454 results on '"Lee T."'
Search Results
2. [A medico-historical review on biomedicine and its limitations and problems].
- Author
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Lee TJ
- Subjects
- History, Ancient, History, Early Modern 1451-1600, History, Medieval, History, Modern 1601-, Medicine, Science history
- Abstract
Biomedicine is a conceptualized technical term for current medicine in a historical perspective. Physics, chemistry and biology are considered to be the sciences basic to biomedicine. This medical model depends essentially on a mechanistic approach based on understanding of the structure and function or the body. The biomedical model assumes that illness can be explained in terms of morphological, physiological and biochemical derangements or dysfunctions (a reductionist concept of disease). As medicine of primitive ages and ancient times can be conceptualized in terms of witch-philosophical medicine, medicine of the Middle Ages can be conceptualized in terms of religious medicine. The early steps by which modern medical sciences have been gradually built up appeared in the 10th and 17th century. In those ages direction and methodology forward scientific medicine were established. Medicine of Renaissance ages can be conceptualized in terms of mechanical medicine. Remarkable progress has been made in biomedicine in the last three centuries. ...
- Published
- 1993
3. Impact of inter-physician communication on the effectiveness of medical consultations.
- Author
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Lee T, Pappius EM, and Goldman L
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- Boston, Humans, Interprofessional Relations, Prospective Studies, Quality of Health Care, Communication, Internship and Residency, Medical Staff, Hospital, Medicine, Referral and Consultation, Specialization
- Abstract
To evaluate the impact of the inter-physician communication on the effectiveness of consultations, consultations performed by general and subspecialty medical consultation services for one week both early and late in the academic year were prospectively evaluated. Physicians commonly requested consultations to get advice on diagnosis (56 percent), advice on management (37 percent), or assistance in arranging or performing a procedure or test (20 percent). Despite our very liberal definitions, the requesting physician and the consultant completely disagreed on both the reason for the consultation and the principal clinical issue in 22 (14 percent) of 156 consultations. Consultants were twice as likely as the requesting physicians to rate consultations as crucial for management (35 percent versus 18 percent, p = 0.001) because they gave significantly higher ratings when they and the requesting physicians did not agree on the reasons for consultation. Consultations ordered for very specific purposes, such as assistance in arranging or performing a test, were rated significantly higher by the requesting physicians. It was found that breakdowns in communication are not uncommon in the consultation process and may adversely affect patient care, cost effectiveness, and education.
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- 1983
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. The doctor in Chinese drama.
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LEE T
- Subjects
- Humans, Drama, Medicine, Physicians
- Published
- 1950
5. Barbary macaques show sex-related differences in body weight based on anthropogenic food exposure despite comparable female–male stable isotope ratios
- Author
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Sana T. Saiyed, Agustin Fuentes, Eric Shaw, Mark R. Schurr, and Lee T. Gettler
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Medicine ,Science - Abstract
Abstract As the human–primate interface expands, many nonhuman primate (NHP) populations exploit anthropogenic foods to survive, while some populations opportunistically target them. Though anthropogenic food consumption is sometimes associated with greater reproductive output and survival in these populations, there is a dearth of research on possible health effects. We explore how differential exposure to anthropogenic foods is linked to variation in isotopic compositions (δ13C and δ15N) and body weights in Barbary macaques (Macaca sylvanus) in the Upper Rock Nature Reserve, Gibraltar. We placed monkeys into three categories based on anthropogenic food exposure. We then analyzed individuals for isotopic signatures (N = 147) and body weight measurements (N = 80). Using the lowest exposure category as the comparison, we found body weights and δ15N values, but not δ13C values, significantly differed across key categories. Within categories, we found no significant associations between sex and δ13C or δ15N values, suggesting that individuals within categories consumed similar foods regardless of sex. We found a significant interaction effect between category and sex for predicting body weights. These results suggest that sex plays a role in how anthropogenic foods are accessed and consumed regardless of exposure, which may result in differential health profiles for female and male macaques.
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- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. Evidence for an emotional adaptive function of dreams: a cross-cultural study
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David R. Samson, Alice Clerget, Noor Abbas, Jeffrey Senese, Mallika S. Sarma, Sheina Lew-Levy, Ibrahim A. Mabulla, Audax Z. P. Mabulla, Valchy Miegakanda, Francesca Borghese, Pauline Henckaerts, Sophie Schwartz, Virginie Sterpenich, Lee T. Gettler, Adam Boyette, Alyssa N. Crittenden, and Lampros Perogamvros
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Medicine ,Science - Abstract
Abstract The function of dreams is a longstanding scientific research question. Simulation theories of dream function, which are based on the premise that dreams represent evolutionary past selective pressures and fitness improvement through modified states of consciousness, have yet to be tested in cross-cultural populations that include small-scale forager societies. Here, we analyze dream content with cross-cultural comparisons between the BaYaka (Rep. of Congo) and Hadza (Tanzania) foraging groups and Global North populations, to test the hypothesis that dreams in forager groups serve a more effective emotion regulation function due to their strong social norms and high interpersonal support. Using a linear mixed effects model we analyzed 896 dreams from 234 individuals across these populations, recorded using dream diaries. Dream texts were processed into four psychosocial constructs using the Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count (LIWC-22) dictionary. The BaYaka displayed greater community-oriented dream content. Both the BaYaka and Hadza exhibited heightened threat dream content, while, at the same time, the Hadza demonstrated low negative emotions in their dreams. The Global North Nightmare Disorder group had increased negative emotion content, and the Canadian student sample during the COVID-19 pandemic displayed the highest anxiety dream content. In conclusion, this study supports the notion that dreams in non-clinical populations can effectively regulate emotions by linking potential threats with non-fearful contexts, reducing anxiety and negative emotions through emotional release or catharsis. Overall, this work contributes to our understanding of the evolutionary significance of this altered state of consciousness.
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- 2023
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7. Gender differences in BaYaka forager sleep-wake patterns in forest and village contexts
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Erica Kilius, David R. Samson, Sheina Lew-Levy, Mallika S. Sarma, Ujas A. Patel, Yann R. Ouamba, Valchy Miegakanda, Lee T. Gettler, and Adam H. Boyette
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Medicine ,Science - Abstract
Abstract Sleep studies in small-scale subsistence societies have broadened our understanding of cross-cultural sleep patterns, revealing the flexibility of human sleep. We examined sleep biology among BaYaka foragers from the Republic of Congo who move between environmentally similar but socio-ecologically distinct locations to access seasonal resources. We analyzed the sleep–wake patterns of 51 individuals as they resided in a village location (n = 39) and a forest camp (n = 23) (362 nights total). Overall, BaYaka exhibited high sleep fragmentation (50.5) and short total sleep time (5.94 h), suggestive of segmented sleep patterns. Sleep duration did not differ between locations, although poorer sleep quality was exhibited in the village. Linear mixed effect models demonstrated that women’s sleep differed significantly from men’s in the forest, with longer total sleep time (β ± SE = − 0.22 ± 0.09, confidence interval (CI) = [− 0.4, − 0.03]), and higher sleep quality (efficiency; β ± SE = − 0.24 ± 0.09, CI = [− 0.42, − 0.05]). These findings may be due to gender-specific social and economic activities. Circadian rhythms were consistent between locations, with women exhibiting stronger circadian stability. We highlight the importance of considering intra-cultural variation in sleep–wake patterns when taking sleep research into the field.
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- 2021
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8. Accuracy of the Scratch Collapse Test for Carpal Tunnel Syndrome in Comparison With Electrodiagnostic Studies
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James F. Howard, Lee T. Shuping, Daniel G. Areson, Matthew Harris, Rebecca Traub, and William Filer
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medicine.medical_specialty ,Weakness ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Neural Conduction ,Physical examination ,Electromyography ,030230 surgery ,Sensitivity and Specificity ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,medicine ,Humans ,Orthopedics and Sports Medicine ,Medical history ,Carpal tunnel syndrome ,Neurologic Examination ,Surgery Articles ,030222 orthopedics ,Rehabilitation ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,business.industry ,Electrodiagnosis ,medicine.disease ,Carpal Tunnel Syndrome ,Test (assessment) ,Nerve conduction study ,Surgery ,Radiology ,medicine.symptom ,business - Abstract
Background: The scratch collapse test (SCT) is a clinical examination maneuver that has been previously reported as a reliable and reproducible test to diagnose carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS). The initial study by Cheng et al in 2008 showed a simple test with high sensitivity. However, subsequent attempts to reproduce those findings have resulted in lower accuracy. Our goal was to evaluate the use of the SCT for patients presenting with symptoms of pain, numbness, or weakness in an upper extremity. Methods: Forty patients were referred to the electrodiagnostic (EDX) lab for evaluation of an upper extremity. One blinded examiner who was familiar with the maneuver performed the SCT on all 40 patients. Another physician or technician performed the nerve conduction study and electromyography. Patient history and accompanying physical examination findings were not revealed to the SCT examiner. Results: The relationship between the SCT performed by a blinded examiner and the EDX performed by blinded examiners was nonsignificant ( P = .676) and showed a sensitivity of 0.48, specificity of 0.59, positive predictive value of 0.61, and negative predictive value of 0.45. Conclusion: Based on this study and previous findings by other authors, we would advise against the use of the SCT in CTS for important patient-care decisions, such as surgical decision-making, until future research is done. It is possible that the SCT, in combination with other physical examination maneuvers, could increase diagnostic accuracy and enhance patient management.
- Published
- 2023
9. COVID-19 and the risk of homicide-suicide among older adults
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Elias Ghossoub, Rita Khoury, and Mary-Lee T. Wakim
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2019-20 coronavirus outbreak ,Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) ,business.industry ,Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) ,Homicide suicide ,Medicine ,business ,Demography - Abstract
Identify patients who are at risk, and implement measures to protect them.
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- 2021
10. Nanoparticle-Based Strategies to Combat COVID-19
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Medhi, Riddhiman, Srinoi, Pannaree, Ngo, Nhat, Tran, Hung-Vu, and Lee, T. Randall
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Feline coronavirus ,viruses ,coronavirus ,Infectious bronchitis virus ,Review ,medicine.disease_cause ,drugs ,Virus ,antiviral therapy ,diagnostics ,medicine ,Coronaviridae ,General Materials Science ,Coronavirus ,biology ,SARS-CoV-2 ,business.industry ,COVID-19 ,virus diseases ,vaccines ,Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus ,biology.organism_classification ,medicine.disease ,Virology ,Middle East respiratory syndrome ,nanoparticles ,Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus ,business - Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is the worst pandemic disease of the current millennium. This disease is caused by the highly contagious severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which first exhibited human-to-human transmission in December 2019 and has infected millions of people within months across 213 different countries. Its ability to be transmitted by asymptomatic carriers has put a massive strain on the currently available testing resources. Currently, there are no clinically proven therapeutic methods that clearly inhibit the effects of this virus, and COVID-19 vaccines are still in the development phase. Strategies need to be explored to expand testing capacities, to develop effective therapeutics, and to develop safe vaccines that provide lasting immunity. Nanoparticles (NPs) have been widely used in many medical applications, such as biosensing, drug delivery, imaging, and antimicrobial treatment. SARS-CoV-2 is an enveloped virus with particle-like characteristics and a diameter of 60–140 nm. Synthetic NPs can closely mimic the virus and interact strongly with its proteins due to their morphological similarities. Hence, NP-based strategies for tackling this virus have immense potential. NPs have been previously found to be effective tools against many viruses, especially against those from the Coronaviridae family. This Review outlines the role of NPs in diagnostics, therapeutics, and vaccination for the other two epidemic coronaviruses, the 2003 severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) virus and the 2012 Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) virus. We also highlight nanomaterial-based approaches to address other coronaviruses, such as human coronaviruses (HCoVs); feline coronavirus (FCoV); avian coronavirus infectious bronchitis virus (IBV); coronavirus models, such as porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV), porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV), and transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV); and other viruses that share similarities with SARS-CoV-2. This Review combines the salient principles from previous antiviral studies with recent research conducted on SARS-CoV-2 to outline NP-based strategies that can be used to combat COVID-19 and similar pandemics in the future.
- Published
- 2020
11. Endoscopic ultrasound‐guided hepaticogastrostomy using a partially covered metal stent in patients with malignant biliary obstruction after failed Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography
- Author
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Lee T See, Haniza Omar, and James Emmanuel
- Subjects
Endoscopic ultrasound ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Biliary drainage ,Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography ,Hepatology ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,partially covered metal stent ,business.industry ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Gastroenterology ,Stent ,Retrospective cohort study ,Original Articles ,digestive system diseases ,Surgery ,Hepaticogastrostomy ,Medicine ,malignant biliary obstruction ,In patient ,Original Article ,Bilirubin levels ,business ,endoscopic ultrasound‐guided biliary drainage - Abstract
Background and Aim The advent of endoscopic ultrasound‐guided biliary drainage (EUS‐BD) has provided an inimitable alternative for gaining biliary access in patients who fail conventional endoscopic drainage. The antimigratory features of the partially covered metal stent (PCMS), namely, the flange head and uncovered portion of the stent, makes it a valuable option in patients undergoing EUS‐guided hepaticogastrostomy (EUS‐HGS). The aim of the study is to evaluate the clinical outcome of EUS‐BD via the hepaticogastrostomy approach using PCMS in patients with malignant biliary obstruction after failed ERCP. Methods This is a single‐center retrospective observational study of patients with malignant biliary obstruction undergoing EUS‐HGS after failed ERCP between January 2018 and May 2019. The end‐point of the study was to assess the technical and clinical success rate, as well as the stent‐ and procedure‐related complications. Results There were 20 subjects in this study. The average age was 71.8 ± 7.6 years. Most patients were male, 16 (80%). Inaccessible papillae was the most common indication for this procedure, 16 (80%). Technical success was achieved in all patients. The average procedural time was 39.9 ± 1.3 min. Mean preprocedural bilirubin levels were 348.6 ± 28.8 and subsequently decreased to 108.94 ± 37.1 μmol/L at 2 weeks postprocedure. The clinical success rate was 95% (19/20), with one patient requiring percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage (PTBD). There were no stent‐ or procedure‐related complications reported in this study. Conclusion EUS‐HGS with PCMS is a feasible, effective, and safe alternative for biliary decompression in patients with failed endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP)., The partially covered metal stent (PCMS) with the covered distal transgastric portion and the proximal uncovered portion within the intrahepatic ducts.
- Published
- 2020
12. Evolutionary life history theory as an organising framework for cohort studies: insights from the Cebu Longitudinal Health and Nutrition Survey
- Author
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Linda S. Adair, Julienne N. Rutherford, Daniel Eisenberg, Delia B. Carba, Thomas W. McDade, Judith B. Borja, Elizabeth A. Quinn, Christopher W. Kuzawa, Nanette R. Lee, Lee T. Gettler, Alexander V. Georgiev, Sonny Agustin Bechayda, Paulita Duazo, Calen P. Ryan, and Stacy Rosenbaum
- Subjects
Male ,Gerontology ,Aging ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Physiology ,Epidemiology ,Philippines ,Disease ,Life history theory ,Cohort Studies ,Genetics ,medicine ,Humans ,Nutrition survey ,Longitudinal Studies ,Life History Traits ,Reproduction ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,Telomere ,Nutrition Surveys ,Biological Evolution ,Health Surveys ,Hormones ,Time course ,Female ,Tracking (education) ,Psychology ,Biomarkers ,Cohort study - Abstract
By tracking a group of individuals through time, cohort studies provide fundamental insights into the developmental time course and causes of health and disease. Evolutionary life history theory seeks to explain patterns of growth, development, reproduction and senescence, and inspires a range of hypotheses that are testable using the longitudinal data from cohort studies. Here we review two decades of life history theory-motivated work conducted in collaboration with the Cebu Longitudinal Health and Nutrition Survey (CLHNS), a birth cohort study that enrolled more than 3000 pregnant women in the Philippines in 1983 and has since followed these women, their offspring and grandoffspring. This work has provided evidence that reproduction carries "costs" to cellular maintenance functions, potentially speeding senescence, and revealed an unusual form of genetic plasticity in which the length of telomeres inherited across generations is influenced by reproductive timing in paternal ancestors. Men in Cebu experience hormonal and behavioural changes in conjunction with changes in relationship and fatherhood status that are consistent with predictions based upon other species that practice bi-parental care. The theoretical expectation that early life cues of mortality or environmental unpredictability will motivate a "fast" life history strategy are confirmed for behavioural components of reproductive decision making, but not for maturational tempo, while our work points to a broader capacity for early life developmental calibration of systems like immunity, reproductive biology and metabolism. Our CLHNS findings illustrate the power of life history theory as an integrative, lifecourse framework to guide longitudinal studies of human populations.
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- 2020
13. Emodin and shikonin (quinones): an overview of their chemistry, plant sources, pharmacology and cytotoxic activities against lung cancer
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Chen Wai Wong, Eric Wei Chiang Chan, Joash Ban Lee T, Yew Woh Hui, and Siu Kuin Wong
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chemistry.chemical_compound ,Chemistry ,medicine ,Pharmaceutical Science ,Cytotoxic T cell ,Pharmacology ,Emodin ,Lung cancer ,medicine.disease ,Plant Sources - Published
- 2020
14. Surgical site infection after gastrointestinal surgery in children: An international, multicentre, prospective cohort study
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Harrison E. M., Drake T. M., Ghosh D., Ademuyiwa A. O., Bhangu A., Fitzgerald J. E., Glasbey J., Borda-Luque G., Costas-Chavarri A., Ntirenganya F., Fergusson S. J., Ingabire J. C. A., Ismail L., Lilford R., Mihaljevic A. L., Morton D., Mutabazi A. Z., Adisa A. O., Ots R., Pinkney T., Poskus T., Shaw C. A., Verjee A., Runigamugabo E., Khatri C., Mohan M., Jaffry Z., Altamini A., Kirby A., Soreide K., Cornick J., Iyer D., King S., Arthur T., Nahar S. N., Waterman A., Lawini I., Rouse T., Correa J. C., Salem H. K., Worku M., Arnaud A., Kalles V., Aguilera M. L., Recinos G., Quek R., Altibi A., Whitaker J., Bent Z., Al-Slaibi I., Tahboub H., Alser O. H., Shu S., Mironescu A., Bratu M., Altwijri A., Alsaggaf M. U., Jubran A. F., Seisay S., Jeyakumar J., Senanayake K., Abdulbagi O., Raptis D., Kong C., Suresh S., Scott M., Grizhja B., Ymeri S., Galiqi G., Klappenbach R., Antezana D., Beleno A. E. M., Costa C., Sanchez B., Aviles S., Modolo M. M., Fermani C. G., Balmaceda R., Villalobos S., Carmona J. M., Hamill D., Deutschmann P., Sandler S., Cox D., Nataraja R., Sharpin C., Ljuhar D., Gray D., Haines M., Niranjan N., D'Amours S., Ashtari M., Franco H., Mitul A. R., Karim S., Aman N. F., Estee M. M., Salma U., Razzaque J., Hamidkanta T., Tori S., Alamin Md. S., Roy S., Al Amin Md. S., Haque M., Faruq A., Iftekhar F., O'Shea M., Padmore G., Jonnalagadda R., Litvin A., Filatau A., Paulouski D., Shubianok M., Shachykava T., Khokha D., Khokha V., Djivoh F., Lawani I., Dossou F., Seto D. M., Gbessi D. G., Noukpozounkou B., Souaibou Y. I., Keke K. R., Hodonou F., Ahounou E., Alihonou T., Denakpo M., Ahlonsou G., Bedada A. G., Nsengiyumva C., Kwizera S., Barendegere V., Choi P., Stock S., Jamal L., Firdouse M., Zani A., Azzie G., Kushwaha S., Agarwal A., Chen T. -L., Yip C., Montes I., Zapata F., Sierra S., Lanau M. I. V., Arango M. C. M., Restrepo I. M., Giraldo R. S. R., Mendozaarango M., Domini E., Karlo R., Mihanovic J., Youssef M., Elfeki H., Thabet W., Sanad A., Tawfik G., Zaki A., Abdel-Hameed N., Mostafa M., Omar M. F. W., Ghanem A., Abdallah E., Denewer A., Emara E., Rashad E., Sakr A., Elashry R., Emile S., Khafagy T., Elhamouly S., Elfarargy A., Mamdouhmohamed A., Saiednagy G., Esam A., Elwy E., Hammad A., Khallaf S., Ibrahim E., Saidbadr A., Moustafa A., Eldosoukymohammed A., Elgheriany M., Abdelmageed E., Al Raouf E. A., Elbanby E., Elmasry M., Morsyfarahat M., Yahyamansor E., Magdyhegazy E., Gamal E., Gamal H., Kandil H., Maherabdelrouf D., Moaty M., Gamal D., El-Sagheer N., Salah M., Magdy S., Salah A., Essam A., Ali A., Badawy M., Ahmed S., Mohamed M., Assal A., Sleem M., Ebidy M., Abdelrazek A., Zahran D., Adam N., Nazir M., Hassanein A. B., Ismail A., Elsawy A., Mamdouh R., Mabrouk M., Ahmed L. A. M., Hassabalnaby M., Magdy E., Abd-Elmawla M., Fahim M., Mowafy B., Mahmoud M. I., Allam M., Alkelani M., El Gendy N. H., Aboul-Naga M. S., Alaael-Din R., Elgendy A. H., Ismail M., Shalaby M., Elsharkawy A. A., Moghazy M. E., Elbisomy K. H., Shakshouk H. A. G., Hamed M. F., Ebidy M. M., Abdelkader M., Karkeet M., Ahmed H., Adel I., Omar M. E., Ibrahim M., Ghoneim O., Hesham O., Gamal S., Hilal K., Arafa O., Awad S. A., Salem M., Elsherif F. A., Elsabbagh N., Aboelsoud M. R., Rida A. H. E. F., Hossameldin A., Hany E., Asar Y. H., Anwar N., Gadelkarim M., Abdelhady S., Morshedy E. M., Saad R., Soliman N., Salama M., Ezzat E., Mohamed A., Ibrahim A., Fergany A., Mohammed S., Reda A., Allam Y., Saad H. A., Abdelfatah A., Fathy A. M., El-Sehily A., Kasem E. A., Hassan A. T. A., Mohammed A. R., Saad A. G., Elfouly Y., Elfouly N., Hassaan A., Mohammed M. M., Elhoseny G., Magdy M., Elkhalek E. A., Zakaria Y., Ezzat T., El Dahab A. A., Kelany M., Arafa S., Hassan O. M. M., Badwi N. M., Sleem A. S., Abdelbadeai K., Abdullah M. A., Lokman M., Bahar S., Radyabdelazeam A., Adelshone A., Hasnan M. B., Zulkifli A., Kamarulzamil S. N. A., Elhendawy A., Latif A., Adnan A. B., Shaharuddin S., Majid A. H. H. A., Amreia M., Al-Marakby D., Salma M., Basir E. R. M., Ali C. D. M., Ata A. Y., Nasr M., Rezq A., Sheta A., Tariq S., Sallam A., Darwish A. K. Z., Elmihy S., El Hadry S., Farag A., Hajah H., Seliem A., Aglan A., Zohair A., Essam M., Moussa O., El-Gizawy E., Samy M., Ali S., Elhalawany E., Ata A., Elhalawany M., Nashat M., Soliman S., Elazab A., Abdelaziz M. A., Ibrahim K., Ibrahim A. M., Gado A., Hantour U., Eldeen E. A., Loaloa M. R., Abouzaid A., Ahmedbahaaeldin M., Hashad E., Sroor F., Gamil D., Mahmoudabdulhakeem E., Zakaria M., Mohamed F., Abubakr M., Ali E., Magdy H., Ramadan M., Abdelatymohamed M., Mansour S., Abdulazizamin H., Rabiemohamed A., Saami M., Ahmedredaelsayed N., Tarek A., Mohyeldeenmahmoud S., El Sayed I. M., Yusufshawky M., Mousasalem M., El-Din S. A., Soliman N. A., Talaat M., Abdelmoenelhusseiny S. A. -D. A., Abdullah N., Elshaar M., Abdelfatahibraheem A., Abdulaziz H., Ismail M. K., Hamdymadkor M., Abdelaty M., Kader S. M., Mohamedsalah O., Eldafrawy M., Zakieldeeb A., Mahmoudeid M., Attia A., El-Dien K. S., Shwky A., Badenjki M. A., Soliman A., Al Attar S. M., Sayed F., Abdelsabour F., Azizeldine M. G., Shawqi M., Hashim A., Aamer A., Raouf A. M. A., Abdelshakour M., Mahmoud B., Mahmoud M. A., Qenawy M., Rashed A. M., Dahy A., Sayed M., Shamsedine A. W., Mohamed B., Hasan A., Saad M. M., Abdulbassit K., Khalidabdelatif N., Elzahed N., Elkashash A., Bekhet N. M., Hafez S., Gad A., Maher M. E., Abdelsameea A., Hafez M., Sabe A., Ahmed A., Shahine A., Dawood K., Gaafar S., Husseiny R., Aboelmagd O., Mesbah N., Emadeldin H., Almeligy A., Bekhet A. H., Hasan D., Alhady K., Sabe A. K., Elnajjar M. A., Aboelella M., Hamsho W., Hassan I., Saad H., Abdelazim G., Mahmoud H., Wael N., Kandil A. M., Magdy A., Saidelkholy S., Adel B., Dabbour K., Elsherbiney S., Mattar O., Abdrabou A. K., Aly M. Y. M., Geuoshy A., Elnagar A., Abdelmotaleb I., Saleh A. A., Mohammedbakry H., Saeed M., Mahmoud S., Tawfik B., Ismail S. A., Zakaria E., Gad M. O., Elhelbawy M., Bassem M., Khaledabdel-Latif N., Maraie N., Elhadary N. M., Semeda N., Rabiemohamed S., Bakry H. M., Essam A. A., Tarek D., Ashour K., Elhadad A., Abdel-Aty A., Rakha I., Matter S. M., Abdelhamed R., Abdelkader O., Soliman Y., Ghanem S., Farouk S. A. M., Ibrahim E. M., El-Taher E., Mahrousbadr M., El-Sawy R. E. A., Bakr A., Al Rafati A. A. R., Saar S., Reinsoo A., Talving P., Seyoum N., Worku T., Fitsum A., Tolonen M., Leppaniemi A., Sallinen V., Parmentier B., Peycelon M., Irtan S., Dardenne S., Robert E., Maillot B., Courboin E., Arnaud A. P., Hascoet J., Abbo O., Kaci A. A., Prudhomme T., Ballouhey Q., Grosos C., Fourcade L., Cecilia T., Jean-Francois C., Helene F. -C., Delforge X., Haraux E., Dousset B., Schiavone R., Gaujoux S., Marret J. -B., Haffreingue A., Rod J., Renaux-Petel M., Lecompte J. -F., Breaud J., Gastaldi P., Taieb C., Claire R., Anis E., Bustangi N., Lopez M., Scalabre A., Grella M. G., Mariani A., Podevin G., Schmitt F., Hervieux E., Broch A., Muller C., Tabiri S., Kojo A. T. T., Bandoh D., Abantanga F., Kyereh M., Asumah H., Appiah E. K., Wondoh P., Gyedu A., Dally C., Amoah K. A. M., Yifieyeh A., Agbedinu K., Owusu F., Amoako-Boateng M., Dayie M., Hagan R., Debrah S., Ohene-Yeboah M., Clegg-Lampety J. -N., Etwire V., Dakubo J., Essoun S., Bonney W., Glover-Addy H., Osei-Nketiah S., Amoako J., Adu-Aryee N., Appeadu-Mensah W., Bediako-Bowan A., Dedey F., Ekow M., Akatibo E., Yakubu M., Kordorwu H. E. K., Asare-Bediako K., Tackie E., Aaniana K., Acquah E., Opoku-Agyeman R., Avoka A., Kusi K., Maison K., Gyamfi F. 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A., Mingrone P., Pata D., Selvaggi F., Selvaggi L., Pellino G., Di Martino N., Curletti G., Aonzo P., Galleano R., Berti S., Francone E., Boni S., Lorenzon L., Lo Conte A., Balducci G., Confalonieri G., Pesenti G., Gavagna L., Vasquez G., Targa S., Occhionorelli S., Andreotti D., Pata G., Aquilino F., Chetta N., Picciariello A., Abdelkhalek M., Belli A., de Franciscis S., Bigaran A., Favero A., Basso S. M. M., Salusso P., Perino M., Mochet S., Sasia D., Riente F., Migliore M., Merlini D., Basilico S., Corbellini C., Lazzari V., Macchitella Y., Bonavina L., Angelieri D., Coletta D., Falaschi F., Catani M., Reali C., Malavenda M., Del Basso C., Ribaldi S., Coletti M., Natili A., Depalma N., Iannone I., Antoniozzi A., Rossi D., Gui D., Perrotta G., Ripa M., Giardino F. R., Foco M., Vicario E., Coccolini F., Ansaloni L., Nita G. 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J., Gaizauskas V., Grisin E., Mazrimas P., Rackauskas R., Drungilas M., Lagunavicius K., Lipnickas V., Majauskyte D., Jotautas V., Abaliksta T., Uscinas L., Simutis G., Ladukas A., Danys D., Laugzemys E., Mikalauskas S., Sruogiene E. Z., Visinskas P., Zilinskiene R., Dragatas D., Burmistrovas A., Tverskis Z., Vaicius A., Mazelyte R., Zadoroznas A., Kaselis N., Ziubryte G., Rahantasoa F. C. F. P., Samison L. H., Rasoaherinomenjanahary F., Tolotra T. E. C., Mukuzunga C., Msosa V., Kwatiwani C., Msiska N., Chai F. Y., Asilah S. M. D., Syibrah K. Z., Chin P. X., Salleh A., Riswan N. Z., Roslani A. C., Chong H. -Y., Aziz N. A., Poh K. -S., Chai C. -A., Taher M. M., Kosai N. R., Aziz D. N. A., Rajan R., Julaihi R., Jethwani D. L., Yahaya M. T., Abdullah N. A. N., Mathew S. W., Chung K. J., Nirumal M. K., Tze R. G. E., Ali S. A. W. E. W., Gan Y. Y., Ting J. R. S., Sii S. S. Y., Koay K. L., Tan Y. K., Cheah A. E. Z., Wong C. Y., Mat T. N. T., Chow C. Y. N., Har P. A. L., Der Y., Tew Y. 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O., Oshati O., Ihediwa G., Adenekan B., Nwinee V., Alakaloko F., Ademuyiwa A., Elebute O., Lawal A., Bode C., Olugbemi M., Adesina A., Faturoti O., Odutola O., Adebola O., Onuoha C., Taiwo O., Williams O., Balogun F., Ajai O., Oludara M., Njokanma I., Osuoji R., Kache S., Ajah J., Makama J., Adamu A., Baba S., Aliyu M., Aliyu S., Ukwenya Y., Aliyu H., Sholadoye T., Daniyan M., Ogunsua O., Anyanwu L. -J., Sheshe A., Mohammad A., Olori S. D., Mshelbwala P., Odeyemi B., Samson G., Timothy O. K., Samuel S. A., Ajiboye A., Amole I., Abiola O., Olaolorun A., Veen T., Kanani A., Styles K., Herikstad R., Larsen J. W., Soreide J. A., Jensen E., Gran M., Aahlin E. K., Gaarder T., Monrad-Hansen P. W., Naess P. A., Lauzikas G., Wiborg J., Holte S., Augestad K., Banipal G., Monteleone M., Moe T., Schultz J., Al-Taher T., Hamdan A., Salman A., Saadeh R., Musleh A., Jaradat D., Abushamleh S., Hanoun S., Qumbos A. A., Hamarshi A., Taher A. A., Qawasmi I., Qurie K., Altarayra M., Ghannam M., Shaheen A., Herebat A., Abdelhaq A., Shalabi A., Abu-Toyour M., Asi F., Shamasneh A., Atiyeh A., Mustafa M., Zaatreh R., Dabboor M., Alaloul E., Baraka H., Meqbil J., Al-Buhaisi A., Elshami M., Afana S., Jaber S., Alyacoubi S., Abuowda Y., Idress T., Abuqwaider E., Al-Saqqa S. W., Bowabsak A., Eljamassi A., Hasanain D., Al-Farram H., Firwana A., Hamdan M., Awad I., Ashour A., Al Barrawi F. E., Al-Khatib A., Al-Faqawi M., Fares M., Elmashala A., Adawi M., Adawi I., Khreishi R., Ghaben A., Nadeem N., Saqlain M., Abbasy J., Alvi A. R., Gala T., Shahzad N., Bhopal K. F., Iftikhar Z., Butt M. T., Ul Razi S. A., Niazi A. K., Raza I., Baluch F., Raza A., Bani-Sadar A., Qureshi A. U., Adil M., Javaid M., Waqar M., Khan M., Arshad M., Amjad M., Vega G. M. M., Cardozo J. T., Roche M. O., Servin G. R. P., Lohse H. A. S., Lopez L. I. P., Cardozo R. A. M., Espinoza F., Rojas A. D. P., Sanchez D., Samaniego C. S., Torres S. G., Calua A. 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R., Negoi I., Beuran M., Ciubotaru C., Alphonse M., Uzabumwana N., Duhoranenayo D., Jovine E., Zanini N., Landolfo G., Aljiffry M., Idris F., Alghamdi M. S. A., Maghrabi A., Altaf A., Khalifah E., Gudal A., Albiety A., Alkaaki A., Alshareef R., Khoja A., Nawawi A., Najjar M., Turkustani S., Sahel S., Alzahrani A., Alghamdi A., Alhazmi W., Al Saied G., Alamoudi M., Riaz M. M., Hassanain M., Alhassan B., Altamimi A., Alyahya R., Alsubaie N., Albastawis F., Nouh T., Khan R., Radojkovic M., Jeremic L., Nestorovic M., Law J. H., Tan K. S. K., Tan R. C. K., Tan J. K., Joel L. W. L., Lieske B., Chan X. W., Leong F. Q. H., Chong C. S., Koh S., Lee K. Y., Lee K. C., Pluke K., Dedekind B., Nashidengo P., Hampton M. I., Joosten J., Sobnach S., Roodt L., Sander A., Pape J., Spence R., Maistry N., Ndwambi P., Kinandu K., Tun M., du Toit F., Ellison Q., Burger S., Grobler D. C., Khulu L. B., Moore R., Jennings V., Leusink A., Kariem N., Gouws J., Chu K., Bougard H., Noor F., Dell A., Rayne S., van Straten S., Khamajeet A., Tshisola S. K., Kabongo K., Kong V., Moodley Y., Anderson F., Madiba T., du Plooy F., Hartford L., Chilton G., Karjiker P., Mabitsela M., Ndlovu S., Badicel M., Jaich R., Ruiz-Tovar J., Garcia-Florez L., Otero-Diez J. L., Ramosperez V., Aguadosuarez N., Garcia J. M., Moreno S. C., Collado M. V., Carneros V. J., Septiem J. G., Gonzalez M., Picardo A., Esteban E., Ferrero E., Ortega I., Espin-Basany E., Blanco-Colino R., Andriola V., Lorena I., Contreras E., Garciabernardo C., Pagnozzi J., Sanz S., Miyardeleon A., Dorisme A., Rodicio J., Suarez A., Stuva J., Diazvico T., Fernandez-Vega L., Soldevila-Verdeguer C., Sena-Ruiz F., Pujol-Cano N., Diaz-Jover P., Garcia-Perez J. M., Segura-Sampedro J. J., Pineno-Flores C., Ambrona-Zafra D., Craus-Miguel A., Jimenez-Morillas P., Mazzella A., Jayathilake A. B., Thalgaspitiya S. P. B., Wijayarathna L. S., Wimalge P. M. S. N., Sanni H. A., Ndajiwo A., Okenabirhie O., Homeida A., Younis A., Omer O. A., Abdulaziz M., Mussad A., Gilani A. M., Cengiz Y., Bjorklund I., Ahlqvist S., Thorell A., Wogensen F., Sokratous A., Breistrand M., Thorarinsdottir H., Sigurdadottir J., Nikberg M., Chabok A., Hjertberg M., Elbe P., Saraste D., Rutkowski W., Forlin L., Niska K., Sund M., Oswald D., Peros G., Bluelle R., Reinisch K., Frey D., Palma A., Zumbuhl L., Zuber M., Schmid R., Werder G., Nocito A., Gerosa A., Mahanty S., Widmer L. W., Muller J., Gubeli A., Zuk G., Gulcicek O. B., Altinel Y., Vartanoglu T., Kose E., Karahan S. R., Aydin M. C., Sahbaz N. A., Halicioglu I., Alis H., Sapci I., Adiyaman C., Pektas A. M., Cengiz T. B., Tansoker I., Isler V., Cevik M., Mutlu D., Ozben V., Ozmen B. B., Bayram S., Yolcu S., Kobal B. B., Toto O. F., Cakaloglu H. C., Karabulut K., Mutlu V., Ozkan B. B., Celik S., Semiz A., Bodur S., Gul E., Murutoglu B., Yildirim R., Baki B. 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A., Alhammali T., Salama Y., Kabariti R., Oram S., Kidd T., Cullen F., Owen C., Wilson M., Chiu S., Sarafilovic H., Ploski J., Evans E., Abbas A., Kamya S., Ishak N., Bisset C., Andress C., Chin Y. R., Patel P., Evans D., Haslegrave A., Boggon A., Laurie K., Connor K., Mann T., Nepogodiev D., Mansuri A., Davies R., Griffiths E., Shahbaz A. R., Eng C., Din F., Heveder A. L., Park E. H. G., Ravishankar R., McIntosh K., Yau J. D., Chan L., McGarvie S., Tang L., Lim H., Yap S., Park J., Ng Z., Mirza S., Ang Y. L., Walls L., Roy C., Paterson-Brown S., Camilleri-Brennan J., McLean K., D'Souza M., Pronin S., Henshall D. E., Ter E., Fouad D., Minocha A., English W., Morgan C., Townsend D., Maciejec L., Mahdi S., Akpenyi O., Hall E., Caydiid H., Rob Z., Abbott T., Torrance H. D., Irwin G., Johnston R., Gani M., Gravante G., Rajmohan S., Majid K., Dindyal S., Smith C., Palliyil M., Patel S., Nicholson L., Harvey N., Baillie K., Shillito S., Kershaw S., Bamford R., Orton P., Reunis E., Tyler R., Soon W., Jama G. M., Dhillon D., Patel K., Nanthakumaran S., Heard R., Chen K. Y., Barmayehvar B., Datta U., Kamarajah S. K., Iftekhartani S., Monaghan E., Donnelly P., Walker M., Parakh J., Blacker S., Kaul A., Paramasivan A., Farag S., Nessa A., Awadallah S., Lim J., Cheankhunng J., Gash K., Kiran R. P., Murray A., Etchill E., Dasari M., Puyana J., Haddad N., Zielinski M., Choudhry A., Caliman C., Beamon M., Duane T., Narayanan R., Swaroop M., Myers J., Deal R., Schadde E., Hemmila M., Napolitano L., To K., Makupe A., Musowoya J., Maimbo M., van der Naald N., Kumwenda D., Reece-Smith A., Otten K., Verbeek A., Prins M., Suarez A. A. B., Deane C., Dijan E., Elfiky M., Koskenvuo L., Thollot A., Limoges B., Capito C., Alexandre C., Kotobi H., Leroux J., Pinnagoda K., Henric N., Azzis O., Rosello O., Francois P., Etienne S., Buisson P., Hmila S., Clegg-Lamptey J. -N., Imoro O., Abem O. E., Papageorgiou D., Soulou V., Asturias S., Pena L., Connor D. B. O., Luc A. R., Russo A. A., Ruzzenente A., Taddei A., Cona C., Bottini C., Pascale G., Rotunno G., Solaini L., Pascale M. M., Notarnicola M., Corbellino M., Sacco M., Ubiali P., Cautiero R., Bocchetti T., Muzio E., Guglielmo V., Morandi E., Mao P., de Luca E., Ali F. M., Strupas K., Kondrotas P., Baltrunas R., Kutkevicius J., Ignatavicius P., Tan C. L., Siaw J. Y., Yam S. Y., Wilson L., Aziz M. R. A., Bondin J., Zorrilla C. D., Majbar A., Sale D., Abdullahi L., Osagie O., Faboya O., Fatuga A., Taiwo A., Nwabuoku E., Bliksoen M., Khan Z. A., Coronel J., Miranda C., Vasquez I., Helguero-Santin L. M., Rickard J., Adedeji A., Alqahtani S., Rath M., van Niekerk M., Koto M. 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B., Pardo, G., HUS Abdominal Center, II kirurgian klinikka, Department of Anatomy, Pertti Panula / Principal Investigator, Clinicum, M Drake, Thoma, Pata, Francesco, Ghosh, Dhruv, O Ademuyiwa, Adesoji, Arnaud, Alexi, Bhangu, Aneel, Edward Fitzgerald, J, Glasbey, Jame, M Harrison, Ewen, Lorena Aguilera, Maria, Alexander, Philip, W Al-Saqqa, Sara, Borda-Luque, Giuliano, Costas-Chavarri, Ainhoa, Ntirenganya, Faustin, J Fergusson, Stuart, C Allen Ingabire, J, Ismaïl, Lawani, Khairy Salem, Hosni, Theophilus Teddy Kojo, Anyomih, Carmela Lapitan, Marie, Lilford, Richard, L Mihaljevic, Andre, Morton, Dion, Zeta Mutabazi, Alphonse, Nepogodiev, Dmitri, O Adisa, Adewale, Ots, Riinu, Pinkney, Thoma, Poškus, Toma, Uzair Qureshi, Ahmad, Ramos-De la Medina, Antonio, Rayne, Sarah, A Shaw, Catherine, Shu, Sebastian, Spence, Richard, Smart, Neil, Tabiri, Stephen, Verjee, Azmina, Runigamugabo, Emmy, Khatri, Chetan, Mohan, Midhun, Jaffry, Zahra, Altamini, Afnan, Kirby, Andrew, Soreide, Kjetil, Recinos, Gustavo, Cornick, Jen, Marta Modolo, Maria, King, Sebastian, Nazmum Nahar, Sayeda, Waterman, Ade, Lawini, Ismail, Agarwal, Arnav, Zani, Augusto, Firdouse, Mohammed, Rouse, Tyler, Liu, Qinyang, Camilo Correa, Juan, Talving, Peep, Worku, Mengistu, Iyer, Dushyant, Arthur, Tom, Aguilera, Marialorena, Kumar, Basant, Kumar, Sunil, Amandito, Radhian, Quek, Roy, Ansaloni, Luca, Altibi, Ahmed, Venskutonis, Donata, Zilinskas, Justa, Poskus, Toma, Whitaker, John, Tew, Yongyong, Msosa, Vanessa, Farrugia, Alexia, Borg, Elaine, Antonio, Ramos-DelaMedina, Bent, Zineb, Ademuyiwa, Adesoji, Gala, Tanzeela, Al-Slaibi, Ibrahim, Tahboub, Haya, H Alser, Osaid, Romani, Diego, Shu, Sebestian, Major, Piotr, Mironescu, Aurel, Bratu, Matei, Kourdouli, Amar, Kitts, Saint, Ubaid Alsaggaf, Mohammed, Gudal, Ahmad, Faifi Jubran, Al, Leone, Sierra, Seisay, Sam, Lieske, Bettina, Ortega, Irene, Jeyakumar, Jenifa, Senanayake, Kithsiri, Abdulbagi, Omar, Cengiz, Yucel, Raptis, Dmitri, Altinel, Yuksel, Kong, Chia, Teasdale, 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Abbott, Tom, D Torrance, Hew, Johnston, Robin, Gani, Mohammedakil, Gravante, Gianpiero, Rajmohan, Shivanchan, Majid, Kiran, Dindyal, Shiva, Smith, Christopher, Palliyil, Madanmohan, Patel, Sanjay, Nicholson, Luke, Harvey, Neil, Baillie, Katie, Shillito, Sam, Kershaw, Suzanne, Bamford, Rebecca, Orton, Peter, Reunis, Elke, Tyler, Robert, Soon, Waicheong, M Jama, Guled, Dhillon, Dharminder, Patel, Khyati, Nanthakumaran, Shayanthan, Heard, Rachel, Yan Chen, Kar, Barmayehvar, Behrad, Datta, Uttaran, K Kamarajah, Sivesh, Iftekhartani, Sobhana, Monaghan, Eimear, Donnelly, Philippa, Walker, Michael, Parakh, Jehangirshaw, Blacker, Sarah, Kaul, Anil, Paramasivan, Arjun, Farag, Sameh, Nessa, Ashrafun, Awadallah, Salwa, Lim, Jieqi, Cheankhunng, Jame, P Kiran, Ravi, Murray, Alice, Etchill, Eric, Dasari, Mohini, Puyana, Juan, Haddad, Nadeem, Zielinski, Martin, Choudhry, Asad, Caliman, Celeste, Beamon, Mieshia, Duane, Therese, Swaroop, Mamta, Myers, Jonathan, Deal, Rebecca, Schadde, Erik, Hemmila, 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Chibuye, Chali, Hassanein Ahmed Ali, Tebian, Rekhis, Syrine, Rommaneh, Muna, Hao Sam, Zi, Lawani, Ismail, Brunelli Pugliesi, Thay, Pardo, Gabriel, Blanco, Ruth, and GlobalSurg Collaborative: Aneel Bhangu, Adesoji O Ademuyiwa, Maria Lorena Aguilera, Philip Alexander, Sara W Al-Saqqa, Giuliano Borda-Luque, Ainhoa Costas-Chavarri, Thomas M Drake, Faustin Ntirenganya, J Edward Fitzgerald, Stuart J Fergusson, James Glasbey, Jc Allen Ingabire, Lawani Ismaïl, Hosni Khairy Salem, Anyomih Theophilus Teddy Kojo, Marie Carmela Lapitan, Richard Lilford, Andre L Mihaljevic, Dion Morton, Alphonse Zeta Mutabazi, Dmitri Nepogodiev, Adewale O Adisa, Riinu Ots, Francesco Pata, Thomas Pinkney, Tomas Poškus, Ahmad Uzair Qureshi, Antonio Ramos-De la Medina, Sarah Rayne, Catherine A Shaw, Sebastian Shu, Richard Spence, Neil Smart, Stephen Tabiri, Ewen M Harrison, Chetan Khatri, Midhun Mohan, Zahra Jaffry, Afnan Altamini, Andrew Kirby, Kjetil Søreide, Gustavo Recinos, Jen Cornick, Maria Marta Modolo, Dushyant Iyer, Sebastian King, Tom Arthur, Sayeda Nazmum Nahar, Ade Waterman, Michael Walsh, Arnav Agarwal, Augusto Zani, Mohammed Firdouse, Tyler Rouse, Qinyang Liu, Juan Camilo Correa, Peep Talving, Mengistu Worku, Alexis Arnaud, Vassilis Kalles, Basant Kumar, Sunil Kumar, Radhian Amandito, Roy Quek, Luca Ansaloni, Ahmed Altibi, Donatas Venskutonis, Justas Zilinskas, Tomas Poskus, John Whitaker, Vanessa Msosa, Yong Yong Tew, Alexia Farrugia, Elaine Borg, Zineb Bentounsi, Tanzeela Gala, Ibrahim Al-Slaibi, Haya Tahboub, Osaid H Alser, Diego Romani, Sebestian Shu, Piotr Major, Aurel Mironescu, Matei Bratu, Amar Kourdouli, Aliyu Ndajiwo, Abdulaziz Altwijri, Mohammed Ubaid Alsaggaf, Ahmad Gudal, Al Faifi Jubran, Sam Seisay, Bettina Lieske, Irene Ortega, Jenifa Jeyakumar, Kithsiri J Senanayake, Omar Abdulbagi, Yucel Cengiz, Dmitri Raptis, Yuksel Altinel, Chia Kong, Ella Teasdale, Gareth Irwin, Michael Stoddart, Rakan Kabariti, Sukrit Suresh, Katherine Gash, Ragavan Narayanan, Mayaba 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Souaibou, Kpèmahouton René Keke, Fred Hodonou, Ernest Yemalin Stephane Ahounou, Thierry Alihonou, Max Dénakpo, Germain Ahlonsou, Alemayehu Ginbo Bedada, Carlos Nsengiyumva, Sandrine Kwizera, Venerand Barendegere, Philip Choi, Simon Stock, Luai Jamal, Georges Azzie, Sameer Kushwaha, Tzu-Ling Chen, Chingwan Yip, Irene Montes, Felipe Zapata, Sebastian Sierra, Maria Isabel Villegas Lanau, Maria Clara Mendoza Arango, Ivan Mendoza Restrepo, Ruben Santiago Restrepo Giraldo, Edgar Domini, Robert Karlo, Jakov Mihanovic, Mohamed Youssef, Hossam Elfeki, Waleed Thabet, Aly Sanad, Gehad Tawfik, Ahmed Zaki, Noran Abdel-Hameed, Mohamed Mostafa, Muhammad Fathi Waleed Omar, Ahmed Ghanem, Emad Abdallah, Adel Denewer, Eman Emara, Eman Rashad, Ahmad Sakr, Rehab Elashry, Sameh Emile, Toqa Khafagy, Sara Elhamouly, Arwa Elfarargy, Amna Mamdouh Mohamed, Ghada Saied Nagy, Abeer Esam, Eman Elwy, Aya Hammad, Salwa Khallaf, Eman Ibrahim, Ahmed Said Badr, Ahmed Moustafa, Amany Eldosouky Mohammed, Mohammed Elgheriany, Eman Abdelmageed, Eman Abd Al Raouf, Esraa Samir Elbanby, Maha Elmasry, Mahitab Morsy Farahat, Eman Yahya Mansor, Eman Magdy Hegazy, Esraa Gamal, Heba Gamal, Hend Kandil, Doaa Maher Abdelrouf, Mohamed Moaty, Dina Gamal, Nada El-Sagheer, Mohamed Salah, Salma Magdy, Asmaa Salah, Ahmed Essam, Ahmed Ali, Mahmoud Badawy, Sara Ahmed, Mazed Mohamed, Abdelrahman Assal, Mohamed Sleem, Mai Ebidy, Aly Abd-Elrazek, Diaaaldin Zahran, Nourhan Adam, Mohamed Nazir, Adel B Hassanein, Ahmed Ismail, Amira Elsawy, Rana Mamdouh, Mohamed Mabrouk, Lopna Ahmed Mohamed Ahmed, Mohamed Hassab Alnaby, Eman Magdy, Manar Abd-Elmawla, Marwan Fahim, Bassant Mowafy, Moustafa Ibrahim Mahmoud, Meran Allam, Muhammad Alkelani, Noran Halim El Gendy, Mariam Saad Aboul-Naga, Reham Alaa El-Din, Alyaa Halim Elgendy, Mohamed Ismail, Mahmoud Shalaby, Aya Adel Elsharkawy, Mahmoud Elsayed Moghazy, Khaled Hesham Elbisomy, Hend Abdel Gawad Shakshouk, Mohamed Fouad Hamed, Mai Mohamed Ebidy, Mostafa Abdelkader, Mohamed Karkeet, Hayam Ahmed, Israa Adel, Mohammad Elsayed Omar, Mohamed Ibrahim, Omar Ghoneim, Omar Hesham, Shimaa Gamal, Karim Hilal, Omar Arafa, Sawsan Adel Awad, Menatalla Salem, Fawzia Abdellatif Elsherif, Nourhan Elsabbagh, Moustafa R Aboelsoud, Ahmed Hossam Eldin Fouad Rida, Amr Hossameldin, Ethar Hany, Yomna Hosny Asar, Nourhan Anwar, Mohamed Gadelkarim, Samar Abdelhady, Eman Mohamed Morshedy, Reham Saad, Nourhan Soliman, Mahmoud Salama, Eslam Ezzat, Arwa Mohamed, Arwa Ibrahim, Alaa Fergany, Sara Mohammed, Aya Reda, Yomna Allam, Hanan Adel Saad, Afnan Abdelfatah, Aya Mohamed Fathy, Ahmed El-Sehily, Esraa Abdalmageed Kasem, Ahmed Tarek Abdelbaset Hassan, Ahmed Rabeih Mohammed, Abdalla Gamal Saad, Yasmin Elfouly, Nesma Elfouly, Arij Ibrahim, Amr Hassaan, Mohammed Mustafa Mohammed, Ghada Elhoseny, Mohamed Magdy, Esraa Abd Elkhalek, Yehia Zakaria, Tarek Ezzat, Ali Abo El Dahab, Mohamed Kelany, Sara Arafa, Osama Mokhtar Mohamed Hassan, Nermin Mohamed Badwi, Ahmad Saber Sleem, Hussien Ahmed, Kholoud Abdelbadeai, Mohamed Abozed Abdullah, Muhammad Amsyar Auni Lokman, Suraya Bahar, Anan Rady Abdelazeam, Abdelrahman Adelshone, Muhammad Bin Hasnan, Athirah Zulkifli, Siti Nur Alia Kamarulzamil, Abdelaziz Elhendawy, Aliang Latif, Ahmad Bin Adnan, Shahadatul Shaharuddin, Aminah Hanum Haji Abdul Majid, Mahmoud Amreia, Dina Al-Marakby, Mahmoud Salma, Mohamad Jeffrey Bin Ismail, Elissa Rifhan Mohd Basir, Citra Dewi Mohd Ali, Aya Yehia Ata, Maha Nasr, Asmaa Rezq, Ahmed Sheta, Sherif Tariq, Abd Elkhalek Sallam, Abdelrhman Kz Darwish, Sohaila Elmihy, Shady Elhadry, Ahmed Farag, Haidar Hajeh, Abdelaziz Abdelaal, Amro Aglan, Ahmed Zohair, Mahitab Essam, Omar Moussa, Esraa El-Gizawy, Mostafa Samy, Safia Ali, Esraa El Halawany, Ahmed Ata, Mohamed El Halawany, Mohamed Nashat, Samar Soliman, Alaa Elazab, Mostada Samy, Mohamed A Abdelaziz, Khaled Ibrahim, Ahmed Mohamed Ibrahim, Ammar Gado, Usama Hantour, Esraa Alm Eldeen, Mohamed Reda Loaloa, Arwa Abouzaid, Mostafa Ahmed Bahaa Eldin, Eman Hashad, Fathy Sroor, Doaa Gamil, Eman Mahmoud Abdulhakeem, Mahmoud Zakaria, Fawzy Mohamed, Marwan Abubakr, Elsayed Ali, Hesham Magdy, Menna Tallah Ramadan, Mohamed Abdelaty Mohamed, Salma Mansour, Hager Abdul Aziz Amin, Ahmed Rabie Mohamed, Mahmoud Saami, Nada Ahmed Reda Elsayed, Adham Tarek, Sabry Mohy Eldeen Mahmoud, Islam Magdy El Sayed, Amira Reda, Martina Yusuf Shawky, Mohammed Mousa Salem, Shahinaz Alaa El-Din, Noha Abdullah Soliman, Muhammed Talaat, Shahinaz Alaael-Dein, Ahmed Abd Elmoen Elhusseiny, Noha Abdullah, Mohammed Elshaar, Aya Abdelfatah Ibraheem, Hager Abdulaziz, Mohammed Kamal Ismail, Mona Hamdy Madkor, Mohamed Abdelaty, Sara Mahmoud Abdel-Kader, Osama Mohamed Salah, Mahmoud Eldafrawy, Ahmed Zaki Eldeeb, Mostafa Mahmoud Eid, Attia Attia, Khalid Salah El-Dien, Ayman Shwky, Mohamed Adel Badenjki, Abdelrahman Soliman, Samaa Mahmoud Al Attar, Farrag Sayed, Fahd Abdel Sabour, Mohammed G Azizeldine, Muhammad Shawqi, Abdullah Hashim, Ahmed Aamer, Ahmed Mahmoud Abdelraouf, Mahmoud Abdelshakour, Amal Ibrahim, Basma Mahmoud, Mohamed Ali Mahmoud, Mostafa Qenawy, Ahmed M Rashed, Ahmed Dahy, Marwa Sayed, Ahmed W Shamsedine, Bakeer Mohamed, Ahmad Hasan, Mahmoud M Saad, Khalil Abdul Bassit, Nadia Khalid Abd El-Latif, Nada Elzahed, Ahmed El Kashash, Nada Mohamed Bekhet, Sarah Hafez, Ahmed Gad, Mahmoud Elkhadragy Maher, Ahmed Abd El-Sameea, Mohamed Hafez, Ahmad Sabe, Ataa Ahmed, Ahmed Shahine, Khaled Dawood, Shireen Gaafar, Reem Husseiny, Omnia Aboelmagd, Ahmed Soliman, Nourhan Mesbah, Hossam Emadeldin, Amgad Al Meligy, Amira Hassan Bekhet, Doaa Hasan, Khaled Alhady, Ahmad Khaled Sabe, Mahmoud A Elnajjar, Majed Aboelella, Ward Hamsho, Ihab Hassan, Hala Saad, Galaleldin Abdelazim, Hend Mahmoud, Noha Wael, Ahmedali M Kandil, Ahmed Magdy, Shimaa Said Elkholy, Badr Eldin Adel, Kareem Dabbour, Saged Elsherbiney, Omar Mattar, Abdulshafi Khaled AbdRabou, Mohammed Yahia Mohamed Aly, Abdelrahman Geuoshy, Ahmedglal Elnagar, Saraibrahim Ahmed, Ibrahem Abdelmotaleb, Amr Ahmed Saleh, Hesham Mohammed Bakry, Manar Saeed, Shady Mahmoud, Badreldin Adel Tawfik, Samar Adel Ismail, Esraay Zakaria, Mariam O Gad, Mohamed Salah Elhelbawy, Monica Bassem, Noha Maraie, Nourhan Medhat Elhadary, Nourhan Semeda, Shaza Rabie Mohamed, Hesham Mohammed Bakry, A A Essam, Dina Tarek, Khlood Ashour, Alaa Elhadad, Abdulrahman Abdel-Aty, Ibrahim Rakha, Sara Mamdouh Matter, Rasha Abdelhamed, Omar Abdelkader, Ayat Hassaan, Yasmin Soliman, Amna Mohamed, Sara Ghanem, Sara Amr Mohamed Farouk, Eman Mohamed Ibrahim, Esraa El-Taher, Merna Mostafa, Mohamed Fawzy Mahrous Badr, Rofida Elsemelawy, Aya El-Sawy, Ahmad Bakr, Ahmad Abdel Razaq Al Rafati, Sten Saar, Arvo Reinsoo, Nebyou Seyoum, Tewodros Worku, Agazi Fitsum, Matti Tolonen, Ari Leppäniemi, Ville Sallinen, Benogreît Parmentier, Matthieu Peycelon, Sabine Irtan, Sabrina Dardenne, Elsa Robert, Betty Maillot, Etienne Courboin, Alexis Pierre Arnaud, Juliette Hascoet, Olivier Abbo, Amir Ait Kaci, Thomas Prudhomme, Quentin Ballouhey, Céline Grosos, Laurent Fourcade, Tolg Cecilia, Colombani Jean-Francois, Francois-Coridon Helene, Xavier Delforge, Elodie Haraux, Bertrand Dousset, Roberto Schiavone, Sebastien Gaujoux, Jean-Baptiste Marret, Aurore Haffreingue, Julien Rod, Mariette Renaux-Petel, Jean-François Lecompte, Jean Bréaud, Pauline Gastaldi, Chouikh Taieb, Raquillet Claire, Echaieb Anis, Nasir Bustangi, Manuel Lopez, Aurelien Scalabre, Maria Giovanna Grella, Aurora Mariani, Guillaume Podevin, Françoise Schmitt, Erik Hervieux, Aline Broch, Cecile Muller, Dickson Bandoh, Francis Abantanga, Martin Kyereh, Hamza Asumah, Eric Kofi Appiah, Paul Wondoh, Adam Gyedu, Charles Dally, Kwabena Agbedinu, Michael Amoah, Abiboye Yifieyeh, Kwabena Agbedinu, Frank Owusu, Mabel Amoako-Boateng, Makafui Dayie, Richmond Hagan, Sam Debrah, Micheal Ohene-Yeboah, Joe-Nat Clegg-Lampety, Victor Etwire, Jonathan Dakubo, Samuel Essoun, William Bonney, Hope Glover-Addy, Samuel Osei-Nketiah, Joachim Amoako, Niiarmah Adu-Aryee, William 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Aspasia Papailia, Theodosios Theodosopoulos, Georgios Gkiokas, Magdalini Mitroudi, Christina Panteli, Thomas Feidantsis, Konstantinos Farmakis, Dimitrios Kyziridis, Orestis Ioannidis, Styliani Parpoudi, Georgios Gemenetzis, Stavros Parasyris, Christos Anthoulakis, Nikolaos Nikoloudis, Michail Margaritis, Maria-Lorena Aguilera-Arevalo, Otto Coyoy-Gaitan, Javier Rosales, Luis Tale, Rafael Soley, Emmanuel Barrios, Servio Tulio Torres Rodriguez, Carlos Paz Galvez, Danilo Herrera Cruz, Guillermo Sanchez Rosenberg, Alejandro Matheu, David Monterroso Cohen, Marie Paul, Angeline Charles, Justin Chak Yiu Lam, Man Hon Andrew Yeung, Chi Ying Jacquelyn Fok, Ka Hin Gabriel Li, Anthony Chuk-Him Lai, Yuk Hong Eric Cheung, Hong Yee Wong, Ka Wai Leung, Tien Seng Bryan Lee, Wai Him Lam, Weihei Dao, Stephanie Hiu-Wai Kwok, Tsz-Yan Katie Chan, Yung Kok Ng, Twc Mak, Chi Chung Foo, James Yang, Ankur Bhatnagar, Vijaid Upadhyaya, Uday Muddebihal, Wasim Dar, K C Janardhan, Neerav Aruldas, Fidelis Jacklyn Adella, Anthonius Santoso Rulie, Ferdy Iskandar, Jonny Setiawan, Cicilia Viany Evajelista, Hani Natalie, Arlindawati Suyadi, Rudy Gunawan, Herlin Karismaningtyas, Lusi Padma Sulistianingsih Mata, Ferry Fitriya Ayu Andika, Afifatun Hasanah, T Ariani Widiastini, Nurlaila Ayu Purwaningsih, Annisa Dewi Fitriana Mukin, Dina Faizatur Rahmah, Hazmi Dwinanda Nurqistan, Hasbi Maulana Arsyad, Novia Adhitama, Wifanto Saditya Jeo, Nathania Sutandi, Audrey Clarissa, Phebe Anggita Gultom, Matthew Billy, Andreass Haloho, Nadya Johanna, Felix Lee, Radin Mohd Nurrahman Radin Dorani, Martha Glynn, Mohammad Alherz, Wennweoi Goh, Haaris A Shiwani, Lorraine Sproule, Kevin C Conlon, Miklosh Bala, Asaf Kedar, Luca Turati, Federica Bianco, Francesca Steccanella, Gaetano Gallo, Mario Trompetto, Giuseppe Clerico, Matteo Papandrea, Giuseppe Sammarco, Rosario Sacco, Angelo Benevento, Luisa Giavarini, Mariano Cesare Giglio, Luigi Bucci, Gianluca Pagano, Viviana Sollazzo, Roberto Peltrini, Gaetano Luglio, Arianna Birindelli, Salomone Di Saverio, Gregorio Tugnoli, Miguel Angel Paludi, Pietro Mingrone, Domenica Pata, Francesco Selvaggi, Lucio Selvaggi, Gianluca Pellino, Natale Di Martino, Gianluca Curletti, Paolo Aonzo, Raffaele Galleano, Stefano Berti, Elisa Francone, Silvia Boni, Laura Lorenzon, Annalisa Lo Conte, Genoveffa Balducci, Gianmaria Confalonieri, Giovanni Pesenti, Laura Gavagna, Giorgio Vasquez, Simone Targa, Savino Occhionorelli, Dario Andreotti, Giacomo Pata, Andrea Armellini, Deborah Chiesa, Fabrizio Aquilino, Nicola Chetta, Arcangelo Picciariello, Mohamed Abdelkhalek, Andrea Belli, Silvia De Franciscis, Annamaria Bigaran, Alessandro Favero, Stefano Mm Basso, Paola Salusso, Martina Perino, Sylvie Mochet, Diego Sasia, Francesco Riente, Marco Migliore, David Merlini, Silvia Basilicò, Carlo Corbellini, Veronica Lazzari, Yuri Macchitella, Luigi Bonavina, Daniele Angelieri, Diego Coletta, Federica Falaschi, Marco Catani, Claudia Reali, Mariastella Malavenda, Celeste Del Basso, Sergio Ribaldi, Massimo Coletti, Andrea Natili, Norma Depalma, Immacolata Iannone, Angelo Antoniozzi, Davide Rossi, Daniele Gui, Gerardo Perrotta, Matteo Ripa, Francesco Ruben Giardino, Maurizio Foco, Erika Vicario, Federico Coccolini, Gabriela Elisa Nita, Nicoletta Leone, Andrea Bondurri, Anna Maffioli, Andrea Simioni, Davide De Boni, Sandro Pasquali, Elena Goldin, Elena Vendramin, Eleonora Ciccioli, Umberto Tedeschi, Luca Bortolasi, Paola Violi, Tommaso Campagnaro, Simone Conci, Giovanni Lazzari, Calogero Iacono, Alfredo Gulielmi, Serena Manfreda, Anna Rinaldi, Maria Novella Ringressi, Beatrice Brunoni, Giuseppe Salamone, Mirko Mangiapane, Paolino De Marco, Antonella La Brocca, Roberta Tutino, Vania Silvestri, Leo Licari, Tommaso Fontana, Nicolò Falco, Gianfranco Cocorullo, Mostafa Shalaby, Pierpaolo Sileri, Claudio Arcudi, Isam Bsisu, Khaled Aljboor, Lana Abusalem, Aseel Alnusairat, Ahmad Qaissieh, Emad Al-Dakka, Ali Ababneh, Oday Halhouli, Taha Yusufali, Hussein Mohammed, Justus Lando, Robert Parker, Wairimu Ndegwa, Mantas Jokubauskas, Jolanta Gribauskaite, Justas Kuliavas, Audrius Dulskas, Narimantas E Samalavicius, Kristijonas Jasaitis, Audrius Parseliunas, Viktorija Nevieraite, Margarita Montrimaite, Evelina Slapelyte, Edvinas Dainius, Romualdas Riauka, Zilvinas Dambrauskas, Andrejus Subocius, Linas Venclauskas, Antanas Gulbinas, Saulius Bradulskis, Simona Kasputyte, Deimante Mikuckyte, Mindaugas Kiudelis, Tomas Jankus, Steponas Petrikenas, Matas Pažuskis, Zigmantas Urniežius, Mantas Vilčinskas, Vincas Jonas Banaitis, Vytautas Gaižauskas, Edvard Grisin, Povilas Mazrimas, Rokas Rackauskas, Mantas Drungilas, Karolis Lagunavicius, Vytautas Lipnickas, Dovilè Majauskyté, Valdemaras Jotautas, Tomas Abaliksta, Laimonas Uščinas, Gintaras Simutis, Adomas Ladukas, Donatas Danys, Erikas Laugzemys, Saulius Mikalauskas, Elena Zdanyte Sruogiene, Petras Višinskas, Reda Žilinskienė, Deividas Dragatas, Andrius Burmistrovas, Zygimantas Tverskis, Arturas Vaicius, Ruta Mazelyte, Antanas Zadoroznas, Nerijus Kaselis, Greta Žiubrytė, Finaritra Casimir Fleur Prudence Rahantasoa, Luc Hervé Samison, Fanjandrainy Rasoaherinomenjanahary, Todisoa Emmanuella Christina Tolotra, Cornelius Mukuzunga, Chimwemwe Kwatiwani, Nelson Msiska, Feng Yih Chai, Siti Mohd Desa Asilah, Khuzaimah Zahid Syibrah, Pui Xin Chin, Afizah Salleh, Nur Zulaika Riswan, April Camilla Roslani, Hoong-Yin Chong, Nora Abdul Aziz, Keat-Seong Poh, Chu-Ann Chai, Sandip Kumar, Mustafa Mohammed Taher, Nik Ritza Kosai, Dayang Nita Abdul Aziz, Reynu Rajan, Rokayah Julaihi, Durvesh Lacthman Jethwani, Muhammad Taqiyuddin Yahaya, Nik Azim Nik Abdullah, Susan Wndy Mathew, Kuet Jun Chung, Milaksh Kumar Nirumal, R Goh Ern Tze, Syed Abdul Wahhab Eusoffee Wan Ali, Yiing Yee Gan, Jesse Ron Swire Ting, Samuel S Y Sii, Kean Leong Koay, Yi Koon Tan, Alvin Ee Zhiun Cheah, Chui Yee Wong, Tuan Nur'Azmah Tuan Mat, Crystal Yern Nee Chow, Prisca Al Har, Yishan Der, Fitjerald Henry, Xinwei Low, Ya Theng Neo, Hian Ee Heng, Shu Ning Kong, Cheewei Gan, Yi Ting Mok, Yee Wen Tan, Kandasami Palayan, Mahadevan Deva Tata, Yih Jeng Cheong, Kuhaendran Gunaseelan, Wan Nurul 'Ain Wan Mohd Nasir, Pigeneswaren Yoganathan, Eu Xian Lee, Jian Er Saw, Li Jing Yeang, Pei Ying Koh, Shyang Yee Lim, Shuang Yi Teo, Nicole Grech, Daniela Magri, Kristina Cassar, Christine Mizzi, Malcolm Falzon, Nihaal Shaikh, Ruth Scicluna, Stefan Zammit, Sean Mizzi, Svetlana Doris Brincat, Thelma Tembo, Vu Thanh Hien Le, Tara Grima, Keith Sammut, Kurt Carabott, Ciskje Zarb, Andre Navarro, Thea Dimech, Georgette Marie Camilleri, Isaac Bertuello, Jeffrey Dalli, Karl Bonavia, Samantha Corro-Diaz, Marisol Manriquez-Reyes, Amina Abdelhamid, Abdelmalek Hrora, Sarah Benammi, Houda Bachri, Meryem Abbouch, Khaoula Boukhal, Redouane Mammar Bennai, Abdelkader Belkouchi, Mohamed Sobhi Jabal, Chaymae Benyaiche, Maarten Vermaas, Lucia Duinhouwer, Javier Pastora, Greta Wood, Maria Soledad Merlo, Akinlabi Ajao, Omobolaji Ayandipo, Taiwo Lawal, Abdussemiu Abdurrazzaaq, Muslimat Alada, Abdulrasheed Nasir, James Adeniran, Olufemi Habeeb, Ademola Popoola, Ademola Adeyeye, Ademola Adebanjo, Opeoluwa Adesanya, Adewale Adeniyi, Henry Mendel, Bashir Bello, Umar Muktar, Adedapo Osinowo, Thomas Olagboyega Olajide, Oyindamola Oshati, George Ihediwa, Babajide Adenekan, Victor Nwinee, Felix Alakaloko, Olumide Elebute, Abdulrazzaq Lawal, Chris Bode, Mojolaoluwa Olugbemi, Alaba Adesina, Olubukola Faturoti, Oluwatomi Odutola, Oluwaseyi Adebola, Clement Onuoha, Ogechukwu Taiwo, Omolara Williams, Fatai Balogun, Olalekan Ajai, Mobolaji Oludara, Iloba Njokanma, Roland Osuoji, Stephen Kache, Jonathan Ajah, Jerry Makama, Ahmed Adamu, Suleiman Baba, Mohammad Aliyu, Shamsudeen Aliyu, Yahaya Ukwenya, Halima Aliyu, Tunde Sholadoye, Muhammad Daniyan, Oluseyi Ogunsua, Lofty-John Anyanwu, Abdurrahaman Sheshe, Aminu Mohammad, Samson Olori, Philip Mshelbwala, Babatunde Odeyemi, Garba Samson, Oyediran Kehinde Timothy, Sani Ali Samuel, Anthony Ajiboye, Isaac Amole, Olajide Abiola, Akin Olaolorun, Torhild Veen, Arezo Kanani, Kristian Styles, Ragnar Herikstad, Johannes Wiik Larsen, Jon Arne Søreide, Elisabeth Jensen, Mads Gran, Eirik Kjus Aahlin, Tina Gaarder, Peter Wiel Monrad-Hansen, Pål Aksel Næss, Giedrius Lauzikas, Joachim Wiborg, Silje Holte, Knut Magne Augestad, Gurpreet Singh Banipal, Michela Monteleone, Thomas Tetens Moe, Johannes Kurt Schultz, Najwa Nadeem, Muhammad Saqlain, Jibran Abbasy, Abdul Rehman Alvi, Noman Shahzad, Kamran Faisal Bhopal, Zainab Iftikhar, Muhammad Talha Butt, Syed Asaat Ul Razi, Asdaq Ahmed, Ali Khan Niazi, Ibrahim Raza, Fatima Baluch, Ahmed Raza, Ahmad Bani-Sadar, Muhammad Adil, Awais Raza, Mahnoor Javaid, Muhammad Waqar, Maryam Ali Khan, Mohammad Mohsin Arshad, Mohammad Asim Amjad, Taher Al-Taher, Ayah Hamdan, Ayman Salman, Rana Saadeh, Aseel Musleh, Dana Jaradat, Soha Abushamleh, Sakhaa Hanoun, Amjad Abu Qumbos, Aseel Hamarshi, Ayman And Taher, Israa Qawasmi, Khalid Qurie, Marwa Altarayra, Mohammad Ghannam, Alaa Shaheen, Azher Herebat, Aram Abdelhaq, Ahmad Shalabi, Maram Abu-Toyour, Fatema Asi, Ala Shamasneh, Anwar Atiyeh, Mousa Mustafa, Rula Zaa'treh, Majd Dabboor, Enas Alaloul, Heba Baraka, Jehad Meqbil, Alaa Al-Buhaisi, Mohamedraed Elshami, Samah Afana, Sahar Jaber, Said Alyacoubi, Yousef Abuowda, Tasneem Idress, Eman Abuqwaider, Sara Al-Saqqa, Alaa Bowabsak, Alaa El Jamassi, Doaa Hasanain, Hadeel Al-Farram, Maram Salah, Aya Firwana, Marwa Hamdan, Israa Awad, Ahmad Ashour, Fayez Elian Al Barrawi, Ahmed Alkhatib, Maha Al-Faqawi, Mohamed Fares, Amjad Elmashala, Mohammad Adawi, Ihdaa Adawi, Reem Khreishi, Rose Khreishi, Ahmad Ashour, Ahed Ghaben, Gustavo Miguel Machain Vega, Jorge Torres Cardozo, Marcelo O'Higgins Roche, Gustavo Rodolfo Pertersen Servin, Helmut Alfredo Segovia Lohse, Larissa Ines Páez Lopez, Ramón Augusto Melo Cardozo, Fernando Espinoza, Angel David Pérez Rojas, Diana Sanchez, Camila Sanchez Samaniego, Shalon Guevara Torres, Alexander Canta Calua, Cesar Razuri, Nadia Ortiz, Xianelle Rodriguez, Nahilia Carrasco, Fridiz Saravia, Hector Shibao Miyasato, María Valcarcel-Saldaña, Ysabel Esthefany Alejos Bermúdez, Juan Carpio, Walter Ruiz Panez, Pedro Angel Toribio Orbegozo, Carolina Guzmán Dueñas, Kevin Turpo Espinoza, Ana Maria Sandoval Barrantes, Jorge Armando Chungui Bravo, Lorena Fuentes-Rivera, Carmen Fernández, Bárbara Málaga, Joselyn Ye, Ricardo Velasquez, Jannin Salcedo, Ana Lucia Contreras-Vergara, Angelica Genoveva Vergara Mejia, Maria Soledad Gonzales Montejo, Marilia Del Carmen Escalante Salas, Willy Alcca Ticona, Marvin Vargas, George Christian Manrique Sila, Robinson Mas, Arazzelly Del Pilar Paucar, Armando José Román Velásquez, Alina Robledo-Rabanal, Ludwing Alexander Zeta Solis, Kenny Turpo Espinoza, José Luis Hamasaki Hamaguchi, Erick Samuel Florez Farfan, Linda Alvi Madrid Barrientos, Juan Jaime Herrera Matta, John Jemuel V Mora, Menold Archee P Redota, Manuel Francisco Roxas, Maria Jesusa B Maño, Marie Dione Parreno-Sacdalan, Christel Leanne Almanon, Maciej Walędziak, Rafał Roszkowski, Michał Janik, Anna Lasek, Dorota Radkowiak, Mateusz Rubinkiewicz, Cristina Fernandes, Jose Costa-Maia, Renato Melo, Liviu Muntean, Aurel Sandu Mironescu, Lucian Corneliu Vida, Mariuca Popa, Hogea Mircea, Mihaela Vartic, Bogdan Diaconescu, Matei Razvan Bratu, Ionut Negoi, Mircea Beuran, Cezar Ciubotaru, Norbert Uzabumwana, Dieudonne Duhoranenayo, Elio Jovine, Nicola Zanini, Giovanni Landolfo, Murad Aljiffry, Faisal Idris, Mohammed Saleh A Alghamdi, Ashraf Maghrabi, Abdulmalik Altaf, Aroub Alkaaki, Ahmad Khoja, Abrar Nawawi, Sondos Turkustani, Eyad Khalifah, Adel Albiety, Sarah Sahel, Reham Alshareef, Mohammed Najjar, Ahmed Alzahrani, Ahmed Alghamdi, Wedyan Alhazmi, Ghiath Al Saied, Mohammed Alamoudi, Muhammed Masood Riaz, Mazen Hassanain, Basmah Alhassan, Abdullah Altamimi, Reem Alyahya, Norah Al Subaie, Fatema Al Bastawis, Afnan Altamimi, Thamer Nouh, Roaa Khan, Milan Radojkovic, Ljiljana Jeremic, Milica Nestorovic, Jia Hao Law, Keith Say Kwang Tan, Ryan Choon Kiat Tan, Joel Kin Tan, Lau Wen Liang Joel, Xue Wei Chan, Faith Qi Hui Leong, Choon Seng Chong, Sharon Koh, Kai Yin Lee, Kuok Chung Lee, Kent Pluke, Britta Dedekind, Puyearashid Nashidengo, Mark Ian Hampton, Johanna Joosten, Sanju Sobnach, Liana Roodt, Anthony Sander, James Pape, Niveshni Maistry, Phumudzo Ndwambi, Kamau Kinandu, Myint Tun, Frederick Du Toit, Quinn Ellison, Sule Burger, D C Grobler, Lawrence Bongani Khulu, Rachel Moore, Vicky Jennings, Astrid Leusink, Nazmie Kariem, Juan Gouws, Kathryn Chu, Heather Bougard, Fazlin Noor, Angela Dell, Stephanie Van Straten, Arvin Khamajeet, Serge Kapenda Tshisola, Kalangu Kabongo, Victor Kong, Yoshan Moodley, Frank Anderson, Thandinkosi Madiba, Flip du Plooy, Leila Hartford, Gareth Chilton, Parveen Karjiker, Matlou Ernest Mabitsela, Sibongile Ruth Ndlovu, Maria Badicel, Robert Jaich, Jaime Ruiz-Tovar, Luis Garcia-Florez, Jorge L Otero-Díez, Virginia Ramos Pérez, Nuria Aguado Suárez, Javier Minguez García, Sara Corral Moreno, Maria Vicenta Collado, Virginia Jiménez Carneros, Javier García Septiem, Mariana Gonzalez, Antonio Picardo, Enrique Esteban, Esther Ferrero, Eloy Espin-Basany, Ruth Blanco-Colino, Valeria Andriola, Lorena Solar García, Elisa Contreras, Carmen García Bernardo, Janet Pagnozzi, Sandra Sanz, Alberto Miyar de León, Asnel Dorismé, Joseluis Rodicio, Aida Suarez, Jessica Stuva, Tamara Diaz Vico, Laura Fernandez-Vega, Carla Soldevila-Verdeguer, Fatima Sena-Ruiz, Natalia Pujol-Cano, Paula Diaz-Jover, José Maria Garcia-Perez, Juan Jose Segura-Sampedro, Cristina Pineño-Flores, David Ambrona-Zafra, Andrea Craus-Miguel, Patricia Jimenez-Morillas, Angela Mazzella, A B Jayathilake, Spb Thalgaspitiya, L S Wijayarathna, Pmsn Wimalge, Hakeem Ayomi Sanni, Ogheneochuko Okenabirhie, Anmar Homeida, Abobaker Younis, Omer Abdelbagi Omer, Mustafa Abdulaziz, Ali Mussad, Ali Adam, Ida Björklund, Sandra Ahlqvist, Anders Thorell, Fredrik Wogensen, Arestis Sokratous, Michaela Breistrand, Hildur Thorarinsdottir, Johanna Sigurdadottir, Maziar Nikberg, Abbas Chabok, Maria Hjertberg, Peter Elbe, Deborah Saraste, Wiktor Rutkowski, Louise Forlin, Karoliina Niska, Malin Sund, Dennis Oswald, Georgios Peros, Rafael Bluelle, Katharina Reinisch, Daniel Frey, Adrian Palma, Dimitri Aristotle Raptis, Lucius Zumbühl, Markus Zuber, Roger Schmid, Gabriela Werder, Antonio Nocito, Alexandra Gerosa, Silke Mahanty, Lukas Werner Widmer, Julia Müller, Alissa Gübeli, Grzegorz Zuk, Osman Bilgin Gulcicek, Talar Vartanoglu, Emin Kose, Servet Rustu Karahan, Mehmet Can Aydin, Nuri Alper Sahbaz, Ilkay Halicioglu, Halil Alis, Ipek Sapci, Can Adiyaman, Ahmet Murat Pektaş, Turgut Bora Cengiz, Ilkan Tansoker, Vedatcan Işler, Muazzez Cevik, Deniz Mutlu, Volkan Ozben, Berk Baris Ozmen, Sefa Bayram, Sinem Yolcu, Berna Buse Kobal, Ömer Faruk Toto, Haluk Cem Çakaloğlu, Kagan Karabulut, Vahit Mutlu, Bahar Busra Ozkan, Saban Celik, Anil Semiz, Selim Bodur, Enisburak Gül, Busra Murutoglu, Reyyan Yildirim, Bahadir Emre Baki, Ekin Arslan, Mehmet Ulusahin, Ali Guner, Kudir Tomas, Nathan Walker, Nikhita Shrimanker, Simon Cole, Ryan Breslin, Ravi Srinivasan, Mohamed Elshaer, Kristina Hunter, Ahmed Al-Bahrani, Ignatius Liew, Nora Grace Mairs, Alistair Rocke, Lachlan Dick, Mobeen Qureshi, Debkumar Chowdhury, Naomi Wright, Clare Skerritt, Dorothy Kufeji, Adrienne Ho, Tharindra Dissanayake, Athula Tennakoon, Wadah Ali, Shujing Jane Lim, Charlene Tan, Stephen O'Neill, Catrin Jones, Stephen Knight, Dima Nassif, Abhishek Sharma, Oliver Warren, Rebecca White, Aia Mehdi, Nathan Post, Eliana Kalakouti, Enkhbat Dashnyam, Frederick Stourton, Ioannis Mykoniatis, Chelise Currow, Francisca Wong, Ashish Gupta, Veeranna Shatkar, Joshua Luck, Suraj Kadiwar, Alexander Smedley, Rebecca Wakefield, Philip Herrod, James Blackwell, Jonathan Lund, Fraser Cohen, Ashwath Bandi, Stefano Giuliani, Giles Bond-Smith, Theodore Pezas, Neda Farhangmehr, Tomas Urbonas, Miklos Perenyei, Philip Ireland, Natalie Blencowe, Kirk Bowling, David Bunting, Lydia Longstaff, Kenneth Keogh, Hyunjin Jeon, Muhammad Rafaih Iqbal, Shivun Khosla, Anna Jeffery, James Perera, Ahmad Aboelkassem Ibrahem, Tariq Alhammali, Yahya Salama, Shaun Oram, Thomas Kidd, Fraser Cullen, Christopher Owen, Michael Wilson, Seehui Chiu, Hannah Sarafilovic, Jennifer Ploski, Elizabeth Evans, Athar Abbas, Sylvia Kamya, Norzawani Ishak, Carly Bisset, Cedar Andress, Ye Ru Chin, Priya Patel, David Evans, Aidan Haslegrave, Adam Boggon, Kirsten Laurie, Katie Connor, Thomas Mann, Anahita Mansuri, Rachel Davies, Ewen Griffiths, Aized Raza Shahbaz, Calvin Eng, Farhat Din, Ariadne L'Heveder, Esther Hg Park, Ramanish Ravishankar, Kirsten McIntosh, Jih Dar Yau, Luke Chan, Susan McGarvie, Lingshan Tang, Hui Lim, Suhhuey Yap, Jay Park, Zhan Herr Ng, Shahrukh Mirza, Yun Lin Ang, Luke Walls, Chloe Roy, Simon Paterson-Brown, Julian Camilleri-Brennan, Kenneth Mclean, Michelle S D'Souza, Savva Pronin, David Ewart Henshall, Eunice Zuling Ter, Dina Fouad, Ashish Minocha, William English, Catrin Morgan, Dominic Townsend, Laura Maciejec, Shareef Mahdi, Onyinye Akpenyi, Elisabeth Hall, Hanaan Caydiid, Zakaria Rob, Tom Abbott, Hew D Torrance, Robin Johnston, Mohammed Aki Gani, Gianpiero Gravante, Shivanchan Rajmohan, Kiran Majid, Shiva Dindyal, Christopher Smith, Madanmohan Palliyil, Sanjay Patel, Luke Nicholson, Neil Harvey, Katie Baillie, Sam Shillito, Suzanne Kershaw, Rebecca Bamford, Peter Orton, Elke Reunis, Robert Tyler, Wai Cheong Soon, Guled M Jama, Dharminder Dhillon, Khyati Patel, Shayanthan Nanthakumaran, Rachel Heard, Kar Yan Chen, Behrad Barmayehvar, Uttaran Datta, Sivesh K Kamarajah, Sharad Karandikar, Sobhana Iftekhar Tani, Eimear Monaghan, Philippa Donnelly, Michael Walker, Jehangirshaw Parakh, Sarah Blacker, Anil Kaul, Arjun Paramasivan, Sameh Farag, Ashrafun Nessa, Salwa Awadallah, Jieqi Lim, James Chean Khun Ng, Ravi P Kiran, Alice Murray, Eric Etchill, Mohini Dasari, Juan Puyana, Nadeem Haddad, Martin Zielinski, Asad Choudhry, Celeste Caliman, Mieshia Beamon, Therese Duane, Mamta Swaroop, Jonathan Myers, Rebecca Deal, Erik Schadde, Mark Hemmila, Lena Napolitano, Kathleen To, Alex Makupe, Joseph Musowoya, Niels van der Naald, Dayson Kumwenda, Alex Reece-Smith, Kars Otten, Anna Verbeek, Marloes Prins, Alibeth Andres Baquero Suarez, Ruben Balmaceda, Chelsea Deane, Emilio Dijan, Mahmoud Elfiky, Laura Koskenvuo, Aurore Thollot, Bernard Limoges, Carmen Capito, Challine Alexandre, Henri Kotobi, Julien Leroux, Kalitha Pinnagoda, Nicolas Henric, Olivier Azzis, Olivier Rosello, Poddevin Francois, Sara Etienne, Philippe Buisson, Sophian Hmila, Joe-Nat Clegg-Lamptey, Osman Imoro, Owusu Emmanuel Abem, Dimitrios Papageorgiou, Vasiliki Soulou, Sabrina Asturias, Lenin Peña, Donal B O'Connor, Alberto Realis Luc, Alfio Alessandro Russo, Andrea Ruzzenente, Antonio Taddei, Camilla Cona, Corrado Bottini, Giovanni Pascale, Giuseppe Rotunno, Leonardo Solaini, Marco Maria Pascale, Margherita Notarnicola, Mario Corbellino, Michele Sacco, Paolo Ubiali, Roberto Cautiero, Tommaso Bocchetti, Elena Muzio, Vania Guglielmo, Eugenio Morandi, Patrizio Mao, Emilia de Luca, Farah Mahmoud Ali, Justas Žilinskas, Kestutis Strupas, Paulius Kondrotas, Robertas Baltrunas, Juozas Kutkevicius, Povilas Ignatavicius, Choy Ling Tan, Jia Yng Siaw, Sir Young Yam, Ling Wilson, Mohamed Rezal Abdul Aziz, John Bondin, Carmina Diaz Zorrilla, Anass Majbar, Danjuma Sale, Lawal Abdullahi, Olabisi Osagie, Omolara Faboya, Adedeji Fatuga, Agboola Taiwo, Emeka Nwabuoku, Marte Bliksøen, Zain Ali Khan, Jazmin Coronel, Cesar Miranda, Idelso Vasquez, Luis M Helguero-Santin, Jennifer Rickard, Adesina Adedeji, Saleh Alqahtani, Max Rath, Michael Van Niekerk, Modise Zacharia Koto, Roel Matos-Puig, Leif Israelsson, Tobias Schuetz, Mahmut Arif Yuksek, Meric Mericliler, Mehmet Ulusahin, Bernhard Wolf, Cameron Fairfield, Guo Liang Yong, Katharine Whitehurst, Natalie Redgrave, Caroluce K Musyoka, James Olivier, Kathryn Lee, Michael Cox, Muhamed M H Farhan-Alanie, Rory Callan, Chali Chibuye, Tebian Hassanein Ahmed Ali, Syrine Rekhis, Muna Rommaneh, Zi Hao Sam, Thays Brunelli Pugliesi, Gabriel Pardo, Ruth Blanco
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Male ,paediatric ,Cohort Studies ,0302 clinical medicine ,Primary outcome ,gastro-enterologic surgery ,Risk Factors ,Prospective Studies ,030212 general & internal medicine ,paediatrics ,Prospective cohort study ,Child ,Digestive System Surgical Procedures ,Original Research ,lcsh:R5-920 ,Paediatric surgery ,Health Policy ,Human development (humanity) ,3142 Public health care science, environmental and occupational health ,3. Good health ,CONGENITAL-ANOMALIES ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Child, Preschool ,surgical infection ,Female ,lcsh:Medicine (General) ,Surgical site infection ,Cohort study ,Human ,AFRICA ,medicine.medical_specialty ,CARE-ASSOCIATED INFECTION ,Adolescent ,lcsh:Infectious and parasitic diseases ,NO ,03 medical and health sciences ,MIDDLE-INCOME COUNTRIES ,medicine ,Humans ,Surgical Wound Infection ,lcsh:RC109-216 ,In patient ,Human Development Index ,business.industry ,Kirurgi ,Risk Factor ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,Infant, Newborn ,Infant ,Digestive System Surgical Procedure ,GLOBAL BURDEN ,3126 Surgery, anesthesiology, intensive care, radiology ,Surgery ,Prospective Studie ,Cohort Studie ,business - Abstract
Background: Surgical site infection (SSI) is one of the most common infections associated with health care, but its importance as a global health priority is not fully understood. We quantified the burden of SSI after gastrointestinal surgery in countries in all parts of the world. Methods: This international, prospective, multicentre cohort study included consecutive patients undergoing elective or emergency gastrointestinal resection within 2-week time periods at any health-care facility in any country. Countries with participating centres were stratified into high-income, middle-income, and low-income groups according to the UN's Human Development Index (HDI). Data variables from the GlobalSurg 1 study and other studies that have been found to affect the likelihood of SSI were entered into risk adjustment models. The primary outcome measure was the 30-day SSI incidence (defined by US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention criteria for superficial and deep incisional SSI). Relationships with explanatory variables were examined using Bayesian multilevel logistic regression models. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT02662231. Findings: Between Jan 4, 2016, and July 31, 2016, 13 265 records were submitted for analysis. 12 539 patients from 343 hospitals in 66 countries were included. 7339 (58·5%) patient were from high-HDI countries (193 hospitals in 30 countries), 3918 (31·2%) patients were from middle-HDI countries (82 hospitals in 18 countries), and 1282 (10·2%) patients were from low-HDI countries (68 hospitals in 18 countries). In total, 1538 (12·3%) patients had SSI within 30 days of surgery. The incidence of SSI varied between countries with high (691 [9·4%] of 7339 patients), middle (549 [14·0%] of 3918 patients), and low (298 [23·2%] of 1282) HDI (p
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- 2020
15. Sex differences and shifts in body composition, physical activity, and total energy expenditure across a 3‐month expedition
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Shannon Rochelle, Lee T. Gettler, Sarah Martin, Mallika S. Sarma, Cara Ocobock, and Brendan P. Croom
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Adult ,Male ,Adolescent ,Physical activity ,030209 endocrinology & metabolism ,Muscle mass ,Body fat percentage ,Article ,Young Adult ,03 medical and health sciences ,Sex Factors ,0302 clinical medicine ,Total energy expenditure ,Genetics ,Humans ,Medicine ,0601 history and archaeology ,Exercise ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics ,Balance (ability) ,060101 anthropology ,business.industry ,Stressor ,06 humanities and the arts ,Human physiology ,Middle Aged ,Challenging environment ,Anthropology ,Body Composition ,Expeditions ,Female ,Anatomy ,Energy Metabolism ,business ,Demography - Abstract
Objectives An energetically demanding environment like a wilderness expedition can lead to potent stressors on human physiology and homeostatic balance causing shifts in energy expenditure and body composition. These shifts likely have consequences on overall health and performance and may potentially differ by sex. It is therefore critical to understand the potential differential body composition and energy expenditure changes in response to a novel and challenging environment in both males and female bodies. Methods Data were collected from 75 healthy individuals (female = 41; ages 18-53) throughout a 3-month long expedition in the American Rockies. Body mass, body fat, and lean muscle mass were measured before, during, and after the course. Physical activity intensity and energy expenditure were also measured in a subset of participants using the wGT3X-BT Actigraph wrist monitor and an accompanying Bluetooth heart rate monitor. Results Over the 3-month period, individuals initially experienced declines in body mass, body fat percentage, and lean muscle mass. Participants partially rebounded from these deficits to maintain overall body mass with a slight recomposition of body fat and lean muscle mass. Our data also demonstrated that sex moderated total energy expenditure, where females experienced a modest decline whereas males experienced an increase in energy expenditure from the beginning to the end of the course. Conclusions Understanding changes in energy storage in the body and variation in energy expenditure between sexes during a 3-month expedition has critical implications for maintaining health and performance in an energetically demanding environment where resources may be scarce.
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- 2021
16. Speeding up access to new drugs for CF: Considerations for clinical trial design and delivery
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Davies, JC, Drevinek, P, Elborn, JS, Kerem, E, Lee, T, European CF Society (ECFS) Strategic Planning Task Force on ‘Speeding up access to new 4 drugs for CF’, Amaral, MD, and De Boeck, K
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0301 basic medicine ,Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine ,Cystic Fibrosis ,Process (engineering) ,Respiratory System ,Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Drug Development ,Membrane Transport Modulators ,Drug Discovery ,Humans ,Medicine ,Drug pipeline ,Pharmaceutical industry ,Clinical Trials as Topic ,business.industry ,Task force ,Clinical study design ,1103 Clinical Sciences ,Public relations ,CFTR modulators ,Quality Improvement ,Clinical trial design ,030104 developmental biology ,030228 respiratory system ,Drug development ,Research Design ,Mutation ,Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health ,business ,European CF Society (ECFS) Strategic Planning Task Force on ‘Speeding up access to new 4 drugs for CF’ ,Patient organisations - Abstract
The last decade has witnessed developments in the CF drug pipeline which are both exciting and unprecedented, bringing with them previously unconsidered challenges. The Task Force group was brought together to consider these challenges and possible strategies to address them. Over the last 18 months, we have discussed internally and gathered views from a broad range of individuals representing patient organisations, clinical and research teams, the pharmaceutical industry and regulatory agencies. In this and the accompanying article, we discuss two main areas of focus: i) optimising trial design and delivery for speed and efficiency; ii) drug development for patients with rare CFTR mutations. We propose some strategies to tackle the challenges ahead and highlight areas where further thought is needed. We see this as the start of a process rather than the end and hope herewith to engage the wider community in seeking solutions to improved treatments for all patients with CF.
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- 2019
17. Syphilis and HIV Co-infection in Mississippi: Implications for Control and Prevention
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Paul Byers, Kendra Johnson, James Stewart, and Lee T Riley
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Adult ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Adolescent ,Social Psychology ,Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) ,HIV Infections ,medicine.disease_cause ,Logistic regression ,Article ,03 medical and health sciences ,Mississippi ,0302 clinical medicine ,Risk Factors ,Humans ,Medicine ,Binary logistic regression analysis ,Syphilis ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Child ,030505 public health ,Coinfection ,business.industry ,Transmission (medicine) ,Public health ,Infant, Newborn ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,Infant ,medicine.disease ,Health psychology ,Infectious Diseases ,Case-Control Studies ,Child, Preschool ,Female ,0305 other medical science ,business ,Hiv co infection ,Demography - Abstract
Syphilis and HIV are important public health issues in the United States, especially in the southeastern region. This study aimed to determine and describe the co-infection pattern in Mississippi by using a case-controlled design to analyze cases diagnosed with syphilis or HIV from 2007 to 2016. Direct matching was employed to identify cases that were co-infected during the same calendar year, and binary logistic regression analysis was used to determine predictors of co-infection. Results showed that 1736 (34.0%) of syphilis and HIV cases were co-infected during the same calendar year. Binary logistic regression results demonstrated that race, gender, age group, and exposure category were independently associated with co-infection status. These analyses highlighted the progressive increase of co-infection rates in Mississippi. Collaboration between STI/HIV surveillance teams may identify high-risk individuals and reduce transmission of both diseases.
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- 2019
18. Fathers' oxytocin responses to first holding their newborns: Interactions with testosterone reactivity to predict later parenting behavior and father-infant bonds
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Mallika S. Sarma, Jennifer Burke Lefever, Julia M. Braungart-Rieker, Benjamin C. Trumble, Patty X. Kuo, and Lee T. Gettler
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Male ,Longitudinal study ,Oxytocin ,Developmental psychology ,03 medical and health sciences ,Behavioral Neuroscience ,Fathers ,0302 clinical medicine ,Developmental Neuroscience ,Developmental and Educational Psychology ,medicine ,Humans ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,Testosterone ,Longitudinal Studies ,Reactivity (psychology) ,Father-Child Relations ,Paternal Behavior ,Kangaroo care ,Parenting ,05 social sciences ,Infant, Newborn ,Infant ,Testosterone (patch) ,Time course ,hormones, hormone substitutes, and hormone antagonists ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,050104 developmental & child psychology ,Developmental Biology ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Little is known about human fathers' physiology near infants' births. This may represent a period during which paternal psychobiological axes are sensitive to fathers' new experiences of interacting with their newborns and that can provide insights on how individual differences in fathers' biology relate to post-partum parenting. Drawing on a sample of men in South Bend, IN (U.S.), we report results from a longitudinal study of fathers' oxytocin, cortisol, and testosterone (N = 211) responses to their first holding of their infants on the day of birth and men's reported caregiving and father-infant bonding at 2-4 months post-partum (N = 114). First-time fathers' oxytocin was higher following first holding of their newborns, compared to their pre-holding levels. Contrasting with prior results, fathers' percentage change in oxytocin did not differ based on skin-to-skin or standard holding. Drawing on psychobiological frameworks, we modeled the interactions for oxytocin reactivity with testosterone and cortisol reactivity, respectively, in predicting father-infant outcomes months later. We found significant cross-over interactions for (oxytocin × testosterone) in predicting fathers' later post-partum involvement and bonding. Specifically, we found that fathers whose testosterone declined during holding reported greater post-partum play if their oxytocin increased, compared to fathers who experienced increases in both hormones. We also observed a similar non-significant interaction for (oxytocin × cortisol) in predicting fathers' post-partum play. Fathers whose testosterone declined during holding also reported less involvement in direct caregiving and lower father-infant bonding if their oxytocin decreased but greater direct care and bonding if their testosterone increased and oxytocin decreased. The results inform our understanding of the developmental time course of men's physiological responsiveness to father-infant interaction and its relevance to later fathering behavior and family relationships.
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- 2021
19. Gender differences in BaYaka forager sleep-wake patterns in forest and village contexts
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Adam H. Boyette, Ujas A. Patel, Mallika S. Sarma, David R. Samson, Lee T. Gettler, Valchy Miegakanda, Yann R. Ouamba, Sheina Lew-Levy, and Erica Kilius
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0301 basic medicine ,Adult ,Male ,Adolescent ,Science ,Sleep wake ,Biological anthropology ,Forests ,Article ,03 medical and health sciences ,Young Adult ,0302 clinical medicine ,Sex Factors ,Sleep research ,Humans ,Circadian rhythm ,Aged ,2. Zero hunger ,Sex Characteristics ,Multidisciplinary ,Sleep quality ,Middle Aged ,Sleep in non-human animals ,Sleep time ,Confidence interval ,030104 developmental biology ,Congo ,Socioeconomic Factors ,Social anthropology ,Mixed effects ,Medicine ,Sleep Deprivation ,Female ,Seasons ,Psychology ,Sleep ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Demography - Abstract
Sleep studies in small-scale subsistence societies have broadened our understanding of cross-cultural sleep patterns, revealing the flexibility of human sleep. We examined sleep biology among BaYaka foragers from the Republic of Congo who move between environmentally similar but socio-ecologically distinct locations to access seasonal resources. We analyzed the sleep–wake patterns of 51 individuals as they resided in a village location (n = 39) and a forest camp (n = 23) (362 nights total). Overall, BaYaka exhibited high sleep fragmentation (50.5) and short total sleep time (5.94 h), suggestive of segmented sleep patterns. Sleep duration did not differ between locations, although poorer sleep quality was exhibited in the village. Linear mixed effect models demonstrated that women’s sleep differed significantly from men’s in the forest, with longer total sleep time (β ± SE = − 0.22 ± 0.09, confidence interval (CI) = [− 0.4, − 0.03]), and higher sleep quality (efficiency; β ± SE = − 0.24 ± 0.09, CI = [− 0.42, − 0.05]). These findings may be due to gender-specific social and economic activities. Circadian rhythms were consistent between locations, with women exhibiting stronger circadian stability. We highlight the importance of considering intra-cultural variation in sleep–wake patterns when taking sleep research into the field.
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- 2021
20. Fear, Sex Differences and the ‘Staying Alive’ Hypothesis
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Anne Campbell, Catharine P. Cross, and Lee T. Copping
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Punishment (psychology) ,Offspring ,Aggression ,Novelty ,medicine ,BATES ,Motivational system ,medicine.symptom ,Psychology ,Risk taking ,Developmental psychology - Abstract
Fear is “an evolutionarily conserved affective motivational system that can be activated under conditions of novelty, sudden or intense stimulation, reactions to danger prepared by evolution, social interactions with unfamiliar conspecifics and conditioned responses to punishment” (Rothbart & Bates, 1998, p. 109). It is “a system that detects danger and produces responses that maximise the probability of surviving a dangerous situation” (LeDoux, 1998, p. 128). The adaptive benefits of an efficient fear system are therefore evident as the speedy recognition and avoidance of life-threatening dangers enhance survival and thus improve the chances of leaving offspring who also survive and reproduce. While intuitively it seems that the evolutionary advantages of staying alive should be the same for both sexes in mammals (such as humans), this might not be the whole story (Campbell, 1999, 2013). In this volume, we focus on why this might not be the case, and specifically why an adapted fear system may help explain sex differences in behaviours such as risk taking and aggression as a way of ensuring the survival of females and their offspring.
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- 2021
21. Sex Differences in Strength of Fear Response
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Lee T. Copping, Anne Campbell, and Catharine P. Cross
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media_common.quotation_subject ,Periaqueductal grey ,Anger ,Amygdala ,Temporal lobe ,Structure and function ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Action (philosophy) ,Expression (architecture) ,Neuroimaging ,medicine ,Psychology ,Neuroscience ,media_common - Abstract
While the strength of the fear system can be inferred in part from the conscious experience of fear, it is also instructive to measure the activity of the relevant brain areas directly. Enhanced excitatory activation of some or all of these areas might be expected to increase the intensity of fear. The strength of the fear system has been assessed chiefly via neuroimaging studies in which images of faces showing different emotions (including fear and anger) are presented and regional activation in the viewer’s brain is recorded. Most studies identify a priori regions of interest, but increasingly sophisticated statistical programs and imaging techniques allow researchers to investigate structural, functional and temporal connectivity within and between brain circuits. The interpretation of findings is complicated by the difficulty (some would say impossibility) of mapping the correspondence between structure and function. For example, signals reflecting changes in blood-oxygen levels (so called BOLD signals) indicate regions that are active in response to threat, but these regions could be registering threat, augmenting the fear response, suppressing the fear response, supporting decision-making processes, or a number of other concurrent functions. Nonetheless, some key circuits associated with fear have consistently been identified. These include sub-cortical structures such as the amygdala (located within the medial temporal lobe and associated with fear registration) and the hypothalamus (located at the base of the brain, guiding our autonomic responses). Areas of the mid-brain such as the periaqueductal grey have a role in the expression of behavioural fear while broader regions such as the ventromedial and orbitofrontal cortices show heightened activity in relation to fear regulation, task monitoring, future simulation and action decisions. Appendix B provides more specific details regarding the various neural structures covered within the chapters of this text and their associations with the components of the fear system.
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- 2021
22. Antiinflammatory Therapy with Canakinumab for Atherosclerotic Disease
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Ridker PM, Everett BM, Thuren T, MacFadyen JG, Chang WH, Ballantyne C, Fonseca F, Nicolau J, Koenig W, Anker SD, Kastelein JJP, Cornel JH, Pais P, Pella D, Genest J, Cifkova R, Lorenzatti A, Forster T, Kobalava Z, Vida-Simiti L, Flather M, Shimokawa H, Ogawa H, Dellborg M, Rossi PRF, Troquay RPT, Libby P, Glynn RJ, Novo S, Krum H, Varigos J, Siostrzonek P, Sinnaeve P, Gotcheva N, Yong H, Urina-Triana M, Milicic D, Vettus R, Manolis AJ, Wyss F, Sigurdsson A, Fucili A, Veze I, Petrauskiene B, Salvador L, Klemsdal TO, Medina F, Budaj A, Otasevic P, Lainscak M, Seung KB, Commerford P, Donath M, Hwang JJ, Kultursay H, Bilazarian S, East C, Forgosh L, Harris B, Ligueros M, Bohula E, Charmarthi B, Cheng S, Chou S, Danik J, McMahon G, Maron B, Ning M, Olenchock B, Pande R, Perlstein T, Pradhan A, Rost N, Singhal A, Taqueti V, Wei N, Burris H, Cioffi A, Dalseg AM, Ghosh N, Gralow J, Mayer T, Rugo H, Fowler V, Limaye AP, Cosgrove S, Levine D, Lopes R, Scott J, Hilkert R, Tamesby G, Mickel C, Manning B, Woelcke J, Tan M, Manfreda S, Ponce T, Kam J, Saini R, Banker K, Salko T, Nandy P, Tawfik R, O’Neil G, Manne S, Jirvankar P, Lal S, Nema D, Jose J, Collins R, Bailey K, Blumenthal R, Colhoun H, Gersh B, Abreu M, Actis MV, Aiub J, Aiub F, Albisu J, Alvarisqueta A, Avalos V, Barreto M, Berli MA, Blumberg C, Bocanera M, Botta C, Bowen L, Budassi N, Buhlman S, Westberg JC, Carabajal T, Caruso G, Casala J, Cendali G, Coloma G, Berra FC, Cuneo C, Degennaro N, Dellasa M, Diaz M, Dos Santos P, Espinosa V, Facello A, Facello M, Farias E, Fernandez AA, Ferrari V, Pacora FF, Flores GS, Franco M, Gabito A, Viola HG, Garcia F, Garcia Duran R, Garcia Pinna J, Glenny J, Godoy Sanchez M, Grosse A, Guzman P, Hasbani E, Hominal M, Ibañez J, Jure H, Jure D, Vico ML, Liniado G, Luciardi H, Luquez H, Maehara G, Maffei L, Majul C, Mallagray M, Marinaro S, Martinez J, Massaccesi R, De Los Milagros Had M, Azize GM, Montana O, Montenegro E, Morell Y, Muntaner J, Navarrete S, Olmedo M, Paganini M, Paz S, Perez Manghi F, Piskorz D, Polato C, Recoaro R, Romano A, Salinger M, Sanchez A, Saravia MA, Sarjanovich R, Scaro G, Schiavi LB, Soler J, Tinnirello V, Tomassi A, Valle M, Vallejo MA, Venturini C, Marcela Wenetz LM, Yossen M, Zaidman C, Zalazar L, Zangroniz P, Amerena J, Brady L, Colquhoun D, Eccleston D, Ferreira-Jardim A, French J, Jayasinghe R, Mcintosh C, Ord M, Plotz M, Purnell P, Roberts-Thomson P, Schultz C, Shanahan T, Tan R, Taverner P, Turner F, Vibert J, Vorster M, William M, Youssef G, Bergler-Klein J, Brath H, Brodmann M, Fliesser-Goerzer E, Haider K, Heeren G, Hiden C, Mandic L, Paulweber B, Ploechl A, Prenner A, Steringer-Mascherbauer R, Strohner-Kaestenbauer H, Barbato E, Bouvy C, Briké C, Charlier F, Cools F, De Knijf K, De Wolf L, Delforge M, Deweerdt N, Gits F, Goffinet C, Hermans K, Hollanders G, Mestdagh I, Pirenne B, Servaes V, Simons N, Tahon S, Theunissen E, Van Genechten G, Vervoort G, Vissers C, Vranckx P, Vrolix M, Abib E Jr, Abrantes J, Araujo Fonseca M, Barbosa E, Barroso W, Barroso A, Bodanese L, Botelho R, Costa Amorim R, Da Costa F, Da Silva A, Da Silva O Jr, Da Silva D Jr, Ferreira Dos Santos T, Dos Santos F, Dos Santos A, Duda N, Feitosa G, Felario Junior GA, Ferraz R, Filho P, Fonseca A, Wanderley FF, Freitas E, Fucci F, Marengo Garcia De Carvalho L, Hernandez M, Hettwer Magedanz E, Julião K, Kormann A, Lameira A, Lima F, Lino E, Maia L, Manenti E, Marchi AL, Fischer SM, Michalaros Y, Moraes J Jr, Moreira L, Pagnan M, Pesce F, Pinheiro L, Rassi S, Reis G, Reis H, Resende I, Roel A, Ruschel K, Saporito W, Saraiva JF, Seroqui M, Silva R, Unterkircher B, Vicente C, Vieira N, Xavier JP, Zucchetti C, Angelova I, Dimitrov G, Genova D, Gospodinov K, Goudev A, Grigorova V, Hristova K, Makedonska JJ, Katova T, Kostov K, Lazov P, Manov E, Manukov I, Manukov D, Milanova M, Kabakchieva VM, Petrov D, Petrusheva T, Pramatarova I, Raev D, Runev N, Sirakova-Taseva A, Tisheva-Gospodinova S, Todorova A, Tzekova M, Yakovova S, Yanev T, Abulencia K, Arora S, Baker A, Bata IR, Beaudry M, Belle Isle J, Bilodeau N, Boivin MC, Bolduc H, Bourgeois S, Brons S, Cantor W, Chaussé I, Chhabra A, Chouinard G, Cleveland T, Dattani D, Deslongchamps F, Diodati J, Drouin K, Duchesne L, Fontaine S, d'Amours DG, Gervais B, Gosselin G, Graham J, Grover A, Gupta A, Haldane H, Hartleib M, Hickey L, Huynh T, Johnston J, Julien VE, Lachance P, Lake J, Lamontagne C, Lauzon C, Lepage S, Maheux K, Manyari D, Martin E, McPherson C, Mehta S, Michaud N, Kouz SM, Murphy G, OKeefe D, Otis R, Ouimet F, Pandey S, Peck C, Perkins L, Richert L, Robbins K, Robinson S, Cabau JR, Ross B, Roy C, Roy M, Roy A, Rupka D, Affaki GS, Saunders K, Savard D, Soucy D, St Amour E, Thiessen S, Vertes G, Vezina M, Vincelli G, Weisnagel SJ, Zadra R, Chen J, Chen Y, Dong X, Feng Y, Feng Z, Fu G, Han B, Hao Y, He Y, He Z, Hong T, Jia Z, Jiang T, Jiang J, Jiang X, Ke Y, Li Y, Li Z, Li W, Li X, Liu P, Liu Y, Liu B, Liu S, Liu L, Lu Z, Lv Y, Ma C, Ma G, Peng L, Qing L, Ren L, Sang X, Song M, Sun Z, Wang J, Wang Y, Wei J, Wu W, Wu J, Xu H, Yan J, Yang P, Yang K, Yao Z, Yaoqing H, Yuan Z, Zhai Z, Zhang J, Zhang Y, Zhao R, Zhou H, Accini Mendoza JL, Aparicio CV, Castillo T, Chaverra I, Conrado Y, Coronel J, Cotes C, Cuentas I, Cuervo A, Dussan MA, Echeverria L, Hernandez E, Ibarra J, Isaza D, Jimenez D, Lopez P, Manzur F, Mejia I, Mendoza Y, Molina DI, Patino JM, Rodriguez D, Rodriguez LM, Rodriguez SM, Sanchez Vallejo G, Luz Serrano H, Sotomayor A, Urina M, Vesga B, Yupanqui H, Akrap B, Busic N, Ciglenecki N, Cmrecnjak J, Fucak E, Gabor M, Jeric M, Jutrisa N, Kordic K, Planinc I, Popovic Z, Radeljic V, Sesto I, Sutalo K, Tusek S, Belohlavek J, Budkova J, Busak L, Capova L, Cech V, Cermak O, Coufalova Z, Cyprian R, Dedek V, Dedkova S, Ferkl R, Hanak P, Hanustiakova A, Homza M, Horackova K, Houra M, Iveta H, Kaiserova L, Kala P, Karel I, Kellnerova I, Koleckar P, Kreckova M, Krupicka J, Lorenc Z, Machova V, Malik J, Masarikova L, Matyasek I, Mikus M, Mikusova T, Ondrasik J, Otava M, Palubova L, Pavlickova L, Peterka M, Petrova I, Pokorna B, Povolny P, Radvan M, Reznakova S, Rickova Z, Roszkowska P, Rotreklova M, Samkova D, Skalicka H, Slechticka A, Sternthal P, Telekes P, Tesak M, Vesely P, Vesely J, Vins P, Vitovec M, Vodnansky P, Zidova M, Keba E, Laane E, Pool T, Randvee L, Ratnik E, Reimand M, Reinmets S, Rivis L, Siemann M, Stern M, Toom M, Vahula V, Apel T, Axthelm C, Ayasse D, Ayasse M, Baar M, Baeumer A, Bagi ES, Becker B, Binder A, Blankenberg S, Braun P, Johansen BB, Contzen C, Delfonso F, Denecke C, Dengler T, Donaubauer T, Eichinger G, Englmann E, Erhard M, Faghih M, Foerster A, Frankenstein L, Fuchs R, Furch G, Gaeb-Strasas B, Germann H, Giese C, Goette A, Gravenhorst-Muenter U, Haege R, Haenel T, Hagemann D, Hagenow A, Hanefeld M, Heider J, Heisters J, Hennig D, Hielscher S, Himpel-Boenninghoff A, Holscher A, Hornig M, Jeserich M, Kaczmarek N, Kanitz S, Kara YD, Khariouzov A, Kiefer R, Kiroglu K, Klamm M, Klein C, 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Y, Sakurada M, Sasaki S, Seki S, Shimomura H, Shinozaki T, Sugimoto N, Suzuki A, Taguchi S, Takahashi J, Takase S, Tanabe K, Tanaka A, Tani S, Tomioka J, Tsuboi H, Tsuji M, Tsujita K, Tsujiyama S, Umesu A, Yamada T, Yamaguchi E, Yamamoto H, Yamamoto T, Yamane M, Yanase T, Yasuoka S, Yasutake M, Yokoyama M, Yoshida M, Yoshimoto E, Yunoki C, Balode A, Dormidontova G, Flaksa I, Nagele-Luse I, Rancane G, Sime I, Bartuseviciene S, Cepinskiene L, Dobilas V, Grigaraviciene I, Marcinkeviciene J, Mazutavicius R, Miliuniene R, Motiejuniene R, Norkiene S, Norkute-Macijauske U, Rudys A, Slapikas R, Stonkute K, Strazdiene D, Tijuneliene E, Urbonas G, Vanagiene S, Viezelis M, Aguilar M, Arenas Leon JL, Bayram E, Carrillo J, Davalos C, De Los Rios M, Delgadillo T, Hernández N, Leon S, Mendoza N, Muñoz W, Ramos G, Anneveldt A, Bakker H, Brouwer M, Bunschoten P, De Boer P, De Jong C, De Vos A, Den Hartog F, Doesborg L, Dommerholt R, Drost I, Ellenbroek D, Engelen W, Folkeringa RJ, Hamer BJB, Herrman JP, Hoogslag PAM, Jansen M, Jerzewski A, Joosten C, Kalkman C, Kietselaer B, Kok M, Kooiman E, Kose V, Lardinois R, Lenderink T, Lok DJA, Lousberg A, Meijlis P, Mulder R, Singerling M, Smeele F, Stroes E, Swart HP, Ten Holt W, Van Der Wal M, Van Der Zwaan C, Van Kempen WW, Van Maarseveen M, Van Stein I, Viergever EP, Visseren FLJ, Voors C, Nugteren SKZ, Ata B, Berulfsen A, Rønnevik TD, Dickstein K, Furuseth B, Grundtvig M, Hansen H, Hofsoey K, Høivik HO, Bøen RH, Hurtig U, Pettersen KI, Johansen E, Kleve R, Kolleroy C, Moen S, Nilsen V, Norin V, Otterstad JE, Risberg K, Rønnevik P, Sirnes PA, Skjelvan G, Strand S, Szacinski G, Vegsundvåg J, Alcalde JM, Gomez Sanchez J, Rodriguez J, Rodriguez A, Zena N, Baszak J, Cymerman K, Czerski T, Fratczak M, Jaguszewska G, Kawka-Urbanek T, Koba M, Kopaczewski J, Kopczyńska M, Laniec M, Lysek R, Sciborski R, Szpajer M, Torun A, Wujkowski M, Zielinski M, Ahn Y, Baek C, Bang SA, Chang K, Choi AJ, Han S, Hong T, Hyun K, Kim M, Kim KS, Kim B, Lee SH, Lee J, Lee HN, Lee JH, Lee KR, Moon K, Park B, Park C, Tahk S, Yim KH, Yim S, Tase T, Andor M, Aron G, Badea C, Casoinic F, Clocotan M, Coman S, Emil B, Imre BS, Istratoaie O, Liviu C, Maximov D, Militaru C, Minescu B, Istvan KP, Parepa I, Petrescu L, Podoleanu C, Pop CF, Popa V, Popescu E, Radoi M, Sarbu I, Socoteanu E, Socoteanu G, Sorodoc L, Spiridon M, Stanciulescu G, Stefanescu M, Tanaseanu C, Tudoran M, Zdrenghea D, Agafina A, Akatova E, Avdonina N, Balukova E, Barbarash OL, Bartosh L, Boyarkin M, Bulashova O, Burova N, Churina S, Demidova M, Dorogova I, Dovgalevskiy Y, Dovgolis S, Dudarev M, Fitilev S, Gapon L, Gazizianova V, Gordeev I, Ivanov I, Izmozherova N, Kazanskay E, Khirmanov V, Khromtsova O, Konradi A, Kosmacheva E, Kozlova S, Kulibaba E, Kuzin A, Libov I, Lipchenko A, Lozhkina N, Malchikova S, Morozov E, Myslyaeva L, Onuchina E, Palatkina T, Panov A, Parmon E, Petelina T, Repin A, Reznik I, Sazonova E, Sergienko T, Shaposhnik I, Shapovalova Y, Shustov S, Shvarts Y, Skopets I, Skuratova M, Smolenskaya O, Solovev O, Trofimov V, Vasiliev M, Vezikova N, Vozzhaev A, Yakushin S, Zadionchenko V, Apostolovic S, Adjic NC, Ilic I, Ilic S, Nikolic L, Pupic L, Stokuca-Korac N, Antalik L, Bugan V, Csala L, Dokupilova A, Dzupina A, Forgon T, Fulop P, Gonsorcik J, Gyorgyova E, Holoubek D, Horvat P, Kamensky G, Kolikova V, Krupciakova B, Lenner E, Lennerova J, Lukac J, Majercak I, Mancikova I, Micko K, Nociar J, Pales J, Palka J Jr, Poliacik P, Ruffini L, Sabo L, Skubova K, Slanina M, Smik R, Srdos V, Stitova M, Stofkova D, Strbova J, Such S, Toth P, Urgeova L, Vinanska D, Zareczky P, Flezar M, Kovacic D, Marcun R, Zagozen P, Bolsmann C, Commerford P, Conradie C, Dawood SY, Decsi KL, Ebrahim I, Henley L, Horak A, Kapp I, Komati S, Lock E, Maboyi S, Makotoko E, Manga P, Page A, Ramdas S, Ranjith N, Roos J, Talliard C, Ajax K, Al-Khalili F, Assarsson E, Bergholtz T, Blom KB, Boman K, Boström PÅ, Curiac D, Jensen ED, Dahlen G, Davidsson K, Duckert A, Hansson A, Härstedt N, Henriksson A, Olsson GH, Johansson K, Jonsson JE, Knutsson A, Lindholm CJ, Liu B, Lönnberg I, Lundqvist M, Mellberg L, Moodh J, Mooe T, Olofsson M, Risenfors M, Rönndahl M, Sundelin R, Suorra I, Torgersruud M, Torstensson I, Chang KC, Chen CP, Chen ZC, Chen MH, Cheng SM, Cheng JJ, Fang CY, Ho CJ, Hsieh IC, Huang PH, Huang A, Hwang JJ, Kuo JY, Lai WT, Lee SC, Li YH, Lin T, Liu HM, Tsai MC, Tsao HM, Tzong L, Ueng KC, Wang YL, Wang HC, Wang CP, Yang CC, Abaci F, Birdane A, Yilmaz MB, Asim Oktay AO, Kan G, Koldas N, Ozcan IT, Sahin M, Sahin T, Saka B, Tekten T, Ucar N, Uresin S, Yigit Z, Arif I, Bakhai A, Baksi A, Blagdon M, Brickman T, Brown N, Burton M, Burton J, Chaggar S, Chung A, Collier D, Covell W, Crawford G, Davies N, Davies M, Dayer M, Doughty A, Duff J, Dwenger E, Fisher J, Fitzpatrick L, Garner K, Glover J, Haughton G, Ilsley M, Ivan P, Voyzey EJ, Keenan S, Kelt T, Knight J, Kondagunta V, Lang C, Lee K, Lim L, Macdonald J, Mathew A, Mckenzie A, Mckibbin A, Michalska A, Pagett K, Pogson A, Price R, Price D, Procter K, Pye M, Redfearn H, Rewbury J, Ryding A, Sattar N, Sharp A, Shaw P, Simpson H, Smith W, Squire I, Storey R, Teenan M, Thomas H, Townend J, Trevelyan J, Wakeling J, Walukiewicz P, Wilkinson S, Zaman A, Acevedo L, Benton J, Abbate A, Aboufakher R, Acampora M, Acampora D, Aceto L, Acevedo B, Acheatel R, Adams M, Adams A, Ahmad I, Ahmed SH, Aish B, Akyea-Djamson A, Al Joundi T, Alcide P, Alfieri A, Alfonso T, Alfrey A, Allen J, Alllison DC, Almaliky T, Amos A, Angiolillo D, Antolick A, Ara M, Aragorn L, Arevalo S, Armas E, Arthur A, Asafu-Adjaye N, Ashcom T, Ashford M, Aslam A, Ather N, Atieh M, Aull L, Ayala M, Azizad M, Backer T, Baehl S, Bailey S, Bair S, Baker C, Ballmajo M, Pieretti HB, Baquero A, Barnett S, Baron S, Bartkowiak A, Bashir K, Beall K, Beauregard LA, Sarah S, Beckett L, Belejchak P, Bendelow T, Bender D, Benjamin S, Berdoff R, Berger V, Bergeron P, Berk M, Bernstein M, Binns Y, Bitzer V, Blahey M, Bloch S, Bluemel J, Boffetti P, Boley K, Bonner J, Boudreaux R, Boulanger K, Bradley A, Bramlet D, Bredlau C, Briggs S, Brousalis L, Brown S, Brown C, Buchannan C, Burke W, Burley T, Burton C, Burtt D, Byars W, Caballero-Valiente B, Carr K, Halliwell TC, Castillo J, Cei L, Cerda L, Chambers J, Chamblee T, Chattin W, Chee L, Chen YC, Cherlin R, Cheung D, Chiodi L, Christensen L, Christenson S, Cislowski D, Clavier-Firmin C, Colfer H, Colvin T, Cosgrove N, Covert C, Cox B, Cox R, Craig W, Crandall L, Crepps K, Cromer M, Cruz H, Cruz H, Cruz M, Cucher F, Damron M, Dave K, Dave B, Davis M, Davis B, Dawkins-Hughes S, Dean J, Debnam S, Defosse C, Dehning M, Dela Llana A, Dellorso M, Denham D, Desalle D, Dettmer M, Dhawan M, Diago M, Dicken T, Diederich C, Diederich M, Diehl R, Digangi D, Diller P, Dimattia M, Dodds G, Doggett J, Donahue K, Doughty L, Dragutksy B, Dreese M, Dunhurst F, Dunn D, Dutka C, Earl J, Eaton C, Eaves W, Ebeling K, Eder F, Edgerton L, Edillo C, Edwards J, Edwards T, Einhorn D, El Hafi S, Ellis M, Erickson B, Ervin W, Eskridge L, Fail P, Falcon D, Fang C, Fattal P, Fawson A, Felix L, Ferdinand K, Fien E, Fintel D, Firek C, Fitz-Patrick D, Flores E, Flores E, Flores H, Floro T, Forker A, Foster M, Foucauld J, Lehman KF, Fox B, Francoeur L, Frandsen B, Frandsen B, Frivold G, Fruchter G, Fullerton D, Gabriel J, Gacioch G, Garas S, Garcia N, Garcia Rinaldi R, Garcia-Fragoso V, Garcia-Portela M, Gelb R, George F, Ghali J, Gilbert J, Gilley J, Glancy R, Goff R, Goldberg N, Gonzales D, Gonzales V, Gonzalez E, Gorges R, Gould R, Grabeau R, Grable M, Graham JA, Graif J, Green E, Greener R, Greenway F, Grieshaber V, Griffin S, Gros C, Gudipati RVC, Guillinta P, Gupta V, Gutmann J, Gwyn M, El Hachem M, Hage F, Hageman T, Haidar A, Hakas J, Haldis T, Hall L, Hall C, Hall S, Halpern S, Hamud-Socoro A, Hardee L, Harrell W, Harrington A, Hartwell J, Hasan F, Hattler B, Haught H, Haynes E, Haywood A, Heaney L, Hecht J, Hernandez I, Herzog W, Hess E, Hill H, Hilton T, Hinderaker P, Hodnett P, Hoffman M, Hogan C, Holmes Z, Rees DH, Hotchkiss D, Huang P, Humbert J, Hutchens E, Iachini K, Ibarra M, Igbokidi O, Ilahi T, Imbrognio M, Ipp E, Iteld B, Jacques G, Jafri A, Jafry B, Jardula M, Jefferson D, Jenkins R, Johnson E, Johnson J, Jones S, Kawahara M, Kelehan S, Kelly R, Kendall T, Kereiakes D, Khan M, Khan S, Kick J, Kimmel M, King T, King A, Kirkland S, Kissel S, Kitchens D, Klein P, Klugherz B, Korban E, Koren M, Korte M, Kostis J, Kotek L, Kozak M, Kreutter F, Kusnick B, Labovitz R, Lail J, Lamance J, Lamas G, Lambert J, Lambert C, Landzberg J, Langdon J, Lavoie W, Ledger G, Lee T, Lee K, Lehman R, Leimbach W, Lennard M, Lepor N, Lester F, Levin P, Levinson L, Lewis D, Lillo J, Link L, Long C, Longaker R, Lorch G, Lucksinger G, Lynd S, Rhudy JM, Madder R, Magness K, Maheshwari A, Alan A, Malek M, Maletz L, Malhotra V, Malhotra S, Mandviwala M, Mani CK, Manuel J, Marchelletta N, Marshall L, Marsters M, Martin L, Martinez E, Mavromatis K, Maynard R, Mays M, Mays B, Mbulaiteye A, Mcalister R, Mccoy C, Mccrary D Jr, Mccullough-O'Brien H, Mcdonald M, Mcgill J, Mcgrew F, Mckenzie C, Mclaurin B, Mclellan BA, Mcneil D, Mcneill R, Mehrle A, Melbie K, Melliza T, Messina T, Meyer R, Michel K, Mikdadi G, Miller C, Miller R, Miller A, Miller G, Miller W, Mitchell J, Moats DJR, Mody F, Moffat J, Molk B, Molter D, Monroe T, Montero H, Montgomery R, Mookherjee D, Moran J, Moriarty P, Morrison J, Morton D, Moshayedi P, Mosley J, Moustafa M, Munshi K, Murray A, Mustafa J, Nadar V, Naidu R, Nalley J, Navy S, Neil L, Neutel JM, Niblack P, Nicely V, Nicolai M, Nijmeh G, Nikas A, Nikyar A, Nixon S, Norman L, Noto G, Nour K, Nugent A, Ocman B, Odegard A, Olsen S, Ortiz-Carrasquillo R, Ossino N, Paez H, Palchick B, Paliwal Y, Pannell R, Parfait V, Partridge J, Patel B, Patel R, Patel M, Patel S, Paysor C, Pena A, Pereira S, Perez M, Perez A, Perkins H, Perry B, Peters P, Phillippi C, Phillips A, Phillips A, Piacente R, Pintado M, Pish R, Pitt W, Poling T, Pomposini D, Poock J, Potts J, Poudrier R, Prior J, Pritchard C, Purighalla R, Quddusi K, Quinones J, Quinton D, Radin M, Radojcsics B, Rajput B, Rama B, Ramos M, Rauch R, Raynes K, Reber AM, Reddy J, Reeves M, Reilly K, Renaud K, Resnick H, Reyes R, Richardson M, Riethof M, Riser J, Rodero M, Rodriguez Araya E, Roper L, Rozeman P, Ruder D, Runquist L, Sack G, Saint-Jacques H, Salfity M, Sall N, Sam K, Samal A, Sanchez D, Santiago J Jr, Savignano C, Saylor R, Scheffel M, Schifferdecker B, Schindler E, Schneider P, Schneider R, Schnitzler R, Schrager B, Schwartz A, Scott R, Seals A, Shah AV, Shah A, Shatsky K, Shayani S, Shealy N, Sheets L, Shelley J, Shepard P, Shetty S, Silver K, Simon M, Singh K, Singh N, Sizemore BC, Skatrud L, Slayton C, Slimak V, Sloane G, Smallwood B, Smith P, Smith M, Smith T, Smith G, Smith B, Smith W, Smith M, Smith J, Smith J, Soca Y, Sofley C, Sopko K, Sosa-Padilla M, Sotolongo R, Sprinkle B, Srivastava S, Starzec M, Steinhoff J, Stelly L, Stinson J, Stoddard M, Stoltz S, Stone B, Stover T, Strain J, Strugatsky S, Stys T, Suleman A, Sullivan P, Tamez W, Tandon N, Teltser M, Terry PS, Terry K, Tessmar C, Thekkoott D, Thomas D, Thomas DM, Thompson E, Thompson J, Thornton A, Tjaden T, Tobias C, Topper J, Tran A, Treasure C, Trenkamp P, Trevino M, Tsou L, Tuholske C, Uy W, Vahtel M, Vaid B, Valenzuela M, Vance A, Vandam J, Vanhecke T, Vanness WC III, Vargas R, Vaz S, Vazquez Tanus J, Veerina K, Vega J, Vento A, Vijay N, Voelker F, Vogt E, Vold D, Vora K, Wade RD, Wadell C, Waksman R, Walker K, Walker K, Wallace K, Warren M, Washam M, Watson B, Webel R, Wells T, West M, Whitaker J, White J, White C, White A, White A, Wilhoit G, Wilkins M, Willingham K, Wilson S, Wilson V, Wise J, Woodall S, Woods A, Wright J, Wu J, Xu ZJ, Yarows S, Young A, Younis L, Zarate J, Zebrack J, Zhang W, Zieve F, Zineldine A, Ridker, P. M., Everett, B. M., Thuren, T., Macfadyen, J. G., Chang, W. H., Ballantyne, C., FONSECA E PIRES, CARLOS EDUARDO, Nicolau, J., Koenig, W., Anker, S. D., Kastelein, J. J. P., Cornel, J. H., Pais, P., Pella, D., Genest, J., Cifkova, R., Lorenzatti, A., Forster, T., Kobalava, Z., Vida-Simiti, L., Flather, M., Shimokawa, H., Ogawa, H., Dellborg, M., Rossi, P. R. F., Troquay, R. P. T., Libby, P., Glynn R., J, CANTOS Trial, Group, Perrone, Filardi, P, ACS - Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Vascular Medicine, ACS - Pulmonary hypertension & thrombosis, and ACS - Atherosclerosis & ischemic syndromes
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,030204 cardiovascular system & hematology ,law.invention ,0302 clinical medicine ,c-reactive protein ,Randomized controlled trial ,law ,Cardiovascular Disease ,middle aged ,double-blind method ,antibodies ,Myocardial infarction ,humans ,Stroke ,interleukin-1beta ,biology ,Antibodies, Monoclonal ,drug ,General Medicine ,Lipid ,Aged ,anti-inflammatory agents ,monoclonal ,humanized ,atherosclerosis ,cardiovascular diseases ,dose-response relationship ,female ,incidence ,infections ,lipids ,male ,myocardial infarction ,neutropenia ,secondary prevention ,stroke ,Anti-Inflammatory Agent ,aged ,Editorial ,Atherosclerosi ,Monoclonal ,Human ,medicine.drug ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Neutropenia ,Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized ,Infections ,Placebo ,antibodies, monoclonal ,dose-response relationship, drug ,infection ,medicine (all) ,03 medical and health sciences ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ,business.industry ,Antiinflammatory Therapy, Canakinumab, for Atherosclerotic Disease ,C-reactive protein ,medicine.disease ,Surgery ,Canakinumab ,030104 developmental biology ,biology.protein ,business - Abstract
Background: Experimental and clinical data suggest that reducing inflammation without affecting lipid levels may reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease. Yet, the inflammatory hypothesis of atherothrombosis has remained unproved. Methods: We conducted a randomized, double-blind trial of canakinumab, a therapeutic monoclonal antibody targeting interleukin-1β, involving 10,061 patients with previous myocardial infarction and a high-sensitivity C-reactive protein level of 2 mg or more per liter. The trial compared three doses of canakinumab (50 mg, 150 mg, and 300 mg, administered subcutaneously every 3 months) with placebo. The primary efficacy end point was nonfatal myocardial infarction, nonfatal stroke, or cardiovascular death. RESULTS: At 48 months, the median reduction from baseline in the high-sensitivity C-reactive protein level was 26 percentage points greater in the group that received the 50-mg dose of canakinumab, 37 percentage points greater in the 150-mg group, and 41 percentage points greater in the 300-mg group than in the placebo group. Canakinumab did not reduce lipid levels from baseline. At a median follow-up of 3.7 years, the incidence rate for the primary end point was 4.50 events per 100 person-years in the placebo group, 4.11 events per 100 person-years in the 50-mg group, 3.86 events per 100 person-years in the 150-mg group, and 3.90 events per 100 person-years in the 300-mg group. The hazard ratios as compared with placebo were as follows: in the 50-mg group, 0.93 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.80 to 1.07; P = 0.30); in the 150-mg group, 0.85 (95% CI, 0.74 to 0.98; P = 0.021); and in the 300-mg group, 0.86 (95% CI, 0.75 to 0.99; P = 0.031). The 150-mg dose, but not the other doses, met the prespecified multiplicity-adjusted threshold for statistical significance for the primary end point and the secondary end point that additionally included hospitalization for unstable angina that led to urgent revascularization (hazard ratio vs. placebo, 0.83; 95% CI, 0.73 to 0.95; P = 0.005). Canakinumab was associated with a higher incidence of fatal infection than was placebo. There was no significant difference in all-cause mortality (hazard ratio for all canakinumab doses vs. placebo, 0.94; 95% CI, 0.83 to 1.06; P = 0.31). Conclusions: Antiinflammatory therapy targeting the interleukin-1β innate immunity pathway with canakinumab at a dose of 150 mg every 3 months led to a significantly lower rate of recurrent cardiovascular events than placebo, independent of lipid-level lowering. (Funded by Novartis; CANTOS ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT01327846.)
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- 2017
23. Retiring or rewiring? Test of a social cognitive model of retirement planning
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Robert W. Lent and Lee T. Penn
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Social Psychology ,Sample (statistics) ,PsycINFO ,Retirement planning ,Developmental psychology ,Cognition ,medicine ,Humans ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,Self-efficacy ,Retirement ,Self-management ,Self-Management ,05 social sciences ,General Medicine ,Models, Theoretical ,Self Efficacy ,United States ,Test (assessment) ,050106 general psychology & cognitive sciences ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,Clinical Psychology ,Anxiety ,medicine.symptom ,Psychology ,Social cognitive theory - Abstract
Using the social cognitive model of career self-management (CSM; Lent & Brown, 2013), we examined theory-based predictors of retirement planning goals, decisional anxiety, and level of decidedness. Participants were 525 older workers in the United States and Canada. We first examined the psychometric properties of new or revised social cognitive measures linked to retirement planning with part of the sample (n = 200) and then tested the stability of the factor structure with the remainder of the sample (n = 325). The measurement and structural models indicated good overall model-data fit in the larger sample and across most grouping variables (nationality, income level, and gender), and support was found for most of the paths predicting retirement planning, decisional anxiety, and level of decidedness. However, some gender differences were found in aspects of self-efficacy (confidence at time vs. financial management) that were predictive of decidedness. We consider the implications of the findings for future research and practice directions applying the social cognitive model to retirement planning. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).
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- 2020
24. Immediate Improvements in Patellofemoral Pain Are Associated With Sagittal Plane Movement Training to Improve Use of Gluteus Maximus Muscle During Single Limb Landing
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Steven F. Sawyer, Christopher M. Powers, Hyung Suk Yang, Lee T. Atkins, Jean-Michel Brismée, Phillip S. Sizer, and C. Roger James
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medicine.medical_specialty ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Movement ,Population ,Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation ,Isometric exercise ,Young Adult ,Patellofemoral pain ,Physical medicine and rehabilitation ,Isometric Contraction ,medicine ,Humans ,Muscle Strength ,Gluteus maximus muscle ,education ,Muscle, Skeletal ,education.field_of_study ,Rehabilitation ,Hip ,business.industry ,Internal rotation ,Sagittal plane ,Biomechanical Phenomena ,Exercise Therapy ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Lower Extremity ,Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome ,Female ,Training program ,business - Abstract
Objective The authors sought to examine the immediate effects of movement training aimed at improving use of gluteus maximus (GMAX) in the sagittal plane on hip internal rotation and self-reported patellofemoral pain (PFP) during single-limb landing. Methods Seventeen females with PFP participated. Lower extremity kinematics and kinetics, GMAX activation, and self-reported PFP were obtained before and after a single-session movement training program aimed at increasing the use of GMAX. Dependent variables of interest included self-reported PFP, average GMAX activation, average hip extensor moment, and peak hip internal rotation. Post-training changes were evaluated using paired t tests and Wilcoxon signed rank tests. Results Following movement training, self-reported PFP decreased significantly (mean [standard deviation]) (3.9 [1.1] vs 0.8 [1.3] on a 0–10 scale). Additionally, significant increases were observed for the average hip extensor moment (0.6 [0.3] vs 1.8 [0.4] Nm/kg) and average GMAX activation (41.0% [18.3] vs 51.6% [25.7] maximum voluntary isometric contraction), whereas peak hip internal rotation decreased significantly (8.5 degrees [5.8] vs 6.0 degrees [5.3]). Conclusion Movement training aimed at improving the use of GMAX in the sagittal plane resulted in clinically relevant changes in self-reported pain, GMAX activation, and hip kinetics and kinematics. Improving the use of GMAX during movement merits consideration when designing rehabilitation programs for females with PFP. Impact The current study highlights the clinical utility of movement training for persons with PFP and provides a biomechanical rationale for its use as a potential intervention in this population.
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- 2020
25. Increased care at discharge from COVID-19: The association between pre-admission frailty and increased care needs after hospital discharge; a multicentre European observational cohort study
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Vilches-Moraga, A., Price, A., Braude, P., Pearce, L., Short, R., Verduri, A., Stechman, M., Collins, J. T., Mitchell, E., Einarsson, A. G., Moug, S. J., Quinn, T. J., Stubbs, B., Mccarthy, K., Myint, P. K., Hewitt, J., Carter, B., Davey, C., Jones, S., Lunstone, K., Cavenagh, A., Evans, L., Silver, C., Telford, T., Simmons, R., Mutasem, T. E. J., Singh, S., Paxton, D., Harris, W., Galbraith, N., Bhatti, E., Edwards, J., Duffy, S., Kelly, J., Murphy, C., Bisset, C., Alexander, R., Garcia, M., Sangani, S., Kneen, T., Lee, T., Kyriakopoulos, G., Thomas, M., Tan, D., Clini, E., Bruce, E., Rickard, F., Balow-Pay, F., Hesford, J., and Holloway, M.
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Adult ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) ,Increased care need ,medicine.medical_treatment ,lcsh:Medicine ,Aftercare ,Disease ,Comorbidity ,Logistic regression ,Cohort Studies ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Quality of life ,medicine ,Humans ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Care need ,Clinical frailty scale ,COVID-19 ,Discharge destination ,Frailty ,Older people ,Aged ,Aged, 80 and over ,Rehabilitation ,business.industry ,SARS-CoV-2 ,lcsh:R ,General Medicine ,Odds ratio ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Patient Discharge ,Emergency medicine ,Quality of Life ,Female ,business ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Cohort study ,Research Article - Abstract
BackgroundThe COVID-19 pandemic has placed significant pressure on health and social care. Survivors of COVID-19 may be left with substantial functional deficits requiring ongoing care. We aimed to determine whether pre-admission frailty was associated with increased care needs at discharge for patients admitted to hospital with COVID-19.MethodsPatients were included if aged over 18 years old and admitted to hospital with COVID-19 between 27 February and 10 June 2020. The Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS) was used to assess pre-admission frailty status. Admission and discharge care levels were recorded. Data were analysed using a mixed-effects logistic regression adjusted for age, sex, smoking status, comorbidities, and admission CRP as a marker of severity of disease.ResultsThirteen hospitals included patients: 1671 patients were screened, and 840 were excluded including, 521 patients who died before discharge (31.1%). Of the 831 patients who were discharged, the median age was 71 years (IQR, 58–81 years) and 369 (44.4%) were women. The median length of hospital stay was 12 days (IQR 6–24). Using the CFS, 438 (47.0%) were living with frailty (≥ CFS 5), and 193 (23.2%) required an increase in the level of care provided. Multivariable analysis showed that frailty was associated with an increase in care needs compared to patients without frailty (CFS 1–3). The adjusted odds ratios (aOR) were as follows: CFS 4, 1.99 (0.97–4.11); CFS 5, 3.77 (1.94–7.32); CFS 6, 4.04 (2.09–7.82); CFS 7, 2.16 (1.12–4.20); and CFS 8, 3.19 (1.06–9.56).ConclusionsAround a quarter of patients admitted with COVID-19 had increased care needs at discharge. Pre-admission frailty was strongly associated with the need for an increased level of care at discharge. Our results have implications for service planning and public health policy as well as a person's functional outcome, suggesting that frailty screening should be utilised for predictive modelling and early individualised discharge planning.
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- 2020
26. Bilingual family communication and the impact of language anxiety on cortisol reactivity
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Lee T. Gettler and Hannah Legatzke
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Adult ,Male ,Adolescent ,Hydrocortisone ,030209 endocrinology & metabolism ,Multilingualism ,Family communication ,English language ,Anxiety ,Developmental psychology ,Midwestern United States ,03 medical and health sciences ,Young Adult ,0302 clinical medicine ,Genetics ,medicine ,Humans ,0601 history and archaeology ,Family ,Cities ,Reactivity (psychology) ,Child ,Saliva ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics ,060101 anthropology ,Communication ,06 humanities and the arts ,Middle Aged ,Code-switching ,Acculturation ,Public speaking ,Anthropology ,High pressure ,Female ,Anatomy ,medicine.symptom ,Psychology - Abstract
Objectives The effects of socially evaluated tasks on stress-related behavior and physiology are often studied under artificial experimental conditions, such as contrived public speaking. Less is known about these behavioral and physiological dimensions under more routine conditions, such as family interactions. Here, we tested whether language anxiety during bilingual family conversations correlated to cortisol reactivity and speech patterns and whether family members' ages moderated this effect. Methods Individuals (N = 34) from Spanish-English bilingual families participated in prompted conversations in both languages with their family members and provided saliva that we assayed for cortisol. Participants responded to a survey about language anxiety, and we analyzed their conversations for code switching. We tested whether higher reported anxiety was correlated with increased cortisol reactivity and if participants' age moderated this effect. Results Participants' reported language anxiety was not significantly correlated with cortisol reactivity after conversations in either language. However, age significantly moderated the effect of English language anxiety. Among younger individuals, higher English language anxiety was correlated with greater cortisol reactivity after the English conversations. Older individuals did not demonstrate this same pattern. Individuals who code-switched during the English conversations had higher English language anxiety than individuals who did not. Similar patterns were not observed for the Spanish conversations. Conclusions The physiological and verbal responses to English language anxiety may be reflective of the high pressure placed on English use among bilingual families in the U.S., and the greater cortisol reactivity of younger individuals suggests they may face more identity challenging acculturation pressure.
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- 2020
27. Inequalities in air pollution exposure are increasing in the United States
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Zhou X, Abdulrahman Jbaily, Lee T, Liu J, Francesca Dominici, and Stéphane Verguet
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Burden of disease ,Ambient air pollution ,Inequality ,Air pollution exposure ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Ethnic group ,Air pollution ,Risk factor (computing) ,medicine.disease_cause ,Zip code ,Environmental health ,medicine ,Environmental science ,media_common - Abstract
Exposure to ambient air pollution contributes substantially to the global burden of disease, and in 2015, ambient exposure to PM2.5 (fine particles with a mass median aerodynamic diameter of less than 2.5 μm) was the fifth-ranking risk factor of mortality globally. We analyzed data from the US zip code tabulation areas (N=32047) for 2000-2016 and found strong evidence of inequalities in exposure to PM2.5 among both racial/ethnic and income groups. Most alarming, we found that these inequalities have been increasing over time. From 2010 to 2016 inequalities in the exposure to PM2.5 levels above 8 μg/m3 across racial/ethnic, and income groups increased by factors of 1.6 and 4.0 respectively. As shown in our powerful map visualizations, these results indicate that air pollution regulations must not only decrease PM2.5 concentration levels nationwide but also prioritize reducing environmental injustice across the US.
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- 2020
28. Relationship Between Self-efficacy and Performance of Simulated Neonatal Chest Compressions and Ventilation
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Kristin R. Hoffman, Lee T. Donohue, and Mark A. Underwood
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Resuscitation ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Neonatal intensive care unit ,Epidemiology ,Population ,Psychological intervention ,Medicine (miscellaneous) ,Nursing Staff, Hospital ,Manikins ,Spearman's rank correlation coefficient ,Education ,Correlation ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Task Performance and Analysis ,Medicine ,Humans ,education ,Simulation Training ,Self-efficacy ,education.field_of_study ,030504 nursing ,business.industry ,Infant, Newborn ,030208 emergency & critical care medicine ,Respiration, Artificial ,Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation ,Self Efficacy ,Modeling and Simulation ,Physical therapy ,Clinical Competence ,0305 other medical science ,business ,Neonatal resuscitation - Abstract
Introduction Because improved competence in caring for patients is difficult to measure, self-efficacy (the strength of one's belief in one's ability to complete a task) is often used as a surrogate measurement of clinical ability. However, studies in adults and children have shown at best only weak correlations between self-efficacy and performance. This correlation has not been well studied in neonatal resuscitation limiting the utility of self-efficacy as a measurement of the effectiveness of interventions in this population. The objective of this study was to determine whether self-efficacy correlates with performance of simulated neonatal chest compressions and ventilation. Methods Sixty-nine neonatal fellows, neonatal nurse practitioners, neonatologists, and nurses completed a 7-point Likert scale in which they reported their ability to perform ventilations and chest compressions. The participants then performed chest compressions and bag-valve-mask ventilation on a mannequin. The performance of participants was compared with the rating of their ability using Spearman rank correlation coefficient. Results There was no correlation between participants' self-assessment and performance of chest compressions (rs = 0.003) or bag-valve-mask ventilation (rs = 0.08). There was a correlation between experience (years of neonatal intensive care unit experience, number of mock codes, and number of real codes) and the ratings of self-efficacy as well as between the number of mock codes and ventilation performance. Conclusions In this study, self-reported efficacy had no correlation to clinical skills in neonatal resuscitation; participants both overestimated and underestimated their clinical proficiency. Prior participation in mock codes in the neonatal intensive care unit was the only factor that correlated with resuscitation performance.
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- 2020
29. Community Needs Assessments in a Student-Run Clinic serving a West Philadelphia Neighborhood
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Abelman R, Daniel J. Arenas, Lee T, Heather Klusaritz, Arthur Thomas, Su I, Richmond A, Sourik Beltrán, Rauf R, Zhou S, Raman S, Baginski C, Vila-Arroyo G, Hallak Dd, and Noche R
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High rate ,medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,Family medicine ,Needs assessment ,Health care ,Psychological intervention ,Medicine ,Community awareness ,Student Run Clinic ,business ,Health needs - Abstract
BackgroundWhile Community Needs Assessments (CNAs) are an important tool for Student-Run Clinics (SRCs) to understand local communities’ healthcare needs, few studies have evaluated CNAs and their impact on care provided at SRCs.ObjectiveEvaluate results from two CNAs of an SRC in East Parkside, Philadelphia to better comprehend (1) community awareness and opinions regarding the SRC and (2) local healthcare concerns and access.Methods58 and 105 East Parkside residents were surveyed in 2011 and 2015 respectively. The results were analyzed to quantify various health-related measures in the community.ResultsResults showed high rates of hypertension, asthma, and diabetes. Rates of pap-smear and hypertension screening matched national averages while mammograms and colonoscopies were below national rates. Both CNAs showed that less than 40% of community members were aware of the clinic’s existence.ConclusionsCNAs can provide valuable insights regarding local health needs which can inform future healthcare interventions.
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- 2020
30. Biomechanical effects of ulnar styloid fracture repair techniques on distal radio-ulnar joint stability
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Maniglio, M, Park, IJ, Truong, V, Flueckiger, R, Wright, D, Kuenzler, M, Bollinger, L, Zumstein, M, Mcgarry, M, and Lee, T
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ulnar styloid ,ddc: 610 ,fracture ,repair ,stability ,610 Medical sciences ,Medicine ,DRUJ - Abstract
Objectives/Interrogation: Ulnar styloid fractures (USF) accompany up to 65% of distal radius fractures; however, the cases in which fixation of an USF are indicated is not conclusively defined. Approximatley 10% of USF fractures are addressed surgically but there is no consensus as to[for full text, please go to the a.m. URL], 14th Triennial Congress of the International Federation of Societies for Surgery of the Hand (IFSSH), 11th Triennial Congress of the International Federation of Societies for Hand Therapy (IFSHT), 11th Triennial Congress of the International Federation of Societies for Hand Therapy (IFSHT)
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- 2020
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31. An anatomical study of the ulnar footprint of the distal radio-ulnar ligaments in relation to the ulnar styloid and the ulnar head
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Maniglio, M, Lin, C, Park, IJ, Patel, N, Flueckiger, R, Kuenzler, M, McGarry, M, and Lee, T
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body regions ,ulnar styloid ,anatomy ,ddc: 610 ,integumentary system ,ulnar head ,distal radio-ulnar ligament ,610 Medical sciences ,Medicine ,DRUJ - Abstract
Objectives/Interrogation: The distal radioulnar ligaments (DRUL) are considered major stabilizers of the DRUJ. The DRUL can be separated into superficial and deep layers and the dorsal and volar portions of each tighten reciprocally during forearm pronation and supination. Ulnar styloid fractures[for full text, please go to the a.m. URL], 14th Triennial Congress of the International Federation of Societies for Surgery of the Hand (IFSSH), 11th Triennial Congress of the International Federation of Societies for Hand Therapy (IFSHT), 11th Triennial Congress of the International Federation of Societies for Hand Therapy (IFSHT)
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- 2020
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32. Biomechanical characterization of ulnar styloid fracture size for instability of the distal radio ulnar joint
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Maniglio, M, Park, IJ, Fraipont, W, Flueckiger, R, Wright, D, Kuenzler, M, Bollinger, L, Zumstein, M, McGarry, M, and Lee, T
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ulnar styloid ,instability ,ddc: 610 ,fracture ,610 Medical sciences ,Medicine ,DRUJ - Abstract
Objectives/Interrogation: The deep component of the distal radioulnar ligaments (DRUL) inserts on the ulnar styloid and ulnar fovea and is considered as the most important stabilizer of the distal radioulnar joint (DRUJ). Ulnar styloid fractures (USF) may cause DRUJ instability depending on the[for full text, please go to the a.m. URL], 14th Triennial Congress of the International Federation of Societies for Surgery of the Hand (IFSSH), 11th Triennial Congress of the International Federation of Societies for Hand Therapy (IFSHT), 11th Triennial Congress of the International Federation of Societies for Hand Therapy (IFSHT)
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- 2020
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33. Neuropathologic features associated with basal forebrain atrophy in Alzheimer disease
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Teipel, Stefan J, Fritz, H-Christian, Toga, Arthur W., Roberts, Peggy, Albert, Marilyn, Onyike, Chiadi, Kielb, Stephanie, Rusinek, Henry, de Leon, Mony J, Glodzik, Lidia, De Santi, Susan, Doraiswamy, P. Murali, Petrella, Jeffrey R., Beckett, Laurel, Coleman, R. Edward, Arnold, Steven E., Karlawish, Jason H., Wolk, David, Smith, Charles D., Jicha, Greg, Hardy, Peter, Lopez, Oscar L., Oakley, MaryAnn, Simpson, Donna M., Green, Robert C., Porsteinsson, Anton P., Goldstein, Bonnie S., Martin, Kim, Makino, Kelly M., Ismail, M. Saleem, Brand, Connie, Mulnard, Ruth A., Thai, Gaby, Mc-Adams-Ortiz, Catherine, Womack, Kyle, Saykin, Andrew J., Mathews, Dana, Quiceno, Mary, Diaz-Arrastia, Ramon, King, Richard, Weiner, Myron, Martin-Cook, Kristen, DeVous, Michael, Levey, Allan I., Lah, James J., Cellar, Janet S., Morris, John, Burns, Jeffrey M., Anderson, Heather S., Swerdlow, Russell H., Apostolova, Liana, Lu, Po H., Bartzokis, George, Silverman, Daniel H. S., Graff-Radford, Neill R, Parfitt, Francine, Johnson, Heather, Liu, Enchi, Farlow, Martin R., Hake, Ann Marie, Matthews, Brandy R., Herring, Scott, van Dyck, Christopher H., Carson, Richard E., MacAvoy, Martha G., Chertkow, Howard, Bergman, Howard, Hosein, Chris, Black, Sandra, Stefanovic, Bojana, Caldwell, Curtis, Hsiung, Ging-Yuek Robin, Feldman, Howard, Mudge, Benita, Assaly, Michele, Kertesz, Andrew, Rogers, John, Trost, Dick, Montine, Tom, Bernick, Charles, Munic, Donna, Kerwin, Diana, Mesulam, Marek-Marsel, Lipowski, Kristina, Wu, Chuang-Kuo, Johnson, Nancy, Sadowsky, Carl, Martinez, Walter, Villena, Teresa, Petersen, Ronald, Scott Turner, Raymond, Johnson, Kathleen, Reynolds, Brigid, Sperling, Reisa A., Johnson, Keith A., Marshall, Gad, Frey, Meghan, Yesavage, Jerome, Taylor, Joy L., Lane, Barton, Aisen, Paul, Rosen, Allyson, Tinklenberg, Jared, Sabbagh, Marwan, Belden, Christine, Jacobson, Sandra, Kowall, Neil, Killiany, Ronald, Budson, Andrew E., Norbash, Alexander, Johnson, Patricia Lynn, Grothe, Michel, Gamst, Anthony, Obisesan, Thomas O., Wolday, Saba, Bwayo, Salome K., Lerner, Alan, Hudson, Leon, Ogrocki, Paula, Fletcher, Evan, Carmichael, Owen, Olichney, John, DeCarli, Charles, Thomas, Ronald G., Kittur, Smita, Borrie, Michael, Lee, T-Y, Bartha, Rob, Johnson, Sterling, Asthana, Sanjay, Carlsson, Cynthia M., Potkin, Steven G., Preda, Adrian, Nguyen, Dana, Donohue, Michael, Tariot, Pierre, Fleisher, Adam, Reeder, Stephanie, Bates, Vernice, Capote, Horacio, Rainka, Michelle, Scharre, Douglas W., Kataki, Maria, Zimmerman, Earl A., Celmins, Dzintra, Walter, Sarah, Brown, Alice D., Pearlson, Godfrey D., Blank, Karen, Anderson, Karen, Santulli, Robert B., Schwartz, Eben S., Sink, Kaycee M., Williamson, Jeff D., Garg, Pradeep, Gessert, Devon, Watkins, Franklin, Ott, Brian R., Querfurth, Henry, Tremont, Geoffrey, Salloway, Stephen, Malloy, Paul, Correia, Stephen, Rosen, Howard J., Miller, Bruce L., Mintzer, Jacobo, Sather, Tamie, Longmire, Crystal Flynn, Spicer, Kenneth, Finger, Elizabether, Rachinsky, Irina, Drost, Dick, Pomara, Nunzio, Hernando, Raymundo, Sarrael, Antero, Schultz, Susan K., Boles Ponto, Laura L., Shim, Hyungsub, Smith, Karen Elizabeth, Relkin, Norman, Chaing, Gloria, Raudin, Lisa, Smith, Amanda, Fargher, Kristin, Raj, Balebail Ashok, Harvey, Danielle, Initiative, Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging, Kornak, John, Jack, Clifford R., Dale, Anders, Bernstein, Matthew, Felmlee, Joel, Fox, Nick, Thompson, Paul, Schuff, Norbert, Alexander, Gene, Weiner, Michael, Jagust, William, Bandy, Dan, Koeppe, Robert A., Foster, Norm, Reiman, Eric M., Chen, Kewei, Mathis, Chet, Cairns, Nigel J., Taylor-Reinwald, Lisa, Trojanowki, J. Q., Shaw, Les, Lee, Virginia M Y, Korecka, Magdalena, Crawford, Karen, Neu, Scott, Foroud, Tatiana M., Potkin, Steven, Shen, Li, Kachaturian, Zaven, Frank, Richard, Snyder, Peter J., Molchan, Susan, Kaye, Jeffrey, Quinn, Joseph, Lind, Betty, Dolen, Sara, Schneider, Lon S., Pawluczyk, Sonia, Spann, Bryan M., Brewer, James, Vanderswag, Helen, Heidebrink, Judith L., Lord, Joanne L., Johnson, Kris, Doody, Rachelle S., Villanueva-Meyer, Javier, Chowdhury, Munir, Stern, Yaakov, Honig, Lawrence S., Bell, Karen L., Morris, John C., Ances, Beau, Carroll, Maria, Leon, Sue, Mintun, Mark A., Schneider, Stacy, Trojanowki, John Q., Marson, Daniel, Griffith, Randall, Clark, David, Grossman, Hillel, Mitsis, Effie, Romirowsky, Aliza, deToledo-Morrell, Leyla, Shah, Raj C., Duara, Ranjan, Varon, Daniel, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, European Commission, and Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España)
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0301 basic medicine ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Multivariate analysis ,diagnostic imaging [Basal Forebrain] ,Basal Forebrain ,pathology [Basal Forebrain] ,Logistic regression ,Article ,03 medical and health sciences ,pathology [Alzheimer Disease] ,0302 clinical medicine ,Atrophy ,Alzheimer Disease ,Internal medicine ,Ischaemic stroke ,Medicine ,Humans ,ddc:610 ,Stroke ,Cost implications ,Aged ,Aged, 80 and over ,pathology [Atrophy] ,business.industry ,medicine.disease ,Magnetic Resonance Imaging ,030104 developmental biology ,Charlson comorbidity index ,Female ,Neurology (clinical) ,Alzheimer's disease ,business ,diagnostic imaging [Alzheimer Disease] ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery - Abstract
Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative., [Objective] To study the neuropathologic correlates of cholinergic basal forebrain (BF) atrophy as determined using antemortem MRI in the Alzheimer disease (AD) spectrum., [Methods] We determined associations between BF volume from antemortem MRI brain scans and postmortem assessment of neuropathologic features, including neuritic plaques, neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs), Lewy body (LB) pathology, and TDP-43, in 64 cases of the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative cohort. For comparison, we assessed neuropathologic features associated with hippocampal and parahippocampal gyrus atrophy. In addition to region of interest–based analysis, we determined the association of neuropathologic features with whole brain gray matter volume using regionally unbiased voxel-based volumetry., [Results] BF atrophy was associated with Thal amyloid phases (95% confidence interval [CI] −0.49 to −0.01, p = 0.049) and presence of LB pathology (95% CI −0.54 to −0.06, p = 0.015), as well as with the degree of LB pathology within the nucleus basalis Meynert (95% CI −0.54 to −0.07, p = 0.025). These effects were no longer significant after false discovery rate (FDR) correction. Hippocampal atrophy was significantly associated with the presence of TDP-43 pathology (95% CI −0.61 to −0.17, p = 0.003; surviving FDR correction), in addition to dentate gyrus NFT load (95% CI −0.49 to −0.01, p = 0.044; uncorrected). Voxel-based analysis confirmed spatially restricted effects of Thal phases and presence of LB pathology on BF volume., [Conclusions] These findings indicate that neuropathologic correlates of regional atrophy differ substantially between different brain regions that are typically involved in AD-related neurodegeneration, including different susceptibilities to common comorbid pathologies., M.J.G. is supported by the “Miguel Servet” program [CP19/00031] of the Spanish Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII-FEDER).
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- 2020
34. The genetic architecture of the human cerebral cortex
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Grasby, Katrina L, Jahanshad, Neda, Shatokhina, Natalia, Mirza-Schreiber, Nazanin, Moreira, Jose C V, Mühleisen, Thomas W, Müller-Myhsok, Bertram, Najt, Pablo, Nakahara, Soichiro, Nho, Kwangsik, Olde Loohuis, Loes M, Orfanos, Dimitri Papadopoulos, Pearson, John F, Zsembik, Leo C P, Pitcher, Toni L, Pütz, Benno, Quidé, Yann, Ragothaman, Anjanibhargavi, Rashid, Faisal M, Reay, William R, Redlich, Ronny, Reinbold, Céline S, Repple, Jonathan, Richard, Geneviève, Thomopoulos, Sophia I, Riedel, Brandalyn C, Risacher, Shannon L, Rocha, Cristiane S, Mota, Nina Roth, Salminen, Lauren, Saremi, Arvin, Saykin, Andrew J, Schlag, Fenja, Schmaal, Lianne, Schofield, Peter R, Zhu, Alyssa H, Secolin, Rodrigo, Shapland, Chin Yang, Shen, Li, Shin, Jean, Shumskaya, Elena, Sønderby, Ida E, Sprooten, Emma, Tansey, Katherine E, Teumer, Alexander, Thalamuthu, Anbupalam, Strike, Lachlan T, Tordesillas-Gutiérrez, Diana, Turner, Jessica A, Uhlmann, Anne, Vallerga, Costanza Ludovica, van der Meer, Dennis, van Donkelaar, Marjolein M J, van Eijk, Liza, van Erp, Theo G M, van Haren, Neeltje E M, van Rooij, Daan, Agartz, Ingrid, van Tol, Marie-José, Veldink, Jan H, Verhoef, Ellen, Walton, Esther, Wang, Mingyuan, Wang, Yunpeng, Wardlaw, Joanna M, Wen, Wei, Westlye, Lars T, Whelan, Christopher D, Alhusaini, Saud, Witt, Stephanie H, Wittfeld, Katharina, Wolf, Christiane, Wolfers, Thomas, Wu, Jing Qin, Yasuda, Clarissa L, Zaremba, Dario, Zhang, Zuo, Zwiers, Marcel P, Artiges, Eric, Almeida, Marcio A A, Assareh, Amelia A, Ayesa-Arriola, Rosa, Belger, Aysenil, Brandt, Christine L, Brown, Gregory G, Cichon, Sven, Curran, Joanne E, Davies, Gareth E, Degenhardt, Franziska, Dennis, Michelle F, Alnæs, Dag, Dietsche, Bruno, Djurovic, Srdjan, Doherty, Colin P, Espiritu, Ryan, Garijo, Daniel, Gil, Yolanda, Gowland, Penny A, Green, Robert C, Häusler, Alexander N, Heindel, Walter, Amlien, Inge K, Ho, Beng-Choon, Hoffmann, Wolfgang U, Holsboer, Florian, Homuth, Georg, Hosten, Norbert, Jack, Clifford R, Jang, MiHyun, Jansen, Andreas, Kimbrel, Nathan A, Kolskår, Knut, Painter, Jodie N, Andersson, Micael, Koops, Sanne, Krug, Axel, Lim, Kelvin O, Luykx, Jurjen J, Mathalon, Daniel H, Mather, Karen A, Mattay, Venkata S, Matthews, Sarah, Mayoral Van Son, Jaqueline, McEwen, Sarah C, Ard, Tyler, Melle, Ingrid, Morris, Derek W, Mueller, Bryon A, Nauck, Matthias, Nordvik, Jan E, Nöthen, Markus M, O'Leary, Daniel S, Opel, Nils, Martinot, Marie-Laure Paillère, Pike, G Bruce, Armstrong, Nicola J, Preda, Adrian, Quinlan, Erin B, Rasser, Paul E, Ratnakar, Varun, Reppermund, Simone, Steen, Vidar M, Tooney, Paul A, Torres, Fábio R, Veltman, Dick J, Voyvodic, James T, Ashley-Koch, Allison, Whelan, Robert, White, Tonya, Yamamori, Hidenaga, Adams, Hieab H H, Bis, Joshua C, Debette, Stephanie, Decarli, Charles, Fornage, Myriam, Gudnason, Vilmundur, Hofer, Edith, Atkins, Joshua R, Ikram, M Arfan, Launer, Lenore, Longstreth, W. T., Lopez, Oscar L, Mazoyer, Bernard, Mosley, Thomas H, Roshchupkin, Gennady V, Satizabal, Claudia L, Schmidt, Reinhold, Seshadri, Sudha, Bernard, Manon, Yang, Qiong, Initiative, Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging, Consortium, CHARGE, Consortium, EPIGEN, Consortium, IMAGEN, Consortium, SYS, Initiative, Parkinson’s Progression Markers, Alvim, Marina K M, Ames, David, Anderson, Tim J, Brouwer, Rachel M, Andreassen, Ole A, Arias-Vasquez, Alejandro, Bastin, Mark E, Baune, Bernhard T, Beckham, Jean C, Blangero, John, Boomsma, Dorret I, Brodaty, Henry, Brunner, Han G, Buckner, Randy L, Buimer, Elizabeth E L, Buitelaar, Jan K, Bustillo, Juan R, Cahn, Wiepke, Cairns, Murray J, Calhoun, Vince, Carr, Vaughan J, Caseras, Xavier, Caspers, Svenja, Cavalleri, Gianpiero L, Cendes, Fernando, Bülow, Robin, Corvin, Aiden, Crespo-Facorro, Benedicto, Dalrymple-Alford, John C, Dannlowski, Udo, de Geus, Eco J C, Deary, Ian J, Delanty, Norman, Depondt, Chantal, Desrivières, Sylvane, Donohoe, Gary, Bürger, Christian, Espeseth, Thomas, Fernández, Guillén, Fisher, Simon E, Flor, Herta, Forstner, Andreas J, Francks, Clyde, Franke, Barbara, Glahn, David C, Gollub, Randy L, Grabe, Hans J, Colodro-Conde, Lucía, Cannon, Dara M, Gruber, Oliver, Håberg, Asta K, Hariri, Ahmad R, Hartman, Catharina A, Hashimoto, Ryota, Heinz, Andreas, Henskens, Frans A, Hillegers, Manon H J, Hoekstra, Pieter J, Holmes, Avram J, Chakravarty, Mallar, Hong, L Elliot, Hopkins, William D, Hulshoff Pol, Hilleke E, Jernigan, Terry L, Jönsson, Erik G, Kahn, René S, Kennedy, Martin A, Kircher, Tilo T J, Kochunov, Peter, Kwok, John B J, Chen, Qiang, Le Hellard, Stephanie, Loughland, Carmel M, Martin, Nicholas G, Martinot, Jean-Luc, McDonald, Colm, McMahon, Katie L, Meyer-Lindenberg, Andreas, Michie, Patricia T, Morey, Rajendra A, Mowry, Bryan, Cheung, Joshua W, Nyberg, Lars, Oosterlaan, Jaap, Ophoff, Roel A, Pantelis, Christos, Paus, Tomas, Pausova, Zdenka, Penninx, Brenda W J H, Polderman, Tinca J C, Posthuma, Danielle, Rietschel, Marcella, Couvy-Duchesne, Baptiste, Roffman, Joshua L, Rowland, Laura M, Sachdev, Perminder S, Sämann, Philipp G, Schall, Ulrich, Schumann, Gunter, Scott, Rodney J, Sim, Kang, Sisodiya, Sanjay M, Smoller, Jordan W, Dale, Anders M, Sommer, Iris E, St Pourcain, Beate, Stein, Dan J, Toga, Arthur W, Trollor, Julian N, Van der Wee, Nic J A, van 't Ent, Dennis, Völzke, Henry, Walter, Henrik, Weber, Bernd, Dalvie, Shareefa, Weinberger, Daniel R, Wright, Margaret J, Zhou, Juan, Stein, Jason L, Thompson, Paul M, Medland, Sarah E, Consortium, Enhancing NeuroImaging Genetics through Meta-Analysis, Witte, A Veronica, Darin, Abigail, Fleisher, Adam, de Araujo, Tânia K, Pierce, Aimee, Mintz, Akiva, Lerner, Alan, Reith, Alastair D, Hofman, Albert, Espay, Alberto, Ihlenfeld, Albrecht, Ing, Alex, Iranzo, Alex, Beiser, Alexa S, de Zubicaray, Greig I, Norbash, Alexander, Barbot, Alexis, Rudolph, Alice, Portillo, Alicia, Chalker, Alison, Levey, Allan I, Rosen, Allyson, Smith, Amanda, Catafau, Ana, de Zwarte, Sonja M C, Ulysse, Anaztasia, Uitterlinden, André G, Becker, Andreas, Budson, Andrew E, Kertesz, Andrew, Siderowf, Andrew, Bralten, Janita, den Braber, Anouk, Singleton, Andrew, James, Angela, Oliver, Angela, Mishra, Aniket, Hake, Ann Marie, Burke, Anna, Sarrael, Antero, Porsteinsson, Anton P, Stringaris, Argyris, McCoy, Arita, Doan, Nhat Trung, Villringer, Arno, Lenahan, Art, Toga, Arthur, Bokde, Arun, Rawlins, Ashlee, Lamb, Ashley, Lee, Athena, Raj, Balebail Ashok, Tran, Baochan, Dohm, Katharina, Ruggeri, Barbara, Saba, Barbara, Lane, Barton, Yanez, Beatriz, Ances, Beau, Dunlop, Becky, Mudge, Benita, Ravina, Bernard, Ittermann, Bernd, Ehrlich, Stefan, van Noort, Betteke, Lind, Betty, Shah, Bina, Stefanovic, Bojana, Goldstein, Bonnie S, Bonakdarpour, Borna, Matthews, Brandy R, Borowski, Bret, Ott, Brian R, Reynolds, Brigid, Engelbrecht, Hannah-Ruth, Mollenhauer, Brit, Miller, Bruce L, Psaty, Bruce M, Spann, Bryan M, Sadowsky, Carl, Linder, Carly, Franz, Carol E, Tanner, Caroline, Kopil, Catherine, Thomas, Cathi-Ann, Erk, Susanne, Ward, Chad, Bernick, Charles, Smith, Charles D, DeCarli, Charles, Caspell, Chelsea, Deeley, Cheryl, Riordan, Cheryl, Mathis, Chet, Onyike, Chiadi, Heyn, Chris Chinthaka, Fan, Chun Chieh, Hosein, Chris, Leach, Christi, Bÿchel, Christian, Gigliotti, Christina, Hunter, Christine, Belden, Christine M, Tzourio, Christophe, Coffey, Christopher, van Dyck, Christopher H, Clark, Christopher M, Fedko, Iryna O, Wu, Chuang-Kuo, Albers, Colleen S, Chu, Congying, Brand, Connie, Isensee, Corinna, van Duijn, Cornelia M, Bishop, Courtney, Bodge, Courtney, Foley, Sonya F, Tatsuoka, Curtis, Casaceli, Cynthia, Carlsson, Cynthia M, Mathews, Dana, D'Agostino, Daniel, Silverman, Daniel H S, Marson, Daniel, Berg, Daniela, Harvey, Danielle, Jennings, Danna, Ford, Judith M, Wolk, David A, Goldstein, David B, Bachman, David, Brooks, David, Clark, David, Geldmacher, David, Hart, David, Holtzman, David, Jones, David, Hibar, Derrek P, Fukunaga, Masaki, Knopman, David, Hewitt, David L, Perry, David, Russell, David, Standaert, David, Winkfield, David, Green, Davis Robert C, Fontaine, Deborah, Miller, Delwyn D, Gessert, Devon, Garrett, Melanie E, Kerwin, Diana, Willeke, Diana, Drost, Dick, Papadopoulos, Dimitri, Rowe, Dominic, Simpson, Donna M, Muni, Donna, Galasko, Douglas, Scharre, Douglas W, Fillmer, Ariane, Ge, Tian, Bartha, Rob, Celmins, Dzintra, Zimmerman, Earl A, Teng, Edmond, Tolosa, Eduardo, Coleman, Edward, Zamrini, Edward, Mitsis, Effie, Finger, Elizabeth, Giddaluru, Sudheer, Oates, Elizabeth, Sosa, Elizabeth, Woo, Ellen, Rogalski, Emily, Lethbridge, Emma, Dooley, Eoin, Foster, Eric, Reiman, Eric M, Quinlan, Erin Burke, Goldman, Aaron L, Franklin, Erin, Heinzen, Erin L, Fletcher, Evan, Sprenger, Fabienne, Crivello, Fabrice, Biondo, Francesca, Parfitt, Francine, Hefti, Franz, Beyer, Frauke, Nees, Frauke, Green, Melissa J, Leonard, Gabriel, Robert, Gabriel, Thai, Gaby, Marshall, Gad A, Barker, Gareth, Conrad, Gary, Tremont, Geoffrey, Bartzokis, George, Groenewold, Nynke A, Hsiung, Ging-Yuek Robin, Malferrari, Giulia, Chiang, Gloria, Pearlson, Godfrey D, Liang, Grace, Jicha, Greg, Sorensen, Greg, Todd, Gretchen, Jimenez, Gustavo, Grotegerd, Dominik, Zare, Habil, Grabe, Hans Jörgen, Vanderswag, Helen, Schmidt, Helena, Venkov, Heli, Lemaitre, Hervé, Gurholt, Tiril P, Grossman, Hillel, Shill, Holly, Soares, Holly, Lin, Honghuang, Capote, Horacio, Bergman, Howard, Chertkow, Howard, Feldman, Howard, Fillit, Howard, Rosen, Howard J, Gutman, Boris A, Koleva, Hristina, Fernandez, Hubert, Garavan, Hugh, Shim, Hyungsub, Grachev, Igor D, Richard, Irene, Filippi, Irina, Rachinsky, Irina, Wurster, Isabel, Lind, Penelope A, Hansell, Narelle K, Mintzer, Jacobo, Ziolkowski, Jaimie, Brewer, James, Lah, James J, Leverenz, James, Becker, James T, Tetrud, James, Singleton-Garvin, Jamika, Egebjerg, Jan, Cellar, Janet S, Harris, Mathew A, Pentilla, Jani, Brosch, Jared R, Tinklenberg, Jared, Karlawish, Jason H, Meyer, Javier Villanueva, Himali, Jayandra J, Poline, Jean-Baptiste, Gunter, Jeff, Kaye, Jeffrey A, Harrison, Marc B, Dalley, Jeffrey, Burns, Jeffrey M, Petrella, Jeffrey R, Mule, Jennifer, Salazar, Jennifer, Rotter, Jerome I, Yesavage, Jerome, Cedarbaum, Jesse, Jiang, Jiyang, Haswell, Courtney C, Allard, Joanne, Lord, Joanne L, Hetelle, Joel, Kwok, John B, Brockington, John, Morris, John C, Hsiao, John, Morris, John, Olichney, John, Trojanowki, John Q, Hauser, Michael, Rogers, John, Seibyl, John, Yankey, Jon, Dubow, Jordan S, Jankovic, Joseph, Quinn, Joseph, Kass, Joseph S, Taylor, Joy L, Heidebrink, Judith L, Herms, Stefan, Trollor, Julian, Fröhner, Juliane, Anderson, Karen, Blank, Karen, Crawford, Karen, Smith, Karen Ekstam, Bell, Karen L, Williams, Karen, Kieburtz, Karl, Heslenfeld, Dirk J, Gauss, Katharina, Gloer, Katherine, Johnson, Kathleen, Tingus, Kathleen, DeMarco, Kathryn, Sink, Kaycee M, Hawkins, Keith A, Johnson, Keith A, Kantarci, Kejal, Ho, New Fei, Faber, Kelley, Harless, Kelly, Makino, Kelly M, Marek, Kenneth, Spicer, Kenneth, Shianna, Kevin, Chen, Kewei, Nam, Ki Won, Martin, Kim, Poki-Walker, Kim, Hoehn, David, Seppi, Klaus, Johnson, Kris, Fargher, Kristin, Lipowski, Kristine, Espay, Kristy, Womack, Kyle, Chahine, Lama, Flashman, Laura A, Daedelow, Laura, Hoffmann, Per, Leary, Laura, Beckett, Laurel, Honig, Lawrence S, Thal, Leon, Shaw, Leslie M, Kuller, Lew, Apostolova, Liana, Teodoro, Liberty, Rees, Linda, Pizzagalli, Fabrizio, Holleran, Laurena, Lewis, Lindsay, Hergesheimer, Lindsey, Silbert, Lisa C, Ravdin, Lisa, Taylor-Reinwald, Lisa, Uribe, Liz, Schneider, Lon S, Daiello, Lori A, Richer, Louis, Poustka, Luise, Hoogman, Martine, Pirpamer, Lukas, Mesulam, M Marcel, Ismail, M Saleem, Ranola, Madelaine, Korecka, Magdalena, Raichle, Marc, Seltzer, Marc, van der Brug, Marcel, Hottenga, Jouke-Jan, Mesulam, Marek-Marsel, Carrillo, Maria, Carroll, Maria, Knol, Maria J, Kataki, Maria, Greig-Custo, Maria T, Paillere, Marie-Laure, Albert, Marilyn, Love, Marissa Natelson, Ikeda, Masashi, Mintun, Mark A, Frasier, Mark, Logue, Mark, Minton, Mark, Loeffler, Markus, Scholz, Markus, Baca, Marne, Farlow, Martin R, Sadowski, Martin, Janowitz, Deborah, Creech, Mary L, Hynes, Mary L, Quiceno, Mary, Oakley, MaryAnn, Harris, Mat, Senjem, Matt, Bernstein, Matthew, Panizzon, Matthew S, Stern, Matthew, Becerra, Mauricio, Jansen, Iris E, Witbracht, Megan, Vernooij, Meike W, Brandabur, Melanie, Keltz, Melanie, Lamar, Melissa, Yang, Mia, Ahlijanian, Michael, Borrie, Michael, Neale, Michael C, Donohue, Michael, Jia, Tianye, Lyons, Michael J, Lin, Michael, Rapp, Michael, Smolka, Michael, Weiner, Michael W, Weiner, Michael, Figurski, Michal, Perron, Michel, Assaly, Michele, Luciano, Michelle, Jockwitz, Christiane, Rainka, Michelle, Dang, Mimi, Sheikh, Mohammed O, Ghanbari, Mohsen, Gaikwad, Mrunalini, Chowdhury, Munir, Trncic, Nadira, Amin, Najaf, Johnson, Nancy, Kanai, Ryota, Kowalksi, Nancy, Monahan, Nancy, Gillespie, Nathan A, Pacini, Nathaniel, Buckholtz, Neil, Kowall, Neil, Graff-Radford, Neill R, Fox, Nick, Pavese, Nicola, Karama, Sherif, Cairns, Nigel J, Schuff, Norbert, Foster, Norm, Relkin, Norman, Oyonumo, Ntekim E, Pomara, Nunzio, James, Olga, Ogunlana, Olu, Ching, Christopher R K, Kasperaviciute, Dalia, Carmichael, Owen, Doraiswamy, P Murali, Casalin, Paola, Barone, Paolo, Fatica, Parianne, Conrod, Patricia, Johnson, Patricia Lynn, Samuels, Patricia, Aisen, Paul, Malloy, Paul, Kaufmann, Tobias, Thompson, Paul, Ogrocki, Paula, Bezivin-Frere, Pauline, Maillard, Pauline, Fontoura, Paulo, Taylor, Peggy, Hogarth, Penelope, Gowland, Penny, Davies, Peter, Kelly, Sinead, Hardy, Peter, Snyder, Peter J, Snyder, Peter, Amouyel, Philippe, Muglia, Pierandrea, Tariot, Pierre, Lu, Po H, Varma, Pradeep, Vemuri, Prashanthi, Kikuchi, Masataka, Doody, Rachelle S, Carter, Raina, Shah, Raj C, Griffith, Randall, Yeh, Randy, Duara, Ranjan, Tarawneh, Rawan, James, Raymond, Turner, Raymond Scott, Klein, Marieke, Hernando, Raymundo, Silverstein, Rebecca, Sperling, Reisa A, Wilson, Renee, Carson, Richard E, Frank, Richard, El Khouli, Riham, Koeppe, Robert A, Santulli, Robert B, Knapp, Michael, Hauser, Robert, Umek, Robert, Radtke, Rodney, Killiany, Ronald, Petersen, Ronald, Rodriguez, Rosemarie, Miranda, Ruben, Knodt, Annchen R, Bruehl, Ruediger, Xia, Rui, Swerdlow, Russell H, Ottmann, Ruth, Millenet, Sabina, Borges-Neto, Salvador, Frank, Samuel, Black, Sandra, Weintraub, Sandra, Obradov, Sanja, Krämer, Bernd, Asthana, Sanjay, Vaishnavi, Sanjeev, Dolen, Sara, Mason, Sara S, Hohmann, Sarah, Kremen, Sarah, Miller, Sarah, Walter, Sarah, Herring, Scott, Neu, Scott, Lam, Max, Aydin, Semiha, Ahmad, Shahzad, Harlan, Sherry, Sirrel, Sherye A, Lasch, Shirley, Hu, Shu-Ching, Li, Shuo, Kittur, Smita, Chowdhury, Sohini, Lancaster, Thomas M, Pawluczyk, Sonia, Maingault, Sophie, Schneider, Stacy, Seiler, Stephan, Guthrie, Stephanie, Kielb, Stephanie, Reeder, Stephanie, Correia, Stephen, Pasternak, Stephen, McMahon, Mary Agnes B, Lee, Phil H, Salloway, Stephen, Johnson, Sterling, Williams, Steve, Chao, Steven, Arnold, Steven E, Paul, Steven, Potkin, Steven, Factor, Stewart, Isaacson, Stuart, Lett, Tristram A, Kim, Sungeun, Ainscough, Susan, Schultz, Susan K, Landau, Susan, Mendick, Susan, Rountree, Susan, Ostrowizki, Suzanne, Veillette, Suzanne, van der Lee, Sven J, Desrivieres, Sylvane, Lewis, Lindsay B, Lee, T-Y, Simuni, Tanya, Foroud, Tatiana, Foroud, Tatiana M, Wong, Terence Z, Villena, Teresa, Comery, Thomas, Obisesan, Thomas O, Lopes-Cendes, Iscia, Banaschewski, Tobias, Sherer, Todd, Montine, Tom, Paus, Tomáš, Robbins, Trevor, Bromberg, Uli, Völker, Uwe, Pavlik, Valory, Arnedo, Vanessa, Kiyasova, Vera, Bates, Vernice, Logovinsky, Veronika, Sossi, Vesna, Shibley, Victoria, Frouin, Vincent, Lee, Virginia, Poewe, Werner, Jagust, William, Brooks, William M, Macciardi, Fabio, Pavlosky, William, Potter, William, Kremen, William S, Longstreth, William T, Niessen, Wiro J, Jian, Xueqiu, Stern, Yaakov, Saba, Yasaman, Cabrera, Yuliana, Grimmer, Yvonne, Marquand, Andre F, Khachaturian, Zaven, Mari, Zoltan, Mathias, Samuel R, Melzer, Tracy R, Milaneschi, Yuri, Interdisciplinary Centre Psychopathology and Emotion regulation (ICPE), Guided Treatment in Optimal Selected Cancer Patients (GUTS), Clinical Cognitive Neuropsychiatry Research Program (CCNP), Movement Disorder (MD), Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative, CHARGE Consortium, EPIGEN Consortium, IMAGEN Consortium, SYS Consortium, Parkinson’s Progression Markers Initiative, Stochastics, Biological Psychology, APH - Health Behaviors & Chronic Diseases, APH - Mental Health, Science and Society, Cognitive Psychology, IBBA, APH - Personalized Medicine, Complex Trait Genetics, APH - Methodology, Clinical Neuropsychology, Sociology and Social Gerontology, Amsterdam Neuroscience - Complex Trait Genetics, RS: MHeNs - R2 - Mental Health, Psychiatrie & Neuropsychologie, Klinische Genetica, RS: GROW - R4 - Reproductive and Perinatal Medicine, MUMC+: DA Klinische Genetica (5), Neurology, Psychiatry, Pediatric surgery, Amsterdam Reproduction & Development (AR&D), Human genetics, APH - Digital Health, Psychology, Precision Medicine Institute of Psychiatry, Child and Adolescent Psychiatry / Psychology, Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, Clinical Genetics, Epidemiology, Medical Informatics, Service NEUROSPIN (NEUROSPIN), Université Paris-Saclay-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Neurodegeneratives Diseases Institute (IMN-UMR CNRS 5293), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), General Paediatrics, ARD - Amsterdam Reproduction and Development, Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), and Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay
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0301 basic medicine ,Netherlands Twin Register (NTR) ,[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio] ,LOCI ,Genome-wide association study ,Brain mapping ,0302 clinical medicine ,Cognition ,Cortex (anatomy) ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS ,Cerebral Cortex ,0303 health sciences ,Brain Mapping ,Multidisciplinary ,COMMON VARIANTS ,Parkinson Disease ,Organ Size ,Central sulcus ,Magnetic Resonance Imaging ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Cerebral cortex ,Neuroinformatics ,EXPRESSION ,endocrine system ,central sulcus ,SURFACE-AREA ,Biology ,Article ,03 medical and health sciences ,SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being ,Genetic variation ,medicine ,Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder ,Humans ,General ,Gene ,METAANALYSIS ,030304 developmental biology ,Progenitor ,CORTICAL SULCI ,Neurodevelopmental disorders Donders Center for Medical Neuroscience [Radboudumc 7] ,Genetic variants ,Genetic Variation ,Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity ,Genetic Loci ,Genome-Wide Association Study ,functional annotation ,medicine.disease ,Genetic architecture ,030104 developmental biology ,Evolutionary biology ,OBSERVER-INDEPENDENT CHARACTERIZATION ,Multiple comparisons problem ,ddc:320 ,genome-wide association ,Neuroscience ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery - Abstract
Enhancing NeuroImaging Genetics through Meta-Analysis Consortium (ENIGMA)—Genetics working group., The cerebral cortex underlies our complex cognitive capabilities, yet little is known about the specific genetic loci that influence human cortical structure. To identify genetic variants that affect cortical structure, we conducted a genome-wide association meta-analysis of brain magnetic resonance imaging data from 51,665 individuals. We analyzed the surface area and average thickness of the whole cortex and 34 regions with known functional specializations. We identified 199 significant loci and found significant enrichment for loci influencing total surface area within regulatory elements that are active during prenatal cortical development, supporting the radial unit hypothesis. Loci that affect regional surface area cluster near genes in Wnt signaling pathways, which influence progenitor expansion and areal identity. Variation in cortical structure is genetically correlated with cognitive function, Parkinson's disease, insomnia, depression, neuroticism, and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.
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- 2020
35. Effects of arm weight on gait performance in healthy subjects
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C. Roger James, Phillip S. Sizer, Neeraj A. Kumar, Steven F. Sawyer, Hyung Suk Yang, Lee T. Atkins, and Jongyeol Kim
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Adult ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Waist ,Biophysics ,Experimental and Cognitive Psychology ,Walking ,Affect (psychology) ,Weight-Bearing ,Young Adult ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Gait (human) ,Physical medicine and rehabilitation ,Humans ,Medicine ,Orthopedics and Sports Medicine ,Muscle activity ,Muscle, Skeletal ,Gait ,Electromyography ,business.industry ,Healthy population ,Body Weight ,Healthy subjects ,030229 sport sciences ,General Medicine ,Healthy Volunteers ,Biomechanical Phenomena ,Walking Speed ,Arm swing ,Arm ,Female ,Cadence ,business ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery - Abstract
Previous studies have investigated how additional arm weights affect gait. Although light weights (0.45 kg) seemed to elicit performance improvements in Parkinsonian patients, it was not studied how light weights affect gait parameters in healthy individuals. It is important to understand normal responses in a healthy population so that clinical effects might be better understood. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of arm weights on arm swing amplitude, gait performance, and muscle activity in healthy people. Twenty-two subjects walked overground at their preferred speed under different weight carriage conditions (C1: no weight; C2: unilateral arm weight; C3: bilateral arm weights; C4: waist weights). Gait speed increased in C2 (p = 0.018) and C4 (p = 0.013) when compared with C1(C1: 1.21 ± 0.08; C2: 1.25 ± 0.11; C3: 1.24 ± 0.11; C4: 1.25 ± 0.11 m/s) with an increase in cadence during C2 (p 0.001), C3 (p = 0.008), and C4 (p 0.001) (C1: 105.5 ± 5.2; C2: 108.5 ± 5.6; C3: 107.9 ± 5.6; C4: 108.5 ± 5.3 steps/min) and in tibialis anterior electromyographic activity on the unweighted side in C2 (p = 0.048) (C1: 21.05 ± 4.59; C2: 25.10 ± 6.10; C3: 23.93 ± 4.75; C4: 24.33 ± 6.32 μV). The results indicate that an additional sensory input with the application of the weights may result in an overcompensation with the whole body and facilitate faster walking speed when applied on one arm or around the waist. The locations of the weights and amount of the weights may elicit different responses. Various strategies of adding weights should be further investigated as a potential intervention to improve performance in individuals with various gait impairments. Although there is evidence for benefits of this intervention in Parkinsonian patients, further study is warranted in other patient populations, such as stroke patients, who might benefit from this intervention to improve gait performance.
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- 2018
36. An orally available, brain-penetrant CAMKK2 inhibitor reduces food intake in rodent model
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Tony Y. Wang, Chiara Piubelli, Lee T. Schaller, Pierette Banker, Stefano Tacconi, Paula Selley, Todd W. Shearer, Robert A. Reid, Federico Faggioni, Daniel J. Price, Richard F. Cox, Shawn P. Williams, David H. Drewry, Michela Tessari, Richard G. Buckholz, Patrick R. Maloney, Paul R. Reid, Brian D. Thompson, Xi Liang, Jeffery L. Smith, Octerloney B. McDonald, and Ilaria Sartori
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0301 basic medicine ,Indoles ,Clinical Biochemistry ,Administration, Oral ,Pharmaceutical Science ,Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Kinase ,Pharmacology ,Biochemistry ,Eating ,Inhibitory Concentration 50 ,Mice ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,0302 clinical medicine ,Pharmacokinetics ,Weight loss ,Drug Discovery ,medicine ,Animals ,Protein Kinase Inhibitors ,Molecular Biology ,CAMKK2 ,Kinase ,Organic Chemistry ,Brain ,AMPK ,Hydrogen Bonding ,Ghrelin ,Bioavailability ,030104 developmental biology ,chemistry ,Mutagenesis ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Molecular Medicine ,Phosphorylation ,medicine.symptom ,Penetrant (biochemical) - Abstract
Hypothalamic CAMKK2 represents a potential mechanism for chemically affecting satiety and promoting weight loss in clinically obese patients. Single-digit nanomolar inhibitors of CAMKK2 were identified in three related ATP-competitive series. Limited optimization of kinase selectivity, solubility, and pharmacokinetic properties were undertaken on all three series, as SAR was often transferrable. Ultimately, a 2,4-diaryl 7-azaindole was optimized to afford a tool molecule that potently inhibits AMPK phosphorylation in a hypothalamus-derived cell line, is orally bioavailable, and crosses the blood–brain barrier. When dosed orally in rodents, compound 4 t limited ghrelin-induced food intake.
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- 2018
37. Developing drugs for treatment of atopic dermatitis in children (≥3 months to <18 years of age): Draft guidance for industry
- Author
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Donald Y.M. Leung, Adelaide A. Hebert, Amy S. Paller, Theodore A. Omachi, Suephy C. Chen, Eric L. Simpson, Wynnis L. Tom, Mark Boguniewicz, Emily Altman, Lynda C. Schneider, Joshua D. Milner, Thomas Hultsch, Robert Sidbury, Andrew Blauvelt, Susan J. Tofte, Diane Hanna, Jennifer C. Jaworski, Jeffrey L Sugarman, Lee T. Zane, Julie Block, Kelly M. Cordoro, Christine Schneider, Sharif A. Taha, Lucinda Whitney, Charles Arena, Kimberly A. Horii, Peter A. Lio, Elaine C. Siegfried, Timothy Smith, James Lee, Lawrence F. Eichenfield, Megha M. Tollefson, and Dennis P. West
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Adolescent ,Drug Industry ,Population ,Guidelines as Topic ,Dermatology ,Disease ,Dermatitis, Atopic ,030207 dermatology & venereal diseases ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Protocol design ,030225 pediatrics ,Humans ,Medicine ,Chronic skin disease ,Child ,education ,Intensive care medicine ,Clinical Trials as Topic ,education.field_of_study ,United States Food and Drug Administration ,business.industry ,Clinical study design ,Infant ,Atopic dermatitis ,medicine.disease ,United States ,Clinical trial ,Drug development ,Child, Preschool ,Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health ,Dermatologic Agents ,business - Abstract
Atopic dermatitis is the most common chronic skin disease, and it primarily affects children. Although atopic dermatitis (AD) has the highest effect on burden of skin disease, no high-level studies have defined optimal therapy for severe disease. Corticosteroids have been used to treat AD since the 1950s and remain the only systemic medication with Food and Drug Administration approval for this indication in children, despite published guidelines of care that recommend against this option. Several clinical trials with level 1 evidence have supported the use of topical treatments for mild to moderate atopic dermatitis in adults and children, but these trials have had little consistency in protocol design. Consensus recommendations will help standardize clinical development and trial design for children. The Food and Drug Administration issues guidance documents for industry as a source for "the Agency's current thinking on a particular subject." Although they are nonbinding, industry considers these documents to be the standard for clinical development and trial design. Our consensus group is the first to specifically address clinical trial design in this population. We developed a draft guidance document for industry, Developing Drugs for Treatment of Atopic Dermatitis in Children (≥3 months to
- Published
- 2018
38. The Joint Roles of Career Decision Self-Efficacy and Personality Traits in the Prediction of Career Decidedness and Decisional Difficulty
- Author
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Lee T. Penn and Robert W. Lent
- Subjects
Self-efficacy ,Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management ,Extraversion and introversion ,education ,05 social sciences ,Conscientiousness ,Neuroticism ,Developmental psychology ,050106 general psychology & cognitive sciences ,0502 economics and business ,medicine ,Anxiety ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,Career decision ,Big Five personality traits ,medicine.symptom ,Psychology ,050203 business & management ,General Psychology ,Applied Psychology ,Social cognitive theory - Abstract
We examined the differential roles that career decision-making self-efficacy and the Big Five traits of neuroticism, extroversion, and conscientiousness may play in relation to career decision status and decisional difficulty. Following assumptions of the social cognitive model of career self-management, we hypothesized that the relations of the personality traits to level of decidedness and choice/commitment anxiety (CCA), a key source of indecision, would be mediated by self-efficacy. We also examined the possibility that the traits could function to moderate the relation of self-efficacy to the dependent variables. Employing a sample of 182 undergraduates, we found support for a mediational model in which each of the personality traits relates to self-efficacy which, in turn, predicts CCA and decidedness. In addition, conscientiousness was found to moderate the relation of career decision-making self-efficacy to CCA, and extroversion moderated the relation of self-efficacy to decidedness. We consider the findings in relation to the social cognitive model and discuss their implications for future research and career decision-making interventions.
- Published
- 2018
39. Early Relief of Pruritus in Atopic Dermatitis with Crisaborole Ointment, A Non-steroidal, Phosphodiesterase 4 Inhibitor
- Author
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Lee T. Zane, Anna M. Tallman, Linda Stein Gold, Jonathan I. Silverberg, Mark Lebwohl, and Gil Yosipovitch
- Subjects
Adult ,Boron Compounds ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Time Factors ,Adolescent ,Dermatology ,Administration, Cutaneous ,Dermatitis, Atopic ,law.invention ,Ointments ,030207 dermatology & venereal diseases ,03 medical and health sciences ,atopicdermatitis ,0302 clinical medicine ,Double-Blind Method ,Quality of life ,Randomized controlled trial ,law ,phosphodiesterase4inhibitor ,Phosphodiesterase 4 Inhibitor ,Post-hoc analysis ,lcsh:Dermatology ,Humans ,Medicine ,Child ,skin and connective tissue diseases ,Antipruritic ,crisaborole ,business.industry ,Remission Induction ,Crisaborole ,Antipruritics ,General Medicine ,Atopic dermatitis ,pruritus ,lcsh:RL1-803 ,medicine.disease ,Clinical trial ,body regions ,Treatment Outcome ,Child, Preschool ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Female ,Phosphodiesterase 4 Inhibitors ,business ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Pruritus occurs in all patients with atopic dermatitis and requires quick relief to reduce disease exacerbation and improve quality of life. Crisaborole ointment is a non-steroidal phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitor for the treatment of mild-to-moderate atopic dermatitis. This post hoc analysis explores crisaborole ointment for early relief of pruritus in patients with mild to moderate atopic dermatitis from 2 phase III studies. Patients received crisaborole or vehicle twice daily for 28 days. Pruritus was graded on a 4-point scale of none (0) to severe (3). Early improvement in pruritus required a score of none (0) or mild (1), with a ≥ 1-grade improvement from baseline on day 6. Significantly more patients experienced early improvement in pruritus with crisaborole than with vehicle (56.6% vs 39.5%; p< 0.001), including at earliest assessment (day 2, 34.3% vs 27.3%; p = 0.013). Crisaborole is a topical treatment option that can rapidly relieve atopic dermatitis-associated pruritus.
- Published
- 2018
40. Menarcheal timing is accelerated by favorable nutrition but unrelated to developmental cues of mortality or familial instability in Cebu, Philippines
- Author
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Moira A. Kyweluk, Judith B. Borja, Lee T. Gettler, Christopher W. Kuzawa, and Alexander V. Georgiev
- Subjects
0106 biological sciences ,Developmental nutrition ,business.industry ,05 social sciences ,050109 social psychology ,Experimental and Cognitive Psychology ,Context (language use) ,medicine.disease ,010603 evolutionary biology ,01 natural sciences ,Obesity ,Life history theory ,Developmental psychology ,Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous) ,Menarche ,Medicine ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,Sibling ,business ,Psychosocial ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics ,Human Females ,Demography - Abstract
Understanding the determinants of pubertal timing, particularly menarche in girls, is an important area of investigation owing to the many health, psychosocial, and demographic outcomes related to reproductive maturation. Traditional explanations emphasized the role of favorable nutrition in maturational acceleration. More recently, work has documented early maturity in relation to markers of familial and environmental instability (e.g. paternal absence), which are hypothesized to serve as cues triggering adaptive adjustment of life history scheduling. While these studies hint at an ability of human females to accelerate maturity in stressful environments, most have focused on populations characterized by energetic excess. The present study investigates the role of developmental nutrition alongside cues of environmental risk and instability (maternal absence, paternal absence, and sibling death) as predictors of menarcheal age in a well-characterized birth cohort born in 1983 in metropolitan Cebu, the Philippines. In this sample, which was marked by a near-absence of childhood overweight and obesity, we find that menarcheal age is not predicted by cues of risk and instability measured at birth and during childhood and early adolescence, but that infancy weight gain and measures of favorable childhood nutrition are strong predictors of maturational acceleration. These findings contrast with studies of populations in which psychosocial stress and instability co-occur with excess weight. The present findings suggest that infancy and childhood nutrition may exert greater influence on age at menarche than psychosocial cues in environments characterized by marginal nutrition, and that puberty is often delayed, rather than accelerated, in the context of stressful environments.
- Published
- 2018
41. Cerebral blood flow by radioisotope technique : experimental and clinical aspects
- Author
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Lee, T. Y.
- Subjects
610 ,Medicine - Published
- 1980
42. Global general pediatric surgery partnership: The UCLA–Mozambique experience
- Author
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Shant Shekherdimian, Abraar Karan, Brittni Johnson, Lee T. Miller, Atanasio Taela, Daniel A. DeUgarte, Deborah B. Martins, and Vanda Amado
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,International Cooperation ,education ,Child Welfare ,Context (language use) ,Pediatrics ,Article ,Paediatrics and Reproductive Medicine ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Nursing ,Clinical Research ,030225 pediatrics ,Pediatric surgery ,medicine ,Humans ,Child ,Poverty ,Referral and Consultation ,Mozambique ,Retrospective Studies ,Quality of Health Care ,Pediatric ,business.industry ,Evaluation of treatments and therapeutic interventions ,Level iv ,General Medicine ,Evidence-based medicine ,Academic ,United States ,General Surgery ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,General partnership ,Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health ,Needs assessment ,Educational resources ,Referral center ,Surgery ,Patient Safety ,Partnership ,business ,6.4 Surgery - Abstract
Background/purpose There has been increasing recognition of the disparities in surgical care throughout the world. Increasingly, efforts are being made to improve local infrastructure and training of surgeons in low-income settings. The purpose of this study was to review the first 5-years of a global academic pediatric general surgery partnership between UCLA and the Eduardo Mondlane University in Maputo, Mozambique. Methods A mixed-methods approach was utilized to perform an ongoing needs assessment. A retrospective review of admission and operative logbooks was performed. Partnership activities were summarized. Results The needs assessment identified several challenges including limited operative time, personnel, equipment, and resources. Review of logbooks identified a high frequency of burn admissions and colorectal procedures. Partnership activities focused on providing educational resources, on-site proctoring, training opportunities, and research collaboration. Conclusion This study highlights the spectrum of disease and operative case volume of a referral center for general pediatric surgery in sub-Saharan Africa, and it provides a context for academic partnership activities to facilitate training and improve the quality of pediatric general surgical care in limited-resource settings. Level of evidence Level IV.
- Published
- 2017
43. Evaluation of the efficacy and safety of tavaborole topical solution, 5%, in the treatment of onychomycosis of the toenail in adults: a pooled analysis of an 8-week, post-study follow-up from two randomized phase 3 studies
- Author
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Steve Hall, Lee T. Zane, Phoebe Rich, Aditya K. Gupta, and Shari R. Lipner
- Subjects
Adult ,Boron Compounds ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Antifungal Agents ,Long term follow up ,Administration, Topical ,Dermatology ,Drug Administration Schedule ,030207 dermatology & venereal diseases ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Double-Blind Method ,Onychomycosis ,Humans ,Medicine ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Aged ,Foot Dermatoses ,Tavaborole ,integumentary system ,business.industry ,Topical antifungal ,Tinea unguium ,Middle Aged ,Bridged Bicyclo Compounds, Heterocyclic ,Placebo Effect ,Tavaborole Topical Solution ,Treatment Outcome ,Pooled analysis ,Hypertension ,Female ,business ,Follow-Up Studies - Abstract
The role of topical antifungal agents in the long-term management of toenail onychomycosis is not well established. The current study evaluated durability of clinical benefit of tavaborole topical solution, 5%, for the treatment of toenail onychomycosis.We conducted a pooled analysis of 8-week, post-study follow-up (PSFU) data from two phase 3, randomized controlled trials in a subset of patients who experienced complete or almost clear nail (CN) at the end of treatment (week 52); 48 weeks of treatment with once-daily tavaborole compared with placebo in adults with distal subungual onychomycosis was evaluated at week 60. Complete cure (completely CN plus negative mycology) of the target great toenail and treatment success (10% nail involvement plus negative mycology) were evaluated at week 52 versus week 60.Of the 62 patients who completed the PSFU, complete cure was higher in the tavaborole-treated group versus the vehicle control group (28.6% vs. 7.7%). Additionally, treatment success was 53.1% for the tavaborole group versus 23.1% in the vehicle group. Small sample size entering the PSFU limited robust statistical analysis.Tavaborole topical solution, 5%, appears to provide durable clinical benefit, making it an attractive long-term treatment option for dermatophyte-associated onychomycosis of the toenail.
- Published
- 2017
44. Carotid flow pulsatility is higher in women with greater decrement in gait speed during multi-tasking
- Author
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Hyung Suk Yang, Joaquin U. Gonzales, Michael W. O'Boyle, C. Roger James, Lee T. Atkins, Daniel Jensen, and Kareem Al-Khalil
- Subjects
Adult ,030506 rehabilitation ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Carotid Artery, Common ,Biophysics ,Pulsatile flow ,Walking ,03 medical and health sciences ,Vascular Stiffness ,0302 clinical medicine ,Gait (human) ,Physical medicine and rehabilitation ,medicine.artery ,medicine ,Humans ,Cognitive Dysfunction ,Orthopedics and Sports Medicine ,Common carotid artery ,Gait ,Aged ,Aged, 80 and over ,business.industry ,Rehabilitation ,Multitasking Behavior ,Ultrasonography, Doppler ,Blood flow ,Middle Aged ,Walking Speed ,Pulse pressure ,Preferred walking speed ,Pulsatile Flow ,Physical therapy ,Female ,Aortic stiffness ,0305 other medical science ,business ,human activities ,Blood Flow Velocity ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Cognitive load - Abstract
Central arterial hemodynamics is associated with cognitive impairment. Reductions in gait speed during walking while performing concurrent tasks known as dual-tasking (DT) or multi-tasking (MT) is thought to reflect the cognitive cost that exceeds neural capacity to share resources. We hypothesized that central vascular function would associate with decrements in gait speed during DT or MT.Gait speed was measured using a motion capture system in 56 women (30-80y) without mild-cognitive impairment. Dual-tasking was considered walking at a fast-pace while balancing a tray. Multi-tasking was the DT condition plus subtracting by serial 7's. Applanation tonometry was used for measurement of aortic stiffness and central pulse pressure. Doppler-ultrasound was used to measure blood flow velocity and β-stiffness index in the common carotid artery.The percent change in gait speed was larger for MT than DT (14.1±11.2 vs. 8.7±9.6%, p0.01). Tertiles were formed based on the percent change in gait speed for each condition. No vascular parameters differed across tertiles for DT. In contrast, carotid flow pulsatility (1.85±0.43 vs. 1.47±0.42, p=0.02) and resistance (0.75±0.07 vs. 0.68±0.07, p=0.01) indices were higher in women with more decrement (third tertile) as compared to women with less decrement (first tertile) in gait speed during MT after adjusting for age, gait speed, and task error. Carotid pulse pressure and β-stiffness did not contribute to these tertile differences.Elevated carotid flow pulsatility and resistance are characteristics found in healthy women that show lower cognitive capacity to walk and perform multiple concurrent tasks.
- Published
- 2017
45. Association of ethnicity, Fitzpatrick skin type, and hirsutism: A retrospective cross-sectional study of women with polycystic ovarian syndrome
- Author
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Lauri A. Pasch, Ladan Afifi, Kanade Shinkai, Marcelle I. Cedars, Lee T. Zane, Heather G. Huddleston, and Lina Saeed
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,endocrine system diseases ,Skin type ,Cross-sectional study ,Ethnic group ,030209 endocrinology & metabolism ,Dermatology ,hyperandrogenism ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,PCOS ,medicine ,In patient ,hirsutism ,Original Research ,Gynecology ,030219 obstetrics & reproductive medicine ,business.industry ,Fitzpatrick skin type ,Hyperandrogenism ,medicine.disease ,female genital diseases and pregnancy complications ,RL1-803 ,ethnicity ,business ,modified Ferriman-Gallwey ,human activities - Abstract
Background: The complex interplay between ethnicity, Fitzpatrick skin type (FST), and hirsutism in patients with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is poorly understood. Objective: In this cross-sectional, retrospective analysis, we examined the prevalence, severity, and distribution of hirsutism with clinician-rated site-specific and total modified Ferriman-Gallwey (mFG) visual scoring in a diverse cohort of American patients with PCOS. Methods: Independent analyses were conducted on the basis of patient-reported FST ratings and ethnicity. Results: In this PCOS cohort, a correlation was found between hirsutism and ethnicity and the highest prevalence of hirsutism and total mFG scores was observed in Hispanic, Middle Eastern, African American, and South Asian patients. A positive correlation between hirsutism and FST was also observed with an increasing prevalence of hirsutism in the group of patients with higher FSTs. Significant trends in the anatomic distribution of hirsutism were observed between ethnic groups as well. A higher facial mFG score was found in African American patients but higher mFG scores in the truncal and extremity regions were observed in Middle Eastern patients. Truncal hirsutism was also associated with higher FSTs. Conclusions: Ethnicity and FST may be important variables in both the quantitative and qualitative presentations of hirsutism in women with PCOS and should be considered in the diagnostic evaluation of any patient who is suspected of having the condition. Previously published studies that examined ethnicity, FST, and hirsutism in homogeneous cohorts limited comparison and generalizability but the strength of this study lies in its detailed analysis within a single large and diverse PCOS cohort. Validated studies are needed to determine whether clinical criteria for hirsutism should be adjusted for ethnicity and FST in the PCOS population and particularly within diverse cohorts and patients of mixed ancestry. Keywords: PCOS, hirsutism, ethnicity, Fitzpatrick skin type, hyperandrogenism, modified Ferriman-Gallwey
- Published
- 2017
46. The role of testosterone in coordinating male life history strategies: The moderating effects of the androgen receptor CAG repeat polymorphism
- Author
-
Calen P. Ryan, Daniel Eisenberg, Lee T. Gettler, Christopher W. Kuzawa, M. Geoffrey Hayes, Alan B. Feranil, Margarita Rzhetskaya, and Sonny Agustin Bechayda
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,0301 basic medicine ,Longitudinal study ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Philippines ,Sexual Behavior ,Behavioral neuroscience ,Life history theory ,Fathers ,Young Adult ,03 medical and health sciences ,Behavioral Neuroscience ,0302 clinical medicine ,Endocrinology ,Trinucleotide Repeats ,Polymorphism (computer science) ,Internal medicine ,Genetic variation ,medicine ,Humans ,Testosterone ,Longitudinal Studies ,Marriage ,Life History Traits ,Paternal Behavior ,Polymorphism, Genetic ,Endocrine and Autonomic Systems ,Infant, Newborn ,Androgen receptor ,030104 developmental biology ,Receptors, Androgen ,Female ,Psychology ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Hormone - Abstract
Partnered fathers often have lower testosterone than single non-parents, which is theorized to relate to elevated testosterone (T) facilitating competitive behaviors and lower T contributing to nurturing. Cultural- and individual-factors moderate the expression of such psychobiological profiles. Less is known about genetic variation's role in individual psychobiological responses to partnering and fathering, particularly as related to T. We examined the exon 1 CAG (polyglutamine) repeat (CAGn) within the androgen receptor (AR) gene. AR CAGn shapes T's effects after it binds to AR by affecting AR transcriptional activity. Thus, this polymorphism is a strong candidate to influence individual-level profiles of "androgenicity." While males with a highly androgenic profile are expected to engage in a more competitive-oriented life history strategy, low androgenic men are at increased risk of depression, which could lead to similar outcomes for certain familial dynamics, such as marriage stability and parenting. Here, in a large longitudinal study of Filipino men (n=683), we found that men who had high androgenicity (elevated T and shorter CAGn) or low androgenicity (lower T and longer CAGn) showed elevated likelihood of relationship instability over the 4.5-year study period and were also more likely be relatively uninvolved with childcare as fathers. We did not find that CAGn moderated men's T responses to the fatherhood transition. In total, our results provide evidence for invested fathering and relationship stability at intermediate levels of androgenicity and help inform our understanding of variation in male reproductive strategies and the individual hormonal and genetic differences that underlie it.
- Published
- 2017
47. Can a neonatal sepsis risk calculator safely decrease unnecessary evaluation for neonatal sepsis and the number of newborns exposed to antibiotics?
- Author
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Lia Vellardita and Lee T. Dresang
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Neonatal sepsis ,medicine.drug_class ,business.industry ,Antibiotics ,medicine ,Fundamentals and skills ,medicine.disease ,Intensive care medicine ,business - Published
- 2020
48. Theranostics by testing CFTR modulators in patient-derived materials: The current status and a proposal for subjects with rare CFTR mutations
- Author
-
Amaral, MD, De Boeck, K, On behalf of the ECFS Strategic Planning Task Force on ‘Speeding up access to new drugs for CF’, Amaral, M, Davies, JC, Drevinek, P, Elborn, S, Kerem, E, and Lee, T
- Subjects
Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine ,Cystic Fibrosis ,Respiratory System ,Cell Culture Techniques ,Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator ,ECFS Strategic Planning Task Force on ‘Speeding up access to new drugs for CF’ ,Theranostic Nanomedicine ,Drug Development ,Membrane Transport Modulators ,Humans ,Medicine ,In patient ,Molecular Targeted Therapy ,Registries ,Drug pipeline ,Drug Approval ,Pharmaceutical industry ,business.industry ,Task force ,1103 Clinical Sciences ,Public relations ,Quality Improvement ,Europe ,Drug development ,Mutation ,Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health ,business - Abstract
The last decade has witnessed developments in the CF drug pipeline which are both exciting and unprecedented, bringing with them previously unconsidered challenges. The Task Force group came together to consider these challenges and possible strategies to address them. Over the last 18 months, we have discussed internally and gathered views from a broad range of individuals representing patient organizations, clinical and research teams, the pharmaceutical industry and regulatory agencies. In this and the accompanying article, we discuss two main areas of focus: i) optimising trial design and delivery for speed/efficiency; ii) drug development for patients with rare CFTR mutations. We propose some strategies to tackle the challenges ahead and highlight areas where further thought is needed. We see this as the start of a process rather than the end and hope herewith to engage the wider community in seeking solutions to improved treatments for all patients with CF.
- Published
- 2019
49. The influence of sagittal trunk posture on the magnitude and rate of patellofemoral joint stress during stair ascent in asymptomatic females
- Author
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Daniel Grimes, Nancy Heuer, Lee T. Atkins, and Cevan Smithson
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,Knee Joint ,Posture ,Biophysics ,Kinematics ,Asymptomatic ,03 medical and health sciences ,Patellofemoral Joint ,Young Adult ,0302 clinical medicine ,Stress, Physiological ,medicine ,Humans ,Orthopedics and Sports Medicine ,Ground reaction force ,Range of Motion, Articular ,Orthodontics ,business.industry ,Rehabilitation ,Biomechanics ,Torso ,030229 sport sciences ,Trunk ,Sagittal plane ,Stair Climbing ,Biomechanical Phenomena ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Reaction ,Female ,medicine.symptom ,business ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Stair ascent - Abstract
Excessive patellofemoral joint stress (PFJS) is thought to be a contributory factor to patellofemoral pain (PFP). Thus, treatment strategies that minimize PFJS rate and magnitude during painful activities like stair ascent may be useful for optimizing outcomes for PFP patients. Sagittal plane trunk posture has been shown to influence PFJS during running although it is unknown if a similar relationship exists during stair ascent.Does altering sagittal plane trunk posture affect PFJS rate and/or magnitude during stair ascent?Twenty asymptomatic females (23.4±2.5 yr; height: 164.4±7.9 cm; mass: 63.0±12.2 kg) performed 5 stair ascent trials (96 steps/min) during 3 conditions: self-selected trunk (SS), flexed trunk (FLX), and extended trunk (EXT). Three-dimensional kinematics (200 Hz) and ground reaction forces (2000 Hz) were collected during each trial. A previously described mathematical model was used to calculate PFJS that included subject-specific and non-subject-specific model inputs. Dependent variables included sagittal plane trunk angle, and the rates and magnitudes of PFJS, patellofemoral joint reaction force (PFJRF), and PFJ contact area during the stance phase of stair ascent.Compared to SS, peak PFJS decreased during FLX (mean difference (MD)=2.6 MPa; p0.001; 95%CI=2.2 to 2.9; effect size (ES)=5.2) and increased during EXT (MD=-3.3 MPa; p0.001; 95%CI=-3.9 to -2.6; ES=-3.4). Similarly, PFJS rate decreased during FLX (MD=17.8 MPa/sec; p0.001; 95%CI=13.6 to 21.9; ES=3.6) and increased during EXT (MD=-14 MPa/sec; 95%CI=-19.4 to -8.7; p0.001; ES=-2.2).Sagittal plane trunk posture influences PFJS rate and magnitude during stair ascent in asymptomatic females. Increasing and decreasing forward trunk flexion resulted in decreased and increased PFJS respectively. Future studies should examine the effects of these movement strategy modifications on pain and function in patients with PFP.
- Published
- 2019
50. Evolution and Human Fatherhood
- Author
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Adam H. Boyette and Lee T. Gettler
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Endocrinology ,business.industry ,Internal medicine ,Medicine ,Testosterone (patch) ,business ,Paternal care - Abstract
This chapter reviews research on the evolution of paternal care in humans. It examines human fatherhood within the phylogenetic distribution of paternal care in vertebrates, especially mammals. Phylogenetic comparisons draw out several correlates of paternal care across species, with the most important being social monogamy. Research on the evolution of paternal care in humans has also focused on the relationship between social monogamy and the evolution of paternal care. The chapter reviews this research and major debates around whether male provisioning was a key adaptation in the evolution of pair-bonds and human life history. It discusses evidence for direct male care and summarizes a possible evolutionary sequence of its evolution in humans. It considers studies on the neuroendocrinology of male care in humans, drawing from comparative studies where appropriate. Lastly, this chapter outlines several major biocultural frameworks for understanding population-level patterns of paternal care as integrated, developmental responses to specific socioecological factors.
- Published
- 2019
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