1. Cross-Sectional and Longitudinal Examination of Insulin Sensitivity and Secretion across Puberty among Non-Hispanic Black and White Children
- Author
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Susan Z. Yanovski, Shannon E. Marwitz, Megan V Gaines, Miranda M. Broadney, Jack A. Yanovski, Sarah J. Mi, Van S. Hubbard, and Sheila M. Brady
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,puberty ,insulin secretion ,Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Black People ,030209 endocrinology & metabolism ,Convenience sample ,lcsh:Diseases of the endocrine glands. Clinical endocrinology ,White People ,Young Adult ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Endocrinology ,Insulin resistance ,Insulin-Secreting Cells ,Internal medicine ,insulin resistance ,medicine ,Humans ,Insulin ,Longitudinal Studies ,Insulin secretion ,child ,lcsh:RC648-665 ,business.industry ,glucose clamp techniques ,Insulin sensitivity ,Overweight ,medicine.disease ,United States ,Cross-Sectional Studies ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,adolescent ,Clinical Study ,Female ,Original Article ,business ,Early puberty - Abstract
Background: Few studies using criterion measures of insulin sensitivity (SI) and insulin secretory capacity (ISC) have been conducted across puberty to adulthood. We examined how SI and ISC change from pre-puberty through adulthood.Methods: Hyperglycemic clamp studies were performed in a convenience sample of non-Hispanic Black (NHB) and White children evaluated at age 6 to 12 years and at approximately 5-year intervals into adulthood (maximum age 27 years). SI and ISC (first-phase and steady-state insulin secretion) were determined cross-sectionally in 133 unique participants across puberty and in adulthood. Additionally, longitudinal changes in SI and ISC were compared at two timepoints among three groups defined by changes in pubertal development: pre-pubertal at baseline and late-pubertal at follow-up (n=27), early-pubertal at baseline and late-pubertal at follow-up (n=27), and late-pubertal at baseline and adult at follow-up (n=24).Results: Cross-sectionally, SI was highest in pre-puberty and early puberty and lowest in mid-puberty (analysis of covariance [ANCOVA] P=0.001). Longitudinally, SI decreased from pre-puberty to late puberty (PPPP=0.003) and greater first-phase and steady-state ISC (P≤0.001), independent of pubertal development.Conclusion: This study confirms that SI decreases and ISC increases transiently during puberty and shows that these changes largely resolve in adulthood.
- Published
- 2020