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The study aims to evaluate the health profile of first- and second-generation Romanian immigrants living in Italy compared to their adolescent peers in the country of origin (Romania) and the host population (Italian-borns). Analyses were performed on the 2013/2014 Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) survey data. Romanian natives showed lower levels of health complaints and higher life satisfaction than Romanian migrants, who were similar to the host population, especially the second-generation ones. A comparable prevalence of being bullied was registered among Romanians, both native and immigrant, with significantly lower levels among Italian natives. Bullying others showed the second-generation migrants share a similar prevalence with the host population. The prevalence of liking school a lot was three times higher among the Romanian natives than among their peers living in Italy. Thanks to the HBSC data, this study is the first to examine the health of adolescent migrants from both the perspective of the host country and the population of origin. The results highlight the need for a more nuanced approach to studying immigrant populations, taking into account both the host country’s perspective and the health patterns of the population of origin.

The literature on migrants’ integration and wellbeing is ample, but the case of economic-asylum seekers in a protracted asylum application system is yet to receive sufficient attention. The economic-asylum seekers are a unique group who migrate with an economic motive but apply for asylum to achieve economic integration in the host country. We use the aspiration-capability framework and a mixed-method approach: participant observation, focus group discussion, and field survey, to study a group of economic-asylum seekers from Nigeria when they were waiting for their asylum decisions in Italy. We find that they evaluate their wellbeing by reflecting on their premigration aspirations, integration constraints, and capabilities. They report lower life satisfaction compared to their satisfaction in Nigeria, and were affected by several barriers including structural, psychological, economic, and social constraints. Our study generally describes what it is like to live in limbo and frustration, with a limited assurance for a better tomorrow. It gives voice to the economic-asylum seekers and contributes to the integration literature by examining their perceptions of integration constraints.

Highlights • Both migrants and natives scored higher in mental than in physical Health-related Quality of Life. • Mental health scores between migrants and natives significantly differ. • School education was found to be a significant predictor of mental health in the migrant group: mental health increases with an increase of school education., Purpose The aim of this observational study was firstly, to assess the Health-related Quality of Life (HrQoL) among migrants and German natives in Hamburg, Germany, using the SF-12 mental and physical summary scores and secondly, to evaluate the contribution of selected sociodemographic and socioeconomic variables to explain the variance in mental and physical HrQoL separately for migrants and natives. Methods Face-to-face interviews were conducted with n=809 participants between May 2018 and July 2019 in six randomly selected statistical districts of Hamburg grouped into four levels of socioeconomic status (SES). The SF-12 questionnaire was used to measure the HrQoL. Socioeconomic (school education, income) and sociodemographic (age, gender, marital status, children) data was recorded, too. Results Migrants and natives scored higher in mental (migrants: M=45.77, SD=7.66; natives: M=47.60, SD=6.14) than in physical HrQoL (migrants: M=42.55, SD=5.55; natives: M=42.03, SD=4.71). Natives had a significantly higher (p

This study uses a matching method to provide an estimate of the nativity wealth gap among older households in Europe. This approach does not require imposing any functional form on wealth and avoids validity-out-of-the-support assumptions; furthermore, it allows estimation not only of the mean of the wealth gap but also of its distribution for the common-support sub-population. The results show that on average there is a positive and significant wealth gap between natives and migrants. However, the average gap may be misleading as the distribution of the gap reveals that immigrant households in the upper part of the wealth distribution are better off, and those in the lower part of the wealth distribution are worse off, than comparable native households. A heterogeneity analysis shows the importance of origin, age at migration, and citizenship status in reducing the gap. Indeed, households who migrated within Europe, those who moved at younger ages rather than as adults, and those who are citizens of the destination country display a wealth gap that is consistently smaller over the entire distribution.

We examine how immigrants enter the labor market and whether their integration process varies by host country's immigration history. We focus on two countries - Finland and Sweden - that have similar formal institutions, but differ vastly in their past immigration experience. Nevertheless, in both countries, immigrants tend to find their first jobs in low-paying establishments where the manager and colleagues often share their ethnic background. Time to entry and entry job characteristics vary widely by region of origin. Furthermore, entry job characteristics predict earnings dynamics and job stability. The patterns and associations are remarkably similar in Finland and Sweden. These findings suggest strong regularities in labor market integration and ethnic segregation that are independent of immigration history and ethnic diversity.

Die individuelle gesundheitliche Situation ist eine wichtige Voraussetzung für Integration und Teilhabe an der Gesellschaft. In diesem Bericht wird untersucht, inwiefern in Deutschland Unterschiede in der gesundheitlichen Situation nach Migrationshintergrund bestehen. Konkret steht dabei die körperliche und psychische Gesundheit von Menschen mit Fluchterfahrung im Vordergrund und wird mit Personen mit und ohne Migrationshintergrund verglichen. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass die körperliche Gesundheit von Geflüchteten, die seit 2013 in Deutschland angekommen sind, überdurchschnittlich ist, was teilweise mit der jüngeren Altersstruktur zusammenhängen kann. Außerdem ist die psychische Gesundheit der Geflüchteten, insbesondere bei Personen, die älter als 45 Jahre sind, schlechter als im Bevölkerungsdurchschnitt. Um eine gelingende Integration zu ermöglichen, sind weitere Anstrengungen zur psychischen Unterstützung von Geflüchteten notwendig, DIW Wochenbericht

This paper uses a matching method to provide an estimate of the nativity wealth gap among older households in Europe. This approach does not require imposing any functional form on wealth and avoids validity-out-of-the-support assumptions; furthermore, it allows not only the estimation of the mean of the wealth gap but also its distribution for the common-support subpopulation. The results show that on average there is a positive and significant wealth gap between natives and migrants. However, the average gap may be misleading as the distribution of the gap reveals that immigrant households in the upper part of the wealth distribution are better off, and those in the lower part of the wealth distribution are worse off, than comparable native households. A heterogeneity analysis shows the importance of origin, age at migration and citizenship status in reducing the gap. Indeed, households who migrated within Europe, those who moved at younger ages rather than as adults and those who hold the citizenship of the destination country display a wealth gap that is rather consistently lower over the entire distribution.

It remains unknown how different types of sources affect the reconstruction of life courses and families in large-scale databases increasingly common in demographic research. Here, we compare family and life-course reconstructions for 495 individuals simultaneously present in two well-known Dutch data sets: LINKS, based on the Zeeland province's full-population vital event registration data (passive registration), and the Historical Sample of the Netherlands (HSN), based on a national sample of birth certificates, with follow-up of individuals in population registers (active registration). We compare indicators of fertility, marriage, mortality, and occupational status, and conclude that reconstructions in the HSN and LINKS reflect each other well: LINKS provides more complete information on siblings and parents, whereas the HSN provides more complete life-course information. We conclude that life-course and family reconstructions based on linked passive registration of individuals constitute a reliable alternative to reconstructions based on active registration, if case selection is carefully considered.

The following is a study of the impact of migration on unemployment rates for natives in Sweden, on municipal level. A cross sectional data set has been analyzed using multiple linear regressions. The regression analysis has searched for the impact on the unemployment rates among natives of the size of the share of migrants in the municipalities as well as of the change in the size of the share of migrants during a time span of 13 years. The results show that migration has small or non-existent impact on the unemployment rates of natives. The results vary depending on the period being investigated and also depending on the characteristics of the municipality that is investigated. When dividing the municipalities into three categories (city, urban and rural municipalities) significant impact of migration on native’s unemployment rates is to be found in city and urban municipalities, but not in rural. The results also indicate that the most significant impact is to be found in the present period of time, while in the long term the impact diminishes to become less significant or not significant at all. 10% migrants in a city municipality in 2015 increased natives’ unemployment level that same year by 0.4 percentage units. More rapid increases of the share of migrants in the labor force have more impact as well. A municipality were the share of migrants grew with 1 percentage unit between 2003 and 2015, had 0.1 percentage unit higher unemployment rate for natives in 2015. This study’s results follow the pattern from earlier studies in the field, that since the 1990’s have shown similar effects when measuring different countries on different continents – sometimes the effect has been significant, sometimes not, and when significant the impact has been rather small, often clustering around zero.

In recent years, Turkey has been host to more than two million Syrians seeking refuge. Initially concentrated in the southeastern regions, these refugees now reside throughout the country. There are many questions from policy makers regarding the impact of the population of Syrians Under Temporary Protection on the host community. This paper examines the impact of migrants on regional host communities from a poverty perspective. The paper does not find any negative impacts on poverty for the host community from the increasing population of Syrians Under Temporary Protection as of 2013, despite the high poverty rates experienced among the recent migrants.

Census data from international sources covering 77% of the world's migrant population indicate that the skill composition of migrants in major destination countries, including the US, has been rising over the last four decades. Moreover, the population share of skilled migrants has been approaching or exceeding that of skilled natives. We offer theoretical propositions and empirical tests consistent with these trends via a general-equilibrium model of endogenous growth where human capital, population, income growth and distribution, and migration trends are endogenous. We derive new insights about the impact of migration on long-term income growth and distribution, and the net benefits to natives in both destination and source countries.

This paper discusses the territorial growth of a small Hispanic-Creole town: Santa Fe de la Vera Cruz, as well as the modifications of its estates, Indian towns, parishes, chapels, and forts along during the three last decades of the eighteenth century. Changes took place not only due to strategic migrations of people looking for settlements but also by institutional reform (the Bourbon Reforms, facilitated by the vicinity of viceroyalty officials) that allowed elites to protect their interests. It is thus possible to recognize a frontier policy generated by negociations of subordinate sectors with elite families at a time of cattle raising expansion, and consequently, of a growing demand for land. In addition, city authorities struggled to settle population within us district and thus set their limits in front of neighboring town councils.El trabajo versa sobre el crecimiento espacial de una pequeña aldea hispanocriolla —Santa Fe de la Vera Cruz— y los reacomodamientos que sus pagos, pueblos de indios, curatos, capillas y fuertes tuvieron en las tres últimas décadas del siglo XVIII. Tales adecuaciones se produjeron tanto por estrategias de la población flotante en búsqueda de asentamiento, como por cambios institucionales —en el marco de reformas borbónicas y debido a la cercanía de las autoridades virreinales— con que los vecinos “hidalgos” protegieron sus intereses. Así se reconoce una política de fronteras que resulta de las negociaciones de los sectores subalternos con las familias de elite en un momento de expansión ganadera y consecuente aumento de la demanda por tierras. Asimismo, las autoridades de la ciudad lucharon por fijar población en su jurisdicción a los fines de marcar su espacio frente a los avances de cabildos vecinos.

The mental health of migrants is considered today one of the major problems of individual and public health. Unlike other European countries, such as England and France, where migration is linked to a colonial past, Italy has only recently found itself faced with a tumultuous transformation of identity, becoming from a country of emigration, an immigration country. In light of all this, this work stems from the need to shed light on the relationship between social integration and development of psychiatric disorders in migrants, with particular attention to the correlation between migration and psychotic pathology. Finally, the elaboration of various issues related to the migration process will be dealt with, placing the priority on investigating the greater psychiatric morbidity in migrants compared with natives.