8 results on '"human genetic"'
Number of results to display per page
Search Results
2. Integrative genomic analysis of the human immune response to influenza vaccination
- Author
-
Luis M Franco, Kristine L Bucasas, Janet M Wells, Diane Niño, Xueqing Wang, Gladys E Zapata, Nancy Arden, Alexander Renwick, Peng Yu, John M Quarles, Molly S Bray, Robert B Couch, John W Belmont, and Chad A Shaw
- Subjects
Complex-trait genetic ,Vaccine ,Human genetic ,Integrative biology ,Systems biology ,eQTL ,Medicine ,Science ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 - Abstract
Identification of the host genetic factors that contribute to variation in vaccine responsiveness may uncover important mechanisms affecting vaccine efficacy. We carried out an integrative, longitudinal study combining genetic, transcriptional, and immunologic data in humans given seasonal influenza vaccine. We identified 20 genes exhibiting a transcriptional response to vaccination, significant genotype effects on gene expression, and correlation between the transcriptional and antibody responses. The results show that variation at the level of genes involved in membrane trafficking and antigen processing significantly influences the human response to influenza vaccination. More broadly, we demonstrate that an integrative study design is an efficient alternative to existing methods for the identification of genes involved in complex traits.
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. A role of PIEZO1 in iron metabolism in mice and humans
- Author
-
Ardem Patapoutian, Shang Ma, Adrienne E. Dubin, Seyed Ali Reza Mousavi, Adam Coombs, Yunxiao Zhang, Meaghan Loud, Immacolata Andolfo, Yu Wang, Ma, S., Dubin, A. E., Zhang, Y., Mousavi, S. A. R., Wang, Y., Coombs, A. M., Loud, M., Andolfo, I., and Patapoutian, A.
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Aging ,Iron Overload ,Macrophage ,Iron ,Regulator ,Hepcidin ,Arthritis ,Mechanotransduction, Cellular ,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Ion Channel ,Stress, Physiological ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Erythropoiesi ,human genetic ,iron metabolism ,Hepatocyte ,Mechanotransduction ,Allele ,African American ,030304 developmental biology ,mechanotransduction ,0303 health sciences ,Phagocytosi ,biology ,Animal ,PIEZO1 ,medicine.disease ,Mice, Inbred C57BL ,Endocrinology ,Phenotype ,Gain of Function Mutation ,biology.protein ,Erythrocyte Count ,Erythropoiesis ,Cohort Studie ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Human - Abstract
Iron overload causes progressive organ damage and is associated with arthritis, liver damage, and heart failure. Elevated iron levels are present in 1%-5% of individuals; however, iron overload is undermonitored and underdiagnosed. Genetic factors affecting iron homeostasis are emerging. Individuals with hereditary xerocytosis, a rare disorder with gain-of-function (GOF) mutations in mechanosensitive PIEZO1 ion channel, develop age-onset iron overload. We show that constitutive or macrophage expression of a GOF Piezo1 allele in mice disrupts levels of the iron regulator hepcidin and causes iron overload. We further show that PIEZO1 is a key regulator of macrophage phagocytic activity and subsequent erythrocyte turnover. Strikingly, we find that E756del, a mild GOF PIEZO1 allele present in one-third of individuals of African descent, is strongly associated with increased plasma iron. Our study links macrophage mechanotransduction to iron metabolism and identifies a genetic risk factor for increased iron levels in African Americans.
- Published
- 2021
4. Pharmacogenomics and personalized medicine
- Author
-
Erika Cecchin, Gabriele Stocco, Cecchin, E., and Stocco, G.
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,lcsh:QH426-470 ,human genetics ,Human genetics ,Personalized medicine ,Pharmacogenomics ,Pharmacology ,Efficacy ,Pharmacogenomic ,Genetics ,medicine ,Humans ,Precision Medicine ,Medical prescription ,Intensive care medicine ,Genetics (clinical) ,Human genetic ,pharmacogenomics ,business.industry ,personalized medicine ,Precision medicine ,Pharmacogenomic Testing ,Irinotecan ,lcsh:Genetics ,Editorial ,Pharmacogenetics ,pharmacology ,business ,Biomarkers ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Pharmacogenomics is one of the emerging approaches to precision medicine, tailoring drug selection and dosing to the patient’s genetic features. In recent years, several pharmacogenetic guidelines have been published by international scientific consortia, but the uptake in clinical practice is still poor. Many coordinated international efforts are ongoing in order to overcome the existing barriers to pharmacogenomic implementation. On the other hand, existing validated pharmacogenomic markers can explain only a minor part of the observed clinical variability in the therapeutic outcome. New investigational approaches are warranted, including the study of the pharmacogenomic role of the immune system genetics and of previously neglected rare genetic variants, reported to account for a large part of the inter-individual variability in drug metabolism. In this Special Issue, we collected a series of articles covering many aspects of pharmacogenomics. These include clinical implementation of pharmacogenomics in clinical practice, development of tools or infrastractures to support this process, research of new pharmacogenomics markers to increase drug efficacy and safety, and the impact of rare genetic variants in pharmacogenomics.
- Published
- 2020
5. NFAT5 and SLC4A10 Loci Associate with Plasma Osmolality
- Author
-
Carsten A. Böger, Mathias Gorski, Gearoid M. McMahon, Huichun Xu, Yen-Pei C. Chang, Peter J. van der Most, Gerjan Navis, Ilja M. Nolte, Martin H. de Borst, Weihua Zhang, Benjamin Lehne, Marie Loh, Sian-Tsung Tan, Eric Boerwinkle, Morgan E. Grams, Peggy Sekula, Man Li, Beth Wilmot, James G. Moon, Paul Scheet, Francesco Cucca, Xiangjun Xiao, Leo-Pekka Lyytikäinen, Graciela Delgado, Tanja B. Grammer, Marcus E. Kleber, Sanaz Sedaghat, Fernando Rivadeneira, Tanguy Corre, Zoltan Kutalik, Sven Bergmann, Carrie M. Nielson, Priya Srikanth, Alexander Teumer, Martina Müller-Nurasyid, Anne Catharina Brockhaus, Arne Pfeufer, Wolfgang Rathmann, Annette Peters, Martha Matsumoto, Mariza de Andrade, Elizabeth J. Atkinson, Cassianne Robinson-Cohen, Ian H. de Boer, Shih-Jen Hwang, Iris M. Heid, Martin Gögele, Maria Pina Concas, Toshiko Tanaka, Stefania Bandinelli, Mike A. Nalls, Andrew Singleton, Salman M. Tajuddin, Adebowale Adeyemo, Jie Zhou, Ayo Doumatey, Shannon McWeeney, Joanne Murabito, Nora Franceschini, Michael Flessner, Michael Shlipak, James G. Wilson, Guanjie Chen, Charles N. Rotimi, Alan B. Zonderman, Michele K. Evans, Luigi Ferrucci, Olivier Devuyst, Mario Pirastu, Alan Shuldiner, Andrew A. Hicks, Peter Paul Pramstaller, Bryan Kestenbaum, Sharon L.R. Kardia, Stephen T. Turner, LifeLines Cohort Study, Tamara Ellefson Briske, Christian Gieger, Konstantin Strauch, Christa Meisinger, Thomas Meitinger, Uwe Völker, Matthias Nauck, Henry Völzke, Peter Vollenweider, Murielle Bochud, Gerard Waeber, Mika Kähönen, Terho Lehtimäki, Winfried März, Abbas Dehghan, Oscar H. Franco, Andre G. Uitterlinden, Albert Hofman, Herman A. Taylor, John C. Chambers, Jaspal S. Kooner, Caroline S. Fox, Robert Hitzemann, Eric S. Orwoll, Cristian Pattaro, David Schlessinger, Anna Köttgen, Harold Snieder, Afshin Parsa, David M. Cohen, Lifestyle Medicine (LM), Groningen Kidney Center (GKC), Vascular Ageing Programme (VAP), Life Course Epidemiology (LCE), Value, Affordability and Sustainability (VALUE), Groningen Institute for Organ Transplantation (GIOT), Böger, Carsten A., Gorski, Mathia, Mcmahon, Gearoid M., Xu, Huichun, Chang, Yen Pei C., Van Der Most, Peter J., Navis, Gerjan, Nolte, Ilja M., De Borst, Martin H., Zhang, Weihua, Lehne, Benjamin, Loh, Marie, Tan, Sian Tsung, Boerwinkle, Eric, Grams, Morgan E., Sekula, Peggy, Li, Man, Wilmot, Beth, Moon, James G., Scheet, Paul, Cucca, Francesco, Xiao, Xiangjun, Lyytikäinen, Leo Pekka, Delgado, Graciela, Grammer, Tanja B., Kleber, Marcus E., Sedaghat, Sanaz, Rivadeneira, Fernando, Corre, Tanguy, Kutalik, Zoltan, Bergmann, Sven, Nielson, Carrie M., Srikanth, Priya, Teumer, Alexander, Müller Nurasyid, Martina, Brockhaus, Anne Catharina, Pfeufer, Arne, Rathmann, Wolfgang, Peters, Annette, Matsumoto, Martha, De Andrade, Mariza, Atkinson, Elizabeth J., Robinson Cohen, Cassianne, De Boer, Ian H., Hwang, Shih Jen, Heid, Iris M., Gögele, Martin, Concas, MARIA PINA, Tanaka, Toshiko, Bandinelli, Stefania, Nalls, Mike A., Singleton, Andrew, Tajuddin, Salman M., Adeyemo, Adebowale, Zhou, Jie, Doumatey, Ayo, Mcweeney, Shannon, Murabito, Joanne, Franceschini, Nora, Flessner, Michael, Shlipak, Michael, Wilson, James G., Chen, Guanjie, Rotimi, Charles N., Zonderman, Alan B., Evans, Michele K., Ferrucci, Luigi, Devuyst, Olivier, Pirastu, Mario, Shuldiner, Alan, Hicks, Andrew A., Pramstaller, Peter Paul, Kestenbaum, Bryan, Kardia, Sharon L. R., Turner, Stephen T., Study, Lifelines Cohort, Briske, Tamara Ellefson, Gieger, Christian, Strauch, Konstantin, Meisinger, Christa, Meitinger, Thoma, Völker, Uwe, Nauck, Matthia, Völzke, Henry, Vollenweider, Peter, Bochud, Murielle, Waeber, Gerard, Kähönen, Mika, Lehtimäki, Terho, März, Winfried, Dehghan, Abba, Franco, Oscar H., Uitterlinden, Andre G., Hofman, Albert, Taylor, Herman A., Chambers, John C., Kooner, Jaspal S., Fox, Caroline S., Hitzemann, Robert, Orwoll, Eric S., Pattaro, Cristian, Schlessinger, David, Köttgen, Anna, Snieder, Harold, Parsa, Afshin, and Cohen, David M.
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,medicine.medical_specialty ,hyponatremia ,Body water ,Water-Electrolyte Imbalance ,PROTEIN ,human genetics ,Genome-wide association study ,Biology ,03 medical and health sciences ,Plasma ,NFAT5 ,Internal medicine ,Gene expression ,Genetic variation ,Transcriptional regulation ,medicine ,Humans ,human genetic ,CELL-TYPES ,GENE-EXPRESSION ,Genetics ,IDENTIFICATION ,hypernatremia ,Sodium-Bicarbonate Symporter ,Sodium-Bicarbonate Symporters ,Sodium ,PRIMARY-CARE ,1103 Clinical Sciences ,General Medicine ,Urology & Nephrology ,water-electrolyte balance ,Plasma osmolality ,Human Genetics ,Hypernatremia ,Hyponatremia ,Water-electrolyte Balance ,030104 developmental biology ,Endocrinology ,Basic Research ,NEPHROGENIC DIABETES-INSIPIDUS ,Genome-Wide Association Study ,Genetic Loci ,Nephrology ,Expression quantitative trait loci ,TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR-BINDING ,INAPPROPRIATE ANTIDIURESIS ,INTRONIC ENHANCERS ,Human - Abstract
Disorders of water balance, an excess or deficit of total body water relative to body electrolyte content, are common and ascertained by plasma hypo- or hypernatremia, respectively. We performed a two-stage genome-wide association study meta-analysis on plasma sodium concentration in 45,889 individuals of European descent (stage 1 discovery) and 17,637 additional individuals of European descent (stage 2 replication), and a transethnic meta-analysis of replicated single-nucleotide polymorphisms in 79,506 individuals (63,526 individuals of European descent, 8765 individuals of Asian Indian descent, and 7215 individuals of African descent). In stage 1, we identified eight loci associated with plasma sodium concentration at P-6. Of these, rs9980 at NFAT5 replicated in stage 2 meta-analysis (P=3.1 3 x 10-5), with combined stages 1 and 2 genomewide significance of P=5.6 x 10-10. Transethnic meta-analysis further supported the association at rs9980 (P=5.9 x 10-12). Additionally, rs16846053 at SLC4A10 showed nominally, but not genome-wide, significant association in combined stages 1 and 2 meta-analysis (P=6.7 x 10-8). NFAT5 encodes a ubiquitously expressed transcription factor that coordinates the intracellular response to hypertonic stress but was not previously implicated in the regulation of systemic water balance. SLC4A10 encodes a sodium bicarbonate transporter with a brain-restricted expression pattern, and variant rs16846053 affects a putative intronic NFAT5 DNA binding motif. The lead variants for NFAT5 and SLC4A10 are cis expression quantitative trait loci in tissues of the central nervous systemand relevant to transcriptional regulation. Thus, genetic variation in NFAT5 and SLC4A10 expression and function in the central nervous system may affect the regulation of systemic water balance.
- Published
- 2017
6. SOS2 and ACP1 loci identified through large-scale exome chip analysis regulate kidney development and function
- Author
-
Jacques E. Rossouw, Aldi T. Kraja, Daniel I. Chasman, Jennifer Wessel, Paul Mitchell, Erika Salvi, Adrienne Tin, Paul M. Ridker, David J. Carey, Daniele Braga, Sharon L.R. Kardia, Wolfgang König, Medea Imboden, Antonio Lupo, Paolo Gasparini, Glenn S. Gerhard, David J. Porteous, Karlhans Endlich, Mathias Gorski, Tuomas O. Kilpeläinen, Ivan Brandslund, Jinyan Huang, Min A. Jhun, Alexander P. Reiner, Christine Meisinger, Yong Li, Karen L. Mohlke, Anne U. Jackson, Janina M. Jeff, Iris M. Heid, Gary C. Curhan, Uwe Völker, Marju Orho-Melander, Allan Linneberg, Olli T. Raitakari, Caroline S. Fox, Vilmundur Gudnason, Charlotte Glümer, Ozren Polasek, Annette Kifley, David R. Weir, Konstantin Strauch, Albert V. Smith, Archie Campbell, Annette Peters, Nicole Probst-Hensch, Lu Qi, Rebecca D. Jackson, Eric Boerwinkle, Daniela Toniolo, Laura M. Yerges-Armstrong, Ruifang Li-Gao, Ian H. De Boer, Qiong Yang, Mika Kähönen, Carsten A. Böger, Dan E. Arking, Albert W. Dreisbach, Man Li, Mary F. Feitosa, Stephen T. Turner, Afshin Parsa, Charles Kooperberg, Jennifer E. Huffman, Sanaz Sedaghat, Omri Gottesman, Fernando Rivadeneira, Marit E. Jørgensen, Joshua C. Denny, Olivier Devuyst, Giovanni Malerba, Frank Schmidt, Robert J. Carroll, Michela Traglia, Chunyu Liu, Ruth J. F. Loos, Franco Giulianini, Daniel Levy, Terho Lehtimäki, Tarunveer S. Ahluwalia, Helena Kuivaniemi, Kurt Lohman, Vladan Mijatovic, Matthias Nauck, Henry Völzke, Aiko P. J. de Vries, Torben Hansen, Wolfram Goessling, Lenore J. Launer, Frank B. Hu, Tibor Fülöp, Nathan A. Bihlmeyer, Reedik Mägi, Gerard Tromp, Yingchang Lu, Jessica D. Faul, Nora Franceschini, Lise Lotte N. Husemoen, Leo Pekka Lyytikäinen, Markku Laakso, Dennis O. Mook-Kanamori, Ronit Katz, Dinesh Velayutham, Jennifer A. Smith, Teresa Nutile, David S. Siscovick, Ulrike Peters, Jie Jin Wang, Tamara B. Harris, Christina-Alexandra Schulz, Douglas Ruderfer, Mark O. Goodarzi, Oscar H. Franco, Yongmei Liu, Cramer Christensen, Nicole Soranzo, Audrey Y. Chu, Melanie Waldenberger, Oluf Pedersen, Ingrid B. Borecki, Peter Nürnberg, D. Cusi, Abbas Dehghan, Daniel R. Witte, Niels Grarup, Christian Fuchsberger, Sheila Ulivi, Josef Coresh, Evelin Mihailov, Ashok Kumar, Jennifer Kriebel, Jennifer A. Brody, Erwin P. Bottinger, Marilyn C. Cornelis, Torsten Lauritzen, Albert Hofman, Olivia Weeks, Rainer Rettig, Lynne J. Hocking, Giovanni Gambaro, André G. Uitterlinden, Anna Köttgen, Caroline Hayward, Alexander Teumer, Tõnu Esko, Antonietta Robino, Torben Jørgensen, Bruce M. Psaty, Ursula M. Schick, Rossella Sorice, Wei Zhao, Andres Metspalu, Pamela Linksted, Olle Melander, Jette Bork-Jensen, Errol D. Crook, Li, Man, Li, Yong, Weeks, Olivia, Mijatovic, Vladan, Teumer, Alexander, Huffman, Jennifer E., Tromp, Gerard, Fuchsberger, Christian, Gorski, Mathia, Lyytikäinen, Leo-Pekka, Nutile, Teresa, Sedaghat, Sanaz, Sorice, Rossella, Tin, Adrienne, Yang, Qiong, Ahluwalia, Tarunveer S., Arking, Dan E., Bihlmeyer, Nathan A., Böger, Carsten A., Carroll, Robert J., Chasman, Daniel I., Cornelis, Marilyn C., Dehghan, Abba, Faul, Jessica D., Feitosa, Mary F., Gambaro, Giovanni, Gasparini, Paolo, Giulianini, Franco, Heid, Iri, Huang, Jinyan, Imboden, Medea, Jackson, Anne U., Jeff, Janina, Jhun, Min A., Katz, Ronit, Kifley, Annette, Kilpeläinen, Tuomas O., Kumar, Ashish, Laakso, Markku, Li-Gao, Ruifang, Lohman, Kurt, Lu, Yingchang, Mägi, Reedik, Malerba, Giovanni, Mihailov, Evelin, Mohlke, Karen L., Mook-Kanamori, Dennis O., Robino, Antonietta, Ruderfer, Dougla, Salvi, Erika, Schick, Ursula M., Schulz, Christina-Alexandra, Smith, Albert V., Smith, Jennifer A., Traglia, Michela, Yerges-Armstrong, Laura M., Zhao, Wei, Goodarzi, Mark O., Kraja, Aldi T., Liu, Chunyu, Wessel, Jennifer, Boerwinkle, Eric, Borecki, Ingrid B., Bork-Jensen, Jette, Bottinger, Erwin P., Braga, Daniele, Brandslund, Ivan, Brody, Jennifer A., Campbell, Archie, Carey, David J., Christensen, Cramer, Coresh, Josef, Crook, Errol, Curhan, Gary C., Cusi, Daniele, De Boer, Ian H., De Vries, Aiko P. J., Denny, Joshua C., Devuyst, Olivier, Dreisbach, Albert W., Endlich, Karlhan, Esko, Tõnu, Franco, Oscar H., Fulop, Tibor, Gerhard, Glenn S., Glümer, Charlotte, Gottesman, Omri, Grarup, Niel, Gudnason, Vilmundur, Hansen, Torben, Harris, Tamara B., Hayward, Caroline, Hocking, Lynne, Hofman, Albert, Hu, Frank B., Husemoen, Lise Lotte N., Jackson, Rebecca D., Jørgensen, Torben, Jørgensen, Marit E., Kähönen, Mika, Kardia, Sharon L. R., König, Wolfgang, Kooperberg, Charle, Kriebel, Jennifer, Launer, Lenore J., Lauritzen, Torsten, Lehtimäki, Terho, Levy, Daniel, Linksted, Pamela, Linneberg, Allan, Liu, Yongmei, Loos, Ruth J. F., Lupo, Antonio, Meisinger, Christine, Melander, Olle, Metspalu, Andre, Mitchell, Paul, Nauck, Matthia, Nürnberg, Peter, Orho-Melander, Marju, Parsa, Afshin, Pedersen, Oluf, Peters, Annette, Peters, Ulrike, Polasek, Ozren, Porteous, David, Probst-Hensch, Nicole M., Psaty, Bruce M., Qi, Lu, Raitakari, Olli T., Reiner, Alex P., Rettig, Rainer, Ridker, Paul M., Rivadeneira, Fernando, Rossouw, Jacques E., Schmidt, Frank, Siscovick, David, Soranzo, Nicole, Strauch, Konstantin, Toniolo, Daniela, Turner, Stephen T., Uitterlinden, André G., Ulivi, Sheila, Velayutham, Dinesh, Völker, Uwe, Völzke, Henry, Waldenberger, Melanie, Wang, Jie Jin, Weir, David R., Witte, Daniel, Kuivaniemi, Helena, Fox, Caroline S., Franceschini, Nora, Goessling, Wolfram, Köttgen, Anna, Chu, Audrey Y., Epidemiology, Erasmus MC other, and Internal Medicine
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Nonsynonymous substitution ,Nephrology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,human genetics ,Renal function ,Genome-wide association study ,Single-nucleotide polymorphism ,Biology ,Kidney ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,kidney development ,renal function ,Clinical Research ,Proto-Oncogene Proteins ,Internal medicine ,Animals ,Exome ,Genetic Loci ,Genome-Wide Association Study ,Glomerular Filtration Rate ,Humans ,Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases ,Son of Sevenless Proteins ,Zebrafish ,Journal Article ,medicine ,Settore MED/14 - NEFROLOGIA ,human genetic ,Gene ,Genetic association ,Genetics ,Proto-Oncogene Protein ,Animal ,Son of Sevenless Protein ,General Medicine ,ta3121 ,030104 developmental biology ,Human Genetics ,Kidney Development ,Renal Function ,Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase ,genome, nephron ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Meta-Analysis ,Human - Abstract
Genome-wide association studies have identified >50 common variants associated with kidney function, but these variants do not fully explain the variation in eGFR. We performed a two-stage meta-analysis of associations between genotypes from the Illumina exome array and eGFR on the basis of serum creatinine (eGFRcrea) among participants of European ancestry from the CKDGen Consortium (nStage1: 111,666; nStage2: 48,343). In single-variant analyses, we identified single nucleotide polymorphisms at seven new loci associated with eGFRcrea (PPM1J, EDEM3, ACP1, SPEG, EYA4, CYP1A1, and ATXN2L; PStage1
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. Clinical and genetic characterisation of infantile liver failure syndrome type 1, due to recessive mutations in LARS
- Author
-
Michael P. McDermott, Melanie Cotter, Deirdre Devaney, Billy Bourke, Eoghan Laffan, Eileen P. Treacy, Jillian P. Casey, Derek Wong, Joanne Hughes, A A Monavari, Ina Knerr, Ellen Crushell, Suzanne Slattery, and Sally Ann Lynch
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,Pediatrics ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Adolescent ,Anemia ,Genes, Recessive ,Young Adult ,Seizures ,Genetics ,medicine ,Humans ,Renal Insufficiency ,Hypoalbuminemia ,Child ,Genetics (clinical) ,Human genetic ,Syndrome type ,business.industry ,Medical record ,Infant ,Metabolic diseases ,RNA, Transfer, Amino Acid-Specific ,Prognosis ,medicine.disease ,Magnetic Resonance Imaging ,Human genetics ,Failure to Thrive ,Low birth weight ,Phenotype ,Child, Preschool ,Mutation ,Cohort ,Female ,Histopathology ,medicine.symptom ,business ,Ireland ,Liver Failure - Abstract
Background: Recessive LARS mutations were recently reported to cause a novel syndrome, infantile liver failure syndrome type 1 (ILFS1), in six Irish Travellers. We have since identified four additional patients, including one of Ashkenazi origin, representing the largest ILFS1 cohort to date. Our study aims to define the ILFS1 clinical phenotype to help guide diagnosis and patient management. Methods: We clinically evaluated and reviewed the medical records of ten ILFS1 patients. Clinical features, histopathology and natural histories were compared and patient management strategies reviewed. Results: Early failure to thrive, recurrent liver dysfunction, anemia, hypoalbuminemia and seizures were present in all patients. Most patients (90 %) had developmental delay. Encephalopathic episodes triggered by febrile illness have occurred in 80 % and were fatal in two children. Two patients are currently >28 years old and clinically well. Leucine supplementation had no appreciable impact on patient well-being. However, we suggest that the traditional management of reducing/stopping protein intake in patients with metabolic hepatopathies may not be appropriate for ILFS1. We currently recommend ensuring sufficient natural protein intake when unwell. Conclusions: We report the first non-Irish ILFS1 patient, suggesting ILFS1 may be more extensive than anticipated. Low birth weight, early failure to thrive, anemia and hypoalbuminemia are amongst the first presenting features, with liver dysfunction before age 1. Episodic hepatic dysfunction is typically triggered by febrile illness, and becomes less severe with increasing age. While difficult to anticipate, two patients are currently >28 years old, suggesting that survival beyond childhood may be associated with a favourable long-term prognosis. Health Research Board The Children's Fund for Health, Temple Street Children's University Hospital
- Published
- 2015
8. Integrative genomic analysis of the human immune response to influenza vaccination
- Author
-
Gladys Zapata, John M. Quarles, Luis M. Franco, Janet M. Wells, Molly S. Bray, Chad A. Shaw, Diane Niño, Peng Yu, Alexander Renwick, Robert B. Couch, Xueqing Wang, John W. Belmont, Kristine L. Bucasas, and Nancy Arden
- Subjects
Male ,Time Factors ,Transcription, Genetic ,Antibodies, Viral ,Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype ,0302 clinical medicine ,Gene expression ,Genotype ,Longitudinal Studies ,Biology (General) ,Human genetic ,Genetics ,0303 health sciences ,General Neuroscience ,Vaccination ,Genomics ,General Medicine ,3. Good health ,Phenotype ,Influenza Vaccines ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Host-Pathogen Interactions ,Medicine ,Female ,Systems biology ,Research Article ,Human ,Adult ,Genetic Markers ,Adolescent ,QH301-705.5 ,Science ,Complex-trait genetic ,Biology ,eQTL ,Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology ,Young Adult ,03 medical and health sciences ,Immune system ,Influenza, Human ,Humans ,Human Biology and Medicine ,Gene ,030304 developmental biology ,General Immunology and Microbiology ,Gene Expression Profiling ,Influenza A Virus, H3N2 Subtype ,Correction ,Vaccine efficacy ,Human genetics ,Immunity, Humoral ,Influenza B virus ,Gene Expression Regulation ,Pharmacogenetics ,Immunology ,Expression quantitative trait loci ,Vaccine ,Integrative biology ,Biomarkers - Abstract
Identification of the host genetic factors that contribute to variation in vaccine responsiveness may uncover important mechanisms affecting vaccine efficacy. We carried out an integrative, longitudinal study combining genetic, transcriptional, and immunologic data in humans given seasonal influenza vaccine. We identified 20 genes exhibiting a transcriptional response to vaccination, significant genotype effects on gene expression, and correlation between the transcriptional and antibody responses. The results show that variation at the level of genes involved in membrane trafficking and antigen processing significantly influences the human response to influenza vaccination. More broadly, we demonstrate that an integrative study design is an efficient alternative to existing methods for the identification of genes involved in complex traits. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.00299.001, eLife digest Vaccines increase resistance to disease by priming the immune system to respond to specific viruses or microorganisms. By presenting a weakened (or dead) form of a pathogen, or its toxins or surface proteins, to the immune system, vaccines trigger the production of antibodies against the virus or microorganism. If a vaccinated individual then encounters the pathogen, their immune system should be able to recognize and destroy it. Many vaccines also include a secondary agent, known as an adjuvant, to further stimulate the immune response. Influenza, an RNA virus commonly referred to as the ‘flu’, is an infectious disease that affects both birds and mammals. Seasonal epidemics occur each year affecting 2–7% of the population. According to the World Health Organization, influenza leads to nearly 5 million hospitalizations each year and causes up to half a million deaths. Vaccination is a primary strategy for the prevention of seasonal influenza, but responses to the vaccine vary markedly, partly because of variation in the genetic makeup or genotype of individuals. However, the details of how genes influence response to vaccination, and indeed susceptibility to influenza, remain unclear. To investigate the genetic basis of variation in the immune response of healthy adults to the seasonal influenza vaccine, Franco et al. combined information about the genotypes of individuals with measurements of their gene transcription and antibody response to vaccination. They identified 20 genes that contributed to differential immune responses to the vaccine. Almost half of these encode proteins that are not specifically associated with the immune system, but have more general roles in processes such as membrane trafficking and intracellular transport. Focusing on these genes may enable researchers to spot those individuals who are less likely to respond to a vaccine. It could also open up new avenues of research for vaccine development: rather than designing adjuvants that target known immune mechanisms, researchers should develop adjuvants that target the proteins encoded by these 20 genes. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.00299.002
- Published
- 2013
Catalog
Books, media, physical & digital resources
Discovery Service for Jio Institute Digital Library
For full access to our library's resources, please sign in.