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Es común que las familias enfrenten dificultades para llevar a cabo funciones de cuidado y para satisfacer necesidades de afecto, establecer límites y todo lo que implica ejercer prácticas de crianza que lleven al desarrollo de adolescentes funcionales y emocionalmente estables. La atención a este grupo etario requiere de profesionales que otorguen atención integral y de calidad desde las perspectivas biológica, psicológica y social, así como la promoción de factores protectores, el fomento de acciones de autocuidado y la resiliencia. Se ha documentado que existen estilos de crianza que representan un factor de riesgo para el desarrollo de trastornos afectivos, consumo de sustancias, somatización, trastornos de alimentación y trastornos de aprendizaje, entre otros; sin embargo, en la práctica de la Medicina Familiar no se toman en cuenta como un factor de riesgo. Dado este escenario, se realizó una revisión bibliográfica de artículos con los temas de ciclo vital familiar, estilos de crianza y adolescencia; paralelo a esto, se propone el uso de herramientas para la evaluación de estilos de crianza en niños y adolescentes como apoyo en la consulta enfocada a determinar factores de riesgo.

Oxidative stress is a major factor related to the development of inflammatory diseases, which have traditionally been treated with medicinal plants. Given this relationship, into the research of natural antioxidant sources, the antioxidant capacity profiles of 11 species used in traditional medicine as anti-inflammatories were determined. The antioxidant capacity profile was investigated by using different methodologies that consider electron transfer mechanisms (ET), such as stabilization of the DPPH radical, ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC), and hydrogen atom transfer mechanisms (HAT) such as oxygen radical absorption capacity (ORAC) and the inhibition of lipid peroxidation of lipoproteins through the assessment of conjugated dienes and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS). Additionally, the total polyphenol content by the Folin–Ciocalteu method was determined, and the correlation between antioxidant capacity and polyphenol content was estimated. The best amounts of total phenolics and maximum values found in DPPH, FRAP, TEAC, and inhibition of lipid oxidation tests were for extracts of Tibouchina kingii , Pseudelephantopus spiralis , and Mimosa albida . Correlation between polyphenol content with ET tests was observed ( r 2 > 0.85, p

The antiprotozoal activity of 26 ethanol extracts derived from 13 species of the genus Bomarea (Alstroemeriaceae) were evaluated against the promastigote forms of three Leishmania species (L. amazonensis L., L. braziliensis Vianna, and L. donovani Laveran & Mesnil) and the epimastigote form of Trypanosoma cruzi Chagas. IC50 values for leishmanicidal activities were between 4.9 and 98.6 μ g/mL, B. setacea extracts being the most active against the three species of Leishmania. Amphotericin B (IC50 = 0.2 μ g/mL) and pentamidine (IC50 = 10 μ g/mL) were used as control in this assay. IC50 values for antitrypanosomal activities were between 65.2 and 92.7 μ g/mL, whereas the control benznidazole had an IC50 value of 2 μ g/mL.

Ethnobotanical and chemotaxonomical studies for antiparasitic activity of Colombian Annonaceae were carried out. In vitro antiprotozoal activity of 36 extracts obtained from six different species was determined against promastigotes of three Leishmania species, epimastigotes of Trypanosoma cruzi and both chloroquine sensitive (F32) and resistant (W2) Plasmodium falciparum. Cytotoxic activity was evaluated in U-937 cells. Active extracts were selected according their selectivity index (SI). Extracts from Annona muricata, Rollinia exsucca, Rollinia pittieri and Xylopia aromatica were active against Leishmania spp. and Trypanosoma cruzi showing IC50 values lower than 25 microg/ml. Hexane extract from Rollinia pittieri leaves was the most selective against Trypanosoma cruzi and Leishmania spp. (IS=10 and 16, respectively). The extracts from Desmopsis panamensis, Pseudomalmea boyacana, Rollinia exsucca and Rollinia pittieri showed good antiplasmodial activity (IC50 < 10 microg/ml). No correlation between antiplasmodial activity and inhibition of beta-hematin production was found. The present study gives specific and useful information about antiprotozoal and cytotoxic activities of some Annonaceae extracts. Results presented here also demonstrate which plants and/or plant parts could be useful in the treatment of leishmaniasis, Chagas' disease and malaria.