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The research approach of systematic metaphor analysis shows reasons why metaphors are essential for our understanding and make suggestions for analysis and conscious use. The article considers aspects of Berne's first-order structural model from this perspective. The concept of metaphor according to Lakoff and Johnson is first introduced, which goes far beyond the generally used one. Examples from common usage are intended to serve as illustrations. The explanations are intended to encourage reflection on the use of metaphors in transactional analysis concepts in general and to encourage further thinking. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Functional movement disorders are not uncommon in neurological consultations, hospitals and emergency departments. Although the disorder can usually be recognized clinically, the communication of the diagnosis is often unsatisfactory. Those affected are indirectly accused of a lack of insight or openness but it is often the doctors who fail to formulate a coherent and comprehensible explanation of the underlying disorder. In this review an integrative model for the development of functional movement disorders is presented, which places the motor (and nonmotor) symptoms in a neuroscientific light. In addition, explanations and metaphors are presented that have proven helpful in conveying an understanding of the disorder. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In der vorliegenden Arbeit werden zunächst in Anlehnung an die einschlägige Literatur die Definitionen und Arten der Synästhesie im neuropsychologischen Bereich dargestellt. Ferner beschäftigt sich der Beitrag mit den Auslegungen der Synästhesie auf der sprachlichen Ebene. Im weiteren Teil wird auf unterschiedliche Auffassungen der sprachlichen Synästhesie im Allgemeinen eingegangen, d.h. ob die synästhetischen Ausdrücke als Metaphern, Metonymien, Metaphtonymien usw. betrachtet werden sollten. In dem analytischen Teil der Untersuchung wird ein deutscher Beispielsatz analysiert, anhand dessen gezeigt wird, dass auf die sprachliche Synästhesie und besonders ihre sprachlich-konzeptuelle Natur unter strenger Berücksichtigung ihrer kontextuellen Einbettung eingegangen werden sollte.

China Miéville’s Embassytown is a political science fiction novel about a remote planetary colony that is home to both humans and aliens – and about their initial failure to communicate. But Embassytown is also a novel both about language and linguistics. A central element of the plot is the language of the aliens: They speak simultaneously with two mouths and, at the beginning of the novel, they are unable to lie or use metaphors. Communication with their human neighbours is almost impossible, only ›Ambasssadors‹, pairs of clones specifically raised for the task, succeed in speaking the alien language. Over the course of the novel a violent language-induced crisis disrupts the colony’s social order and changes the alien language, so that communication with ordinary humans becomes possible. The paper shows how Miéville uses the plot and worldbuilding of Embassytown to reference specific theories about language, from Hegel to Ogden/Richards’ semiotic triangle. The text sets up a kind of thought experiment to disprove certain linguistic conceptions and uses different narrative strategies to illustrate, test and elucidate others. Embassytown merges narrative and theoretical modes of writing to address a number of linguistic and philosophical subjects such as metaphor and truth, language and religion, and voice and identity. In this way, the novel blends theory and narration to form a kind of ›narrative experiment‹.

The conceptual basis of metaphor (Lakoff & Johnson 2003) is a starting point for considering the relationship between familiar transactional analysis models and the avowed transactional analysis philosophy of »I'm OK, you're OK« (and »They're OK«). Identifying some of the incongruities embedded in transactional analysis language and diagrams offers an opportunity for a fresh perspective that integrates some less known transactional analysis ideas, many of which were developed by educational and organizational practitioners. A new systemic model is described that focuses on the contribution transactional analysis can make to describing and enabling an understanding of what is involved in a healthy developmental process, including growth, learning, thriving, and emotional literacy. This model is derived from an idea developed by Hewson (1990), and it identifies concepts from early and more recent transactional analysis literature that image the supporting of healthy development. It includes preventive and restorative cycles. The intention of this article is to stimulate readers to explore and discuss the notion of developmental transactional analysis and to involve everyone in a cocreative process as »transactional analysis designers« (Summers & Tudor 2000). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Forum: Qualitative Social Research / Qualitative Sozialforschung is the property of Forum Qualitative Social Research and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Linguistische Treffen in Wrocław is the property of Oficyna Wydawnicza ATUT and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Linguistische Treffen in Wrocław is the property of Oficyna Wydawnicza ATUT and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Linguistische Treffen in Wrocław is the property of Oficyna Wydawnicza ATUT and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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Die Metaphernanalyse ist ein etablierter Teil der qualitativen Sozialforschung. Weil dem so ist, wird hier das aktuelle Buch von Peter ADAMS, einem Psychologen aus Neuseeland, der sich seit Jahren um die Erneuerung der Rhetorik bemüht, zum Anlass genommen, über die Macht von Metaphern nachzudenken. Zu diesem Zweck werden zuerst die Thesen von Peter ADAMS vorgestellt, der entschieden die Position vertritt, dass Metaphern Akteure eigener Art sind, dass sie sich mit anderen Metaphern verbinden können und dann zu Monster-Metaphern heranwachsen, die nicht nur das Denken, sondern auch das Handeln der Menschen formen. Im zweiten Teil wird dann aus handlungstheoretischer Perspektive diese Position einer Kritik unterzogen.

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Copyright of Linguistische Treffen in Wrocław is the property of Oficyna Wydawnicza ATUT and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In the article "The Felled Tree - Metaphor and Theology: The Dream of the Tree (Dan 4) in the Light of the Prophecy 'Shoot from the Stump of Jesse' (Isaiah 10:33-11:9)", Naama Golan examines the connection between the dream of the tree in Daniel and the prophecy of the "Shoot from the Stump of Jesse" in Isaiah. She describes three stages of development of the metaphor of the felled tree and the theological messages conveyed by the authors. The article shows that Nebuchadnezzar's dream about the tree in Daniel serves as an "internal biblical interpretation" for the prophecy about the "Shoot from the Stump of Jesse". Three stages can be distinguished in the development of the metaphor of the felled tree. Keywords: Isaiah 10-11, Daniel 4, tree, king, metaphor, theology. [Extracted from the article]

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Copyright of Tekst i Dyskurs is the property of University of Warsaw and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Gartenarbeit und die Beobachtung von Tieren ermöglicht sowohl Studierenden, als auch Schülerinnen und Schülern eine direkte und unmittelbare Erfahrung mit der Natur. Diese Naturerfahrungen sind auch ein wichtiges Element im Bereich der Bildung für nachhaltige Entwicklung (BNE) und dem Klimaschutz. Umweltfreundliches Verhalten wird z.B. durch den Aufenthalt in der Natur positiv beeinflusst (Richardson et al. 2020). Die direkte Auseinandersetzung mit der Natur kann zudem den Lernenden die Möglichkeit bieten die Bedeutung dieser Themen zu erfahren. Laut der Symboltheorie Cassirers (1965) und deren Weiterentwicklung durch Ulrich Gebhard (2020) werden aus bloßen Naturkontakten immer dann Erfahrungen, wenn ein Bedeutungszusammenhang zwischen dem Gegenstand und den Lernenden entsteht und das Gegenüber zu einem Symbol für diesen Zusammenhang werden kann. Basierend auf diesem theoretischen Konzept galt es zu überprüfen, inwiefern Studierende in ihren Hochschulgärten symbolische Naturerfahrungen machen. Die als Go-Along-Interview geführten Gespräche zeigten durch die qualitative Inhaltsanalyse, dass Hochschulgärten eine Vielzahl an Symbolisierungsanlässen bieten und diese von Studierenden auch wahrgenommen werden. Oft stand hierbei „Anschauungsmaterial“ des Schulgartens, wie einzelne Pflanzen oder Beete, als Symbol für Erinnerungen an diese Elemente im Wirklichkeitszusammenhang der Lebenswelt der Studierenden.

Copyright of Zeitschrift für Psychodrama und Soziometrie is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Plato and Aristotle understood phenomena to be knowable to the extent that they participate in the reality of the unchangeable, and this attitude was appropriated by the church fathers as a way of exploring the world's dependence on its Creator. Luther's insistence on the world's sinfulness and on salvation as one-sidedly dependent on divine agency has been criticized as a rejection of this understanding of the inherent goodness of the world, thus paving the way for the secularized world view of modernity. Among these critics is Erich Przywara in his works up to and including his book Analogia Entis from 1932. However, in 1952 Przywara published an article where he found Luther's theology of exchange to be a close parallel to his own doctrine of analogia entis, the implication being that Luther is closer to a Catholic understanding of the world's relationship with God than mainstream post-Enlightenment Protestantism, and this article is an attempt to substantiate that claim. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Paranoia is a clinical and cultural phenomenon of the 21st century. From a Jungian lens, paranoia is thought of in two fundamental ways: as a disorder of meaning rooted in the Self, and the insanity of literalism where metaphor is absent. Paranoia, in our current 'civilization in transition', takes the form of a 'tyranny of unification or the curse of the One' promulgated by waves of fear, panic, horror and exclusion towards everything that differs from the supposedly instituted order. As a single fundamentalist truth, paranoia takes root in the public field of politics where self-exhibitionism feeds the delusional paranoid logic that degrades both the personal and collective fabrics. Jungian psychology offers an antidote to paranoia by cultivating and respecting democratic spaces both analytically and in the collective. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Lublin Studies in Modern Languages & Literature / Lubelskie Materialy Neofilologiczne is the property of Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Department of German & Applied Linguistics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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Copyright of Tekst i Dyskurs is the property of University of Warsaw and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The Renaissance witnessed a proliferation in medical discourse, pedagogical illustration, and popular rhetoric – what I refer to here as "metaphoric botanies" – comparing the human fœtus, or embryo, to a plant. Far from being a mere linguistic inheritance from ancient medicine, such "metaphoric botanies" not only allowed early moderns to conceive of the unobservable development of the human fœtus, but also emphasized the relation of the mother to the unborn child. Much of the "metaphoric botanies" surrounding the fœtus throughout the Renaissance analogize its development to that of a plant "rooting" itself in the mother's uterus, through which it receives sustenance. Though feminist scholarship has made the important argument that such language has historically been utilized in debates surrounding abortion, these "botanies" might also be placed within a certain representational tradition, through which it might be understood as a meditation on species-being and -continuation in a period fraught with epistemological and metaphysical uncertainty. Résumés: La Renaissance a été le témoin dans le discours médical d'une prolifération d'illustrations didactiques et d'une rhétorique populaire d'images comparant le fœtus humain ou l'embryon à une plante. Loin d'être un simple héritage linguistique de la médecine antique, ce que nous appellerons ici botaniques métaphoriques ont non seulement permis aux premiers modernes de concevoir le développement inobservable du fœtus humain, mais elles ont également souligné la relation de la mère à l'enfant à naître. La plupart des botaniques métaphoriques concernant le fœtus tout au long de la Renaissance font l'analogie entre son développement et celui d'une plante qui s'enracinerait dans l'utérus de la mère, par lequel elle reçoit sa subsistance. Bien que la recherche féministe ait avancé l'argument important selon lequel ce langage a historiquement été utilisé dans les débats sur l'avortement, ces botaniques pourraient également être inscrites dans une certaine tradition de représentation, où laquelle elles pourraient être comprises comme une méditation sur l'être et la continuation de l'espèce dans une période chargée d'incertitude épistémologique et métaphysique. Zusammenfassung: Die Literatur der Renaissance zeugt im medizinischen Diskurs, in pädagogischen Illustrationen und in der volkstümlichen Rhetorik von einer starken Zunahme einer sogenannten „metaphorischen Botanik", bei der der menschliche Fötus oder Embryo mit einer Pflanze verglichen wird. Weit davon entfernt, ein bloßes sprachliches Erbe der antiken Medizin zu sein, erlaubte es eine solche „metaphorische Botanik" den Autoren der Frühen Neuzeit nicht nur, sich die unbeobachtbare Entwicklung des menschlichen Fötus vorzustellen, sondern auch die Beziehung der Mutter zu ihrem ungeborenen Kind zu betonen. Ein Großteil der „metaphorischen Botanik", die sich in der Renaissance um den Fötus rankte, verglich seine Entwicklung mit der einer Pflanze, die sich im Uterus der Mutter „verwurzelt" und von ihm ernährt wird. Obwohl die feministische Forschung das wichtige Argument vorgebracht hat, dass eine solche Sprache historisch vornehmlich in Debatten um die Abtreibung verwendet wurde, könnte diese „Botanik" auch in einer bestimmten Darstellungstradition verortet werden, wodurch sie als eine Meditation über das Wesen und Fortbestehen der Spezies in einer von epistemologischer und metaphysischer Unsicherheit geprägten Zeit verstanden werden könnte. 摘要: 在文艺复兴时期的医学论述、教学用插图和大众语汇里，产生出大量的——在此我称为"隐喻性植物学"——之物，将人类的胎儿，或胚胎，类比为一种植物。这种"隐喻性植物学"远非只是某种源自古代医学的语言传承。它不仅使身处早期现代的人们得以想像无法观测的人类胚胎如何成长，同时也强调了母亲与未出生婴儿之间的关联。整个文艺复兴时期里，许多围绕着胚胎的"隐喻性植物学"将其成长类比为在母亲子宫里"扎根"的植物，并依此获得养分。尽管女性主义学者提出了重要的论点，认为这类语言早在历史上堕胎的争论中受到利用，但这种"植物学"也可置于某种再现传统之中。我们可将其理解为在一个认识论和形上学意义上充满不确定性的年代里，对于物种的存－续之事所进行的沉思。 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]