bryniarska, Ewa, Gniot, Jacek, Lubinski, Andrzej, Gorny, Jerzy, Franek, Edward, Monteiro, Pedro, Bastos, Jose Mesquita, Pereira, Helder H., Martins, Dinis, Seixo, Filipe, Mendonca, Carlos, Botelho, Ana, Minescu, Bogdan, Istratoaie, Octavian, Tesloianu, Dan N., Cristian, Gabriel, Podoleanu, Cristian G. C., Constantinescu, Mircea C. A., Bengus, Cristina M., Militaru, Constantin, Rosu, Doina, Parepa, Irinel R., Matei, Adrian V., Alexandru, Tom M., Shvarts, Yury, Orlikova, Olga, Kobalava, Zhanna, Barbarash, Olga L., Markov, Valentin, Lyamina, Nadezhda, Gordienko, Alexander, Zrazhevsky, Konstantin, Vishnevsky, Alexander Y., Gurevich, Victor, Stryuk, Raisa, Lomakin, Nikita V., Bokarev, Igor, Shalaev, Sergey, Khaisheva, Larisa, Chizhov, Petr, Viktorova, Inna, Osokina, Natalya, Akatova, Evgenia, Chumakova, Galina, Libov, Igor, Voevoda, Mikhail I., Tretyakova, Tatyana V., Baranov, Evgeny, Shustov, Sergey, Yakushin, Sergey, Gordeev, Ivan, Khasanov, Niiaz, Reshetko, Olga, Sotnikova, Tatiana, Molchanova, Olga, Nikolaev, Konstantin, Gapon, Liudmila, Baranova, Elena, Shogenov, Zaur, Kosmachova, Elena, Karpov, Yuriy, Povzun, Anton, Egorova, Liudmila, Tyrenko, Vadim V., Ivanov, Igor G., Simic, Dragan, Ivanovic, Nikola, Davidovic, Goran, Tasic, Nebojsa, Asanin, Milika R., Stojic, Stevo, Apostolovic, Svetlana R., Ilic, Stevan, Putnikovic, Biljana, Stankovic, Aleksandar, Arandjelovic, Aleksandra, Radovanovic, Slavica, Balinovac, Jovan, Dincic, Dragan V., Seferovic, Petar, Dodic, Slobodan, Dimkovic, Sinisa, Poh, Kian-Keong, Ong, Hean Yee, Micko, Karol, Nociar, Jan, Pella, Daniel, Fulop, Peter, Hranai, Marian, Palka, Juraj, Mazur, Juraj, Majercak, Ivan, Dzupina, Andrej, Fazekas, Frantisek, Gonsorcik, Jozef, Bugan, Viliam, Selecky, Juraj, Kamensky, Gabriel, Strbova, Jaroslava, Smik, Rudolf, Dukat, Andrej, Zuran, Ivan, Oklukar, Janez, Suligoj, Natasa Cernic, Cevc, Matija, Lipar, Luka, Cyster, Henry P., Ranjith, Naresh, Corbett, Clive, Bayat, Junaid, Makotoko, Ellen Makoali, Kapp, Ilse E., de Basson, Matthys M. V., Lottering, Hanlie, Van Zyl, Louis J., Sebastian, Peter J., Pillay, Thayabran, Saaiman, Jan A., Commerford, Patrick J., Cassimjee, Soraya, Ebrahim, Iftikhar O., Sarvan, Mahomed, Mynhardt, Joseph H., Reuter, Helmuth, Moodley, Rajendran, Vida, Manuel, Cequier Fillat, Angel R., Bodi Peris, Vicente, Fuentes Jimenez, Francisco, Marin, Francisco, Cruz Fernandez, Jose M., Gil-Extremera, Blas, Worner Diz, Fernando, Garcia-Dorado, David, Iniguez, Andres, Tunon Fernandez, Jose, Gonzalez-Juanatey, Jose R., Fernandez Portales, Javier, Civeira Murillo, Fernando, Matas Pericas, Laia, Luis Zamorano, Jose, De Mora Martin, Manuel, Bruguera Cortada, Jordi, Alonso Martin, Joaquin J., De Berrazueta Fernandez, Jose R., Diaz Fernandez, Jose Francisco, Garcia Lledo, Jose Alberto, Cosin Sales, Juan, Botas Rodriguez, Javier, Gusi Tragant, Gabriel, Benedicto, Amparo, Gonzalez-Juanatey, Carlos, Camprubi Potau, Mercedes, Plaza Perez, Ignacio, Moris De La Tassa, Cesar, Loma-Osorio Rincon, Pablo, Balaguer Recena, Javier, M Escudier, Juan, Constantine, Godwin, Haniffa, Ruvaiz, Tissera, Nirmali, Amarasekera, Stanley, Fernando, Nimali, Jayawardena, Jayanthimala, Santharaj, Wijeyasingam, Ekanayaka, Ruvan, Mendis, Sepalika, Senaratne, Vajira, Mayurathan, Gnanamoorthy, Sirisena, Thilak, Rajapaksha, Ajantha, Herath, Jagath I., Amarasena, Naomali, Berglund, Stefan, Rasmanis, Gundars, Witt, Nils, Mourtzinis, Georgios, Nicol, Peter, Hansen, Ole, Romeo, Stefano, Jensen, Steen Agergaard, Torstensson, Ingemar, Ahremark, Ulf, Sundelin, Torbjorn, Moccetti, Tiziano, Mueller, Christian, Mach, Francois, Binder, Ronald, Tsai, Wei-Chuan, Ueng, Kwo-Chang, Lai, Wen-Ter, Liu, Ming-En, Hwang, Juey-Jen, Yin, Wei-Hsian, Hsieh, I-Chang, Lin, Wei Hsiang, Kuo, Jen-Yuan, Huang, Tsuei-Yuan, Fang, Chih-Yuan, Kaewsuwanna, Pinij, Soonfuang, Wasant, Jintapakorn, Woravut, Sukonthasarn, Apichard, Wongpraparut, Nattawut, Sastravaha, Krisada, Sansanayudh, Nakarin, Kehasukcharoen, Wirash, Piyayotai, Dilok, Camsari, Ahmet, Kultursay, Hakan, Mutlu, Bulent, Ersanli, Murat, Demirtas, Mustafa, Kirma, Cevat, Ural, Ertan, Koldas, Lale, Karpenko, Oleksandr, Prokhorov, Alexander, Vakaluyk, Ihor, Myshanych, Halyna, Reshotko, Dmytro, Batushkin, Valeriy, Rudenko, Leonid, Kovalskyi, Ihor, Kushnir, Mykola, Tseluyko, Vira, Mostovoy, Yuriy, Stanislavchuk, Mykola, Kyiak, Yulian, Karpenko, Yuriy, Malynovsky, Yaroslav, Klantsa, Andriy, Kutniy, Oles, Amosova, Ekaterina, Tashchuk, Viktor, Leshchuk, Oleh, Rishko, Mykola, Kopytsya, Mykola, Yagensky, Andriy, Vatutin, Mykola, Bagriy, Andriy, Barna, Olga M., Ushakov, Olexiy, Dzyak, Georgiy, Goloborodko, Borys, Rudenko, Anatolii, Trevelyan, Jasper, Zaman, Azfar, Lee, Kaeng, Moriarty, Andrew, Aggarwal, Rajesh K., Clifford, Piers, Wong, Yuk-Ki, Iqbal, Syed M. R., Subkovas, Eduardas, Braganza, Denise, Sarkar, David, Storey, Robert, Griffiths, Huw, Mcclure, Sam, Muthusamy, Rangasamy, Kurian, John, Levy, Terry, Barr, Craig, Kadr, Honer, Gerber, Robert, Simaitis, Audrius, Soran, Handrean, Mathur, Anthony, Brodison, Adrian, Oliver, Richard, Mudawi, Telal, Reynolds, Timothy, Sharman, David, Butler, Rob, Wilkinson, Peter, Lip, Gregory Y. H., Halcox, Julian, Vardi, Gil, Baldari, Duccio, Brabham, David, Treasure, Charles, II, Dahl, Charles, Palmer, Bruce, Wiseman, Alan, Khan, Abul, Puri, Sanjeev, Mohart, Ann Elizabeth, Ince, Carlos, Flores, Enrique, Wright, Scott, Cheng, Shi-Chi, Rosenberg, Michael, Rogers, William, Jr., Kosinski, Edward, Forgosh, Les, Waltman, Jonathan, Khan, Misal, Shoukfeh, Mohammad, Dagher, Georges, Lieber, Ira, Kumar, Priya, East, Cara, Krichmar, Perry, White, Lindsey, Knickelbine, Thomas, Haldis, Thomas, Gillespie, Eve, Suh, David, Arif, Imran, Akhter, Faiq, Carlson, Eric, D'Urso, Michael, El-Ahdab, Fadi, Nelson, William, Harris, Barry, Cohen, Steven, Carter, Luther, Sabatino, Kenneth, Haddad, Tariq, Malik, Amir, Rao, Sunder, Mulkay, Angel, Jovin, Ion, Klancke, Kim, Malhotra, Vinay, Devarapalli, Sai K., Koren, Michael, Chandna, Harish, Dodds, George, III, Janik, Matthew, Moran, Joseph, Sumner, Andrew, Kobayashi, John, Davis, William, Yazdani, Shahram, Pasquini, John, Thakkar, Maitreya, Vedere, Amarnath, Leimbach, Wayne, Rider, James, Singh, Narendra, Shah, Anil V., Janosik, Denise, Pepine, Carl, Berman, Brett, Gelormini, Joseph, Daniels, Christopher, Keating, Friederike, Kondo, Nicholas I., Shetty, Sanjay, Waider, Winfried, Takata, Theodore, Abu-Fadel, Mazen, Shah, Vipul, Aggarwal, Rahul, Izzo, Mark, Kumar, Anil, Hattler, Brack, Link, Chad, Bortnick, Anna, Kinzfogl, George, III, Ghitis, Arnold, Larry, John, Teufel, Edward, Kuhlman, Peter, Mclaurin, Brent, Zhang, Wenwu, Thew, Stephen, Abbas, Jalal, White, Matthew, Ranadive, Nandkishore, Gring, Christian, Henderson, David, Schuchard, Timothy, Farhat, Naim, Kline, Geoffrey, Mahal, Sharan, Whitaker, Jack, Speirs, Shawn, Andersen, Rolf, Daboul, Nizar, Horwitz, Phillip, Jafar, Zubair, Mcgarvey, Joseph, Jr., Panchal, Vipul, Voyce, Stephen, Blok, Thomas, Sheldon, William, Azizad, Masoud M., Schmalfuss, Carsten, Picone, Mark, Herzog, William, Jr., Lindsey, Jason, Nowins, Rosemary, Lepor, Norman, El Shahawy, Mahfouz, Weintraub, Howard, Irimpen, Anand, May, Wade, Galski, Thomas, Chu, Alan, Mody, Freny, Hodes, Zachary, Fairlamb, James, Lambert, Charles, Jr., Raisinghani, Ajit, Abbate, Antonio, King, Marilyn, Carey, Charles, Gerber, Jaime, Younis, Liwa, Park, Hyeun (Tom), Vidovich, Mladen, Knutson, Thomas, Friedman, Dennis, Chaleff, Fred, Loussararian, Arthur, Kimmelstiel, Carey, Silver, Kevin, Foster, Malcolm, Tonnessen, Glen, Amlani, Mohamadali, Wali, Andreas, Malozzi, Christopher, Wattanakit, Keattiyoat, O'Donnell, Philip J., Singal, Dinesh, Jaffrani, Naseem, Banuru, Sridhar, Fisher, Daniel, Xenakis, Mark, Perlmutter, Neal, Bhagwat, Ravi, Strader, James, Jr., Akyea-Djamson, Ayim, Labroo, Ajay, Lee, Kwan, Marais, H. John, Claxton, Edmund, Jr., Berk, Martin, Rossi, Peter, Joshi, Parag, Khaira, Ajit S., Kumkumian, Greg, Lupovitch, Steven, Purow, Joshua, Welka, Stephen, Hoffman, David, Fischer, Stuart, Soroka, Eugene, Eagerton, Donald, Pancholy, Samir, Ray, Michael, Farrar, Michael, Pollock, Stewart, French, William J., Diamantis, Steve, Gimple, Lawrence, Schwartz, Steven, Pereira, Edward, Spriggs, Douglas, Strain, Janet, Vo, Anthony, Chane, Majed, Hall, Jason, Vijay, Nampalli, Lotun, Kapildeo, Lester, F. Martin, Nahhas, Ahed, Pope, Theodore, Nager, Paul, Vohra, Rakesh, Bashir, Riyaz, Ahmed, Hinan, Berlowitz, Michael, Fishberg, Robert, Barrucco, Robert, Yang, Eric, Radin, Michael, Sporn, Daniel, Eisenberg, Steven, Landzberg, Joel, Mcgough, Martin, Turk, Samir, Schwartz, Michael, Sundram, P. Sandy, Jain, Diwakar, Zainea, Mark, Bayron, Carlos, Karlsberg, Ronald, Lui, Henry, Keen, William, Westerhausen, Donald, Jr., Khurana, Sandeep, Agarwal, Himanshu, Birchem, Jessica, Penny, William, Jr., Chang, Mark, Gilbert, John M., Chalavarya, Gopal, Eaton, Charles, Schmedtje, John F., Jr., Christenson, Stuart, Denham, Douglas, Macdonell, Alexander, Gibson, Paul, Rahman, Aref, Al Joundi, Tammam, Conrad, Gary, Kotha, Purushotham, Love, Michael, Giesler, Gregory, Rubenstein, Howard, Akright, Laura, Schifferdecker, Branislav, Krawczyk, Justine, Wells, Terry, Welker, James, Foster, Robert, Gilmore, Richard, Anderson, Jay, Jacoby, Douglas, Harris, Bill, Gardner, Geraldine, Dandillaya, Ramprasad, Vora, Kishor, Kostis, John, Hunter, John, Laxson, David, Ball, Eric, Internal Medicine, ODYSSEY OUTCOMES Comm Inv, VA Boston Healthcare System, Department of General Surgery. Surgical Oncology Unit, Reina Sofía University Hospital, Metacohorts Consortium, Sanofi [Vitry-sur-Seine], SANOFI Recherche, CIC Brest, Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Hôpital de la Cavale Blanche, University of Zurich, and Schwartz, Gregory G

Subjects
Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Acute coronary syndrome, Evinacumab, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Vascular damage Radboud Institute for Health Sciences [Radboudumc 16], Hypercholesterolemia, 610 Medicine & health, 2700 General Medicine, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized, Placebo, 11171 Cardiocentro Ticino, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Double-Blind Method, [SDV.MHEP.CSC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Cardiology and cardiovascular system, Internal medicine, Humans, Medicine, 03.02. Klinikai orvostan, 030212 general & internal medicine, Myocardial infarction, Acute Coronary Syndrome, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Aged, Alirocumab, business.industry, Unstable angina, Anticholesteremic Agents, PCSK9, PCSK9 Inhibitors, Hazard ratio, Antibodies, Monoclonal, Cholesterol, LDL, General Medicine, Middle Aged, ta3121, medicine.disease, 3. Good health, Cardiovascular Diseases, Cardiology, Female, Human medicine, business, [SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology, Follow-Up Studies
Abstract

PubMed: 30403574, 2-s2.0-85057337718, BACKGROUND Patients who have had an acute coronary syndrome are at high risk for recurrent ischemic cardiovascular events. We sought to determine whether alirocumab, a human monoclonal antibody to proprotein convertase subtilisin-kexin type 9 (PCSK9), would improve cardiovascular outcomes after an acute coronary syndrome in patients receiving high-intensity statin therapy. METHODS We conducted a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial involving 18,924 patients who had an acute coronary syndrome 1 to 12 months earlier, had a low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol level of at least 70 mg per deciliter (1.8 mmol per liter), a non-highdensity lipoprotein cholesterol level of at least 100 mg per deciliter (2.6 mmol per liter), or an apolipoprotein B level of at least 80 mg per deciliter, and were receiving statin therapy at a high-intensity dose or at the maximum tolerated dose. Patients were randomly assigned to receive alirocumab subcutaneously at a dose of 75 mg (9462 patients) or matching placebo (9462 patients) every 2 weeks. The dose of alirocumab was adjusted under blinded conditions to target an LDL cholesterol level of 25 to 50 mg per deciliter (0.6 to 1.3 mmol per liter). The primary end point was a composite of death from coronary heart disease, nonfatal myocardial infarction, fatal or nonfatal ischemic stroke, or unstable angina requiring hospitalization. RESULTS The median duration of follow-up was 2.8 years. A composite primary end-point event occurred in 903 patients (9.5%) in the alirocumab group and in 1052 patients (11.1%) in the placebo group (hazard ratio, 0.85; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.78 to 0.93; P

Published
2018

11. Long-Term Clinical and Economic Analysis of the Endeavor Drug-Eluting Stent Versus the Driver Bare-Metal Stent: 4-Year Results From the ENDEAVOR II Trial (Randomized Controlled Trial to Evaluate the Safety and Efficacy of the Medtronic AVE ABT-578 ...

Author

Eisenstein, Eric L., Wijns, William, Fajadet, Jean, Mauri, Laura, Edwards, Rex, Cowper, Patricia A., Kong, David F., and Anstrom, Kevin J.

Subjects
SURGICAL stents, CONTROLLED release drugs, RANDOMIZED controlled trials, TREATMENT effectiveness, REVASCULARIZATION (Surgery), MYOCARDIAL infarction, QUALITY-adjusted life years
Abstract

Objectives: This study was designed to evaluate long-term clinical and economic outcomes for subjects receiving Endeavor drug-eluting versus Driver bare-metal stents (both Medtronic CardioVascular, Santa Rosa, California). Background: Early studies found that the drug-eluting stent (DES) was a clinically and economically attractive alternative to the bare-metal stent; however, associations between DES and very late stent thrombosis suggest that longer follow-up is required. Methods: We used clinical, resource use and follow-up data from 1,197 subjects randomized to receive Endeavor (n = 598) versus Driver (n = 599) stents in ENDEAVOR II (Randomized Controlled Trial to Evaluate the Safety and Efficacy of the Medtronic AVE ABT-578 Eluting Driver Coronary Stent in De Novo Native Coronary Artery Lesions) study with Medicare cost weights and quality of life adjustments applied from secondary sources. We compared differences through 4-year follow-up (1,440 days). Results: Patients in both treatment groups had similar baseline characteristics. The use of Endeavor versus Driver reduced 4-year target vessel revascularization rates per 100 subjects (10.4 vs. 21.5; difference: −11.1; 95% confidence interval [CI]: −16.0 to −6.1; p < 0.001), with no difference in the rates per 100 subjects of death (5.0 vs. 5.2; difference: −0.2; 95% CI: −2.7 to 2.4; p = 0.90) or nonfatal myocardial infarction (3.2 vs. 4.4; difference: −1.2; 95% CI: −3.4 to 1.0; p = 0.29). After discounting at a 3% annual rate, there were no differences in quality-adjusted survival days (1,093 vs. 1,090; difference: 3; 95% CI: −13 to 19; p = 0.69) and total medical costs ($21,483 vs. $21,680; difference: −$198; 95% CI: −$1,608 to $1,207; p = 0.78). Conclusions: The use of Endeavor versus Driver was associated with a significant reduction in target vessel revascularization through 4-year follow-up with no difference in death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, quality-adjusted survival, or total medical costs. These results are comparable to those for other studies evaluating drug-eluting versus bare-metal stents. (Randomized Controlled Trial to Evaluate the Safety and Efficacy of the Medtronic AVE ABT-578 Eluting Driver Coronary Stent in De Novo Native Coronary Artery Lesions [ENDEAVOR II]; NCT00614848) [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Published
2009
Full Text
View/download PDF

12. Long-term Clinical Outcomes Following Coronary Stenting.

Author

Anstrom, Kevin J., Kong, David F., Shaw, Linda K., Califf, Robert M., Kramer, Judith M., Peterson, Eric D., Rao, Sunil V., Matchar, David B., Mark, Daniel B., Harrington, Robert A., and Eisenstein, Eric L.

Subjects
*MYOCARDIAL revascularization, *CORONARY heart disease surgery, *PATIENTS, *SURGICAL stents, *DRUGS, *MYOCARDIAL infarction, *PRECANCEROUS conditions, *CLINICAL trials, *DEATH
Abstract

The article presents a study on long-term clinical outcomes after coronary stenting. The study aimed to compare the long-term clinical outcomes of patients receiving drug-eluting stents (DES) and the outcomes of those who were given bare metal stents (BMS). DES and BMS trials indicated a need for target lesion revascularization with no difference in death and myocardial infarction. Patients undergoing initial revascularization with DES and BMS were tested. According to the result, patients receiving DES or BMS have lower target vessel revascularization (TVR) rates.

Published
2008
Full Text
View/download PDF

13. Extent of ST-segment depression and cardiac events in non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndromes.

Author

Savonitto, Stefano, Cohen, Mauricio G., Politi, Alessandro, Hudson, Michael P., Kong, David F., Huang, Yao, Pieper, Karen S., Mauri, Francesco, Wagner, Galen S., Califf, Robert M., Topol, Eric J., and Granger, Christopher B.

Abstract

Aims We sought to determine whether the extent of myocardial ischaemia on the admission electrocardiogram (ECG) has independent predictive value for short-term risk stratification of patients with non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndromes (NSTE ACS). Although the presence of ischaemic ECG changes on admission has been shown to predict outcome, the relationship between the extent of ECG changes and the risk of cardiac events is still ill defined. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Published
2005
Full Text
View/download PDF

14. Seeking the optimal aspirin dose in acute coronary syndromes

Author

Kong, David F., Hasselblad, Vic, Kandzari, David E., Newby, L.Kristin, and Califf, Robert M.

Subjects
*CORONARY heart disease complications, *ASPIRIN, *BIOLOGICAL assay, *CLINICAL trials, *COMPARATIVE studies, *CORONARY disease, *DOSE-effect relationship in pharmacology, *LONGITUDINAL method, *RESEARCH methodology, *MEDICAL cooperation, *MEDLINE, *MYOCARDIAL infarction, *RESEARCH, *SURVIVAL analysis (Biometry), *SYNDROMES, *EVALUATION research, *RANDOMIZED controlled trials, *TREATMENT effectiveness, *DISEASE incidence, *ACUTE diseases, *PLATELET aggregation inhibitors, MYOCARDIAL infarction-related mortality
Published
2002
Full Text
View/download PDF

15. Meta-Analysis of randomized trials of percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty versus atherectomy, cutting balloon atherotomy, or laser angioplasty

Author

Bittl, John A., Chew, Derek P., Topol, Eric J., Kong, David F., and Califf, Robert M.

Subjects
*CORONARY disease, *META-analysis, *TRANSLUMINAL angioplasty, *MYOCARDIAL infarction
Abstract

: ObjectivesWe conducted a systematic overview (meta-analysis) of randomized trials of balloon angioplasty versus coronary atherectomy, laser angioplasty, or cutting balloon atherotomy to evaluate the effects of plaque modification during percutaneous coronary intervention.: BackgroundSeveral mechanical approaches have been developed that ablate or section atheromatous plaque during percutaneous coronary interventions to optimize acute results, minimize intimal injury, and reduce complications and restenosis.: MethodsSixteen trials (9,222 patients) constitute the randomized controlled experience with atherectomy, laser, or atherotomy versus balloon angioplasty with or without coronary stenting. Each trial tested the hypothesis that ablative therapy would result in better clinical or angiographic results than balloon dilation alone.: ResultsShort-term death rates (<31 days) were not improved by the use of ablative procedures (0.3% vs. 0.4%, odds ratio [OR] 0.94 [95% confidence interval 0.46 to 1.92]), but periprocedural myocardial infarctions (4.4% vs. 2.5%, OR 1.83 [95% CI 1.43 to 2.34]) and major adverse cardiac events (5.1% vs. 3.3%, OR 1.54 [95% CI 1.25 to 1.89]) were increased. Angiographic restenosis rates (6,958 patients) were not improved with the ablative devices (38.9% vs. 37.4%, OR 1.06 [95% CI 0.97 to 1.17]). No reduction in revascularization rates (25.2% vs. 24.5%, OR 1.04 [95% CI 0.94 to 1.14]) or cumulative adverse cardiac events rates up to one year after treatment were seen with ablative devices (27.8% vs. 26.1%, OR 1.09 [95% CI 0.99 to 1.20]).: ConclusionsThe combined experience from randomized trials suggests that ablative devices failed to achieve predefined clinical and angiographic outcomes. This meta-analysis does not support the hypothesis that routine ablation or sectioning of atheromatous tissue is beneficial during percutaneous coronary interventions. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Published
2004
Full Text
View/download PDF

Catalog

Books, media, physical & digital resources
See catalog results