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1. Azole-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus isolate with the TR34/L98H mutation in both a fungicide-sprayed field and the lung of a hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipient with invasive aspergillosis

Author

Gabriel Reboux, Laurence Millon, Dea Garcia-Hermoso, Etienne Daguindau, Steffi Rocchi, Eric Deconinck, Frédéric Grenouillet, Anne-Pauline Bellanger, Stéphane Bretagne, service de parasitologie mycologie CHU Jean Minjoz BESANCON, Hôpital Jean Minjoz, Laboratoire Chrono-environnement (LCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) - Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Service d'hématologie, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Besançon] (CHRU Besançon) - hopital Jean Minjoz, Interactions hôte-greffon-tumeur, ingénierie cellulaire et génique - UFC (HOTE GREFFON), Université de Franche-Comté (UFC) - Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) - Etablissement français du sang [Bourgogne-France-Comté] (EFS [Bourgogne-France-Comté]), Centre National de Référence Mycologie et Antifongiques-Mycologie Moléculaire (CNRMA), Institut Pasteur [Paris], Laboratoire Chrono-environnement ( LCE ), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté ( UBFC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Besançon] ( CHRU Besançon ) -hopital Jean Minjoz, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Besançon] ( CHRU Besançon ), Mycologie moléculaire, Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Centre National de Référence Mycologie et Antifongiques-Mycologie Moléculaire ( CNRMA ), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement (UMR 6249) (LCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Besançon (CHRU Besançon), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - CNRS - UBFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), and Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Microbiology (medical), Azoles, Male, Antifungal Agents, medicine.medical_treatment, Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, Mycology, medicine.disease_cause, Aspergillosis, Aspergillus fumigatus, Microbiology, [ SDV.EE.SANT ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Health, Fungal Proteins, Drug Resistance, Multiple, Fungal, medicine, Humans, [SDV.EE.SANT] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Health, skin and connective tissue diseases, Lung, Voriconazole, chemistry.chemical_classification, [SDV.EE.SANT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Health, Mutation, biology, Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Middle Aged, biology.organism_classification, medicine.disease, Hematopoietic Stem Cells, Transplant Recipients, Fungicides, Industrial, Fungicide, medicine.anatomical_structure, chemistry, Azole, medicine.drug
Abstract

A French farmer developed invasive aspergillosis with azole-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus with the TR34/L98H mutation following a hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. He had worked in fungicide-sprayed fields where a non-genetically related A. fumigatus TR34/L98H isolate was collected. If azole resistance detection increases, voriconazole as first-line therapy might be questioned in agricultural areas.

Published
2014

2. Populations at risk for alveolar echinococcosis, France

Author

Piarroux, Martine, Piarroux, Renaud, Knapp, Jenny, Bardonnet, Karine, Dumortier, Jérôme, Watelet, Jérôme, Gerard, Alain, Beytout, Jean, Abergel, Armand, Bresson-Hadni, Solange, Gaudart, Jean, Surveillance Network, Francechino, Sciences Economiques et Sociales de la Santé & Traitement de l'Information Médicale (SESSTIM - U912 INSERM - Aix Marseille Univ - IRD), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Infections Parasitaires : Transmission, Physiopathologie et Thérapeutiques (IP-TPT), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Service de Santé des Armées, Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - CNRS - UBFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Besançon (CHRU Besançon), service d'Hépato-gastro-entérologie, Hospices Civiles de Lyon-Hôpital Edouard Heriault, Service d'Hépato-gastro-entérologie [CHRU Nancy], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nancy (CHRU Nancy), Institut de Mécanique et d'Ingénierie de Bordeaux (I2M), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Arts et Métiers (ENSAM), Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Service des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales [CHU Clermont-Ferrand], CHU Gabriel Montpied [Clermont-Ferrand], CHU Clermont-Ferrand-CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Service d'hépatologie, CHU Etaing, Service de Santé des Armées-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - UFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Hôpital Jean Minjoz, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Besançon] (CHRU Besançon), Service des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, Hôpital Gabriel Montpied, Clermont-Ferrand, France, Service des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, Hopital Gabriel Montpied, Clermont-Ferrand, France, Laboratoire Chrono-environnement (UMR 6249) (LCE), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Sciences Economiques et Sociales de la Santé & Traitement de l'Information Médicale ( SESSTIM ), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement ( IRD ) -Aix Marseille Université ( AMU ) -ORS PACA-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Infections Parasitaires : Transmission, Physiopathologie et Thérapeutiques ( IP-TPT ), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement ( IRD ) -Aix Marseille Université ( AMU ) -Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille ( APHM ) -Service de Santé des Armées-Université de Montpellier ( UM ), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement ( LCE ), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté ( UBFC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Besançon] ( CHRU Besançon ), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nancy ( CHRU Nancy ), Institut de Mécanique et d'Ingénierie de Bordeaux ( I2M ), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Université de Bordeaux ( UB ) -Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Sciences Economiques et Sociales de la Santé & Traitement de l'Information Médicale (SESSTIM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU) - ORS PACA - Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement (LCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) - Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Hospices Civiles de Lyon - Hôpital Edouard Heriault, Service d'Hépatogastroentérologie, CHU de Nancy-Brabois, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 - Arts et Métiers ParisTech - Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Service d'Hépato-Gastro-Entérologie, CHU de Clermont-Ferrand - Hôpital d'Estaing, and Aix Marseille Université (AMU)

Subjects
Male, Rural Population, [MATH.MATH-PR] Mathematics [math]/Probability [math.PR], Veterinary medicine, communicable disease prevention and control, MESH : Retrospective Studies, MESH : Anthelmintics, Alveolar echinococcosis, 0302 clinical medicine, [STAT.AP] Statistics [stat]/Applications [stat.AP], MESH: Rural Population, [SDV.SPEE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Public Health and Epidemiology, Medicine, MESH: Animals, [SDV.MHEP.ME] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Emerging diseases, Anthelmintics, 0303 health sciences, MESH: Middle Aged, MESH: Echinococcosis, Hepatic, 3. Good health, MESH: Anthelmintics, agricultural workers diseases, alveolar echinococcosis, MESH : Endemic Diseases, Microbiology (medical), MESH : Albendazole, medicine.medical_specialty, Echinococcus multilocularis. epidemiology, Echinococcus multilocularis, Albendazole, lcsh:Infectious and parasitic diseases, 03 medical and health sciences, [SDV.EE.SANT] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Health, Humans, MESH : Middle Aged, Risk factor, MESH : Mebendazole, Retrospective Studies, MESH : Foxes, MESH: Echinococcus multilocularis, MESH: Humans, 030306 microbiology, MESH : Humans, lcsh:R, MESH: Adult, MESH: Retrospective Studies, Odds ratio, zoonoses, Relative risk, [SDE.ES] Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, MESH: Female, Demography, MESH: Liver, Endemic Diseases, MESH: Registries, Foxes, lcsh:Medicine, MESH : Echinococcus multilocularis, Risk Factors, MESH: Risk Factors, Epidemiology, MESH : Socioeconomic Factors, MESH : Female, Registries, rural health, [MATH.MATH-ST] Mathematics [math]/Statistics [math.ST], [STAT.ME] Statistics [stat]/Methodology [stat.ME], biology, Rural health, MESH : Adult, Middle Aged, MESH : Risk Factors, Mebendazole, Infectious Diseases, Liver, MESH: Endemic Diseases, [SDV.MHEP.MI] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, Female, epidemiology, France, [SDV.MP.PAR] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Parasitology, Adult, [ SDV.MP.PAR ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Parasitology, Echinococcosis, Hepatic, MESH: Socioeconomic Factors, MESH : Male, 030231 tropical medicine, [MATH.MATH-DS] Mathematics [math]/Dynamical Systems [math.DS], parasites, MESH: Mebendazole, Echinococcosis, MESH: Albendazole, Animals, lcsh:RC109-216, [SDV.MP.PAR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Parasitology, MESH : France, MESH: Foxes, business.industry, Research, MESH : Liver, Retrospective cohort study, biology.organism_classification, MESH: Male, MESH : Rural Population, MESH: France, Socioeconomic Factors, MESH : Animals, business, MESH : Echinococcosis, Hepatic, MESH : Registries
Abstract

International audience; During 1982-2007, alveolar echinococcosis (AE) was diagnosed in 407 patients in France, a country previously known to register half of all European patients. To better define high-risk groups in France, we conducted a national registry-based study to identify areas where persons were at risk and spatial clusters of cases. We interviewed 180 AE patients about their way of life and compared responses to those of 517 controls. We found that almost all AE patients lived in 22 départements in eastern and central France (relative risk 78.63, 95% CI 52.84-117.02). Classification and regression tree analysis showed that the main risk factor was living in AE-endemic areas. There, most at-risk populations lived in rural settings (odds ratio [OR] 66.67, 95% CI 6.21-464.51 for farmers and OR 6.98, 95% CI 2.88-18.25 for other persons) or gardened in nonrural settings (OR 4.30, 95% CI 1.82-10.91). These findings can help sensitization campaigns focus on specific groups.

Published
2013

3. Usefulness of à la carte antigens for bird fancier’s lung serodiagnosis: total dropping extract and/or dropping’s microflora antigens

Author

Sandrine Roussel, Audrey Laboissière, Benoît Valot, Jean-Charles Dalphin, Adeline Rouzet, Paul De Vuyst, Gabriel Reboux, Laurence Millon, Laboratoire Chrono-environnement ( LCE ), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté ( UBFC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ), Service de parasitologie et mycologie [CHU de Besançon], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Besançon] ( CHRU Besançon ), Service de Pneumologie, Hôpital Jean-Minjoz, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Besançon, Université de Franche-Comté, Besançon, France., Erasme Hospital, Brussels, Hôpital Jean Minjoz, Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - CNRS - UBFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Service de parasitologie et mycologie [CHRU de Besançon], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Besançon (CHRU Besançon), Service de Pneumologie, oncologie thoracique et allergologie respiratoire [CHRU Besançon], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Besançon (CHRU Besançon)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Hôpital Erasme [Bruxelles] (ULB), Faculté de Médecine [Bruxelles] (ULB), and Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB)-Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB)

Subjects
diagnosis, MESH : Antigens, serology, Serology, Feces, 0302 clinical medicine, Bird fancier's lung, antigens, Flora (microbiology), MESH : Bird Fancier's Lung, MESH: Animals, 030212 general & internal medicine, microorganisms, MESH: Bird Fancier's Lung, MESH : Allergens, Immunoassay, biology, MESH: Feces, General Medicine, Enterobacter, MESH : Immunoassay, MESH : Serologic Tests, 3. Good health, medicine.anatomical_structure, MESH: Birds, MESH: Antigens, Antibody, medicine.symptom, MESH: Immunoassay, MESH: Fungi, Microbiology (medical), MESH: Allergens, droppings, Microbiology, Asymptomatic, [ SDV.EE.SANT ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Health, Birds, 03 medical and health sciences, Antigen, medicine, Animals, Humans, Serologic Tests, MESH : Bacteria, MESH : Birds, MESH : Fungi, bird fancier's lung, [SDV.EE.SANT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Health, MESH: Humans, Lung, Bacteria, MESH: Serologic Tests, MESH : Humans, Fungi, MESH : Feces, Allergens, medicine.disease, biology.organism_classification, MESH: Bacteria, 030228 respiratory system, Immunology, biology.protein, MESH : Animals, [ SDV.MHEP.PSR ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Pulmonology and respiratory tract
Abstract

International audience; Bird fancier's lung (BFL) is a pulmonary disease caused by inhalation of avian proteins. The involvement of the microorganisms of droppings has been assumed in the past and this idea still persists today. Our study aimed to compare by immunoprecipitation assay the detection of antibodies against both droppings and microorganisms in the sera of patients (n=15) and asymptomatic exposed controls (n=18). We found that 14/15 BFL patients had negative serological results for isolated microorganisms of the droppings, only one positive against Enterobacter sakasakii. Serological arguments were in accordance with diagnosis in 87 % of cases by testing à la carte antigens from each bird dropping versus 20 % using the standard antigenic panel. Otherwise, the microorganisms antigens issued from dropping flora were negative in 93 % of cases. Consequently, it's preferable to use the total extract from the patient's bird droppings to establish the serodiagnosis of the disease.

Published
2017

4. ERK1 and ERK2 activation modulates diet-induced obesity in mice

Author

Naim Akhtar Khan, Douadi Khelifi, Amira Sayed Khan, Gado Dramane, Selvakumar Subramaniam, Physiologie de la Nutrition et Toxicologie (NUTox) (U866, Lipides et nutrition, équipe 7) ( NUTox ), Lipides - Nutrition - Cancer (U866) ( LNC ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Biologie Appliquée à la Nutrition et à l'Alimentation de Dijon ( ENSBANA ) -Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Biologie Appliquée à la Nutrition et à l'Alimentation de Dijon ( ENSBANA ), Département de Biochimie, Biologie Cellulaire et Moléculaire (Université des Frères Mentouri)), Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie, Université Frères Mentouri-Université Mentouri Constantine, Biochemistry Department (Bharathiar University), Bharathiar University, Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Biologie Appliquée à la Nutrition et à l'Alimentation de Dijon ( ENSBANA ), Département des Sciences de la Vie (Ecole Normale Supérieure de Natitingou, Université de Parakou), Université de Parakou, Université de Parakou-Université de Parakou, Laboratoire de Génétique (Université des Frères Mentouri), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement ( LCE ), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté ( UBFC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ), Equipe NuTox (LNC - U1231) ( NUTOX ), Lipides - Nutrition - Cancer [Dijon - U1231] ( LNC ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Physiologie de la Nutrition et Toxicologie (NUTox) (U866, Lipides et nutrition, équipe 7) (NUTox), Lipides - Nutrition - Cancer (U866) (LNC), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Biologie Appliquée à la Nutrition et à l'Alimentation de Dijon (ENSBANA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Biologie Appliquée à la Nutrition et à l'Alimentation de Dijon (ENSBANA), Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie, Université Frères Mentouri-Université Mentouri Constantine [Algérie] (UMC), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Biologie Appliquée à la Nutrition et à l'Alimentation de Dijon (ENSBANA), Université de Parakou (UP), Université Mentouri Constantine [Algérie] (UMC)-Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie, Université Frères Mentouri, Equipe NuTox (LNC - U1231) (NUTOX), Lipides - Nutrition - Cancer [Dijon - U1231] (LNC), and Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement

Subjects
Blood Glucose, Male, 0301 basic medicine, medicine.medical_treatment, Mice, Obese, Biochemistry, Mice, chemistry.chemical_compound, Phosphorylation, Beta oxidation, Cells, Cultured, Mice, Knockout, Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1, Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3, Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction, General Medicine, Lipids, Fatty acid synthase, Liver, Lipogenesis, Homeostatic model assessment, medicine.medical_specialty, Blotting, Western, Biology, Diet, High-Fat, Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction, 03 medical and health sciences, Insulin resistance, Internal medicine, medicine, Animals, [SDV.BBM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, RNA, Messenger, Obesity, [ SDV.BBM ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Inflammation, Triglyceride, Insulin, Body Weight, Lipid Metabolism, medicine.disease, Mice, Inbred C57BL, 030104 developmental biology, Endocrinology, chemistry, biology.protein, MAP kinase, Insulin Resistance
Abstract

IF 3.112; International audience; Obesity is a worldwide problem, and dietary lipids play an important role in its pathogenesis. Recently, Erk1 knock-out (ERK1(-/-)) mice have been shown to exhibit low preference for dietary fatty acids. Hence, we maintained Erk1(-/-) mice on a high-fat diet (HFD) to assess the implication of this mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase in obesity. The Erk1(-/-) mice, fed the HFD, were more obese than wild-type (WT) animals, fed the same diet. Erk1(-/-) obese mice gained more fat and liver mass than WT obese animals. No difference was observed in daily food and energy intake in HFD-fed both group of animals. However, feed efficiency was higher in Erk1(-/-) than WT animals. Blood cholesterol, triglyceride and insulin concentrations were higher in Erk1(-/-) obese mice compared to WT obese animals. Accordingly, homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) value was higher in Erk1(-/-) obese mice compared to WT obese animals. Interestingly, only Erk1(-/-) obese mice, but not WT-obese animals, exhibited high degree of phosphorylation of liver MEK, the upstream regulator of ERK1/2. This phenomenon was associated with high liver ERK2 phosphorylation in Erk1(-/-) obese mice which also had high liver acetyl-CoA carboxylase 1 (ACC1) and fatty acid synthase (FAS) mRNA expression, suggesting high lipogenesis in these animals. The Erk1(-/-) obese mice also had low PPAR-α and CPT1β mRNA, indicating low fatty acid oxidation. Our observations suggest that ERK1 and ERK2 might play key roles in the regulation of obesity.

Published
2017

5. Chemosensory anxiety signals prime defensive behavior in prepubertal girls

Author

Bettina M. Pause, Katrin T. Lübke, Benoist Schaal, Matthias Hoenen, Anne Busch, Heinrich Heine Universität Düsseldorf = Heinrich Heine University [Düsseldorf], Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation [Dijon] (CSGA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB), AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf [Düsseldorf], Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation [Dijon] ( CSGA ), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement ( LCE ), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté ( UBFC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - UFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), and Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC)

Subjects
Male, Reflex, Startle, puberty, [SDV.OT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Other [q-bio.OT], Startle response, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, Emotions, Sweating, Experimental and Cognitive Psychology, Electromyography, Anxiety, startle response, Audiology, Stimulus (physiology), Alarm signal, Fear-potentiated startle, 050105 experimental psychology, Developmental psychology, sex hormone, SWEAT, 03 medical and health sciences, Behavioral Neuroscience, 0302 clinical medicine, Moro reflex, [SDV.MHEP.PHY]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], medicine, Humans, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, [ SDV.OT ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Other [q-bio.OT], Child, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, medicine.diagnostic_test, [ SDV.MHEP.PHY ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], 05 social sciences, Stimulation, Chemical, Acoustic Stimulation, chemosensory communication, [ SDV.NEU ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], Axilla, Odorants, Female, [SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], medicine.symptom, Psychology, chemosensory anxiety, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract

indexation en cours; Chemosensory anxiety signals effectively prime motor responses related to withdrawal behavior, such as the startle reflex, in adult humans. As the reproductive status strongly affects the response to social chemosignals, the current study examined whether chemosensory anxiety signals would augment the startle response in prepubertal children as it does in adults. Using cotton pads, axillary sweat was collected from 28 men while waiting for an important oral examination (anxiety condition), and during ergometer training (sport control condition). Using a constant-flow olfactometer, sweat samples and pure cotton samples (cotton control) were presented to 10 prepubertal girls aged 9-13years (M=11.25, SD=1.25) for 3000ms during inhalation. White noise bursts of 102dB(A) served as startle probes, and startle responses were recorded via electromyography of the orbicularis oculi muscle. The girls showed larger startle amplitudes to probes presented in the context of chemosensory anxiety signals as compared to a context of sport control sweat (p

Published
2017

6. Sirtuin-1 Activation Controls Tumor Growth by Impeding Th17 Differentiation via STAT3 Deacetylation

Author

Romain Euvrard, Cédric Rébé, François Ghiringhelli, Hélène Berger, Emeric Limagne, Dominique Delmas, Frédérique Végan, Valentin Derangère, Marion Thibaudin, Lionel Apetoh, Sylvain Ladoire, Pauline Chalons, Etienne Humblin, Romain Boidot, Lipides - Nutrition - Cancer [Dijon - U1231] (LNC), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Département d'oncologie médicale [Centre Georges-François Leclerc], Centre Régional de Lutte contre le cancer Georges-François Leclerc [Dijon] (UNICANCER/CRLCC-CGFL), UNICANCER-UNICANCER, Plateforme de transfert en biologie cancérologique [Dijon], Centre d'épidémiologie des populations (CEP), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre Régional de Lutte contre le cancer Georges-François Leclerc [Dijon] (UNICANCER/CRLCC-CGFL), UNICANCER-UNICANCER-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre Régional de Lutte contre le cancer Georges-François Leclerc [Dijon] (UNICANCER/CRLCC-CGFL), Lipides - Nutrition - Cancer [Dijon - U1231] ( LNC ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Centre Régional de Lutte contre le cancer - Centre Georges-François Leclerc ( CRLCC - CGFL ), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement ( LCE ), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté ( UBFC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ), Centre d'épidémiologie des populations ( CEP ), and Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Centre Régional de Lutte contre le cancer - Centre Georges-François Leclerc ( CRLCC - CGFL ) -Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Centre Régional de Lutte contre le cancer - Centre Georges-François Leclerc ( CRLCC - CGFL )

Subjects
CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes, 0301 basic medicine, endocrine system diseases, Cellular differentiation, Melanoma, Experimental, Regulator, environment and public health, [ SDV.CAN ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cancer, STAT3, Mice, Sirtuin 1, RAR-related orphan receptor gamma, lcsh:QH301-705.5, Mice, Inbred BALB C, biology, Acetylation, Cell Differentiation, Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 1, Group F, Member 3, Metformin, Cell biology, Th17, RORγt, medicine.symptom, biological phenomena, cell phenomena, and immunity, hormones, hormone substitutes, and hormone antagonists, STAT3 Transcription Factor, Agonist, medicine.drug_class, Transplantation, Heterologous, Carbazoles, Mice, Nude, Inflammation, [SDV.CAN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cancer, Heterocyclic Compounds, 4 or More Rings, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, 03 medical and health sciences, SIRT1, Cell Line, Tumor, medicine, Animals, Humans, cancer, Molecular biology, Mice, Inbred C57BL, enzymes and coenzymes (carbohydrates), 030104 developmental biology, lcsh:Biology (General), biology.protein, Th17 Cells
Abstract

International audience; Sirtuin-1 deacetylates proteins and has emerged as a critical regulator of different cellular processes, particularly inflammation. Basal SIRT1 activity was previously found to limit Th9 and enhance Th17 differentiation in mice, but the effect of pharmacological SIRT1 activation on T cell differentiation and antitumor responses remains unclear. Here, we find that SIRT1 pharmacological agonists selectively impede mouse and human Th17 cell differentiation. SIRT1 activation induces STAT3 deacetylation, thus reducing its ability to translocate into the nucleus, bind to Rorc promoter, and induce its transcription. SIRT1 agonists reduce tumor growth in mice by blocking Th17 cell differentiation. In cancer patients, the SIRT1 agonist metformin reduced the frequency of Th17 cells and STAT3 acetylation levels. Altogether, these data underscore that SIRT1 activation impedes Th17 cell differentiation and thereby limits tumor growth and suggest that SIRT1 activators may directly target IL-17A functions.

Published
2017

7. A nitrocefin-based amperometric assay for the rapid quantification of extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli in wastewaters

Author

Benoit Chantemesse, Fabienne Vienney, Murielle Rochelet, Alain Hartmann, Sébastien Solanas, Laetitia Betelli, Loïc Bollache, INRA - Dijon, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - UFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - CNRS - UBFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), FEDER [2014-9201, 2014-9205AAO3304395], Suez, Conseil Regional de Bourgogne-Franche-Comte, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement ( LCE ), and Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté ( UBFC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC )

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Environmental Engineering, Cefotaxime, Extended-spectrum p-lactamase, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], 030106 microbiology, Wastewater, beta-Lactamases, 03 medical and health sciences, Escherichia coli, Electrochemistry, medicine, Nitrocefin, Waste Management and Disposal, Effluent, Escherichia coli Infections, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Water Science and Technology, Civil and Structural Engineering, Chromatography, [ SDV ] Life Sciences [q-bio], Chemistry, Chromogenic, Ecological Modeling, Substrate (chemistry), Pollution, 6. Clean water, Amperometry, Anti-Bacterial Agents, Wastewaters, Carbon sensors, Subculture (biology), medicine.drug
Abstract

International audience; A sensitive and inexpensive amperometric assay based on the electrochemical detection of the beta-lactamase activity using the nitrocefin as substrate was developed for the rapid and quantitative detection of extended spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia colt (ESBL-EC) in urban wastewaters. The specific detection of ESBL-EC was achieved by culturing the filtered sample in a medium containing the cefotaxime supplemented or not with the potassium clavulanate inhibitor. This step was followed by the incubation of each subculture filtrate with the nitrocefin substrate which hydrolysis was monitored by amperometry using disposable carbon screen-printed sensors. Current intensities i(Cef) and i(Clav) correspond to the intensity of the anodic current measured (similar to+ 0.2 V vs. Ag/AgCl) for the sample incubated with the cefotaxime without and with potassium clavulanate, respectively. The intensity value i = i(Cef) iClav was chosen as the analytical response. ESBL-EC calibration plots were established with artificially contaminated wastewater samples. This assay allowed the detection of ESBL-EC amounts as low as 10 cfu in treated effluents and 100 cfu in raw wastewaters with short time analysis of 5.5 h and 4.5 h, respectively. The amperometric method was applied to the analysis of 38 wastewater samples and the results were in good agreement with CFU counts on a selective chromogenic medium for 24 h. Owing to its rapidity, convenience, low-cost and portability, this assay is a promising tool to obtain quantitative data on antimicrobial-resistant E. coli in wastewater effluents. Furthermore, this assay might be used to improve wastewater treatment plant processes in order to minimize the release of antibiotic resistant bacteria into the aquatic environment.

Published
2017

8. High susceptibility of MDR and XDR Gram-negative pathogens to biphenyl-diacetylene-based difluoromethyl-allo-threonyl-hydroxamate LpxC inhibitors

Author

Jean-Marie Pagès, René Courcol, Pei Zhou, Marie Titecat, Nadine Lemaître, Thierry Lambert, Eric J. Toone, Audrey Charlet, Florent Sebbane, Didier Hocquet, Chul-Jin Lee, Xiaofei Liang, Centre d’Infection et d’Immunité de Lille (CIIL) - U1019 - UMR 8204 ( CIIL ), Institut Pasteur de Lille, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur ( RIIP ) -Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur ( RIIP ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -IFR142-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Duke university [Durham], Department of Biochemistry, Laboratoire Chrono-environnement ( LCE ), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté ( UBFC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ), Unité Bactéries, Pathogènes et Santé ( UBaPS ), Université Paris-Sud 11 - Faculté de médecine ( UP11 UFR Médecine ) -Université Paris-Saclay, Transporteurs membranaires, chimioresistance et drug-design ( TMCD2 ), Aix Marseille Université ( AMU ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Centre d’Infection et d’Immunité de Lille - INSERM U 1019 - UMR 9017 - UMR 8204 (CIIL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille)-Université de Lille-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut Pasteur de Lille, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Duke University [Durham], Duke University Medical Center, Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - CNRS - UBFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Bactéries, Pathogènes et Santé (UBaPS), Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Transporteurs membranaires, chimioresistance et drug-design (TMCD2), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lille-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Laboratoire Chrono-environnement (UMR 6249) (LCE)

Subjects
Acinetobacter baumannii, Threonine, 0301 basic medicine, Microbiology (medical), Klebsiella pneumoniae, medicine.drug_class, 030106 microbiology, Antibiotics, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, Hydroxamic Acids, medicine.disease_cause, beta-Lactamases, Amidohydrolases, Microbiology, 03 medical and health sciences, Bacterial Proteins, Enterobacteriaceae, [ SDV.MP ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology, Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial, Gram-Negative Bacteria, Escherichia coli, polycyclic compounds, medicine, Humans, Pharmacology (medical), Enzyme Inhibitors, Original Research, Pharmacology, biology, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterobacteriaceae Infections, biochemical phenomena, metabolism, and nutrition, bacterial infections and mycoses, Antimicrobial, biology.organism_classification, Anti-Bacterial Agents, 3. Good health, Ciprofloxacin, [SDV.MP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology, Infectious Diseases, Amikacin, lipids (amino acids, peptides, and proteins), medicine.drug
Abstract

International audience; Inhibitors of uridine diphosphate-3-O-(R-3-hydroxymyristoyl)-N-acetylglucosamine deacetylase (LpxC, which catalyses the first, irreversible step in lipid A biosynthesis) are a promising new class of antibiotics against Gram-negative bacteria. The objectives of the present study were to: (i) compare the antibiotic activities of three LpxC inhibitors (LPC-058, LPC-011 and LPC-087) and the reference inhibitor CHIR-090 against Gram-negative bacilli (including MDR and XDR isolates); and (ii) investigate the effect of combining these inhibitors with conventional antibiotics.MethodsMICs were determined for 369 clinical isolates (234 Enterobacteriaceae and 135 non-fermentative Gram-negative bacilli). Time–kill assays with LPC-058 were performed on four MDR/XDR strains, including Escherichia coli producing CTX-M-15 ESBL and Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii producing KPC-2, VIM-1 and OXA-23 carbapenemases, respectively.ResultsLPC-058 was the most potent antibiotic and displayed the broadest spectrum of antimicrobial activity, with MIC90 values for Enterobacteriaceae, P. aeruginosa, Burkholderia cepacia and A. baumannii of 0.12, 0.5, 1 and 1 mg/L, respectively. LPC-058 was bactericidal at 1× or 2× MIC against CTX-M-15, KPC-2 and VIM-1 carbapenemase-producing strains and bacteriostatic at ≤4× MIC against OXA-23 carbapenemase-producing A. baumannii. Combinations of LPC-058 with β-lactams, amikacin and ciprofloxacin were synergistic against these strains, albeit in a species-dependent manner. LPC-058's high efficacy was attributed to the presence of the difluoromethyl-allo-threonyl head group and a linear biphenyl-diacetylene tail group.ConclusionsThese in vitro data highlight the therapeutic potential of the new LpxC inhibitor LPC-058 against MDR/XDR strains and set the stage for subsequent in vivo studies.

Published
2016

9. Biofilms of Lactobacillus plantarum and Lactobacillus fermentum: Effect on stress responses, antagonistic effects on pathogen growth and immunomodulatory properties

Author

Jean Guzzo, Johanna Chluba, Aurélie Rieu, Nabil Aoudia, Romain Briandet, Julien Deschamps, Gaëtan Jego, Carmen Garrido, Procédés Alimentaires et Microbiologiques (PAM), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, MICrobiologie de l'ALImentation au Service de la Santé (MICALIS), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroParisTech, Laboratoire d'Excellence : Lipoprotéines et Santé : prévention et Traitement des maladies Inflammatoires et du Cancer (LabEx LipSTIC), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Institut Gustave Roussy (IGR)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nancy (CHRU Nancy)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand (CHU Dijon)-Centre Régional de Lutte contre le cancer - Centre Georges-François Leclerc (CRLCC - CGFL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Fédération Francophone de la Cancérologie Digestive, FFCD-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Etablissement français du sang [Bourgogne-France-Comté] (EFS [Bourgogne-France-Comté])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Besançon] (CHRU Besançon)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - UFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Physiologie de la Nutrition et Toxicologie (NUTox) (U866, Lipides et nutrition, équipe 7) (NUTox), Lipides - Nutrition - Cancer (U866) (LNC), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Biologie Appliquée à la Nutrition et à l'Alimentation de Dijon (ENSBANA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Biologie Appliquée à la Nutrition et à l'Alimentation de Dijon (ENSBANA), Centre Régional de Lutte contre le cancer - Centre Georges-François Leclerc (CRLCC - CGFL), Ministère de l’Éducation National, de l'Enseignement Supérieur et de la Recherche, Université de Bourgogne, Conseil Régional de Bourgogne, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut Gustave Roussy (IGR)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nancy (CHRU Nancy)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Besançon (CHRU Besançon)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand (CHU Dijon)-Centre Régional de Lutte contre le cancer Georges-François Leclerc [Dijon] (UNICANCER/CRLCC-CGFL), UNICANCER-UNICANCER-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Fédération Francophone de la Cancérologie Digestive, FFCD-Université de Montpellier (UM)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Etablissement français du sang [Bourgogne-Franche-Comté] (EFS [Bourgogne-Franche-Comté])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Centre Régional de Lutte contre le cancer Georges-François Leclerc [Dijon] (UNICANCER/CRLCC-CGFL), UNICANCER, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut Gustave Roussy (IGR)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nancy (CHRU Nancy)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand (CHU Dijon)-Centre Régional de Lutte contre le cancer Georges-François Leclerc [Dijon] (UNICANCER/CRLCC-CGFL), UNICANCER-UNICANCER-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Fédération Francophone de la Cancérologie Digestive, FFCD-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Etablissement français du sang [Bourgogne-Franche-Comté] (EFS [Bourgogne-Franche-Comté])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Besançon (CHRU Besançon)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Procédés Alimentaires et Microbiologiques ( PAM ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, MICrobiologie de l'ALImentation au Service de la Santé humaine ( MICALIS ), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -AgroParisTech, Laboratoire d'Excellence : Lipoprotéines et Santé : prévention et Traitement des maladies Inflammatoires et du Cancer ( LabEx LipSTIC ), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques ( UM2 ) -Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ) -École pratique des hautes études ( EPHE ) -Institut Gustave Roussy ( IGR ) -Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nancy ( CHRU Nancy ) -Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand ( CHU Dijon ) -Centre Régional de Lutte contre le cancer - Centre Georges-François Leclerc ( CRLCC - CGFL ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Fédération Francophone de la Cancérologie Digestive, FFCD-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Etablissement français du sang [Bourgogne-France-Comté] ( EFS [Bourgogne-France-Comté] ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Besançon] ( CHRU Besançon ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement ( LCE ), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté ( UBFC ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Physiologie de la Nutrition et Toxicologie (NUTox) (U866, Lipides et nutrition, équipe 7) ( NUTox ), Lipides - Nutrition - Cancer (U866) ( LNC ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Biologie Appliquée à la Nutrition et à l'Alimentation de Dijon ( ENSBANA ) -Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Biologie Appliquée à la Nutrition et à l'Alimentation de Dijon ( ENSBANA ), and Centre Régional de Lutte contre le cancer - Centre Georges-François Leclerc ( CRLCC - CGFL )

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Limosilactobacillus fermentum, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], [ SDV.AEN ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, Probiotic bacteria, Resistance, Escherichia-coli, Zebrafish model, Probiotic, medicine.disease_cause, Monocytes, law.invention, In-vitro, law, Lactobacillus, Bile, Vibrio-cholerae, Zebrafish, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, biology, Salmonella enterica, food and beverages, Interleukin-10, Sulfonic-acid, Lactobacillus fermentum, 030106 microbiology, Lactic-acid bacteria, Microbiology, Immunomodulation, 03 medical and health sciences, Antibiosis, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas-aeruginosa biofilms, medicine, Animals, Humans, Immunomodulatory effects, Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha, Probiotics, Bile-salt hydrolase, Communities, Biofilm, biochemical phenomena, metabolism, and nutrition, biology.organism_classification, Immunity, Innate, Culture Media, Lactobacillus biofilms, Mucus, 030104 developmental biology, Biofilms, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, Lactobacillus plantarum, Food Science
Abstract

IF 3.682; International audience; Few studies have extensively investigated probiotic functions associated with biofilms. Here, we show that strains of Lactobacillus plantarum and Lactobacillus fermentum are able to grow as biofilm on abiotic surfaces, but the biomass density differs between strains. We performed microtiter plate biofilm assays under growth conditions mimicking to the gastrointestinal environment. Osmolarity and low concentrations of bile significantly enhanced Lactobacillus spatial organization. Two L. plantarum strains were able to form biofilms under high concentrations of bile and mucus. We used the agar well-diffusion method to show that supernatants from all Lactobacillus except the NA4 isolate produced food pathogen inhibitory molecules in biofilm. Moreover, TNF-alpha production by LPS-activated human monocytoid cells was suppressed by supernatants from Lactobacillus cultivated as biofilms but not by planktonic culture supernatants. However, only L. fermentum NA4 showed anti-inflammatory effects in zebrafish embryos fed with probiotic bacteria, as assessed by cytokine transcript level (TNF-alpha, IL-1 beta and IL-10). We conclude that the biofilm mode of life is associated with beneficial probiotic properties of lactobacilli, in a strain dependent manner. Those results suggest that characterization of isolate phenotype in the biofilm state could be additional valuable information for the selection of probiotic strains.

Published
2016

10. Pollen-based reconstruction of Holocene vegetation and climate in southern Italy: the case of Lago Trifoglietti

Author

Sébastien Joannin, Boris Vannière, Odile Peyron, Elisabetha Brugiapaglia, Michel Magny, Liliana Bernardo, Simon Goring, J.-L. de Beaulieu, Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - CNRS - UBFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Università degli Studi del Molise, Institut méditerranéen de biodiversité et d'écologie marine et continentale (IMBE), Avignon Université (AU)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UMR237-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Università della Calabria [Arcavacata di Rende] (Unical), Dpt of Geography, University of Wisconsin-Madison, ANR-07-BLAN-0009,LAMA,Holocene changes in environment and climate, and history of human societies in Central Mediterranean as reflected by LAke and MArine records(2007), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement ( LCE ), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté ( UBFC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ), Institut méditerranéen de biodiversité et d'écologie marine et continentale ( IMBE ), Université d'Avignon et des Pays de Vaucluse ( UAPV ) -Aix Marseille Université ( AMU ) -Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UMR237-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Università della Calabria [Arcavacata di Rende] ( Unical ), University of Wisconsin-Madison [Madison], ANR-07-BLAN-0009,LAMA,Holocene changes in environment and climate, and history of human societies in Central Mediterranean as reflected by LAke and MArine records ( 2007 ), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement (UMR 6249) (LCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), and Università degli Studi del Molise = University of Molise (UNIMOL)

Subjects
010506 paleontology, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Stratigraphy, lcsh:Environmental protection, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, Climate change, medicine.disease_cause, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, pollen, palaeoclimatic reconstruction, holocene vegetation, Altitude, lcsh:Environmental pollution, law, Pollen, medicine, lcsh:TD169-171.8, Radiocarbon dating, Holocene, lcsh:Environmental sciences, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, lcsh:GE1-350, Global and Planetary Change, Paleontology, Vegetation, 15. Life on land, [ SDE.MCG ] Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, Boreal, 13. Climate action, [SDU.STU.CL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Climatology, Climatology, lcsh:TD172-193.5, [ SDU.STU.CL ] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Climatology, Geology, Chronology
Abstract

A high-resolution pollen record from Lago Trifoglietti in Calabria (southern Italy) provides new insights into the paleoenvironmental and palaeoclimatic changes which characterise the Holocene period in the southern Italy. The chronology is based on 11 AMS radiocarbon dates from terrestrial organic material. The Holocene history of the vegetation cover shows the persistence of an important and relatively stable Fagus forest present over that entire period, offering a rare example of a beech woodstand able to withstand climate changes for more than 11 000 yr. Probably in relation with early Holocene dry climate conditions which affected southern Italy, the Trifoglietti pollen record supports a southward delay in thermophyllous forest expansion dated to ca. 13 500 cal BP at Monticchio, ca. 11 000 cal BP at Trifoglietti, and finally ca. 9800 cal BP in Sicily. Regarding the human impact history, the Trifoglietti pollen record shows only poor imprints of agricultural activities and anthopogenic indicators, apart from those indicating pastoralism activities beneath forest cover. The selective exploitation of Abies appears to have been the strongest human impact on the Trifoglietti surroundings. On the basis of (1) a specific ratio between hygrophilous and terrestrial taxa, and (2) the Modern Analogue Technique, the pollen data collected at Lago Trifoglietti led to the establishment of two palaeoclimatic records tracing changes in (1) lake depth and (2) annual precipitation. On a millennial scale, these records give evidence of increasing moisture from ca. 11 000 to ca. 9400 cal BP and maximum humidity from ca. 9400 to ca. 6200 cal BP, prior to a general trend towards the drier climate conditions that have prevailed up to the present. In addition, several successive centennial-scale oscillations appear to have punctuated the entire Holocene. The identification of a cold dry event around 11 300 cal BP, responsible for a marked decline in timberline altitude and possibly equivalent to the PBO, remains to be confirmed by further investigations verifying both chronology and magnitude. Two cold and possibly drier Boreal oscillations developed at ca. 9800 and 9200 cal BP. At Trifoglietti, the 8.2 kyr event corresponds to the onset of cooler and drier climatic conditions which persisted until ca. 7500 cal BP. Finally, the second half of the Holocene was characterised by dry phases at ca. 6100–5200, 4400–3500, and 2500–1800 cal BP, alternating with more humid phases at ca. 5200–4400 and ca. 3500–2500 cal BP. Considered as a whole, these millennial-scale trends and centennial-scale climatic oscillations support contrasting patterns of palaeohydrological changes recognised between the north- and south-central Mediterranean.

Published
2018

11. Thymoquinone and diallyl sulfide protect against fipronil-induced oxidative injury in rats

Author

Manal S. Fawzy, Simona Bungau, Eman A. Toraih, Hazem M. Shaheen, Abdelrahman Ibrahim Abushouk, Mohamed M. Abdel-Daim, Lotfi Aleya, Wafa S. Alansari, Suez Canal University. Ismailia. Egypt, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhur, Egypt, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo, Egypt, Faculty of Medicine, Ismailia, Egypt, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt, Faculty of Science, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, Laboratoire Chrono-environnement ( LCE ), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté ( UBFC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ), Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Oradea, Romania, Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - CNRS - UBFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), and Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, medicine.medical_specialty, Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, Allyl compound, 010501 environmental sciences, medicine.disease_cause, 01 natural sciences, Lipid peroxidation, [ SDE ] Environmental Sciences, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, Internal medicine, medicine, Environmental Chemistry, Thymoquinone, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, chemistry.chemical_classification, Glutathione peroxidase, General Medicine, Glutathione, Malondialdehyde, Pollution, 3. Good health, 030104 developmental biology, Endocrinology, chemistry, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Toxicity, Oxidative stress
Abstract

Fipronil (FPN) is a phenylpyrazole insecticide, widely used for agricultural and veterinary activities. Early reports indicated that FIP organ toxicity is primarily mediated by the induction of oxidative stress. Both thymoquinone (TQ) and diallyl sulfide (DAS) are natural antioxidants with established health benefits. This study investigated the potential ameliorative effects of DAS and TQ against FPN-induced toxicity in rats. Thirty-two male Wistar rats (150-180 g) were randomized into four treatment groups, receiving (I) saline, (II) FPN (10 mg/kg bw), (III) FPN with DAS (200 mg/kg bw), and (IV) FPN with TQ (10 mg/kg bw). All treatments were administered once daily for 28 days. The results showed that compared to the control rats, FPN-treated rats had significantly increased (p

Published
2018

12. Real-time polymerase chain reaction detection of Lichtheimia species in bandages associated with cutaneous mucormycosis in burn patients

Author

Fréalle, E., Rocchi, Steffi, Bacus, Morgane, Bachelet, H., Pasquesoone, Louise, Tavernier, B., Mathieu, D., Millon, Laurence, Bellanger, Anne-Pauline, Jeanne, Mathieu, Centre d’Infection et d’Immunité de Lille - INSERM U 1019 - UMR 9017 - UMR 8204 (CIIL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille)-Université de Lille-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut Pasteur de Lille, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - CNRS - UBFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Département Anesthésie-Réanimation, Hôpital Roger Salengro, CHRU de Lille, Hôpital Roger Salengro, CHRU de Lille, Lille, France, CHU Lille, Institut de Pharmacie, Service de chirurgie plastique, esthétique et reconstructrice, Hôpital Roger Salengro [Lille], Institut Universitaire de Technologie - Aix-Marseille (IUT AMU), Aix Marseille Université (AMU), This study was funded by the University of Lille, the ‘Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale’ (Inserm), the ‘Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique’ (CNRS), the Pasteur Institute of Lille, and Lille University Hospital Center., The authors are grateful to M. Deckmyn for contribution to the collection of patients' epidemiological, clinical, mycological, and therapeutic data., Centre d’Infection et d’Immunité de Lille (CIIL) - U1019 - UMR 8204 ( CIIL ), Institut Pasteur de Lille, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur ( RIIP ) -Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur ( RIIP ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -IFR142-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement ( LCE ), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté ( UBFC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ), Aix-Marseille Université - Institut universitaire de technologie ( IUT AMU ), Aix Marseille Université ( AMU ), Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lille-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement (UMR 6249) (LCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), and Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Microbiology (medical), Mucorales, Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Lichtheimia corymbifera, 030106 microbiology, Burn, Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction, [ SDV.EE.SANT ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Health, Hospitals, University, Cutaneous mucormycosis, 03 medical and health sciences, Bandage, Mucorales qPCR, 0302 clinical medicine, Absidia, Medicine, Dermatomycoses, Humans, Mucormycosis, 030212 general & internal medicine, Aged, [SDV.EE.SANT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Health, biology, business.industry, General Medicine, Middle Aged, biology.organism_classification, medicine.disease, University hospital, Dermatology, Bandages, 3. Good health, Lichtheimia species, Infectious Diseases, Real-time polymerase chain reaction, Molecular Diagnostic Techniques, Female, France, business, Burns
Abstract

Summary Background Cutaneous mucormycoses, mainly due to Lichtheimia (Absidia), have occurred on several occasions in the Burn Unit of the University Hospital of Lille, France. Aim To investigate the potential vector role of non-sterile bandages used to hold in place sterile gauze used for wound dressing. Methods Mycological analysis by conventional culture, Mucorales real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), and Lichtheimia species-specific qPCR were performed on eight crepe and six elasticized bandages that were sampled on two independent occasions in March 2014 and July 2016. Characteristics of the seven Lichtheimia mucormycoses which occurred in burn patients between November 2013 and July 2016 were also collected to assess the epidemiological relationship between potentially contaminated bandages and clinical infections. Findings One Lichtheimia corymbifera strain was isolated from a crepe bandage by culture, and Lichtheimia spp. qPCR was positive in six out of eight crepe and four out of six elasticized bandages. Using species-specific qPCR, Lichtheimia ramosa, Lichtheimia ornata, and L. corymbifera were identified in six out of ten, five out of ten, and four out of ten bandages, respectively. In patients with mucormycosis, L. ramosa and L. ornata were present in five and two cases, respectively. Conclusion Our data support the utility of Mucorales qPCR for epidemiological investigations, the potential role of these bandages in cutaneous mucormycoses in burn patients in our centre, and, consequently, the need for sterile bandages for the dressing of extensive wounds.

Published
2018

13. No effect of vancomycin MIC ≥ 1.5 mg/L on treatment outcome in methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus bacteraemia

Author

Xavier Bertrand, Kevin Bouiller, Lionel Piroth, Serge Aho, Vincent Le Moing, Didier Hocquet, Caroline Laborde, André Pechinot, Catherine Chirouze, Service de Réanimation Médicale (CHU de Dijon), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand ( CHU Dijon ), Centre de recherche en épidémiologie et santé des populations ( CESP ), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines ( UVSQ ) -Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ) -Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)-Hôpital Paul Brousse-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Centre national de recherche scientifique ( CNRS ), Université de Lille, Sciences Humaines et Sociales, Department of Microbiology, Recherches Translationnelles sur le VIH et les maladies infectieuses ( TransVIHMI ), Université Montpellier 1 ( UM1 ) -Université Cheikh Anta Diop ( UCAD ) -Universtié Yaoundé 1 (Cameroun)-Université de Montpellier ( UM ), Hôpital Jean Minjoz, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Besançon] ( CHRU Besançon ), Département d'infectiologie (CHU de Dijon), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement ( LCE ), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté ( UBFC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand (CHU Dijon), Centre de recherche en épidémiologie et santé des populations (CESP), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Hôpital Paul Brousse-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Recherches Translationnelles sur le VIH et les maladies infectieuses endémiques er émergentes (TransVIHMI), Université Cheikh Anta Diop [Dakar, Sénégal] (UCAD)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université de Yaoundé I-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université Montpellier 1 (UM1), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Besançon (CHRU Besançon), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - CNRS - UBFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), and Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Microbiology (medical), Male, Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus, medicine.medical_specialty, Staphylococcus aureus, medicine.drug_class, medicine.medical_treatment, 030106 microbiology, Antibiotics, Bacteremia, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, medicine.disease_cause, 03 medical and health sciences, Minimum inhibitory concentration, Vancomycin, [ SDV.MP ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology, Internal medicine, [ SDV.MHEP ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology, medicine, Humans, Pharmacology (medical), Prospective Studies, Mortality, Prospective cohort study, Etest, Dialysis, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, business.industry, General Medicine, Middle Aged, Staphylococcal Infections, biochemical phenomena, metabolism, and nutrition, bacterial infections and mycoses, 3. Good health, Anti-Bacterial Agents, [SDV.MP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology, Infectious Diseases, Catheter-Related Infections, Bacteraemia, Female, Methicillin Susceptible Staphylococcus Aureus, business, [SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology, medicine.drug
Abstract

International audience; The vancomycin minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) has been shown to affect the outcome of methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) bacteraemia. In this study, the outcomes of patients with MSSA bacteraemia with a vancomycin MIC ≥ 1.5 mg/L were assessed. A prospective cohort of patients with MSSA bacteraemia in two tertiary-care hospitals was collected. The vancomycin MIC was determined by Etest. Staphylococcus aureus strains were categorised as low (

Published
2018

14. Nucleotide Sequence Database Comparison for Routine Dermatophyte Identification by Internal Transcribed Spacer 2 Genetic Region DNA Barcoding

Author

Renaud Piarroux, Anne-Cécile Normand, Christophe Cassagne, Marijke Hendrickx, Stéphane Ranque, Ann Packeu, Department of Molecular and Biochemical Pharmacology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Vecteurs - Infections tropicales et méditerranéennes (VITROME), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées (IRBA), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - CNRS - UBFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Vrije Universiteit [Brussel] ( VUB ), Vecteurs - Infections tropicales et méditerranéennes ( VITROME ), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement ( IRD ) -Aix Marseille Université ( AMU ) -Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées ( IRBA ), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement ( LCE ), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté ( UBFC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées [Brétigny-sur-Orge] (IRBA), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement (UMR 6249) (LCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), and Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Microbiology (medical), 030106 microbiology, Mycology, Biology, computer.software_genre, medicine.disease_cause, DNA barcoding, DNA sequencing, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, [SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, DNA, Ribosomal Spacer, medicine, Cluster Analysis, DNA Barcoding, Taxonomic, Dermatomycoses, Humans, Prospective Studies, Internal transcribed spacer, DNA, Fungal, Phylogeny, 2. Zero hunger, Phylogenetic tree, Database, Arthrodermataceae, Nucleic acid sequence, Sequence Analysis, DNA, Ribosomal RNA, [ SDV.MHEP.MI ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, chemistry, Dermatophyte, computer, DNA
Abstract

Conventional dermatophyte identification is based on morphological features. However, recent studies have proposed to use the nucleotide sequences of the rRNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region as an identification barcode of all fungi, including dermatophytes. Several nucleotide databases are available to compare sequences and thus identify isolates; however, these databases often contain mislabeled sequences that impair sequence-based identification. We evaluated five of these databases on a clinical isolate panel. We selected 292 clinical dermatophyte strains that were prospectively subjected to an ITS2 nucleotide sequence analysis. Sequences were analyzed against the databases, and the results were compared to clusters obtained via DNA alignment of sequence segments. The DNA tree served as the identification standard throughout the study. According to the ITS2 sequence identification, the majority of strains (255/292) belonged to the genus Trichophyton , mainly T. rubrum complex ( n = 184), T. interdigitale ( n = 40), T. tonsurans ( n = 26), and T. benhamiae ( n = 5). Other genera included Microsporum (e.g., M. canis [ n = 21], M. audouinii [ n = 10], Nannizzia gypsea [ n = 3], and Epidermophyton [ n = 3]). Species-level identification of T. rubrum complex isolates was an issue. Overall, ITS DNA sequencing is a reliable tool to identify dermatophyte species given that a comprehensive and correctly labeled database is consulted. Since many inaccurate identification results exist in the DNA databases used for this study, reference databases must be verified frequently and amended in line with the current revisions of fungal taxonomy. Before describing a new species or adding a new DNA reference to the available databases, its position in the phylogenetic tree must be verified.

Published
2018

15. Development of a quantitative PCR detecting Cunninghamella bertholletiae to help in diagnosing this rare and aggressive mucormycosis

Author

Laurence Millon, Ana Berceanu, Eric Deconinck, Benoît Valot, Emeline Scherer, Nicolas Belin, Jean Fontan, Adrien Chauchet, Anne-Pauline Bellanger, Jean-Christophe Navellou, Steffi Rocchi, Laboratoire Chrono-environnement ( LCE ), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté ( UBFC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ), Service de parasitologie et mycologie [CHU de Besançon], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Besançon] ( CHRU Besançon ), Service d'hématologie, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Besançon] ( CHRU Besançon ) -hopital Jean Minjoz, Service de réanimation médicale, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Besançon] ( CHRU Besançon ) -Hôpital Jean Minjoz, Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - CNRS - UBFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Service de parasitologie et mycologie [CHRU de Besançon], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Besançon (CHRU Besançon), and Service de Réanimation médicale [CHRU Besançon]

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Male, Posaconazole, medicine.medical_specialty, Antifungal Agents, Chronic lymphocytic leukemia, 030106 microbiology, Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction, [ SDV.EE.SANT ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Health, 03 medical and health sciences, Immunocompromised Host, 0302 clinical medicine, Fatal Outcome, Internal medicine, Medicine, Humans, Mucormycosis, 030212 general & internal medicine, Lung, Cunninghamella, [SDV.EE.SANT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Health, Transplantation, Hematology, biology, business.industry, Aplasia, medicine.disease, biology.organism_classification, Dermatology, Cunninghamella bertholletiae, Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell, 3. Good health, Leukemia, business, medicine.drug
Abstract

International audience; Mucormycosis is an invasive mold infection, frequently fatal in immunocompromised patients. We report the case of a patient with chronic lymphocytic leukemia admitted to the hematology unit for febrile aplasia. Pulmonary lesions suggesting a fungal infection expanded/increased despite a combination of posaconazole and liposomal amphotericin B. The fungal biomarkers performed repeatedly were negative. At D65 after chemotherapy a bronchial biopsy was positive for Cunninghamella bertholletiae. The patient died despite appropriate antifungal management. A qPCR targeting Cunninghamella was developed a posteriori, and a retrospective analysis showed that a sample was positive more than 30 days before culture-based identification could be made.

Published
2018

16. Therapeutic effect of the alkaloid extract of the cyanobacterium Spirulina platensis on the lipid profile of hypercholesterolemic male rabbits

Author

Lotfi Aleya, Faris S. Kata, Ahmed M. Athbi, Ahmed Al-Ashoor, Mohamed M. Abdel-Daim, Entisar Q Manwar, University of Basrah, Irak, Thi Qar University, Irak, Laboratoire Chrono-environnement ( LCE ), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté ( UBFC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ), Suez Canal University. Ismailia. Egypt, Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - CNRS - UBFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), and Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)

Subjects
Male, 0106 biological sciences, 0301 basic medicine, Very low-density lipoprotein, Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, Hypercholesterolemia, Pharmacology, 01 natural sciences, [ SDE ] Environmental Sciences, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, Alkaloids, 010608 biotechnology, Spirulina, medicine, Animals, Environmental Chemistry, Spirulina (dietary supplement), Hydroxymethyl, gamma-Linolenic acid, Triglycerides, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 2. Zero hunger, medicine.diagnostic_test, Chemistry, Cholesterol, Alkaloid, Therapeutic effect, General Medicine, Pollution, 3. Good health, 030104 developmental biology, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Rabbits, Lipid profile
Abstract

The authors' objectives are to investigate the therapeutic effect of alkaloid extract of cyanobacteria Spirulina platensis on the lipid profile of hypercholesterolemic male rabbits and to identify the active compounds in the alkaloid extract. Male rabbits were divided into four groups of six animals. The intact rabbits in the first group served as a negative control. The second group served as a positive control (hypercholesterolemic rabbits). Over a 4-week period, hypercholesterolemic rabbits in the third group received a low dose of alkaloid extract (33 mg/kg), and the hypercholesterolemic rabbits in the fourth group received a high dose (66 mg/kg). The results revealed that both doses of alkaloid extract significantly decreased levels of cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoproteins (LDL), and very low-density lipoproteins (VLDL) when compared to the control group, whereas the high-density lipoproteins (HDL) increased significantly compared to the control group. The active compounds in the alkaloid extract were identified using GC-mass. The most abundant compounds found in the extract were 1-(+)-ascorbic acid 2,6-dihexadecanoate, 9,12-octadecadienoic acid (Z, Z)-, hexadecanoic acid, 2-hydroxy-1- (hydroxymethyl) ethyl ester, and gamolenic acid.

Published
2018

17. Effects of sodium chloride salinity on ecophysiological and biochemical parameters of oak seedlings (Quercus robur L.) from use of de-icing salts for winter road maintenance

Author

Lotfi Aleya, Pascale Bourgeade, Mohamed Bourioug, Laurence Alaoui-Sehmer, Xavier Laffray, Badr Alaoui-Sossé, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle ( MNHN ), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement ( LCE ), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté ( UBFC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ), Ecole Nationale d'Agriculture - Meknès, Ecole Nationale d?Agriculture - Meknès, Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - CNRS - UBFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), and Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, 0301 basic medicine, Salinity, Sodium, chemistry.chemical_element, Taproot, Sodium Chloride, Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law, Vermiculite, Plant Roots, 01 natural sciences, Chloride, Quercus robur, [ SDE ] Environmental Sciences, Quercus, Soil, 03 medical and health sciences, Dry weight, medicine, Soil Pollutants, Biomass, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, General Environmental Science, biology, General Medicine, 15. Life on land, biology.organism_classification, Pollution, Plant Leaves, Horticulture, 030104 developmental biology, chemistry, Food, Seedlings, Seedling, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Potassium, Seasons, Environmental Monitoring, 010606 plant biology & botany, medicine.drug
Abstract

Salt is widely used to melt snow on roads especially in mountain regions. Whether as rock salt or aerosols, spread or sprayed over road surfaces, salt may result in increased salt concentrations in soils, which, in turn, affect natural vegetation, especially tree seedlings already subjected to various other types of abiotic stress. The authors investigated the effects of salt treatment-related stress on seedling growth and certain biochemical parameters in Quercus robur to determine ion concentrations in root tips. Seedlings growing in a quartz sand/vermiculite mixture were subjected to NaCl concentrations of 0, 50, or 100 mM for 5 weeks. The results showed that high NaCl concentrations caused a marked reduction in total leaf biomass 55 and 75% for 50 and 100 mM treatments, respectively, in dry weight of stems (84%) and roots (175%) for 100 mM treatment and modified root architecture, whereas no changes appeared in leaf number. A non-significant decrease in relative water content, with changes in ion balance was recorded. Comparison of stressed to control plants show an increase in sodium (3.5–8-fold), potassium (0.6-fold), and chloride (9.5–14-fold) concentrations in the root tips while the K+/Na+ ratio decreased. In taproots, no significant biochemical differences were observed between the salt-treated and the control plants for acid invertase activity, reducing sugars, sucrose, or soluble protein contents. The significance of ion and sugar accumulations in relation to osmotic adjustment and the ability of oak seedlings to cope with salt stress are discussed.

Published
2018

18. Constitutive activation of MexT by amino acid substitutions results in MexEF-OprN overproduction in clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Author

Patrick Plésiat, Catherine Llanes, Christophe Bordi, Isabelle Broutin, Paulo Juarez, Laboratoire Chrono-environnement ( LCE ), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté ( UBFC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ), Laboratoire de cristallographie et RMN biologiques ( LCRB - UMR 8015 ), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire d'ingénierie des systèmes macromoléculaires ( LISM ), Aix Marseille Université ( AMU ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Agents pathogènes et inflammation - UFC (EA 4266) ( API ), Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - UFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Laboratoire de cristallographie et RMN biologiques (LCRB - UMR 8015), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5), Laboratoire d'ingénierie des systèmes macromoléculaires (LISM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Agents pathogènes et inflammation - UFC (EA 4266) (API), Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - CNRS - UBFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de Référence de la Résistance aux Antibiotiques (CNR), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Besançon (CHRU Besançon), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement (UMR 6249) (LCE), and ANR-17-CE11-0028,MISTEC,Systèmes d'efflux minimaux pour l'étude fonctionnelle des complexes tripartites de la paroi bactérienne(2017)

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, 030106 microbiology, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, [ SDV.MP.BAC ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Bacteriology, medicine.disease_cause, Microbiology, 03 medical and health sciences, Antibiotic resistance, Downregulation and upregulation, Mechanisms of Resistance, [ SDV.MP ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology, Drug Resistance, Bacterial, medicine, Pharmacology (medical), Overproduction, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Regulator gene, Pharmacology, chemistry.chemical_classification, Chemistry, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Chloramphenicol, Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial, [SDV.MP.BAC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Bacteriology, 3. Good health, Amino acid, Anti-Bacterial Agents, Infectious Diseases, [SDV.MP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology, Amino Acid Substitution, Mutation, Efflux, medicine.drug
Abstract

When overproduced, the multidrug efflux system MexEF-OprN increases the resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to fluoroquinolones, chloramphenicol, and trimethoprim. In this work, we demonstrate that gain-of-function mutations in the regulatory gene mexT result in oligomerization of the LysR regulator MexT, constitutive upregulation of the efflux pump, and increased resistance in clinical isolates.

Published
2018

19. Tumor shape pulmonary mucormycosis associated with sinonasal aspergillosis in a diabetic patient

Author

Emilie Catherinot, Chantal Raherison, Fanny Lanternier, Frédéric Gabriel, Hugues Begueret, Elodie Blanchard, Sophie Point, Jacques Jougon, Manal Abdel Fattah, Frédéric Grenouillet, Hôpital Haut-Lévêque [CHU Bordeaux], CHU Bordeaux [Bordeaux], Institut d'Histoire de la Pensée Classique ( IHPC ), École normale supérieure - Lyon ( ENS Lyon ) -Université Lumière - Lyon 2 ( UL2 ) -Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 ( UBP ) -Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] ( UJM ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Service d’Anatomo-Pathologie [CHU Pessac], CHU Pessac, Centre d'infectiologie Necker-Pasteur, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)-CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Laboratoire Chrono-environnement ( LCE ), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté ( UBFC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ), Service des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales [CHRU Nancy], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nancy ( CHRU Nancy ), Hôpital Foch [Suresnes], Inserm U1219, Institut Agronomique néo Calédonien, Hôpital Pellegrin, CHU de Bordeaux, Centre d'infectiologie Necker-Pasteur [CHU Necker], CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Institut Pasteur [Paris], Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - CNRS - UBFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nancy (CHRU Nancy), Bordeaux population health (BPH), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut de Santé Publique, d'Épidémiologie et de Développement (ISPED)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), and Institut Agronomique Néo-Calédonien (IAC)

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Fungal infection, Posaconazole, Pathology, BAL, Bronchoalveolar Lavage, raft Versus Host disease, Case Report, Aspergillosis, Gastroenterology, Bronchoalveolar Lavage, Polymerase Chain Reaction, Aspergillus fumigatus, chemistry.chemical_compound, Diabetic ketoacidosis, PCR, Polymerase Chain Reaction, GVH, raft Versus Host disease, lcsh:QH301-705.5, Pulmonary mucormycosis, lcsh:R5-920, medicine.diagnostic_test, biology, 3. Good health, Infectious Diseases, PCR, GVH, lcsh:Medicine (General), medicine.drug, Mucorales, medicine.medical_specialty, 030106 microbiology, Microbiology, [ SDV.EE.SANT ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Health, 03 medical and health sciences, Internal medicine, medicine, Sinusal aspergillosis, [SDV.EE.SANT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Health, BAL, business.industry, Mucormycosis, Bronchial obstruction, biology.organism_classification, medicine.disease, bacterial infections and mycoses, Bronchoalveolar lavage, chemistry, lcsh:Biology (General), Caspofungin, business
Abstract

International audience; Mucormycosis is a rare and life-threatening fungal infection of the Mucorales order occurring mainly in immunosuppressed patients. The most common forms are rhinocerebral but pulmonary or disseminated forms may occur. We report the case of a 61-year-old patient in whom pulmonary mucormycosis was diagnosed during his first-ever episode of diabetic ketoacidosis. While receiving liposomal amphotericin B, a sinusal aspergillosis due to Aspergillus fumigatus occurred. Evolution was slowly favorable under antifungal tritherapy by liposomal amphotericin B, posaconazole and caspofungin.

Published
2018

20. Hyperspectral core logging for fire reconstruction studies

Author

Jean-Louis Reyss, Yoann Copard, Boris Vannière, Stéphane Marcotte, Marc Desmet, Benoit Laignel, Antonin Van Exem, Pierre Sabatier, Maxime Debret, Morphodynamique Continentale et Côtière (M2C), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement (UMR 6249) (LCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Environnements, Dynamiques et Territoires de Montagne (EDYTEM), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Chimie Organique et Bioorganique : Réactivité et Analyse (COBRA), Institut de Chimie Organique Fine (IRCOF), Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut national des sciences appliquées Rouen Normandie (INSA Rouen Normandie), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Normand de Chimie Moléculaire Médicinale et Macromoléculaire (INC3M), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Université Le Havre Normandie (ULH), Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Institut national des sciences appliquées Rouen Normandie (INSA Rouen Normandie), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette] (LSCE), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Océan et Interfaces (OCEANIS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), GéoHydrosystèmes COntinentaux (GéHCO EA6293), Université de Tours (UT), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - CNRS - UBFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Environnements, Dynamiques et Territoires de la Montagne (EDYTEM), Institut Normand de Chimie Moléculaire Médicinale et Macromoléculaire (INC3M), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Le Havre Normandie (ULH), Normandie Université (NU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie Organique Fine (IRCOF), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Université de Rouen Normandie ( UNIROUEN ), Normandie Université ( NU ), Morphodynamique Continentale et Côtière ( M2C ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Rouen Normandie ( UNIROUEN ), Normandie Université ( NU ) -Normandie Université ( NU ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Université de Caen Normandie ( UNICAEN ), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement ( LCE ), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté ( UBFC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ), Environnements, Dynamiques et Territoires de la Montagne ( EDYTEM ), Université Savoie Mont Blanc ( USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry] ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Chimie Organique et Bioorganique : Reactivité et Analyse ( COBRA ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Institut de Chimie Organique Fine ( IRCOF ), Normandie Université ( NU ) -Normandie Université ( NU ) -Institut national des sciences appliquées Rouen Normandie ( INSA Rouen Normandie ), Normandie Université ( NU ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Rouen Normandie ( UNIROUEN ), Normandie Université ( NU ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette] ( LSCE ), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines ( UVSQ ) -Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ) -Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Univ Tours, Lab GeHCO, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]), and Université de Tours

Subjects
[ SDU.OCEAN ] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, Chlorophyll a, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Data treatment, Mineralogy, Aquatic Science, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, Chlorophyll index, Lacustrine sediment, Spectrophotometry, medicine, Organic matter, Paleolimnology, Spectral resolution, Charcoal, Hyperspectral Imagery, [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Earth-Surface Processes, chemistry.chemical_classification, Hyperspectral high-resolution core logging, medicine.diagnostic_test, Fire regime, Hyperspectral imaging, 15. Life on land, Fire, Lake sediments, chemistry, 13. Climate action, visual_art, Chlorophyll, visual_art.visual_art_medium, Environmental science, [ SDU ] Sciences of the Universe [physics]
Abstract

International audience; Lacustrine sediments contain a wide range of proxies that enable paleoenvironmental reconstructions. For instance, charcoal can be used to document past fire regime changes. In order to analyse high-temporal- and spatial-resolution records, however, it is necessary to develop fast, low-cost and high-stratigraphic-resolution methods. We developed a new paleo-fire proxy by studying a lacustrine core from the Esterel Massif, SE France, an area affected by two recent fire events, in AD 1987 and 2003. For this purpose, we searched for charcoal deposited and preserved in the lake sediments by combining a number of complementary methods, including: classic macrocharcoal tallying, scanning spectrophotometry, scanning hyperspectral imaging and high pressure liquid chromatography analyses. Macrocharcoal quantification is efficient, but time-consuming, and only provides intermediate-resolution data (cm scale). Spectrophotometry, used classically to quantify colour, is very fast, provides high-resolution data (4 mm) and is non-destructive (core preservation). Hyperspectral data have the same advantages as spectrophotometry, but offer higher spatial resolution (64-µm pixel size) and higher spectral resolution (6 nm) for core logging applications. The main result of this research is based on hyperspectral analysis at very high stratigraphic resolution using the I-band index. This index usually measures reflectance values at [660, 670 nm] corresponding to the trough in red reflectance produced by Chlorophyll a and its diagenetic products. This [660, 670 nm] reflectance trough, however, is also affected by the presence of altered organic matter and decreases with altered organic matter such as charcoal particles. Charcoal effect on the reflectance of Chlorophyll a and its diagenetic products is identified on first derivative spectra by a characteristic pattern around 675 nm, which is also in agreement with the Chlorophyll a concentrations measured by high-pressure liquid chromatography and charcoal particles. The I-band index is hence suitable for detecting burned organic matter, by quantifying the dilution of the chlorophyll signal by the charcoal signal. Thus, this adaptation of the I-band index can be applied in fire reconstruction studies

Published
2018

21. Similar outcome of allogeneic stem cell transplantation after myeloablative and sequential conditioning regimen in patients with refractory or relapsed acute myeloid leukemia: A study from the Société Francophone de Greffe de Moelle et de Thérapie Cellula

Author

Mauricette Michallet, Justine Decroocq, Florence Beckerich, Felipe Suarez, Yves Beguin, Yosr Hicheri, Charlotte Jubert, Laurence Clement, Raphael Itzykson, Jacques-Olivier Bay, Nathalie Dhedin, Jean-Henri Bourhis, Didier Blaise, Martin Carre, Patrice Chevallier, Mélanie Mercier, Stephane Vigouroux, Charles Dauriac, Eric Deconinck, Ibrahim Yakoub-Agha, Marie-Pierre Ledoux, Natacha Maillard, Jérôme Cornillon, Nathalie Contentin, Stephanie Nguyen-Quoc, Mohamad Mohty, Régis Peffault de Latour, Amandine Charbonnier, Anne Huynh, Nicole Raus, Gaelle Guillerm, Hématopoïèse normale et pathologique, Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut Gustave Roussy (IGR)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Dpt hématologie [CHU Bordeaux], CHU Bordeaux [Bordeaux], Hematology Laboratory, Hospices Civils de Lyon, UAM Allogreffes de CSH, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Laboratoire d'Hématologie [Purpan], Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-CHU Toulouse [Toulouse], Laboratory of molecular mechanisms of hematologic disorders and therapeutic implications (ERL 8254 - Equipe Inserm U1163), Imagine - Institut des maladies génétiques (IMAGINE - U1163), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Service d'Hématologie Clinique, Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes), Service d'Hématologie clinique [CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière], CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Service d'Hématologie [CHRU Nancy], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nancy (CHRU Nancy), Laboratoire d'hématologie (Labo Hémato - BREST), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Brest (CHRU Brest), Institut de Cancérologie de la Loire Lucien Neuwirth, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Saint-Etienne (CHU de Saint-Etienne), Franche-Comté Électronique Mécanique, Thermique et Optique - Sciences et Technologies (UMR 6174) (FEMTO-ST), Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Mécanique et des Microtechniques (ENSMM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Hôpital de la Milétrie, Centre hospitalier universitaire de Poitiers (CHU Poitiers), Service d'hématologie [Angers], Centre Hospitalier Universitaire d'Angers (CHU Angers), PRES Université Nantes Angers Le Mans (UNAM)-PRES Université Nantes Angers Le Mans (UNAM), Service d'Hématologie, Université de Liège, Département d'hématologie [Gustave Roussy], Institut Gustave Roussy (IGR), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - CNRS - UBFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Service Hématologie, CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes], Role of intra-Clonal Heterogeneity and Leukemic environment in ThErapy Resistance of chronic leukemias (CHELTER), Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020]), Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Fédération nationale des Centres de lutte contre le Cancer (FNCLCC), Hôpital JeanMinjoz, Service d'hématologie [Hôpital Edouard Herriot - HCL], Hôpital Edouard Herriot [CHU - HCL], Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Institut Universitaire d'Hématologie (IUH), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Service de Greffe de Moelle - Unité AJA, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Groupe Hospitalier Saint Louis - Lariboisière - Fernand Widal [Paris], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Institut Gustave Roussy ( IGR ) -Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] ( CHRU Lille ), Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse 3 ( UPS ) -CHU Toulouse [Toulouse]-Hôpital Purpan [Toulouse], Laboratoire d'hématologie ( ERL 8254 ), Imagine - Institut des maladies génétiques ( IMAGINE - U1163 ), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes ( CHU Nantes ), Service d'Hématologie Clinique [CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [APHP], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nancy ( CHRU Nancy ), Laboratoire d'hématologie ( Labo Hémato - BREST ), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Brest ( CHRU Brest ), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Saint-Etienne ( CHU de Saint-Etienne ), Franche-Comté Électronique Mécanique, Thermique et Optique - Sciences et Technologies ( FEMTO-ST ), Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard ( UTBM ) -Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Mécanique et des Microtechniques ( ENSMM ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ), CHU de Poitiers, CHU Angers, Institut Gustave Roussy ( IGR ), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement ( LCE ), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté ( UBFC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ), Role of intra-Clonal Heterogeneity and Leukemic environment in ThErapy Resistance of chronic leukemias - Clermont Auvergne ( CHELTER ), Université Clermont Auvergne ( UCA ), Institut Paoli Calmettes, Hospices Civils de Lyon ( HCL ) -Hospices Civils de Lyon ( HCL ), IFR Saint-Louis, institut d'hématologie ( ISLIH ), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ) -Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)-Groupe Hospitalier Saint Louis - Lariboisière - Fernand Widal [Paris], Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-CHU Toulouse [Toulouse]-Hôpital Purpan [Toulouse], CHU Toulouse [Toulouse], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Mécanique et des Microtechniques (ENSMM)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Service Hématologie - IUCT-Oncopole [CHU Toulouse], Pôle Biologie [CHU Toulouse], Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse)-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse)-Pôle IUCT [CHU Toulouse], Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Saint-Etienne [CHU Saint-Etienne] (CHU ST-E), and Laboratoire Chrono-environnement (UMR 6249) (LCE)

Subjects
Male, Transplantation Conditioning, medicine.medical_treatment, Graft vs Host Disease, Salvage therapy, Kaplan-Meier Estimate, Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, Gastroenterology, 0302 clinical medicine, Recurrence, Medicine, [ SDV.MHEP.HEM ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Hematology, Cumulative incidence, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, [SDV.MHEP.HEM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Hematology, Hematology, Middle Aged, Allografts, Donor Lymphocytes, 3. Good health, Survival Rate, Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute, Treatment Outcome, Lymphocyte Transfusion, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Female, Immunosuppressive Agents, Whole-Body Irradiation, Adult, Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, Disease-Free Survival, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, Internal medicine, Humans, Survival rate, Retrospective Studies, Salvage Therapy, business.industry, Myeloablative Agonists, medicine.disease, Transplantation, Regimen, Graft-versus-host disease, business, Follow-Up Studies, 030215 immunology
Abstract

Patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in relapse or refractory to induction therapy have a dismal prognosis. Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is the only curative option. In these patients, we aimed to compare the results of a myeloablative transplant versus a sequential approach consisting in a cytoreductive chemotherapy followed by a reduced intensity conditioning regimen and prophylactic donor lymphocytes infusions. We retrospectively analyzed 99 patients aged 18-50 years, transplanted for a refractory (52%) or a relapsed AML not in remission (48%). Fifty-eight patients received a sequential approach and 41 patients a myeloablative conditioning regimen. Only 6 patients received prophylactic donor lymphocytes infusions. With a median follow-up of 48 months, 2-year overall survival was 39%, 95% confidence interval (CI) (24-53) in the myeloablative group versus 33%, 95% CI (21-45) in the sequential groups (P = .39), and 2-year cumulative incidence of relapse (CIR) was 57% versus 50% respectively (P = .99). Nonrelapse mortality was not higher in the myeloablative group (17% versus 15%, P = .44). In multivariate analysis, overall survival, CIR and nonrelapse mortality remained similar between the two groups. However, in multivariate analysis, sequential conditioning led to fewer acute grade II-IV graft versus host disease (GVHD) (HR for sequential approach = 0.37; 95% CI: 0.21-0.65; P < .001) without a significant impact on chronic GVHD (all grades and extensive). In young patients with refractory or relapsed AML, myeloablative transplant and sequential approach offer similar outcomes except for a lower incidence of acute GvHD after a sequential transplant.

Published
2018

22. The One Health Concept: 10 Years Old and a Long Road Ahead

Author

Delphine Destoumieux-Garzón, Patrick Mavingui, Gilles Boetsch, Jérôme Boissier, Frédéric Darriet, Priscilla Duboz, Clémentine Fritsch, Patrick Giraudoux, Frédérique Le Roux, Serge Morand, Christine Paillard, Dominique Pontier, Cédric Sueur, Yann Voituron, Laboratoire de Chimie et Biochimie des Substances Naturelles, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Ecologie microbienne ( EM ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Lyon ( ENVL ) -Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 ( UCBL ), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -VetAgro Sup ( VAS ), UMR 6578 : Adaptabilité Biologique et Culturelle ( UAABC ), Université de la Méditerranée - Aix-Marseille 2-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Interactions Hôtes-Pathogènes-Environnements ( IHPE ), Université de Perpignan Via Domitia ( UPVD ) -Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer ( IFREMER ) -Université de Montpellier ( UM ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement ( IRD ), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement ( LCE ), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté ( UBFC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ), Laboratoire de Biologie Intégrative des Modèles Marins ( LBI2M ), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier ( ISEM ), Université de Montpellier ( UM ) -Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin (LEMAR) ( LEMAR ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Brest ( UBO ) -Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer ( IFREMER ) -Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer ( IUEM ), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement ( IRD ) -Université de Brest ( UBO ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement ( IRD ) -Université de Brest ( UBO ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement ( IRD ), Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive ( LBBE ), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 ( UCBL ), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique ( Inria ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Département Ecologie, Physiologie et Ethologie ( DEPE-IPHC ), Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien ( IPHC ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Strasbourg ( UNISTRA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Strasbourg ( UNISTRA ), Laboratoire d'Ecologie des Hydrosystèmes Naturels et Anthropisés ( LEHNA ), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -École Nationale des Travaux Publics de l'État ( ENTPE ) -Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 ( UCBL ), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon, Interactions Hôtes-Pathogènes-Environnements (IHPE), Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Processus Infectieux en Milieu Insulaire Tropical (PIMIT), Université de La Réunion (UR)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-IRD-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Ecologie Microbienne - UMR 5557 (LEM), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Lyon (ENVL)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Unité Mixte Internationale 'Environnement Santé Sociétés' (ESS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Téssékéré International Human-Environment Observatory Labex DRIIM, Université Cheikh Anta Diop [Dakar, Sénégal] (UCAD), Vector Control Group (MIVEGEC-VCG), Evolution des Systèmes Vectoriels (ESV), Maladies infectieuses et vecteurs : écologie, génétique, évolution et contrôle (MIVEGEC), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Maladies infectieuses et vecteurs : écologie, génétique, évolution et contrôle (MIVEGEC), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement (UMR 6249) (LCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), Ministère de l'Education nationale, de l’Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche (M.E.N.E.S.R.), Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier (UMR ISEM), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Animal, Santé, Territoires, Risques et Ecosystèmes (UMR ASTRE), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin (LEMAR) (LEMAR), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Ecoépidémiologie évolutionniste, Département écologie évolutive [LBBE], Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive - UMR 5558 (LBBE), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive - UMR 5558 (LBBE), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Département Ecologie, Physiologie et Ethologie (DEPE-IPHC), Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien (IPHC), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Ecologie des Hydrosystèmes Naturels et Anthropisés (LEHNA), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-École Nationale des Travaux Publics de l'État (ENTPE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), French National Center for Scientific Research (CNRS) National Institute of Ecology and Environment (INEE), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -VetAgro Sup, Processus Infectieux en Milieu Insulaire Tropical ( PIMIT ), Université de la Réunion ( UR ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -IRD-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), UMI 3189 ESS Environnement, santé, sociétés, ( UMI 3189 ), CNRS and Cheikh Anta Diop University, Maladies infectieuses et vecteurs : écologie, génétique, évolution et contrôle ( MIVEGEC ), Université de Montpellier ( UM ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement ( IRD [France-Sud] ), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté ( UBFC ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Institut Universitaire de France ( IUF ), Ministère de l'Éducation nationale, de l’Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche ( M.E.N.E.S.R. ), Unité Physiologie Fonctionnelle des Organismes marins, Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer ( IFREMER ), UPR ASTRE, CIRAD, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement ( IRD ) -Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer ( IFREMER ) -Université de Brest ( UBO ) -Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer ( IUEM ), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement ( IRD ) -Université de Brest ( UBO ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement ( IRD ) -Université de Brest ( UBO ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), LabEx Ecofect, Eco-Evolutionary Dynamics of Infectious Diseases, Université de Strasbourg ( UNISTRA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Strasbourg ( UNISTRA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 ( UCBL ), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-École Nationale des Travaux Publics de l'État ( ENTPE ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IRD-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de La Réunion (UR), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Lyon (ENVL), Unité Mixte Internationale 'Environnement Santé Sociétés' (UMI ESS), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - CNRS - UBFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer - Brest (IFREMER Centre de Bretagne), École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Lyon (ENVL)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS), UMR 6578 : Adaptabilité Biologique et Culturelle (UAABC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de la Méditerranée - Aix-Marseille 2, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - UFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Laboratoire de Biologie Intégrative des Modèles Marins (LBI2M), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Station biologique de Roscoff [Roscoff] (SBR), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-École Nationale des Travaux Publics de l'État (ENTPE), Giraudoux, Patrick, Génétique et évolution des maladies infectieuses (GEMI), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Génétique et évolution des maladies infectieuses (GEMI), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), and Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[SDE] Environmental Sciences, 0301 basic medicine, EcoHealth, Environmental pollution, Disease, Review, [ SDE ] Environmental Sciences, maladie infectieuse, One health, ecotoxicology, infectious disease, interdisciplinary research, multifactorial disease, non-communicable disease, public health, [SDV.MHEP.ME] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Emerging diseases, 2. Zero hunger, [SDV.EE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment, [SDV.MHEP.ME]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Emerging diseases, lcsh:Veterinary medicine, 3. Good health, [SDV.EE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment, One Health, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Veterinary medicine and animal Health, écotoxicologie, medicine.medical_specialty, 030106 microbiology, Public policy, [ SDV.EE ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment, 03 medical and health sciences, Globalization, medicine, Environmental planning, [ SDE.BE ] Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, [SDV.BA.MVSA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology/Veterinary medicine and animal Health, General Veterinary, Public health, ACL, [SDV.BA.MVSA] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology/Veterinary medicine and animal Health, Non-communicable disease, medicine.disease, [SDE.BE] Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Médecine vétérinaire et santé animal, 030104 developmental biology, 13. Climate action, santé publique, lcsh:SF600-1100, Veterinary Science, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology
Abstract

International audience; Over the past decade, a significant increase in the circulation of infectious agents was observed. With the spread and emergence of epizootics, zoonoses, and epidemics, the risks of pandemics became more and more critical. Human and animal health has also been threatened by antimicrobial resistance, environmental pollution, and the develop- ment of multifactorial and chronic diseases. This highlighted the increasing globalization of health risks and the importance of the human–animal–ecosystem interface in the evo- lution and emergence of pathogens. A better knowledge of causes and consequences of certain human activities, lifestyles, and behaviors in ecosystems is crucial for a rigor- ous interpretation of disease dynamics and to drive public policies. As a global good, health security must be understood on a global scale and from a global and crosscutting perspective, integrating human health, animal health, plant health, ecosystems health, and biodiversity. In this study, we discuss how crucial it is to consider ecological, evolu- tionary, and environmental sciences in understanding the emergence and re-emergence of infectious diseases and in facing the challenges of antimicrobial resistance. We also discuss the application of the “One Health” concept to non-communicable chronic dis- eases linked to exposure to multiple stresses, including toxic stress, and new lifestyles. Finally, we draw up a list of barriers that need removing and the ambitions that we must nurture for the effective application of the “One Health” concept. We conclude that the success of this One Health concept now requires breaking down the interdisciplinary barriers that still separate human and veterinary medicine from ecological, evolutionary, and environmental sciences. The development of integrative approaches should be pro- moted by linking the study of factors underlying stress responses to their consequences on ecosystem functioning and evolution. This knowledge is required for the development of novel control strategies inspired by environmental mechanisms leading to desired equilibrium and dynamics in healthy ecosystems and must provide in the near future a framework for more integrated operational initiatives.

Published
2018

23. A Bundle of Measures to Control an Outbreak of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Associated With P-Trap Contamination

Author

Pascal Cholley, Xavier Bertrand, Didier Hocquet, Michelle Thouverez, Amélie Varin, Houssein Gbaguidi-Haore, Laboratoire Chrono-environnement ( LCE ), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté ( UBFC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ), Hôpital Jean Minjoz, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Besançon] ( CHRU Besançon ), Agents pathogènes et inflammation - UFC (EA 4266) ( API ), Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Besançon (CHRU Besançon), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - CNRS - UBFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre national de recherche scientifique ( CNRS ), and Université de Lille, Sciences Humaines et Sociales

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Microbiology (medical), Epidemiology, 030106 microbiology, Drug resistance, 030501 epidemiology, [ SDV.MP.BAC ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Bacteriology, medicine.disease_cause, beta-Lactamases, Disease Outbreaks, Microbiology, Tertiary Care Centers, 03 medical and health sciences, [ SDV.MP ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology, Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial, medicine, Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, Humans, Infection control, Pseudomonas Infections, Cross Infection, Infection Control, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, business.industry, Outbreak, 3. Good health, Transplantation, Infectious Diseases, Carriage, [SDV.MP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology, Equipment Contamination, Multilocus sequence typing, France, Water Microbiology, 0305 other medical science, business, Multilocus Sequence Typing
Abstract

OBJECTIVETo describe an outbreak of multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa in which the hospital waste-pipe system was the likely source of contamination and to report the bundle of measures that facilitated the long-term control of the outbreak.DESIGNOutbreak investigation.SETTINGThe hematology unit of a tertiary-care referral center.PATIENTSPatients who were colonized or infected with P. aeruginosa belonging to the clonal outbreak.METHODSPatients admitted to our 15-bed stem-cell transplantation hematology unit were screened for P. aeruginosa carriage. Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates were also obtained from diagnostic samples. We assessed the microbiological contamination of P-traps, water and toilets for 42 months. Extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) and metallo-β-lactamases (MBLs) were screened and identified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequencing. Molecular typing of ESBL- or MBL-producing isolates was carried out using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and multilocus sequence typing (MLST).RESULTSFrom 2009 to 2013, a biclonal outbreak of IMP-19–producing ST235 (11 cases) and IMP-29–producing ST111 (10 cases) of P. aeruginosa occurred. The environmental investigation strongly suggested that P-traps were the reservoirs for the outbreak strains. A bundle of infection control measures, including engineering interventions on water outlets and disinfection of P-traps, controlled the outbreak.CONCLUSIONSWe report a prolonged outbreak of IMP-producing high-risk clones of P. aeruginosa, for which P-traps seems to play a major role in cross-transmission. It appears essential to implement proactive measures to limit the bacterial load in water fittings of high-risk units.Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2018;39:164–169

Published
2018

24. Low density lipoproteins and human serum albumin as the carriers of squalenoylated drugs: insights from molecular simulations

Author

Mariia Savenko, Simona Mura, Patrick Couvreur, Christophe Ramseyer, Semen O. Yesylevskyy, Laboratoire Chrono-environnement ( LCE ), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté ( UBFC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ), Physico-chimie, pharmacotechnie, biopharmacie ( PCPB ), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - CNRS - UBFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Physico-chimie, pharmacotechnie, biopharmacie (PCPB), and Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Squalene, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-BIO-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Biological Physics [physics.bio-ph], Drug Compounding, Pharmaceutical Science, Serum Albumin, Human, 02 engineering and technology, Plasma protein binding, Molecular Dynamics Simulation, 010402 general chemistry, 01 natural sciences, Molecular Docking Simulation, Deoxycytidine, chemistry.chemical_compound, [ PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-BIO-PH ] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Biological Physics [physics.bio-ph], Lipid droplet, Drug Discovery, medicine, Moiety, Humans, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Drug Carriers, Binding Sites, Adenine, [SDV.SP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Pharmaceutical sciences, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Human serum albumin, Gemcitabine, 3. Good health, 0104 chemical sciences, [CHIM.THEO]Chemical Sciences/Theoretical and/or physical chemistry, Lipoproteins, LDL, [ SDV.SP ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Pharmaceutical sciences, chemistry, Docking (molecular), Doxorubicin, [ CHIM.THEO ] Chemical Sciences/Theoretical and/or physical chemistry, Biophysics, Molecular Medicine, Nanoparticles, 0210 nano-technology, Drug carrier, Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions, medicine.drug, Protein Binding
Abstract

We have studied the interaction of three clinically promising squalenoylated drugs (gemcitabine-squalene, adenine-squalene, and doxorubicin-squalene) with low-density lipoproteins (LDL) by means of atomistic molecular dynamics simulations. It is shown that all studied squalenoylated drugs accumulate inside the LDL particles. This effect is promoted by the squalene moiety, which acts as an anchor and drives the hydrophilic drugs into the hydrophobic core of the LDL lipid droplet. Our data suggest that LDL particles could be a universal carriers of squalenoylated drugs in the bloodstream. Interaction of gemcitabine-squalene with human serum albumin (HSA) was also studied by ensemble of docking simulations. It is shown that HSA could also act as a passive carrier of this bioconjugate. It should be noted that the binding of squalene moiety to HSA was unspecific and did not occur in the binding pockets devoted to fatty acids.

Published
2018

25. Detection of carbapenemase activity in Pseudomonas aeruginosa by Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization-Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS)

Author

Guillaume Miltgen, Damien Fournier, Patrick Plésiat, P. Chatelain, A. Mille, Service de bactériologie, parasitologie, virologie et hygiène hospitalière [La réunion], Groupe Hospitalier Sud-CHR La réunion, Processus Infectieux en Milieu Insulaire Tropical ( PIMIT ), Université de la Réunion ( UR ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -IRD-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Service de bactériologie [Besançon], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Besançon] ( CHRU Besançon ), Centre National de Référence de la Résistance aux Antibiotiques ( CNR ), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement ( LCE ), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté ( UBFC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ), Processus Infectieux en Milieu Insulaire Tropical (PIMIT), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IRD-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de La Réunion (UR), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Besançon (CHRU Besançon), Centre National de Référence de la Résistance aux Antibiotiques (CNR), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - CNRS - UBFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), and Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Microbiology (medical), Imipenem, Cell Membrane Permeability, 030106 microbiology, Matrix assisted laser desorption ionization time of flight, [ SDV.MP.BAC ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Bacteriology, medicine.disease_cause, Mass spectrometry, Sensitivity and Specificity, Microbiology, beta-Lactamases, Carbapenemase, 03 medical and health sciences, Hydrolysis, Bacterial Proteins, medicine, Humans, MALDI-TOF MS, Pseudomonas Infections, Molecular Biology, Chromatography, Colistin, Chemistry, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Cell Membrane, [SDV.MP.BAC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Bacteriology, Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization, Detection, Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization, medicine.drug
Abstract

International audience; A new MALDI-TOF MS imipenem hydrolysis assay was developed to optimize detection of carbapenemase-producing strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The method correctly discriminated carbapenemase producers (n=74) from non-producers (n=95) in 99.4% of cases, and successfully detected 100% GES-5 strains (n=5).

Published
2018

26. Ecologic Features of Plague Outbreak Areas, Democratic Republic of the Congo, 2004–2014

Author

Benoit Kebela Ilunga, Georges Diatta, Martine Piarroux, Jean-Jacques Muyembe Tamfum, Jean-Christophe Shako, Jean Gaudart, Bertrand Sudre, Aaron Aruna Abedi, Stomy Karhemere Bi Shamamba, Renaud Piarroux, Bernard Davoust, Ministry of Health, Kinshasa [Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo], Plague Reference Laboratory [Bunia, Democratic Republic of the Congo], Sciences Economiques et Sociales de la Santé & Traitement de l'Information Médicale (SESSTIM - U1252 INSERM - Aix Marseille Univ - UMR 259 IRD), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement (UMR 6249) (LCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), National Institute of Biomedical Research [Congo Kinshasa], Microbes évolution phylogénie et infections (MEPHI), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique (iPLESP), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Research Unit on Infectious and Emerging Tropical Diseases [UMR 7278/INSERM UM 63/IRD 3R-198], HAL UPMC, Gestionnaire, Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - CNRS - UBFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Sciences Economiques et Sociales de la Santé & Traitement de l'Information Médicale ( SESSTIM ), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement ( IRD ) -Aix Marseille Université ( AMU ) -ORS PACA-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement ( LCE ), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté ( UBFC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ), Vecteurs - Infections tropicales et méditerranéennes ( VITROME ), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement ( IRD ) -Aix Marseille Université ( AMU ) -Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées ( IRBA ), Microbes évolution phylogénie et infections ( MEPHI ), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement ( IRD ) -Aix Marseille Université ( AMU ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique ( iPLESP ), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), and Abedi, Aaron Aruna

Subjects
Time Factors, Yersinia pestis, lcsh:Medicine, Forests, Disease Outbreaks, 0302 clinical medicine, [SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, Tropical climate, Epidemiology, risk factors, 030212 general & internal medicine, Socioeconomics, bacteria, biology, [ SDV.SPEE ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, dynamics, 3. Good health, [ SDV.MHEP.MI ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, Infectious Diseases, Geography, Population Surveillance, rodents, Synopsis, Democratic Republic of the Congo, [SDV.MHEP.MI] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, epidemiology, ecology, pneumonic plague, environment, Microbiology (medical), Pneumonic plague, future, medicine.medical_specialty, villages, 030231 tropical medicine, Disease cluster, Plague (disease), Mining, lcsh:Infectious and parasitic diseases, [ SDV.EE.SANT ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Health, 03 medical and health sciences, Ecologic Features of Plague Outbreak Areas, Democratic Republic of the Congo, 2004–2014, uganda, Occupational Exposure, parasitic diseases, medicine, Animals, Humans, emergence, [SDV.EE.SANT] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Health, lcsh:RC109-216, climate, Retrospective Studies, [SDV.EE.SANT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Health, Plague, lcsh:R, Tropics, Outbreak, west nile region, biology.organism_classification, medicine.disease, zoonoses, predictors, [SDV.SPEE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie
Abstract

International audience; During 2004–2014, the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) declared 54% of plague cases worldwide. Using national data, we characterized the epidemiology of human plague in DRC for this period. All 4,630 suspected human plague cases and 349 deaths recorded in DRC came from Orientale Province. Pneumonic plague cases (8.8% of total) occurred during 2 major outbreaks in mining camps in the equatorial forest, and some limited outbreaks occurred in the Ituri highlands. Epidemics originated in 5 health zones clustered in Ituri, where sporadic bubonic cases were recorded throughout every year. Classification and regression tree characterized this cluster by the dominance of ecosystem 40 (mountain tropical climate). In conclusion, a small, stable, endemic focus of plague in the highlands of the Ituri tropical region persisted, acting as a source of outbreaks in DRC.

Published
2018

27. Higher third-generation cephalosporin prescription proportion is associated with lower probability of reducing carbapenem use: a nationwide retrospective study

Author

Allison Muller, Xavier Bertrand, Anne-Marie Rogues, Muriel Péfau, Serge Alfandari, Rémy Gauzit, Catherine Dumartin, Houssein Gbaguidi-Haore, on behalf of the ATB-RAISIN network steering committee, Laboratoire Chrono-environnement ( LCE ), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté ( UBFC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ), Hôpital Pellegrin, CHU de Bordeaux, CHU Bordeaux [Bordeaux], Service des maladies infectieuses, Service d'anesthésie-réanimation [Hôtel-Dieu], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)-Hôpital Hôtel-Dieu [Paris], Bordeaux population health ( BPH ), Université de Bordeaux ( UB ) -Institut de Santé Publique, d'Épidémiologie et de Développement (ISPED)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Besançon] ( CHRU Besançon ), Unité de Réanimation, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)-Hôtel-Dieu, Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - CNRS - UBFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Besançon (CHRU Besançon), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôtel-Dieu, Bordeaux population health (BPH), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut de Santé Publique, d'Épidémiologie et de Développement (ISPED)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - UFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), and Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-Hôpital Hôtel-Dieu [Paris]

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Carbapenem, Multidrug-resistant bacteria, Antibiotics, Antimicrobial Stewardship, [ SDV.MP ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology, Acute care, polycyclic compounds, Medicine, Pharmacology (medical), Practice Patterns, Physicians', Antibiotic stewardship, Cross Infection, Enterobacteriaceae Infections, Glycopeptides, [ SDV.SPEE ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Hospitals, 3. Good health, Anti-Bacterial Agents, Intensive Care Units, Infectious Diseases, [SDV.MP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology, Piperacillin, Tazobactam Drug Combination, Prescriptions, Antibiotic use, France, medicine.drug, Fluoroquinolones, Microbiology (medical), medicine.medical_specialty, medicine.drug_class, 030106 microbiology, Guidelines as Topic, Tazobactam, beta-Lactam Resistance, beta-Lactamases, lcsh:Infectious and parasitic diseases, 03 medical and health sciences, Enterobacteriaceae, Intensive care, Drug Resistance, Bacterial, Humans, lcsh:RC109-216, Medical prescription, Probability, Retrospective Studies, business.industry, Research, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Retrospective cohort study, biochemical phenomena, metabolism, and nutrition, bacterial infections and mycoses, Cephalosporins, Logistic Models, ESBL, Carbapenems, Emergency medicine, bacteria, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, business, Piperacillin
Abstract

Background The ongoing extended spectrum β-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (ESBL-PE) pandemic has led to an increasing carbapenem use, requiring release of guidelines for carbapenem usage in France in late 2010. We sought to determine factors associated with changes in carbapenem use in intensive care units (ICUs), medical and surgical wards between 2009 and 2013. Methods This ward-level multicentre retrospective study was based on data from French antibiotic and multidrug-resistant bacteria surveillance networks in healthcare facilities. Antibiotic use was expressed in defined daily doses per 1000 patient-days. Factors associated with the reduction in carbapenem use (yes/no) over the study period were determined from random-effects logistic regression model (493 wards nested within 259 healthcare facilities): ward characteristics (type, size…), ward antibiotic use (initial antibiotic use [i.e., consumption of a given antibiotic in 2009], initial antibiotic prescribing profile [i.e., proportion of a given antibiotic in the overall antibiotic consumption in 2009] and reduction in the use of a given antibiotic between 2009 and 2013) and regional ESBL-PE incidence rate in acute care settings in 2011. Results Over the study period, carbapenem consumption in ICUs (n = 85), medical (n = 227) and surgical wards (n = 181) was equal to 73.4, 6.2 and 5.4 defined daily doses per 1000 patient-days, respectively. Release of guidelines was followed by a significant decrease in carbapenem use within ICUs and medical wards, and a slowdown in use within surgical wards. The following factors were independently associated with a higher probability of reducing carbapenem use: location in Eastern France, higher initial carbapenem prescribing profile and reductions in consumption of fluoroquinolones, glycopeptides and piperacillin/tazobactam. In parallel, factors independently associated with a lower probability of reducing carbapenem use were ICUs, ward size increase, wards of cancer centres, higher initial third-generation cephalosporin (3GC) prescribing profile and location in high-risk regions for ESBL-PE. Conclusions Our study suggests that a decrease in 3GCs in the overall antibiotic use and the continuation of reduction in fluoroquinolone use, could allow reducing carbapenem use, given the well-demonstrated role of 3GCs and fluoroquinolones in the occurrence of ESBL-PE. Thus, antibiotic stewardship programs should target wards with higher 3GC prescription proportions to reduce them.

Published
2018

28. Aging, Metabolic, and Degenerative Disorders: Biomedical Value of Antioxidants

Author

Lotfi Aleya, Nikhat J. Siddiqi, Nadia I. Zakhary, Simona G. Bungǎu, Mohamed M. Abdel-Daim, Raghvendra A. Bohara, Suez Canal University. Ismailia. Egypt, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Egypt, Laboratoire Chrono-environnement ( LCE ), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté ( UBFC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ), University of Oradea, Romania, D.Y. Patil University , Kolhapur, India, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - CNRS - UBFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), King Saud University [Riyadh] (KSU), Yokohama City University (YCU), and Yokohama City University

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Aging, Article Subject, Degenerative Disorder, MEDLINE, Bioinformatics, Biochemistry, Antioxidants, [ SDE ] Environmental Sciences, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Metabolic Diseases, [ SDV.MHEP ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology, Humans, Medicine, lcsh:QH573-671, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, lcsh:Cytology, business.industry, Neurodegenerative Diseases, Cell Biology, General Medicine, [SDV.SP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Pharmaceutical sciences, 3. Good health, Oxidative Stress, Editorial, 030104 developmental biology, [ SDV.SP ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Pharmaceutical sciences, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, business, Value (mathematics), [SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology, Introductory Journal Article
Abstract

International audience

Published
2018

29. Polymer-enhanced ultrafiltration for heavy metal removal: Influence of chitosan and carboxymethyl cellulose on filtration performances

Author

Sébastien Déon, Patrick Fievet, Boukary Lam, Nadia Morin-Crini, Grégorio Crini, Univers, Transport, Interfaces, Nanostructures, Atmosphère et environnement, Molécules ( UTINAM ), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement ( LCE ), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté ( UBFC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ), Univers, Transport, Interfaces, Nanostructures, Atmosphère et environnement, Molécules (UMR 6213) (UTINAM), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - CNRS - UBFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), and Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)

Subjects
Strategy and Management, Ultrafiltration, 02 engineering and technology, 010501 environmental sciences, 01 natural sciences, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, law.invention, Metal, Chitosan, chemistry.chemical_compound, law, medicine, Organic chemistry, Filtration, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, General Environmental Science, chemistry.chemical_classification, Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment, Chemistry, Polymer, Permeation, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 6. Clean water, Carboxymethyl cellulose, [ CHIM.POLY ] Chemical Sciences/Polymers, [CHIM.POLY]Chemical Sciences/Polymers, Monomer, Chemical engineering, visual_art, visual_art.visual_art_medium, 0210 nano-technology, medicine.drug
Abstract

Reclaiming of wastewaters contaminated by heavy metals has become a major challenge over the last decades. For this reason, nanoporous membrane processes have awaken the interest of industry and local community, and the possible ways to improve their performances has become a priority goal for researchers. Metal removal enhancement by polymer addition is a potential way that is deeply investigated herein on nickel ion rejection with chitosan and carboxymethyl cellulose addition. Due to the vanishing of electrostatic interactions induced by the large amount of salt usually contained in effluents, ion rejection consequently drastically drops. However, it is highlighted that a sufficient addition of polymer (higher than 10 −2 M of monomer unit) can offset this decrease and allow good metal removal, while permeation flux is reduced by increased viscosity. Performances are greatly affected by the pH of the filtered solution whose increase notably improves the metal rejection. Finally, ultrafiltration of an industrial discharge water with and without chitosan enhancement step shows that the rejection increase generated by the polymer addition is very low due to the competing phenomenon between the various species present in the complex mixture.

Published
2018

30. High-temporal resolution landscape changes related to anthropogenic activities over the past millennium in the Vosges Mountains (France)

Author

Anne-Véronique Walter-Simonnet, Carole Bégeot, Frédéric Gimbert, Christophe Cloquet, Anne-Lise Mariet, USC Department of Chrono-Environment, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement ( LCE ), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté ( UBFC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ), Centre de Recherches Pétrographiques et Géochimiques ( CRPG ), Université de Lorraine ( UL ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - CNRS - UBFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Centre de Recherches Pétrographiques et Géochimiques (CRPG), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), French 'Agence de l'Environnement et de la Maitrise de l'Energie' (ADEME), Conseil Regional de Franche-Comte, European program Interreg V Rhin Superieur Regio Mineralia, and Université de Lorraine (UL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Antimony, Peat, Geography, Planning and Development, Forests, History, 18th Century, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, medicine.disease_cause, 01 natural sciences, Vegetation dynamics, Soil Pollutants, Assemblage (archaeology), Trace metal, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, History, 15th Century, Ecology, History, 19th Century, General Medicine, Mines, Grassland, Spectrometry, Gamma, Lead isotopes, Zinc, [ SDE.MCG ] Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, Geography, History, 16th Century, Smelting, Pollen, High temporal resolution, France, Research Article, Conservation of Natural Resources, 010506 paleontology, Iron, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, Mining, Arsenic, History, 17th Century, medicine, Humans, Environmental Chemistry, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Palynology, History, 20th Century, Models, Theoretical, 15. Life on land, [SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, History, Medieval, Lead, Peat bog, Period (geology), Physical geography, Environmental Pollution, [ SDE.ES ] Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society
Abstract

Iron mining activities in the Bruche valley (Vosges Mountains, France) date historically from the Roman period to the mid-nineteenth century. The geochemical and palynological study of a core from the peat bog of Le Champ du Feu allows highlighting impacts of these activities over the past millennium. Trace metal contamination is recorded for lead (Pb), arsenic, zinc, and antimony during the Middle Ages, the sixteenth century, and from cal. ad 1750–1900, with several sources distinguished by Pb isotope analyses. Forest exploitation is attested by the palynological analysis of the core, with exploitation of Fagus for smelting processes and cutting of Abies for agro-pastoralism. This approach highlights several patterns of contamination, corresponding to the mixing sources and the contamination intensity, which can be linked to the pollen assemblage zones. Hence, anthropogenic activities such as mining and farming led to long-term modification of the landscape composition in this mountainous area. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (10.1007/s13280-018-1044-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Published
2018

31. mcr-1- like detection in commensal Escherichia coli and Salmonella spp. from food-producing animals at slaughter in Europe

Author

Anno de Jong, Farid El Garch, Marlène Sauget, Xavier Bertrand, Didier Hocquet, Vétoquinol, Laboratoire Chrono-environnement ( LCE ), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté ( UBFC ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Agents pathogènes et inflammation - UFC (EA 4266) ( API ), Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Besançon] ( CHRU Besançon ), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - CNRS - UBFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Besançon (CHRU Besançon), Hôpital Jean Minjoz, Centre national de recherche scientifique ( CNRS ), and Université de Lille, Sciences Humaines et Sociales

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Salmonella, Veterinary medicine, Food-producing animals, medicine.drug_class, Swine, 030106 microbiology, Antibiotics, Biology, [ SDV.MP.BAC ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Bacteriology, medicine.disease_cause, Microbiology, Agar dilution, 03 medical and health sciences, Bacterial Proteins, [ SDV.MP ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology, Drug Resistance, Bacterial, medicine, Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, Escherichia coli, Animals, Typing, Escherichia coli Infections, 2. Zero hunger, Salmonella Infections, Animal, General Veterinary, Colistin, Escherichia coli Proteins, General Medicine, [SDV.MP.BAC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Bacteriology, 3. Good health, Anti-Bacterial Agents, Bacterial Typing Techniques, Electrophoresis, Gel, Pulsed-Field, Europe, Salmonella spp, MCR-1, Cattle, Chickens, Abattoirs, hormones, hormone substitutes, and hormone antagonists, medicine.drug, Multilocus Sequence Typing
Abstract

International audience; We evaluate here the presence of the mcr-1-like and mcr-2 genes in Escherichia coli and Salmonella spp. isolated from healthy food-producing animals at slaughter between 2002 and 2014 in Europe. Isolates were retrieved from cattle, pig and chicken from 11 European countries of production. The susceptibility to colistin and antibiotics used in human medicine was determined by agar dilution. Colistin-resistant isolates were PCR-screened for mcr genes. mcr-positive isolates were typed by Pulsed-Field Gel Electrophoresis (PFGE) and Multi-Locus Sequence Typing. Among the 10,206 E. coli and 1774 Salmonella spp. isolated from cattle, pigs and chickens, 148 E. coli and 92 Salmonella spp. isolates were resistant to colistin. We found mcr-1-like gene in 68 (0.7%) E. coli and 2 (0.1%) Salmonella isolates whereas none of the isolates tested positive for mcr-2. MCR-1-like-positive E. coli were isolated from 2008 to 2014 in chicken (n=44, 1.2%) and pigs (n=24, 0.7%). The presence of mcr-1-like varied from 0 to 4.0% depending on the year and the animal species. mcr-1-like-positive isolates came from animals originating from Germany (n=38), Spain (n=23), The Netherlands (n=5), and France (n=4). They were distributed in 63 different PFGE types and 37 different STs, with ST10 being the most prevalent. The two mcr-1-like-positive Salmonella spp. were isolated from France and Germany from a pig and a chicken, respectively. mcr-1-like gene is present in food-producing animals at slaughter in European countries with the highest occurrence in chickens. The high clonal diversity of E. coli underlines the evidence for horizontal transfer of mcr-1-like genes.

Published
2018

32. Impact of baseline plasma HIV-1 RNA and time to virological suppression on virological rebound according to first-line antiretroviral regimen

Author

Clotilde Allavena, Jacques Reynes, Pierre Delobel, Isabelle Poizot-Martin, Tristan Ferry, Pascal Pugliese, Bruno Hoen, Isabelle Ravaux, Marine Morrier, L. Khatchatourian, Firouzé Bani-Sadr, Amandine Gagneux-Brunon, Olivier Robineau, Matthieu Hanf, Véronique Joly, Christine Katlama, Catherine Chirouze, André Cabié, Thierry May, Christine Jacomet, François Raffi, David Rey, Claudine Duvivier, Service des maladies infectieuses et tropicales [CHU Nantes], Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes), Centre d’Investigation Clinique de Nantes (CIC Nantes), Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes), Biostatistique, Biomathématique, Pharmacoépidémiologie et Maladies Infectieuses (B2PHI), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Service de Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales [Hôpital de la Croix-Rousse - HCL], Hôpital de la Croix-Rousse [CHU - HCL], Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Services de Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales [CHU Bichat], AP-HP - Hôpital Bichat - Claude Bernard [Paris], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Infection, Anti-microbiens, Modélisation, Evolution (IAME (UMR_S_1137 / U1137)), Université Paris 13 (UP13)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Service de Maladies Infectieuses [Nice], CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique (iPLESP), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Services des maladies infectieuses [Tourcoing], Centre Hospitalier de Tourcoing, Laboratoire Chrono-environnement (UMR 6249) (LCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Service des maladies infectieuses [Clermont-Ferrand], CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Service Maladies infectieuses et tropicales [CHU Toulouse], Pôle Inflammation, infection, immunologie et loco-moteur [CHU Toulouse] (Pôle I3LM Toulouse), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse)-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse), Centre de Physiopathologie Toulouse Purpan (CPTP), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Service d'immuno-hématologie clinique (CISIH), Hôpital Sainte-Marguerite [CHU - APHM] (Hôpitaux Sud ), Sciences Economiques et Sociales de la Santé & Traitement de l'Information Médicale (SESSTIM - U912 INSERM - Aix Marseille Univ - IRD), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Service des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales [Hôpital de la Conception] (SMIT), Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Hôpital de la Conception [CHU - APHM] (LA CONCEPTION), Centre d'infectiologie Necker-Pasteur [CHU Necker], Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Infection à VIH, réservoirs, diversité génétique et résistance aux antirétroviraux (ARV) (EA 7327), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5), Service des maladies infectieuses [Saint-Etienne], Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Saint-Etienne [CHU Saint-Etienne] (CHU ST-E), Le Trait d'Union, centre de soins de l'infection par le VIH [CHU Strasbourg], CHU Strasbourg, Recherches Translationnelles sur le VIH et les maladies infectieuses endémiques et émergentes (TransVIHMI), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université de Yaoundé I-Université Cheikh Anta Diop [Dakar, Sénégal] (UCAD)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Service des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales [CHRU Nancy], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nancy (CHRU Nancy), Unité des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Reims (CHU Reims), Service des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales [Point-à-Pitre], CHU Pointe-à-Pitre/Abymes [Guadeloupe], Centre d'Investigation Clinique Antilles-Guyane (CIC - Antilles Guyane), Université des Antilles et de la Guyane (UAG)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pointe-à-Pitre/Abymes [Guadeloupe] -CHU de Fort de France-Centre Hospitalier Andrée Rosemon [Cayenne, Guyane Française], Service des maladies infectieuses [La Roche sur Yon], Centre hospitalier universitaire de Tlemcen (Algérie) (CHU de Tlemcen), Service de Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales [Fort-de-France, Martinique], CHU de la Martinique [Fort de France]-Hôpital Pierre Zobda-Quitman [CHU de la Martinique], CHU de la Martinique [Fort de France]-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Martinique [Fort-de-France, Martinique], Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes ( CHU Nantes ), Centre d’Investigation Clinique de Nantes ( CIC Nantes ), Université de Nantes ( UN ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes ( CHU Nantes ), Biostatistique, Biomathématique, Pharmacoépidémiologie et Maladies Infectieuses ( B2PHI ), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines ( UVSQ ) -Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Hospices Civils de Lyon ( HCL ) -Hospices Civils de Lyon ( HCL ), Infection, Antimicrobiens, Modélisation, Evolution ( IAME ), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ) -Université Paris 13 ( UP13 ) -Université Sorbonne Paris Cité ( USPC ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Service des maladies infectieuses et tropicales [CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [APHP], Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique ( iPLESP ), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement ( LCE ), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté ( UBFC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ), Service des maladies infectieuses et tropicales[Toulouse], Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse 3 ( UPS ) -CHU Toulouse [Toulouse]-Hôpital Purpan [Toulouse], Centre de physiopathologie de Toulouse Purpan ( CPTP ), Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse 3 ( UPS ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Hôpital Sainte-Marguerite [CHU - APHM] ( Hôpitaux Sud ), Sciences Economiques et Sociales de la Santé & Traitement de l'Information Médicale ( SESSTIM ), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement ( IRD ) -Aix Marseille Université ( AMU ) -ORS PACA-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Service des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales [Hôpital de la Conception] ( SMIT ), Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille ( APHM ) -Hôpital de la Conception [CHU - APHM] ( LA CONCEPTION ), Centre d'infectiologie Necker-Pasteur, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)-CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Infection à VIH, réservoirs, diversité génétique et résistance aux antirétroviraux (ARV) ( EA 7327 ), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ), CHU Saint-Etienne, Recherches Translationnelles sur le VIH et les maladies infectieuses ( TransVIHMI ), Université Montpellier 1 ( UM1 ) -Université Cheikh Anta Diop ( UCAD ) -Universtié Yaoundé 1 (Cameroun)-Université de Montpellier ( UM ), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nancy ( CHRU Nancy ), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Reims ( CHU Reims ), Centre d'Investigation Clinique Antilles-Guyane ( CIC - Antilles Guyane ), Université des Antilles et de la Guyane ( UAG ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -CHU Pointe-à-Pitre/Abymes [Guadeloupe] -CHU de Fort de France-Centre Hospitalier Andrée Rosemon [Cayenne, Guyane Française], Centre hospitalier universitaire de Tlemcen (Algérie) ( CHU de Tlemcen ), CHU de la Martinique-Hôpital Pierre Zobda-Quitman [CHU de la Martinique], CHU de la Martinique-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Martinique [Fort-de-France, Martinique], Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris 13 (UP13)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - CNRS - UBFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Service des maladies infectieuses et tropicales [Toulouse], Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-CHU Toulouse [Toulouse]-Hôpital Purpan [Toulouse], CHU Toulouse [Toulouse], Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Institut Pasteur [Paris], Recherches Translationnelles sur le VIH et les maladies infectieuses endémiques er émergentes (TransVIHMI), Université Cheikh Anta Diop [Dakar, Sénégal] (UCAD)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université de Yaoundé I-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université Montpellier 1 (UM1), CHU de Fort de France-Centre Hospitalier Andrée Rosemon [Cayenne, Guyane Française]-CHU Pointe-à-Pitre/Abymes [Guadeloupe] -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université des Antilles et de la Guyane (UAG), Centre d'Investigation Clinique Antilles Guyane, Inserm CIC1424, Service de Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales [CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière], Institut Pasteur [Paris]-CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Les Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg (HUS), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), Maladies infectieuses et tropicales dans la Caraïbe (MAITC EA 4537), and CHU Pointe-à-Pitre/Abymes [Guadeloupe] -CHU de la Martinique [Fort de France]-Université des Antilles (UA)

Subjects
Male, 0301 basic medicine, Time Factors, Sustained Virologic Response, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], medicine.medical_treatment, Integrase inhibitor, HIV Infections, Plasma, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0302 clinical medicine, Recurrence, immune system diseases, Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active, Medicine, Pharmacology (medical), Prospective Studies, 030212 general & internal medicine, Prospective cohort study, Aged, 80 and over, virus diseases, [ SDV.SPEE ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Middle Aged, Viral Load, 3. Good health, Infectious Diseases, RNA, Viral, Female, Viral load, Adult, Microbiology (medical), Efavirenz, Adolescent, Anti-HIV Agents, 030106 microbiology, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, Humans, Protease inhibitor (pharmacology), Aged, Pharmacology, Protease, business.industry, Virology, Reverse transcriptase, Regimen, chemistry, [SDV.SPEE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, HIV-1, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, business, Follow-Up Studies
Abstract

Objectives: We investigated the risk of virological rebound in HIV-1-infected patients achieving virological suppression on first-line combined ART (cART) according to baseline HIV-1 RNA, time to virological suppression and type of regimen. Patients and methods: Subjects were 10836 adults who initiated first-line cART (two nucleoside or nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors!efavirenz, a ritonavir-boosted protease inhibitor or an integrase inhibitor) from 1 January 2007 to 31 December 2014. Cox proportional hazards models with multiple adjustment and propensity score matching were used to investigate the effect of baseline HIV-1 RNA and time to virological suppression on the occurrence of virological rebound. Results: During 411436 patient-months of follow-up, risk of virological rebound was higher in patients with baseline HIV-1 RNA 100000 copies/mL versus ,100000 copies/mL, in those achieving virological suppression in.6months versus ,6months, and lower with efavirenz or integrase inhibitors than with ritonavir-boosted protease inhibitors. Baseline HIV-1 RNA .100000 copies/mL was associated with virological rebound for ritonavir-boosted protease inhibitors but not for efavirenz or integrase inhibitors. Time to virological suppression .6months was strongly associated with virological rebound for all regimens. Conclusions: In HIV-1-infected patients starting cART, risk of virological rebound was lower with efavirenz or integrase inhibitors than with ritonavir-boosted protease inhibitors. These data, from a very large observational cohort, in addition to the more rapid initial virological suppression obtained with integrase inhibitors, reinforce the positioning of this class as the preferred one for first-line therapy.

Published
2017

33. Impacts of tropospheric ozone exposure on peatland microbial consumers

Author

Vincent E. J. Jassey, Daniel Gilbert, Sylvia Toet, Mike Ashmore, Richard J. Payne, Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - CNRS - UBFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Manchester Metropolitan University (MMU), Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement (ECOLAB), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement ( LCE ), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté ( UBFC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ), Manchester Metropolitan University ( MMU ), Laboratoire d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle, UMR 5245 (CNRS-UPS-INPT), Université P. Sabatier Toulouse III, and Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse 3 ( UPS )

Subjects
Pollution, Peat, Ozone, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, media_common.quotation_subject, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, Air pollution, Soil Science, medicine.disease_cause, 01 natural sciences, Microbiology, [ SDE ] Environmental Sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, Mire, medicine, Tropospheric ozone, Testate amoebae, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, media_common, Ecology, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, 15. Life on land, [ SDE.MCG ] Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, chemistry, 13. Climate action, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, 040103 agronomy & agriculture, 0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries, Environmental science, Terrestrial ecosystem
Abstract

Tropospheric ozone pollution is recognised as an important threat to terrestrial ecosystems but impacts on peatlands are little understood despite the importance of peat as a global carbon store. Here we investigate the impacts of three levels of elevated exposure to tropospheric ozone on peatland microbial communities with a particular focus on testate amoebae, the dominant microbial consumers. We found that in the intermediate (ambient + 25 ppb O3) and high treatments (ambient +35 ppb summer, +10 ppb year round) there were significant changes in testate amoeba communities, typified by an increase in abundance of Phyrganella spp. and loss of diversity. Phyrganella is often suggested to feed on fungi so the community change identified in our experiment might suggest that the testate amoeba response is at least partially mediated by interactions with other microbial groups. We do not find evidence for changes in numbers of undifferentiated microalgae, nematodes or rotifers but do find weak evidence for an increase in flagellates and ciliates. Our results provide the first direct data to show the impact of ozone on microbial consumers in peatlands.

Published
2017

34. Blood parameters as biomarkers of cadmium and lead exposure and effects in wild wood mice (Apodemus sylvaticus) living along a pollution gradient

Author

Eve Afonso, Ghada Bouguerra, Renaud Scheifler, Nicolas Tête, Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - CNRS - UBFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Maison des Sciences de l'Homme et de l'Environnement Claude Nicolas Ledoux (MSHE), Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), The Conseil Régional de Franche-Comté and the ADEME (Agence De l’Environnement et de la Maîtrise de l’Energie), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement ( LCE ), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté ( UBFC ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Maison des Sciences de l'Homme et de l'Environnement Claude Nicolas Ledoux ( MSHE ), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC )

Subjects
risk to wildlife, Male, Aging, Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, [ SDV.TOX.ECO ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Toxicology/Ecotoxicology, Physiology, Hematocrit, Kidney, Toxicology, Mice, Soil Pollutants, Tissue Distribution, Trace metal, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Cadmium, Hematology, medicine.diagnostic_test, hematology, General Medicine, trace metal, Pollution, Zinc, Liver, Apodemus, Female, [SDV.TOX.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Toxicology/Ecotoxicology, France, nonlethal approach, Environmental Monitoring, medicine.medical_specialty, Environmental Engineering, Anemia, chemistry.chemical_element, Biology, Sex Factors, Internal medicine, medicine, Animals, Environmental Chemistry, Ecotoxicology, persistent pollution, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Oxygen transport, General Chemistry, biology.organism_classification, medicine.disease, Trace Elements, Lead, chemistry, 13. Climate action, Murinae, Biomarkers
Abstract

International audience; Small mammal populations living on contaminated sites are exposed to various chemicals. Lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd), two well-known nonessential trace metals, accumulate in different organs and are known to cause multiple adverse effects. To develop nonlethal markers in ecotoxicology, the present work aimed to study the relationships between blood parameters (hematocrit, leukocyte levels and granulated erythrocyte levels) and Cd and Pb concentrations in the soil and in the liver and kidneys of wood mice (Apodemus sylvaticus). Individuals were trapped along a pollution gradient with high levels of Cd, Pb and zinc (Zn) contamination. The results indicated that hematological parameters were independent of individual characteristics (age and gender). Blood parameters varied along the pollution gradient, following a pattern similar to the accumulation of Cd in the organs of the wood mice. No relationship was found between the blood parameters studied and Pb concentrations in the organs or in the environment. The hematocrit and leukocyte number decreased with increasing concentrations of Cd in the kidneys and/or in the liver. Moreover, the hematocrit was lower in the animals that were above the thresholds (LOAELs) for Cd concentrations in the liver. These responses were interpreted as a warning of potential negative effects of Cd exposure on the oxygen transport capacity of the blood (e.g., anemia). The present results suggest that blood parameters, notably hematocrit, may offer a minimally invasive biomarker for the evaluation of Cd exposure in further ecotoxicological studies.

Published
2015

35. Influenza prevention in nursing homes: Great significance of seasonal variability and spatio-temporal pattern

Author

Françoise Stoll-Keller, Sabrina Larocca, Anne Mosnier, Xavier Bertrand, Philippe Gaspard, C. Roth, University of Saskatchewan [Saskatoon] ( U of S ), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement ( LCE ), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté ( UBFC ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Besançon] ( CHRU Besançon ), University of Saskatchewan [Saskatoon] (U of S), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - CNRS - UBFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), and Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Besançon (CHRU Besançon)

Subjects
Male, Gerontology, MESH : Aged, Disease Outbreaks, MESH: Aged, 80 and over, 0302 clinical medicine, [ SDV.MP ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology, Health care, MESH : Population Surveillance, Homes for the Aged, Medicine, MESH : Female, MESH : Influenza, Human, 030212 general & internal medicine, MESH: Disease Outbreaks, Aged, 80 and over, MESH: Aged, 0303 health sciences, Respiratory tract infections, MESH: Influenza, Human, General Medicine, 3. Good health, [SDV.MP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology, Population Surveillance, Female, Seasons, MESH : Male, Gerontological nursing, Influenza epidemics, MESH: Population Surveillance, 03 medical and health sciences, Environmental health, Influenza, Human, Influenza prevention, Humans, MESH : Disease Outbreaks, MESH: Homes for the Aged, MESH : Aged, 80 and over, Aged, MESH : Homes for the Aged, MESH: Humans, MESH : Seasons, 030306 microbiology, business.industry, MESH : Humans, Outbreak, MESH: Male, Nursing Homes, MESH: Nursing Homes, Clinical case, business, Nursing homes, MESH: Seasons, MESH: Female, human activities, MESH : Nursing Homes
Abstract

Summary Objective This work evaluated seasonal variations and spatio-temporal pattern of respiratory tract infections (RTI) in geriatric nursing homes in order to improve effective surveillance, prevention, control and management of RTI. Methods Prospective surveillance of RTI (Low Respiratory Tract infections and Influenza Like Illnesses) was conducted in 11 sites in Alsace over a 10-year period with clinical case definitions and rapid tests (Immunoassay) to identify influenza virus. Results Influenza national epidemic was a period at high risk of RTI in nursing homes with variable impacts depending on the seasonal period. 2004–2005, 2008–2009, 2011–2012 and 2012–2013 were the periods with the highest impacts. The higher risk was not well understood during these four influenza epidemics and outbreaks occurred in numerous nursing homes despite the alerts and surveillance. Conclusion Information about seasonal variability and spatio-temporal patterns of the RTI during the national epidemic periods is essential for the nursing homes in order to help the health care workers and the visitors to understand the risk for the residents and then to improve the implementation of the control and prevention measures.

Published
2015

36. Threat of alveolar echinococcosis to public health – a challenge for Europe

Author

Dominique A. Vuitton, Bruno Gottstein, Marija Stojkovic, Peter Deplazes, Laurence Millon, Audrone Marcinkute, Institute of Parasitology, University of Bern, Integrated Microsystems Austria [Wiener Neustadt] (IMA), Integrated Microsystems Austria, WHO Collaborating Center on Prevention and Treatment of Human Echinococcosis, Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - CNRS - UBFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Universität Zürich [Zürich] = University of Zurich (UZH), Integrated Microsystems Austria [Wiener Neustadt] ( IMA ), Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement ( LCE ), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté ( UBFC ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), University of Zürich [Zürich] ( UZH ), University of Zurich, and Gottstein, Bruno

Subjects
10078 Institute of Parasitology, Echinococcosis, Hepatic, [ SDV.MP.PAR ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Parasitology, medicine.medical_specialty, 2405 Parasitology, Foxes, 610 Medicine & health, Alveolar echinococcosis, Echinococcus multilocularis, Echinococcosis, 600 Technology, Prevalence, Animals, Humans, Medicine, [SDV.MP.PAR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Parasitology, biology, business.industry, Public health, Zoonosis, Endemic area, 2725 Infectious Diseases, medicine.disease, biology.organism_classification, 3. Good health, Europe, Infectious Diseases, Curative treatment, Parasitic disease, Immunology, 570 Life sciences, Parasitology, business
Abstract

International audience; Alveolar echinococcosis (AE) is a neglected 'malignant' parasitic disease. The European endemic area of Echinococcus multilocularis in foxes is larger than previously anticipated, and there is new evidence that both fox populations and the prevalence of E. multilocularis have increased in many areas, indicating increased pressure for infection with E. multilocularis eggs in intermediate and accidental hosts, including humans. This may result in more human AE cases within the next decades. Current numbers of both immunocompetent and immunocompromised AE patients, and the anticipated future increase, call for scaling-up research to rapidly improve the development and implementation of prevention measures, early diagnosis, and curative treatment of human AE.

Published
2015

37. Comparative risk of failure of ABC/3TC or TDF/FTC based first-line regimens in patients with a high viral load

Author

Flandre , P., Pugliese , P., Allavena , C., Katlama , C., Cotte , L., Cheret , A., Cabié , A., Rey , D., Chirouze , C., Bani-Sadr , F., Cuzin , L., Grp , Dat'AIDS Study, Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique ( iPLESP ), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Service d'infectiologie [CHU Nice], CHU Nice, Service des maladies infectieuses et tropicales [CHU Nantes], Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes ( CHU Nantes ), Service des maladies infectieuses et tropicales [CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [APHP], Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud [CHU - HCL] ( CHLS ), Hospices Civils de Lyon ( HCL ), Centre d'Investigation Clinique Antilles-Guyane ( CIC - Antilles Guyane ), Université des Antilles et de la Guyane ( UAG ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -CHU Pointe-à-Pitre/Abymes [Guadeloupe] -CHU de Fort de France-Centre Hospitalier Andrée Rosemon [Cayenne, Guyane Française], Les Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg (HUS), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement ( LCE ), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté ( UBFC ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Service des maladies infectieuses et tropicales, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Besançon] ( CHRU Besançon ) -Hôpital Saint-Jacques, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Reims ( CHU de Reims ), Epidémiologie et analyses en santé publique : risques, maladies chroniques et handicaps [Toulouse], Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse 3 ( UPS ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique (iPLESP), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice (CHU Nice), Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud [CHU - HCL] (CHLS), Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Centre d'Investigation Clinique Antilles-Guyane (CIC - Antilles Guyane), Université des Antilles et de la Guyane (UAG)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pointe-à-Pitre/Abymes [Guadeloupe] -CHU de Fort de France-Centre Hospitalier Andrée Rosemon [Cayenne, Guyane Française], Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - CNRS - UFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Besançon] (CHRU Besançon)-Hôpital Saint-Jacques, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Reims (CHU Reims), Epidémiologie et analyses en santé publique : risques, maladies chroniques et handicaps (LEASP), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Infectious Diseases Department, Université Montpellier 1 (UM1), Service de Maladies Infectieuses [Nice], Service de maladies infectieuses et tropicales [Nantes], Université de Nantes (UN)-Hôtel-Dieu-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes), CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de La Réunion (CHU La Réunion), Laboratoire de Virologie [CHU Necker], CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit, Fort-de-France University Hospital, CHU de Fort de France-Centre Hospitalier Andrée Rosemon [Cayenne, Guyane Française]-CHU Pointe-à-Pitre/Abymes [Guadeloupe] -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université des Antilles et de la Guyane (UAG), Le Trait d'Union, centre de soins de l'infection par le VIH [CHU Strasbourg], CHU Strasbourg, Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - CNRS - UBFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Besançon (CHRU Besançon)-Hôpital Saint-Jacques, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Besançon (CHRU Besançon), Université Montpellier 1 ( UM1 ), Université de Nantes ( UN ) -Hôtel-Dieu-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes ( CHU Nantes ), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de La Réunion ( CHU La Réunion ), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)-CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], CHU de Fort de France-Centre Hospitalier Andrée Rosemon [Cayenne, Guyane Française]-CHU Pointe-à-Pitre/Abymes [Guadeloupe] -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Université des Antilles et de la Guyane ( UAG ), School of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering University of Oklahoma, Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - UFC (UMR 6249) ( LCE ), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] ( UBFC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Besançon] ( CHRU Besançon ), Épidémiologie et analyses en santé publique : risques, maladies chroniques et handicaps, Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier ( UPS ), and Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM )

Subjects
Male, 0301 basic medicine, [ SDV.MHEP.PSM ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Psychiatrics and mental health, [SHS.PSY]Humanities and Social Sciences/Psychology, HIV Infections, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0302 clinical medicine, [ SDV.MP ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology, Abacavir, Emtricitabine, [ SHS.ECO ] Humanities and Social Sciences/Economies and finances, Pharmacology (medical), Prospective Studies, Treatment Failure, 030212 general & internal medicine, Health Policy, Lamivudine, [ SDV.SPEE ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Viral Load, [SHS.ECO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Economics and Finance, 3. Good health, [SDV.MP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology, Infectious Diseases, Drug Therapy, Combination, Female, France, Viral load, medicine.drug, medicine.medical_specialty, Efavirenz, Risk Assessment, [ SHS.PSY ] Humanities and Social Sciences/Psychology, 03 medical and health sciences, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, Propensity Score, Tenofovir, Darunavir, business.industry, 030112 virology, Dideoxynucleosides, Atazanavir, Regimen, chemistry, [SDV.MHEP.PSM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Psychiatrics and mental health, Quality of Life, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, business
Abstract

International audience; ObjectivesTo compare the efficacy, in current clinical practice, of ă first regimens containing abacavir with lamivudine (ABC/3TC) or ă tenofovir with emtricitabine (TDF/FTC) in patients with baseline viral ă load 100000 HIV-1 RNA copies/mL. ă MethodsUsing a prospective cohort, we selected all patients starting a ă first HIV regimen based either on ABC/3TC or on TDF/FTC. The propensity ă score (PS) method was used to limit the indication bias due to the ă observational nature of the data. Adjusting and weighting methods via PS ă were used to compare the effectiveness of a first regimen containing ă ABC/3TC or TDF/FTC. The primary outcome was treatment failure by month ă 12 (M12). ă ResultsOverall, 2781 patients started an antiretroviral (ARV) regimen ă with ABC/3TC or TDF/FTC each in combination with efavirenz, boosted ă atazanavir or boosted darunavir. Among the 2472 uncensored patients ă before M12, 962 (39%) had a baseline viral load 100000 copies/mL of ă whom 294 were in treatment failure at or before M12. Our analyses showed ă no difference between ABC/3TC and TDF/FTC in the risk of treatment ă failure at M12 in patients starting an ARV regimen with a high viral ă load (100000 copies/mL). ă ConclusionsUsing a large prospectively collected cohort of patients ă seeking care in France, we found no evidence that ABC/3TC based regimens ă led to more failures than TDF/FTC based ones in patients with high ă baseline viral loads.

Published
2015

38. Sharp Decrease of Reported Occupational Blood and Body Fluid Exposures in French Hospitals, 2003–2012: Results of the French National Network Survey, AES-RAISIN

Author

G. Pelissier, Elisabeth Bouvet, D. Abiteboul, P. Parneix, F. L’Hériteau, C. Bervas, Christian Rabaud, O. Ali-Brandmeyer, N. Floret, S. Barquins-Guichard, Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - CNRS - UBFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Réseau d’alerte, d’investigation et de surveillance des infections nosocomiales (ISO-RAISIN), DCNS Group [Nantes] (DCNS-Research), DCNS group, Service des maladies infectieuses et tropicales, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-AP-HP - Hôpital Bichat - Claude Bernard [Paris], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), UF de Biostatistiques, Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Service des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales [CHRU Nancy], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nancy (CHRU Nancy), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement ( LCE ), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté ( UBFC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ), Réseau d’alerte, d’investigation et de surveillance des infections nosocomiales ( ISO-RAISIN ), DCNS Group [Nantes] ( DCNS-Research ), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)-AP-HP - Hôpital Bichat - Claude Bernard [Paris]-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nancy ( CHRU Nancy ), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - UFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), and Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-AP-HP - Hôpital Bichat - Claude Bernard [Paris]-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)

Subjects
Microbiology (medical), Pediatrics, medicine.medical_specialty, Epidemiology, Health-care workers, Nursing Staff, Hospital, Nursing Assistants, [ SDV.MP ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology, Occupational Exposure, Medical Staff, Hospital, medicine, Humans, Needlestick Injuries, Occupational Health, Body fluid, Injuries, business.industry, Incidence, Protective Devices, Syringes, Equipment Design, Glove use, Hospitals, 3. Good health, Personnel, Hospital, Blood, [SDV.MP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology, Infectious Diseases, Personnel safety, Cohort, France, Guideline Adherence, Safety, Gloves, Protective, business
Abstract

OBJECTIVETo assess the temporal trend of reported occupational blood and body fluid exposures (BBFE) in French healthcare facilities.METHODRetrospective follow-up of reported BBFE in French healthcare facilities on a voluntary basis from 2003 to 2012 with a focus on those enrolled every year from 2008 to 2012 (stable cohort 2008–12).FINDINGSReported BBFE incidence rate per 100 beds decreased from 7.5% in 2003 to 6.3% in 2012 (minus 16%). Percutaneous injuries were the most frequent reported BBFE (84.0% in 2003 and 79.1% in 2012). Compliance with glove use (59.1% in 2003 to 67.0% in 2012) and sharps-disposal container accessibility (68.1% in 2003 to 73.4% in 2012) have both increased. A significant drop in preventable BBFE was observed (48.3% in 2003 to 30.9% in 2012). Finally, the use of safety-engineered devices increased from 2008 to 2012.CONCLUSIONOf the 415,209 hospital beds in France, 26,158 BBFE could have occurred in France in 2012, compared with 35,364 BBFE in 2003. Healthcare personnel safety has been sharply improved during the past 10 years in France.Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol. 2015;36(8):963–968

Published
2015

39. Outcomes associated with routine systemic antifungal therapy in critically ill patients with Candida colonization

Author

T. Henon, Frédéric Grenouillet, Sebastien Pili-Floury, Mariette Mercier, Alain Dussaucy, Gilles Blasco, Laurence Millon, David Ferreira, Emmanuel Samain, Laboratoire Chrono-environnement ( LCE ), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté ( UBFC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Besançon] ( CHRU Besançon ), Hôpital Jean Minjoz, ECARES, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Service d'anesthésie et soins intensifs, Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - CNRS - UBFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Besançon (CHRU Besançon), European Center for Advanced Research in Economics and Statistics (ECARES), Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), and Service d'anesthésie et soins intensifs [CHRU Besançon]

Subjects
Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Antifungal Agents, Critical Illness, Antifungal drug, Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine, [ SDV.EE.SANT ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Health, chemistry.chemical_compound, Internal medicine, Prevalence, Humans, Medicine, Colonization, Candida albicans, Fluconazole, Critical Care Outcomes, Aged, Candida, Retrospective Studies, [SDV.EE.SANT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Health, Cross Infection, biology, business.industry, Incidence, Incidence (epidemiology), Candidiasis, Retrospective cohort study, Middle Aged, biology.organism_classification, Drug Utilization, digestive system diseases, Corpus albicans, 3. Good health, Surgery, Intensive Care Units, Treatment Outcome, chemistry, Female, Caspofungin, business, medicine.drug
Abstract

International audience; To assess the evolution of patient deep colonization by Candida spp. in a surgical ICU over an 8-year period. This retrospective, observational study included all patients hospitalized for more than 2 days in a surgical and trauma ICU of a university hospital, from 2005 to 2012. Mycological samples were monitored weekly from five sites (oropharyngeal, rectal, gastric, tracheal and urinary). Preemptive fluconazole therapy was started in patients highly colonized with Candida albicans. The evolution in Candida spp. involved in the deep colonization sites distribution over the study period (main outcome measure, trend chi-square and time-series analysis), antifungal consumption, ICU-acquired candidemia and mortality were determined. Among the 3029 patients with ICU stay >48 h, 2651 had at least one set of mycological sampling. Thirty percent of the 31,171 samples were positive to Candida spp. Caspofungin consumption increased over the years, whereas fluconazole consumption decreased. No trend in C. albicans colonization was observed, after adjusting on colonization risk-factors. A significant increase of acquired C. glabrata colonization was observed, whereas the clearing of C. parapsilosis colonization significantly decreased. No significant shift of colonization to other Candida spp. and mortality was observed. Preemptive strategy of antifungal drug prescriptions in highly colonized ICU patients induced an increase in C. glabrata colonization without significant shift of colonization to other Candida spp. in surgical ICU patients. However, the potential detrimental impact of fluconazole on Candida ecology in ICU and/or on Candida susceptibility to antifungal drugs should be considered, and deserves further studies.

Published
2015

40. Serial use of pentamidine and miltefosine for treating Leishmania infantum-HIV coinfection

Author

Bruno Hoen, Catherine Chirouze, Jean-François Faucher, Jacques Reynes, Vincent Le Moing, David Morquin, Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Montpellier (CHU Montpellier ), Département Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, Hôpital Universitaire, Montpellier, France, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - CNRS - UBFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Service des maladies infectieuses et tropicales, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Besançon (CHRU Besançon)-Hôpital Saint-Jacques, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Besançon (CHRU Besançon), Centre d'Investigation Clinique Antilles-Guyane (CIC - Antilles Guyane), Université des Antilles et de la Guyane (UAG)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pointe-à-Pitre/Abymes [Guadeloupe] -CHU de Fort de France-Centre Hospitalier Andrée Rosemon [Cayenne, Guyane Française], Recherches Translationnelles sur le VIH et les maladies infectieuses endémiques er émergentes (TransVIHMI), Université Cheikh Anta Diop [Dakar, Sénégal] (UCAD)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université de Yaoundé I-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université Montpellier 1 (UM1), Université de Picardie Jules Verne ( UPJV ), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Montpellier ( CHU Montpellier ), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] ( CHRU Montpellier ), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement ( LCE ), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté ( UBFC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Besançon] ( CHRU Besançon ) -Hôpital Saint-Jacques, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Besançon] ( CHRU Besançon ), Centre d'Investigation Clinique Antilles-Guyane ( CIC - Antilles Guyane ), Université des Antilles et de la Guyane ( UAG ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -CHU Pointe-à-Pitre/Abymes [Guadeloupe] -CHU de Fort de France-Centre Hospitalier Andrée Rosemon [Cayenne, Guyane Française], Recherches Translationnelles sur le VIH et les maladies infectieuses ( TransVIHMI ), and Université Montpellier 1 ( UM1 ) -Université Cheikh Anta Diop ( UCAD ) -Universtié Yaoundé 1 (Cameroun)-Université de Montpellier ( UM )

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, MESH : Leishmania infantum, HIV Infections, MESH : Phosphorylcholine, 0302 clinical medicine, MESH: Immunocompromised Host, Medicine, Leishmania infantum, Visceral leishmaniasis, biology, Coinfection, MESH : Immunocompromised Host, MESH: HIV Infections, MESH : Leishmaniasis, Visceral, MESH: Leishmania infantum, 3. Good health, Infectious Diseases, MESH: Phosphorylcholine, Toxicity, MESH: Pentamidine, Leishmaniasis, Visceral, MESH : Pentamidine, Liposomal amphotericin, medicine.drug, Phosphorylcholine, 030231 tropical medicine, 030106 microbiology, Antiprotozoal Agents, Liposomal amphotericin B, Immunocompromised Host, Aids, 03 medical and health sciences, Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), [ SDV.MHEP ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology, parasitic diseases, MESH : HIV Infections, Humans, MESH: Antiprotozoal Agents, Pentamidine, MESH : Antiprotozoal Agents, HIV Coinfection, Miltefosine, MESH: Humans, business.industry, MESH : Humans, biology.organism_classification, medicine.disease, Virology, MESH: Coinfection, MESH : Coinfection, MESH: Leishmaniasis, Visceral, Immunology, Parasitology, business, [SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology
Abstract

International audience; Liposomal amphotericin B (LAmb) may fail to heal Leishmania infantum visceral leishmaniasis (VL) in the immunodeficient host. There are currently no guidelines on how to treat such patients and efficacy of miltefosine monotherapy seems limited in this indication. We present 2 cases of patients with VL and AIDS for which LAmb had to be interrupted (one because of toxicity, one because of treatment failure) and who were treated effectively with pentamidine followed by miltefosine.

Published
2016

41. Can we run into Ebola in rheumatology departments?

Author

Clément Prati, Catherine Chirouze, Daniel Wendling, Fonctions et dysfonctions épithéliales - UFC (EA 4267) ( FDE ), Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ), Service de Rhumatologie, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Besançon] ( CHRU Besançon ) -Hôpital Jean Minjoz, Laboratoire Chrono-environnement ( LCE ), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté ( UBFC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ), Service des maladies infectieuses et tropicales, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Besançon] ( CHRU Besançon ) -Hôpital Saint-Jacques, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Besançon] ( CHRU Besançon ), Service de Rhumatologie [Saint-Etienne], CHU Saint-Etienne-Hôpital de Bellevue, Fonctions et dysfonctions épithéliales - UFC (EA 4267) (FDE), Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Besançon (CHRU Besançon), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - CNRS - UBFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), and Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Besançon (CHRU Besançon)-Hôpital Saint-Jacques

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Pathology, Ebola virus, business.industry, General surgery, Joint bone, Hemorrhagic Fever, Ebola, medicine.disease_cause, Rheumatology, 3. Good health, [ SDV.MHEP.MI ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, [SDV.MP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology, [SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, [ SDV.MP ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology, Rheumatic Diseases, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, business, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

Joint Bone Spine - In Press.Proof corrected by the author Available online since lundi 20 juillet 2015

Published
2015

42. Reply to Raoult

Author

Sarah Millot, Bruno Hoen, François Alla, Christine Selton-Suty, D Thomas, Christophe Strady, Vanessa Moby, Pierre Tattevin, Nelly Agrinier, Catherine Chirouze, Edouard Euvrard, Xavier Duval, CIC Hôpital Bichat, AP-HP - Hôpital Bichat - Claude Bernard [Paris]-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-UFR de Médecine, Centre de recherche sur l'Inflammation (CRI (UMR_S_1149 / ERL_8252 / U1149)), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - UFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nancy (CHRU Nancy), Service d'Odontologie [CHRU Nancy], Service des maladies infectieuses et réanimation médicale, Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Hôpital Pontchaillou, Médecine Interne, Infectiologie et Pathologie des voyages, Polyclinique Saint André, Centre d'Investigation Clinique CIC-1431, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Besançon] (CHRU Besançon), CIC 1433 Epidémiologie clinique, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut de cardiologie [CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [APHP], Centre d'Investigation Clinique Antilles-Guyane (CIC - Antilles Guyane), Université des Antilles et de la Guyane (UAG)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pointe-à-Pitre/Abymes [Guadeloupe] -CHU de Fort de France-Centre Hospitalier Andrée Rosemon [Cayenne, Guyane Française], Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -UFR de Médecine-AP-HP - Hôpital Bichat - Claude Bernard [Paris], Centre de recherche sur l'inflamation - UMR 1149, Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement ( LCE ), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté ( UBFC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nancy ( CHRU Nancy ), Université de Rennes 1 ( UR1 ), Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Hôpital Pontchaillou, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Besançon] ( CHRU Besançon ), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [APHP], Centre d'Investigation Clinique Antilles-Guyane ( CIC - Antilles Guyane ), CHU de Fort de France-Centre Hospitalier Andrée Rosemon [Cayenne, Guyane Française]-CHU Pointe-à-Pitre/Abymes [Guadeloupe] -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Université des Antilles et de la Guyane ( UAG ), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-UFR de Médecine-AP-HP - Hôpital Bichat - Claude Bernard [Paris], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - CNRS - UBFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Ingénierie Moléculaire et Physiopathologie Articulaire (IMoPA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lorraine (UL), Service des maladies infectieuses et réanimation médicale [Rennes] = Infectious Disease and Intensive Care [Rennes], CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes], Centre d'Investigation Clinique de Besançon (Inserm CIC 1431), Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Besançon (CHRU Besançon)-Etablissement français du sang [Bourgogne-Franche-Comté] (EFS [Bourgogne-Franche-Comté]), Centre d'investigation clinique - Epidémiologie clinique [Nancy] (CIC-EC), Centre d'investigation clinique [Nancy] (CIC), Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nancy (CHRU Nancy)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nancy (CHRU Nancy)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), CHU de Fort de France-Centre Hospitalier Andrée Rosemon [Cayenne, Guyane Française]-CHU Pointe-à-Pitre/Abymes [Guadeloupe] -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université des Antilles et de la Guyane (UAG), AP-HP - Hôpital Bichat - Claude Bernard [Paris], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-UFR de Médecine, Laboratoire Chrono-environnement (UMR 6249) (LCE), Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Besançon (CHRU Besançon)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Etablissement français du sang [Bourgogne-Franche-Comté] (EFS BFC)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nancy (CHRU Nancy)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nancy (CHRU Nancy)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lorraine (UL), CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), and Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Sorbonne Université (SU)

Subjects
Microbiology (medical), medicine.medical_specialty, media_common.quotation_subject, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], MEDLINE, Raoult's law, 01 natural sciences, Oral hygiene, Habits, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Hygiene, Humans, Medicine, 030212 general & internal medicine, 0101 mathematics, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, media_common, Endocarditis, [ SDV ] Life Sciences [q-bio], business.industry, 010102 general mathematics, Oral Hygiene, Infectious Diseases, Case-Control Studies, Family medicine, Immunology, business
Abstract

International audience

Published
2017

43. Mutations in gene fusA1 as a novel mechanism of aminoglycoside resistance in clinical strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Author

Katy Jeannot, Arnaud Bolard, Patrick Plésiat, Centre National de Référence de la Résistance aux Antibiotiques ( CNR ), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Besançon] ( CHRU Besançon ), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement ( LCE ), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté ( UBFC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ), Centre National de Référence de la Résistance aux Antibiotiques (CNR), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Besançon (CHRU Besançon), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - CNRS - UBFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), and Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Cystic Fibrosis, 030106 microbiology, Mutant, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, [ SDV.MP.BAC ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Bacteriology, medicine.disease_cause, Carbapenemase, 03 medical and health sciences, Bacterial Proteins, Mechanisms of Resistance, Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial, RNA, Ribosomal, 16S, medicine, Tobramycin, Humans, MALDI-TOF MS, Pharmacology (medical), Pseudomonas Infections, Gene, Derepression, Pharmacology, Genetics, Protein Synthesis Inhibitors, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Chemistry, Aminoglycoside, [SDV.MP.BAC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Bacteriology, Anti-Bacterial Agents, Elongation factor, Detection, Infectious Diseases, Aminoglycosides, Amino Acid Substitution, Mutation, Efflux, medicine.drug
Abstract

Resistance of clinical strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to aminoglycosides can result from production of transferable aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes, of 16S rRNA methylases, and/or mutational derepression of intrinsic multidrug efflux pump MexXY(OprM). We report here the characterization of a new type of mutant that is 4- to 8-fold more resistant to 2-deoxystreptamine derivatives (e.g., gentamicin, amikacin, and tobramycin) than the wild-type strain PAO1. The genetic alterations of three in vitro mutants were mapped on fusA1 and found to result in single amino acid substitutions in domains II, III, and V of elongation factor G (EF-G1A), a key component of translational machinery. Transfer of the mutated fusA1 alleles into PAO1 reproduced the resistance phenotype. Interestingly, fusA1 mutants with other amino acid changes in domains G, IV, and V of EF-G1A were identified among clinical strains with decreased susceptibility to aminoglycosides. Allelic-exchange experiments confirmed the relevance of these latter mutations and of three other previously reported alterations located in domains G and IV. Pump MexXY(OprM) partly contributed to the resistance conferred by the mutated EF-G1A variants and had additive effects on aminoglycoside MICs when mutationally upregulated. Altogether, our data demonstrate that cystic fibrosis (CF) and non-CF strains of P. aeruginosa can acquire a therapeutically significant resistance to important aminoglycosides via a new mechanism involving mutations in elongation factor EF-G1A.

Published
2017

44. Analysis of Triazole Fungicides in Aqueous Solutions and Their Removal on Modified Activated Carbons

Author

Grégorio Crini, Audrey Jeanvoine, Nadia Morin-Crini, Laurence Millon, Steffi Rocchi, Célie Garcia, Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - CNRS - UBFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement ( LCE ), and Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté ( UBFC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC )

Subjects
Triazole, chemistry.chemical_element, 010501 environmental sciences, 01 natural sciences, [ CHIM ] Chemical Sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, Adsorption, medicine, Organic chemistry, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Multidisciplinary, Aqueous solution, 010401 analytical chemistry, Extraction (chemistry), 0104 chemical sciences, Propiconazole, [ CHIM.POLY ] Chemical Sciences/Polymers, [CHIM.POLY]Chemical Sciences/Polymers, chemistry, [ CHIM.ANAL ] Chemical Sciences/Analytical chemistry, Leaching (metallurgy), Carbon, Nuclear chemistry, Activated carbon, medicine.drug
Abstract

Using liquid–liquid extraction and GC-MS/MS analysis, triazoles employed as fungicides in sawmills were studied in polycontaminated aqueous solutions. Their removal was estimated using activated carbon (AC) modified with NaOH as adsorbent. Granular and powder carbons exhibited similar results (abatement of 99.6 and 99.7% in mean, respectively for a dose of 3 g $$\hbox {L}^{-1}$$ and a concentration of 1 mg $$\hbox {L}^{-1}$$ for each fungicide in a mixture), suggesting that the capacities of these two adsorbents will be mainly due to their basic surface properties. Using a granular carbon dose of 1 g $$\hbox {L}^{-1}$$ for the same concentrations in fungicides, a mean value of 95.3% was reached. Nevertheless, at lower doses, the adsorption capacities decreased (< 57%) and some differences appeared between triazoles. Use of AC to eliminate triazoles of leaching waters of wood-treated pieces permitted the retention of more than 80% of propiconazole for formulations without dye (only 37–55% with dye), which can induce some competition effects for organics to the active site access.

Published
2017

45. Spread of Klebsiella pneumoniae ST395 non-susceptible to carbapenems and resistant to fluoroquinolones in North-Eastern France

Author

Fany Reffuveille, Christophe de Champs, Frédéric Klein, Xavier Bertrand, Odile Bajolet, Anamaria Babosan, Thomas Guillard, C. François, Anaëlle Muggeo, Laboratoire de Bactériologie–Virologie-Hygiène Hospitalière, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Reims (CHU Reims), Laboratoire Départemental de l'Orne, Laboratoire de Microbiologie de l’Environnement (LME), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - UFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Laboratoire de Virologie Médicale et Moléculaire - EA 4684 (CardioVir), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Reims (CHU Reims)-SFR CAP Santé (Champagne-Ardenne Picardie Santé), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne ( URCA ) -Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Reims ( CHU Reims ), Laboratoire de Microbiologie de l’Environnement ( LME ), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Université de Caen Normandie ( UNICAEN ), Normandie Université ( NU ) -Normandie Université ( NU ), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne ( URCA ), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement ( LCE ), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté ( UBFC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ), Laboratoire de Virologie Médicale et Moléculaire ( CardioVir ), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne ( URCA ) -Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Reims ( CHU Reims ) -SFR CAP Santé (Champagne-Ardenne Picardie Santé), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne ( URCA ) -Université de Picardie Jules Verne ( UPJV ) -Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne ( URCA ) -Université de Picardie Jules Verne ( UPJV ), Pathogénie des Staphylocoques – Staphylococcal Pathogenesis, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie - UMR (CIRI), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Biomatériaux et inflammation en site osseux - EA 4691 (BIOS), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-SFR CAP Santé (Champagne-Ardenne Picardie Santé), Institut de Génétique, Environnement et Protection des Plantes (IGEPP), AGROCAMPUS OUEST-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Reims (CHU Reims), École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - CNRS - UBFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-SFR CAP Santé (Champagne-Ardenne Picardie Santé), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Reims (CHU Reims), University of British Columbia (UBC), and Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Microbiology (medical), QRDR, Carbapenem, ST395, Klebsiella pneumoniae, R Factors, 030106 microbiology, Immunology, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, [ SDV.MP.BAC ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Bacteriology, Microbiology, beta-Lactamases, PMQR, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, Plasmid, [ SDV.MP ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology, Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial, medicine, Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, Humans, Immunology and Allergy, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, biology, chlorhexidine, biology.organism_classification, medicine.disease, Enterobacteriaceae, Virology, [SDV.MP.BAC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Bacteriology, Anti-Bacterial Agents, Klebsiella Infections, 3. Good health, [SDV.MP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology, Carbapenems, chemistry, Multilocus sequence typing, France, Klebsiella pneumonia, Ertapenem, Fluoroquinolones, Multilocus Sequence Typing, Plasmids, medicine.drug, MLST
Abstract

Objectives Fluoroquinolones (FQs) are a potential treatment for infections caused by extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacteriaceae that are susceptible to these agents. Methods Owing to increasing non-susceptibility to carbapenems among Enterobacteriaceae, in this study FQ resistance mechanisms were characterised in 36 ertapenem-non-susceptible Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from North-Eastern France in 2012. The population structure was described by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and multilocus sequence typing (MLST). Results Among the 36 isolates, 13 (36%) carried a carbapenemase encoding-gene. Decreased expression of the OmpK35-encoding gene might be considered a major resistance determinant that could explain the non-susceptibility to carbapenems. The carbapenemase-producing isolates carried the well-known IncL pOXA-48a plasmid. All 36 K. pneumoniae isolates also harboured a FQ resistance determinant. The aac(6′)-Ib-cr gene was the major plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) determinant found in K. pneumoniae (89%; 32/36). MLST identified five sequence types (STs), with the most common being ST395 (69%; 25/36), followed by ST147 (17%; 6/36). ST395 strains showed ertapenem minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) ranging from 0.75–32 μg/mL. Klebsiella pneumoniae ST395 isolates did not show enhanced biofilm formation or environmental survival but showed higher chlorhexidine MICs compared with ST147 isolates. Conclusions These findings showed that (i) K. pneumoniae ST395 carrying pOXA-48a has spread in North-Eastern France, (ii) aac(6′)-Ib-cr is predominant in carbapenem-non-susceptible K. pneumoniae, (iii) K. pneumoniae ST395 is resistant to chlorhexidine and (iv) FQs as an alternative to β-lactams to treat ertapenem-non-susceptible K. pneumoniae are compromised.

Published
2017

46. An immunoproteomic approach revealed antigenic proteins enhancing serodiagnosis performance of bird fancier's lung

Author

Gabriel Reboux, Jean-Charles Dalphin, Adeline Rouzet, Benoît Valot, Laurence Millon, Thierry Balliau, Sandrine Roussel, Anne Gondouin, Paul De Vuyst, Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - UFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Génétique Quantitative et Evolution - Le Moulon (Génétique Végétale) (GQE-Le Moulon), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-AgroParisTech-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Service de parasitologie et mycologie [CHU de Besançon], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Besançon] (CHRU Besançon), Service de Pneumologie [Besançon], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Besançon] (CHRU Besançon)-Hôpital Jean Minjoz-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Erasme Hospital, Brussels, Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - CNRS - UBFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Besancon University Hospital [2015-A01803-46], Laboratoire Chrono-environnement ( LCE ), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté ( UBFC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Besançon] ( CHRU Besançon ), Service de Pneumologie, Hôpital Jean-Minjoz, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Besançon, Université de Franche-Comté, Besançon, France., Génétique Quantitative et Evolution - Le Moulon (Génétique Végétale) ( GQE-Le Moulon ), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ) -AgroParisTech-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Hôpital Erasme [Bruxelles] (ULB), Faculté de Médecine [Bruxelles] (ULB), and Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB)-Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB)

Subjects
Male, Proteomics, MESH : Aged, MESH: Immunoelectrophoresis, MESH : Chromatography, Liquid, law.invention, Feces, MESH: Enzyme Precursors, 0302 clinical medicine, Tandem Mass Spectrometry, MESH : Bird Fancier's Lung, Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional, MESH: Animals, MESH: Bird Fancier's Lung, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Aged, 80 and over, Electrophoresis, Agar Gel, MESH: Middle Aged, MESH: Proteomics, MESH: Feces, Precipitin, MESH : Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay, MESH: Case-Control Studies, 3. Good health, MESH: Reproducibility of Results, [ SDV.BBM.GTP ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Genomics [q-bio.GN], Area Under Curve, Recombinant DNA, Antibody, 2D electrophoresis, MESH : Case-Control Studies, Immunology, [ SDV.EE.SANT ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Health, Avian Proteins, 03 medical and health sciences, Antigen, [SDV.BBM.GTP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Genomics [q-bio.GN], Humans, Serologic Tests, MESH : Middle Aged, MESH : Predictive Value of Tests, MESH : Birds, MESH : Aged, 80 and over, Aged, MESH: Humans, MESH : Reproducibility of Results, MESH : Humans, MESH: Serologic Tests, MESH : Immunoglobulin Light Chains, Surrogate, MESH: Tandem Mass Spectrometry, MESH: Adult, MESH : Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional, Bird fancier's lung, Allergens, MESH: ROC Curve, medicine.disease, MESH: Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional, 030104 developmental biology, 030228 respiratory system, Case-Control Studies, MESH : Inhalation Exposure, MESH: Chromatography, Liquid, MESH: Female, [ SDV.MHEP.PSR ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Pulmonology and respiratory tract, 0301 basic medicine, Immunoelectrophoresis, [SDV.MHEP.PSR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Pulmonology and respiratory tract, Recombinant antigens, Serology, MESH : Proteomics, MESH: Aged, 80 and over, MESH: Avian Proteins, law, Immunology and Allergy, MESH : Female, MESH: Endopeptidases, MESH : Allergens, MESH: Aged, Enzyme Precursors, Inhalation Exposure, Serodiagnosis, medicine.diagnostic_test, MESH : Immunoelectrophoresis, MESH : Enzyme Precursors, MESH : Avian Proteins, MESH: Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay, Middle Aged, MESH : Adult, MESH : Endopeptidases, MESH: Predictive Value of Tests, MESH : Serologic Tests, MESH: Birds, Female, ELISA, MESH : Tandem Mass Spectrometry, MESH: Inhalation Exposure, Adult, MESH: Allergens, Immunoglobulin Light Chains, Surrogate, MESH : Male, Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay, Biology, Birds, Predictive Value of Tests, Endopeptidases, medicine, Animals, [SDV.EE.SANT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Health, Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis, Reproducibility of Results, MESH : Feces, MESH: Immunoglobulin Light Chains, Surrogate, MESH: Male, MESH : Electrophoresis, Agar Gel, ROC Curve, biology.protein, MESH: Area Under Curve, MESH : Animals, MESH : Area Under Curve, MESH: Electrophoresis, Agar Gel, MESH : ROC Curve, Hypersensitivity pneumonitis, Chromatography, Liquid
Abstract

Background Bird fancier's lung (BFL) caused by repeated inhalation of avian proteins is the most common form of hypersensitivity pneumonitis. However, the exact identification of proteins involved is unknown, and serological test use for diagnosis need to be standardized. The objectives of this study were (i) to identify antigenic proteins from pigeon droppings (ii) to provide information about their location in avian matrices and (iii) to produce them in recombinant proteins to evaluate their diagnostic performances. Method Antigenic proteins of pigeon dropping extracts were investigated using 2-dimensional immunoblotting with sera from patients with BFL, asymptomatic exposed controls and healthy volunteers. We investigated the origin of these antigenic proteins by analyzing droppings, blooms and sera using a shotgun proteomic analysis. BFL-associated proteins were produced as recombinant antigens in E. coli and were assessed in ELISA with sera from patients (n = 25) and subject exposed controls (n = 30). These diagnostic performances were compared with those obtained by precipitin techniques (agar gel double diffusion, immunoelectrophoresis). Results We identified 14 antigenic proteins mainly located in droppings and blooms. These proteins were involved in either the digestive or immune systems of pigeons. Using the recombinant BFL-associated proteins: Immunoglobulin lambda-like polypeptide-1 (IGLL1: sensitivity: 76%; specificity: 100%; AUC: 0.93) and Proproteinase E (ProE: sensitivity: 84%; specificity: 80%; AUC: 0.85), the ELISA test showed better performance than precipitin assays with pigeon dropping extracts (sensitivity: 60%; specificity: 93.3%; AUC: 0.76). Conclusion IGLL1 and ProE were identified as the biomarkers of the disease. The use of these highly standardized antigens discriminates BFL cases from exposed subjects in serological assays. The results of this study offer new possibilities for the serological diagnosis of the disease. Clinical trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov : Identifier NCT03056404 .

Published
2017

47. Echinococcus multilocularis management by fox culling: An inappropriate paradigm

Author

Franck Boué, Gérald Umhang, Vincent Raton, Patrick Giraudoux, Benoît Combes, Francis Raoul, Sebastien Comte, Entente de lutte interdépartementale contre les zoonoses ( ELIZ ), Etablissement Public Interdépartemental, Laboratoire de la rage et pathologie des animaux sauvages ( LERPAS ), ANSES, Laboratoire Chrono-environnement ( LCE ), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté ( UBFC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ), Institut Universitaire de France ( IUF ), Ministère de l'Éducation nationale, de l’Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche ( M.E.N.E.S.R. ), Entente de lutte interdépartementale contre les zoonoses (ELIZ), Laboratoire de la rage et pathologie des animaux sauvages (LERPAS), Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail (ANSES), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - CNRS - UBFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), and Ministère de l'Education nationale, de l’Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche (M.E.N.E.S.R.)

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Veterinary medicine, media_common.quotation_subject, 030231 tropical medicine, Immigration, Population, Foxes, Alveolar echinococcosis, Culling, Wildlife disease management, Biology, Echinococcus multilocularis, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Predation, [ SDV.EE ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment, 03 medical and health sciences, Zoonosis, 0302 clinical medicine, Food Animals, Echinococcosis, medicine, Prevalence, Animals, education, media_common, [SDV.EE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment, education.field_of_study, [ SDE.BE ] Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, biology.organism_classification, medicine.disease, Fox culling, Communicable Disease Control, Control area, Animal Science and Zoology, France, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Demography
Abstract

International audience; With the ongoing spread of Echinococcus multilocularis in Europe, sanitary authorities are looking for the most efficient ways of reducing the risk for human populations. Fox culling is one particular tool that has recently shifted from predation control to population health management. Our study aims to assess the effectiveness of this tool in limiting E. multilocularis prevalence in fox populations in France. During four years, a culling protocol by night shooting from cars was implemented around the city of Nancy (eastern France) representing ∼1700h of night work and ∼15,000km driven. The 776 foxes killed represented an overall increase of 35% of the pressure on the fox population over 693km2. Despite this consequent effort of culling, not only did night shooting of foxes fail to decrease the fox population, but it resulted in an increase in E. multilocularis prevalence from 40% to 55% while remaining stable in an adjacent control area (585km2). Though no significant change in age structure could be described, an increase in immigration and local recruitment is the best hypothesis for population resilience. The increase in prevalence is therefore considered to be linked to a higher rate of juvenile movement within the culled area shedding highly contaminated faeces. We therefore advocate managers to consider alternative methods such as anthelmintic baiting, which has been proven to be efficient elsewhere, to fight against alveolar echinococcosis.

Published
2017

48. Viral prevalence and laboratory investigations of gastroenteritis in institutions for dependent people

Author

Philippe Gaspard, K. Ambert-Balay, P. Pothier, B. Heck, S. Larocca, C. Roth, Laboratoire Chrono-environnement ( LCE ), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté ( UBFC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ), Centre Hospitalier de Rouffach, Procédés Alimentaires et Microbiologiques [Dijon] ( PAM ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté ( UBFC ), Laboratoire de sérologie-virologie (CHU de Dijon), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand ( CHU Dijon ), Procédés Alimentaires et Microbiologiques [Dijon] (PAM), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand (CHU Dijon)

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Male, Rotavirus, Delayed Diagnosis, Prevalence, medicine.disease_cause, Chromatography, Affinity, Disease Outbreaks, Feces, 0302 clinical medicine, Epidemiology, 030212 general & internal medicine, Epidemies, Caliciviridae Infections, Aged, 80 and over, Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction, Institutionalization, [ SDV.SPEE ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Predictive value, 3. Good health, Gastroenteritis, Infectious Diseases, Gastroenterites, Acute Disease, Female, France, medicine.medical_specialty, 030106 microbiology, Sensitivity and Specificity, Rotavirus Infections, 03 medical and health sciences, stomatognathic system, Predictive Value of Tests, Environmental health, parasitic diseases, medicine, Humans, Aged, business.industry, Norovirus, Outbreaks, Outbreak, Virology, Geriatrics, Geriatrie, ICTS, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Sensitivity limit, business
Abstract

International audience; OBJECTIVES: Viruses are recognized as important agents of gastroenteritis outbreaks in institutions caring for dependent people. We aimed to define norovirus (NoV) and rotavirus (RV) immunochromatographic tests (ICT) and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) used in gastroenteritis investigations.METHODS: Fourteen sites were monitored from 2010 to 2015, with 360 laboratory investigations. Twenty-two outbreaks and 44 sporadic case patients were investigated with ICTs (114 NoVs and 80 RVs) and RT-PCRs (114 NoVs and 52 RVs).RESULTS: ICTs were useful during outbreaks (identification of NoVs and RVs in respectively 76.5% and 75.0% of episodes) despite the NoV sensitivity limit (55.1%) and the four RV false positive results observed for 10 samples. Given the NoV ICT performance and the observed variations of the NoV and RV prevalence (between 20.0% and 5.0%), ICTs are not appropriate to identify sporadic gastroenteritis case patients. Positive predictive values

Published
2017

49. Genomic characterization of a local epidemic Pseudomonas aeruginosa reveals specific features of the widespread clone ST395

Author

Marie Petitjean, Alicia Silvant, Daniel Martak, Benoît Valot, Didier Hocquet, Xavier Bertrand, Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - CNRS - UBFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Besançon (CHRU Besançon), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement ( LCE ), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté ( UBFC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ), Hôpital Jean Minjoz, and Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Besançon] ( CHRU Besançon )

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, 030106 microbiology, Clone (cell biology), Virulence, [ SDV.MP.BAC ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Bacteriology, medicine.disease_cause, Genome, Microbiology, 03 medical and health sciences, multidrug resistance, medicine, [ SDV.BIBS ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Quantitative Methods [q-bio.QM], Gene, Genetics, [SDV.GEN.GPO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Populations and Evolution [q-bio.PE], biology, outbreak, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, high-risk clone, Pseudomonas, Outbreak, General Medicine, biology.organism_classification, [SDV.BIBS]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Quantitative Methods [q-bio.QM], [SDV.MP.BAC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Bacteriology, Multiple drug resistance, [ SDV.GEN.GPO ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Populations and Evolution [q-bio.PE], 030104 developmental biology, copper
Abstract

International audience; Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a ubiquitous opportunistic pathogen with several clones being frequently associated with outbreaks in hospital settings. ST395 is among these so-called 'international' clones. We aimed here to define the biological features that could have helped the implantation and spread of the clone ST395 in hospital settings. The complete genome of a multidrug resistant index isolate (DHS01) of a large hospital outbreak was analysed. We identified DHS01-specific genetic elements, among which were identified those shared with a panel of six independent ST395 isolates responsible for outbreaks in other hospitals. DHS01 has the fifth largest chromosome of the species (7.1 Mbp), with most of its 1555 accessory genes borne by either genomic islands (GIs, n=48) or integrative and conjugative elements (ICEs, n=5). DHS01 is multidrug resistant mostly due to chromosomal mutations. It displayed signatures of adaptation to chronic infection in part due to the loss of a 131 kbp chromosomal fragment. Four GIs were specific to the clone ST395 and contained genes involved in metabolism (GI-4), in virulence (GI-6) and in resistance to copper (GI-7). GI-7 harboured an array of six copper transporters and was shared with non-pathogenic Pseudomonas sp. retrieved from copper-contaminated environments. Copper resistance was confirmed phenotypically in all other ST395 isolates and possibly accounted for the spreading capability of the clone in hospital outbreaks, where water networks have been incriminated. This suggests that genes transferred from copper-polluted environments may have favoured the implantation and spread of the international clone P. aeruginosa ST395 in hospital settings.

Published
2017

50. Large-scale evaluation of a rapid diagnostic test for human cystic echinococcosis

Author

Frédéric Grenouillet, Houria Zait, Boussad Hamrioui, Florence-Elisabeth Grenouillet, Elise Moreau, Alice Baraquin, Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - CNRS - UBFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Mustapha University Hospital, Algiers, WHO Collaborating Center for Prevention and care Management of Echinococcosis, Region Bourgogne Franche-Comte, National Reference Center for Alveolar Echinococcosis, Laboratoire Chrono-environnement ( LCE ), and Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté ( UBFC ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS )

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Microbiology (medical), Pathology, medicine.medical_specialty, Time Factors, 030231 tropical medicine, Hydatidosis, Rapid diagnostic test, Sensitivity and Specificity, Zoonotic disease, Chromatography, Affinity, Serology, [ SDV.EE.SANT ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Health, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Echinococcosis, Predictive Value of Tests, Internal medicine, Diagnosis, medicine, Humans, Prospective cohort study, [SDV.EE.SANT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Health, business.industry, Cystic echinococcosis, Diagnostic Tests, Routine, Retrospective cohort study, General Medicine, 030108 mycology & parasitology, 3. Good health, Echinococcoses, Infectious Diseases, business
Abstract

International audience; Cystic echinococcosis (CE) is a neglected zoonotic disease, diagnosed through clinical findings, imaging techniques, and serology, for which many serological tests are available. Here we report a rapid unit assay, the immunochromatographic VIRapid® HYDATIDOSIS test (Vircell, Granada, Spain), potentially suitable for laboratories in low-prevalence or poorly equipped areas. This test was evaluated with a large retrospective cohort (224 sera), including patients suffering from CE or from other parasitic or liver diseases. The test was also assessed in routine conditions with a prospective cohort (115 sera) in areas where both cystic and alveolar echinococcoses have been diagnosed. Its performance (in terms of sensitivity, specificity, and both positive and negative likelihood ratios) was similar to an ELISA based on a crude antigen. Our study shows that this test performs adequately in the diagnostic process, when used with caution, especially regarding cross-reactivity with other parasitic diseases.

Published
2017

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