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The popularity and relevance of the library makerspace has been well-established and documented in the previous decade of researcher and practitioner work, including numerous hands-on guides from a variety of dimensions relevant to starting and operating a makerspace. Less studied, however, and the focus of this work are the applications of maker technologies within wider library work. Prior qualitative research conducted by the author included interviews with librarians to understand and document their use of maker technologies, such as the Raspberry Pi single-board computer, to support broader library work outside of the makerspace. The findings indicated that common use cases included running library display screens and collecting patron traffic numbers and environmental data. The objective of this subsequent case study is to examine the potential for wider use of such projects by librarians in an academic library setting, by introducing these projects into a new library setting and assessing the related code and educational materials developed by the researcher. This work reports on the findings of the case study, in which the projects were successfully operated in several usage contexts, as well as the challenges and broader implications for adoption within libraries of all types. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper investigates the potential of the Gamified Metaverse as a platform for promoting library services. The study compares the effectiveness of a traditional library program with a Metaverse- based library program in terms of knowledge acquisition and library anxiety. The research also examines students' perceptions of implementing gamification within the context of the Gamified Metaverse platform. A mixed-methods approach was adopted, including pre- and post-test analysis, statistical analysis, and qualitative data collection. The results indicate that both the traditional and Metaverse-based library programs effectively increased the participants' knowledge, with no significant difference between the two approaches. However, the Metaverse-based program was found to be less effective in facilitating interaction with librarians and reducing library anxiety. Additionally, students expressed positive perceptions of implementing gamification in the Gamified Metaverse platform, finding it engaging and motivating. These findings contribute to the understanding of the effect of the Metaverse as a tool for promoting library services and enhancing knowledge acquisition. However, it is not as effective in reducing library anxiety, particularly in terms of interaction with librarians and staff. It should be noted that the platform may have limitations such as high costs and potential side effects of virtual reality, making it more suitable as an additional tool for promoting library services, taking into account its feasibility and potential benefits for specific student populations and larger libraries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article presents an analysis of seven articles published within the International Perspectives and Initiatives regular feature series on the impact of technology on the provision of health information. The articles provide a road map of how technology is facilitating new and enhanced services for library users in seven countries: Australia, Bangladesh, China, England, Germany, Sweden and the United States. Although there are differences in how countries are implementing technological solutions, only one describes problems in leveraging technology to improve library services. Authors from the remaining six countries describe how they ensure that the 21st century library consults with its user groups and find way of using the latest applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

During the pandemic, in an effort to improve employee wellness, the Spencer S. Eccles Health Sciences Library (EHSL) launched a series of virtual wellness challenges. Participation counts toward a university-wide wellness initiative that provides a discount on the employee health care plan. Following several successful movement, mindfulness and nutrition challenges, the Wellness Committee developed a challenge centered on creative projects and community building for a change of pace. Participants engaged in creative pursuits, periodically reflected on their progress and regularly attended Craft Club meetings to connect with colleagues and friends while working on their projects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

During the COVID-19 pandemic, academic libraries saw a shift toward remote learning leading to increased dependency on electronic resources. This article explores the implications of the pandemic on electronic resource management, focusing on modifications in budget allocation, licensing, accessibility, and staffing. Drawing from a data set of 120 survey responses in 2023 in the United States, this article illustrates the challenges academic libraries faced and changes made during the pandemic. These findings reiterate the essential role of electronic resources and emphasize the need for academic libraries to continually adapt their management strategies to meet user needs in the post-pandemic era. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents the major findings from a nationwide survey about sexual and reproductive health information services in public libraries. The survey was conducted between March 3 and May 1, 2022 through an online survey. The participants were library professionals who work in public libraries. This analysis reviews data from 179 respondents from 12 states. Most survey participants believe that their library needs to increase sexual and reproductive health information services. However, findings from the survey reveal the complicated nature of providing this information, including intellectual freedom and self-censorship issues. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Library and information science has been at an infant stage in Pakistan, primarily in resource management, description, discovery, and access. The reasons are many, including the lack of interest and use of modern tools, techniques, and best practices by librarians in Pakistan. Finding a solution to these challenges requires a comprehensive study that identifies the current state of libraries in Pakistan. This paper fills this gap in the literature by reviewing the relevant literature published between 2015 and 2021 and selected through a rigorous search and selection methodology. It also analyzes the websites of 82 libraries in Pakistan through a theoretical framework based on various aspects. The findings of this study include: Libraries in Pakistan need a transition from traditional and limited solutions to more advanced information and communication technology (ICT)-enabled, user-friendly, and state-of-the-art systems to produce dynamic, consumable, and sharable knowledge space. They must adopt social semantic cataloging to bring all the stakeholders on a single platform. A libraries consortium should be developed to link users to local, multilingual, and multicultural collections for improved knowledge production, recording, sharing, acquisition, and dissemination. These findings benefit Pakistani libraries, librarians, information science professionals, and researchers in other developing countries. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study of its kind providing insights into the current state of libraries in Pakistan through the study of their websites using a rigorous theoretical framework and in the light of the latest relevant literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This project sought to better understand why course instructors request librarian involvement to teach information literacy skills. Librarians at two large institutions surveyed 29 instructors and then interviewed 11 about their experiences working with librarians, their motivations for involving librarians in their courses, and their goals for including information literacy instruction. The study found that instructors had many different levels of experience with the library. Motivations for inviting librarians to their classes included creating a support network and sharing librarian expertise with students. The researchers also discuss instructor participation in library instruction sessions, including commentary, where they reinforce points made by the librarian during class, and bookending, where they sandwich librarian involvement between preliminary or concluding remarks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

One of the core objectives of public libraries is the unrestricted provision of information resources and services to meet the information and educational needs of individuals and societies. Social media has grown very popular to become a basic component for everyday living. The aim of this study was to assess the use of social media platforms for information services provision in public libraries in Cape Town, South Africa in order to establish the opportunities and challenges. Using the technology acceptance model (TAM), the study sought to evaluate social media platform usage; ascertain the information resources/services and type of content shared on social media platforms by public libraries in Cape Town; as well as appraise the challenges and opportunities in the use of social media in public library services at the municipal public libraries. The descriptive survey research was quantitatively used to survey 102 public libraries in Cape Town. The research findings revealed that services including promotion and marketing of library services, updates on new arrivals, and live streaming of library activities were provided through social media. Policy at the libraries places a limit on social media use to a single social media platform by public librarians for official library services provision. This research adds to the scarce literature on the use of social media in public libraries in developing countries especially those in Africa where Internet penetration is still low by identifying challenges and opportunities. Library users have not been included in this study and their views of library services through social media are not captured in this report. The results by implication interpreted the TAM model by incorporating a new construct: preference of choice, informed by the study findings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic and the ensuing shutdown of the library building for several months, there was a sudden need to adjust how the Hilton C. Buley Library at Southern Connecticut State University (SCSU) delivered its services. Overnight, the library's virtual chat service went from a convenient way to reach a librarian to the primary method by which library patrons contacted the library for help. In this article, the authors will discuss what was learned during this time and how the service has been adjusted to meet user needs. Best practices and future improvements will be discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of the study was to address gaps in the use of library information resources and services among distance learners. The study followed a pragmatic paradigm and employed a mixed-method research approach with a sequential explanatory design. A questionnaire was used to elicit information from 1,170s-year distance learning students in undergraduate and postgraduate programs at the University of Education, Winneba, and the University of Cape Coast. The semi-structured interviews solicited the views of six librarians and twelve students. The data were analyzed using the SPSS program and thematic analysis. The study discovered that meeting distance learners’ information expectations are the way to address gaps in their use of library information resources and services. The study suggested that academic libraries conduct frequent service delivery reviews and student information needs assessments to identify gaps and improve services to meet students’ expectations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study investigated the self-efficacy and library service delivery of librarians in public universities in South-West, Nigeria. The survey research design was used in this study which was guided by two research questions and a hypothesis. The population for the study is one hundred and seventy-four (174) professional librarians from seventeen (17) public universities (federal and state) in South-West, Nigeria. The total enumeration method called census was used for a comprehensive coverage of the librarians in the study context. Questionnaire was the instrument for data collection. The questionnaire was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics on Statistical Package for Social Science version 25. The findings revealed that the self-efficacy of librarians was high on a scale of 4. The hypothesis testing revealed a significant and positive relationship between self-efficacy and library service delivery of librarians in public universities in South-West, Nigeria. The study concluded that self-efficacy is a predictor of library service delivery. However, the study recommended that though the level of self-efficacy among librarians in public universities in South West Nigeria was high, library service delivery should continuously be sustained through librarians having a high and positive self-efficacy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This column aims to explore the potential of big data analytics in improving library management in Indonesia and identify the challenges, opportunities, and best practices for libraries when applying big data analytics. Using of literature review of published studies, this column examines the current state of big data analytics in library management in Indonesia and provides recommendations, including a SWOT analysis, for implementing big data analytics in operations. It also highlighted several challenges such as limited resources, limited access to technology and digital literacy among librarians, and limited data security measures which could put sensitive patron data at risk. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This column describes the nature of library services and information management's role in this 21st century and examines the role of academic librarians in Nigeria. The development brought about by technology has drastically improved and facilitated the dissemination of information to users and has mandated librarians to add new roles to their mode of service to move with the trend of time and be relevant to society. The role of academic librarians in this 21st century now involves advocates, pace-setters/image makers, knowledge resources management, information technology development, user services, human resource management, resource sharing, and networking. The column concludes that academic librarians in Nigeria are now compelled to create innovative library services that will make them relevant and fit into the information management roles. Hence the column recommends that librarians need to keep abreast with the trend of the digital era by always acquiring new skills that will enable them to function effectively and efficiently. Library management should make policies and provide opportunities that will enable academic librarians to always acquire new training that will enhance library services to meet with the trends of time. Librarians are to upgrade themselves with the managerial role. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The author reflects on the strategies by public libraries in the U.S. to respond to the COVID-19 pandemic, particularly the creation of a new service model. Topics include the move by librarians to promote electronic books (ebook) and essential platforms when libraries closed due to the pandemic, the use of online platforms like Zoom and Discord to boost community engagement, and the increase in electronic resource usage during the shutdown.

In the article, the author discusses how librarians and library administrators can resolve issues on digital poverty and broadband inequality in the U.S. amidst the COVID-19 pandemic as of September 2020. Also cited are the move by libraries to offer online programs like story time and summer reading to continue providing services to their communities, and the effectiveness of curbside pick-up service in serving library users during the pandemic.

This article presents a mixed-methods study of the methods and maturity of user experience (UX) practice in academic libraries. The authors apply qualitative content analysis and quantitative statistical analysis to a research dataset derived from a survey of UX practitioners. Results reveal the type and extent of UX methods currently in use by practitioners in academic libraries. Themes extracted from the survey responses also reveal a set of factors that influence the development of UX maturity. Analysis and discussion focus on organizational characteristics that influence UX methods and maturity. The authors conclude by offering a library-focused maturity scale with recommended practices for advancing UX maturity in academic libraries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Campus portals are one of the most visible and frequently used online spaces for students, offering one-stop access to key services for learning and academic self-management. This case study reports how instruction librarians at the University of Vermont collaborated with portal developers in the registrar's office to develop high-impact, point-of-need content for a dedicated "Library" page. This content was then created in LibGuides and published using the Application Programming Interfaces (APIs) for LibGuides boxes. Initial usage data and analytics show that traffic to the libraries' portal page has been substantially and consistently higher than expected. The next phase for the project will be the creation of customized library content that is responsive to the student's user profile. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Libraries are one of our most valuable institutions. They cater to people of all demographics and provide services to patrons they wouldn't be able to get anywhere else. The list of services libraries provide is extensive and comprehensive, although unfortunately, there are significant gaps in what our services can offer, particularly those regarding technology advancement and patron privacy. Though library classes on educating patrons' privacy protection are a valiant effort, we can do so much more and lead the way, maybe not for the privacy industry but for our communities and patrons. Creating a strong foundational knowledge will help patrons leverage these new skills in their day to day lives as well as help them educate their families about common privacy issues. In this column, we'll explore some of the ways libraries can utilize their current resources as well as provide ideas on how we can maximize their effectiveness and roll new technologies into their operations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although librarians have the goal of helping patrons, one component of the librarian stereotype is that librarians are authoritarian and therefore unapproachable. The stereotype then serves as a means by which librarians become an unintended barrier to effective library use. We term this contradiction between wanting to be helpful and yet perceived as being unapproachable as the problem of the "ironic librarian." In this research, we used in-depth interviews to examine how individual reference librarians tried to resolve the problem of the ironic librarian. Respondents reported several strategies they used to make themselves more approachable and to alter patrons' expectations of librarians. Although respondents felt they were successful in enhancing their approachability, they noted that their efforts could also lead them to feel exploited by patrons. These results suggest that librarians can become more approachable and contradict the perspective that views the library as an intimidating space. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: During the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, many consumer health libraries were forced to close their doors to patrons. At the Health Information Center in Knoxville, Tennessee, the physical space closed, while health information services continued to be provided via phone and email. To examine the impact of lack of access to a physical library for consumer health information, researchers analyzed the number of health information requests pre-COVID-19 pandemic compared to during the initial phase of the pandemic. Case Presentation: Data from an internal database was collected and analyzed. Researchers divided the data into three time periods: March 2018 to February 2019 (Phase 1), March 2019 to February 2020 (Phase 2), and March 2020 to February 2021 (Phase 3). Data was de-identified and duplicate entries were removed. The type of interaction and request topics were reviewed in each phase. Conclusion: In Phase 1, there were 535 walk-ins to request health information and 555 walk-ins in Phase 2. In Phase 3, there were 40 walk-ins. The number of requests through phone and email varied but remained steady. There was a 61.56% decrease in requests between Phase 1 and Phase 3 while there was a 66.27% decrease between Phase 2 and Phase 3 due to the lack of walk-in requests. The number of phone and email requests did not increase despite the closure of the physical library space to the public. Access to the physical space plays a significant role in providing health information requests to patients and family members. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article addresses the possibility of minimizing instances of book banning, program protest, director firing, and library defunding in conservative Republican communities. The aim is to suggest ways of reducing strife while preserving the maximum possible local access to socially just public library collections and services. It begins with an exploration of the causes of the present day's seemingly irreconcilable confrontations in conservative communities over the socially just services of many public libraries. The influence of contemporary versions of the "library faith" and religiously inspired "callings" on disputes over children's books and programming is examined. Finally, the article goes beyond the library and information literature to explore the effectiveness of pre-dispute, or early dispute, informal and formal negotiations as a means of avoiding deep divisions over the role of the public library. In conservative communities and states such an approach might develop acceptable, albeit sometimes imperfect, resolutions of problems that are tolerated by both library professionals and conservative critics. In too many instances the perceived alternative to negotiation is likely to be a public library caught up in censorship clashes with unpredictable results for socially just service. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Resource sharing and networking are among the noticeable phenomenon which have not been given necessary attention it deserves as a result of which most libraries are not meeting the information needs and services of their users as at when due. This paper highlights evolving networking and resource sharing among academic libraries in Nigeria. It was discovered that most of the library in developing countries are faced with the precarious issue of non-availability of qualitative services to their numerous library users due to inadequate budget allocation for library, uncooperative or inept attitude of most libraries professionals. Hence, in an effort to curb this perennial crisis, resource sharing and networking between the different libraries came into limelight. The relevance of resource sharing and networking were discussed vis a vis different types of resources that can be shared. The impact of ICT on resource sharing and networking was also stressed and myriads of challenges encountered during the process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article offers information on the role and importance of public libraries as institutions that provide access to knowledge, information, and works of the imagination to all members of the community. Topics include the historical development and positioning of public libraries at the crossroads of educational, cultural, and ideological interests, the role of librarians as knowledge managers, and the support of user education as a primary role of public libraries.

Background: As social media tools spread across every aspect of human life, academic librarians were apt to be their early adopters to boost the service provision in academic libraries. Objective: Guided by Technology Acceptance Model, this article examined a variety of social media tools used by academic librarians; usage and usefulness of social media; organisational support provided to academic librarians to use social media; and the factors that impede usage of social media in academic libraries. Methodology: This article employed a qualitative research methodology through semi-structured interviews with 10 purposively selected academic librarians attached to the University of Limpopo library. Results: The results showed that respondents were mostly familiar with WhatsApp, Facebook, Twitter and Instagram, which they used in their personal capacity. However, in their work environment, they utilised the library blog and Facebook to market and promote library services and to liaise with their users in schools or faculties. Restrictions of access to social media platforms during working hours, lack of skills, own social media policy and management support in the form of training were found to be factors that impede social media usage by academic librarians. Conclusion: Social media have a great deal of potential to contribute immensely towards the delivery of information services in academic libraries, though they are neglected. Contribution: Incorporation of social media in library work environment requires social media policies and subject librarians to be well equipped with different kinds of social media platforms for the advantage of academic libraries and their users. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article considers the role of teaching and learning departments within academic libraries and how they may differ from reference and instruction departments. The author used website analysis to profile and compare the two types of departments across multiple institutions. Initial findings indicate that the two have several roles in common, but that teaching and learning departments tend to be smaller and more likely consist primarily of functional specialists rather than subject specialists. The findings provide insight into several issues relevant to academic libraries, including how library organizational structures may be changing to support the evolving needs of their institutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Academic libraries are fundamental in promoting equitable access to education but are often overlooked and underfunded. The COVID-19 pandemic amplified these inequities. This study investigates how 39 library deans and directors perceived decision-making by university administration during COVID-19's onset. Open-ended survey questions were sent to deans and directors asking them to describe their experiences working with university administration to adjust library services during the crisis. Some library leaders reported that working closely with other departments strengthened their campus connections. Others commented that disagreement between library personnel and university administration caused discord. Some deans and directors were forced to cut staff funding or felt pressured to reopen, while others were trusted to choose their budget and service priorities. The authors recommend that library leaders be more consistently relied upon for their expertise during university decision-making. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article is an update to a previous article on the online embedded librarian program at Athens State University. It examines the nature of embedded librarianship at Athens State University and how it has grown and evolved over the past fifteen years. The authors review the literature and provide definitions and best practices associated with embedded librarianship as well as various levels of embedded librarian involvement. They also provide suggestions for those involved in embedded librarianship. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Our nation's military veterans share a connection through their service, making them a distinctive community with unique information requirements. Community-based solutions are crucial to meet veterans where they are, and libraries of all types are in a position to help. In recognition of this, the Institute of Museum and Library Services (IMLS) awarded a grant to Texas A&M University, which held a forum attended by 250 librarians from across the United States. The discussions covered how veterans are currently being engaged, what services and programs are working, and where improvements could be made. Toolkit committees were then formed to brainstorm service and program ideas for veterans that can be utilized in various library settings, including medical facilities. These toolkits were uploaded to a freely available repository so that librarians can use and adapt these resources to develop their own veteran-oriented programming. Results from this collaboration among librarians have led to new connections, friendships being formed, and the generation of even more creative solutions to reach veteran populations. While considerations such as respecting copyright and dealing with grant funding appropriations are present, this should not keep librarians from utilizing these resources. This project is meant to be an ongoing and evolving effort. New ideas and collaborations are not just welcomed but encouraged to best serve these veterans who have so selflessly sacrificed for their country. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

What are the ways in which library-provided bibliometric services add value to the research enterprise? Tasked with developing a program to assess and improve research impact services at Indiana University Bloomington, the open scholarship librarian launched a research impact offering in fall 2019, with positive results. Research impact services help faculty see the full significance of their work, equip them with tools to demonstrate and advocate for the value of their scholarship, and often provide unexpected insights. Bibliometric analysis can also benefit library units, particularly in supporting administrative decision-making in interactions with publishers and in seeing publishing trends to make collection management decisions. Service development in this area has the potential to deepen library engagement with the campus community. It might also promote collaboration between librarians in functional roles and those who serve as subject specialists. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Busy health-care professionals have a duty to apply the evidence base to practice and decision-making. Health-care knowledge and library specialists have the skills to provide efficient and effective evidence searches. To identify the advantages and cost benefits associated with knowledge and library specialists undertaking evidence searches on behalf of health-care professionals, evidence from a literature review was combined with impact case studies of evidence searches in NHS Knowledge and Library Services, identifying time savings and cost benefits. The cost-effectiveness ratio for knowledge specialists delivering evidence searching services was identified as 1:3.85 with the current net benefit to the NHS in England estimated at £37 million (42 million U.S. dollars). A range of additional benefits are also generated through using knowledge and library specialists. Greater investment in these specialists would ensure accelerated access to better quality evidence and maximum benefit across health-care systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The overarching aim of this article is to consider to what extent the perceptions of librarians in Denmark, Germany, Hungary, Iceland, Norway, Poland and Sweden reflect a unified view of their professional role and the role of their institutions in supporting the formation of the public sphere and to what extent the variations reflect national contexts. Design/methodology/approach: The multi-country comparison is based on online questionnaires. The central research questions are how do librarians legitimize the use of public resources to uphold a public library service? How do librarians perceive the role of public libraries as public spaces? How do librarians perceive their professional role and the competencies needed for it? Consideration is given to how the digital and social turns are reflected in the responses. Findings: The results show evidence of a unified professional culture with clear influences from national contexts. A key finding is that librarians see giving access as central for both legitimizing library services and for the library's role as a public sphere institution. Strong support is shown for the social turn in supporting the formation of the public sphere while the digital turn appears to be a future challenge; one of seemingly increased importance due to the pandemic. Research limitations/implications: This study shows that libraries across the seven countries have expanded beyond simply providing public access to their book-based collections and now serve as social, learning and creative spaces: both in the physical library and digitally. Qualitative research is needed concerning librarians' notions of public libraries and librarianship, which will provide a more in-depth understanding of the changing professional responsibilities and how public libraries recruit the associated competencies. Originality/value: The article provides a much needed insight into how librarians perceive the role of public libraries in supporting the formation of the public sphere and democratic processes, as well as their own role. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study discussed challenges facing the Tanzania National Central Library (TNCL) in providing information services to prisoners. Data were collected using a structured interview and standardized questionnaire that were administered to 41 librarians. Face to Face interview was conducted with the Library Director and two Heads of Departments who were purposefully selected. Each interview lasted between 30 and 40 minutes. All 41 TNCL employees were included in the sample of the study. The quantitative data outputs were presented in the form of descriptive statistics, mainly in tabular form while qualitative data, which were subjected to content analysis were presented mainly in a narrative form. The findings indicated that TNCL uses various sources to disseminate information to prisoners. Moreover, they also indicated that TNCL faces several challenges including inadequate funds, poor infrasture systems, restrictive prison policies and lack of library buildings which is deterring provision of information services to prisoners. The study recommended that all of the raised challenges should be solved to facilitate information provision services to prisoners. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For many librarians, searching the literature, assisting with research projects, and providing publication support are important roles. With those roles comes the arduous task of obtaining needed information in multiple databases. Dimensions attempt to simplify the process by linking needed information into one database. A comprehensive database, Dimensions indexes publications, data sets, grants, patents, clinical trials, and policy documents. Author profiles are also included, enabling one to search by author, institution, or subject. This review examines Dimensions and assesses whether the product would be useful to librarians. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A theoretical framework can offer an important means for understanding and delineating the complex issues of copyright law and its ramifications facing researchers and academic libraries. This study draws lessons from the literature on how copyright theories can inform practice in libraries. It describes strengths and weaknesses in each of the current theories, with none providing the needed philosophical clarity to address all stakeholder concerns. Promoting copyright literacy on campus and instituting such measures as classroom guidelines, a copyright compliance policy, a cross-departmental team to manage copyright, and library websites that address copyright issues may ease the frustrations in copyright practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Móstoles University Hospital Library in Madrid, Spain, conducts a yearly survey to determine user satisfaction with its support for caring, teaching and research endeavors. In 2020 the yearly questionnaire also contained items on the new services introduced by the library to help users deal with the effects of the health crisis faced by the hospital. The results revealed that the library continued to be among staff's most highly esteemed providers of high quality information. Librarians have been key players in a time of uncertainty, enabling healthcare professionals to find the information needed during a scenario in which decisions could not be adopted lightly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Since 2006, the University of Tennessee's Preston Medical Library has collected survey feedback from exiting residents through targeted emails or at the required exit process in the library. Questions ask residents which types of articles or sources they use to find information and address the resident's use of the library's physical space. Survey results from 2006 to 2021 were examined for trends and changes in resident utilization of resources to better inform future library decisions on instruction and marketing. Resident resource usage varied over time and demonstrated an encouraging increase in attention to evidence-based tools. UpToDate's consistent popularity shows the durability of the product. A reported increase in use of reviews, randomized controlled trials, case reports, and practice guidelines reflects greater employment of more in-depth resources than merely expert opinion. At the same time, residents clearly valued the library's physical space. Survey results will inform future outreach focus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This manuscript describes the ongoing efforts to meet ever-changing patron needs by modernizing operations, infrastructure, workforce, and customer service at the National Library of Medicine (NLM). Charged with collecting, organizing, preserving, and disseminating biomedical and life sciences information to the public, the NLM constantly adapts to evolving technologies and scientific advancements in order to better fulfill its mission. Historical context and an overview of operational decision-making offer a window into the workings of our nation's medical library. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The pandemic affected all aspects of daily life, including how library reference services are provided. This case study reviews and analyzes the sudden changes in the training and responsibilities of student research consultants (SRCs) who had to switch from in-person to online reference services. The university library at Cal State LA uses a peer-research model with SRCs providing the first tier of reference interactions. In this study, we examined the number and the duration of reference transactions, the READ Scale distribution, usage of reference services, and the ratings of the reference service during the pre-COVID and COVID periods. In fall 2020, study results showed an overall decline of reference interactions with changes in duration, READ Scale distribution, and researcher type. We hope other libraries can learn from our experiences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]