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A new approach permitting one to predict atmospheric air quality over urban areas using a one-dimensional meteorological model and a 3D pollutant transport model is described. A special feature of the method is that it can be modified to solve problems of modeling the dispersion of pollutants containing a gas component and solid particles. The impurity transfer model is implemented using an automated intelligent environmental monitoring system, which allows to obtain operational forecast.

The paper discusses the socio-communicative function of the engineer’s foreign language training where the content should be based on materials of the global latest technological advances and understanding the essence of production culture in different countries. The structure and content of foreign languages training is revealed taking into account the potential of multilingualism, technocommunication and metalinguistic awareness. Foreign language training contributes to the formation of linguistic, communicative and metacognitive skills. International modern requirements to the students’ foreign language training at an engineering university are actualized, its contradictions and features of pedagogical forms, methods and tools are identified. The content and structure of multilingualism, technocommunication and metalinguistic awareness of the students’ foreign languages training at an engineering university are revealed. A methodology for the implementation of foreign language training in combination with multilingualism, technocommunication and metalinguistic awareness is devoted. The effectiveness of the proposed methodology was proved through the realization of group international study trips where students showed an understanding of technology by means of foreign languages and a metalinguistic awareness focusing on the cultural traditions of the region and local features of production. A conscious approach to deeper linguistic knowledge, cultures of different countries and technologies according to the high language and communications requirements in the field of science and technology, combining linguistic and engineering thinking in the human mind for a more complete understanding of the essence and content of engineering education is argued.

Development of information technologies makes it possible to carry out distance support of the course “English for special purpose” studied at Technological University. The purpose of the study is to analyze the system of mastering lexical skills, based on combination of online study and face-to-face classes which allows to take into account the individual trajectory of each student. The study examines the organization of work with professional vocabulary in the framework of distance support of courses “English for special purpose” for Masters (major “Chemical technology”) of Kazan national Research Technological university. Introduction and training of vocabulary is based on texts which are analyzed using the Flash Kincaid scale and processed later using the methods analyzed in the research. Introduction of new vocabulary online is carried out through visualization, word formation analysis and translation. Training lexical skills online is carried out through translation and training exercises (multiple choice, finishing a sentence, inserting a word), which are organized through the “test function”, as the possibilities of MOODLE are limited. Automated control of three types (diagnostic, intermediate and final) is used for assessment. The system of lexical exercises allows not only to understand the meaning of the unit in the context, but also allows students with a low level of English not to be behind the group. As a result, the average percentage of completion of the online final test raised from 70% to 80–85%.

В статье рассматривается история способов показа иконы на протяжении всего периода её музейного бытования, которое началось около полутора веков назад. Всё это время методы демонстрации иконы в музее проявляли отношения между музеем, обществом и властью, а также отражали изменение понимания самого феномена музейного предмета. Начиная с первых экспозиций и до сегодняшнего дня ведутся дискуссии о статусе иконы в музейном пространстве, её интерпретации и разнообразных способах показа. Уникальность иконы заключается в том, что на её примере особенно ярко прослеживается изменение значения объекта при превращении его в музейный предмет, т. е. при его перемещении из одного контекста в другой. Современная музейная аналитика утверждает, что музей не является и никогда не являлся нейтральной средой сохранения памятников или информации. Он активно формирует рамки зрительского восприятия, наделяя экспонируемые предметы смыслом и превращая их в художественные или исторические памятники. Музей также придаёт им статус нормы и очевидности, активно формируя культурную идентичность. Когда объект изымается из аутентичной среды и помещается в музейную экспозицию, он теряет первоначальный смысл, но приобретает другое, новое прочтение. К инструментам, с помощью которых музей всегда формировал новые смыслы, относятся способы показа или музейный дизайн. Применительно к иконе представляет интерес возможность проследить, как с помощью способов показа меняется её значение: как икона изымается из сакрального контекста и обретает светские значения, как создаётся имитация сакрального в профанном пространстве музейной экспозиции. В истории музейного бытования иконы можно выделить несколько этапов. В экспозиции XIX века она теряет связь со своим сакральным пространством и рассматривается как один из объектов коллекционирования или научного изучения, подтверждая ценность рационального познания. К началу ХХ века относятся первые попытки музеев вернуть иконе священный контекст, но не ритуально-обрядовый, а философско- эстетический. Экспозиции 1930-х гг. максимально нивелировали и связь иконы с родным для неё сакральным контекстом, и понимание иконы в качестве философско-этетического феномена. Она превратилась в исторический документ, иллюстрацию к обучающему рассказу или идеологическому тезису. К концу ХХ века древнерусская живопись понималась как художественный шедевр, дающий возможность эстетического наслаждения. Современный подход синтезирует все используемые ранее способы показа. При этом стала достаточно распространённой практика помещения иконы в сакральный контекст, имитацию которого создают различные экспозиционные приёмы. Таким образом, рассмотренные в статье способы показа иконы, несмотря на всю их разнообразность, имеют сходные черты, обладающие некоторой повторяемостью. Они интерпретируют икону то как сакральный объект, то как профанный. Обоснования приёмов, с помощью которых происходит сакрализация/десакрализация иконы в музейных экспозициях, на разных этапах её музейного существования совершенно различны. Тем не менее можно обнаружить типологические сходства общих стратегий. На сами же способы показа влияют ценностные ориентиры и культурные нормы, формирующие те стратегии визуальности, которые превалируют в конкретный исторический период.The article examines the historical trends in icons display throughout the entire period of its existence as a museum object. Museum display of icons which started about a century and a half ago has always reflected relations between museum, society and power as well as changes in understanding of the phenomenon of a museum item as such. Throughout all this time, the status of an icon in a museum space, its interpretation and various ways of display have always been under discussion. The uniqueness of an icon lies in the fact that it gives a vivid opportunity to trace the transformation of meaning of an object when it becomes a museum item, i.e. is transferred from one context to another. The present museum analysis declares that museum is not a neutral storage space for monuments or information. It actively shapes the frames of perception, endows the exhibits with meaning and even grants them the status of the norm and obviousness, actively forming cultural identity. When an object is removed from its initial environment and included in a museum exhibition as a museum item it loses its original meaning, thus acquiring a new, different interpretation. The display policies and museum design have always been the tools with which a museum developed new meanings. As for icons, the opportunity to trace the change of their meaning depending on the ways of display is of interest. For example, how an icon is removed from the sacral context and acquires its secular meaning, how the sacral context is recreated within the secular space of a museum exhibition. Several periods can be distinguished in the history of museum existence of icons. In the 19th-century display the icon detached itself from its sacral space and was regarded as an object for collecting or academic research, thus confirming the value of rational perception. In the early 20th century, museums made first attempts to return to icons their sacral context, but not the ceremonial one, but the philosophic and esthetic. In the 1930s, the exhibitions maximally levelled both the connection of an icon with its native sacral context and its interpretation as a philosophic and esthetic phenomenon. It turned into a historical document, an illustration for educational stories or ideological thesis. By the end of the 20th century, Old Russian Painting items were perceived as masterpieces of art affording an opportunity of aesthetic enjoyment. The current approach synthesizes all previously used ways of display. Nevertheless, placement of icons into their sacral contexts recreated by means of various exhibition methods has become common practice. Thus, all the above mentioned ways of display of icons at different stages of their museum existence show, nevertheless, certain recurrence. Under their impact, an icon is perceived either as a sacral or a profane object. Explanations underlying the exhibition methods of sacralization/desacralization of icons were certainly absolutely different, though they don’t hamper the ability to see typological similarities between common strategies. For all that, only the values forming predominant visual strategies of particular time can influence display practices.

The existing methodical approaches to the assessment of the farming system efficiency and agricultural lands are based on the physical hectares not taking into account quality of the plots, and thus it distorts the reliability of the calculation of indices. The existing methods of determination of cadastral price of the agricultural lands comprise the variety of qualitative indicators. In connection with this we suggest the methods of assessment of the farming system efficiency in accordance with the output factors per 1 ruble of cadastral value of the agricultural lands: gross (commodity) output of crop production (technologic efficiency coefficient of land resources); income of production and realization of crop production and animal husbandry products with and without state support (land resources net profit ratio with and without state support), level of state support efficiency. For comparison, the index method is used. The researches prove that indices taking into account cadastral assessment of land resources differ from indices calculated in accordance with physical values and allow judging of influence of land resources quality on technological as well as on economic result, and also assess comparative level and efficiency of state support rendered. The method implies carrying out comparative assessment of efficiency of developing and existing farming systems in regard to agricultural enterprises, regions, agricultural zones and also assessment of the level and efficiency of state support using indices of the cadastral assessment.

Renewable energy sources (RES) are gradually becoming one of the key elements in the process of achieving energy efficiency worldwide. This trend can be observed in many developed Western economies—for example, in the United States, as well as in the United Kingdom. Hence, the role of innovative policies for promoting energy efficiency is becoming crucial in transition to the post-carbon economy. The shift to the carbon-free future make all actors to face forgoing commitments Nevertheless, customers and residential households are the first and the most important players in the pursuit of the energy-efficient future. Without them, carbon-free economy based on RES would never take the shape as envisaged. Our paper focuses on the innovative strategies and policies studying the effect and the scope of RES penetration into the households. We employ and empirical analysis of the effects from using RES in households using an example of the residential households in the northwest region of the United Kingdom (UK) with and without solar photovoltaic (PV) panels and electric vehicles (EV). We analyse the four scenarios that are aimed at analysing the system dynamics and providing differentiation between systems in terms of the varying values of the gross demand, tariffs, metered import, and the total revenue. Our results demonstrate that the solar PV leads to the transfer of costs and wealth regardless of the ownership of PV and EVs. Solar energy generation reduces the share of UK solar PV households per kWh costs of the distribution system which causes the augmenting of the per unit charges as well as to the changes in payments for the electricity that impoverishes less wealthy customer groups. It also becomes clear that with the increase of EV penetration, the existing energy efficiency schemes would have to be revised.

Currently, the human factor is one of the main causes of incidents occurring on railway transport. Accounting, investigation and analysis of incidents is carried out using integrated automated systems. The article presents the results of analysis of the impact of technical failures and technological violations associated with erroneous actions of personnel on the quality of the railway station.

We provide the description of the author’s questionnaire, which determines the level (natural, compensatory, dependent) of computer gaming addiction in young teens. The questionnaire involves five basic scales: emotional attitude to computer games; self-control in a computer game; goal orientation on the computer game; parental relation to a computer game; preference for virtual communication to real. We analyze the features of subjectivity in early adolescence with different levels of computer game addiction. The structure of subjectivity is defined as the level of expression of its components: activity; awareness of the capacity for reflection, freedom of choice and responsibility for it; awareness of self-uniqueness; understanding and acceptance of the other; self-development. We found that children with high levels of computer gaming addiction have lower rates on such components of subjectivity as awareness of the capacity for reflection, awareness of freedom of choice and responsibility for it, understanding and acceptance of the other, the awareness of self. On the intensity of the components of subjectivity, three groups of young adolescents with low, balanced and unbalanced performance are revealed.

In the era of intensive informatization of society, computer becomes an integral part of the modern life of the younger teenagers. In Russia, the number of children spending time in front of monitors, playing computer games at home or in a computer club, increases every day. According to Entermedia LLC, the percentage of sales of computer games increases by 50% annually. Currently, 23% of the population of Russia plays computer games, at that the minimum age for a computer player is two years.Strengthening polarization regarding children's interest to computer games becomes one of the most important problems. What is meant here is the fact that, on the one hand, there are adolescents, whose interest in computer games is quite sustainable, while, on the other hand, there are also schoolchildren experiencing mild interest or no interest at all to computer games. The relevance of the present work is determined by the social danger of the phenomenon called high passion for computer games, which deforms, and sometimes blocks the development of the most important personal entities [3, 5, 9, 12, 15]. In this regard, the investigation of the features of personal agency in younger adolescents, which is responsible for the self-regulation of behavior and activity of a subject, is of particular importance.

Esta pesquisa configura-se, metodologicamente, como um estudo de caso e estudo teórico, no viés das pesquisas qualitativas, acerca do Centro Internacional de Arte e Cultura Humanista Recanto Maestro. Seu objetivo geral é conhecer o ambiente formativo deste Projeto, principalmente quando se propõe à formação de jovens – sendo estes estudantes universitários e no início de suas atividades profissionais, e também continuamente na formação pessoal e profissional de jovens e adultos. Apresenta e discute a proposta e a lógica de formação integral junto ao protagonismo responsável, tendo por base a Pedagogia Ontopsicológica, no Recanto Maestro, e apresenta os pilares da formação dos jovens, bem como as diretivas para a formação dos mesmos na Faculdade Antonio Meneghetti. Os resultados são evidenciados principalmente pelos resultados concretos da formação dos jovens que ali estudam, se formam e trabalho, e demonstram que o sujeito pode ter vida saudável, produtiva e realizada.

Objective Child maltreatment is a problem that has longer recognition in the northern hemisphere and in high-income countries. Recent work has highlighted the nearly universal nature of the problem in other countries but demonstrated the lack of comparability of studies because of the variations in definitions and measures used. The International Society for the Prevention of Child Abuse and Neglect has developed instrumentation that may be used with cross-cultural and cross-national benchmarking by local investigators. Design and sampling The instrument design began with a team of expert in Brisbane in 2004. A large bank of questions were subjected to two rounds of Delphi review to develop the fielded version of the instrument. Convenience samples included approximately 120 parent respondents with children under the age of 18 in each of six countries (697 total). Results This paper presents an instrument that measures parental behaviors directed at children and reports data from pilot work in 6 countries and 7 languages. Patterns of response revealed few missing values and distributions of responses that generally were similar in the six countries. Subscales performed well in terms of internal consistency with Cronbach's alpha in very good range (0.77–0.88) with the exception of the neglect and sex abuse subscales. Results varied by child age and gender in expected directions but with large variations among the samples. About 15% of children were shaken, 24% hit on the buttocks with an object, and 37% were spanked. Reports of choking and smothering were made by 2% of parents. Conclusion These pilot data demonstrate that the instrument is well tolerated and captures variations in, and potentially harmful forms of child discipline. Practice implications The ISPCAN Child Abuse Screening Tool – Parent Version (ICAST-P) has been developed as a survey instrument to be administered to parents for the assessment of child maltreatment in a multi-national and multi-cultural context. It was developed with broad input from international experts and subjected to Dephi review, translation, and pilot testing in six countries. The results of the Delphi study and pilot testing are presented. This study demonstrates that a single instrument can be used in a broad range of cultures and languages with low rates of missing data and moderate to high internal consistency.

International audience; The global sensitivity analysis of a complex numerical model often calls for the estimation of variance-based importance measures, named Sobol' indices. Metamodel-based techniques have been developed in order to replace the cpu time-expensive computer code with an inexpensive mathematical function, which predicts the computer code output. The common metamodel-based sensitivity analysis methods are well-suited for computer codes with scalar outputs. However, in the environmental domain, as in many areas of application, the numerical model outputs are often spatial maps, which may also vary with time. In this paper, we introduce an innovative method to obtain a spatial map of Sobol' indices with a minimal number of numerical model computations. It is based upon the functional decomposition of the spatial output onto a wavelet basis and the metamodeling of the wavelet coefficients by the Gaussian process. An analytical example is presented to clarify the various steps of our methodology. This technique is then applied to a real hydrogeological case: for each model input variable, a spatial map of Sobol' indices is thus obtained.

International audience; Complex computer codes are often too time expensive to be directly used to perform uncertainty propagation studies, global sensitivity analysis or to solve optimization problems. A well known and widely used method to circumvent this inconvenience consists in replacing the complex computer code by a reduced model, called a metamodel, or a response surface that represents the computer code and requires acceptable calculation time. One particular class of metamodels is studied: the Gaussian process model that is characterized by its mean and covariance functions. A specific estimation procedure is developed to adjust a Gaussian process model in complex cases (non linear relations, highly dispersed or discontinuous output, high dimensional input, inadequate sampling designs, ...). The efficiency of this algorithm is compared to the efficiency of other existing algorithms on an analytical test case. The proposed methodology is also illustrated for the case of a complex hydrogeological computer code, simulating radionuclide transport in groundwater.

consider the psychological features regarding the development of younger adolescents, the violation of which may be the cause of computer game addiction at a given age stage of development.The issue of the influence of computer game addiction on the mental and personal development of a younger adolescent has not been studied enough. An analysis of psychological studies has shown that the psychological factors, conditions and mechanisms that determine the characteristics of computer game addiction in early adolescence are not adequately worked out.In this study, a theoretical analysis of personal prerequisites for the development of computer game addiction in younger adolescents was conducted, which allowed determining that computer game addiction arose from a combination of two groups of factors: personal and socio-psychological.The personal factors of computer game addiction in younger adolescents were revealed: inadequate, often overestimated self-esteem, increased desire for risk and search for acute sensations, weak volitional potential, unbalanced development of a child's agency.The socio-psychological factors of computer game addiction in eatly adolescence were revealed, which were a combination of the features of child-parent relations and the characteristics of the child's interaction with peers.