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1. The combination of UCP3–55CT and PPARγ2Pro12Ala polymorphisms affects BMI and substrate oxidation in two diabetic populations

Author

LAPICE, EMANUELA, COCOZZA, SARA, PINELLI, MICHELE, GIACCO, ANGELA, RIVELLESE, ANGELA ALBAROSA, RICCARDI, GABRIELE, VACCARO, OLGA, Monticelli, A., Massimino, E., Cocozza, S., Riccardi, G., Vaccaro, O., Lapice, Emanuela, Monticelli, A., Cocozza, Sara, Pinelli, Michele, Massimino, E., Giacco, Angela, Rivellese, ANGELA ALBAROSA, Riccardi, Gabriele, Vaccaro, Olga, Cocozza, S., Riccardi, G., and Vaccaro, O.

Subjects
Male, 0301 basic medicine, Cross-sectional study, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Medicine (miscellaneous), Type 2 diabetes, Weight Gain, Type 2 diabete, Body Mass Index, 0302 clinical medicine, Gene Frequency, Genotype, Nutrition and Dietetic, Uncoupling Protein 3, Aged, 80 and over, Genetics, education.field_of_study, Nutrition and Dietetics, Homozygote, Middle Aged, Phenotype, Female, medicine.symptom, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, Oxidation-Reduction, Adult, Heterozygote, medicine.medical_specialty, Population, 030209 endocrinology & metabolism, Biology, BMI, 03 medical and health sciences, Internal medicine, Dietary Carbohydrates, medicine, Humans, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Obesity, Polymorphism, education, Allele frequency, Genetic Association Studies, Aged, Polymorphism, Genetic, medicine.disease, Dietary Fats, PPAR gamma, Cross-Sectional Studies, 030104 developmental biology, Endocrinology, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Energy Metabolism, Body mass index, Weight gain
Abstract

BACKGROUND AND AIM: To evaluate the combined contribution of UCP3-55CT and PPAR?2 Pro12Ala polymorphisms as correlates of BMI, energy expenditure (REE) and substrate oxidation in people with type 2 diabetes. METHODS AND RESULTS: Two independent population with type 2 diabetes were studied: population A, n = 272; population B, n = 269. Based on both UCP3 and PPAR?2 genotypes three groups were created. Carriers of the PPAR?2 Pro12Ala in combination with the CC genotype of UCP3 (ProAla/CC, group 1); carriers of only one of these genotypes (either CC/ProPro or CT-TT/ProAla, group 2); people with neither variants (CT-TT/ProPro, group 3). In both populations BMI (kg/m(2)) was highest in group 1, intermediate in group 2 and lowest in group 3, independent of energy intake (i.e 35.3 ± 6.7 vs 33.4 ± 5.4 vs 31.8 ± 3, p < 0.02, population A; 32.4 ± 4.2 vs 31.7 ± 3.8 vs 30.1 ± 2.7; p < 0.03, population B). People with the ProAla/CC genotype (group 1) showed similar REE, but lower lipid oxidation (10.9 vs 13.9 g/kg fat free mass/day; p = 0.04) and higher carbohydrate oxidation (23.6 vs 15.6 g/kg fat free mass/day; p = 0.02) than carriers of other genotypes. CONCLUSIONS: The combination of UCP3-55 CC and PPAR?2 Pro12Ala genotypes is associated with significantly higher BMI than other PPAR?2-UCP3 genotype combinations, partly due to a reduced ability in lipids oxidation. The relative importance of these mechanism(s) may be different in non diabetic people. Copyright © 2016 The Italian Society of Diabetology, the Italian Society for the Study of Atherosclerosis, the Italian Society of Human Nutrition, and the Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Published
2016

2. Impact of a Mediterranean Dietary Pattern and Its Components on Cardiovascular Risk Factors, Glucose Control, and Body Weight in People with Type 2 Diabetes: A Real-Life Study

Author

Vitale, Marilena, Masulli, Maria, Calabrese, Ilaria, Rivellese, Angela Albarosa, Bonora, Enzo, Signorini, Stefano, Perriello, Gabriele, Squatrito, Sebastiano, Buzzetti, Raffaella, Sartore, Giovanni, Babini, Anna Carla, Gregori, Giovanna, Giordano, Carla, Clemente, Gennaro, Grioni, Sara, Dolce, Pasquale, Riccardi, Gabriele, Vaccaro, Olga, IT Study Group, Tosca., Vitale, Marilena, Masulli, Maria, Calabrese, Ilaria, Rivellese, Angela Albarosa, Bonora, Enzo, Signorini, Stefano, Perriello, Gabriele, Squatrito, Sebastiano, Buzzetti, Raffaella, Sartore, Giovanni, Babini, Anna Carla, Gregori, Giovanna, Giordano, Carla, Clemente, Gennaro, Grioni, Sara, Dolce, Pasquale, Riccardi, Gabriele, and Vaccaro, Olga

Subjects
Blood Glucose, Male, Mediterranean diet, cardiovascular risk, diabetes, glucose control, plasma lipids, relative Mediterranean diet score, Aged, Biomarkers, Blood Pressure, Cardiovascular Diseases, Cross-Sectional Studies, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Female, Glycated Hemoglobin A, Humans, Lipids, Middle Aged, Nutritive Value, Patient Compliance, Protective Factors, Recommended Dietary Allowances, Risk Factors, Body Mass Index, Diet, Healthy, Diet, Mediterranean, Feeding Behavior, Recommended Dietary Allowance, Cross-sectional study, Healthy Diet, Saturated fat, Type 2 diabetes, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Mediterranean, Diabete, Settore MED/13 - Endocrinologia, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0302 clinical medicine, Cardiovascular Disease, 030212 general & internal medicine, Nutrition and Dietetics, Lipid, European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition, lcsh:Nutrition. Foods and food supply, Type 2, Human, Cardiovascular risk, Diabetes, Glucose control, Plasma lipids, Relative mediterranean diet score, Food Science, Plasma lipid, lcsh:TX341-641, Article, 03 medical and health sciences, Environmental health, Diabetes mellitus, medicine, Diabetes Mellitus, Protective Factor, Cross-Sectional Studie, Glycated Hemoglobin, Healthy, business.industry, Risk Factor, Biomarker, medicine.disease, Diet, chemistry, Glycated hemoglobin, business, Body mass index
Abstract

This study evaluates the relation of a Mediterranean dietary pattern and its individual components with the cardiovascular risk factors profile, plasma glucose and body mass index (BMI) in people with type 2 diabetes. We studied 2568 participants at 57 diabetes clinics. Diet was assessed with the EPIC (European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition) questionnaire, adherence to the Mediterranean diet was evaluated with the relative Mediterranean diet score (rMED). A high compared to a low score was associated with a better quality of diet and a greater adherence to the nutritional recommendations for diabetes. However, even in the group achieving a high score, only a small proportion of participants met the recommendations for fiber and saturated fat (respectively 17% and 30%). Nonetheless, a high score was associated with lower values of plasma lipids, blood pressure, glycated hemoglobin, and BMI. The relationship of the single food items components of the rMED score with the achievement of treatment targets for plasma lipids, blood pressure, glucose, and BMI were also explored. The study findings support the Mediterranean dietary model as a suitable model for type 2 diabetes and the concept that the beneficial health effects of the Mediterranean diet lie primarily in its synergy among various nutrients and foods rather than on any individual component.

Published
2018

3. Dietary intake and major food sources of polyphenols in people with type 2 diabetes: The TOSCA.IT Study

Author

Vitale, M., Masulli, M., Rivellese, A. A., Bonora, E., Cappellini, F., Nicolucci, Andrea, Squatrito, S., Antenucci, D., Barrea, A., Bianchi, C., Bianchini, F., Fontana, L., Fornengo, P., Giorgino, F., Gnasso, A., Mannucci, E., Mazzotti, A., Nappo, R., Palena, A. P., Pata, P., Perriello, G., Potenziani, S., Radin, R., Ricci, L., Romeo, F., Santini, C., Scarponi, M., Serra, Riccardo, Timi, A., Turco, A. A., Vedovato, M., Zavaroni, D., Grioni, S., Riccardi, G., Vaccaro, O., Rivellese, Angela Albarosa, Cocozza, Sara, Auciello, Stefania, Turco, Anna Amelia, Bonora, Enzo, Cigolini, Massimo, Pichiri, Isabella, Brangani, Corinna, Tomasetto, Elena, Perriello, Gabriele, Timi, Alessia, Squatrito, Sebastiano, Sinagra, Tiziana, Longhitano, Sara, Tropea, Vanessa, Ballardini, Giorgio, Babini, Anna Carla, Ripani, Raffaella, Gregori, Giovanna, Dolci, Maria, Bruselli, Laura, Salutini, Isabella, Mori, Mary, Baccetti, Fabio, Lapolla, Annunziata, Sartore, Giovanni, Burlina, Silvia, Chilelli, Nino Cristiano, Buzzetti, Raffaella, Venditti, Chiara, Potenziani, Stella, Carlone, Angela, Galluzzoâ€&nbsp, Aldo, Giordano, Carla, Torregrossa, Vittoria, Corsi, Laura, Cuneo, Giacomo, Corsi, Simona, Tizio, Biagio, Clemente, Gennaro, Citro, Giuseppe, Natale, Maria, Salvatore, Vita, Di Cianni, Graziano, Lacaria, Emilia, Russo, Laura, Iannarelli, Rossella, de Gregorio, Antonella, Sciarretta, Filomena, D’Andrea, Settimio, Montani, Valeria, Cannarsa, Emanuela, Dolcetti, Katia, Cordera, Renzo, Bonabello, Laura Affinito, Mazzucchelli, Chiara, Giorda, Carlo Bruno, Romeo, Francesco, Bonetto, Caterina, Antenucci, Daniela, Baldassarre, Maria Pompea Antonia, Iovine, Ciro, Nappo, Rossella, Ciano, Ornella, Dall’Aglio, Elisabetta, Mancastroppa, Giovanni, Grimaldi, Franco, Tonutti, Laura, Boemi, Massimo, D’Angelo, Federica, Leotta, Sergio, Fontana, Lucia, Lauro, Davide, Rinaldi, Maria Elena, Cignarelli, Mauro, la Macchia, Olga, Fariello, Stefania, Tomasi, Franco, Zamboni, Chiara, Dozio, Nicoletta, Trevisan, Roberto, Scaranna, Cristiana, Del Prato, Stefano, Miccoli, Roberto, Bianchi, Cristina, Garofolo, Monia, Pugliese, Giuseppe, Salvi, Laura, Rangel, Graziela, Vitale, Martina, Anichini, Roberto, Tedeschi, Anna, Corsini, Elisa, Cucinotta, Domenico, Di Benedetto, Antonino, Giunta, Loretta, Ruffo, Maria Concetta, Bossi, Antonio Carlo, Carpinter, Rita, Dotta, Francesco, Ceccarelli, Elena, Bartolo, Paolo Di, Caselli, Chiara, Luberto, Alessandra, Santini, Costanza, Mazzotti, Arianna, Calbucci, Giovanni, Consoli, Agostino, Ginestra, Federica, Calabrese, Maria, Zogheri, Alessia, Ricci, Lucia, Giorgino, Francesco, Laviola, Luigi, Ippolito, Claudia, Tarantino, Lucia, Avogaro, Angelo, Vedovato, Monica, Gnasso, Agostino, Carallo, Claudio, Scicchitano, Caterina, Zavaroni, Donatella, Livraga, Stefania, Perin, Paolo Cavallo, Forrnengo, Paolo, Prinzis, Tania, de Cosmo, Salvatore, Palena, Antonio Pio, Bacci, Simonetta, Mannucci, Edoardo, Lamanna, Caterina, Pata, Pietro, Lettina, Gabriele, Aiello, Antimo, Barrea, Angelina, Lalli, Carlo, Scarponi, Maura, Franzetti, Ivano, Radin, Raffaella, Serra, Rosalia, Petrachi, Francesca, Asprino, Vincenzo, Capra, Claudio, Forte, Elisa, Reggiani, Giulio Marchesini, Forlani, Gabriele, Montesi, Luca, Mazzella, Natalia, Piatti, Pier Marco, Monti, Lucilla, Stuccillo, Michela, Auletta, Pasquale, Petraroli, Ettore, Capobianco, Giuseppe, Romano, Geremia, Cutolo, Michele, de Simone, Giosetta, Caiazzo, Gennaro, Nunziata, Peppe, Sorrentino, Susy, Amelia, Umberto, Calatola, Pasqualino, Capuano, Gelsomina, Vitale, M, Masulli, M, Rivellese, AA, Bonora, E, Cappellini, F, Nicolucci, A, Squatrito, S, Antenucci, D, Barrea, A, Bianchi, C, Bianchini, F, Fontana, L, Fornengo,P, Giorgino, F, Gnasso, A, Mannucci, Mazzotti, A, Nappo, R, Palena, AP, Pata, P,Perriello, G, Potenziani, S, Radin, R, Ricci, L, Romeo, F, Santini, C, Scarponi, M, Serra, R, Timi, A, Turco, AA, Vedovato, M, Zavaroni, D, Grioni, S, Riccardi, G, Vaccaro, O, TOSCA.IT Study Group., Giordano, C., Rivellese, Aa, Fornengo, P, Mannucci, E, Mazzotti, A, Nappo, R, Palena, Ap, Pata, P, Perriello, G, Turco, Aa, Tosc, A. IT Study Group., Rivellese, A, Palena, A, Turco, A, Cocozza, S, Auciello, S, Cigolini, M, Pichiri, I, Brangani, C, Tomasetto, E, Sinagra, T, Longhitano, S, Tropea, V, Ballardini, G, Babini, A, Ripani, R, Gregori, G, Dolci, M, Bruselli, L, Salutini, I, Mori, M, Baccetti, F, Lapolla, A, Sartore, G, Burlina, S, Chilelli, N, Buzzetti, R, Venditti, C, Carlone, A, Galluzzo, A, Giordano, C, Torregrossa, V, Corsi, L, Cuneo, G, Corsi, S, Tizio, B, Galluzzo, G, Citro, G, Natale, M, Salvatore, V, Di Cianni, G, Lacaria, E, Russo, L, Iannarelli, R, De Gregorio, A, Sciarretta, F, D'Andrea, S, Montani, V, Cannarsa, E, Dolcetti, K, Cordera, R, Bonabello, L, Mazzucchelli, C, Giorda, C, Bonetto, C, Baldassarre, M, Iovine, C, Ciano, O, Dall'Aglio, E, Mancastroppa, G, Grimaldi, F, Tonutti, L, Boemi, M, D'Angelo, F, Leotta, S, Lauro, D, Rinaldi, M, Cignarelli, M, La Macchia, O, Fariello, S, Tomasi, F, Zamboni, C, Dozio, N, Trevisan, R, Scaranna, C, Del Prato, S, Miccoli, R, Garofolo, M, Pugliese, G, Salvi, L, Rangel, G, Anichini, R, Tedeschi, A, Corsini, E, Cucinotta, D, Di Benedetto, A, Giunta, L, Ruffo, M, Bossi, A, Carpinter, R, Dotta, F, Ceccarelli, E, Bartolo, P, Caselli, C, Luberto, A, Calbucci, G, Consoli, A, Ginestra, F, Calabrese, M, Zogheri, A, Laviola, L, Ippolito, C, Tarantino, L, Avogaro, A, Carallo, C, Scicchitano, C, Livraga, S, Perin, P, Forrnengo, P, Prinzis, T, De Cosmo, S, Bacci, S, Lamanna, C, Lettina, G, Aiello, A, Lalli, C, Franzetti, I, Petrachi, F, Asprino, V, Capra, C, Forte, E, Reggiani, G, Forlani, G, Montesi, L, Mazzella, N, Piatti, P, Monti, L, Stuccillo, M, Auletta, P, Petraroli, E, Capobianco, G, Romano, G, Cutolo, M, De Simone, G, Caiazzo, G, Nunziata, P, Sorrentino, S, Amelia, U, Calatola, P, and Capuano, G

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Male, Age, BMI, Diabetes, Diet, Flavonoids, Food groups, Geographical area, Intake, Phenolic acids, Polyphenols, TOSCA.IT study, Aged, Antioxidants, Beverages, Cinnamates, Cohort Studies, Cross-Sectional Studies, Databases, Factual, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Female, Flavonoids, Fruit, Glycosides, Humans, Italy, Male, Middle Aged, Nutritive Value, Phenols, Polyphenols, Diet, Diabetic, Diet, Healthy, Patient Compliance, Settore MED/09 - Medicina Interna, Databases, Factual, Cross-sectional study, Medicine (miscellaneous), Type 2 diabetes, Diabete, Antioxidants, Settore MED/13 - Endocrinologia, Food group, Cohort Studies, 0302 clinical medicine, Diet, Diabetic, Medicine, Food science, Glycosides, Age, BMI, Diabetes, Diet, Flavonoids, Food groups, Geographical area, Intake, Phenolic acids, Polyphenols, TOSCA.IT study, Nutrition and Dietetics, Phenolic acid, food and beverages, Middle Aged, Polyphenols, Flavonoids, Phenolic acids, Diabetes, Food groups, Diet, Age, BMI, Geographical area, Intake, TOSCA.IT study, Italy, Tosca,Age,BMI,Diabetes,Diet,Flavonoids,Food groups,Geographical area,Intake,Phenolic acids,Polyphenols,TOSCA.IT study, Cohort, Female, Diet, Healthy, Nutritive Value, Cohort study, Polyphenol, 030209 endocrinology & metabolism, Beverages, 03 medical and health sciences, Phenols, Diabetes mellitus, Humans, Aged, 030109 nutrition & dietetics, business.industry, Anthropometry, medicine.disease, Tosca, Cross-Sectional Studies, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Cinnamates, Fruit, Flavonoid, Patient Compliance, business
Abstract

Purpose: Proper evaluation of polyphenols intake at the population level is a necessary step in order to establish possible associations with health outcomes. Available data are limited, and so far no study has been performed in people with diabetes. The aim of this work was to document the intake of polyphenols and their major food sources in a cohort of people with type 2 diabetes and in socio-demographic subgroups. Methods: We studied 2573 men and women aged 50–75 years. Among others, anthropometry was measured by standard protocol and dietary habits were investigated by food frequency questionnaire (EPIC). The intake of polyphenols was evaluated using US Department of Agriculture and Phenol-Explorer databases. Results: The mean total polyphenol intake was 683.3 ± 5.8 mg/day. Non-alcoholic beverages represented the main food source of dietary polyphenols and provided 35.5% of total polyphenol intake, followed by fruits (23.0%), alcoholic beverages (14.0%), vegetables (12.4%), cereal products and tubers (4.6%), legumes (3.7%) and oils (2.1%); chocolate, cakes and nuts are negligible sources of polyphenols in this cohort. The two most important polyphenol classes contributing to the total intake were flavonoids (47.5%) and phenolic acids (47.4%). Polyphenol intake increased with age and education level and decreased with BMI; furthermore, in the northern regions of Italy, the polyphenol intake was slightly, but significantly higher than in the central or southern regions. Conclusions: The study documents for the first time the intake of polyphenols and their main food sources in people with diabetes using validated and complete databases of the polyphenol content of food. Compared with published data, collected in people without diabetes, these results suggest a lower intake and a different pattern of intake in people with diabetes. © 2016 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

Published
2016

4. A controlled study of the use of autologous platelet gel for the treatment of diabetic foot ulcers

Author

G. Saldalamacchia, V. Cuomo, E. Lapice, ME De Feo, E. D’Agostino, RIVELLESE, ANGELA ALBAROSA, RICCARDI, GABRIELE, VACCARO, OLGA, Saldalamacchia, G., Lapice, E., Cuomo, V., De Feo, E., D'Agostino, Elio, Rivellese, ANGELA ALBAROSA, Vaccaro, O., G., Saldalamacchia, V., Cuomo, E., Lapice, ME De, Feo, E., D’Agostino, Riccardi, Gabriele, and Vaccaro, Olga

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Nutrition and Dietetics, business.industry, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, medicine, Medicine (miscellaneous), Autologous platelet, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, medicine.disease, Diabetic ulcers, business, Diabetic foot, Surgery
Published
2004

5. Impact of the Pro12Ala polymorphism of the PPAR-gamma2 gene on serum triacylglycerol response to n-3 fatty acid supplementation

Author

Lindi V, Schwab U, Louheranta A, Laakso M, Vessby B, Hermansen K, Storlien L, KANWU Study Group, RICCARDI, GABRIELE, RIVELLESE, ANGELA ALBAROSA, Lindi, V, Schwab, U, Louheranta, A, Laakso, M, Vessby, B, Hermansen, K, Storlien, L, Riccardi, Gabriele, Rivellese, ANGELA ALBAROSA, and KANWU Study, Group

Subjects
Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Genotype, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear, Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor, Placebo, Biochemistry, Body Mass Index, chemistry.chemical_compound, Fish Oils, Endocrinology, Internal medicine, Fatty Acids, Omega-3, Genetics, Humans, Plant Oils, Medicine, Olive Oil, Molecular Biology, Triglycerides, Aged, chemistry.chemical_classification, Polymorphism, Genetic, business.industry, Cholesterol, Cholesterol, HDL, Fatty acid, Cholesterol, LDL, Middle Aged, Peroxisome, Fish oil, Lipoprotein Lipase, chemistry, Dietary Supplements, Female, lipids (amino acids, peptides, and proteins), business, Body mass index, Transcription Factors, Lipoprotein
Abstract

Serum lipid responses to dietary modification are partly determined by genetic factors. The objective of the present study was to investigate the influence of the Pro12Ala polymorphism of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma2 (PPAR-gamma2) gene on serum lipid and lipoprotein responses to n-3 fatty acid supplementation. A total of 76 men and 74 women (age 49+/-8 years, body mass index 26.5+/-3.0 kg/m(2)) participated in a controlled multi-center study. Subjects were randomly assigned to consume either fish oil supplements (3.6g n-3 fatty acids/day containing 2.4 g of EPA and DHA) or placebo capsules containing olive oil for 3 months. At baseline, the Pro12Ala polymorphism was not associated with serum total and lipoprotein lipid concentrations or lipoprotein lipase activity in the fasting state. After the 3-month study period, carriers of the Ala12 allele presented a greater decrease in serum triacylglycerol concentration in response to n-3 fatty acid supplementation than did subjects with the Pro12Pro genotype when the total dietary fat intake was below 37 E% (p=0.003) or the intake of saturated fatty acids was below 10 E% (p=0.006). Changes in serum total cholesterol, serum LDL cholesterol and HDL cholesterol concentrations were similar among the genotypes in the n-3 fatty acid supplementation group and in the placebo group. In conclusion, the Pro12Ala polymorphism of the PPAR-gamma2 gene may modify the inter-individual variability in serum triacylglycerol response to n-3 fatty acid supplementation.

Published
2003

6. Acute and chronic improvement in postprandial glucose metabolism by a diet resembling the traditional Mediterranean dietary pattern: Can SCFAs play a role?

Author

Dominic Salamone, Anna Mangione, Marilena Vitale, Danilo Ercolini, Giuseppe Della Pepa, Paola Vitaglione, Rosalba Giacco, Manolo Laiola, Angela A. Rivellese, Delia Luongo, Vitale, Marilena, Giacco, Rosalba, Laiola, Manolo, Della Pepa, Giuseppe, Luongo, Delia, Mangione, Anna, Salamone, Dominic, Vitaglione, Paola, Ercolini, Danilo, and Rivellese, Angela Albarosa

Subjects
Adult, Blood Glucose, Male, 0301 basic medicine, Time Factors, Mediterranean diet, medicine.medical_treatment, Physiology, 030209 endocrinology & metabolism, Overweight, Gut flora, Carbohydrate metabolism, Diet, Mediterranean, Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine, Feces, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, medicine, Humans, Insulin, Obesity, Meals, Meal, 030109 nutrition & dietetics, Nutrition and Dietetics, biology, business.industry, Lipid metabolism, Fasting, Middle Aged, Lipid Metabolism, Postprandial Period, biology.organism_classification, Gastrointestinal Microbiome, Postprandial, Diet, Western, Area Under Curve, Butyric Acid, Female, Insulin Resistance, medicine.symptom, business
Abstract

Postprandial metabolic abnormalities are considered important and independent risk factors for cardiovascular diseases. However, the effects of the Mediterranean diet on postprandial metabolism and the mechanism underpinning the effects on clinical variables have not been exhaustively explored. Therefore, the aims of the present study were to evaluate the acute and medium-term effects (8 weeks) on postprandial glucose and lipid metabolism of a diet resembling a typical Mediterranean diet (Med-D) compared to a western-type diet (Control-D), and the mechanisms underlying those effects.Twenty-nine overweight/obese individuals of both genders, aged 20-60 years, were enrolled and randomly assigned to two isoenergetic dietary interventions: 1) a Med-D (n = 16), and 2) a Control-D (n = 13). Adherence to the dietary interventions was assessed by a 7-day food record. A meal test resembling the assigned diet was performed at baseline and after 8 weeks of intervention. Blood samples at fasting and over 4-h after the meal were collected to assess metabolic parameters and short chain fatty acid (SCFA) levels. Fecal samples were also collected to evaluate the microbiota composition.Glucose and insulin responses were significantly reduced at baseline after the Med test meal compared to the Control meal (p 0.05) and this effect was strengthened after 8 weeks of intervention with the Mediterranean diet (p 0.05); together with an improvement in OGIS. At the end of the intervention, postprandial plasma butyric acid incremental area under the curve (IAUC) was significantly increased in the Med-D group (p = 0.019) and correlated inversely with plasma insulin IAUC and directly with oral glucose insulin sensitivity (OGIS) (r: -0.411, p = 0.046 and r: 0.397, p = 0.050 respectively). These metabolic changes were accompanied by significant changes in gut microbiota, such as an increase in the relative abundance of Intestinimonas butyriciproducens and Akkermansia muciniphila (p 0.05) in the Med-D compared to Control-D group.Our study provides strong evidence that a diet resembling the traditional Med-D improves postprandial glucose metabolism and insulin sensitivity. Furthermore, the study highlights a possible involvement of gut microbiota metabolites - such as butyric acid, and of dietary fiber as a precursor - in improving glucose metabolism and insulin sensitivity.

Published
2021

7. Dietary influence on adiponectin in patients with type 2 diabetes

Author

Ersilia Nigro, Angela A. Rivellese, Aurora Daniele, Lutgarda Bozzetto, Giovanni Annuzzi, Rita Polito, Giuseppe Della Pepa, Giuseppina Costabile, Marilena Vitale, Anna Prinster, Claudia Vetrani, Bozzetto, Lutgarda, Polito, Rita, Nigro, Ersilia, Prinster, Anna, Della Pepa, Giuseppe, Costabile, Giuseppina, Vetrani, Claudia, Vitale, Marilena, Daniele, Aurora, Rivellese, Angela Albarosa, Annuzzi, Giovanni, Bozzetto, L., Polito, R., Nigro, E., Prinster, A., Della Pepa, G., Costabile, G., Vetrani, C., Vitale, M., Daniele, A., Rivellese, A. A., and Annuzzi, G.

Subjects
Adult, Dietary Fiber, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, medicine.medical_treatment, Clinical Biochemistry, Plasma adiponectin, Type 2 diabetes, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Carbohydrate metabolism, Biochemistry, Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, monounsaturated fatty acid, Internal medicine, Liver fat, Dietary Carbohydrates, Humans, Insulin, Medicine, In patient, 030212 general & internal medicine, Aged, Adiponectin, adiponectin, business.industry, dietary fibre, Fasting, General Medicine, Middle Aged, liver fat, Postprandial Period, medicine.disease, Diet, Endocrinology, Postprandial, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Liver, Glycemic Index, glycaemic index, Female, type 2 diabetes, business
Abstract

Background Here, we evaluate the effects of a diet rich in low-glycaemic index carbohydrates and fibre (CHO/Fibre diet) or monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA diet), on fasting and postprandial adiponectin concentrations and their relationship with the beneficial effects of the experimental diets on postprandial glucose metabolism and liver fat in type 2 diabetes (T2D).Methods Fasting and postprandial adiponectin plasma concentrations were measured before and after dietary interventions in the participants to a randomized controlled trial (NCT01025856), wherein 37 men and 8 women with T2D, aged 35-70 years, followed a CHO/Fibre diet or a MUFA diet for an 8-week period. Hepatic fat content by H-1 NMR and fasting and postprandial plasma glucose and insulin measurements were also available.Results Fasting adiponectin plasma levels did not change after both diets. Postprandial adiponectin significantly increased after the CHO/fibre diet (9.9 +/- 1.6 mu g/mL vs. 10.8 +/- 2.3 mu g/mL; P = .033) but not after the MUFA diet (10.6 +/- 1.8 mu g/mL vs. 10.6 +/- 1.6 mu g/mL; P = .935) with a significant difference between changes (P = .035). In the combined CHO/Fibre and MUFA groups, fasting and postprandial adiponectin significantly and inversely correlated with postprandial insulin iAUC at baseline and after intervention, and with liver fat content after intervention.Conclusions A diet rich in CHO/Fibre increased postprandial plasma adiponectin significantly more than a MUFA diet in patients with T2D. Independently of diet, adiponectin levels associated with postprandial insulin concentrations. The dietary interventions modulated the relationship between adiponectin and liver fat.

Published
2021

8. Dietary Impact on Postprandial Lipemia

Author

Claudia Vetrani, Giuseppe Della Pepa, Lutgarda Bozzetto, Angela A. Rivellese, Bozzetto, Lutgarda, DELLA PEPA, Giuseppe, Vetrani, Claudia, and Rivellese, ANGELA ALBAROSA

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Triglyceride rich lipoprotein, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, dietary patterns, 030209 endocrinology & metabolism, Hyperlipidemias, Review, lcsh:Diseases of the endocrine glands. Clinical endocrinology, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Nutrient, triglyceride concentration, Endocrinology, Weight loss, medicine, Animals, Humans, Nutritional Physiological Phenomena, Food science, triglyceride concentrations, lcsh:RC648-665, postprandial lipemia, business.industry, triglyceride-rich lipoprotein, Nutrients, dietary components, Postprandial Period, dietary component, Diet, 030104 developmental biology, Postprandial, Cardiovascular Diseases, Metabolic effects, dietary pattern, medicine.symptom, business
Abstract

Abnormalities in postprandial lipemia (PPL), particularly those related to triglyceride-rich lipoproteins, are considered an independent cardiovascular risk factor. As diet is known to be one of the main modulators of PPL, the aim of this review was to summarize and discuss current knowledge on the impact of diet and its components on PPL in humans; specifically, the impact of weight loss, different nutrients (quantity and quality of dietary fats, carbohydrates, and proteins), alcohol and other bioactive dietary components (i.e., polyphenols), as well as the effect of different dietary patterns. The possible mechanisms behind the metabolic effects of each dietary component were also discussed.

Published
2020

9. Pizza Leavening Technique Influences Postprandial Glucose Response: A Randomized Controlled Trial in Patients With Type 1 Diabetes

Author

Giuseppina Costabile, Gabriele Riccardi, Lutgarda Bozzetto, Giovanni Annuzzi, Luca Franco, Luisa Cavagnuolo, Angela A. Rivellese, Cavagnuolo, Luisa, Bozzetto, Lutgarda, Franco, Luca, Costabile, Giuseppina, Riccardi, Gabriele, Rivellese, Angela Albarosa, and Annuzzi, Giovanni

Subjects
Advanced and Specialized Nursing, Insulin pump, Type 1 diabetes, business.industry, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Insulin, medicine.medical_treatment, 030209 endocrinology & metabolism, medicine.disease, Crossover study, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Postprandial, Glycemic index, Diabetes mellitus, Internal Medicine, Medicine, 030212 general & internal medicine, Food science, business, Leavening agent
Abstract

Achieving optimal postprandial glucose control remains a major issue in people with type 1 diabetes (T1D), including those using innovative technologies (1,2). Eating pizza is challenging for patients with T1D (3) because of its high and extremely variable glycemic index (4) and prolonged postprandial hyperglycemia. Bread leavened by sourdough instead of brewer’s yeast may reduce postprandial glucose response (PGR), and duration of sourdough leavening could play a beneficial role (5). Whether this holds true for pizza and in patients with T1D is unknown. We compared PGR for pizzas differing in type and duration of dough leavening in 16 T1D patients (9 men, 7 women) on an insulin pump. The study was approved by the institutional ethics committee (reg. no. NCT03619031, ClinicalTrials.gov). According to a randomized crossover design, participants consumed—at home, on three nonconsecutive evenings over 3 weeks—a pizza prepared with 1 ) brewer’s yeast and wheat flour, 5-h leavening (usual leavening time) (Brew5); 2 ) sourdough and flour mix, 5-h leavening (Sour5); or 3 ) sourdough and flour mix, 60-h leavening (Sour60). Premeal insulin doses, calculated by the individual insulin–to–glycemic load ratio (2) (the same for each participant on the three occasions, range 6–14 IU) were given as an 80/20% dual-wave bolus extended for 4 h. PGR was evaluated by the real-time continuous glucose monitoring system (Dexcom, Guardian, or Freestyle) used by …

Published
2019

10. Long-term body weight trajectories and metabolic control in type 1 diabetes patients on insulin pump or multiple daily injections: A 10-year retrospective controlled study

Author

Gabriele Riccardi, Angela A. Rivellese, Lutgarda Bozzetto, Luca Franco, Antonio Alderisio, Giovanni Annuzzi, Alderisio, Antonio, Bozzetto, Lutgarda, Franco, Luca, Riccardi, Gabriele, Rivellese, ANGELA ALBAROSA, and Annuzzi, Giovanni

Subjects
Adult, Blood Glucose, Male, Insulin pump, medicine.medical_specialty, Time Factors, Adolescent, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, medicine.medical_treatment, Medicine (miscellaneous), 030209 endocrinology & metabolism, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Overweight, Infusions, Subcutaneous, Weight Gain, Drug Administration Schedule, Injections, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, Insulin Infusion Systems, 0302 clinical medicine, Diabetes mellitus, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, Hypoglycemic Agents, Insulin, Aged, Retrospective Studies, Glycemic, Glycated Hemoglobin, Type 1 diabetes, Nutrition and Dietetics, business.industry, Repeated measures design, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Obesity, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1, Treatment Outcome, Body-Weight Trajectory, Female, medicine.symptom, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business, Biomarkers
Abstract

Background and aims Overweight/obesity is a clinical concern also in patients with Type 1 diabetes (T1DM). These patients' body weight may vary depending on whether treatment consists in continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) or multiple daily injections (MDI), as these treatments lead to different blood glucose control, insulin doses, and eating behaviors. We compared long-term body weight trajectories in persons with diabetes on CSII or MDI regimens. Methods and results Annual changes in body weight, HbA1c, and daily insulin doses over 6–10 years were retrospectively analyzed in T1DM adult patients on CSII (n = 90) or MDI (n = 90), strictly matched for sex, age, BMI, and diabetes duration. Mean follow-up was 9.1 ± 1.4 years. Body weight increased linearly (∼0.5 kg per year) throughout the observation period (p = 0.001, repeated measures ANOVA) with no significant difference between the CSII and MDI cohorts (p = 0.74), in either normal-weight or overweight/obese patients. HbA1c over follow-up was lower with CSII than with MDI (p = 0.037), maintaining the initial reduction after starting pump therapy. Insulin doses over follow-up were stably lower than baseline (∼20%) with CSII, while linearly increasing (∼20% from baseline to the end of observation) with MDI (p = 0.002). Mean annual weight changes correlated directly with total insulin dose changes (r = 0.191; p = 0.011) and baseline HbA1c level (r = 0.267; p = 0.001), and inversely with HbA1c changes (−0.173; p = 0.021) and baseline age (r = −0.254; p = 0.001). Conclusion T1DM patients on CSII or MDI showed comparable body weight gain over a 10-year follow-up, despite improved glycemic control and decreased insulin doses with CSII.

Published
2019

11. The Possible Role of Nutraceuticals in the Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease

Author

G. Costabile, Paola Ciciola, Claudia Vetrani, Angela A. Rivellese, Marilena Vitale, Rivellese, Angela Albarosa, Ciciola, Paola, Costabile, Giuseppina, Vetrani, Claudia, and Vitale, Marilena

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Blood Glucose, medicine.medical_specialty, Health Status, Blood Pressure, Disease, Body weight, 03 medical and health sciences, Therapeutic approach, 0302 clinical medicine, Nutraceutical, Pharmacotherapy, Risk Factors, Plasma lipids, Internal Medicine, Red yeast rice, Medicine, Humans, Hypoglycemic Agents, Intensive care medicine, Antihypertensive Agents, Hypolipidemic Agents, business.industry, Body Weight, Protective Factors, Intervention studies, Lipids, 030104 developmental biology, Treatment Outcome, Cardiovascular Diseases, Dietary Supplements, Anti-Obesity Agents, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Biomarkers
Abstract

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the main causes of mortality and disability worldwide. Although the initial therapeutic approach to improve the main cardiovascular (CV) risk factors is based on nonpharmacological measures, mainly lifestyle modifications, compliance to recommendations is often poor and inadequate. Therefore, in recent years the use of several nutraceuticals, i.e., nutrients and/or bioactive compounds of plant or microbial origin with potentially healthful effects, has become widespread. However, to date, the scientific data on the possible benefits of the use of nutraceuticals are still inconclusive, due to the absence of adequately controlled intervention studies at least for some of them. Against this background, the scientific evidence derived from controlled intervention studies in relation to the effects of some nutraceuticals (i.e. fiber, phytosterols, soy products, red yeast rice, polyphenols and berberine) on the main CV risk factors (body weight, blood pressure, blood glucose levels and plasma lipids) in humans will be reviewed.

Published
2018

12. Extra-Virgin Olive Oil Reduces Glycemic Response to a High–Glycemic Index Meal in Patients With Type 1 Diabetes: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Author

Francesca Barone, Gabriele Riccardi, A. Giacco, Antonio Alderisio, Angela A. Rivellese, Lutgarda Bozzetto, Marisa Giorgini, Giovanni Annuzzi, Bozzetto, Lutgarda, Alderisio, Antonio, Giorgini, M, Barone, F, Giacco, Angela, Riccardi, Gabriele, Rivellese, ANGELA ALBAROSA, and Annuzzi, Giovanni

Subjects
Adult, Blood Glucose, Male, Insulin pump, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, medicine.medical_treatment, Saturated fat, 030209 endocrinology & metabolism, Context (language use), Body Mass Index, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Internal Medicine, medicine, Humans, Insulin, 030212 general & internal medicine, Food science, Meals, Olive Oil, Glycemic, Glycated Hemoglobin, Advanced and Specialized Nursing, Meal, Cross-Over Studies, business.industry, digestive, oral, and skin physiology, Middle Aged, Postprandial Period, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1, Treatment Outcome, Glycemic index, Postprandial, Glycemic Index, Sample Size, Female, business
Abstract

OBJECTIVE To evaluate whether fat quality, in the context of meals with high– (HGI) or low–glycemic index (LGI), influences postprandial blood glucose (PPG) response in patients with type 1 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS According to a randomized crossover design, 13 patients with type 1 diabetes on insulin pump consumed two series (HGI or LGI) of meals with the same carbohydrate quantity while differing for amount and quality of fat: 1) low in fat (“low fat”), 2) high in saturated fat (butter), or 3) high in monounsaturated fat (extra-virgin olive oil) (EVOO). Premeal insulin doses were based on insulin–to–glycemic load ratios. Continuous glucose monitoring was performed and 6-h PPG evaluated. RESULTS PPG was significantly different between HGI and LGI meals (P = 0.005 for time × glycemic index interaction by repeated-measures analysis [RMA]), being significantly higher during the first 3 h after the HGI meals with a later tendency to an opposite pattern. In the context of HGI meals, PPG was significantly lower after EVOO than after low fat or butter (P < 0.0001 for time × meal interaction by RMA), with a marked difference in the 0- to 3-h glucose incremental area under the curve between EVOO (mean ± SD 198 ± 274 mmol/L × 180 min) and either low fat (416 ± 329) or butter (398 ± 355) (P < 0.05). No significant differences were observed in PPG between the three LGI meals. CONCLUSIONS Carbohydrate quality of a mixed meal influences shape and extent of PPG. Besides, using EVOO in a HGI meal attenuates the early postprandial glucose response observed when this meal is consumed with either low fat or butter. Therefore, an optimal prandial insulin administration would require considering, in addition to the quantity of carbohydrates, the quality of both carbohydrate and fat.

Published
2016

13. Effects of whole-grain cereal foods on plasma short chain fatty acid concentrations in individuals with the metabolic syndrome

Author

Claudia Vetrani, Giuseppina Costabile, PhD, Delia Luongo, BSc, Daniele Naviglio, Angela A. Rivellese, Gabriele Riccardi, Rosalba Giacco, Vetrani, Claudia, Costabile, Giuseppina, Luongo, Delia, Naviglio, Daniele, Rivellese, ANGELA ALBAROSA, Riccardi, Gabriele, and Giacco, Rosalba

Subjects
Blood Glucose, Dietary Fiber, Male, 0301 basic medicine, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, medicine.medical_treatment, fibre fermentation, Acetates, Gut flora, Body Mass Index, 0302 clinical medicine, Postprandial insulin, Interleukin-1alpha, Propionate, Insulin, Metabolic Syndrome, chemistry.chemical_classification, Whole Grains, Nutrition and Dietetics, biology, Short-chain fatty acid, food and beverages, Middle Aged, Postprandial Period, Butyrates, C-Reactive Protein, Postprandial, Fiber fermentation, Female, cardiometabolic diseases, inflammation, Whole-grains, medicine.medical_specialty, 030209 endocrinology & metabolism, 03 medical and health sciences, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, Obesity, Triglycerides, Inflammation, 030109 nutrition & dietetics, Interleukin-6, Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha, Cholesterol, HDL, C-reactive protein, Cholesterol, LDL, Overweight, Fatty Acids, Volatile, biology.organism_classification, medicine.disease, Diet, Cardiometabolic disease, Endocrinology, chemistry, biology.protein, Patient Compliance, Propionates, Metabolic syndrome, Energy Intake, Biomarkers
Abstract

37 Objective: Short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) derived from dietary fibre fermentation by gut 38 microbiota have been identified as one of the mechanisms behind the association between habitual 39 whole-grain intake and a lower risk of cardiometabolic diseases. The aims of the present work are: 40 (1) to evaluate whether a whole-grain wheat-based diet may increase SCFAs concentration; (2) to 41 identify possible associations between SCFAs and metabolic changes observed after the nutritional 42 intervention. 43 Research Methods & Procedures: Fifty-four subjects participated in the trial. They underwent a 44 12-week dietary intervention based on whole-grain or refined cereal products. At baseline and after 45 the intervention, glucose, insulin, triglyceride, inflammatory markers (hs-CRP, IL-1ra, IL-6 and 46 TNF-?) and SCFAs plasma concentrations were evaluated. 47 Results: After the intervention, in the whole-grain group fasting plasma propionate concentrations 48 were higher than at baseline, whereas a reduction was detected in the control group. Thence, the 49 absolute changes (end of trial minus baseline) in fasting plasma propionate concentrations were 50 significantly different between the two groups (p=0.048). The absolute changes of fasting 51 propionate correlated with cereal fibre intake (r= 0.358, p= 0.023) but no significant correlations 52 with clinical outcomes were found. However, postprandial insulin was significantly decreased in the 53 group having the absolute changes of fasting propionate concentration above the median value 54 (p=0.022 vs subjects with fasting propionate changes below the median value). 55 Conclusions: A 12 week whole-grain wheat-based diet increases fasting plasma propionate. This 56 increase correlates with the cereal fibre intake and is associated with lower postprandial insulin 57 concentrations.

Published
2016

14. Effects of a multifactorial ecosustainable isocaloric diet on liver fat in patients with type 2 diabetes: randomized clinical trial

Author

Marco Salvatore, Peppino Mirabelli, Marianna Tommasone, P. Cipriano, Anna Izzo, Giovanni Annuzzi, Gennaro Clemente, Valentina Brancato, Claudia Vetrani, Giuseppe Della Pepa, Marcello Mancini, G. Lombardi, Angela A. Rivellese, Serena Monti, Lutgarda Bozzetto, Gabriele Riccardi, Marilena Vitale, DELLA PEPA, Giuseppe, Vetrani, Claudia, Brancato, Valentina, Vitale, Marilena, Monti, Serena, Annuzzi, Giovanni, Lombardi, Gianluca, Izzo, Anna, Tommasone, Marianna, Cipriano, Paola, Clemente, Gennaro, Mirabelli, Peppino, Mancini, Marcello, Salvatore, Marco, Riccardi, Gabriele, Rivellese, ANGELA ALBAROSA, and Bozzetto, Lutgarda

Subjects
Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, endocrine system diseases, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, medicine.medical_treatment, Saturated fat, 030209 endocrinology & metabolism, Type 2 diabetes, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Overweight, Clinical Care/Education/Nutrition, Diseases of the endocrine glands. Clinical endocrinology, Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0302 clinical medicine, dietary intervention, Internal medicine, Diabetes mellitus, medicine, Humans, Insulin, Aged, chemistry.chemical_classification, business.industry, Fatty liver, nutritional and metabolic diseases, Middle Aged, liver fat, RC648-665, medicine.disease, Diet, Endocrinology, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Liver, chemistry, type 2 diabetes, Glycated hemoglobin, medicine.symptom, business, Polyunsaturated fatty acid
Abstract

IntroductionTreatment options for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) are still a matter of debate. We compared the effects of a diet including different components versus a proven beneficial diet rich in monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) on liver fat in T2D.Research design and methodsAccording to a parallel design, 49 individuals with T2D, overweight/obese, with high waist circumference, 35–75 years-old, in satisfactory blood glucose control with diet or drugs not affecting liver fat content, were randomly assigned to an 8-week isocaloric intervention with a MUFA diet (n=26) or a multifactorial diet rich in fiber, MUFA, n-6 and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, polyphenols, and vitamins D, E, and C (n=23). Before and after the intervention, liver fat content was evaluated by proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS). 1H-MRS complete data were available for n=21 (MUFA diet) and n=18 (multifactorial diet) participants.ResultsAdherence to dietary interventions was optimal. No significant differences between groups in body weight reduction, plasma glycated hemoglobin, insulin, glucose, lipids and liver enzymes were observed. Liver fat significantly decreased after both the multifactorial diet (9.18%±7.78% vs 5.22%±4.80%, p=0.003) and the MUFA diet (9.47%±8.89% vs 8.07%±8.52%, p=0.027) with a statistically significant difference between changes either in absolute terms (−4.0%±4.5% vs −1.4%±2.7%, p=0.035) or percent (−40%±33% vs −19%±25%, p=0.030).ConclusionsAn isocaloric multifactorial diet including several beneficial dietary components induced a clinically relevant reduction of liver fat in patients with T2D, more pronounced than that induced by simply replacing saturated fat with MUFA. This suggests that the ‘optimal diet’ for NAFLD treatment in T2D should be based on synergic actions of different dietary components on multiple pathophysiological pathways.Trial registration numberNCT03380416.

Published
2020

15. Gastrointestinal effects of extra-virgin olive oil associated with lower postprandial glycemia in type 1 diabetes

Author

Lutgarda Bozzetto, A. Giacco, E. Griffo, Marisa Giorgini, Angela A. Rivellese, Claudia Vetrani, Gennaro Clemente, Paola Cipriano, Gabriele Riccardi, Francesca Barone, Giovanni Annuzzi, Giuseppina Costabile, Antonio Alderisio, Bozzetto, Lutgarda, Alderisio, Antonio, Clemente, Gennaro, Giorgini, Marisa, Barone, Francesca, Griffo, Ettore, Costabile, Giuseppina, Vetrani, Claudia, Cipriano, Paola, Giacco, Angela, Riccardi, Gabriele, Rivellese, Angela Albarosa, and Annuzzi, Giovanni

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Insulin pump, Adult, Blood Glucose, Male, Type 1 diabete, Extra-virgin olive oil, 030209 endocrinology & metabolism, Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine, Incretins, Glucagon, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0302 clinical medicine, Glucagon-Like Peptide 1, Nutrition and Dietetic, medicine, Humans, Food science, Olive Oil, Glycemic, Meal, Type 1 diabetes, 030109 nutrition & dietetics, Nutrition and Dietetics, Cross-Over Studies, Gastric emptying, Triglyceride, business.industry, digestive, oral, and skin physiology, Incretin, Postprandial glycemia, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Postprandial Period, Postprandial, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1, chemistry, Gastric Emptying, Female, business, Dietary fat
Abstract

Summary Objective To explore the possible mechanisms behind the lower glycemic response observed when extra-virgin olive oil (EVOO) is added to a high-glycemic index meal in patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D). Research design and methods According to a randomized cross-over design, eleven T1D patients (6 women, 5 men) on insulin pump consumed in the metabolic ward, one week apart, three high-glycemic index meals differing only for amount and quality of fat: high-monounsaturated fat (EVOO), high-saturated fat (Butter), and low-fat (LF). Before and after the meals, blood glucose (continuous glucose monitoring), gastric emptying rate (ultrasound technique), and plasma concentrations of glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide GIP (ELISA), glucagon (RIA), and lipids (colorimetric assays) were evaluated. Results Blood glucose iAUC (mmol/lx360 min) was lower after the EVOO (690 ± 431) than after the Butter (1320 ± 600) and LF meals (1007 ± 990) (M ± SD, p = 0.041 by repeated measures ANOVA). Gastric antrum volume was significantly larger in the early (60–90 min) postprandial phase (106 ± 21 vs. 90 ± 16 ml, p = 0.048) and significantly smaller in the late phase (330–360 min) (46 ± 10 vs. 57 ± 22 ml, p = 0.045) after the EVOO than after Butter meal. EVOO significantly increased postprandial GLP-1 iAUC (261 ± 311) compared to Butter (189 ± 349) (pmol/Lx180 min, p = 0.009). Postprandial GIP and glucagon responses were not significantly different between EVOO and Butter. Postprandial triglyceride iAUC was significantly higher after EVOO (100 ± 53) than after Butter (65 ± 60) (mmol/l × 360 min, p = 0.048). Conclusions Changes in gastric emptying and GLP-1 secretion and reduced glucose absorption through glucose-lipid competition may contribute to lower glycemia after a high-glycemic index meal with EVOO in T1D patients. Clinical trials number NCT02330939.

Published
2018

16. Albiglutide and cardiovascular outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease (Harmony Outcomes): a double-blind, randomised placebo-controlled trial

Author

Adrian F Hernandez, Jennifer B Green, Salim Janmohamed, Ralph B D'Agostino, Christopher B Granger, Nigel P Jones, Lawrence A Leiter, Anne E Rosenberg, Kristina N Sigmon, Matthew C Somerville, Karl M Thorpe, John J V McMurray, Stefano Del Prato, John J.V. McMurray, Ralph B. D'Agostino, Christopher B. Granger, Adrian F. Hernandez, Lawrence A. Leiter, Robert M Califf, Rury Holman, David DeMets, Matthew Riddle, Shaun Goodman, Darren McGuire, Karen Alexander, Adam Devore, Chiara Melloni, Chetan Patel, David Kong, Gerald Bloomfield, Matthew Roe, Pierluigi Tricoci, Rob Harrison, Renato Lopes, Robin Mathews, Rajendra Mehta, William Schuyler Jones, Sreekanth Vemulapalli, Thomas Povsic, Zubin Eapen, Keith Dombrowski, Brad Kolls, Dedrick Jordan, Andrew Ambrosy, Stephen Greene, Aditya Mandawat, Jay Shavadia, Lauren Cooper, Abhinav Sharma, Patricia Guimaraes, Daniel Friedman, Matt Wilson, Patricia Endsley, Tracy Gentry, Jeannie Collier, Kathleen Perez, Kourtnei James, Jennifer Roush, Connie Pope, Christina Howell, Megan Johnson, Matt Bailey, Joanna Cole, Teresa Akers, Beth Vandyne, Betsy Thomas, Jenny Rich, Susan Bartone, Gail Beaulieu, Kim Brown, Tuan Chau, Tamra Christian, Rebecca Coker, Deb Greene, Trevorlyn Haddock, Wendy Jenkins, Ghazala Haque, Marsha Marquess, Jean Pesarchick, Renee Rethaford, Allegra Stone, Firas Al Kawas, Michelle Anderson, Robert Enns, Isaac Sinay, Chantal Mathieu, Victor Yordanov, Irene Hramiak, Martin Haluzik, Søren Galatius, Bruno Guerci, Michael Nauck, Ilias Migdalis, Choon Beng Kathryn Tan, Gyozo Kocsis, Andrea Giaccari, Moon Kyu Lee, Ernesto German Cardona Muñoz, Jan Cornel, Kare Birkeland, Miguel Pinto, Louie Tirador, Martyna Olesinska-Mader, Marina Shestakova, Larry Distiller, Jose Lopez-Sendon, Bjorn Eliasson, Chern-En Chiang, Suphot Srimahachota, Boris Mankovsky, M Angelyn Bethel, Kathleen Dungan, Mikhail Kosiborod, Andres Alvarisqueta, Jorge Baldovino, Diego Besada, Pedro Calella, Maria Cecilia Cantero, Patricia Castaño, Alejandro Chertkoff, Jesus Cuadrado, Luis De Loredo, Andrea Dominguez, Maria Vanesa Español, Hernan Finkelstein, Gustavo Frechtel, Jose Fretes, Natalia Garrido Santos, Joaquin Gonzalez, Marcos Litvak, Juan Loureyro, Laura Maffei, Natacha Maldonado, Diego Mohr Gasparini, Silvia Orio, Federico Perez Manghi, Nelson Rodriguez Papini, Jorgelina Sala, Pablo Schygiel, Georgina Sposetti, Maria Ulla, Fernando Verra, Silvina Zabalua, Cesar Zaidman, Laurent Crenier, Corinne Debroye, Francis Duyck, André Scheen, Luc Van Gaal, Chris Vercammen, Velichka Damyanova, Stefan Dimitrov, Snezhina Kovacheva, Lachezar Lozanov, Viktor Margaritov, Rositsa Mihaylova-Shumkova, Antoaneta Nikolaeva, Zhasmina Stoyanova, Ronald Akhras, Yves Beaudry, Jacques Bedard, Joseph Berlingieri, Raja Chehayeb, Stephen Cheung, James Conway, Jean Cusson, Anthony Della Siega, Richard Dumas, Peter Dzongowski, Murdo Ferguson, Daniel Gaudet, Francois Grondin, Anil Gupta, Milan Gupta, Frank Halperin, Pierre-Alain Houle, Michael Jones, Simon Kouz, Christopher Kovacs, Daniel Landry, Eva Lonn, William O'Mahony, Sean Peterson, Dennis Reich, Alan Rosenbloom, Francois St-Maurice, Barna Tugwell, Saul Vizel, Vincent Woo, Tomas Brychta, Vladimir Cech, Eva Dvorakova, Tomas Edelsberger, Katarina Halciakova, Jarmila Krizova, Jiri Lastuvka, Martin Piperek, Vera Prymkova, Lea Raclavska, Elena Silhova, Robin Urbanek, Jan Vrkoc, Ulla Andersen, Jens Brønnum-Schou, Jens Hove, Jan Skov Jensen, Lars Kober, Ole Peter Kristiansen, Per Lund, Thomas Melchior, Ole Nyvad, Morten Schou, Alain Boye, Didier Cadinot, Didier Gouet, Patrick Henry, Laurence Kessler, Jean-Daniel Lalau, Catherine Petit, Jean-Francois Thuan, Christel Voinot, Julien Vouillarmet, Christoph Axthelm, Dirk Berger, Tasso Bieler, Andreas Birkenfeld, Jochen Bott, Klaus Busch, Karel Caca, Julia Chevts, Torsten Donaubauer, Rudolf Erlinger, Klaus Funke, Josef Grosskopf, Andreas Hagenow, Monika Hamann, Manfred Hartard, Peter Heymer, Wolfgang Huppertz, Gabriele Illies, Stephan Jacob, Thomas Jung, Gerd Kahrmann, Petra Kast, Monika Kellerer, Hans-Peter Kempe, Andrei Khariouzov, Gerhard Klausmann, Christiane Klein, Uwe Kleinecke-Pohl, Klaus Kleinertz, Thorsten Koch, Christine Kosch, Babette Lorra, Joerg Luedemann, Matthias Luttermann, Stephan Maxeiner, Karsten Milek, Andrea Moelle, Gerhard Neumann, Ruth Nischik, Edith Oehrig-Pohl, Georg Plassmann, Lars Pohlmeier, Felix Proepper, Stefan Regner, Werner Rieker, Ludger Rose, Holger Samer, Joachim Sauter, Frank Schaper, Clemens Schiffer, Juergen Schmidt, Bernd-M. Scholz, Joerg Schulze, Alexander Segner, Jochen Seufert, Helena Sigal, Joerg Steindorf, Juergen Stockhausen, Petra Stuebler, Heidrun Taeschner, Dietrich Tews, Diethelm Tschoepe, Karl Wilhelm, Helga Zeller-Stefan, Iakovos Avramidis, Stavros Bousboulas, Magdalini Bristianou, Georgios Dimitriadis, Moses Elisaf, Kalliopi Kotsa, Andreas Melidonis, Asimina Mitrakou, Emmanouil Pagkalos, Nikolaos Papanas, Angelos Pappas, Christos Sampanis, Nikolaos Tentolouris, Apostolos Tsapas, Glykeria Tzatzagou, Risa Ozaki, Csaba Hajdú, Eleonóra Harcsa, Laszlo Konyves, János Mucsi, Zsolt Pauker, Gizella Petró, Zsolt Plés, Katalin Revesz, Vangel Sándor, Viktor Vass, Angelo Avogaro, Massimo Boemi, Riccardo Bonadonna, Agostino Consoli, Salvatore De Cosmo, Paolo Di Bartolo, Francesco Dotta, Simona Frontoni, Marianna Galetta, Alessandra Gambineri, Carmine Gazzaruso, Francesco Giorgino, Davide Lauro, Emanuela Orsi, Giuseppe Paolisso, Gabriele Perriello, Piermarco Piatti, Antonio Pontiroli, Paola Ponzani, Angela Albarosa Rivellese, Giorgio Sesti, Giancarlo Tonolo, Roberto Trevisan, Chul Woo Ahn, Sei-Hyun Baik, Bong-Soo Cha, Choon-Hee Chung, Hak Chul Jang, Chong-Jin Kim, Hye Soon Kim, In Joo Kim, Eun Young Lee, Hyoung Woo Lee, Kwan-Woo Lee, Keon-Woong Moon, June Namgung, Kyong Soo Park, Soon Jib Yoo, Jaemyung Yu, Edmundo-Alfredo Bayram Llamas, Jose-Luis Cervantes-Escárcega, Luis Fernando Flota-Cervera, José Gerardo González-González, Sara Pascoe-Gonzalez, Emilia Susana Pelayo-Orozco, Santiago-Paulino Ramirez-Diaz, Arturo Saldana-Mendoza, Carlos Sánchez Jerjes-Díaz, Jose Juan Torres-Colores, Maricela Vidrio-Velázquez, Juan Villagordoa-Mesa, Hugo Peter Beijerbacht, Reginald G.E.J. Groutars, Boudewijn A Hoek, Pieter A.M. Hoogslag, Adriaan Kooy, Johannes A. Kragten, Aloysius G. Lieverse, Hendrik P. Swart, Eric P. Viergever, Jørn Ahlqvist, John Cooper, Hanne Gulseth, Gaute Guttormsen, Cecilie Wium, Hugo Arbañil, Jorge Calderon, Luis Camacho, Augusto Dextre Espinoza, Elizabeth Garrido, Alejandro Luna, Helard Manrique, Frederick Massucco Revoredo, Rolando Vargas Gonzales, Luis Zapata Rincon, Carlos Zubiate, Geraldine Ebo, Ellen Morales-Palomares, Malgorzata Arciszewska, Marek Banach, Renata Bijata-Bronisz, Tadeusz Derezinski, Waldemar Gadzinski, Jacek Gajek, Katarzyna Klodawska, Ewa Krzyzagorska, Andrzej Madej, Pawel Miekus, Jaroslaw Opiela, Piotr Romanczuk, Anna Siegel, Ewa Skokowska, Andrzej Stankiewicz, Teresa Stasinska, Iwona Trznadel-Morawska, Robert Witek, Sergey Aksentyev, Irina Bondar, Irina Demidova, Alexander Dreval, Olga Ershova, Gagik Galstyan, Alla Garganeeva, Nadezhda Izmozherova, Victoria Karetnikova, Marina Kharakhulakh, Aleksandr Khokhlov, Zhanna Kobalava, Olga Koshelskaya, Elena Kosmacheva, Vladimir Kostin, Natalia Koziolova, Anatoly Kuzin, Victor Lesnov, Tatyana Lysenko, Valentin Markov, Alexander Mayorov, Sergey Moiseev, Svetlana Myasoedova, Nina Petunina, Andrey Rebrov, Ludmila Ruyatkina, Julia Samoylova, Olga Sazonova, Natalia Shilkina, Nadezhda Sokolova, Olga Vasilevskaya, Nelli Verbovaya, Elena Vishneva, Sergey Vorobyev, Natalya Vorokhobina, Olga Zanozina, Elena Zhdanova, Tatyana Zykova, Lesley Burgess, Kathleen Coetzee, Saleem Dawood, Landman Lombard, Ellen Makotoko, Rajendran Moodley, Wessels Oosthuysen, Mohamed Sarvan, Carlos Calvo Gómez, Isidoro Cano Rodríguez, Almudena Castro Conde, Angel Cequier Fillat, Guillem Cuatrecasas Cambra, Fernando de Álvaro Moreno, Luis De Teresa Parreño, Javier Delgado Lista, José Ramón Domínguez Escribano, Santiago Durán García, Javier Elvira González, José María Fernández Rodríguez, Alberto Goday Arno, Ricardo Gomez Huelgas, José Ramón González Juanatey, Antonio Hernandez Mijares, Víctor Alfonso Jiménez Díaz, Esteban Jodar Gimeno, Tomás Lucas Morante, Monica Marazuela, Nieves Martell Claros, Didac Mauricio Puente, Elena Mena Ribas, Juan Francisco Merino Torres, Pedro Mezquita Raya, Andreu Nubiola Calonge, Xavier Ordoñez Sánchez, Jose Maria Pascual Izuel, Verónica Perea Castilla, Antonio Pérez Pérez, Isabel Perez Soto, Miguel Quesada Charneco, Angustias Quesada Simón, Josep Redón Mas, Antonia Rego Iraeta, Maria Rodriguez Alvarez, Irene Rodríguez Rodríguez, José Sabán Ruiz, Alfonso Soto González, Francisco Tinahones Madueno, Carlos Trescoli Serrano, Angels Ulied Armiñana, Erasmus Bachus, Katarina Berndtsson Blom, Ken Eliasson, Pekka Koskinen, Hans Larnefeldt, Cornelia Lif-Tiberg, Carina Linderfalk, Gustav Lund, Pia Lundman, Linda Moris, Åke Olsson, Staffan Salmonsson, Johan Sanmartin Berglund, Folke Sjöberg, Stefan Söderberg, Ingemar Torstensson, Jung-Fu Chen, Kai Jen Tien, Shih-Ting Tseng, Shih-Te Tu, Chih-Yuan Wang, Ji-Hung Wang, Arintaya Phrommintikul, Sukit Yamwong, Woravut Jintapakorn, Pisit Hutayanon, Nakarin Sansanayudh, Larysa Bazhan, Ivan Fushtey, Mariya Grachova, Vitaliy Katerenchuk, Vadym Korpachev, Nonna Kravchun, Oleksandr Larin, Galyna Mykhalchyshyn, Halyna Myshanych, Olga Oleksyk, Valeriia Orlenko, Nataliia Pashkovska, Nataliia Pertseva, Olena Petrosyan, Ivan Smirnov, Maryna Vlasenko, Tetiana Zlova, Myint Aye, Arun Baksi, Mathangi Balasubramani, Ronnie Beboso, Mark Blagden, Charles Bundy, Tobias Cookson, Allan Copland, Alistair Emslie-Smith, Fiona Green, Anthony Gunstone, Basil Issa, Ewart Jackson-Voyzey, Andrew Johnson, Malcolm Maclean, John McKnight, Solomon Muzulu, Ian O'Connell, Babatunde Oyesile, Catherine Patterson, Ewan Pearson, Sam Philip, Paul Smith, Usha Sukumaran, Jalal Abbas, Gaurav Aggarwala, Faiq Akhter, James Andersen, Moise Anglade, Georges Argoud, Mehrdad Ariani, Reswan Ashdji, Ladan Bakhtari, Subhash Banerjee, Andrew Bartlett, Howard Baum, Harold Bays, Richard Beasley, Renata Belfort de Aguiar, Sabrina Benjamin, Ravi Bhagwat, Anuj Bhargava, Bruce Bode, Christina Bratcher, Toby Briskin, Andrew Brockmyre, Raymond Broughton, Judith Brown, Madhusudan Budhraja, Kevin Cannon, Jewell Carr, Harold Cathcart, Arvind Cavale, Louis Chaykin, Deanna Cheung, Richard Childress, Allan Cohen, Jonathan Condit, Erin Cooksey, George Mitchell Cornett, Ira Dauber, William Davila, Luis De Armas, Julius Dean, Robert Detweiler, Ernesto Diaz, Michael Di Giovanna, Isaac Dor, Waymon Drummond, Donald Eagerton, John Earl, Charles Eaton, Howard Ellison, Neil Farris, Thomas Fiel, Anthony Firek, Brian First, Les Forgosh, William French, Winston Gandy, Ronald Garcia, Santosh Gill, Murray Gordon, Michael Guice, Siva Gummadi, Jonathan Hackenyos, Kristen Hairston, Lenita Hanson, Lindsay Harrison, Israel Hartman, John Heitner, Srini Hejeebu, Paul Hermany, Carlos Hernandez-Cassis, Horacio Hidalgo, Alexander Higgins, Hassan Ibrahim, Shahram Jacobs, David Johnson, Parag Joshi, Steven Kaster, Daniel Kellum, Christopher Kim, Ellen Kim, William Kirby, Albert Knouse, Steven Kulback, Mariananda Kumar, Tulsidas Kuruvanka, Ajay Labroo, William Lasswell, John Lentz, Thomas Lenzmeier, David Lewis, Zhaoping Li, Michael Lillestol, Raymond Little, Richard Lorraine, Cecilia McKeown-Biagas, Robert McNeill, Anand Mehta, Alan Miller, Joseph Moran, Emily Morawski, Venkatesh Nadar, Thomas O'Connor, Alberto Odio, Reginald Parker, Rajesh Patel, Lawrence Phillips, George Raad, Aref Rahman, Marina Raikhel, Ajit Raisinghani, Raj Rajan, Neda Rasouli, Frank Rauzi, Kathryn Rohr, Hal Roseman, Sergio Rovner, Fadi Saba, Richard Sachson, Alex Schabauer, Ricky Schneider, Timothy Schuchard, John Sensenbrenner, Yshay Shlesinger, Narendra Singh, Kanagaratnam Sivalingam, Larry Stonesifer, Daniel Storey, David Suh, Mohammed Tahir, Anjanette Tan, Marilyn Tan, Alain Taylon, Maitreya Thakkar, Devjit Tripathy, Gabriel Uwaifo, Amarnath Vedere, Chandra Venugopal, Anthony Vo, Michelle Welch, James Welker, Alexander White, John Willis, Alan Wynne, Shahram Yazdani, Anne Rosenberg, Lauren Price, Kristina Sigmon, Yuliya Lokhngina, Weibing Xing, Robert Overton, Murray Stewart, Janet Stead, Alistair Lindsay, Vickas Patel, Jorge Ross, Joseph Soffer, Shruti Daga, Margaret Sowell, Prashant Patel, Louisa Garvey, Jessica Ackert, Sybil Abraham, Mary Beth Sabol, Desma Altobelli, JuYoung Ha, Mangesh Kulkarni, Matthew Somerville, Drusilla Noronha, Ed Casson, Eddie Zang, Chamandeep Sandhu, Rakesh Kumar, David Chen, Lin Taft, Rajivkumar Patel, June Ye, Jennifer Shannon, Tim Wilson, Charleen Babi, Diane Miller, Karl Thorpe, Rachael Russell, Georgina Bull, Belinda Hereghty, Eva Fernandez-Salazar, Troy Longley, Jill Donaldson, Marie Jarosz, Karen Murphy, Patricia Adams, Peter Smith, Rachel James, Jackie Richards, Sangeeta Sedani, Denise Althouse, David Watson, Jamie Lorimer, Steven Lauder, Ron Schultheis, Terese Womer, Ella Wraight, Wenyan Li, Emma Price-Olsen, Anthony Watson, Aoife Kelly, Patricia McLaughlin, John Fleming, Jessica Schubert, Debra Schleiden, Tara Harris, Rahul Prakash, Jody Breneman, Sameer Deshpande, Aarti Saswadkar, Aditi Kumari, Aditi Shitut, Amruta Raorane, Anisha Karmalkar, Ankita Mhambrey, Archana Bhosale, Ashok Vaphare, Ashwini P Patil, Chaitali Khandelwal, Fayaz Shaik, Madhumitha Nadar, Mounika Karka, Neha Kadgaonkar, Nikita Gupta, Nutan Aher, Omkar Potnis, Pallavi Naicker, Rakesh Shinde, Richa Sharma, Rupali Godse, Sheetal Solanki, Shruti Sahu, Snehal Dumbre, Somesh Kumar, Suradnya Patil, Trisha Mandal, Hernandez, Adrian F, Green, Jennifer B, Janmohamed, Salim, D'Agostino, Ralph B, Granger, Christopher B, Jones, Nigel P, Leiter, Lawrence A, Rosenberg, Anne E, Sigmon, Kristina N, Somerville, Matthew C, Thorpe, Karl M, Mcmurray, John J V, Del Prato, Stefano, Mcmurray, John J. V., D'Agostino, Ralph B., Granger, Christopher B., Hernandez, Adrian F., Leiter, Lawrence A., Califf, Robert M, Holman, Rury, Demets, David, Riddle, Matthew, Goodman, Shaun, Mcguire, Darren, Alexander, Karen, Devore, Adam, Melloni, Chiara, Patel, Chetan, Kong, David, Bloomfield, Gerald, Roe, Matthew, Tricoci, Pierluigi, Harrison, Rob, Lopes, Renato, Mathews, Robin, Mehta, Rajendra, Schuyler Jones, William, Vemulapalli, Sreekanth, Povsic, Thoma, Eapen, Zubin, Dombrowski, Keith, Kolls, Brad, Jordan, Dedrick, Ambrosy, Andrew, Greene, Stephen, Mandawat, Aditya, Shavadia, Jay, Cooper, Lauren, Sharma, Abhinav, Guimaraes, Patricia, Friedman, Daniel, Wilson, Matt, Endsley, Patricia, Gentry, Tracy, Collier, Jeannie, Perez, Kathleen, James, Kourtnei, Roush, Jennifer, Pope, Connie, Howell, Christina, Johnson, Megan, Bailey, Matt, Cole, Joanna, Akers, Teresa, Vandyne, Beth, Thomas, Betsy, Rich, Jenny, Bartone, Susan, Beaulieu, Gail, Brown, Kim, Chau, Tuan, Christian, Tamra, Coker, Rebecca, Greene, Deb, Haddock, Trevorlyn, Jenkins, Wendy, Haque, Ghazala, Marquess, Marsha, Pesarchick, Jean, Rethaford, Renee, Stone, Allegra, Al Kawas, Fira, Anderson, Michelle, Enns, Robert, Sinay, Isaac, Mathieu, Chantal, Yordanov, Victor, Hramiak, Irene, Haluzik, Martin, Galatius, Søren, Guerci, Bruno, Nauck, Michael, Migdalis, Ilia, Tan, Choon Beng Kathryn, Kocsis, Gyozo, Giaccari, Andrea, Lee, Moon Kyu, Muñoz, Ernesto German Cardona, Cornel, Jan, Birkeland, Kare, Pinto, Miguel, Tirador, Louie, Olesinska-Mader, Martyna, Shestakova, Marina, Distiller, Larry, Lopez-Sendon, Jose, Eliasson, Bjorn, Chiang, Chern-En, Srimahachota, Suphot, Mankovsky, Bori, Bethel, M Angelyn, Dungan, Kathleen, Kosiborod, Mikhail, Alvarisqueta, Andre, Baldovino, Jorge, Besada, Diego, Calella, Pedro, Cantero, Maria Cecilia, Castaño, Patricia, Chertkoff, Alejandro, Cuadrado, Jesu, De Loredo, Lui, Dominguez, Andrea, Español, Maria Vanesa, Finkelstein, Hernan, Frechtel, Gustavo, Fretes, Jose, Garrido Santos, Natalia, Gonzalez, Joaquin, Litvak, Marco, Loureyro, Juan, Maffei, Laura, Maldonado, Natacha, Mohr Gasparini, Diego, Orio, Silvia, Perez Manghi, Federico, Rodriguez Papini, Nelson, Sala, Jorgelina, Schygiel, Pablo, Sposetti, Georgina, Ulla, Maria, Verra, Fernando, Zabalua, Silvina, Zaidman, Cesar, Crenier, Laurent, Debroye, Corinne, Duyck, Franci, Scheen, André, Van Gaal, Luc, Vercammen, Chri, Damyanova, Velichka, Dimitrov, Stefan, Kovacheva, Snezhina, Lozanov, Lachezar, Margaritov, Viktor, Mihaylova-Shumkova, Rositsa, Nikolaeva, Antoaneta, Stoyanova, Zhasmina, Akhras, Ronald, Beaudry, Yve, Bedard, Jacque, Berlingieri, Joseph, Chehayeb, Raja, Cheung, Stephen, Conway, Jame, Cusson, Jean, Della Siega, Anthony, Dumas, Richard, Dzongowski, Peter, Ferguson, Murdo, Gaudet, Daniel, Grondin, Francoi, Gupta, Anil, Gupta, Milan, Halperin, Frank, Houle, Pierre-Alain, Jones, Michael, Kouz, Simon, Kovacs, Christopher, Landry, Daniel, Lonn, Eva, O'Mahony, William, Peterson, Sean, Reich, Denni, Rosenbloom, Alan, St-Maurice, Francoi, Tugwell, Barna, Vizel, Saul, Woo, Vincent, Brychta, Toma, Cech, Vladimir, Dvorakova, Eva, Edelsberger, Toma, Halciakova, Katarina, Krizova, Jarmila, Lastuvka, Jiri, Piperek, Martin, Prymkova, Vera, Raclavska, Lea, Silhova, Elena, Urbanek, Robin, Vrkoc, Jan, Andersen, Ulla, Brønnum-Schou, Jen, Hove, Jen, Jensen, Jan Skov, Kober, Lar, Kristiansen, Ole Peter, Lund, Per, Melchior, Thoma, Nyvad, Ole, Schou, Morten, Boye, Alain, Cadinot, Didier, Gouet, Didier, Henry, Patrick, Kessler, Laurence, Lalau, Jean-Daniel, Petit, Catherine, Thuan, Jean-Francoi, Voinot, Christel, Vouillarmet, Julien, Axthelm, Christoph, Berger, Dirk, Bieler, Tasso, Birkenfeld, Andrea, Bott, Jochen, Busch, Klau, Caca, Karel, Chevts, Julia, Donaubauer, Torsten, Erlinger, Rudolf, Funke, Klau, Grosskopf, Josef, Hagenow, Andrea, Hamann, Monika, Hartard, Manfred, Heymer, Peter, Huppertz, Wolfgang, Illies, Gabriele, Jacob, Stephan, Jung, Thoma, Kahrmann, Gerd, Kast, Petra, Kellerer, Monika, Kempe, Hans-Peter, Khariouzov, Andrei, Klausmann, Gerhard, Klein, Christiane, Kleinecke-Pohl, Uwe, Kleinertz, Klau, Koch, Thorsten, Kosch, Christine, Lorra, Babette, Luedemann, Joerg, Luttermann, Matthia, Maxeiner, Stephan, Milek, Karsten, Moelle, Andrea, Neumann, Gerhard, Nischik, Ruth, Oehrig-Pohl, Edith, Plassmann, Georg, Pohlmeier, Lar, Proepper, Felix, Regner, Stefan, Rieker, Werner, Rose, Ludger, Samer, Holger, Sauter, Joachim, Schaper, Frank, Schiffer, Clemen, Schmidt, Juergen, Scholz, Bernd-M., Schulze, Joerg, Segner, Alexander, Seufert, Jochen, Sigal, Helena, Steindorf, Joerg, Stockhausen, Juergen, Stuebler, Petra, Taeschner, Heidrun, Tews, Dietrich, Tschoepe, Diethelm, Wilhelm, Karl, Zeller-Stefan, Helga, Avramidis, Iakovo, Bousboulas, Stavro, Bristianou, Magdalini, Dimitriadis, Georgio, Elisaf, Mose, Kotsa, Kalliopi, Melidonis, Andrea, Mitrakou, Asimina, Pagkalos, Emmanouil, Papanas, Nikolao, Pappas, Angelo, Sampanis, Christo, Tentolouris, Nikolao, Tsapas, Apostolo, Tzatzagou, Glykeria, Ozaki, Risa, Hajdú, Csaba, Harcsa, Eleonóra, Konyves, Laszlo, Mucsi, Jáno, Pauker, Zsolt, Petró, Gizella, Plés, Zsolt, Revesz, Katalin, Sándor, Vangel, Vass, Viktor, Avogaro, Angelo, Boemi, Massimo, Bonadonna, Riccardo, Consoli, Agostino, De Cosmo, Salvatore, Di Bartolo, Paolo, Dotta, Francesco, Frontoni, Simona, Galetta, Marianna, Gambineri, Alessandra, Gazzaruso, Carmine, Giorgino, Francesco, Lauro, Davide, Orsi, Emanuela, Paolisso, Giuseppe, Perriello, Gabriele, Piatti, Piermarco, Pontiroli, Antonio, Ponzani, Paola, Rivellese, Angela Albarosa, Sesti, Giorgio, Tonolo, Giancarlo, Trevisan, Roberto, Ahn, Chul Woo, Baik, Sei-Hyun, Cha, Bong-Soo, Chung, Choon-Hee, Jang, Hak Chul, Kim, Chong-Jin, Kim, Hye Soon, Kim, In Joo, Lee, Eun Young, Lee, Hyoung Woo, Lee, Kwan-Woo, Moon, Keon-Woong, Namgung, June, Park, Kyong Soo, Yoo, Soon Jib, Yu, Jaemyung, Llamas, Edmundo-Alfredo Bayram, Cervantes-Escárcega, Jose-Lui, Flota-Cervera, Luis Fernando, González-González, José Gerardo, Pascoe-Gonzalez, Sara, Pelayo-Orozco, Emilia Susana, Ramirez-Diaz, Santiago-Paulino, Saldana-Mendoza, Arturo, Jerjes-Díaz, Carlos Sánchez, Torres-Colores, Jose Juan, Vidrio-Velázquez, Maricela, Villagordoa-Mesa, Juan, Beijerbacht, Hugo Peter, Groutars, Reginald G. E. J., Hoek, Boudewijn A, Hoogslag, Pieter A. M., Kooy, Adriaan, Kragten, Johannes A., Lieverse, Aloysius G., Swart, Hendrik P., Viergever, Eric P., Ahlqvist, Jørn, Cooper, John, Gulseth, Hanne, Guttormsen, Gaute, Wium, Cecilie, Arbañil, Hugo, Calderon, Jorge, Camacho, Lui, Espinoza, Augusto Dextre, Garrido, Elizabeth, Luna, Alejandro, Manrique, Helard, Revoredo, Frederick Massucco, Gonzales, Rolando Varga, Rincon, Luis Zapata, Zubiate, Carlo, Ebo, Geraldine, Morales-Palomares, Ellen, Arciszewska, Malgorzata, Banach, Marek, Bijata-Bronisz, Renata, Derezinski, Tadeusz, Gadzinski, Waldemar, Gajek, Jacek, Klodawska, Katarzyna, Krzyzagorska, Ewa, Madej, Andrzej, Miekus, Pawel, Opiela, Jaroslaw, Romanczuk, Piotr, Siegel, Anna, Skokowska, Ewa, Stankiewicz, Andrzej, Stasinska, Teresa, Trznadel-Morawska, Iwona, Witek, Robert, Aksentyev, Sergey, Bondar, Irina, Demidova, Irina, Dreval, Alexander, Ershova, Olga, Galstyan, Gagik, Garganeeva, Alla, Izmozherova, Nadezhda, Karetnikova, Victoria, Kharakhulakh, Marina, Khokhlov, Aleksandr, Kobalava, Zhanna, Koshelskaya, Olga, Kosmacheva, Elena, Kostin, Vladimir, Koziolova, Natalia, Kuzin, Anatoly, Lesnov, Victor, Lysenko, Tatyana, Markov, Valentin, Mayorov, Alexander, Moiseev, Sergey, Myasoedova, Svetlana, Petunina, Nina, Rebrov, Andrey, Ruyatkina, Ludmila, Samoylova, Julia, Sazonova, Olga, Shilkina, Natalia, Sokolova, Nadezhda, Vasilevskaya, Olga, Verbovaya, Nelli, Vishneva, Elena, Vorobyev, Sergey, Vorokhobina, Natalya, Zanozina, Olga, Zhdanova, Elena, Zykova, Tatyana, Burgess, Lesley, Coetzee, Kathleen, Dawood, Saleem, Lombard, Landman, Makotoko, Ellen, Moodley, Rajendran, Oosthuysen, Wessel, Sarvan, Mohamed, Calvo Gómez, Carlo, Cano Rodríguez, Isidoro, Castro Conde, Almudena, Cequier Fillat, Angel, Cuatrecasas Cambra, Guillem, de Álvaro Moreno, Fernando, De Teresa Parreño, Lui, Delgado Lista, Javier, Domínguez Escribano, José Ramón, Durán García, Santiago, Elvira González, Javier, Fernández Rodríguez, José María, Goday Arno, Alberto, Gomez Huelgas, Ricardo, González Juanatey, José Ramón, Hernandez Mijares, Antonio, Jiménez Díaz, Víctor Alfonso, Jodar Gimeno, Esteban, Lucas Morante, Tomá, Marazuela, Monica, Martell Claros, Nieve, Mauricio Puente, Didac, Mena Ribas, Elena, Merino Torres, Juan Francisco, Mezquita Raya, Pedro, Nubiola Calonge, Andreu, Ordoñez Sánchez, Xavier, Pascual Izuel, Jose Maria, Perea Castilla, Verónica, Pérez Pérez, Antonio, Perez Soto, Isabel, Quesada Charneco, Miguel, Quesada Simón, Angustia, Redón Mas, Josep, Rego Iraeta, Antonia, Rodriguez Alvarez, Maria, Rodríguez Rodríguez, Irene, Sabán Ruiz, José, Soto González, Alfonso, Tinahones Madueno, Francisco, Trescoli Serrano, Carlo, Ulied Armiñana, Angel, Bachus, Erasmu, Berndtsson Blom, Katarina, Eliasson, Ken, Koskinen, Pekka, Larnefeldt, Han, Lif-Tiberg, Cornelia, Linderfalk, Carina, Lund, Gustav, Lundman, Pia, Moris, Linda, Olsson, Åke, Salmonsson, Staffan, Sanmartin Berglund, Johan, Sjöberg, Folke, Söderberg, Stefan, Torstensson, Ingemar, Chen, Jung-Fu, Tien, Kai Jen, Tseng, Shih-Ting, Tu, Shih-Te, Wang, Chih-Yuan, Wang, Ji-Hung, Phrommintikul, Arintaya, Yamwong, Sukit, Jintapakorn, Woravut, Hutayanon, Pisit, Sansanayudh, Nakarin, Bazhan, Larysa, Fushtey, Ivan, Grachova, Mariya, Katerenchuk, Vitaliy, Korpachev, Vadym, Kravchun, Nonna, Larin, Oleksandr, Mykhalchyshyn, Galyna, Myshanych, Halyna, Oleksyk, Olga, Orlenko, Valeriia, Pashkovska, Nataliia, Pertseva, Nataliia, Petrosyan, Olena, Smirnov, Ivan, Vlasenko, Maryna, Zlova, Tetiana, Aye, Myint, Baksi, Arun, Balasubramani, Mathangi, Beboso, Ronnie, Blagden, Mark, Bundy, Charle, Cookson, Tobia, Copland, Allan, Emslie-Smith, Alistair, Green, Fiona, Gunstone, Anthony, Issa, Basil, Jackson-Voyzey, Ewart, Johnson, Andrew, Maclean, Malcolm, Mcknight, John, Muzulu, Solomon, O'Connell, Ian, Oyesile, Babatunde, Patterson, Catherine, Pearson, Ewan, Philip, Sam, Smith, Paul, Sukumaran, Usha, Abbas, Jalal, Aggarwala, Gaurav, Akhter, Faiq, Andersen, Jame, Anglade, Moise, Argoud, George, Ariani, Mehrdad, Ashdji, Reswan, Bakhtari, Ladan, Banerjee, Subhash, Bartlett, Andrew, Baum, Howard, Bays, Harold, Beasley, Richard, Belfort de Aguiar, Renata, Benjamin, Sabrina, Bhagwat, Ravi, Bhargava, Anuj, Bode, Bruce, Bratcher, Christina, Briskin, Toby, Brockmyre, Andrew, Broughton, Raymond, Brown, Judith, Budhraja, Madhusudan, Cannon, Kevin, Carr, Jewell, Cathcart, Harold, Cavale, Arvind, Chaykin, Loui, Cheung, Deanna, Childress, Richard, Cohen, Allan, Condit, Jonathan, Cooksey, Erin, Cornett, George Mitchell, Dauber, Ira, Davila, William, De Armas, Lui, Dean, Juliu, Detweiler, Robert, Diaz, Ernesto, Di Giovanna, Michael, Dor, Isaac, Drummond, Waymon, Eagerton, Donald, Earl, John, Eaton, Charle, Ellison, Howard, Farris, Neil, Fiel, Thoma, Firek, Anthony, First, Brian, Forgosh, Le, French, William, Gandy, Winston, Garcia, Ronald, Gill, Santosh, Gordon, Murray, Guice, Michael, Gummadi, Siva, Hackenyos, Jonathan, Hairston, Kristen, Hanson, Lenita, Harrison, Lindsay, Hartman, Israel, Heitner, John, Hejeebu, Srini, Hermany, Paul, Hernandez-Cassis, Carlo, Hidalgo, Horacio, Higgins, Alexander, Ibrahim, Hassan, Jacobs, Shahram, Johnson, David, Joshi, Parag, Kaster, Steven, Kellum, Daniel, Kim, Christopher, Kim, Ellen, Kirby, William, Knouse, Albert, Kulback, Steven, Kumar, Mariananda, Kuruvanka, Tulsida, Labroo, Ajay, Lasswell, William, Lentz, John, Lenzmeier, Thoma, Lewis, David, Li, Zhaoping, Lillestol, Michael, Little, Raymond, Lorraine, Richard, McKeown-Biagas, Cecilia, Mcneill, Robert, Mehta, Anand, Miller, Alan, Moran, Joseph, Morawski, Emily, Nadar, Venkatesh, O'Connor, Thoma, Odio, Alberto, Parker, Reginald, Patel, Rajesh, Phillips, Lawrence, Raad, George, Rahman, Aref, Raikhel, Marina, Raisinghani, Ajit, Rajan, Raj, Rasouli, Neda, Rauzi, Frank, Rohr, Kathryn, Roseman, Hal, Rovner, Sergio, Saba, Fadi, Sachson, Richard, Schabauer, Alex, Schneider, Ricky, Schuchard, Timothy, Sensenbrenner, John, Shlesinger, Yshay, Singh, Narendra, Sivalingam, Kanagaratnam, Stonesifer, Larry, Storey, Daniel, Suh, David, Tahir, Mohammed, Tan, Anjanette, Tan, Marilyn, Taylon, Alain, Thakkar, Maitreya, Tripathy, Devjit, Uwaifo, Gabriel, Vedere, Amarnath, Venugopal, Chandra, Vo, Anthony, Welch, Michelle, Welker, Jame, White, Alexander, Willis, John, Wynne, Alan, Yazdani, Shahram, Rosenberg, Anne, Price, Lauren, Sigmon, Kristina, Lokhngina, Yuliya, Xing, Weibing, Overton, Robert, Stewart, Murray, Stead, Janet, Lindsay, Alistair, Patel, Vicka, Ross, Jorge, Soffer, Joseph, Daga, Shruti, Sowell, Margaret, Patel, Prashant, Garvey, Louisa, Ackert, Jessica, Abraham, Sybil, Sabol, Mary Beth, Altobelli, Desma, Ha, Juyoung, Kulkarni, Mangesh, Somerville, Matthew, Noronha, Drusilla, Casson, Ed, Zang, Eddie, Sandhu, Chamandeep, Kumar, Rakesh, Chen, David, Taft, Lin, Patel, Rajivkumar, Ye, June, Shannon, Jennifer, Wilson, Tim, Babi, Charleen, Miller, Diane, Thorpe, Karl, Russell, Rachael, Bull, Georgina, Hereghty, Belinda, Fernandez-Salazar, Eva, Longley, Troy, Donaldson, Jill, Jarosz, Marie, Murphy, Karen, Adams, Patricia, Smith, Peter, James, Rachel, Richards, Jackie, Sedani, Sangeeta, Althouse, Denise, Watson, David, Lorimer, Jamie, Lauder, Steven, Schultheis, Ron, Womer, Terese, Wraight, Ella, Li, Wenyan, Price-Olsen, Emma, Watson, Anthony, Kelly, Aoife, Mclaughlin, Patricia, Fleming, John, Schubert, Jessica, Schleiden, Debra, Harris, Tara, Prakash, Rahul, Breneman, Jody, Deshpande, Sameer, Saswadkar, Aarti, Kumari, Aditi, Shitut, Aditi, Raorane, Amruta, Karmalkar, Anisha, Mhambrey, Ankita, Bhosale, Archana, Vaphare, Ashok, Patil, Ashwini P, Khandelwal, Chaitali, Shaik, Fayaz, Nadar, Madhumitha, Karka, Mounika, Kadgaonkar, Neha, Gupta, Nikita, Aher, Nutan, Potnis, Omkar, Naicker, Pallavi, Shinde, Rakesh, Sharma, Richa, Godse, Rupali, Solanki, Sheetal, Sahu, Shruti, Dumbre, Snehal, Kumar, Somesh, Patil, Suradnya, Mandal, Trisha, McMurray, John J V, McMurray, John J.V., DeMets, David, McGuire, Darren, Groutars, Reginald G.E.J., Hoogslag, Pieter A.M., McKnight, John, McNeill, Robert, Ha, JuYoung, McLaughlin, Patricia, Hernandez, A. 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M., Holman, R., Demets, D., Riddle, M., Goodman, S., Mcguire, D., Alexander, K., Devore, A., Melloni, C., Patel, C., Kong, D., Bloomfield, G., Roe, M., Tricoci, P., Harrison, R., Lopes, R., Mathews, R., Mehta, R., Schuyler Jones, W., Vemulapalli, S., Povsic, T., Eapen, Z., Dombrowski, K., Kolls, B., Jordan, D., Ambrosy, A., Greene, S., Mandawat, A., Shavadia, J., Cooper, L., Sharma, A., Guimaraes, P., Friedman, D., Wilson, M., Endsley, P., Gentry, T., Collier, J., Perez, K., James, K., Roush, J., Pope, C., Howell, C., Johnson, M., Bailey, M., Cole, J., Akers, T., Vandyne, B., Thomas, B., Rich, J., Bartone, S., Beaulieu, G., Brown, K., Chau, T., Christian, T., Coker, R., Greene, D., Haddock, T., Jenkins, W., Haque, G., Marquess, M., Pesarchick, J., Rethaford, R., Stone, A., Al Kawas, F., Anderson, M., Enns, R., Sinay, I., Mathieu, C., Yordanov, V., Hramiak, I., Haluzik, M., Galatius, S., Guerci, B., Nauck, M., Migdalis, I., Tan, C. B. K., Kocsis, G., Giaccari, A., Lee, M. K., Munoz, E. G. C., Cornel, J., Birkeland, K., Pinto, M., Tirador, L., Olesinska-Mader, M., Shestakova, M., Distiller, L., Lopez-Sendon, J., Eliasson, B., Chiang, C. -E., Srimahachota, S., Mankovsky, B., Bethel, M. A., Dungan, K., Kosiborod, M., Alvarisqueta, A., Baldovino, J., Besada, D., Calella, P., Cantero, M. C., Castano, P., Chertkoff, A., Cuadrado, J., De Loredo, L., Dominguez, A., Espanol, M. V., Finkelstein, H., Frechtel, G., Fretes, J., Garrido Santos, N., Gonzalez, J., Litvak, M., Loureyro, J., Maffei, L., Maldonado, N., Mohr Gasparini, D., Orio, S., Perez Manghi, F., Rodriguez Papini, N., Sala, J., Schygiel, P., Sposetti, G., Ulla, M., Verra, F., Zabalua, S., Zaidman, C., Crenier, L., Debroye, C., Duyck, F., Scheen, A., Van Gaal, L., Vercammen, C., Damyanova, V., Dimitrov, S., Kovacheva, S., Lozanov, L., Margaritov, V., Mihaylova-Shumkova, R., Nikolaeva, A., Stoyanova, Z., Akhras, R., Beaudry, Y., Bedard, J., Berlingieri, J., Chehayeb, R., Cheung, S., Conway, J., Cusson, J., Della Siega, A., Dumas, R., Dzongowski, P., Ferguson, M., Gaudet, D., Grondin, F., Gupta, A., Gupta, M., Halperin, F., Houle, P. -A., Jones, M., Kouz, S., Kovacs, C., Landry, D., Lonn, E., O'Mahony, W., Peterson, S., Reich, D., Rosenbloom, A., St-Maurice, F., Tugwell, B., Vizel, S., Woo, V., Brychta, T., Cech, V., Dvorakova, E., Edelsberger, T., Halciakova, K., Krizova, J., Lastuvka, J., Piperek, M., Prymkova, V., Raclavska, L., Silhova, E., Urbanek, R., Vrkoc, J., Andersen, U., Bronnum-Schou, J., Hove, J., Jensen, J. 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Z., Zubiate, C., Ebo, G., Morales-Palomares, E., Arciszewska, M., Banach, M., Bijata-Bronisz, R., Derezinski, T., Gadzinski, W., Gajek, J., Klodawska, K., Krzyzagorska, E., Madej, A., Miekus, P., Opiela, J., Romanczuk, P., Siegel, A., Skokowska, E., Stankiewicz, A., Stasinska, T., Trznadel-Morawska, I., Witek, R., Aksentyev, S., Bondar, I., Demidova, I., Dreval, A., Ershova, O., Galstyan, G., Garganeeva, A., Izmozherova, N., Karetnikova, V., Kharakhulakh, M., Khokhlov, A., Kobalava, Z., Koshelskaya, O., Kosmacheva, E., Kostin, V., Koziolova, N., Kuzin, A., Lesnov, V., Lysenko, T., Markov, V., Mayorov, A., Moiseev, S., Myasoedova, S., Petunina, N., Rebrov, A., Ruyatkina, L., Samoylova, J., Sazonova, O., Shilkina, N., Sokolova, N., Vasilevskaya, O., Verbovaya, N., Vishneva, E., Vorobyev, S., Vorokhobina, N., Zanozina, O., Zhdanova, E., Zykova, T., Burgess, L., Coetzee, K., Dawood, S., Lombard, L., Makotoko, E., Moodley, R., Oosthuysen, W., Sarvan, M., Calvo Gomez, C., Cano Rodriguez, I., Castro Conde, A., Cequier Fillat, A., Cuatrecasas Cambra, G., de Alvaro Moreno, F., De Teresa Parreno, L., Delgado Lista, J., Dominguez Escribano, J. 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F, Scheen, A, Van Gaal, L, Vercammen, C, Damyanova, V, Dimitrov, S, Kovacheva, S, Lozanov, L, Margaritov, V, Mihaylova-Shumkova, R, Nikolaeva, A, Stoyanova, Z, Akhras, R, Beaudry, Y, Bedard, J, Berlingieri, J, Chehayeb, R, Cheung, S, Conway, J, Cusson, J, Della Siega, A, Dumas, R, Dzongowski, P, Ferguson, M, Gaudet, D, Grondin, F, Gupta, A, Gupta, M, Halperin, F, Houle, P, Jones, M, Kouz, S, Kovacs, C, Landry, D, Lonn, E, O'Mahony, W, Peterson, S, Reich, D, Rosenbloom, A, St-Maurice, F, Tugwell, B, Vizel, S, Woo, V, Brychta, T, Cech, V, Dvorakova, E, Edelsberger, T, Halciakova, K, Krizova, J, Lastuvka, J, Piperek, M, Prymkova, V, Raclavska, L, Silhova, E, Urbanek, R, Vrkoc, J, Andersen, U, Bronnum-Schou, J, Hove, J, Jensen, J, Kober, L, Kristiansen, O, Lund, P, Melchior, T, Nyvad, O, Schou, M, Boye, A, Cadinot, D, Gouet, D, Henry, P, Kessler, L, Lalau, J, Petit, C, Thuan, J, Voinot, C, Vouillarmet, J, Axthelm, C, Berger, D, Bieler, T, Birkenfeld, A, Bott, J, Busch, K, Caca, K, Chevts, J, Donaubauer, T, Erlinger, R, Funke, K, Grosskopf, J, Hagenow, A, Hamann, M, Hartard, M, Heymer, P, Huppertz, W, Illies, G, Jacob, S, Jung, T, Kahrmann, G, Kast, P, Kellerer, M, Kempe, H, Khariouzov, A, Klausmann, G, Klein, C, Kleinecke-Pohl, U, Kleinertz, K, Koch, T, Kosch, C, Lorra, B, Luedemann, J, Luttermann, M, Maxeiner, S, Milek, K, Moelle, A, Neumann, G, Nischik, R, Oehrig-Pohl, E, Plassmann, G, Pohlmeier, L, Proepper, F, Regner, S, Rieker, W, Rose, L, Samer, H, Sauter, J, Schaper, F, Schiffer, C, Schmidt, J, Scholz, B, Schulze, J, Segner, A, Seufert, J, Sigal, H, Steindorf, J, Stockhausen, J, Stuebler, P, Taeschner, H, Tews, D, Tschoepe, D, Wilhelm, K, Zeller-Stefan, H, Avramidis, I, Bousboulas, S, Bristianou, M, Dimitriadis, G, Elisaf, M, Kotsa, K, Melidonis, A, Mitrakou, A, Pagkalos, E, Papanas, N, Pappas, A, Sampanis, C, Tentolouris, N, Tsapas, A, Tzatzagou, G, Ozaki, R, Hajdu, C, Harcsa, E, Konyves, L, Mucsi, J, Pauker, Z, Petro, G, Ples, Z, Revesz, K, Sandor, V, Vass, V, Avogaro, A, Boemi, M, Bonadonna, R, Consoli, A, De Cosmo, S, Di Bartolo, P, Dotta, F, Frontoni, S, Galetta, M, Gambineri, A, Gazzaruso, C, Giorgino, F, Lauro, D, Orsi, E, Paolisso, G, Perriello, G, Piatti, P, Pontiroli, A, Ponzani, P, Rivellese, A, Sesti, G, Tonolo, G, Trevisan, R, Ahn, C, Baik, S, Cha, B, Chung, C, Jang, H, Kim, C, Kim, H, Kim, I, Lee, E, Lee, H, Lee, K, Moon, K, Namgung, J, Park, K, Yoo, S, Yu, J, Llamas, E, Cervantes-Escarcega, J, Flota-Cervera, L, Gonzalez-Gonzalez, J, Pascoe-Gonzalez, S, Pelayo-Orozco, E, Ramirez-Diaz, S, Saldana-Mendoza, A, Jerjes-Diaz, C, Torres-Colores, J, Vidrio-Velazquez, M, Villagordoa-Mesa, J, Beijerbacht, H, Groutars, R, Hoek, B, Hoogslag, P, Kooy, A, Kragten, J, Lieverse, A, Swart, H, Viergever, E, Ahlqvist, J, Cooper, J, Gulseth, H, Guttormsen, G, Wium, C, Arbanil, H, Calderon, J, Camacho, L, Espinoza, A, Garrido, E, Luna, A, Manrique, H, Revoredo, F, Gonzales, R, Rincon, L, Zubiate, C, Ebo, G, Morales-Palomares, E, Arciszewska, M, Banach, M, Bijata-Bronisz, R, Derezinski, T, Gadzinski, W, Gajek, J, Klodawska, K, Krzyzagorska, E, Madej, A, Miekus, P, Opiela, J, Romanczuk, P, Siegel, A, Skokowska, E, Stankiewicz, A, Stasinska, T, Trznadel-Morawska, I, Witek, R, Aksentyev, S, Bondar, I, Demidova, I, Dreval, A, Ershova, O, Galstyan, G, Garganeeva, A, Izmozherova, N, Karetnikova, V, Kharakhulakh, M, Khokhlov, A, Kobalava, Z, Koshelskaya, O, Kosmacheva, E, Kostin, V, Koziolova, N, Kuzin, A, Lesnov, V, Lysenko, T, Markov, V, Mayorov, A, Moiseev, S, Myasoedova, S, Petunina, N, Rebrov, A, Ruyatkina, L, Samoylova, J, Sazonova, O, Shilkina, N, Sokolova, N, Vasilevskaya, O, Verbovaya, N, Vishneva, E, Vorobyev, S, Vorokhobina, N, Zanozina, O, Zhdanova, E, Zykova, T, Burgess, L, Coetzee, K, Dawood, S, Lombard, L, Makotoko, E, Moodley, R, Oosthuysen, W, Sarvan, M, Calvo Gomez, C, Cano Rodriguez, I, Castro Conde, A, Cequier Fillat, A, Cuatrecasas Cambra, G, de Alvaro Moreno, F, De Teresa Parreno, L, Delgado Lista, J, Dominguez Escribano, J, Duran Garcia, S, Elvira Gonzalez, J, Fernandez Rodriguez, J, Goday Arno, A, Gomez Huelgas, R, Gonzalez Juanatey, J, Hernandez Mijares, A, Jimenez Diaz, V, Jodar Gimeno, E, Lucas Morante, T, Marazuela, M, Martell Claros, N, Mauricio Puente, D, Mena Ribas, E, Merino Torres, J, Mezquita Raya, P, Nubiola Calonge, A, Ordonez Sanchez, X, Pascual Izuel, J, Perea Castilla, V, Perez Perez, A, Perez Soto, I, Quesada Charneco, M, Quesada Simon, A, Redon Mas, J, Rego Iraeta, A, Rodriguez Alvarez, M, Rodriguez Rodriguez, I, Saban Ruiz, J, Soto Gonzalez, A, Tinahones Madueno, F, Trescoli Serrano, C, Ulied Arminana, A, Bachus, E, Berndtsson Blom, K, Eliasson, K, Koskinen, P, Larnefeldt, H, Lif-Tiberg, C, Linderfalk, C, Lund, G, Lundman, P, Moris, L, Olsson, A, Salmonsson, S, Sanmartin Berglund, J, Sjoberg, F, Soderberg, S, Torstensson, I, Chen, J, Tien, K, Tseng, S, Tu, S, Wang, C, Wang, J, Phrommintikul, A, Yamwong, S, Jintapakorn, W, Hutayanon, P, Sansanayudh, N, Bazhan, L, Fushtey, I, Grachova, M, Katerenchuk, V, Korpachev, V, Kravchun, N, Larin, O, Mykhalchyshyn, G, Myshanych, H, Oleksyk, O, Orlenko, V, Pashkovska, N, Pertseva, N, Petrosyan, O, Smirnov, I, Vlasenko, M, Zlova, T, Aye, M, Baksi, A, Balasubramani, M, Beboso, R, Blagden, M, Bundy, C, Cookson, T, Copland, A, Emslie-Smith, A, Green, F, Gunstone, A, Issa, B, Jackson-Voyzey, E, Johnson, A, Maclean, M, Mcknight, J, Muzulu, S, O'Connell, I, Oyesile, B, Patterson, C, Pearson, E, Philip, S, Smith, P, Sukumaran, U, Abbas, J, Aggarwala, G, Akhter, F, Andersen, J, Anglade, M, Argoud, G, Ariani, M, Ashdji, R, Bakhtari, L, Banerjee, S, Bartlett, A, Baum, H, Bays, H, Beasley, R, Belfort de Aguiar, R, Benjamin, S, Bhagwat, R, Bhargava, A, Bode, B, Bratcher, C, Briskin, T, Brockmyre, A, Broughton, R, Brown, J, Budhraja, M, Cannon, K, Carr, J, Cathcart, H, Cavale, A, Chaykin, L, Cheung, D, Childress, R, Cohen, A, Condit, J, Cooksey, E, Cornett, G, Dauber, I, Davila, W, De Armas, L, Dean, J, Detweiler, R, Diaz, E, Di Giovanna, M, Dor, I, Drummond, W, Eagerton, D, Earl, J, Eaton, C, Ellison, H, Farris, N, Fiel, T, Firek, A, First, B, Forgosh, L, French, W, Gandy, W, Garcia, R, Gill, S, Gordon, M, Guice, M, Gummadi, S, Hackenyos, J, Hairston, K, Hanson, L, Harrison, L, Hartman, I, Heitner, J, Hejeebu, S, Hermany, P, Hernandez-Cassis, C, Hidalgo, H, Higgins, A, Ibrahim, H, Jacobs, S, Johnson, D, Joshi, P, Kaster, S, Kellum, D, Kim, E, Kirby, W, Knouse, A, Kulback, S, Kumar, M, Kuruvanka, T, Labroo, A, Lasswell, W, Lentz, J, Lenzmeier, T, Lewis, D, Li, Z, Lillestol, M, Little, R, Lorraine, R, McKeown-Biagas, C, Mcneill, R, Mehta, A, Miller, A, Moran, J, Morawski, E, Nadar, V, O'Connor, T, Odio, A, Parker, R, Patel, R, Phillips, L, Raad, G, Rahman, A, Raikhel, M, Raisinghani, A, Rajan, R, Rasouli, N, Rauzi, F, Rohr, K, Roseman, H, Rovner, S, Saba, F, Sachson, R, Schabauer, A, Schneider, R, Schuchard, T, Sensenbrenner, J, Shlesinger, Y, Singh, N, Sivalingam, K, Stonesifer, L, Storey, D, Suh, D, Tahir, M, Tan, A, Tan, M, Taylon, A, Thakkar, M, Tripathy, D, Uwaifo, G, Vedere, A, Venugopal, C, Vo, A, Welch, M, Welker, J, White, A, Willis, J, Wynne, A, Yazdani, S, Price, L, Lokhngina, Y, Xing, W, Overton, R, Stewart, M, Stead, J, Lindsay, A, Patel, V, Ross, J, Soffer, J, Daga, S, Sowell, M, Patel, P, Garvey, L, Ackert, J, Abraham, S, Sabol, M, Altobelli, D, Ha, J, Kulkarni, M, Noronha, D, Casson, E, Zang, E, Sandhu, C, Kumar, R, Chen, D, Taft, L, Ye, J, Shannon, J, Wilson, T, Babi, C, Miller, D, Russell, R, Bull, G, Hereghty, B, Fernandez-Salazar, E, Longley, T, Donaldson, J, Jarosz, M, Murphy, K, Adams, P, James, R, Richards, J, Sedani, S, Althouse, D, Watson, D, Lorimer, J, Lauder, S, Schultheis, R, Womer, T, Wraight, E, Li, W, Price-Olsen, E, Watson, A, Kelly, A, Mclaughlin, P, Fleming, J, Schubert, J, Schleiden, D, Harris, T, Prakash, R, Breneman, J, Deshpande, S, Saswadkar, A, Kumari, A, Shitut, A, Raorane, A, Karmalkar, A, Mhambrey, A, Bhosale, A, Vaphare, A, Patil, A, Khandelwal, C, Shaik, F, Nadar, M, Karka, M, Kadgaonkar, N, Gupta, N, Aher, N, Potnis, O, Naicker, P, Shinde, R, Sharma, R, Godse, R, Solanki, S, Sahu, S, Dumbre, S, Kumar, S, Patil, S, and Mandal, T

Subjects
Male, Placebo-controlled study, Myocardial Infarction, alanine aminotransferase, albiglutide, bilirubin, placebo, antidiabetic agent, glucagon like peptide 1, rGLP-1 protein, Kaplan-Meier Estimate, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, law.invention, 0302 clinical medicine, Randomized controlled trial, law, Glucagon-Like Peptide 1, Cardiovascular Disease, Medicine(all), education.field_of_study, Subcutaneous, Medicine (all), albigutide, Hazard ratio, General Medicine, Middle Aged, Albiglutide, Stroke, Treatment Outcome, Tolerability, Cardiovascular Diseases, Female, type 2 diabetes, Type 2, Human, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Injections, Subcutaneous, Population, 030209 endocrinology & metabolism, Placebo, Injections, Subcutaneou, Drug Administration Schedule, Injections, 03 medical and health sciences, Double-Blind Method, Internal medicine, Diabetes Mellitus, medicine, Humans, Hypoglycemic Agents, education, Aged, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Hypoglycemic Agent, business.industry, Semaglutide, Settore MED/13 - ENDOCRINOLOGIA, Harmony, business
Abstract

Background: \ud Glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists differ in chemical structure, duration of action, and in their effects on clinical outcomes. The cardiovascular effects of once-weekly albiglutide in type 2 diabetes are unknown. We aimed to determine the safety and efficacy of albiglutide in preventing cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, or stroke.\ud \ud Methods: \ud We did a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial in 610 sites across 28 countries. We randomly assigned patients aged 40 years and older with type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease (at a 1:1 ratio) to groups that either received a subcutaneous injection of albiglutide (30–50 mg, based on glycaemic response and tolerability) or of a matched volume of placebo once a week, in addition to their standard care. Investigators used an interactive voice or web response system to obtain treatment assignment, and patients and all study investigators were masked to their treatment allocation. We hypothesised that albiglutide would be non-inferior to placebo for the primary outcome of the first occurrence of cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, or stroke, which was assessed in the intention-to-treat population. If non-inferiority was confirmed by an upper limit of the 95% CI for a hazard ratio of less than 1·30, closed testing for superiority was prespecified. This study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT02465515.\ud \ud Findings: \ud Patients were screened between July 1, 2015, and Nov 24, 2016. 10 793 patients were screened and 9463 participants were enrolled and randomly assigned to groups: 4731 patients were assigned to receive albiglutide and 4732 patients to receive placebo. On Nov 8, 2017, it was determined that 611 primary endpoints and a median follow-up of at least 1·5 years had accrued, and participants returned for a final visit and discontinuation from study treatment; the last patient visit was on March 12, 2018. These 9463 patients, the intention-to-treat population, were evaluated for a median duration of 1·6 years and were assessed for the primary outcome. The primary composite outcome occurred in 338 (7%) of 4731 patients at an incidence rate of 4·6 events per 100 person-years in the albiglutide group and in 428 (9%) of 4732 patients at an incidence rate of 5·9 events per 100 person-years in the placebo group (hazard ratio 0·78, 95% CI 0·68–0·90), which indicated that albiglutide was superior to placebo (p

Published
2018

17. Influence of dietary fat and carbohydrates proportions on plasma lipids, glucose control and low-grade inflammation in patients with type 2 diabetes—The TOSCA.IT Study

Author

Sebastiano Squatrito, Daniela Di Lauro, Massimo Boemi, Marcello Vitale, Veronica Montani, G. Citro, A. C. Babini, Annunziata Lapolla, L. Tonutti, A.A. Rivellese, Maria Masulli, Mauro Cignarelli, L. Corsi, Gabriele Riccardi, Carla Giordano, Massimo Cigolini, S. Del Prato, Giacomo Romano, Ornella Ciano, Olga Vaccaro, Raffaella Buzzetti, F. Romeo, Gennaro Clemente, Gabriele Perriello, Enzo Bonora, M. A. Dolci, Rossella Iannarelli, Riccardo Trevisan, L. Santarelli, Anna Amelia Turco, Sergio Leotta, C. Iovine, R. Schiano di Cola, Chiara Mazzucchelli, G. Di Cianni, Elisabetta Dall'Aglio, C. Zamboni, Vitale, M., Masulli, M., Rivellese, A., Babini, A., Boemi, M., Bonora, E., Buzzetti, R., Ciano, O., Cignarelli, M., Cigolini, M., Clemente, G., Citro, G., Corsi, L., Dall'Aglio, E., Del Prato, S., Di Cianni, G., Dolci, M., Giordano, C., Iannarelli, R., Iovine, C., Lapolla, A., Lauro, D., Leotta, S., Mazzucchelli, C., Montani, V., Perriello, G., Romano, G., Romeo, F., Santarelli, L., di Cola, R., Squatrito, S., Tonutti, L., Trevisan, R., Turco, A., Zamboni, C., Riccardi, G., Vaccaro, O., Vitale, Marilena, Masulli, Maria, Rivellese, ANGELA ALBAROSA, Babini, A. C, Boemi, M, Bonora, E, Buzzetti, R, Ciano, O, Cignarelli, M, Cigolini, M, Clemente, G, Citro, G, Corsi, L, Dall'Aglio, E, Del Prato, S, Di Cianni, G, Dolci, M. A, Giordano, C, Iannarelli, R, Iovine, Ciro, Lapolla, A, Lauro, D, Leotta, S, Mazzucchelli, C, Montani, V, Perriello, G, Romano, G, Romeo, F, Santarelli, L, di Cola, R. Schiano, Squatrito, S, Tonutti, L, Trevisan, R, Turco, ANNA AMELIA, Zamboni, C, Riccardi, Gabriele, Vaccaro, Olga, Vitale, M, Masulli, M, Rivellese, A, Babini, A, Dolci, M, Iovine, C, di Cola, R, Turco, A, Riccardi, G, and Vaccaro, O

Subjects
Blood Glucose, Dietary Fiber, Male, 0301 basic medicine, Glycated Hemoglobin A, Glucose control, Medicine (miscellaneous), Type 2 diabetes, Settore MED/13 - Endocrinologia, 0302 clinical medicine, Risk Factors, Surveys and Questionnaires, Dietary fat, fat, plsam lipids, low-grade inflammation, Nutritional guidelines, Nutrition and Dietetics, biology, Middle Aged, HDL-cholesterol, Cholesterol, C-Reactive Protein, Carbohydrates, diet, fat, Glucose control, HDL-cholesterol, Nutritional guidelines, Triglycerides, Type 2 diabetes, Carbohydrates, Diet, Fat, Triglycerides, Female, Dietary Proteins, Type 2, Dietary Carbohydrates, medicine.medical_specialty, HDL, 030209 endocrinology & metabolism, LDL, 03 medical and health sciences, Internal medicine, Plasma lipids, Diabetes Mellitus, medicine, Humans, In patient, Aged, Glycated Hemoglobin, Inflammation, 030109 nutrition & dietetics, business.industry, Cholesterol, HDL, C-reactive protein, Cholesterol, LDL, Anthropometry, medicine.disease, Dietary Fats, Endocrinology, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, biology.protein, Diet · Carbohydrates · Fat · Glucose control · HDL-cholesterol · Triglycerides · Type 2 diabetes · Nutritional guidelines, Energy Intake, business
Abstract

Purpose: The optimal macronutrient composition of the diet for the management of type 2 diabetes is debated, particularly with regard to the ideal proportion of fat and carbohydrates. The aim of the study was to explore the association of different proportions of fat and carbohydrates of the diet—within the ranges recommended by different guidelines—with metabolic risk factors. Methods: We studied 1785 people with type 2 diabetes, aged 50–75, enrolled in the TOSCA.IT Study. Dietary habits were assessed using a validated food-frequency questionnaire (EPIC). Anthropometry, fasting lipids, HbA1c and C-reactive protein (CRP) were measured. Results: Increasing fat intake from

Published
2015

18. Polyphenol-rich diets improve glucose metabolism in people at high cardiometabolic risk: a controlled randomised intervention trial

Author

Claudia Vetrani, Angela A. Rivellese, Andrea Tura, Giuseppina Costabile, A. Giacco, S. Cocozza, Gabriele Riccardi, Giovanni Pacini, Giovanni Annuzzi, Lutgarda Bozzetto, Marilena Vitale, E. Griffo, Giuseppe Della Pepa, Claudia De Natale, Bozzetto, Lutgarda, Annuzzi, Giovanni, Pacini, Giovanni, Costabile, Giuseppina, Vetrani, Claudia, Vitale, Marilena, Griffo, Ettore, Giacco, Angela, DE NATALE, Claudia, Cocozza, Sara, DELLA PEPA, Giuseppe, Tura, Andrea, Riccardi, Gabriele, and Rivellese, ANGELA ALBAROSA

Subjects
Adult, Blood Glucose, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Diabetes risk, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, medicine.medical_treatment, Insulin resistance, Metabolic Diseases, Glucagon-Like Peptide 1, Insulin-Secreting Cells, Internal medicine, Diabetes mellitus, Fatty Acids, Omega-3, Internal Medicine, Humans, Insulin, Medicine, Outpatient clinic, Obesity, polyphenols, glucose metabolism, Aged, Glucose tolerance test, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Polyphenols, Glucose Tolerance Test, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Diet, Glucose, Endocrinology, Postprandial, Cardiovascular Diseases, Patient Compliance, Female, Insulin Resistance, Waist Circumference, Metabolic syndrome, business
Abstract

Dietary polyphenols and long chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCn3) are associated with lower cardiovascular risk. This may relate to their influence on glucose metabolism and diabetes risk. We evaluated the effects of diets naturally rich in polyphenols and/or LCn3 of marine origin on glucose metabolism in people at high cardiometabolic risk. According to a 2 × 2 factorial design, individuals with high waist circumference and at least one more component of the metabolic syndrome were recruited at the obesity outpatient clinic. Eighty-six participants were randomly assigned by MINIM software to an isoenergetic diet: (1) control, low in LCn3 and polyphenol (analysed n = 20); (2) rich in LCn3 (n = 19); (3) rich in polyphenols (n = 19); or (4) rich in LCn3 and polyphenols (n = 19). The assigned diets were known for the participants and blinded for people doing measurements. Before and after the 8 week intervention, participants underwent a 3 h OGTT and a test meal with a similar composition as the assigned diet for the evaluation of plasma glucose, insulin and glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) concentrations, and indices of insulin sensitivity and beta cell function. During OGTT, polyphenols significantly reduced plasma glucose total AUC (p = 0.038) and increased early insulin secretion (p = 0.048), while LCn3 significantly reduced beta cell function (p = 0.031) (two-factor ANOVA). Moreover, polyphenols improved post-challenge oral glucose insulin sensitivity (OGIS; p = 0.05 vs control diet by post hoc ANOVA). At test meal, LCn3 significantly reduced GLP-1 total postprandial AUC (p

Published
2015

19. Glycaemic load versus carbohydrate counting for insulin bolus calculation in patients with type 1 diabetes on insulin pump

Author

Antonio Alderisio, A.A. Rivellese, A. Giacco, Lutgarda Bozzetto, Giovanni Annuzzi, Gabriele Riccardi, Marisa Giorgini, L. Costagliola, Bozzetto, Lutgarda, Giorgini, M, Alderisio, Antonio, Costagliola, Lucia, Giacco, Angela, Riccardi, Gabriele, Rivellese, ANGELA ALBAROSA, and Annuzzi, Giovanni

Subjects
Adult, Blood Glucose, Male, Insulin pump, medicine.medical_specialty, endocrine system diseases, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, medicine.medical_treatment, Pilot Projects, Continuous subcutaneous glucose monitoring, Glycaemic load, Carbohydrate counting, Insulin Infusion Systems, Endocrinology, Bolus (medicine), Diabetes mellitus, Internal medicine, Dietary Carbohydrates, Internal Medicine, medicine, Humans, Insulin, In patient, Dosing, Glycated Hemoglobin, Type 1 diabetes, Cross-Over Studies, business.industry, Glycemic Load, General Medicine, Middle Aged, Postprandial Period, medicine.disease, Hypoglycemia, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1, Glucose, Female, business, Prandial insulin
Abstract

To evaluate feasibility and effectiveness on short-term blood glucose control of using glycaemic load counting (GLC) versus carbohydrate counting (CC) for prandial insulin dosing in patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D).Nine T1D patients on insulin pump, aged 26-58 years, HbA1c 7.7 ± 0.8 % (61 ± 8.7 mmol/mol), participated in this real-life setting study. By a crossover design, patients were randomised to calculate their pre-meal insulin dose based on the insulin/glycaemic load ratio (GLC period) or the insulin/carbohydrate ratio (CC period) for 1 week, shifting to the alternate method for the next week, when participants duplicated their first week food plan. Over either week, a blind subcutaneous continuous glucose monitoring was performed, and a 7-day food record was filled in.Total daily insulin doses (45 ± 10 vs. 44 ± 9 I.U.; M ± SD, p = 0.386) and basal infusion (26 ± 7 vs. 26 ± 8 I.U., p = 0.516) were not different during GLC and CC periods, respectively. However, the range of insulin doses (difference between highest and lowest insulin dose) was wider during GLC, with statistical significance at dinner (8.4 ± 6.2 vs. 6.0 ± 3.9 I.U., p = 0.041). Blood glucose iAUC after lunch was lower, albeit not significantly, during GLC than CC period (0.6 ± 8.6 vs. 3.4 ± 8.2 mmol/l∙3 h, p = 0.059). Postprandial glucose variability, evaluated as the maximal amplitude after meal (highest minus lowest glucose value), was significantly lower during GLC than CC period at lunch (4.22 ± 0.28 vs. 5.47 ± 0.39 mmol/l, p = 0.002) and dinner (3.89 ± 0.33 vs. 4.89 ± 0.33, p = 0.026).Calculating prandial insulin bolus based on glycaemic load counting is feasible in a real-life setting and may improve postprandial glucose control in people with T1D.

Published
2015

20. Lixisenatide in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes and Acute Coronary Syndrome

Author

YAN CARLOS DUARTE VERA, Lars Kober, Thomas Pieber, Cafer Zorkun, Ponnusamy Saravanan, Cristian Podoleanu, Andrzej Lubiński, Aldo Pietro Maggioni, Francisco Marin, Yusuf Bozkuş, Martin Gibson, Bertrand Cariou, Anna Vittoria Ciardullo, Neslihan Bascil Tutuncu, Vladimir Rafalskiy, Vladimir Zadionchenko, John Mcmurray, Paramesh S, Fernando Lanas, Veronique Kerlan, Jose Sgarbi, Hertzel Gerstein, Fernando Manzur, SONIA GAZTAMBIDE, Alan Jaap, Pfeffer MA, Claggett B, Diaz R, Dickstein K, Gerstein HC, Køber LV, Lawson FC, Ping L, Wei X, Lewis EF, Maggioni AP, McMurray JJ, Probstfield JL, Riddle MC, Solomon SD, Tardif JC, ELIXA Investigators., Giordano, C., Pfeffer, Ma, Claggett, B, Diaz, R, Dickstein, K, Gerstein, Hc, Køber, Lv, Lawson, Fc, Ping, L, Wei, X, Lewis, Ef, Maggioni, Ap, Mcmurray, Jj, Probstfield, Jl, Riddle, Mc, Solomon, Sd, Tardif, Jc, Rivellese, ANGELA ALBAROSA, University of Zurich, and Pfeffer, Marc A

Subjects
Male, Myocardial Infarction, Kaplan-Meier Estimate, 2700 General Medicine, Type 2 diabetes, Angina, chemistry.chemical_compound, Treatment Failure, Myocardial infarction, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't, Hemoglobin A, General Medicine, Middle Aged, Multicenter Study, Cardiovascular Diseases, Randomized Controlled Trial, Cardiology, Female, lixisenatide, Type 2, medicine.medical_specialty, Acute coronary syndrome, Glycosylated, 610 Medicine & health, Unstable, Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor, 11171 Cardiocentro Ticino, Lixisenatide, Acute Coronary Syndrome, Aged, Angina, Unstable, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Hemoglobin A, Glycosylated, Humans, Hypoglycemic Agents, Peptides, Proportional Hazards Models, Internal medicine, Journal Article, Diabetes Mellitus, medicine, Unstable angina, business.industry, Semaglutide, ta3121, medicine.disease, chemistry, Myocardial infarction complications, business
Abstract

BACKGROUND: Cardiovascular morbidity and mortality are higher among patients with type 2 diabetes, particularly those with concomitant cardiovascular diseases, than in most other populations. We assessed the effects of lixisenatide, a glucagon-like peptide 1-receptor agonist, on cardiovascular outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes who had had a recent acute coronary event.METHODS: We randomly assigned patients with type 2 diabetes who had had a myocardial infarction or who had been hospitalized for unstable angina within the previous 180 days to receive lixisenatide or placebo in addition to locally determined standards of care. The trial was designed with adequate statistical power to assess whether lixisenatide was noninferior as well as superior to placebo, as defined by an upper boundary of the 95% confidence interval for the hazard ratio of less than 1.3 and 1.0, respectively, for the primary composite end point of cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, stroke, or hospitalization for unstable angina.RESULTS: The 6068 patients who underwent randomization were followed for a median of 25 months. A primary end-point event occurred in 406 patients (13.4%) in the lixisenatide group and in 399 (13.2%) in the placebo group (hazard ratio, 1.02; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.89 to 1.17), which showed the noninferiority of lixisenatide to placebo (PCONCLUSIONS: In patients with type 2 diabetes and a recent acute coronary syndrome, the addition of lixisenatide to usual care did not significantly alter the rate of major cardiovascular events or other serious adverse events. (Funded by Sanofi; ELIXA ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT01147250.).

Published
2015

21. Isocaloric Dietary Changes and Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in High Cardiometabolic Risk Individuals

Author

Angela A. Rivellese, Giovanni Annuzzi, Lombardi G, Della Pepa G, Claudia Vetrani, Lutgarda Bozzetto, Pepa, Giuseppe Della, Vetrani, Claudia, Lombardi, Gianluca, Bozzetto, Lutgarda, Annuzzi, Giovanni, and Rivellese, Angela Albarosa

Subjects
Cirrhosis, carbohydrates, Physiology, Type 2 diabetes, Review, Chronic liver disease, Recommended Dietary Allowances, chemistry.chemical_compound, Habits, 0302 clinical medicine, Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease, Risk Factors, chemistry.chemical_classification, Nutrition and Dietetics, Fatty liver, monounsaturated fatty acids, NASH, Prognosis, vitamins, Polyunsaturated fatty acid, Liver, Cardiovascular Diseases, 030211 gastroenterology & hepatology, Diet, Healthy, Nutritive Value, lcsh:Nutrition. Foods and food supply, polyunsaturated fatty acids, Polyphenol, medicine.medical_specialty, Carbohydrate, 030209 endocrinology & metabolism, lcsh:TX341-641, Biology, Risk Assessment, Vitamin, 03 medical and health sciences, Internal medicine, Diabetes mellitus, NAFLD, medicine, Humans, Obesity, Monounsaturated fatty acid, isocaloric dietary changes, polyphenols, Triglyceride, nutritional and metabolic diseases, Feeding Behavior, Protective Factors, medicine.disease, Lipid Metabolism, digestive system diseases, Endocrinology, chemistry, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Isocaloric dietary change, Steatohepatitis, Energy Intake, Food Science
Abstract

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) incorporates an extensive spectrum of histologic liver abnormalities, varying from simple triglyceride accumulation in hepatocytes non-alcoholic fatty liver (NAFL) to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), and it is the most frequent chronic liver disease in the industrialized world. Beyond liver related complications such as cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma, NAFLD is also an emerging risk factor for type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Currently, lifestyle intervention including strategies to reduce body weight and to increase regular physical activity represents the mainstay of NAFLD management. Total caloric intake plays a very important role in both the development and the treatment of NAFLD; however, apart from the caloric restriction alone, modifying the quality of the diet and modulating either the macro- or micronutrient composition can also markedly affect the clinical evolution of NAFLD, offering a more realistic and feasible treatment alternative. The aim of the present review is to summarize currently available evidence from randomized controlled trials on the effects of different nutrients including carbohydrates, lipids, protein and other dietary components, in isocaloric conditions, on NAFLD in people at high cardiometabolic risk. We also describe the plausible mechanisms by which different dietary components could modulate liver fat content.

Published
2017

22. Alirocumab for the treatment of hypercholesterolaemia

Author

Lutgarda Bozzetto, Giovanni Annuzzi, Giuseppe Della Pepa, Angela A. Rivellese, DELLA PEPA, Giuseppe, Bozzetto, Lutgarda, Annuzzi, Giovanni, and Rivellese, ANGELA ALBAROSA

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, KEYWORDS: Alirocumab, LDL-cholesterol, hypercholesterolaemia, PCSK9, monoclonal antibody, Pharmacological management, Hypercholesterolemia, Disease, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Pharmacology, Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized, Food and drug administration, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, medicine, Animals, Humans, Pharmacology (medical), 030212 general & internal medicine, Clinical efficacy, General Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics, Medical prescription, Intensive care medicine, Alirocumab, Secondary prevention, business.industry, PCSK9, Anticholesteremic Agents, PCSK9 Inhibitors, Antibodies, Monoclonal, General Medicine, Cholesterol, LDL, Cardiovascular Diseases, lipids (amino acids, peptides, and proteins), Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors, business
Abstract

Introduction: Prescription of statins for low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) reduction is the standard of care in primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease; nevertheless, a large number of patients treated with statins are unable to reach the recommended LDL-C targets. Therefore, there is need for safe and effective novel therapies for the pharmacological management of hypercholesterolaemia, in addition or as alternative to lipid-lowering therapies (LLT) currently in use. Areas covered: In 2015, the Food and Drug Administration and the European Medicines Agency approved alirocumab (Praluent®; Sanofi), a fully human monoclonal antibody against proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9), for the treatment of hypercholesterolaemic patients unable to meet LDL-C targets, as an adjunct to diet in addition/alternative to LLT. The authors review the pharmacological features, clinical efficacy, and safety of alirocumab in lowering LDL-C, and discuss its therapeutic perspectives based on the most recent clinical trials. Expert commentary: Alirocumab causes a marked reduction in LDL-C, presents good safety and tolerability, and represents a promising approach for LDL-C lowering, particularly in patients with intolerance to statin or elevated LDL-C despite maximal statin therapy; nevertheless, further long-term data on safety and efficacy are necessary, such as data on the improvement of cardiovascular outcomes.

Published
2017

23. Effects on the incidence of cardiovascular events of the addition of pioglitazone versus sulfonylureas in patients with type 2 diabetes inadequately controlled with metformin (TOSCA.IT): a randomised, multicentre trial

Author

Vaccaro, O, Masulli, M, Nicolucci, A, Bonora, E, Del Prato, S, Maggioni, Ap, Rivellese, Aa, Squatrito, S, Giorda, Cb, Sesti, G, Mocarelli, P, Lucisano, G, Sacco, M, Signorini, S, Cappellini, F, Perriello, G, Babini, Ac, Lapolla, A, Gregori, G, Giordano, C, Corsi, L, Buzzetti, R, Clemente, G, Di Cianni, G, Iannarelli, R, Cordera, R, La Macchia, O, Zamboni, C, Scaranna, C, Boemi, M, Iovine, C, Lauro, D, Leotta, S, Dall'Aglio, E, Cannarsa, E, Tonutti, L, Pugliese, G, Bossi, Ac, Anichini, R, Dotta, F, Di Benedetto, A, Citro, G, Antenucci, D, Ricci, L, Giorgino, F, Santini, C, Gnasso, A, De Cosmo, S, Zavaroni, D, Vedovato, M, Consoli, A, Calabrese, M, di Bartolo, P, Fornengo, P, Riccardi, G, IT) study group, Thiazolidinediones Or Sulfonylureas Cardiovascular Accidents Intervention Trial (TOSCA., Collaborators: Vaccaro O, Italian Diabetes Society., D'Angelo, F, Giansanti, R, Tanase, L, Lanari, L, Testa, I, Pancani, F, Ranchelli, A, Vagheggi, P, Scatona, A, Fontana, L, Laviola, L, Tarantino, L, Ippolito, C, Gigantelli, V, Manicone, M, Conte, E, Trevisan, R, Rota, R, Corsi, A, Dodesini, Ar, Reggiani, Gm, Montesi, L, Mazzella, N, Forlani, G, Caselli, C, Di Luzio, R, Mazzotti, A, Aiello, A, Barrea, A, Musto, A, D'Amico, F, Sinagra, T, Longhitano, S, Trowpea, V, Sparti, M, Italia, S, Lisi, E, Grasso, G, Pezzino, V, Insalaco, F, Carallo, C, Scicchitano, C, De Franceschi MS, Calbucci, G, Ripani, R, Cuneo, G, Corsi, S, Romeo, F, Lesina, A, Comoglio, M, Bonetto, C, Robusto, A, Nada, E, Asprino, V, Cetraro, R, Impieri, M, Lucchese, G, Donnarumma, G, Tizio, B, Lenza, L, Paraggio, P, Tomasi, F, Dozio, N, Scalambra, E, Mannucci, E, Lamanna, C, Cignarelli, M, Macchia, O, Fariello, S, Sorrentino, Mr, Franzetti, I, Radin, R, Annunziata, F, Bonabello, La, Durante, A, Dolcino, M, Gallo, F, Mazzucchelli, C, Aleo, A, Melga, P, Briatore, L, Maggi, D, Storace, D, Cecoli, F, D'Ugo, E, Pupillo, M, Baldassarre, Mpa, Salvati, F, Minnucci, A, De Luca, A, Zugaro, A, Santarelli, L, Bosco, A, Petrella, V, La Verghetta GG, De Gregorio, A, D'Andrea, S, Giuliani, Ae, Polidoro, Wl, Sperandio, A, Sciarretta, F, Pezzella, A, Carlone, A, Potenziani, S, Venditti, C, Foffi, C, Carbone, S, Cipolloni, L, Moretti, C, Leto, G, Serra, R, Petrachi, F, Romano, I, Lacaria, E, Russo, L, Goretti, C, Sannino, C, Dolci, M, Bruselli, L, Mori, Ml, Baccetti, F, Del Freo, M, Cucinotta, D, Giunta, L, Ruffo, Mc, Cannizzaro, D, Pintaudi, B, Perrone, G, Pata, P, Ragonese, F, Lettina, G, Mancuso, T, Coppolino, A, Piatti, Pm, Monti, L, Stuccillo, M, Lucotti, P, Setola, M, Crippa, Gv, Loi, C, Oldani, M, Bottalico, Ml, Pellegata, B, Bonomo, M, Menicatti, Lsm, Resi, V, Bertuzzi, F, Disoteo, Eo, Pizzi, G, Annuzzi, G, Capaldo, B, Nappo, R, Auciello, Sm, Turco, Aa, Costagliola, L, Corte, Gd, Vallefuoco, P, Nappi, F, Vitale, M, Cocozza, S, Ciano, O, Massimino, E, Garofalo, N, Avogaro, A, Guarneri, G, Fedele, D, Sartore, G, Chilelli, Nc, Burlina, S, Bonsembiante, B, Galluzzo, A, Torregrossa, V, Mancastroppa, G, Arsenio, L, Cioni, F, Caronna, S, Papi, M, Babini, M, Santeusanio, F, Calagreti, G, Timi, A, Tantucci, A, Marino, C, Ginestra, F, Di Biagio, R, Taraborelli, M, Miccoli, R, Bianchi, C, Garofolo, M, Politi, Ks, Penno, G, Livraga, S, Calzoni, F, Mancastroppa, Glf, Corsini, E, Tedeschi, A, Gaglianò, Ms, Ippolito, G, Salutini, E, Cervellino, F, Natale, M, Salvatore, V, Zampino, A, Sinisi, R, Arcangeli, A, Zogheri, A, Guizzotti, S, Longo, R, Di Bartolo, P, Pellicano, F, Scolozzi, P, Termine, S, Luberto, A, Ballardini, G, Trojani, C, Mazzuca, P, Bruglia, M, Ciamei, M, Genghini, S, Zannoni, C, Rangel, G, Salvi, L, Zappaterreno, A, Cordone, S, Simonelli, P, Meggiorini, M, Frasheri, A, Di Pippo, C, Maglio, C, Mazzitelli, G, Rinaldi, Me, Galli, A, Romano, M, D'Angelo, P, Suraci, C, Bacci, S, Palena, Ap, Genovese, S, Mancino, M, Rondinelli, M, Capone, F, Calabretto, E, Bulgheroni, M, Bucciarelli, L, Ceccarelli, E, Fondelli, C, Santacroce, C, Guarino, E, Nigi, L, Lalli, C, Di Vizia, G, Scarponi, M, Montani, V, Di Bernardino, P, Romagni, P, Dolcetti, K, Forte, E, Tamburo, L, Perin, Pc, Prinzis, T, Gruden, G, Bruno, G, Zucco, C, Perotta, M, Marena, S, Monsignore, S, Panero, F, Ponzi, F, Carpinteri, R, Casagrande, Ml, Coletti, Mf, Balini, A, Filopanti, M, Madaschi, S, Pulcina, A, Grimaldi, F, Venturini, G, Agus, S, Pagnutti, S, Guidotti, F, Cavarape, A, Cigolini, M, Pichiri, I, Brangani, C, Fainelli, G, Tomasetto, E, Zoppini, G, Galletti, A, Perrone, D, Capra, C, Bianchini, F, Ceseri, M, Di Nardo, B, Sasso, E, Bartolomei, B, Suliman, I, Fabbri, G, Romano, G, Maturo, N, Nunziata, G, Capobianco, G, De Simone, G, Villa, V, Rota, G, Pentangelo, C, Carbonara, O, Caiazzo, G, Cutolo, M, Sorrentino, T, Mastrilli, V, Amelia, U, Masi, S, Corigliano, G, Gaeta, I, Armentano, V, Calatola, P, Capuano, G, Angiulli, B, Auletta, P, Petraroli, E, Iodice, Ce, Agrusta, M., Vaccaro, Olga, Masulli, Maria, Nicolucci, Antonio, Bonora, Enzo, Del Prato, Stefano, Maggioni, Aldo P, Rivellese, Angela A, Squatrito, Sebastiano, Giorda, Carlo B, Sesti, Giorgio, Mocarelli, Paolo, Lucisano, Giuseppe, Sacco, Michele, Signorini, Stefano, Cappellini, Fabrizio, Perriello, Gabriele, Babini, Anna Carla, Lapolla, Annunziata, Gregori, Giovanna, Giordano, Carla, Corsi, Laura, Buzzetti, Raffaella, Clemente, Gennaro, Di Cianni, Graziano, Iannarelli, Rossella, Cordera, Renzo, La Macchia, Olga, Zamboni, Chiara, Scaranna, Cristiana, Boemi, Massimo, Iovine, Ciro, Lauro, Davide, Leotta, Sergio, Dall'Aglio, Elisabetta, Cannarsa, Emanuela, Tonutti, Laura, Pugliese, Giuseppe, Bossi, Antonio C, Anichini, Roberto, Dotta, Francesco, Di Benedetto, Antonino, Citro, Giuseppe, Antenucci, Daniela, Ricci, Lucia, Giorgino, Francesco, Santini, Costanza, Gnasso, Agostino, De Cosmo, Salvatore, Zavaroni, Donatella, Vedovato, Monica, Consoli, Agostino, Calabrese, Maria, Di Bartolo, Paolo, Fornengo, Paolo, Riccardi, Gabriele, Maggioni, Aldo Pietro, D'Angelo, Federica, Giansanti, Roberto, Tanase, Laura, Lanari, Luigi, Testa, Ivano, Pancani, Francesca, Ranchelli, Anna, Vagheggi, Paolo, Scatona, Alessia, Fontana, Lucia, Laviola, Luigi, Tarantino, Lucia, Ippolito, Claudia, Gigantelli, Vittoria, Manicone, Mariangela, Conte, Eleonora, Trevisan, Roberto, Rota, Rossella, Corsi, Anna, Dodesini, Alessandro R., Reggiani, Giulio Marchesini, Montesi, Luca, Mazzella, Natalia, Forlani, Gabriele, Caselli, Chiara, Di Luzio, Raffaella, Mazzotti, Arianna, Aiello, Antimo, Barrea, Angelina, Musto, Antonio, D'Amico, Fiorentina, Sinagra, Tiziana, Longhitano, Sara, Trowpea, Vanessa, Sparti, Maria, Italia, Salvatore, Lisi, Enrico, Grasso, Giuseppe, Pezzino, Vincenzo, Insalaco, Federica, Carallo, Claudio, Scicchitano, Caterina, De Franceschi, Maria Serena, Calbucci, Giovanni, Ripani, Raffaella, Cuneo, Giacomo, Corsi, Simona, Giorda, Carlo B., Romeo, Francesco, Lesina, Annalisa, Comoglio, Marco, Bonetto, Caterina, Robusto, Anna, Nada, Elisa, Asprino, Vincenzo, Cetraro, Rosa, Impieri, Michelina, Lucchese, Giuseppe, Donnarumma, Giovanna, Tizio, Biagio, Lenza, Lazzaro, Paraggio, Pia, Tomasi, Franco, Dozio, Nicoletta, Scalambra, Egle, Mannucci, Edoardo, Lamanna, Caterina, Cignarelli, Mauro, Macchia, Olga La, Fariello, Stefania, Sorrentino, Maria Rosaria, Franzetti, Ivano, Radin, Raffaella, Annunziata, Francesca, Bonabello, Laura Affinito, Durante, Arianna, Dolcino, Mara, Gallo, Fiorenza, Mazzucchelli, Chiara, Aleo, Anna, Melga, Pierluigi, Briatore, Lucia, Maggi, Davide, Storace, Daniela, Cecoli, Francesca, D'Ugo, Ercole, Pupillo, Mario, Baldassarre, Maria Pompea Antonia, Salvati, Filippo, Minnucci, Anita, De Luca, Angelo, Zugaro, Antonella, Santarelli, Livia, Bosco, Angela, Petrella, Vittorio, La Verghetta, Grazia Giovanna, De Gregorio, Antonella, D'Andrea, Settimio, Giuliani, Anna Elisa, Polidoro, W. Lorella, Sperandio, Alessandra, Sciarretta, Filomena, Pezzella, Alfonso, Carlone, Angela, Potenziani, Stella, Venditti, Chiara, Foffi, Chiara, Carbone, Salvatore, Cipolloni, Laura, Moretti, Chiara, Leto, Gaetano, Serra, Rosalia, Petrachi, Francesca, Romano, Isabella, Lacaria, Emilia, Russo, Laura, Goretti, Chiara, Sannino, Claudia, Dolci, Maria, Bruselli, Laura, Mori, Mary L., Baccetti, Fabio, Del Freo, Maria, Cucinotta, Domenico, Giunta, Loretta, Ruffo, Maria Concetta, Cannizzaro, Desiree, Pintaudi, Basilio, Perrone, Giovanni, Pata, Pietro, Ragonese, Francesco, Lettina, Gabriele, Mancuso, Teresa, Coppolino, Aldo, Piatti, Pier Marco, Monti, Lucilla, Stuccillo, Michela, Lucotti, Pietro, Setola, Manuela, Crippa, Giulia Valentina, Loi, Cinzia, Oldani, Matteo, Bottalico, Maria Luisa, Pellegata, Beatrice, Bonomo, Matteo, Menicatti, Laura Silvia Maria, Resi, Veronica, Bertuzzi, Federico, Disoteo, Eugenia Olga, Pizzi, Gianluigi, Rivellese, Angela Albarosa, Annuzzi, Giovanni, Capaldo, Brunella, Nappo, Rossella, Auciello, Stefania Michela, Turco, Anna Amelia, Costagliola, Lucia, Corte, Giuseppina Della, Vallefuoco, Pasquale, Nappi, Francesca, Vitale, Marilena, Cocozza, Sara, Ciano, Ornella, Massimino, Elena, Garofalo, Nadia, Avogaro, Angelo, Guarneri, Gabriella, Fedele, Domenico, Sartor, Giovanni, Chilelli, Nino Cristiano, Burlina, Silvia, Bonsembiante, Barbara, Galluzzo, Aldo, Torregrossa, Vittoria, Mancastroppa, Giovanni, Arsenio, Leone, Cioni, Federico, Caronna, Silvana, Papi, Matteo, Babini, Massimiliano, Santeusanio, Fausto, Calagreti, Gioia, Timi, Alessia, Tantucci, Alice, Marino, Cecilia, Ginestra, Federica, Di Biagio, Rosamaria, Taraborelli, Merilda, Miccoli, Roberto, Bianchi, Cristina, Garofolo, Monia, Politi, Konstantina Savina, Penno, Giuseppe, Livraga, Stefania, Calzoni, Fabio, Mancastroppa, Giovanni Luigi Francesco, Corsini, Elisa, Tedeschi, Anna, Gaglianã², Maria Sole, Ippolito, Giulio, Salutini, Elisabetta, Cervellino, Francesco, Natale, Maria, Salvatore, Vita, Zampino, Armando, Sinisi, Rosa, Arcangeli, Adolfo, Zogheri, Alessia, Guizzotti, Sandra, Longo, Rossella, Pellicano, Francesca, Scolozzi, Patrizia, Termine, Simona, Luberto, Alessandra, Ballardini, Giorgio, Trojani, Cristina, Mazzuca, Paolo, Bruglia, Matteo, Ciamei, Monica, Genghini, Silvia, Zannoni, Chiara, Vitale, Martina, Rangel, Graziela, Salvi, Laura, Zappaterreno, Alessandra, Cordone, Samantha, Simonelli, Paola, Meggiorini, Marilla, Frasheri, Aurora, Di Pippo, Clelia, Maglio, Cristina, Mazzitelli, Giulia, Rinaldi, Maria Elena, Galli, Angelica, Romano, Maria, D'Angelo, Paola, Suraci, Concetta, Bacci, Simonetta, Palena, Antonio Pio, Genovese, Stefano, Mancino, Monica, Rondinelli, Maurizio, Capone, Filippo, Calabretto, Elisabetta, Bulgheroni, Monica, Bucciarelli, Loredana, Ceccarelli, Elena, Fondelli, Cecilia, Santacroce, Clorinda, Guarino, Elisa, Nigi, Laura, Lalli, Carlo, Di Vizia, Giovanni, Scarponi, Maura, Montani, Valeria, Di Bernardino, Paolo, Romagni, Paola, Dolcetti, Katia, Forte, Elisa, Tamburo, Lucilla, Perin, Paolo Cavallo, Prinzis, Tania, Gruden, Gabriella, Bruno, Graziella, Zucco, Chiara, Perotta, Massimo, Marena, Saverio, Monsignore, Simona, Panero, Francesco, Ponzi, Fulvia, Bossi, Antonio Carlo, Carpinteri, Rita, Casagrande, Maria Linda, Coletti, Maria Francesca, Balini, Annalisa, Filopanti, Marcello, Madaschi, Sara, Pulcina, Anna, Grimaldi, Franco, Venturini, Giorgio, Agus, Sandra, Pagnutti, Stefania, Guidotti, Francesca, Cavarape, Alessandro, Cigolini, Massimo, Pichiri, Isabella, Brangani, Corinna, Fainelli, Giulia, Tomasetto, Elena, Zoppini, Giacomo, Galletti, Anna, Perrone, Dominica, Capra, Claudio, Bianchini, Francesca, Ceseri, Martina, Di Nardo, Barbara, Sasso, Elisa, Bartolomei, Barbara, Suliman, Irina, Fabbri, Gianna, Romano, Geremia, Maturo, Nicola, Nunziata, Giuseppe, Capobianco, Giuseppe, De Simone, Giuseppina, Villa, Valeria, Rota, Giuseppe, Pentangelo, Carmine, Carbonara, Ornella, Caiazzo, Gennaro, Cutolo, Michele, Sorrentino, Tommasina, Mastrilli, Valeria, Amelia, Umberto, Masi, Stefano, Corigliano, Gerardo, Gaeta, Iole, Armentano, Vincenzo, Calatola, Pasqualino, Capuano, Gelsomina, Angiulli, Bruno, Auletta, Pasquale, Petraroli, Ettore, Iodice, Cinzia E., Agrusta, Mariano, Vaccaro, O, Masulli, M, Nicolucci, A, Bonora, E, Del Prato, S, Maggioni, A, Rivellese, A, Squatrito, S, Giorda, C, Sesti, G, Mocarelli, P, Lucisano, G, Sacco, M, Signorini, S, Cappellini, F, Perriello, G, Babini, A, Lapolla, A, Gregori, G, Giordano, C, Corsi, L, Buzzetti, R, Clemente, G, Di Cianni, G, Iannarelli, R, Cordera, R, La Macchia, O, Zamboni, C, Scaranna, C, Boemi, M, Iovine, C, Lauro, D, Leotta, S, Dall'Aglio, E, Cannarsa, E, Tonutti, L, Pugliese, G, Bossi, A, Anichini, R, Dotta, F, Di Benedetto, A, Citro, G, Antenucci, D, Ricci, L, Giorgino, F, Santini, C, Gnasso, A, De Cosmo, S, Zavaroni, D, Vedovato, M, Consoli, A, Calabrese, M, di Bartolo, P, Fornengo, P, Riccardi, G, D'Angelo, F, Giansanti, R, Tanase, L, Lanari, L, Testa, I, Pancani, F, Ranchelli, A, Vagheggi, P, Scatona, A, Fontana, L, Laviola, L, Tarantino, L, Ippolito, C, Gigantelli, V, Manicone, M, Conte, E, Trevisan, R, Rota, R, Dodesini, A, Reggiani, G, Montesi, L, Mazzella, N, Forlani, G, Caselli, C, Di Luzio, R, Mazzotti, A, Aiello, A, Barrea, A, Musto, A, D'Amico, F, Sinagra, T, Longhitano, S, Trowpea, V, Sparti, M, Italia, S, Lisi, E, Grasso, G, Pezzino, V, Insalaco, F, Carallo, C, Scicchitano, C, De Franceschi, M, Calbucci, G, Ripani, R, Cuneo, G, Corsi, S, Romeo, F, Lesina, A, Comoglio, M, Bonetto, C, Robusto, A, Nada, E, Asprino, V, Cetraro, R, Impieri, M, Lucchese, G, Donnarumma, G, Tizio, B, Lenza, L, Paraggio, P, Tomasi, F, Dozio, N, Scalambra, E, Mannucci, E, Lamanna, C, Cignarelli, M, Macchia, O, Fariello, S, Sorrentino, M, Franzetti, I, Radin, R, Annunziata, F, Bonabello, L, Durante, A, Dolcino, M, Gallo, F, Mazzucchelli, C, Aleo, A, Melga, P, Briatore, L, Maggi, D, Storace, D, Cecoli, F, D'Ugo, E, Pupillo, M, Baldassarre, M, Salvati, F, Minnucci, A, De Luca, A, Zugaro, A, Santarelli, L, Bosco, A, Petrella, V, La Verghetta, G, D'Andrea, S, Giuliani, A, Polidoro, W, Sperandio, A, Sciarretta, F, Pezzella, A, Carlone, A, Potenziani, S, Venditti, C, Foffi, C, Carbone, S, Cipolloni, L, Moretti, C, Leto, G, Serra, R, Petrachi, F, Romano, I, Lacaria, E, Russo, L, Goretti, C, Sannino, C, Dolci, M, Bruselli, L, Mori, M, Baccetti, F, Del Freo, M, Cucinotta, D, Giunta, L, Ruffo, M, Cannizzaro, D, Pintaudi, B, Perrone, G, Pata, P, Ragonese, F, Lettina, G, Mancuso, T, Coppolino, A, Piatti, P, Monti, L, Stuccillo, M, Lucotti, P, Setola, M, Crippa, G, Loi, C, Oldani, M, Bottalico, M, Pellegata, B, Bonomo, M, Menicatti, L, Resi, V, Bertuzzi, F, Disoteo, E, Pizzi, G, Annuzzi, G, Capaldo, B, Nappo, R, Auciello, S, Turco, A, Costagliola, L, Corte, G, Vallefuoco, P, Nappi, F, Vitale, M, Cocozza, S, Ciano, O, Massimino, E, Garofalo, N, Avogaro, A, Guarneri, G, Fedele, D, Sartore, G, Chilelli, N, Burlina, S, Bonsembiante, B, Galluzzo, A, Torregrossa, V, Mancastroppa, G, Arsenio, L, Cioni, F, Caronna, S, Papi, M, Santeusanio, F, Calagreti, G, Timi, A, Tantucci, A, Marino, C, Ginestra, F, Di Biagio, R, Taraborelli, M, Miccoli, R, Bianchi, C, Garofolo, M, Politi, K, Penno, G, Livraga, S, Calzoni, F, Corsini, E, Tedeschi, A, Gagliano, M, Ippolito, G, Salutini, E, Cervellino, F, Natale, M, Salvatore, V, Zampino, A, Sinisi, R, Arcangeli, A, Zogheri, A, Guizzotti, S, Longo, R, Pellicano, F, Scolozzi, P, Termine, S, Luberto, A, Ballardini, G, Trojani, C, Mazzuca, P, Bruglia, M, Ciamei, M, Genghini, S, Zannoni, C, Rangel, G, Salvi, L, Zappaterreno, A, Cordone, S, Simonelli, P, Meggiorini, M, Frasheri, A, Di Pippo, C, Maglio, C, Mazzitelli, G, Rinaldi, M, Galli, A, Romano, M, D'Angelo, P, Suraci, C, Bacci, S, Palena, A, Genovese, S, Mancino, M, Rondinelli, M, Capone, F, Calabretto, E, Bulgheroni, M, Bucciarelli, L, Ceccarelli, E, Fondelli, C, Santacroce, C, Guarino, E, Nigi, L, Lalli, C, Di Vizia, G, Scarponi, M, Montani, V, Di Bernardino, P, Romagni, P, Dolcetti, K, Forte, E, Tamburo, L, Perin, P, Prinzis, T, Gruden, G, Bruno, G, Zucco, C, Perotta, M, Marena, S, Monsignore, S, Panero, F, Ponzi, F, Carpinteri, R, Casagrande, M, Coletti, M, Balini, A, Filopanti, M, Madaschi, S, Pulcina, A, Grimaldi, F, Venturini, G, Agus, S, Pagnutti, S, Guidotti, F, Cavarape, A, Cigolini, M, Pichiri, I, Brangani, C, Fainelli, G, Tomasetto, E, Zoppini, G, Galletti, A, Perrone, D, Capra, C, Bianchini, F, Ceseri, M, Di Nardo, B, Sasso, E, Bartolomei, B, Suliman, I, Fabbri, G, Romano, G, Maturo, N, Nunziata, G, Capobianco, G, De Simone, G, Villa, V, Rota, G, Pentangelo, C, Carbonara, O, Caiazzo, G, Cutolo, M, Sorrentino, T, Mastrilli, V, Amelia, U, Masi, S, Corigliano, G, Gaeta, I, Armentano, V, Calatola, P, Capuano, G, Angiulli, B, Auletta, P, Petraroli, E, Iodice, C, Agrusta, M, di Bartolo, Paolo, Polidoro, w Lorella, Sartore, Giovanni, and Gaglianò, Maria Sole

Subjects
Male, Diabetes and Metabolism, ipoglycemic drugs, cardiovascualr event, Settore MED/09 - Medicina Interna, endocrine system diseases, IMPACT, pioglitazone versus sulfonylureas, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, GLIMEPIRIDE, Diabetes, cardiovascular events, metformin, pioglitazone, sulphonylureas, Type 2 diabetes, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Internal Medicine, Endocrinology, law.invention, Settore MED/13 - Endocrinologia, Glibenclamide, 0302 clinical medicine, Randomized controlled trial, law, GLYCEMIC CONTROL, Gliclazide, Internal medicine, diabetes and metabolism, RISK, education.field_of_study, diabetes, Incidence, endocrinology, diabetes and metabolism, endocrinology, Middle Aged, INSULIN, Metformin, Treatment Outcome, Editorial, sulphonylureas, Cardiovascular Diseases, Combination, Drug Therapy, Combination, Female, Type 2, medicine.drug, medicine.medical_specialty, Population, 030209 endocrinology & metabolism, Aged, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Humans, Hypoglycemic Agents, Pioglitazone, Sulfonylurea Compounds, Thiazolidinediones, Cardiovascular events, 03 medical and health sciences, GLUCOSE-LOWERING DRUGS, Drug Therapy, Diabetes Mellitus, medicine, sulfonylureas, education, TOSCA.IT, business.industry, MORTALITY, nutritional and metabolic diseases, Insulin resistance, medicine.disease, Surgery, Glimepiride, business, FOLLOW-UP
Abstract

Background The best treatment option for patients with type 2 diabetes in whom treatment with metformin alone fails to achieve adequate glycaemic control is debated. We aimed to compare the long-term effects of pioglitazone versus sulfonylureas, given in addition to metformin, on cardiovascular events in patients with type 2 diabetes. Methods TOSCA.IT was a multicentre, randomised, pragmatic clinical trial, in which patients aged 50–75 years with type 2 diabetes inadequately controlled with metformin monotherapy (2–3 g per day) were recruited from 57 diabetes clinics in Italy. Patients were randomly assigned (1:1), by permuted blocks randomisation (block size 10), stratified by site and previous cardiovascular events, to add-on pioglitazone (15–45 mg) or a sulfonylurea (5–15 mg glibenclamide, 2–6 mg glimepiride, or 30–120 mg gliclazide, in accordance with local practice). The trial was unblinded, but event adjudicators were unaware of treatment assignment. The primary outcome, assessed with a Cox proportional-hazards model, was a composite of first occurrence of all-cause death, non-fatal myocardial infarction, non-fatal stroke, or urgent coronary revascularisation, assessed in the modified intention-to-treat population (all randomly assigned participants with baseline data available and without any protocol violations in relation to inclusion or exclusion criteria). This study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT00700856. Findings Between Sept 18, 2008, and Jan 15, 2014, 3028 patients were randomly assigned and included in the analyses. 1535 were assigned to pioglitazone and 1493 to sulfonylureas (glibenclamide 24 [2%], glimepiride 723 [48%], gliclazide 745 [50%]). At baseline, 335 (11%) participants had a previous cardiovascular event. The study was stopped early on the basis of a futility analysis after a median follow-up of 57·3 months. The primary outcome occurred in 105 patients (1·5 per 100 person-years) who were given pioglitazone and 108 (1·5 per 100 person-years) who were given sulfonylureas (hazard ratio 0·96, 95% CI 0·74–1·26, p=0·79). Fewer patients had hypoglycaemias in the pioglitazone group than in the sulfonylureas group (148 [10%] vs 508 [34%], p

Published
2017

24. Test meals rich in marine long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids increase postprandial chylomicron response

Author

E. Griffo, Gabriele Riccardi, Anna Mangione, Paola Cipriano, S. Cocozza, L. Di Marino, Lutgarda Bozzetto, Lidia Patti, Angela A. Rivellese, G. Della Pepa, Giovanni Annuzzi, Griffo, Ettore, Di Marino, L, Patti, Lidia, Bozzetto, Lutgarda, Annuzzi, Giovanni, Cipriano, Paola, Mangione, Anna, DELLA PEPA, Giuseppe, Cocozza, Sara, Riccardi, Gabriele, and Rivellese, ANGELA ALBAROSA

Subjects
Polyphenol, Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Very low-density lipoprotein, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Triglyceride, Chylomicron, chemistry.chemical_compound, Endocrinology, Glucagon-Like Peptide 1, Internal medicine, Chylomicrons, Fatty Acids, Omega-3, medicine, Humans, High-risk subject, Meal, Meals, Dietary Fat, Triglycerides, Aged, chemistry.chemical_classification, Nutrition and Dietetics, Chemistry, Cholesterol, Polyphenols, food and beverages, Fatty acid, Middle Aged, Postprandial Period, Dietary Fats, Eicosapentaenoic acid, Long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid, Diet, Postprandial, Postprandial lipid response, Female, lipids (amino acids, peptides, and proteins), GLP-1, Apolipoprotein B-48, Human, Polyunsaturated fatty acid
Abstract

Postprandial lipid abnormalities are considered an independent cardiovascular risk factor. Hence, it is important to find nutritional strategies that are able to positively influence these abnormalities. Since the effect of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) and polyphenols on postprandial lipids in humans is still under debate, we evaluated the acute response of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins to test meals that are naturally rich in polyphenols and/or marine long-chain (LC) n-3 PUFAs. We hypothesized that LC n-3 PUFA would have a different effect on chylomicron and very low density lipoproteins when compared with polyphenols or their combination. We randomly assigned 78 individuals who were at high cardiometabolic risk to 4 isoenergetic diets. These diets only differed in amount of LC n-3 PUFA and/or polyphenols. Prior to starting the intervention, each subject underwent a test meal similar to the type of diet assigned: low in LC n-3 PUFA and polyphenols (control), rich in LC n-3 PUFA and low in polyphenols, rich in polyphenols and low in LC n-3 PUFA, or rich in both. Blood samples were taken before and up to 6 hours after the test meal in order to evaluate cholesterol and triglycerides (plasma and triglyceride-rich lipoprotein), apolipoprotein B-48 (large very low density lipoprotein), glucagon-like peptide-1, and free fatty acid plasma levels. The levels of chylomicron cholesterol and triglyceride in response to the test meal rich in LC n-3 PUFA were significantly higher than after the control meal (P = .037 and P = .018); there was no difference in the other variables. In conclusion, this study indicates that acute administration of marine LC n-3 PUFA increases postprandial chylomicron response in contrast with their lowering chronic effects. These differences underline the importance of understanding the acute and chronic effects of nutritional, as well as of other types of, interventions.

Published
2014

25. The results of Look AHEAD do not row against the implementation of lifestyle changes in patients with type 2 diabetes

Author

A.A. Rivellese, Lutgarda Bozzetto, Gabriele Riccardi, Giovanni Annuzzi, Annuzzi, Giovanni, Rivellese, ANGELA ALBAROSA, Bozzetto, Lutgarda, and Riccardi, Gabriele

Subjects
Blood Glucose, Gerontology, Calorie, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Medicine (miscellaneous), Physical exercise, Type 2 diabetes, Motor Activity, Overweight, Quality of life, Risk Factors, Weight loss, Diabetes mellitus, Weight Loss, medicine, Humans, Insulin, Obesity, Life Style, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Nutrition and Dietetics, business.industry, Cholesterol, LDL, medicine.disease, Orlistat, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Cardiovascular Diseases, medicine.symptom, Energy Intake, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business, Follow-Up Studies, medicine.drug
Abstract

The Look AHEAD trial, evaluating the effects of weight loss on cardiovascular (CV) morbidity and mortality in overweight/obese people with type 2 diabetes (T2D), was interrupted after a median 9.5-year follow-up because the incidence of CV events was not different between the Intensive Lifestyle Intervention (ILI) and the control groups, and unlikely to statistically change thereafter. This made health providers and patients wondering about clinical value of diet and physical exercise in diabetic patients. Many factors may have made difficult to ascertain benefits of lifestyle intervention, besides the lower than predicted CV event rates. Among others, LDL-cholesterol was lowered more, with a higher use of statins, in the control group. Anyhow, ILI significantly improved numerous health conditions, including quality of life, CV risk factors and blood glucose control, with more diabetes remissions and less use of insulin. The intervention aimed at weight loss by reducing fat calories, and using meal replacements and, eventually, orlistat, likely underemphasizing dietary composition. There is suggestive evidence, in fact, that qualitative changes in dietary composition aiming at higher consumption of foods rich in fiber and with a high vegetable/animal fat ratio favorably influence CV risk in T2D patients. In conclusion, the Look AHEAD showed substantial health benefits of lifestyle modifications. Prevention of CV events may need higher attention to dietary composition, contributing to stricter control of CV risk factors. As a better health-related quality of life in people with diabetes is an important driver of our clinical decisions, efforts on early implementation of behavioral changes through a multifactorial approach are strongly justified.

Published
2014

26. Women show worse control of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease risk factors than men: Results from the MIND.IT Study Group of the Italian Society of Diabetology

Author

Olga Vaccaro, Diego Ardigò, Mariella Trovati, A.A. Rivellese, L. Franzini, Roberto Miccoli, Ivana Zavaroni, Franco Cavalot, Franzini, L, Ardigò, D, Cavalot, F, Miccoli, R, Rivellese, ANGELA ALBAROSA, Trovati, M, Zavaroni, I, and Vaccaro, Olga

Subjects
Blood Glucose, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Cross-sectional study, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Type 2 diabetes, Gender, Women, Cardiovascular risk factors, CVD primary prevention, Medicine (miscellaneous), Blood Pressure, Type 2 diabetes, Body Mass Index, Sex Factors, cardiovascular disease, Risk Factors, Internal medicine, Diabetes mellitus, Prevalence, medicine, Humans, Insulin, Women, Obesity, Cardiovascular risk factors, Antihypertensive Agents, Aged, type 2 diabetes, MIND.IT study, Nutrition and Dietetics, business.industry, Cholesterol, HDL, Gender, Diabetology, Cholesterol, LDL, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, CVD primary prevention, Cross-Sectional Studies, Blood pressure, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Italy, Cardiovascular Diseases, Hyperglycemia, Disease risk, Physical therapy, Female, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business, Body mass index
Abstract

The study explores the degree of control of hyperglycaemia and cardiovascular (CV) disease risk factors in men and women with type 2 diabetes and the impact thereon of obesity, central adiposity, age and use of medications.A cross-sectional survey was conducted at 10 hospital-based outpatients diabetes clinics. 1297 men and 1168 women with no previous CV events were studied. Women were slightly (only one year) older and more obese than men: average BMI was respectively 30.7 ± 5.7 vs 28.6 ± 4.1 kg/m(2) (p0.001), and prevalence of abdominal obesity was 86% vs 44% (p0.001). Women smoked less, but had higher HbA1c, LDL cholesterol, non-HDL cholesterol, systolic blood pressure and serum fibrinogen than men. Accordingly optimal targets for HbA1c (7%), LDL cholesterol (100 mg/dL), HDL cholesterol (40 for men,50 for women, mg/dL), and systolic blood pressure (130 mmHg) were less frequently achieved by women than men (respectively 33.8% vs 40.2%; 14.6% vs 19.2%; 34.1% vs 44.5%; 68.8% vs 72%; p0.05 for all). Findings were confirmed after stratification for waist circumference (or ≥ 88 cm for women;or ≥ 102 cm for men), BMI (or ≥ 25 kg/m(2)) or age (or ≥ 65 years). As for treatment, women were more likely than men to take insulin, alone or in combination with oral hypoglycaemic drugs, to be under anti-hypertensive treatment, whereas the use of lipid lowering drugs was similar in men and women.Control of hyperglycaemia and major CVD risk factors is less satisfactory in women than men. The gender disparities are not fully explained by the higher prevalence of total and central obesity in women; or by a less intensive medical management in women.

Published
2013

27. How Well Can We Control Dyslipidemias Through Lifestyle Modifications?

Author

Angela A. Rivellese, Gabriele Riccardi, Giuseppina Costabile, Olga Vaccaro, Riccardi, Gabriele, Vaccaro, Olga, Costabile, Giuseppina, and Rivellese, ANGELA ALBAROSA

Subjects
Saturated fat, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0302 clinical medicine, Functional food, Functional Food, Weight loss, Weight Loss, Dietary Carbohydrates, medicine, Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, Food science, Exercise, Life Style, Dyslipidemias, business.industry, Cholesterol, Lifestyle modifications 216846 DOI: 10.1007/s11886-016-0744-7, Dietary carbohydrate, Cardiovascular diseases prevention, medicine.disease, Dietary Fats, Psyllium, Postprandial, chemistry, Dyslipidemia, Cardiovascular Diseases, LDL cholesterol, lipids (amino acids, peptides, and proteins), medicine.symptom, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business, medicine.drug, Dietary fat
Abstract

The role for lifestyle modifications to correct dyslipidemia(s) is reviewed. Dietary composition is crucial. Replacing saturated fat with MUFA or n-6 PUFA lowers plasma low-density lipoproteins (LDL) cholesterol and ameliorates the LDL/HDL ratio. Replacing saturated fat with carbohydrates has diverging effects due to the heterogeneity of carbohydrate foods. Diets rich in refined carbohydrates increase fasting and postprandial triglycerides, whereas the consumption of fiber-rich, low GI foods lowers LDL cholesterol with no detrimental effects on triglycerides. The role of polyphenols is debated: available evidence suggests a lowering effect of polyphenol-rich foods on postprandial triglycerides. As for functional foods, health claims on a cholesterol lowering effect of psyllium, beta-glucans and phytosterols are accepted by regulatory agencies. The importance of alcohol intake, weight reduction, and physical activity is discussed. In conclusion, there is evidence that lifestyle affects plasma lipid. A multifactorial approach including multiple changes with additive effects is the best option. This may also ensure feasibility and durability. The traditional Mediterranean way of life can represent a useful model.

Published
2016

28. Reduction in liver fat by dietary MUFA in type 2 diabetes is helped by enhanced hepatic fat oxidation

Author

Giuseppina Costabile, Valentina Cicala, Lidia Patti, Daniele Naviglio, Paola Cipriano, Giovanni Annuzzi, Lutgarda Bozzetto, Chiara Piantadosi, Delia Luongo, Angela A. Rivellese, Bozzetto, Lutgarda, Costabile, Giuseppina, Luongo, Delia, Naviglio, Daniele, Cicala, Valentina, Piantadosi, Chiara, Patti, Lidia, Cipriano, Paola, Annuzzi, Giovanni, and Rivellese, ANGELA ALBAROSA

Subjects
Adult, Blood Glucose, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Stearoyl-coenzyme A desaturase, 1 activity, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, 030209 endocrinology & metabolism, Type 2 diabetes, β-Oxidation, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, β-Hydroxybutyrate, De novo lipogenesi, Stearoyl-coenzyme A desaturase-1 activity, Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Fat oxidation, Internal medicine, Liver fat, Internal Medicine, medicine, Humans, In patient, De novo lipogenesis, Monounsaturated fatty acid, Aged, Type 2 Diabete, Monounsaturated fatty acids, Chemistry, Lipogenesis, ?-Oxidation, Human physiology, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Postprandial Period, Type 2 Diabetes, Diet, Endocrinology, ?-Hydroxybutyrate, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Liver, Hepatic lipid, lipids (amino acids, peptides, and proteins), Female, Oxidation-Reduction, Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase
Abstract

Aims/hypothesis The aim of this work was to investigate hepatic lipid metabolic processes possibly involved in the reduction of liver fat content (LF) observed in patients with type 2 diabetes after an isoenergetic diet enriched in monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs). Methods This is an ancillary analysis of a published study. In a parallel-group design, 30 men and eight women, aged 35-70 years, with type 2 diabetes and whose blood glucose was controlled satisfactorily (HbA1c< 7.5% [58 mmol/mol]) by diet or diet plus metformin, were randomised by MINIM software to follow either a high-carbohydrate/high-fibre/low-glycaemic index diet (CHO/fibre diet, n= 20) or a high-MUFA diet (MUFA diet, n= 18) for 8 weeks. The assigned diets were known for the participants and blinded for people doing measurements. Before and after intervention, LF was measured by 1 H-MRS (primary outcome) and indirect indices of de novo lipogenesis (DNL) (serum triacylglycerol palmitic:linoleic acid ratio), stearoyl-CoA desaturase activity (SCD-1) (serum triacylglycerol palmitoleic:palmitic acid ratio) and hepatic ?-oxidation of fatty acids (?-hydroxybutyrate plasma concentrations) were measured. Results LF was reduced by 30% after the MUFA diet, as already reported. Postprandial ?-hydroxybutyrate incremental AUC (iAUC) was significantly less suppressed after the MUFA diet (n = 16) (-2504 ± 4488 ?mol/l × 360 min vs baseline -9021 ± 6489 ?mol/l × 360 min) while it was unchanged after the CHO/fibre diet (n = 17) (-8168 ± 9827 ?mol/l × 360 min vs baseline -7206 ± 10,005 ?mol/l × 360 min, p = 0.962) (mean ± SD, p = 0.043). In the participants assigned to the MUFA diet, the change in postprandial ?-hydroxybutyrate iAUC was inversely associated with the change in LF (r = -0.642, p = 0.010). DNL and SCD-1 indirect indices did not change significantly after either of the dietary interventions. Conclusions/interpretation Postprandial hepatic oxidation of fatty acids is a metabolic process possibly involved in the reduction of LF by a MUFA-rich diet in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Published
2016

29. Insulin resistance, postprandial GLP-1 and adaptive immunity are the main predictors of NAFLD in a homogeneous population at high cardiovascular risk

Author

Monica Ragucci, A.A. Rivellese, Giovanni Annuzzi, Gaia Anniballi, E. Griffo, Marcello Mancini, A. Giacco, Lutgarda Bozzetto, G. Della Corte, G. Della Pepa, O. Di Donato, Bozzetto, Lutgarda, Annuzzi, Giovanni, Ragucci, Monica, DI DONATO, Orlando, DELLA PEPA, Giuseppe, DELLA CORTE, Giuseppina, Griffo, Ettore, Anniballi, Gaia, Giacco, Angela, Mancini, Marcello, and Rivellese, ANGELA ALBAROSA

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Blood Glucose, Male, Time Factors, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, medicine.medical_treatment, Medicine (miscellaneous), Adaptive Immunity, 0302 clinical medicine, Glucagon-Like Peptide 1, Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease, Risk Factors, Insulin, Metabolic Syndrome, education.field_of_study, Nutrition and Dietetics, Fatty liver, Middle Aged, Postprandial Period, Diet Records, Postprandial, Italy, Liver, Cardiovascular Diseases, Regression Analysis, Female, medicine.symptom, Inflammation Mediators, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Waist, HDL, Population, Nutritional Status, 030209 endocrinology & metabolism, Inflammation, Risk Assessment, 03 medical and health sciences, Interferon-gamma, IFN-g, Insulin resistance, Internal medicine, NAFLD, medicine, Humans, education, Aged, business.industry, Cholesterol, HDL, Feeding Behavior, medicine.disease, 030104 developmental biology, Endocrinology, Cross-Sectional Studies, Multivariate Analysis, Metabolic syndrome, business, GLP-1, Biomarkers
Abstract

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: The role of the different factors associated with fatty liver is still poorly defined. We evaluated the relationships between liver fat content (LF) and metabolic, inflammatory and nutritional factors in a homogeneous cohort of individuals at high cardio-metabolic risk. METHODS AND RESULTS: In 70 individuals with high waist circumference and at least one more criterion for metabolic syndrome enrolled in a nutritional intervention study, LF was evaluated at baseline by hepatic/renal echo intensity ratio (H/R), together with dietary habits (7-day dietary record), insulin sensitivity and β-cell function (fasting and OGTT-derived indices), fasting and postprandial plasma GLP-1 and lipoproteins, and plasma inflammatory markers. H/R correlated positively with fasting and OGTT plasma glucose and insulin concentrations, HOMA-IR and β-cell function, and IL-4, IL-17, IFN-γ, TNF-α, FGF and GCSF plasma concentrations (p < 0.05 for all), and negatively with insulin sensitivity (OGIS), dietary, polyphenols and fiber (p < 0.05 for all). By multiple stepwise regression analysis, the best predictors of H/R were OGIS (β = -0.352 p = 0.001), postprandial GLP-1 (β = -0.344; p = 0.001), HDL-cholesterol (β = -0.323; p = 0.002) and IFN-γ (β = 0.205; p = 0.036). CONCLUSION: A comprehensive evaluation of factors associated with liver fat, in a homogeneous population at high cardio-metabolic risk, indicated a pathogenic combination of the same pathways underlying the atherosclerotic process, namely whole body insulin sensitivity and inflammation. The higher predictive value of postprandial variables suggests that liver fat is essentially a postprandial phenomenon, with a relevant role possibly played by GLP-1.

Published
2016

30. Effectiveness of treat-to-target strategy for LDL-cholesterol control in type 2 diabetes: post-hoc analysis of data from the MIND.IT study

Author

Diego, Ardigò, Olga, Vaccaro, Franco, Cavalot, Albarosa Angela, Rivellese, Laura, Franzini, Roberto, Miccoli, Lidia, Patti, Massimo, Boemi, Mariella, Trovati, Ivana, Zavaroni, M, Trovati, Ardigò, D, Vaccaro, Olga, Cavalot, F, Rivellese, ANGELA ALBAROSA, Franzini, L, Miccoli, R, Patti, Lidia, Boemi, M, Trovati, M, and Zavaroni, I.

Subjects
Male, medicine.medical_specialty, LDL cholesterol, type 2 diabetes, Studio MIND.IT, Time Factors, type 2 diabetes treat-to-target, Epidemiology, Treatment outcome, cardiovascular rish, Type 2 diabetes, chemistry.chemical_compound, Diabetes mellitus, Post-hoc analysis, Humans, Medicine, Aged, Dyslipidemias, Ldl cholesterol, business.industry, Cholesterol, Treat to target, Cholesterol, LDL, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Primary Prevention, Treatment Outcome, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Italy, chemistry, Cardiovascular Diseases, Physical therapy, LDL Cholesterol Lipoproteins, Female, Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business, Biomarkers
Abstract

The paper presents a post-hoc analysis of the intensity of dyslipidaemia care operated in the first 2 years of Multiple-Intervention-in-type-2-Diabetes.ITaly (MIND.IT) study.MIND.IT is a multicentric, randomized, two-parallel arm trial involving 1461 type 2 diabetic patients at high cardiovascular (CV) risk. The study compares the usual care (UC) of CV prevention with a multifactorial intensive care (IC) approach aiming at achieving target values for the main CV risk factors according to a step-wise treat-to-target approach.Proportion of patients on target for low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) was about 10% at baseline and increased significantly more with IC than UC (43 vs. 27%; p 0.001). However, the majority (57%) of patients, in this intended intensively treated cohort, failed to achieve the proposed target. Average LDL-C decreased from 144 ± 35 to 108 ± 31 mg/dl with IC and from 142 ± 28 to 118 ± 32 with UC (p-for-interaction0.0001). IC was associated with a significantly greater increase in statin prescription and lower withdrawal from treatment than UC (43 vs. 11% and 28 vs. 61%, respectively; both p 0.001). However, the new treatments were characterized in both groups by the use of low starting doses (≤ 10 mg of atorvastatin, equivalent dose in more than 90% of patients) without increase in case of missed target.The application of a multifactorial treat-to-target intervention is associated with a significant improvement in LDL-C beyond usual practice. However, the change in LDL-C appears to be more related to an increased number of treated patients and a decreased treatment withdrawal than to a true treat-to-target approach.

Published
2012

31. Dietary Carbohydrates for Diabetics

Author

Angela A. Rivellese, G. Costabile, Rosalba Giacco, Rivellese, ANGELA ALBAROSA, Giacco, Rosalba, and Costabile, Giuseppina

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Diabetes , Carbohydrates , Fiber , Glycemic index , Glycemic control, business.industry, Cardiovascular risk factors, Body weight, medicine.disease, Qualitative composition, Diet, Endocrinology, Glycemic index, Postprandial, Risk Factors, Internal medicine, Metabolic effects, Diabetes mellitus, Weight Loss, Diabetes Mellitus, Dietary Carbohydrates, medicine, Humans, Food science, Energy Intake, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business
Abstract

The literature on the impact of dietary carbohydrates in the regulation of blood glucose levels and other metabolic abnormalities in diabetic patients over the last 3 years is reviewed. We try to differentiate the metabolic effects due to the amount of carbohydrates from those due to their different types. The review comprises a part dealing with the effects of diets having low or high carbohydrate content on body weight reduction, and a part in which the amount and the quality of carbohydrates are discussed in relation to isoenergetic diets. Overall, the data accumulated in the period considered seem to confirm that the decrease in energy intake is more important than the qualitative composition of the diet to reduce body weight, but that both the amount and the quality of carbohydrates are important in modulating blood glucose levels and other cardiovascular risk factors in both the fasting and the postprandial phases in diabetic individuals.

Published
2012

32. Reply from the authors to 'Comments on ‘Insulin resistance, postprandial GLP-1 and adaptive immunity are the main predictors of NAFLD in a homogeneous population at high cardiovascular risk’'

Author

Lutgarda Bozzetto, Giovanni Annuzzi, A.A. Rivellese, Marcello Mancini, Annuzzi, Giovanni, Bozzetto, Lutgarda, Mancini, Marcello, and Rivellese, ANGELA ALBAROSA

Subjects
education.field_of_study, Nutrition and Dietetics, business.industry, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Population, Medicine (miscellaneous), 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, medicine.disease, Acquired immune system, 01 natural sciences, 010104 statistics & probability, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Postprandial, Insulin resistance, Homogeneous, Immunology, Medicine, 0101 mathematics, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business, education
Published
2017

33. Trans fatty acids consumption in type 1 diabetic patients: evaluation by dietary records and measurement in serum phospholipids

Author

Vitale, M.a, Luongo, D.b, Naviglio, D.c, Bozzetto, L.a, Mirabella, Rivieccio, A.M.a, Giacco, A.a, Rivellese, A.A.a, Vitale, Marilena, Luongo, D, Naviglio, Daniele, Bozzetto, Lutgarda, Mirabella, M, Rivieccio, ANNA MARIA, Giacco, Angela, and Rivellese, ANGELA ALBAROSA

Subjects
Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Calorie, Adolescent, gas chromatography, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Population, serum phospholipid, Blood lipids, World health, Young Adult, Endocrinology, Dietary Fats, Unsaturated, Age groups, Internal medicine, Diabetes mellitus, Internal Medicine, Humans, Medicine, education, Phospholipids, CHD, Inflammation, Trans fatty acids, Type 1 diabetes, type 1 diabetic patient, education.field_of_study, business.industry, Case-control study, General Medicine, Trans Fatty Acids, medicine.disease, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1, Case-Control Studies, Female, Trans fatty acid, Energy Intake, business
Abstract

The consumption of foods containing trans fatty acids (TFA), especially those produced by food industries, induces pleiotropic negative effects on health. Therefore, it is important to assess the amount of TFA consumed, especially in age groups more exposed to the consumption of TFA-containing foods. The present pilot study evaluates TFA intake in 54 young people with and without type 1 diabetes (29 young subjects with type 1 diabetes and 25 healthy subjects) through both dietary records (7-day food record) and the measurement of TFA levels in serum phospholipids, a possibly more objective marker of TFA intake. The comparison between the two groups was made by the student t test for independent samples. The intake of synthetic TFA was low in both groups (type 1 diabetic patients: 0.25 ± 0.25 g/day; healthy subjects 0.48 ± 0.37 g/day), but significantly lower in diabetic patients vs controls (P < 0.05); TFA levels in serum phospholipids also confirmed a low intake of these fatty acids. These data indicate that the intake of trans fatty acids is relatively low in our population, i.e.

Published
2011

34. Consensus on: Screening and therapy of coronary heart disease in diabetic patients

Author

Rivellese AA1, Piatti PM, Italian Intersociety Consensus G.r.o.u.p. Collaborators Piatti PM, Avogaro A, Anfossi G, Ardigo D, de Kreutzenberg SV, Inchiostro S, Rivellese AA, Trovati M, Zambon S, Zavaroni I, Arcangeli A, Lettino M, Mafrici A, Uguccioni M, Bianchi A, Cavallaro V, Monducci I, Cadeddu C, De Luca G, Manzato E., GENTILE, Sandro, Rivellese, ANGELA ALBAROSA, P. M., Piatti, Rivellese, Aa1, Piatti, Pm, Collaborators Piatti PM, Italian Intersociety Consensus G. r. o. u. p., Avogaro, A, Anfossi, G, Ardigo, D, de Kreutzenberg, Sv, Inchiostro, S, Rivellese, Aa, Trovati, M, Zambon, S, Zavaroni, I, Arcangeli, A, Gentile, Sandro, Lettino, M, Mafrici, A, Uguccioni, M, Bianchi, A, Cavallaro, V, Monducci, I, Cadeddu, C, De Luca, G, and Manzato, E.

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Diabetic Cardiomyopathies, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, medicine.medical_treatment, Cardiovascular risk factors, MEDLINE, Coronary heart disease, Diabetes, Cardiovascular risk factors, Medicine (miscellaneous), Coronary Disease, Revascularization, Electrocardiography, Risk Factors, Diabetes mellitus, Myocardial Revascularization, medicine, Humans, Hypoglycemic Agents, Intensive care medicine, Antihypertensive Agents, Hypolipidemic Agents, Nutrition and Dietetics, Framingham Risk Score, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Diabetes, Evidence-based medicine, medicine.disease, Coronary heart disease, Italy, Echocardiography, Physical therapy, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business, Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors
Abstract

The screening and best treatment for coronary heart disease in diabetic patients is still a matter of debate. For this reason the main Italian scientific societies dealing with diabetes and cardiovascular diseases have tried to finalize a document providing shared recommendations based on the available evidence on : 1) how and who to screen for coronary heart disease, 2) methodologies for the characterization of existing coronary heart disease 3) evaluation of the optimal treatment of cardiovascular risk factors and 4) appropriate revascularization procedures. For each of these points, the levels of evidence and strength of recommendations used in the Italian Standard of Care were adopted.

Published
2011

35. The association of hs-CRP with fasting and postprandial plasma lipids in patients with type 2 diabetes is disrupted by dietary monounsaturated fatty acids

Author

Lutgarda Bozzetto, Gabriele Riccardi, C. De Natale, Simona Maione, L. Di Capua, Lidia Patti, G. Della Corte, Giovanni Annuzzi, A.A. Rivellese, Bozzetto, Lutgarda, De Natale, C, Di Capua, L, Della Corte, G, Patti, Lidia, Maione, S, Riccardi, Gabriele, Rivellese, ANGELA ALBAROSA, and Annuzzi, Giovanni

Subjects
Dietary Fiber, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Very low-density lipoprotein, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Type 2 diabetes, Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated, chemistry.chemical_compound, Endocrinology, Internal medicine, Diabetes mellitus, Dietary Carbohydrates, Internal Medicine, Humans, Medicine, Triglycerides, Glycated Hemoglobin, Meal, Cross-Over Studies, Triglyceride, business.industry, food and beverages, Fasting, General Medicine, Middle Aged, Postprandial Period, medicine.disease, Dietary Fats, Lipids, C-Reactive Protein, Glycemic index, Postprandial, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, chemistry, Glycemic Index, Female, lipids (amino acids, peptides, and proteins), business, Chylomicron
Abstract

The aim of the study was to evaluate whether two dietary approaches recommended for diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular prevention-high-MUFA or complex carbohydrates/fiber-differently influence inflammation. A 4-week crossover study in 12 individuals with type 2 diabetes was performed. Fasting and postprandial hs-CRP plasma levels were not significantly different after a high-carbohydrate/high-fiber/low-glycemic index (CHO/fiber) and a high-MUFA diet. Compared with fasting, hs-CRP levels decreased significantly after the MUFA but not after the CHO/fiber meal. Triglyceride-rich lipoproteins were significantly lower after the CHO/fiber than the MUFA diet. At fasting and postprandially, hs-CRP correlated with triglyceride in whole plasma, chylomicrons, small and large VLDL after the CHO/fiber but not after the MUFA diet. In conclusion, a MUFA-rich diet and a carbohydrate/fiber-rich diet induced similar effects on plasma hs-CRP concentrations. However, these dietary approaches seem to influence hs-CRP levels through different mechanisms. i.e., direct acute postprandial effects by MUFA and triglyceride-rich lipoproteins mediated effects by CHO/fiber.

Published
2011

36. Ezetimibe beneficially influences fasting and postprandial triglyceride-rich lipoproteins in type 2 diabetes

Author

Anna Mangione, Giuseppina Della Corte, Lutgarda Bozzetto, Paola Cipriano, Angela A. Rivellese, Gabriele Riccardi, Giovanni Annuzzi, Lidia Patti, Bozzetto, Lutgarda, Annuzzi, Giovanni, Corte, Gd, Patti, L, Cipriano, P, Mangione, A, Riccardi, Gabriele, and Rivellese, ANGELA ALBAROSA

Subjects
Blood Glucose, Male, Simvastatin, medicine.medical_specialty, Very low-density lipoprotein, Time Factors, Lipoproteins, VLDL, Placebos, Double-Blind Method, Ezetimibe, Internal medicine, Chylomicrons, Centrifugation, Density Gradient, medicine, Humans, Triglycerides, Cross-Over Studies, Chemistry, Anticholesteremic Agents, Fasting, Middle Aged, Postprandial Period, Cholesterol, Postprandial, Endocrinology, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Intestinal cholesterol absorption, Azetidines, Female, lipids (amino acids, peptides, and proteins), Density gradient ultracentrifugation, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, Chylomicron, medicine.drug, Lipoprotein
Abstract

Type 2 diabetes is associated with atherogenic abnormalities of postprandial triglyceride-rich lipoproteins. This study evaluated whether ezetimibe, by inhibiting intestinal cholesterol absorption, influences chylomicrons and VLDL particles at fasting and after a standard meal.By a double blind cross-over design 15 subjects with type 2 diabetes and hypercholesterolaemia followed in random order a 6-week treatment with ezetimibe 10mg+simvastatin 20 mg (EZE+S) or placebo+simvastatin 20 mg (P+S) and, after a 6-week wash-out period, crossed over to the other treatment (NCT00699023). At the end of each period lipids, apoB-48, and apoB-100 concentrations in plasma and lipoprotein fractions (separated by discontinuous density gradient ultracentrifugation) were determined before and over 6h following a high-fat test meal.Compared with P+S, EZE+S induced, (a) beside a greater decrease in LDL cholesterol, (b) a significant decrease in chylomicron lipid content both at fasting and postprandially (4.4 ± 2.7 vs. 8.3 ± 8.7 mg/dl × 6 h total AUC for cholesterol, p0.05; 18 ± 12 vs. 29 ± 24 mg/dl triglyceride concentrations at 6h, p0.05), (c) a significant decrease in chylomicron postprandial apoB-48 (0.03 ± 0.03 vs. 0.09 ± 0.08 mg/l at 4 h, p0.05), and (d) significant fasting and postprandial decreases in the cholesterol content of VLDL, IDL, and LDL, as shown by the significant reduction of the cholesterol/triglyceride ratio in these lipoproteins.A 6-week treatment with ezetimibe and simvastatin, compared to simvastatin alone, positively influences lipoprotein profile both at fasting and postprandially in type 2 diabetic patients by favouring the production of cholesterol-poor chylomicrons and VLDL particles that have less atherogenic potential.

Published
2011

37. Fasting and post-prandial adipose tissue lipoprotein lipase and hormone-sensitive lipase in obesity and Type 2 diabetes

Author

C. Santangelo, A.A. Rivellese, Rosalba Giacco, C. De Natale, G. Costabile, Roberta Masella, Lutgarda Bozzetto, P. Cipriano, Giovanni Annuzzi, L. Di Marino, Costabile, Giuseppina, Annuzzi, Giovanni, L., Di Marino, C., de natale, R., Giacco, Bozzetto, Lutgarda, P., Cipriano, C., Santangelo, R., Masella, and Rivellese, ANGELA ALBAROSA

Subjects
Blood Glucose, medicine.medical_specialty, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, medicine.medical_treatment, Adipose tissue, Hormone-sensitive lipase, Type 2 diabetes, Body Mass Index, Endocrinology, Insulin resistance, Internal medicine, Diabetes mellitus, medicine, Humans, Insulin, Obesity, RNA, Messenger, Triglycerides, Lipoprotein lipase, business.industry, digestive, oral, and skin physiology, food and beverages, Fasting, Sterol Esterase, Postprandial Period, medicine.disease, Lipoprotein Lipase, Adipose Tissue, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Insulin Resistance, business
Abstract

BACKGROUND: Fasting and post-prandial abnormalities of adipose tissue (AT) lipoprotein lipase (LPL) and hormone- sensitive lipase (HSL) activities may have pathophysiological relevance in insulin-resistant conditions. AIM: The aim of this study was to evaluate activity and gene expression of AT LPL and HSL at fasting and 6 h after meal in two insulin-resistant groups - obese with Type 2 diabetes and obese without diabetes - and in non-diabetic normal-weight controls. MATERIAL/SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Nine obese subjects with diabetes, 10 with obesity alone, and 9 controls underwent measurements of plasma levels of glucose, insulin, and triglycerides before and after a standard fat-rich meal. Fasting and post-prandial (6 h) LPL and HSL activities and gene expressions were determined in abdominal subcutaneous AT needle biopsies. RESULTS: The diabetic obese subjects had significantly lower fasting and post-prandial AT heparin-releasable LPL activity than only obese and control subjects (p

Published
2011

38. Postprandial lipemia, diet, and cardiovascular risk

Author

Lutgarda Bozzetto, Angela A. Rivellese, Giovanni Annuzzi, Rivellese, ANGELA ALBAROSA, Bozzetto, Lutgarda, and Annuzzi, Giovanni

Subjects
Pharmacology, medicine.medical_specialty, biology, business.industry, Saturated fat, medicine.disease, Insulin resistance, Postprandial, Endocrinology, Internal medicine, Cholesterylester transfer protein, medicine, biology.protein, Pharmacology (medical), Endothelial dysfunction, Prospective cohort study, business, Dyslipidemia, Lipoprotein
Abstract

Recently published studies have provided additional evidence of the pathophysiology and clinical relevance of postprandial dyslipidemia. Notably, the relationship with cardiovascular risk has been considerably strengthened by two large prospective studies showing an independent role for nonfasting plasma triglycerides. Knowledge of the genetic influence has been expanded by the identification of new gene variants associated with postprandial lipemia. More data have confirmed the strict relation between postprandial lipoprotein alterations and insulin resistance, whereas studies on the association with endothelial dysfunction have not been conclusive. Recent medium-term intervention studies have mainly evaluated the different dietary fatty acids and compared diets rich in monounsaturated fatty acids with diets rich in carbohydrates. Results indicate that the diet generally recommended for cardiovascular prevention (ie, low in saturated fat, rich in omega-3 fatty acids, moderately rich in carbohydrates, and rich in fiber) may also correct postprandial lipid abnormalities.

Published
2008

39. Pro12Ala Polymorphism of the PPARγ2 Locus Modulates the Relationship Between Energy Intake and Body Weight in Type 2 Diabetic Patients

Author

Rocco Galasso, Emanuela Lapice, Sergio Cocozza, Antonella Monticelli, Imma Castaldo, Olga Vaccaro, Michele Pinelli, Giovanna Donnarumma, Gabriele Riccardi, Manuela Giacchetti, Angela A. Rivellese, Vaccaro, Olga, Lapice, E., Monticelli, A., Giacchetti, M., Castaldo, Imma, Galasso, R., Pinelli, M., Donnarumma, G., Rivellese, ANGELA ALBAROSA, Cocozza, Sergio, and Riccardi, Gabriele

Subjects
Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Proline, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Physical exercise, Type 2 diabetes, Weight Gain, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Body Mass Index, Diabetes mellitus, Internal medicine, Diet, Diabetic, Internal Medicine, medicine, Humans, Outpatient clinic, Aged, Advanced and Specialized Nursing, Alanine, business.industry, Genetic Carrier Screening, Confounding, Genetic Variation, Feeding Behavior, Middle Aged, Anthropometry, medicine.disease, PPAR gamma, Endocrinology, Amino Acid Substitution, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Quartile, Creatinine, Female, medicine.symptom, Energy Metabolism, business, Weight gain
Abstract

OBJECTIVE—We explore the relationship among BMI, habitual diet, and the Pro12Ala polymorphism in the peroxisome proliferator–activated receptor (PPAR)γ2. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—The Pro12Ala variant was characterized in 343 unrelated type 2 diabetic patients who were consecutively seen at the outpatient clinic of a health district of the province of Naples. Anthropometric and laboratory parameters were measured; habitual diet was assessed by a validated semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire. RESULTS—The overall frequency of Ala12 was 12% (n = 42). BMI was significantly higher in Ala carriers than non-Ala carriers, whereas total daily energy intake or macronutrient composition of the diet were similar in the two groups. For further analysis, participants were stratified according to genotype and sex-specific quartiles of energy intake. BMI increased in both genotype groups with increasing energy intake (P < 0.03). BMI was similar in Ala carriers and non-Ala carriers (30.0 vs. 30.1 kg/m2, P > 0.10) in the lower quartile of energy intake but significantly higher in Ala carriers in the upper quartile (36.0 vs. 32.1 kg/m2, P < 0.001). Average daily energy intake and diet composition were comparable within each quartile for carriers or noncarriers of the Ala allele. Relative to the noncarriers, Ala carriers had a significantly lower energy intake per kilogram body weight, thus suggesting that the Ala allele is associated with a higher food efficiency. The confounding role of medications, glucose control, and physical exercise was ruled out. CONCLUSIONS—This study provides evidence of a differential susceptibility to fat accumulation, and, hence, weight gain, in response to habitual high energy intake for Ala carriers compared with Pro/Pro homozygotes.

Published
2007

40. Effects of Sleeve Gastrectomy and Gastric Bypass on Postprandial Lipid Profile in Obese Type 2 Diabetic Patients: a 2-Year Follow-up

Author

E. Griffo, Luigi Angrisani, Brunella Capaldo, G. Saldalamacchia, M. Cotugno, Anna Mangione, Gabriella Nosso, Angela A. Rivellese, Griffo, Ettore, Cotugno, Mariella, Nosso, Gabriella, Saldalamacchia, Gennaro, Mangione, A, Angrisani, Luigi, Rivellese, ANGELA ALBAROSA, and Capaldo, Brunella

Subjects
Blood Glucose, Male, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, medicine.medical_treatment, Body Mass Index, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0302 clinical medicine, Weight loss, Insulin, Prospective Studies, Prospective cohort study, Nutrition and Dietetics, medicine.diagnostic_test, Fasting, Middle Aged, Postprandial Period, Lipids, Obesity, Morbid, Postprandial, lipids (amino acids, peptides, and proteins), 030211 gastroenterology & hepatology, Female, medicine.symptom, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Sleeve gastrectomy, Gastric Bypass, Incretin, 030209 endocrinology & metabolism, Gastric Inhibitory Polypeptide, Incretins, 03 medical and health sciences, Gastrectomy, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, Triglycerides, Aged, Bariatric surgery, business.industry, Cholesterol, Cholesterol, HDL, nutritional and metabolic diseases, Endocrinology, Lipid metabolism, chemistry, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Surgery, Insulin Resistance, business, Lipid profile, GLP-1, Postprandial triglycerides, Follow-Up Studies
Abstract

Bariatric surgery (BS) is known to favorably impact fasting lipid profile. Fasting and postprandial lipids were evaluated before and 2 years after BS in obese type 2 diabetic (T2DM) patients. A prospective study was conducted in 19 obese T2DM patients: ten undergoing sleeve gastrectomy (SG) and nine undergoing Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB). Before and 2 years after BS, clinical parameters and the response of lipid and incretin hormones to a mixed meal (MM) were assessed. The two groups had similar characteristics at baseline. After BS, weight loss was similar in the two groups (p ≤ 0.01). Fasting glucose, insulin, and triglycerides decreased while HDL cholesterol increased in a similar way (p

Published
2015

41. Whole-grain wheat consumption reduces inflammation in a randomized controlled trial on overweight and obese subjects with unhealthy dietary and lifestyle behaviors: role of polyphenols bound to cereal dietary fiber

Author

Jack A. Gilbert, Maria A Gallo, Paola Vitaglione, Danilo Ercolini, Satya S. Jonnalagadda, Antonietta La Storia, Sean M. Gibbons, Angela A. Rivellese, Vincenzo Fogliano, Ilario Mennella, Frank Thielecke, Rosalba Giacco, Luca Scalfi, Rosalia Ferracane, Vitaglione, Paola, Mennella, Ilario, Ferracane, Rosalia, Rivellese, ANGELA ALBAROSA, R., Giacco, Ercolini, Danilo, S. M., Gibbon, LA STORIA, Antonietta, J. A., Gilbert, S., Jonnalagadda, F., Thielecke, M. A., Gallo, Scalfi, Luca, and Fogliano, Vincenzo

Subjects
Dietary Fiber, Male, Bioavailability, Medicine (miscellaneous), Urine, Overweight, Body Mass Index, chemistry.chemical_compound, Feces, Lactobacillus, Triticum, Nutrition and Dietetics, wholegrain wheat, food and beverages, Middle Aged, Interleukin-10, Food Quality and Design, Cholesterol, Biochemistry, Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, Body Composition, Female, medicine.symptom, Adult, Biology, Wholegrain wheat, Excretion, Young Adult, Animal science, Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1, medicine, Humans, Obesity, Life Style, Triglycerides, Sedentary lifestyle, VLAG, Inflammation, Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha, Polyphenols, Ferulic acid, whole-grain wheat, polyphenol, inflammation, Feeding Behavior, biology.organism_classification, medicine.disease, Diet, chemistry, bioavailability, Edible Grain, Biomarkers, ferulic acid
Abstract

Background: Epidemiology associates whole-grain (WG) consumption with several health benefits. Mounting evidence suggests that WG wheat polyphenols play a role in mechanisms underlying health benefits. Objective: The objective was to assess circulating concentration, excretion, and the physiologic role of WG wheat polyphenols in subjects with suboptimal dietary and lifestyle behaviors. Design: A placebo-controlled, parallel-group randomized trial with 80 healthy overweight/obese subjects with low intake of fruits and vegetables and sedentary lifestyle was performed. Participants replaced precise portions of refined wheat (RW) with a fixed amount of selected WG wheat or RW products for 8 wk. At baseline and every 4 wk, blood, urine, feces, and anthropometric and body composition measures were collected. Profiles of phenolic acids in biological samples, plasma markers of metabolic disease and inflammation, and fecal microbiota composition were assessed. Results: WG consumption for 4‐8 wk determined a 4-fold increase of serum dihydroferulic acid (DHFA) and a 2-fold increase of fecal ferulic acid (FA) compared with RW consumption (no changes). Similarly, urinary FA at 8 wk doubled the baseline concentration only in WG subjects. Concomitant reduction of plasma tumor necrosis factor-a (TNF-a) after 8 wk and increased interleukin (IL)-10 only after 4 wk with WG compared with RW (P = 0.04) were observed. No significant change in plasma metabolic disease markers over the study period was observed, but a trend toward lower plasma plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 with higher excretion of FA and DHFA in the WG group was found. Fecal FA was associated with baseline low Bifidobacteriales and Bacteroidetes abundances, whereas after WG consumption, it correlated with increased Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes but reduced Clostridium. TNF-a reduction correlated with increased Bacteroides and Lactobacillus. No effect of dietary interventions on anthropometry and body composition was found. Conclusions: WG wheat consumption significantly increased excreted FA and circulating DHFA. Bacterial communities influenced fecal FA and were modified by WG wheat consumption. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT01293175. Am J Clin Nutr doi: 10.3945/ajcn.114.088120.

Published
2015

42. Urine 8-isoprostane in relation to adiposity and insulin resistance in individuals at high cardiometabolic risk

Author

Della CorteGiuseppina, GiaccoRosalba, RivelleseAngela Albarosa, CostabileGiuseppina, Della PepaGiuseppe, ConteFrancesca Serena, Di MarinoLucrezia, BozzettoLutgarda, AnnuzziGiovanni, VetraniClaudia, Costabile, Giuseppina, DELLA PEPA, Giuseppe, Bozzetto, Lutgarda, Annuzzi, Giovanni, Vetrani, Claudia, Giacco, Rosalba, DELLA CORTE, Giuseppina, Conte, Francesca Serena, DI MARINO, Lucrezia, and Rivellese, ANGELA ALBAROSA

Subjects
Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, obesity, Waist, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Abdominal Fat, Adipose tissue, lipoprotein lipase, Urine, Overweight, medicine.disease_cause, Dinoprost, Risk Assessment, insulin-resistance, Insulin resistance, Internal medicine, Internal Medicine, medicine, Humans, Triglycerides, Adiposity, Aged, Metabolic Syndrome, Sex Characteristics, business.industry, Body Weight, Cholesterol, HDL, Age Factors, Anthropometry, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Obesity, Oxidative Stress, Endocrinology, Cross-Sectional Studies, hormone-sensitive lipase, Female, Metabolic syndrome, medicine.symptom, Insulin Resistance, Waist Circumference, business, Oxidative stress
Abstract

Background: Oxidative stress has been implicated in the pathogenesis of many conditions, including insulin resistance and obesity. However, in vivo data concerning these relationships are scarce and conflicting. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the association of oxidative stress with abdominal adiposity and insulin resistance in individuals at high cardiometabolic risk. Methods: A total of 116 overweight/obese individuals participating in the HealthGrain and Etherpaths European Projects, having waist circumference (WC) and any other component of the metabolic syndrome, were included in this cross-sectional evaluation. 8-Isoprostane concentrations in 24-hr urine were measured as marker of oxidative stress in vivo. Baseline anthropometric and metabolic parameters were analyzed according to quartiles of 8-isoprostanes. Linear regression (LR) analysis was used to assess clinical correlates of oxidative stress. Results: Urinary 8-isoprostane levels were 52% higher in men than in women (P

Published
2015

43. Type of Dietary Fat and Insulin Resistance

Author

Stefania Lilli, Angela A. Rivellese, Claudia De Natale, Rivellese, ANGELA ALBAROSA, DE NATALE, C, and Lilli, S.

Subjects
chemistry.chemical_classification, medicine.medical_specialty, Triglyceride, Cholesterol, General Neuroscience, Insulin, medicine.medical_treatment, Saturated fat, Hypertriglyceridemia, Biology, medicine.disease, Dietary Fats, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, chemistry.chemical_compound, Endocrinology, Insulin resistance, History and Philosophy of Science, chemistry, Internal medicine, medicine, Animals, Humans, Insulin Resistance, Metabolic syndrome, Polyunsaturated fatty acid
Abstract

Animal studies have already shown the possibility to modulate insulin action by changing not only the amount of total fat, but also the type of fat. In these studies, saturated fat significantly increased insulin resistance, long- and short-chain omega(3) fatty acids significantly improved it, whereas the effects of monounsaturated and omega(6) polyunsaturated fatty acids ranged somewhere in between the two. A recent multicenter study (the Kanwu study) on humans has shown that shifting from a diet rich in saturated fatty acids to one rich in monounsaturated fat improved insulin sensitivity in healthy people, while a moderate omega(3) supplementation did not affect it; this second finding confirms previous results in type 2 diabetic patients with hypertriglyceridemia. There are also other aspects of the metabolic syndrome that can be influenced by the different type of dietary fat, particularly blood pressure and lipid metabolism. With respect to blood pressure, the majority of studies show that omega(3) fatty acids are able to reduce blood pressure in hypertensive patients, but not in normotensive individuals; this result has been confirmed also by the Kanwu study, where no changes in blood pressure were seen after omega(3) supplementation in healthy people. On the other hand, in this study, the change from saturated to monounsaturated fatty acids was able to significantly reduce diastolic blood pressure. As to the lipid abnormalities more frequently present in the metabolic syndrome (i.e., hypertriglyceridemia and low HDL cholesterol), the main effects are related to omega(3) fatty acids, which surely reduce triglyceride levels, but at the same time increase LDL cholesterol. In conclusion, there is so far sound evidence in humans that the quality of dietary fat is able to influence insulin resistance and some of the related metabolic abnormalities.

Published
2006

44. Exogenous and Endogenous Postprandial Lipid Abnormalities in Type 2 Diabetic Patients with Optimal Blood Glucose Control and Optimal Fasting Triglyceride Levels

Author

Silvana Coppola, Lucrezia Di Marino, Gabriele Riccardi, Lidia Patti, Stefano Del Prato, C. Iovine, Angela A. Rivellese, Claudia De Natale, Giovanni Annuzzi, Rivellese, ANGELA ALBAROSA, DE NATALE, Claudia, DI MARINO, Lucrezia, Patti, Lidia, Iovine, Ciro, Coppola, S, DEL PRATO, S, Riccardi, Gabriele, and Annuzzi, Giovanni

Subjects
Blood Glucose, Male, Very low-density lipoprotein, medicine.medical_specialty, Apolipoprotein B, Lipoproteins, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, medicine.medical_treatment, Clinical Biochemistry, Fatty Acids, Nonesterified, Lipoproteins, VLDL, Biochemistry, chemistry.chemical_compound, Endocrinology, Diabetes mellitus, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, Insulin, Triglycerides, biology, Triglyceride, Cholesterol, Osmolar Concentration, Biochemistry (medical), Fasting, Lipase, Middle Aged, Postprandial Period, medicine.disease, Lipids, Lipoprotein Lipase, Postprandial, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, chemistry, biology.protein, Female, lipids (amino acids, peptides, and proteins), Lipoprotein
Abstract

The aim of this study was to evaluate exogenous and endogenous lipoprotein responses to a standard fat-rich meal in type 2 diabetic patients with optimal fasting triglyceridemia and optimal blood glucose control. Seven type 2 diabetic patients and five nondiabetic controls (age, 49 +/- 7 and 48 +/- 4 yr; body mass index, 28.3 +/- 3.6 and 25.1 +/- 3.6 kg/m(2); mean +/- SD) were given, after at least 12 h of fasting, a standard fat-rich meal. Before and over the 6 h after the meal, serial blood samples were taken for determination of glucose, insulin, lipids, lipoproteins, apolipoprotein B-48 (apo B-48), apo B-100, free fatty acids, and lipoprotein lipase activity. The main abnormality in the postprandial lipid response of diabetic patients involved large very low density lipoproteins. In these particles, apo B-48, apo B-100, cholesterol, and triglyceride incremental areas were, in fact, significantly higher in diabetics compared with controls [7.08 +/- 2.65 vs. 1.17 +/- 0.88 mg/liter.h, 65.5 +/- 11.5 vs. 12.4 +/- 1.77 mg/liter.h, 29.7 +/- 3.9 vs. 13.1 +/- 3.1 mg/dl.h (0.77 +/- 0.10 vs. 0.34 +/- 0.08 mmol/liter.h), 170 +/- 31 vs. 94 +/- 22 mg/dl.h (1.93 +/- 0.35 vs. 1.06 +/- 0.25 mmol/liter.h)] (all P0.05; mean +/- SEM). Postprandial preheparin lipoprotein lipase plasma activity was, if anything, higher in diabetic patients. In conclusion, even with fasting normotriglyceridemia and optimal blood glucose control, type 2 diabetic patients are characterized, in the postprandial period, by a significant increase in large very low density lipoproteins of both endogenous and exogenous origins.

Published
2004

45. Effects of different dairy products on postprandial lipemia

Author

A.M. Palumbo, A. M. Rivieccio, Filomena Nazzaro, G. Lasorella, Gennaro Clemente, Ferrara La, Angela A. Rivellese, Rosalba Giacco, Marcello Mancini, Clemente, G, Mancini, M, Nazzaro, F, Lasorella, G, Rivieccio, ANNA MARIA, Palumbo, Am, Rivellese, ANGELA ALBAROSA, Ferrara, L, and Giacco, R.

Subjects
Blood Glucose, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Lipoproteins, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, medicine.medical_treatment, Medicine (miscellaneous), Type 2 diabetes, chemistry.chemical_compound, Cheese, Internal medicine, medicine, Animals, Humans, Food science, Triglycerides, Meal, Nutrition and Dietetics, Gastric emptying, Triglyceride, Chemistry, Cholesterol, Insulin, digestive, oral, and skin physiology, Fasting, Middle Aged, Carbohydrate, Postprandial Period, medicine.disease, Dietary Fats, Lipids, Milk, Endocrinology, Postprandial, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Gastric Emptying, Area Under Curve, Butter, Female, Dairy Products, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine
Abstract

BACKGROUND AND AIM: To evaluate the effects on postprandial lipemia (PPL), of three fat rich meals, with similar composition but different physical structure (liquid, semisolid and solid). METHODS AND RESULTS: Eight type 2 diabetic patients of both genders (6M/2F), age 51+/-9 yrs (M+/-SD), BMI 29+/-3 kg/m2, with fasting plasma glucose levels 145+/-24 mg/dL, cholesterol 200+/-38 mg/dL and triglyceride 110+/-45 mg/dL. Participants consumed in the morning, after a 12-hour fast and at 1-week intervals, three test meals with similar volume and composition [protein 36 g, lipid 30 g, carbohydrate 115 g, energy 3556 kJ (850 Kcal)] but with the main source of fat represented by foods with different physical structure (milk, mozzarella-cheese, butter). Each patient underwent gastric emptying measurements by echography; plasma FFA, triglycerides, glucose and insulin were evaluated at baseline and every hour for six hours after each meal. Fasting plasma glucose, cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations were similar at the baseline of the three test meals. Average increases in postprandial plasma triglyceride levels after butter (88+/-8 mg/dL) and mozzarella-cheese (104+/-56 mg/dL) were not different than after milk (98+/-53 mg/dL). The plasma triglyceride peak was also similar after the three test meals but peak time after butter (315+/-42 min; p

Published
2003

46. Insulin sensitivity is increased and fat oxidation after a high-fat meal is reduced in normal-weight healthy men with strong familial predisposition to overweight

Author

Rosalba Giacco, G. Lasorella, L Busiello, Gabriele Riccardi, A.A. Rivellese, A. M. Rivieccio, Gennaro Clemente, Giacco, R, Clemente, G, Busiello, L, Lasorella, G, Rivieccio, Am, Rivellese, ANGELA ALBAROSA, and Riccardi, Gabriele

Subjects
Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, medicine.medical_treatment, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Medicine (miscellaneous), Overweight, Body Mass Index, Insulin resistance, Lipid oxidation, Risk Factors, Internal medicine, medicine, Familial predisposition, Humans, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Obesity, Meal, Nutrition and Dietetics, business.industry, Insulin, digestive, oral, and skin physiology, medicine.disease, Lipid Metabolism, Postprandial Period, Dietary Fats, Endocrinology, Case-Control Studies, Disease Susceptibility, medicine.symptom, Insulin Resistance, business, Energy Metabolism, Body mass index, Oxidation-Reduction
Abstract

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate whether postprandial abnormalities of energy expenditure and/or lipid oxidation are present in healthy, normal-weight subjects with a strong family history of obesity and thus at high risk to become obese. DESIGN: Case-control study. SUBJECTS: A total of 16 young healthy men participated in the study. Eight subjects had both parents overweight (father's and mother's body mass index (BMI) >25 kg/m(2)) and eight had both parents with normal body weight (father's and mother's BMI

Published
2003

47. Fasting apolipoprotein B48 is associated with asymptomatic peripheral arterial disease in type 2 diabetic subjects: A case–control study

Author

Angela A. Rivellese, Lidia Patti, Emanuela Lapice, G. Romano, Olga Vaccaro, P. Cipriano, Lapice, E, Cipriano, P, Patti, L, Romano, G, Vaccaro, Olga, and Rivellese, ANGELA ALBAROSA

Subjects
Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay, Type 2 diabetes, Risk Assessment, Asymptomatic, Gastroenterology, Peripheral Arterial Disease, Risk Factors, Internal medicine, Diabetes mellitus, Humans, Medicine, Ankle Brachial Index, Aged, Asymptomatic Diseases, Glycated Hemoglobin, Chi-Square Distribution, business.industry, Case-control study, Fasting, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Up-Regulation, Peripheral, Logistic Models, Blood pressure, Endocrinology, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Italy, Case-Control Studies, Multivariate Analysis, Female, medicine.symptom, Apolipoprotein B-48, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business, Chi-squared distribution, Biomarkers
Abstract

To test whether there is an association between fasting ApoB48 level, a marker of the residual presence of intestinally derived TRLs lipoproteins, thought to be highly atherogenic, and peripheral artery disease (PAD) in type 2 diabetic patients independent of fasting plasma lipids.We studied 87 patients with type 2 diabetes: 34 with asymptomatic PAD (ankle/brachial index 0.9) and 53 without PAD matched on age (±2 years), gender and BMI (±2 kg/m(2)). The plasma fasting ApoB48 was measured by ELISA.Patients with PAD had significantly higher ApoB48 levels (1.529 ± 1.253 vs 1.095 ± 0.667 μg/ml p = 0.04) than those without PAD independent of major confounders, such as duration of diabetes, smoking status, HbA1c, systolic blood pressure and fasting plasma lipids.Fasting ApoB48 was independently associated with asymptomatic PAD in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Published
2012

48. Diets naturally rich in polyphenols improve fasting and postprandial dyslipidemia and reduce oxidative stress: a randomized controlled trial

Author

Angela A Rivellese, Claudia Vetrani, Giuseppina Costabile, Anna Mangione, Rosalba Giacco, Lutgarda Bozzetto, Paola Cipriano, Gabriele Riccardi, Gaia Anniballi, Giuseppina Della Corte, Marilena Vitale, Fabrizio Pasanisi, Giovanni Annuzzi, Annuzzi, Giovanni, Bozzetto, Lutgarda, Costabile, Giuseppina, Giacco, Rosalba, Mangione, A, Anniballi, G, Vitale, M, Vetrani, Claudia, Cipriano, P, DELLA CORTE, Giuseppina, Pasanisi, Fabrizio, Riccardi, Gabriele, and Rivellese, ANGELA ALBAROSA

Subjects
Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Very low-density lipoprotein, Lipoproteins, Medicine (miscellaneous), Dinoprost, Antioxidants, Body Mass Index, chemistry.chemical_compound, Internal medicine, Fatty Acids, Omega-3, medicine, Humans, Triglycerides, Aged, Dyslipidemias, 2. Zero hunger, chemistry.chemical_classification, Metabolic Syndrome, Nutrition and Dietetics, Triglyceride, Cholesterol, business.industry, food and beverages, Polyphenols, Fasting, Middle Aged, Overweight, medicine.disease, Postprandial Period, 3. Good health, Diet, Oxidative Stress, Endocrinology, Postprandial, Biochemistry, chemistry, Female, Metabolic syndrome, business, Biomarkers, Chylomicron, Polyunsaturated fatty acid, Lipoprotein
Abstract

Background: The postprandial triglyceride-rich lipoprotein (TRL) concentration is a recognized independent cardiovascular disease risk factor. Diet is the natural approach for these postprandial alterations. Dietary polyphenols and long chain n23 polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCn3s) are associated with a lower cardiovascular disease risk. Objective: This randomized controlled study evaluated, in persons with a high risk of cardiovascular disease, the effects of diets naturally rich in polyphenols and/or marine LCn3s on plasma TRLs and urinary 8-isoprostane concentrations, a biomarker of oxidative stress. Design: According to a 2 x 2 factorial design, 86 overweight/obese individuals with a large waist circumference and any other component of the metabolic syndrome were randomly assigned to an isoenergetic diet 1) poor in LCn3s and polyphenols, 2) rich in LCn3s, 3) rich in polyphenols, or 4) rich in LCn3s and polyphenols. The diets were similar in all other components. Before and after the 8-wk intervention, fasting and postmeal TRLs and 8-isoprostane concentrations in 24-h urine samples were measured. Results: Dietary adherence was good in all participants. Polyphenols significantly reduced fasting triglyceride concentrations (2-factor ANOVA) in plasma (P = 0.023) and large very-low-density lipoproteins (VLDLs) ( P = 0.016) and postprandial triglyceride total area under the curve in plasma (P = 0.041) and large VLDLs (P = 0.004). LCn3s reduced postprandial chylomicron cholesterol and VLDL apolipoprotein B-48. The concentrations of urinary 8-isoprostane decreased significantly with the polyphenol-rich diets. Lipoprotein changes induced by the intervention significantly correlated with changes in 8-isoprostane. Conclusions: Diets naturally rich in polyphenols positively influence fasting and postprandial TRLs and reduce oxidative stress. Marine LCn3s reduce TRLs of exogenous origin. Through their effects on postprandial lipemia and oxidative stress, polyphenols may favorably affect cardiovascular disease risk. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00781365. © 2014 American Society for Nutrition.

Published
2014

49. Isoenergetic diets differing in their n-3 fatty acid and polyphenol content reflect different plasma and HDL-fraction lipidomic profiles in subjects at high cardiovascular risk

Author

Lidia Patti, Matej Orešič, Angela A. Rivellese, Tuulia Hyötyläinen, Lutgarda Bozzetto, Claudia Vetrani, Giovanni Annuzzi, Isabel Bondia-Pons, Anna-Marja Aura, Päivi Pöhö, Bondia Pons, Isabel, Pöhö, Päivi, Bozzetto, Lutgarda, Vetrani, Claudia, Patti, Lidia, Aura, Anna Marja, Annuzzi, Giovanni, Hyötyläinen, Tuulia, Rivellese, ANGELA ALBAROSA, and Orešič, Matej

Subjects
Male, law.invention, Body Mass Index, chemistry.chemical_compound, Randomized controlled trial, law, Risk Factors, cardiovascular disease, Cardiac and Cardiovascular Systems, Food science, Gallic acid, Cholesterol homeostasis, Abdominal obesity, chemistry.chemical_classification, Metabolic Syndrome, Nutrition and Dietetics, Kardiologi, Metabolic Syndrome X, Lipid, Middle Aged, Cardiovascular disease, n-3 fatty acids, Lipids, Näringslära, Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Diseases, lipids (amino acids, peptides, and proteins), Female, medicine.symptom, Lipoproteins, HDL, plasmalogens, Biotechnology, Human, Polyphenol, Adult, Biology, n-3 fatty acid, Plasmalogen, SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being, Gallic Acid, Lipidomics, Fatty Acids, Omega-3, medicine, Humans, polyphenols, Aged, Lipidomic, Fatty acid, Polyphenols, Cholesterol, LDL, medicine.disease, Diet, chemistry, lipidomics, Metabolic syndrome, Food Science
Abstract

SCOPE: Dysregulation of lipid homeostasis is related to multiple major healthcare problems. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of n-3 fatty acid (FA) and polyphenol rich diets on plasma and HDL fraction lipidomic profiles in subjects at high cardiovascular risk. METHODS AND RESULTS: Ultra performance LC coupled to quadrupole TOF/MS mass spectrometry global lipidomic profiling was applied to plasma and HDL fraction from an 8 wk randomized intervention with four isoenergetic diets, differing in their natural n-3 FA and polyphenols content, in 78 subjects with a high BMI, abdominal obesity, and at least one other feature of the metabolic syndrome. Dependency network analysis showed a different pattern of associations between lipidomics, dietary, and clinical variables after the dietary interventions. The most remarkable associations between variables were observed after the diet high in n-3 FA and polyphenols, as the inverse association between gallic acid intake and LDL cholesterol levels, which was indirectly associated with a HDL cluster exclusively comprised lysophospholipids. CONCLUSION: This is the first human randomized controlled trial showing direct and indirect associations with lipid molecular species and clinical variables of interest in the evaluation of the metabolic syndrome after diets naturally rich in polyphenols.

Published
2014

50. The energy intake modulates the association of the 55CT polymorphism of UCP3 with body weight in type 2 diabetic patients

Author

E Lapice, A Monticelli, S Cocozza, M Pinelli, A Giacco, A A Rivellese, G Riccardi, O Vaccaro, Lapice, Emanuela, A., Monticelli, Cocozza, Sergio, Pinelli, Michele, Giacco, Angela, Rivellese, ANGELA ALBAROSA, S., Cocozza, Riccardi, Gabriele, and Vaccaro, Olga

Subjects
Adult, Male, Genotype, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Population, Medicine (miscellaneous), Physiology, Physical exercise, Type 2 diabetes, Ion Channels, Body Mass Index, Mitochondrial Proteins, Diabetes mellitus, Weight Loss, medicine, Humans, Uncoupling Protein 3, education, Exercise, Genetic association, Aged, education.field_of_study, Nutrition and Dietetics, Polymorphism, Genetic, business.industry, Body Weight, Reproducibility of Results, Anthropometry, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Diet, Cross-Sectional Studies, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Italy, Body Composition, Female, business, Energy Intake, Body mass index
Abstract

Previous association studies of the -55CT polymorphism of the uncoupling protein 3 (UCP3) gene with body mass index (BMI) have provided inconsistent results. The study aim is twofold: (1) to evaluate the association of the -55CT polymorphism of UCP3 with BMI in two independent populations to verify the reproducibility of the finding; (2) to evaluate whether this association is modulated by energy intake.Study participants are 736 males and females with type 2 diabetes belonging to independent populations (N=394 population 1; N=342 population 2). Anthropometry and laboratory parameters were measured; in population 2, energy intake and physical exercise were also assessed.The -55CT polymorphism was associated with a significantly lower BMI in population 1 (27.8±3.9 vs 28.9±4.6 kg m(-2); P0.02), the finding was confirmed in population 2 (that is, 30.3±6.0 vs 32.1±5.9 kg m(-2); P0.01) independent of gender, age, HbA1c, use of drugs and energy intake. To evaluate the role of diet in population 2, the study participants were stratified by genotype and tertiles of energy intake. In both genotype groups, BMI increased with increasing caloric intake with a significant trend (P0.001), the BMI difference between the two genotype groups was large and statistically significant in the lower tertile (27.6 vs 31.2 kg m(-2); P0.001), intermediate in the second tertile and negligible in the upper tertile (32.8 vs 32.9; kg m(-2); nonsignificant). The multivariate regression analysis confirmed a significant interaction between genotype and energy intake as correlates of BMI independent of age, gender, glucose control, physical activity and medications for diabetes (P=0.004).The study replicates in two independent populations the association between the -55CT polymorphism of UCP3 and a lower BMI. This association was modulated by energy intake, thus suggesting that the unmeasured effect of diet may partly account for inconsistencies of prior association studies.

Published
2014

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