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Aim. To increase the effectiveness of neoadjuvant chemotherapy in patients with locally advanced gastric cancer by correcting nutritional deficiency. Materials and methods. Of 200 patients with locally advanced gastric cancer (mean age 57.2 years (46.168.3), 100 patients received neoadjuvant chemotherapy with nutritional support from 2018 to 2020. One hundred patients received neoadjuvant chemotherapy without nutritional support from 2013 to 2018 (historical control). The incidence of nutritional deficiency before treatment in the neoadjuvant chemotherapy + nutritional support group was 54%, and in the neoadjuvant chemotherapy only group it was 47%. Nutritional status was assessed using anthropometry, questionnaires (NRS-2002, MUST, GLIM), dynamometry, blood tests, bioimpedance. Complications according to NCI CTCAE v5.0; оbjective response rate according to RECIST 1.1; pathomorphological regression according to the JGCA classification (2017); 2-year event-free survival were assessed. Results. The frequency of nutritional deficiency before the start of treatment in the neoadjuvant chemotherapy + nutritional support group was 54%, in the neoadjuvant chemotherapy only group 47%. After the completion of neoadjuvant chemotherapy in the group neoadjuvant chemotherapy + nutritional support the frequency of nutritional deficiency was 1%, in the group neoadjuvant chemotherapy only without nutritional support 62%. In patients with nutritional deficiency in the neoadjuvant chemotherapy + nutritional support group, partial regression was registered in 51.9% of cases, in the neoadjuvant chemotherapy only group it was 27.6% (p0.05). There were no differences in the frequency of pathological response. 2-year event-free survival in patients without nutritional deficiency in the group neoadjuvant chemotherapy + nutritional support was 100%, in the neoadjuvant chemotherapy only group it was 68.5% (p0.001); in patients with nutritional deficiency 72,5 and 60.6% respectively (p0.05). Conclusion. Nutritional deficiency is an important predictive and prognostic marker of the efficacy of neoadjuvant chemotherapy in the treatment of locally advanced gastric cancer. Comprehensive diagnosis of nutritional status and nutritional support can improve the results of neoadjuvant chemotherapy in patients with locally advanced gastric cancer.

Background. Antineoplastic treatment can have late toxic manifestations that can often appear after end of treatment. Children after treatment for acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) have a risk of developing both obesity and undernutrition, which may be concealed by increased fat mass.Objective: to explore the incidence of obesity and hidden undernutrition in children with ALL and to describe the effect of enteral feeding using in these children.Materials and methods. In a retrospective study the data of 62 children with obesity that was revealed by standard examination was analyzed. The criterion of obesity was increased value of fat mass received by bioimpedance analysis. For this evaluation Russian bioimpedance analysis standards were used. Additionally, the included data were following: presence of endocrine pathology, weight change during latter 6 months before admission, physical activity and alimentary characteristics (usual regimen and structure of daily feed).Results. Only 54.8 % of patients with an actual excess of fat body mass index detected obesity (Z‑score higher than +2.00) and another 29 % body mass index was within the normal range (Z‑score from –1.00 to +1.00). This was the result of a tissue imbalance: reduce fat‑free mass. Some patients were diagnosed with insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia. 83.7 % have a completely passive lifestyle. 49.0 % almost do not eat fruits and berries, 79.6 % – vegetables and 91.8 % – fish and seafood. Frequent intake of sweet dishes – 22.4 %, sausage products – 49.0 %, bakery products – 42.9 %, dishes from fast food restaurants – 42.9 %. 55.1 % of patients had more than 5 meals a day, while 18.4 % – less than 3. In or‑ der to correct hidden nutritional deficiencies, 22 patients received artificial nutritional formulas. They had a significant increase in fat‑free mass and a decrease in fat, in comparison with those who did not receive enteral feeding.Conclusion. Treatment‑associated factors, physical activity and alimentary causes play an important role in formation of not only obesity, but also hidden nutritional insufficiency in children with ALL after treatment. Enteral feeding using artificial polymeric formulas showed its effectiveness. An integrated and multidisciplinary approach to solving the problem is appropriate of prevention and treatment of obesity.

Nutritional deficiency is a common complication in the course of cancer. According to the European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism (2017), the incidence of nutritional deficiency in cancer patients ranged from 47 to 89 %. Nutritional deficiency can reach terminal manifestations and proceed in the form of anorexia-cachexia syndrome, being the direct cause of death in 4 out of 20 cancer patients. The prognosis for cancer patients with weight loss is worse than for patients without weight loss. Although the stage of the tumor and resistance to anticancer therapy are the main prognostic factors for patient survival, a large amount of literature data shows that weight loss is a significant and often independent predictor of reduced survival in cancer patients. The review addresses the issues of improving the nutritional status of cancer patients and the main approaches to the treatment of this complication., Нутритивная недостаточность является часто встречающимся осложнением течения онкологического заболевания. По результатам Европейской ассоциации нутритивной терапии (2017), частота нутритивной недостаточности у онкологических больных колебалась от 47 до 89 %. Нутритивная недостаточность может достигать терминальных проявлений и протекать в форме синдрома анорексии-кахексии, являясь непосредственной причиной смерти у 4 из 20 онкологических больных. Прогноз для больных раком с потерей веса хуже, чем у больных без потери веса. Хотя стадия опухоли и резистентность к противоопухолевой терапии являются основными прогностическими факторами выживаемости больных, большое количество данных литературы показывает, что потеря веса является значительным и часто независимым предиктором снижения выживаемости у онкологических больных. В обзоре рассмотрены вопросы улучшения нутритивного статуса онкологических больных и основные подходы к терапии этого осложнения., Нутритивна недостатність є частим ускладненням перебігу онкологічного захворювання. За результатами Європейської асоціації нутритивної терапії (2017), частота нутритивної недостатності в онкологічних хворих коливаєтся від 47 до 89 %. Нутритивна недостатність може досягати термінальних проявів і перебігати в формі синдрому анорексії-кахексії, будучи безпосередньою причиною смерті у 4 з 20 онкологічних хворих. Прогноз для хворих на рак з втратою ваги гірший, ніж у хворих без втрати ваги. Хоча стадія пухлини і резистентність до протипухлинної терапії є основними прогностичними факторами виживаності хворих, велика кількість даних літератури показує, що втрата ваги є значним і часто незалежним предиктором зниження виживаності в онкологічних хворих. В огляді розглянуті питання поліпшення нутритивного статусу онкологічних хворих і основні підходи до терапії цього ускладнення.

Avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID) describes an eating disturbance associated with weight loss or faltering growth in children, significant nutritional deficiency, reliance on oral s...

Malnutrition is common among hospitalized patients and associated with longer hospital stays, higher rates of rehospitalization, and increased mortality. Validated questionnaires of varying sensitivity and specificity to help identify patients at risk of malnutrition have been developed, but none has been broadly adopted. Tools to identify patients at risk for malnutrition should be quick, inexpensive, easy to administer and use, not require specialized nutrition knowledge, and provide results which can be entered into an electronic medical record; ideally, the tool should be deployed within 24 hours of admission and repeated if warranted. We hypothesize that a novel digital nutrition assessment tool which uses the Diet Quality Photo Navigation (DQPN) method, can help triage hospitalized patients toward further evaluation of nutritional status. We further propose that micronutrient deficiencies may be identified at the same time as malnutrition and that the reimbursement and cost savings from DQPN will prove substantially greater than the combined costs of its use and triggered dietitian consult. Deploying DQPN upon admission will represent an addition to standard hospital intake procedure that is frictionless for patients and health professionals, and one which may be overseen by clerical rather than clinical staff. The digital format of DQPN, which can be integrated into electronic medical records, will facilitate easier tracking and management of nutritional status over the course of hospitalization and post-discharge. To evaluate the hypotheses, DQPN will be deployed in a hospital setting to a group of patients who will also be seen by a registered dietitian to assess the nutritional status of each patient. Receiver operating characteristic curves will determine the point, or criterion, at which maximal true positivity rate and least false positivity rate for a diagnosis of malnutrition and specific nutrient deficiencies align. The study cohort will also be compared to a matched historical cohort to compare total medical spend and reimbursement between the intervention cohort and matched control. Testing of these hypotheses will thus allow for insight into whether DQPN may be used to identify malnutrition and nutrient deficiencies in hospitalized patients and, in so doing, improve patient outcomes, reduce healthcare utilization, and bring financial benefit to hospitals.

Epidemics of nutritional deficiency disorders, caused by a lack of vitamins and minerals, were once very common and claimed many victims. Fortunately, advances in medicine have led to improved diets and a decline in the incidence of these disorders so that they are now seen clinically less often. Reminders of diseases such as scurvy, chlorosis, and pellagra can be found in artwork from the 19th century. The striking clinical presentation of these diseases caught the attention of artists who used them as themes in their work. We discuss the following three works of art: Gustave Doré's engraving for The Rime of the Ancient Mariner (plate 10), which features scurvy; Sebastian Junyent's painting Chlorosis; and Giuseppe Mentessi's painting Our Daily Bread, which portrays pellagra.

Saat ini sistem Pakar telah menjadi bidang penelitian bagi ilmuwan komputer juga ilmuwan pertanian untuk aplikasi dalam berbagai pengembangan informasi. Sistem Pakar dapat dirancang untuk mensimulasikan satu atau lebih dari cara seorang ahli pertanian menggunakan pengetahuan dan pengalamannya dalam membuat diagnosis dan meneruskan rekomendasi yang diperlukan terkait defisiensi nutrisi. Defesiensi nutrisi adalah kekurangan bahan makanan untuk kelangsungan hidup pada tanaman. Kandungan hara pada bagian tanaman, terutama didaun, sangat relevan digunakan untuk mengidentifikasi defisiensi nutrisi. Memberikan hasil diagnosis defisiensi nutrisi kepada petani untuk dapat menjadi patokan perbaikan hara tanaman serta pemberian nutrisi yang baik untuk tanaman hidroponik. Data yang digunakan adalah data defisiensi nutrisi dan gejala serta solusi pemberian nutrisi yang diperoleh dari data petani pada Dinas Pertanian Kota Payakumbuh. Metode yang dipakai dalam system pakar ini adalah metode Certainty Factor (CF). Metode ini memberikan diagnosis berupa kepastian atau ketidakpastian kondisi dalam rule yang digunakan untuk menyimpulkan. Hasil dari pengujian terhadap metode ini menunjukan sebanyak 12 defisiensi nutrisi yang terdeteksi dengan 41 gejala yang dialami. Sehingga dapat mengukur tingkat defisiensi nutrisi yang terjadi. Sistem Pakar dalam Menganalisis Defisiensi Nutrisi Tanaman Hidroponik Menggunakan Metode Certainty Factor dapat menunjukkan bahwa prediksi hamper 94% akurat.

Introduction. Nutritional status disorders are common among cancer patients. These disorders significantly reduce the quality of life and worsen the prognosis. Objective: to assess the prevalence of trophic insufficiency in palliative care cancer patients.Materials and methods. An observational, analytical, single-stage (crosssectional) study was conducted, which included 106 cancer patients of a palliative profile. The patients underwent laboratory and instrumental examination, a comprehensive assessment of the trophic status. Results. 77 (72.6%) of the examined patients showed signs of nutritional deficiency. Signs of hypotrophy were found in 19 patients. Hypotrophy of the III degree was not detected in any of the cases, of the II degree — in 4 patients, of the I degree — in 15 patients. Normal or elevated body mass index in some cases is associated with a violation of the nutritional status. A detailed study of the trophic status in cancer patients with palliative profile showed a different significance of each criterion studied. The study of the level of total protein (χ²=1.07, p=0.348), albumin (χ² =7.42, p=0.006), the number of peripheral blood lymphocytes (χ²=12.61, p=0.0004) allowed more often to diagnose a violation of the nutritional status in comparison with somatometric indicators (χ² =2.07, p=0.153) and the value of transferin (χ² =1.07, p=0.348). The study of variants of the combination of reduced indicators of nutritional status in the examined group of patients showed that the use of one criterion in isolation from other clinical and laboratory indicators will lead to underdiagnosis and underestimation of the severity of trophic disorders.Conclusion. In cancer patients with a palliative profile, nutritional disorders are detected with a high frequency. Somatometric indicators of nutritional status do not fully reflect the presence of trophic disorders. A decrease in the level of albumin, total protein, and the number of peripheral blood lymphocytes makes it possible to more often diagnose a violation of the nutritional status in the studied group of patients. However, none of the criteria for nutritional insufficiency can be used in isolation.

Objectives: To study the potential of the bioimpedance method for nutritional status assessment in children with cerebral palsy.Material and methods. There were examined 89 children with cerebral palsy (average age: 10,24 years±3,6 years). Such anthropometric indicators as body height (cm), body weight (kg) and body mass index (BMI, kg/m2) were investigated. The scientists formed two comparison groups: Group 1: 40 children without malnutrition (z-score BMI over 1), Group 2: 49 children with malnutrition (z-score BMI is 1,1 and less). The body composition was evaluated by bioimpedancemetry in both groups of comparison.Results. The scientist found significant differences in body composition in terms of fat mass between boys and girls with cerebral palsy, both with malnutrition and without nutritional deficiency. They determined that children with cerebral palsy without malnutrition demonstrate various changes in the parameters of the body composition comparable to those in patients with trophic deficiency, even before the anthropometry indicators change. According to the parameters of lean mass, active cell mass in the group of children without malnutrition, the results of 40% of boys and girls were below the normative values, which indicated an altered tissue composition of the body and existing deficiency of the protein component.Conclusion. The scientists determined unidirectional changes in the body component composition in children with cerebral palsy and malnutrition and in children without trophic deficiency. The assessment of the body by bioimpedance measurement can serve as an effective tool for the diagnosis of nutritional disorders in children with cerebral palsy.

Anemia, a frequently occurring condition in older patients, has no standard definition; however, in most studies, it is defined as hemoglobin level

Background Inflammatory diseases can interfere with adequate nutrition and even lead to a malnourished state. Nutritional deficiency manifestations may be similar to rheumatologic manifestations. Aim of the work To assess whether malnutrition is an associated feature of rheumatic diseases (RDs). Patients and methods A multicenter study included Egyptian patients with different RDs; nutrition measurements and common features of deficiency were assessed; general appearance, skin, hair/nail changes, spooning of nails, night blindness, mouth problems, edema, tetany, dysphagia, diarrhea, thyromegaly, loss of appetite and weight loss. Results The study included 284 patients with various RDs: rheumatoid arthritis (RA) (n = 128), systemic lupus erythematosus (n = 120), Behcet’s disease (n = 17), spondyloarthritis (n = 6), systemic sclerosis (n = 5), dermatomyositis (n = 2), relapsing polychondritis (n = 2), and one patient each with familial Mediterranean fever, Gout, Still's disease and undifferentiated connective tissue disease. Muscle wasting was present in 44(15.5%) patients, spooning of nails in 26(9.2%), night blindness in 38(13.4%), glossitis in 48(16.9%), tetany in 32(11.3%) and loss of appetite in 51(18%). Although there was significant differences among RDs in some nutritional deficiency signs, the type and their durations did not significantly affect symptoms or signs of nutritional deficiency, while age was associated with peripheral edema (p = 0.014) and tetany (p = 0.009); azathioprine was associated with hair/nail changes (p = 0.04); methotrexate with peripheral edema and hair/nail changes (p = 0.002, p = 0.01 respectively); and hydroxychloroquine was negatively associated with skin rash, wasting and hair/nail changes (p = 0.011, p = 0.001 and p Conclusion Nutritional deficiency is common among RD patients especially elderly and should be monitored frequently regardless type and onset.

Anemia is a clinically important syndrome in small ruminants. Anemia can be divided into regenerative and nonregenerative forms. Differentials for regenerative anemia include hemorrhage owing to gastrointestinal or external parasitism or hemostatic disorders, and hemolysis owing to infectious, osmotic, toxic, and nutritional causes. Differentials for nonregenerative anemia include inflammatory and chronic diseases, renal failure, pancytopenia, copper deficiency, and heavy metal toxicosis. Iron deficiency anemia can be caused by chronic gastrointestinal and external hemorrhage or nutritional deficiency and may be mildly regenerative or nonregenerative. Appropriate diagnostic tests are described along with treatments, including blood transfusion, parasite control, and prevention.

Nutritional deficiency is a major concern in developing countries, resulting in serious health consequences like mental and physical growth retardation. Moringa oleifera (Moringa), a nutritious plant growing in tropical regions of developing countries, is a candidate for overcoming nutritional deficiency. Moringa leaves are rich in protein including sulphur containing amino acids. It contains high amounts of vitamin C than oranges, a higher concentration of vitamin A than carrots, higher calcium content than milk and more potassium than bananas. Moreover, there is 9 times more iron in moringa than spinach and 4 times more fiber than oats. This review enlightens and explores the nutritional diversification of Moringa oleifera and other benefits which make it a better choice to use in our daily diet to combat malnutrition.

Clinicians might encounter with important neurological complications after bariatric surgery. These complications are often irreversible; thus, immediate diagnosis and appropriate treatment might improve neurological outcome. The objective of this study is to investigate neurological problems occurred after bariatric surgery. We attempted to improve the awareness of both clinicians and surgeons on the adverse neurological complications of bariatric surgery and management of these complications. This is a 1-year chart-based retrospective study of 705 patients who underwent bariatric surgery due to morbid obesity. All neurological complications were reviewed. Of the patients, 10 (1.4%) patients developed neurological complications including polyneuropathy, meralgia paresthetica, and peroneal mononeuropathy. There were 9 female and 1 male patients with an average age 28.9 years, ranging from 19 to 47 years. Herein, we reported some significant neurological complications after bariatric surgery in a large number of patient cohort. The percentage of patients who developed neurological complications (1.4%) is low compared with previous literature (ranging between 4.6% and 16%). Reporting this complication rate is important because the consequences of bariatric surgery may be debilitating to both clinicians and surgeons. The most important and frequent known cause of neurological complications is nutritional deficiency. Vitamin deficiency should be investigated at the earliest convenience and be treated quickly.

Though centuries, food is essential for human beings in health and disease. Nutrition is the science of food and its relationship to health. Poor nutrition leads to poor immunity and susceptibility to a different type of infectious disease, metabolic diseases, so forth. Significant advancement has been made during the past 50 years in nutrition and causes of deficiency at cellular levels. A deficiency results from either absolute lack of required food nutrients or defect in assimilation at internal milieu, resulting in Malnutrition. The causes of Malnutrition are multifactorial, particularly in Homoeopathy, the causes of disease or deficiency by the fundamental causes, i.e., Miasm. A thorough understanding of miasms makes easier to treat the innumerable type of chronic diseases, especially Nutritional deficiency disorders. It is necessary to diagnose these deficiency disorders with clinical tools, assess the underlying Miasm, and prescribe the remedy based on the totality of the patient's symptoms.

With the continuous development of the economy and agricultural modernization in the past three decades, nutritional deficiency issues in the Chinese population have been gradually improving. However, new nutritional and health challenges have emerged. Overweight and obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and other chronic diseases have increasingly become major disease burden. In view of the problems above, the State Council released the Healthy China Initiative 2019–2030 focusing on 15 special campaigns and the Healthy Diet Campaign (HDC) as the second campaign. This article intends to interpret HDC in details including the following four aspects: background, major indices, strategies, and features. Healthy diet is the foundation of human health, and the HDC needs to be carried out together with other campaigns to achieve the overall goal of Healthy China.

A avicultura brasileira alcançou, nos últimos anos, níveis de produtividade e de ajuste na sua organização que a colocam como uma das mais competitivas do mundo. O resultado é um produto com qualidade, sanidade, sustentabilidade, que, aliadas a preços competitivos, levou o frango brasileiro a estar presente em mais de 150 países. O objetivo deste trabalho foi fazer uma revisão sobre a celulite aviária associada a ocorrência de Escherichia coli, destacando - se a etiopatogenia, o diagnóstico e a prevenção. Devido a fina espessura da pele dos frangos, vários fatores como deficiência nutricional, substâncias irritantes, toxinas, infecções e problemas de manejo podem potencialmente levar lesões cutâneas. A Escherichia coli é bactéria do grupo coliforme que fermenta a lactose e manitol, com produção de ácido e gás a 44,5 ± 0,2oC em 24 horas, produz indol a partir do triptofano, oxidase negativa, não hidrolisa a uréia e apresenta atividade das enzimas ß galactosidase e ß glucoronidase, sendo considerada o mais específico indicador de contaminação fecal recente e de eventual presença de organismos patogênicos. Portanto, a celulite tendo a E. coli como agente causador pode ser considerada como uma das mais importantes causas de condenação da carne de frango, gerando interesses em termos econômicos por conta das perdas financeiras impostas aos produtores. Além das perdas econômicas, há os riscos relativos à saúde pública, tornando-se necessária a reavaliação dos critérios de condenação em casos de celulite aviária determinados na legislação.

Anaemia, defined as a decreased concentration of blood haemoglobin, is one of the most common nutritional deficiency diseases observed globally and affects more than a quarter of the world's population, especially the women. The haemoglobin count for the women involved in the study were determined using an auto-analyser in a private lab. As a part of subjective assessment, nine questions were asked to all the women who participated in the study. Data was imported to Excel, and tabulation was done. The values were tabulated and analysed. According to the descriptive statistics, under group-1 consisting of home-makers, 50% were anaemic, and 50% were non-anaemic. Under group-2 consisting of working-women 61.1% were anaemic and the rest 38.9% were non-anaemic, which does not show any prominent significance among both the groups. Chi-square test was done to check the significance which provided a Pearson chi-square value-0.450 with a p-value of 0.502(p≥0.05), which was non-significant. As a result, the prevalence of anaemia among the groups is not significant. Within the limits of the study, it is seen that the incidence of anaemia is slightly higher in working women when compared to home-makers. However, this association was not significant since p≥0.05 (p=0.502, chi-square test), which denotes that women lead a compromised quality of life.

Introduction: Deficiency of anemia is a prevalence cause of nutritional deficiency, lacking intake of iron-rich food and lower bioavailability of consumed iron required during pregnancy. Objective: To assess the rate in pregnant women with lower haemoglobin for the determination if cause of anemia and to calculate daily caloric intake of anemia. Materials and Methods: A tertiary care health institute based study carried out with enrolled patients from January 2007 to June 2009. A total of 113 pregnant women with low haemoglobin concentration, and less and controlled group respectively were included in the study. Results: Out of 113 pregnant women divided into two groups, in group one, 30 pregnant women had haemoglobin concentration of 5gm% and group two, 83 pregnant women had haemoglobin concentration between 5.1 to 7gm%. The duration of pregnancy anemia detection were non significance (p = Conclusions: The higher rates of mortality were detected in lower haemoglobin level group, which shows high risk mortality in pregnant women with low level of blood. Keywords: Anemia, Haemoglobin, Iron deficiency, Mortality, Nutrition.

Background Tribals are intrinsically isolated and socially disadvantage groups currently living in India. Health parameters like nutritional deficiency leads them to several health consequences. Main objectives on which study is based, was to know prevalence and determinants of nutritional status among tribal women in Maharashtra. Data sources and methodology Data of 3923 tribal women from the National Family Health Survey (NFHS-4), was used. Bi-variate and Logistic regression was calculated using a statistical tools linked with nutritional status. A spatial tool (ArcGIS) was used to study spatial variation of BMI & Anaemia in Maharashtra. Results The prevalence of underweight is lower among tribal women but more than half of the total women are anaemic, less than 6% of obesity among them in Maharashtra. In the spatial analysis, predominant results of any anaemia of tribal women were found in the Northwest districts of Maharashtra. The highest (2.5–4.6%) and the moderate percentage (1.5–2.5%) of severe anaemia, and obesity were found in almost all the districts located in western Maharashtra, whereas the prevalence of high (48–62%) and moderate (35–48%) underweight was found dispersedly throughout Maharashtra. Conclusion Tribal community in India is most susceptible in terms of social, health and education development. The government needs to focus on regional and community-based development approach for overall health improvement among tribal women in Maharashtra. These results may help policymakers to prepare apt strategies for the overall development of health among the people in general and tribal women in particular.

Dermatologic manifestations of systemic diseases provide distinctive and reliable diagnostic clues that hasten time to intervention and improve overall outcomes. Notably, nutritional deficiencies are a class of diseases with representative and well-established dermatologic associations. Nutritional deficiencies can be primary or secondary and genetic or acquired; however, mucocutaneous findings remain characteristic irrespective of etiology. This review will summarize the major classifications of nutritional deficiencies with a focus on conditions relevant and of greatest impact to the geriatric population. Recent literature has largely supported the well-known, pathognomonic mucocutaneous findings associated with nutritional deficiencies as well as displayed atypical clinical presentations and elucidated pathophysiologic mechanisms, which increases awareness and expands the breadth of knowledge of these disorders. Total and specific micronutrient deficiencies can produce a vast array of mucocutaneous findings. These dermatologic manifestations of nutritional deficiencies are critical for all clinicians to recognize to enable prompt diagnosis and treatment. The geriatric population is specifically at-risk and attentiveness towards subtle signs of disease may substantially improve overall health outcomes.

The aim of the study was to clarify obstetric and perinatal risk in women born with low or overweight. Materials and methods. 343 women with birth weight abnormalities were examined. From them 3 groups are made, according to criterion “weight of the woman at a birth”: I – 107 women with low weight at a birth, II – 126 with excess, III – 110 people with normal weight. The anamnesis, in particular, family and own perinatal, as well as nutritional support, anthropometric data, the structure of pregnancy complications, the rate of growth and development of the fetus, perinatal results were determined. Levels of eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids were determined as markers of nutritional support of the organism, as indicators of angiogenesis were determined – concentration of vascular endothelial growth factor and placental growth factor in blood, morpho-functional studies of placenta were performed. Results.Women born underweight are more likely to have menstrual disorders (every 4), infertility (every 10), miscarriage (every 5) and gynecological diseases. The pathology of gestation in such women and their mothers is similar in spectrum, which is an example of intrauterine programming. The implementation of this program is facilitated by negative factors of nutritional provision: inadequate breastfeeding, economical type of nutrition in favor of restricting protein foods and deviations in the process of angiogenesis. Conclusions.The importance of perinatal history as a factor that determines the increased risk of menstrual disorders, the frequency of infertility, the pathological course of gestation during pregnancy, the predisposition to placental insufficiency and the birth of a child with low weight. Women born with low birth weight and overweight are a contingent of increased perinatal risk, which is associated with a complicated own perinatal history on the background of obstetric pathology in their mothers. This fact complements the concept of intrauterine programming.

The problem of nutritional deficiency and the formation of postnatal body weight deficit in the first days after birth is characteristic mainly of premature babies. Newborns with very low birth weight have energy reserves that meet their needs only during the first 2-3 days of life. Even full-term babies quickly develop a catabolic type of metabolism if they do not get enough protein and calories. All preterm infants have an extremely low birth weight; there is a risk of early postnatal growth retardation associated with the formation of cumulative nutritional deficiencies and negative neurological consequences remotely. Therefore, an important result of quality medical care for newborns is the achievement of adequate (or as adequate as possible) nutrition, prevents or corrects nutritional deficiencies, and ensures the appropriate growth and development of the child. In the absence of full-fledged enteral feeding for medical reasons, parenteral nutrition is used. The purpose of the presented clinical recommendations is to improve the quality of medical care for significantly premature infants (gestational age less than 32 weeks), newborns with necrotizing enterocolitis, surgical pathology of the digestive tract, etc., by introducing modern approaches to effective and safe parenteral nutrition. The data presented are based on the ESPGHAN / ESPEN / ESPR Guidelines on Pediatric Parenteral Nutrition (2018) and NICE Neonatal Parenteral Nutrition (2020) and are intended for neonatologists, pediatric anesthesiologists, pediatricians, nurses, and other healthcare professionals involved in providing medical care to newborns for daily practice

OBJECTIVES: Oral Lichen Planus (OLP) is an immune mediated disease and causes oro-mucosal burning sensation that reduces food intake and hence resulting in nutritional deficiency. The present study was done to evaluate the serum levels of vitamin B12 in patients with symptomatic OLP and establish an association between reduced B12 levels and OLP. MATERIALS AND METHOD: Serum vitamin B12 was assessed in 60 symptomatic cases of oral lichen planus and 60 healthy age and gender matched controls. RESULTS: Serum vitamin B12 was significantly reduced (p value

This Article Surveyed the Nature and Structure of Maternal Ananemia among the Poor Women Groups in India which exclaimed the Nature of Poverty and Health Hazardness are Associated deeply with in maternal Ananemia among the poor women groups. This study at large extent claimed that the structure, patterns and morphic of maternal anaemia problems among the poor women who substantially lactating nutritional deficiency in different form which causes and consequences the destitutes during their pregnancy. This study also observed various nature of incidence, causes, and consequences of maternal anaemia among the poor women in India. It also highlights the Management and Administration of Maternal Anaemia among of the poor women during pregnancy in India.

In 1907, colonial officials in Lesotho first reported the nutritional deficiency disease pellagra. After drought in 1933, cases increased. The number rose through the 1940s, continuing upwards to 1...

Background: Malnutrition is a condition of severe nutritional deficiency caused by an insufficient intake of energy and protein from daily food consumption. The most lethal impacts are declined IQ score, decreased cognitive development, and diminished sensory integration, which could harm the life of the children and resulted in the loss of the national youth generation. One effort to overcome this problem is to develop a diet alternative using F100 materials substituted from kelor (Moringa Oleifera) flour as the main ingredient and reform it into edible biscuits. Kelor leaves contain multiple micronutrient elements that are essential for children and have been proven to increase the nutritional status of children with malnutrition. Objective: This research aims to identify the effect of the supplementation of F100 biscuits modified with kelor flour substitution on the nutritional status of under-five children with malnutrition. Methods: This was a pre-experimental study conducted in Kendari city Indonesia from May-June 2019. Twenty children were included and given modified biscuits on a scale of 100 gm per day for six consecutive weeks. Data were analyzed using dependent and independent sample t-test. Results: There was a significant effect of the supplementation of F100 modified biscuits on the nutritional status of under-five children with malnutrition ( p = 0.002). Conclusion: The F100 supplementation modified with kelor flour substitution biscuits has been proven to be effective in increasing the nutritional status of under-five children with malnutrition.

Purpose: People with Crohn's disease are at risk of nutritional deficiency, especially those subject to strict diet. Aim of this study is to study the relationship between malnutrition and Crohn's disease during clinical remission.Methods: The patients were randomized from the Benghazi Medical Center. The total of the patients was 50 patients with 26 males and 24 females aged from 18 years and over was performed between the January 2017 to April 2017. Self-administered questionnaire was used to collect personal information. The questionnaire included socio-economic characteristics, anthropometry, 24hr.recall method to find out whether they are malnourished or not.Result: approximately 82% of patients had their weight within the normal range, while 8% of their weight was below the normal range among of them approximately 6% represented with men according to the BMI. As for skin fold thickness, it appeared that 36% of patients have ideal fat levels, 26% have lower fat levels, while ,22% have medium fat levels, whereas the rest (14%) have higher fat levels. Regarding the 24-hour recall method shows that most patients had their daily calories at a low rate and the maximum daily calorie consumption was 1115Kcal , while the minimum was 305Kcal.Conclusion: We conclude that the relationship between Crohn's disease and malnutrition is does not exist based on our study. Our study may lack some laboratory investigations of patients. Future studies will be needed to document the relation between malnutrition and Crohn's disease.

BACKGROUND Reports of nutritional deficiencies in patients with thalassemia (Thal) are common. Despite its importance, however, nutritionally focused research in Thal has been limited by inadequate sample size, inconsistent methodology, a lack of control comparisons, and few interventional trials. Due to these limitations, clinicians lack evidence-based nutrition recommendations to support clinical decision-making. This systematic review summarizes observed relationships between nutrition and morbidity in Thal published in the last 3 decades. METHODS PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase were screened for articles pertaining to nutrition in Thal using comprehensive search terms. Studies performed in humans, written in English, and published between 1990 and 2020 were included. Over 2100 manuscripts were identified, from which 97 were included. RESULTS Patients with Thal were most often deficient in vitamins A, C, D, selenium, and zinc. Prevalence of nutritional deficiency was positively correlated with age and iron overload. Evidence to support the role of vitamin D and zinc for bone health was observed; zinc was also found to improve glucose metabolism. CONCLUSIONS Due to the risk for multinutrient deficiency, nutritional status should be assessed annually in patients with Thal with prompt nutrient replacement when deficiency is detected. Routine supplementation with vitamin D and zinc is recommended.

Hair losscan be recognized as a life-threatening disorder. It is a health conditionduring whichhair is lost from some or all areas of the body, usually from the scalp. However, it has a great harm to a person’s self-respect, mental health, and entirety quality of life. Balding can be caused because of various reasons, like genetic tendencies, environmental triggers, exposure to chemicals, medicines, nutritional deficiency, extreme stress or long illness etc. In present article, we have covered information about loss of hair loss, types of alopecia, causes and various medicinal plants and parts they’re of used in treatment prophylaxis or treatment of hair loss.

Celiac disease (CD) is a chronic autoimmune disorder of the small intestine, whose only effective treatment is a gluten-free diet (GFD). It is characterized by the atrophy of the intestinal villi that leads to altered nutrient absorption. This study describes the nutritional imbalances which may be found in adults with CD following a GFD. During the first year of treatment, deficiencies will overcome as the intestinal mucosa recovers. Thus, biochemical data will show this progression, together with the decrease in symptoms. In contrast, in the long term, when a strict GFD is followed and mucosal recovery is achieved, analyzing nutrient intake makes more sense. Macronutrient consumption is characterized by its low complex carbohydrate and fiber intakes, and high fat (especially SFA) and sugar intakes. This profile has been related to the consumption of GFP and their nutritional composition, in addition to unbalanced dietary habits. The most notable deficiencies in micronutrients are usually those of iron, calcium and magnesium and vitamin D, E and some of group B. It is necessary to follow up patients with CD and to promote nutritional education among them, since it could help not only to achieve a gluten free but also a balanced diet. Gesala Perez-Junkera and Maialen Vázquez-Polo are fellowships of the Basque Government and the University of the Basque Country respectively. The GLUTEN3S research group is supported by a grant (GIU 18/78) from the University of the Basque Country, UPV/EHU.

A 69-year-old man with irritable bowel syndrome on a restricted diet presented with fatigue, myalgias, extensive bilateral lower-extremity petechiae and ecchymoses, transfusion-refractory anemia, and elevated inflammatory markers. A low serum vitamin C level led to the diagnosis of scurvy. This is the first reported case of vitamin C deficiency and clinical scurvy related to voluntary dietary restriction from irritable bowel syndrome in an adult patient.

Introduction: For the prevention of symptoms of deficiency and to maintain satisfactory level of the nutrient in the body, consumption of nutrients as par Recommended Daily Allowance (RDA) is very important. Aims and Objectives: To evaluate the level of micro and macro nutrients consumption among the study participants and their comparison with the current RDA recommendation. Materials and Methods: Five hundred and two patients and their attendants visiting the OPD of Diabetes, Obesity & Thyroid Center, Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh for their routine follow ups were studied. Sociodemographic details including age, sex, height and weight were recorded. Dietary recall of two days was taken on a predesigned proforma. Details of the intake of various macronutrients and micronutrients were estimated by Dietcal software. Results: Mean age of study participants was 44.51±12.53 years with male preponderance (51.8%). Females were found to consume less macronutrients (p Conclusion: Present study population had lower amount of protein, higher amount of fats and carbohydrates intake; micronutrients intake was also very low as compared to RDA. Keywords: Recommended daily allowance, Nutritional deficiency, India, macronutrients, Micronutrients.

Pancytopenia is characterised by anaemia, leukopenia and thrombocytopenia. The common causes of pancytopenia in children are acute leukemia, nutritional deficiency anaemia, aplastic anaemia, bone marrow suppression (by drugs and various infections etc) and myelophthisic anaemia. Complete examination of the patient along with routine haematological investigation is very important in establishing the various causes of pancytopenia. Keywords: Pancytopenia, Megaloblastic anaemia, Acute leukemia, Hypoplastic marrow.

As humans conquered indectious communicable diseases, nutritional deficiency as well as conditions responsible for maternal and perinatal mortality and lifespan increased, new problems such as diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular, respiratory, and renal diseases, mental health, and drug abuse became significant health issues. Cloistered under a single umbrella term noncommunicable diseases (NCDs), these conditions as well as noncommunicable eye diseases are characterized by a course that is prolonged with multiple morbidities and an unequal distribution that puts the poor and the vulnerable at a disadvantage. Our country is going through the phase of communicable disease to noncommunicable disease (NCD) transition. And hence it is absolutely vital for us to plan and execute effective strategies to control these conditions.

Currently, bariatric / metabolic surgery is the most effective way to combat obesity and associated metabolic disorders, in particular type II diabetes. The risk of developing nutritional deficiency may be one of the main consequences of all bariatric / metabolic surgical interventions. This article covers literature analysis and our own experiences regarding the correction of vitamins and trace elements. The frequency of development of nutritional deficiency depends on the type of bariatric / metabolic technique performed. The presence of nutritional deficiency increases the incidence of purulent-infectious complications and mortality in this category of patients. Nutritional deficiency leads to the development of other deficiencies associated with insufficient absorption of nutrients such as vitamins, trace elements, etc. Keeping in mind the bypass mechanism of some bariatric / metabolic operations, physiology and competition of the absorbed nutrients in certain departments of the digestive system, we conducted a literature review and our own observations on replacement therapy for deficiencies that exist.

Malnutrition is a common problem in children with congenital heart defects, regardless of the type of defect and the presence / absence of cyanosis. Children born with heart defects form a high-risk group of nutritional deficiency. Surgical treatment of congenital heart defects is often accompanied by metabolic changes and increased needs of energy and protein. Correction of nutritional status in children with congenital heart diseases improves the condition of patients after cardiac surgery. The purpose of our study was to assess the nutritional status of children with congenital heart defects hospitalized to the cardiac surgery department, and to correct their enteral nutrition. The authors analyzed anthropometric data on the Z-score (weight – age) of children admitted to the department for examination and correction of heart disease. The authors concluded that there is need for further studies to assess the impact of changes in nutritional status on the incidence and mortality of patients with congenital heart defects and the possibility of optimal correction of nutritional status.

This paper describes histological findings in the liver of Lutjanus guttatus after an acute mortality event in fish cultivated by river fishermen from Colima, Mexico, who were making their first attempt to cultivate this species. During 187 days, divided into two stages, 20,000 juveniles (6 g) were randomly distributed in three floating cages (125 m3). During the first 110 days (pre-fattening), the fish were fed commercial feed. From days 111 to 180 (fattening), the fish were given a test feed, high in fat (20.4%) and low in protein (30.2%). At the end of the first stage, the fish showed good biometric parameters as well as normal behavior and healthy appearance. During the second stage, starting on day 175, a strange behavior was observed followed by an acute mortality event; this alarmed the group of fishermen, who requested our intervention. In the necropsy and the histopathological analysis, the liver of the fish showed clear evidence of hepatocellular steatosis, possibly as a result of the nutritional stress to which they were subjected during cultivation. The present work can serve as a basis for future research, given the scarce information of this pathology in this fish species.

Introduction: Presently, bariatric surgery is considered the most compelling treatment modality for morbid obesity patient and one of the most effective procedures. The study aimed to identify the prevalence and determinants of patients’ compliance to the recommended vitamin and mineral supplements and to identify the prevalence and determinants of post-bariatric surgery nutritional deficiencies in King Fahad General Hospital in Jeddah city so as to improve the patients’ health. Materials and Methods: This is a cross-sectional study wherein a validated questionnaire was used to collect data and were encoded and analyzed using IBM SPSS version 23, (IBD Corp., Armonk, NY). Results: The findings of the study showed that nutritional deficiency is more likely to happen to female gender who is working. The study also revealed that deficiencies are common in HB, Vit D, Vit B12, calcium, iron and folate. The longer the period of intensive fluid taken following surgery increases the risk of vitamin deficiency. Furthermore, there’s low compliance to vitamins and supplements and patients who underwent bariatric surgery only become adherent to vitamins/minerals when they discover complications. Conclusion: This study concluded that there are various factors causing and affecting nutritional deficiencies preoperatively and postoperatively such as gender, work status, complications, and vitamins and supplements compliance. Overall, the present study concluded that it is imperative for the patients to adhere to vitamins and supplements intake according to the recommendation of the clinicians and dieticians. Keywords: Obesity, Bariatric surgery, Nutritional deficiency.

Developmental anomalies affecting orofacial region are not that uncommon. Genetic factors play an important role in developmental anomalies of the orofacial region. However, the role of other factors including nutrition cannot be disregarded. This review focuses on the current literature regarding the role of nutrition in the normal development and various developmental anomalies associated with nutritional deficiency. Neural crest cells have an enigmatic role in the development of orofacial region, and there are evidences to support the importance of nutrition in its differentiation. Studies have been conducted to document the role of some nutrients in the development and growth; despite that there are many, the roles of which are not yet established. Most of the studies are focused on orofacial clefts but very sparse in other orofacial anomalies. The impact of malnutrition can also be considered a key factor in developmental anomalies of orofacial region. There is an increasing need of awareness regarding balanced nutrition for the mother and developing child. Although role of nutrition in normal development is established the role of many nutrients are still not established which highlights the need for further research.

BackgroundInfants who are iron-deficient anemic seek and receive less stimulation from their caregivers, predisposing such children to be functionally isolated.ObjectivesTo test the sequence whereby iron deficiency in infancy contributes to children's disengagement from the environment, which reduces parent stimulation which, in turn, contributes to children's poor verbal skills.MethodsChilean children (N = 875, 54% male) were studied, 45% of whom were iron deficient or iron-deficient anemic in infancy. We used structural equation modeling to test the sequence outlined above and to examine the effect of infant iron status on children's verbal performance at ages 5 and 10years including the roles of child and parent intermediate variables.ResultsSeverity of iron deficiency in infancy was associated with higher levels of children's dull affect and social reticence at 5years (β = .10, B = .26, SE = .12, p

Background: Anemia is the most frequent hematologic abnormality of HIV disease and one of the most common manifestations of nutritional deficiency disorders in the world. In sub-Saharan Africa, about 70% of the world’s people living with HIV/AIDS, where the prevalence of anemia is higher than in developed countries. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and factors associated with anemia among people living with HIV at Dodoma regional hospital during 2013-2014. Methodology: A retrospective cross-section study conducted among PLWHIV at Dodoma Regional Hospital between 2015 and 2016. A total of 869 PLWHIV were enrolled. Data extraction sheet were used to collect Socio- demographics, immune-hematological data and ARV status from existing patient’s files (CTC 2 card). Double entry of data in Microsoft excel were done and transferred for analyzing using SPSS v.16. Results: Majority of them were females 648(74.6%)and 508(58.2%) were between 19-45years with mean age of 38.84(±14.09). 824(94. 8%) were on ARV; where 640(73.6%) are from urban. The overall prevalence of anaemia among PLHIV was 59.5% of which 56.6% of these were on ARV, and 2.9% were not on ARV. Age, sex and CD4+ counts Conclusion: Moderate anaemia was common in the study population. Screening and management of anemia along with the proper use Anti-retroviral therapy may decrease risk of anemia and the effect ARV on red blood cells. Haemoglobin measurements should be taken before initiation of ARV and routinely followed among ARV users.

Cardiovascular calcification is the ectopic deposition of calcium-phosphate crystals within the arterial wall and the aortic valve leaflets. This pathological process leads to increased vascular stiffness, reduced arterial elasticity, and aortic valve stenosis, increasing the risk of cardiovascular diseases. Although cardiovascular calcification is an increasing health care burden, to date no medical therapies have been approved for treating or preventing it. Considering the current lack of therapeutic strategies and the increasing prevalence of cardiovascular calcification, the investigation of some nutraceuticals to prevent this pathological condition has become prevalent in recent years. Recent preclinical and clinical studies evaluated the potential anti-calcific role of nutraceuticals (including magnesium, zinc, iron, vitamin K, and phytate) in the progression of vascular calcification, providing evidence for their dietary supplementation, especially in high-risk populations. The present review summarizes the current knowledge and latest advances for nutraceuticals with the most relevant preclinical and clinical data, including magnesium, zinc, iron, vitamin K, and phytate. Their supplementation might be recommended as a cost-effective strategy to avoid nutritional deficiency and to prevent or treat cardiovascular calcification. However, the optimal dose of nutraceuticals has not been identified and large interventional trials are warranted to support their protective effects on cardiovascular disease.

With rising of the general global population there also an increase in the number of elderly people which ultimately increase in the edentulism. Moreover, the elderly population is affected by systemic and metabolic diseases, most commonly being Diabetes Mellitus along with nutritional deficiency. Also, nutritional deficiency may develop due to the inability of the elderly population to chew food properly due to loss of teeth following various reasons and leading to complete or partial edentulism. This review is aimed to find a correlation between, edentulism, nutrition, and diabetes and can the treatment of edentulism has an effect on the improvement of nutritional status in diabetic patients.