Author: "H, Arai" / Topic: humans - Searchworks@Jio Institute Digital Library Search Results

292 results on '"H, Arai"'

1. Study Protocol of a Comprehensive Activity Promotion

Author: H. Shimada, S. Lee, K. Harada, S. Bae, K. Makino, I. Chiba, O. Katayama, and H. Arai
Subjects: Research Design, geriatric medicine, protocols and guidelines, Humans, Dementia, Smartphone, Neuropsychological Tests, preventive medicine, Exercise, Aged, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Original Research
Abstract: Background Several technical devices are available to monitor and promote changes in behavior toward higher activity. In particular, smartphones are becoming the primary platform for recognizing human activity. However, the effects of behavior change techniques that promote physical, cognitive, and social activities on incident dementia in older adults remain unknown. Objectives This randomized controlled trial aims to examine the effects of behavior change techniques on the prevention of dementia among community-dwelling older adults using a smartphone as a behavior change tool. Design A randomized controlled trial. Setting Community in Japan. Participants The study cohort comprises 3,498 individuals, aged ≥60 years, randomized into two groups: the smartphone group (n = 1,749) and the control group (n = 1,749). Intervention. The smartphone group will be asked to use smartphone applications for at least 30 minutes daily to self-manage and improve their physical, cognitive, and social activities. The smartphone group will perform 60-minute group walking sessions using application-linked Nordic walking poles with cognitive stimulation twice a week during the intervention period. The walking poles are a dual-task exercise tool that works with a smartphone to perform cognitive tasks while walking, and the poles are equipped with switches to answer questions for simple calculation and memory tasks. The smartphone and control groups will receive lectures about general health that will be provided during the baseline and follow-up assessments. Measurements Incident dementia will be detected using cognitive tests (at baseline, after 15 months, and after 30 months) and by preparing diagnostic monthly reports based on data from the Japanese Health Insurance System. Participants without dementia at baseline who will be diagnosed with dementia over the 30-month follow-up period will be considered to have incident dementia. Conclusions This study has the potential to provide the first evidence of the effectiveness of information communication technology and Internet of Things in incident dementia. If our trial results show a delayed dementia onset for self-determination interventions, the study protocol will provide a cost-effective and safe method for maintaining healthy cognitive aging.
Published: 2022

2. Impact of Frailty on Dietary Habits among Community-Dwelling Older Persons during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Japan

Author: Shosuke Satake, H. Arai, and K. Kinoshita
Subjects: Male, social isolation, Disease, Logistic regression, self-isolation, Japan, Weight loss, Pandemic, Medicine, Humans, Social isolation, Geriatric Assessment, Pandemics, Original Research, Aged, 80 and over, Frailty, business.industry, SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19, General Medicine, Odds ratio, Feeding Behavior, Frail elderly, Confidence interval, Social relation, aged, Cross-Sectional Studies, nutrition, Female, Independent Living, medicine.symptom, business, Demography
Abstract: Background: The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has resulted in reduced physical activity and social interaction. These restrictions may have affected the food intake habits of frail older people more than non-frail older people. Objectives: To investigate the association between frailty and change in dietary habit during the pandemic. Design: Cross-sectional mail survey Setting: Community-based Participants: The study questionnaire was mailed to 4,436 older residents of Higashiura, Aich Japan, who were aged ≥75 years and who did not need care as of April 1, 2020. Of these, 2,738 participants provided complete answers to the questionnaires (75–96 years old, 49.3% males). Measurements: The participants’ frailty status and changes in food consumption during social isolation were assessed. Frailty status was assessed using the five-item frailty screening index (i.e., weight loss, low physical function, low physical activity, cognition, and exhaustion). Any participant who reported an increase or a decrease in ≥1 of the 12 food categories was defined as having change in dietary habit. Using multivariate logistic regression analysis, the odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of frailty for changes in diet were estimated by adjusting for age, sex, BMI, and living alone. In each of the 12 food categories, the proportion of participants with increased and decreased food intake was compared between the groups. Results: Among the participants, 470 (17.2%) were frail, and 1,097 (40.1%) experienced a change in dietary habit under social restriction. The adjusted OR (95% CI) of the frail group for a change in dietary habit was 2.01 (1.63–2.47, p
Published: 2021

3. Physical Frailty and Hemoglobin-to-Red Cell Distribution Width Ratio in Japanese Older Outpatients

Author: K. Kinoshita, S. Satake, K. Murotani, M. Takemura, Y. Matsui, and H. Arai
Subjects: Erythrocyte Indices, Hemoglobins, Frailty, Japan, Frail Elderly, Outpatients, Humans, General Medicine, Biomarkers, Aged
Abstract: The Frailty screening should be widely performed; however, simple and inexpensive biomarkers are missing. Biomarkers that can be routinely assessed in many patients are desirable. Recently, the hemoglobin-to-red cell distribution width ratio (Hb/RDW, HRR) has been suggested as a new prognostic marker and has been reported to be associated with inflammation, one of the factors contributing to frailty. Therefore, we aimed to address the role of HRR in frailty among 557 older outpatients (aged 65-96 years). Frailty was assessed using the Japanese version of the Cardiovascular Health Study criteria, and HRR was calculated from clinical records. Participants were classified into five groups based on a sex-stratified quintile of HRR (Q1-Q5). Of the participants, 20.3% were frail. Using multiple logistic regression models with the Q5 group as a reference, after adjusting for sex, age, body mass index, polypharmacy, pre-orthopedic surgery, and the use of iron medications, the multivariable-adjusted odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) of the Q4 to Q1 groups were 0.92 (0.58-1.47), 1.04 (0.67-1.61), 1.29 (0.84-1.96), and 1.85 (1.22-2.82), respectively, indicating that a lower HRR was significantly associated with frailty. The robustness of these results was also shown in the multiple imputation analysis. The results suggest that HRR measurement may be one of the indicators to identify frail older adults in routine practice.
Published: 2022

4. The Japan-Multimodal Intervention Trial for Prevention of Dementia (J-MINT): The Study Protocol for an 18-Month, Multicenter, Randomized, Controlled Trial

Author: T. Sugimoto, T. Sakurai, H. Akatsu, T. Doi, Y. Fujiwara, A. Hirakawa, F. Kinoshita, M. Kuzuya, S. Lee, K. Matsuo, M. Michikawa, S. Ogawa, R. Otsuka, K. Sato, H. Shimada, H. Suzuki, H. Takechi, S. Takeda, H. Umegaki, S. Wakayama, and H. Arai
Subjects: Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Activities of daily living, Psychological intervention, Cognitive decline, Neuropsychological Tests, Prevention of dementia, law.invention, multidomain intervention, cognitive training, Cognition, Japan, Randomized controlled trial, Risk Factors, law, physical exercise, Activities of Daily Living, medicine, Humans, Dementia, Cognitive Dysfunction, Exercise, Geriatric Assessment, Aged, Original Research, Aged, 80 and over, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Neuropsychological test, medicine.disease, Cognitive training, Nutrition Assessment, nutrition, Physical therapy, Female, business
Abstract: Background/Objectives The Japan-multimodal intervention trial for prevention of dementia (J-MINT) is intended to verify the effectiveness of multi-domain interventions and to clarify the mechanism of cognitive improvement and deterioration by carrying out assessment of dementia-related biomarkers, omics analysis and brain imaging analysis among older adults at high risk of dementia. Moreover, the J-MINT trial collaborates with partnering private enterprises in the implementation of relevant interventional measures. This manuscript describes the study protocol. Design/Setting Eighteen-month, multi-centered, randomized controlled trial. Participants We plan to recruit 500 older adults aged 65–85 years with mild cognitive impairment. Subjects will be centrally randomized into intervention and control groups at a 1:1 allocation ratio using the dynamic allocation method with all subjects stratified by age, sex, and cognition. Intervention The multi-domain intervention program includes: (1) management of vascular risk factors; (2) group-based physical exercise and self-monitoring of physical activity; (3) nutritional counseling; and (4) cognitive training. Health-related information will be provided to the control group every two months. Measurements The primary and secondary outcomes will be assessed at baseline, 6-, 12-, and 18-month follow-up. The primary outcome is the change from baseline to 18 months in a global composite score combining several neuropsychological domains. Secondary outcomes include: cognitive change in each neuropsychological test, incident dementia, changes in blood and dementia-related biomarkers, changes in geriatric assessment including activities of daily living, frailty status and neuroimaging, and number of medications taken. Conclusions This trial that enlist the support of private enterprises will lead to the creation of new services for dementia prevention as well as to verify the effectiveness of multi-domain interventions for dementia prevention. Electronic Supplementary Material Supplementary material is available for this article at 10.14283/jpad.2021.29 and is accessible for authorized users.
Published: 2021

5. Tolvaptan reduces the required amount of albumin infusion in patients with decompensated cirrhosis with uncontrolled ascites : a multicenter retrospective propensity score-matched cohort study

Author: T Ueno, Toshio Uraoka, Hitoshi Takagi, M Namikawa, H. Suzuki, D Takizawa, Yuichi Yamazaki, H Arai, A. Naganuma, Ken Sato, Yutaka Suzuki, Satoru Kakizaki, T Hatanaka, T. Hoshino, and Hiroki Tojima
Subjects: Liver Cirrhosis, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Cirrhosis, Serum albumin, Tolvaptan, Gastroenterology, Cohort Studies, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0302 clinical medicine, Albumins, Internal medicine, Ascites, medicine, Paracentesis, Humans, Propensity Score, Aged, Retrospective Studies, Creatinine, biology, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Liver Neoplasms, Albumin, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, chemistry, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Hepatocellular carcinoma, biology.protein, 030211 gastroenterology & hepatology, medicine.symptom, business, medicine.drug
Abstract: Background : The aim of this retrospective study was to determine whether tolvaptan treatment reduces the amount of albumin administered, volume of ascites removed, and frequency of paracentesis procedures in patients with decompensated cirrhosis with uncontrolled ascites with conventional diuretics. Patients and methods : The control (C) group included patients treated with conventional diuretics. The tolvaptan (T) group included patients treated with both tolvaptan and conventional diuretics. Both groups were matched according to baseline parameters. The amount of albumin administered, volume of ascites removed, and frequency of paracentesis within 30 days of onset of uncontrolled ascites were compared between the two groups. Results : After matching, 74 patients (C=37, T=37) were included. Baseline parameters (C vs. T group) were as follows : age, 69.5 ± 9.3 vs. 70.4 ± 11.0 years (p = 0.702) ; males, 24 (64.9%) vs. 25 (67.6%) (p = 0.999) ; patients with hepatocellular carcinoma, 17 (45.9%) vs. 18 (48.6%) (p = 0.999) ; serum albumin levels at treatment initiation, 2.76 ± 0.48 vs. 2.73 ± 0.49 g/dL (p = 0.773), and serum creatinine levels at treatment initiation, 1.18 ± 1.23 vs. 1.09 ± 0.48 g/dL (p = 0.679). In the C vs. T groups, respectively, mean amount of albumin administered was 51.0 ± 31.4 vs. 33.4 ± 29.8 g/month (p = 0.016) ; mean volume of ascites removed was 2,905 ± 4,921 vs. 1,824 ± 3,185 mL/month (p = 0.266) ; and mean frequency of paracentesis was 0.92 ± 1.46 vs. 0.89 ± 1.45 procedures (p = 0.937). Conclusions : Tolvaptan reduced the use of albumin infusion in patients with decompensated cirrhosis and was effective and acceptable for uncontrolled ascites.
Published: 2021

6. The Design and Rationale of a Phase 2b, Randomized, Double-Blinded, and Placebo-Controlled Trial to Evaluate the Safety and Efficacy of Lomecel-B in Older Adults with Frailty

Author: K. Yousefi, K.N. Ramdas, J.G. Ruiz, J. Walston, H. Arai, E. Volpi, A.B. Newman, C. Wang, B. Hitchinson, L. McClain-Moss, L. Diaz, G.A. Green, J.M. Hare, and A.A. Oliva
Subjects: Treatment Outcome, Double-Blind Method, Frailty, SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19, Humans, General Medicine, Biomarkers, Aged
Abstract: Background: Frailty in older adults is a rapidly growing unmet medical need. It is an aging-related syndrome characterized by physical decline leading to higher risk of adverse health outcomes. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the efficacy of Lomecel-B, an allogeneic medicinal signaling cell (MSC) formulation, in older adults with frailty. DESIGN: This multicenter, randomized, parallel-arm, double-blinded, and placebo-controlled phase 2b trial is designed to evaluate dose-range effects of Lomecel-B for frailty on physical functioning, patient-reported outcomes (PROs), frailty status, and biomarkers. SETTING: Eight enrolling clinical research centers, including the Miami Veterans Affairs Medical Center. PARTICIPANTS: Target enrollment is 150 subjects aged 70-85 years of any race, ethnicity, or gender. Enrollment criteria include a Clinical Frailty Score of 5 (“mild”) or 6 (“moderate”), a 6MWT of 200-400 m, and serum tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) ≥2.5 pg/mL. INTERVENTION: A single intravenous infusion of Lomecel-B (25, 50, 100, or 200 million cells) or placebo (N=30/arm). Patients are followed for 365 days for safety, and the efficacy assessments performed at 90, 180, and 270 days. MEASUREMENTS: The primary endpoint is change in 6MWT in the Lomecel-B-treated arms versus placebo at 180 days post-infusion. Secondary and exploratory endpoints include change in: 6MWT and other physical function measures at all time points; PROs; frailty status; cognitive status; and an inflammatory biomarkers panel. A pre-specified sub-study examines vascular/endothelial biomarkers. Safety is evaluated throughout the trial. RESULTS: The trial is conducted under a Food and Drug Administration Investigational New Drug (IND), with Institutional Review Board approval, and monitoring by an NIH-appointed independent Data Safety Monitoring Board. CONCLUSION: This clinical trial investigates the use of a regenerative medicine strategy for frailty in older adults. The results will further the understanding of the potential for Lomecel-B in the geriatric condition of frailty.
Published: 2022

7. Low Amino Acid Score of Breakfast is Associated with the Incidence of Cognitive Impairment in Older Japanese Adults: A Community-Based Longitudinal Study

Author: Takada Michihiro, H. Jinzu, A. Imaizumi, Yukiko Nishita, Hiroshi Shimokata, Kaori Kinoshita, H. Arai, Chikako Tange, Masafumi Kuzuya, Masako Tsukamoto-Yasui, Makiko Tomida, and Rei Otsuka
Subjects: Male, Meal, medicine.medical_specialty, Longitudinal study, business.industry, Incidence (epidemiology), Incidence, digestive, oral, and skin physiology, Odds ratio, Logistic regression, Confidence interval, Japan, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, Cognitive Dysfunction, Female, Longitudinal Studies, Amino Acids, business, Body mass index, Protein quality, Aged, Breakfast
Abstract: Background: The protein digestibility-corrected amino acid score (PDCAAS) represents the degree of utilizable dietary protein, namely the protein quality. The PDCAAS of a diet is required to be evaluated on a meal-by-meal basis, as food digestion and absorption occur with each meal intake. Although a positive association between protein intake and cognitive function has been reported, no study has investigated the association between PDCAAS of a diet and cognitive function. Objectives: To investigate the relationship between PDCAAS of a diet and cognitive impairment in older adults. Design: Longitudinal epidemiological study Setting: Community-based setting Participants: We analyzed 541 community-dwellers who participated in both baseline and follow-up survey. They were 60–83 years of age without cognitive impairment at baseline. Measurements: Cognitive impairment was defined as a Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score ≤27. Individual PDCAASs were calculated for each of three regular meals from the 3-day dietary records at baseline. Participants were classified into two groups according to the sex-specific tertiles (T1–T3) of the PDCAAS for each meal (i.e., T1 as the low score group and T2–T3 as the medium and high score group). The dependent variable was cognitive impairment observed after 4 years, and the explanatory variables were the PDCAAS groups for each meal (the medium and high group as the reference) and covariates (sex, age, body mass index, education, depressive symptoms, medical history, protein intake at each meal, and the MMSE score at baseline). Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to evaluate the low PDCAAS group for cognitive impairment after 4 years. Results: A significant association was observed only between a low PDCAAS of breakfast and the incidence of cognitive impairment (the adjusted odds ratios [95% confidence intervals] of low PDCAAS for cognitive impairment for breakfast, lunch, and dinner were 1.58 [1.00–2.50], 0.85 [0.54–1.34], and 1.08 [0.71–1.65], respectively). Conclusion: A lower PDCAAS of breakfast, i.e., a diet with poor quality of protein, was associated with the incidence of cognitive impairment in older adults of the community.
Published: 2022

8. Relationship between Serum Fatty Acids and Components of Physical Frailty in Community-Dwelling Japanese Older Adults

Author: K, Kinoshita, R, Otsuka, C, Tange, Y, Nishita, M, Tomida, F, Ando, H, Shimokata, and H, Arai
Subjects: Cross-Sectional Studies, Frailty, Japan, Frail Elderly, Fatty Acids, Humans, Independent Living, Aged
Abstract: Polyunsaturated fatty acids help maintain insulin sensitivity, mitochondrial function, and anti-inflammation. It is well known that deterioration in these areas can cause frailty. However, little is known about the differences in serum polyunsaturated fatty acid levels among frailty components. We investigated the cross-sectional relationship between frailty and serum fatty acids in 1,033 community-dwelling older adults aged 60-88 years. Polyunsaturated fatty acid concentrations were measured from fasting blood samples. The modified phenotype criteria defined frailty. Polyunsaturated fatty acid levels were compared among each component using general linear modeling after controlling for sex, age, body mass index, smoking status, household income, and medical history. Lower polyunsaturated fatty acid levels were associated with the modified frailty criteria, including shrinking and weakness (p0.05). Our findings suggest that serum polyunsaturated fatty acid levels differ depending on the frailty status of older adults.
Published: 2021

9. A change in the timing for starting systemic therapies for hepatocellular carcinoma: the comparison of sorafenib and lenvatinib as the first-line treatment

Author: T Ueno, T Hatanaka, D Takizawa, Ken Sato, M Namikawa, Toshio Uraoka, Hiroki Tojima, T. Nagashima, Norifumi Harimoto, H Arai, Satoru Kakizaki, A. Naganuma, and Ken Shirabe
Subjects: Oncology, Sorafenib, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Carcinoma, Hepatocellular, Antineoplastic Agents, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0302 clinical medicine, Interquartile range, Internal medicine, Statistical significance, medicine, Humans, Objective response, Aged, Retrospective Studies, business.industry, Phenylurea Compounds, Liver Neoplasms, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, digestive system diseases, First line treatment, Multicenter study, chemistry, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Hepatocellular carcinoma, Quinolines, 030211 gastroenterology & hepatology, business, Lenvatinib, medicine.drug
Abstract: Aim : The aim of this retrospective multicenter study was to evaluate the differences in the timing for starting systemic therapies as the first-line treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods : A total of 375 patients with HCC treated with sorafenib from May 2009 to March 2018 and 56 patients treated with lenvatinib from March 2018 to November 2018 at our affiliated hospitals were included in this study. Results : The median ages of the sorafenib and lenvatinib groups were 71.0 (interquartile range [IQR] : 64.0-77.0) and 73.5 (IQR : 68.0 -80.0) years old, and 300 (80.0%) and 42 (75.0%) patients were men, respectively. The Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer stage was early, intermediate and advanced in 39 patients (10.4%), 133 patients (35.5%) and 203 patients (54.1%) in the sorafenib group and 1 patient (1.8%), 17 patients (30.4%) and 38 patients (67.9%)in the lenvatinib group, respectively. In the analysis of intermediate HCC, patients who satisfied the criteria of TACE failure/refractoriness(P=0.017), those with ALBI grade 1 (P=0.040), and those with a serum AFP level
Published: 2021

10. Psoriasis associated with ACE inhibitors: an analysis of the FAERS database

Author: K, Ohyama, H, Arai, M, Sugiura, and Y, Hori
Subjects: Adult, Male, Young Adult, Databases, Factual, United States Food and Drug Administration, Adverse Drug Reaction Reporting Systems, Humans, Psoriasis, Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors, Female, Middle Aged, United States, Aged
Abstract: Many case reports have been published concerning the development or exacerbation of psoriasis after administration of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors. The aim of the present study was to investigate the association between psoriasis and ACE inhibitors using the US Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) data. After excluding patients with psoriasis-related primary diseases, the association of psoriasis with 14 ACE inhibitors was examined using disproportional analyses reporting odds ratio (ROR) and information component (IC). Signals were detected for all 14 ACE inhibitors combined (ROR: 1.25, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.14-1.37; IC: 0.31, 95% CI: 0.17-0.44) and individually for lisinopril (ROR: 1.20, 95% CI: 1.05-1.37; IC: 0.25, 95% CI: 0.06-0.45), perindopril (ROR: 1.86, 95% CI: 1.38-2.52; IC: 0.86, 95% CI: 0.43-1.30), and ramipril (ROR: 1.63, 95% CI: 1.36-1.96; IC: 0.69, 95% CI: 0.42-0.96). ACE inhibitors are widely used in patients with hypertension, heart failure, and diabetes mellitus, which are considered comorbidities of psoriasis. Our results suggest that the involvement of ACE inhibitors should be considered in patients on ACE inhibitor therapy who have developed (or show exacerbated) psoriasis.
Published: 2020

11. Screening for and Managing the Person with Frailty in Primary Care: ICFSR Consensus Guidelines

Author: J. G. Ruiz, E. Dent, John E. Morley, R. A. Merchant, J. Beilby, J. Beard, C. Tripathy, M. Sorin, S. Andrieu, I. Aprahamian, H. Arai, M. Aubertin-Leheudre, J. M. Bauer, M. Cesari, L.-K. Chen, A. J. Cruz-Jentoft, P. De Souto Barreto, B. Dong, L. Ferrucci, R. Fielding, L. Flicker, J. Lundy, J. Y. Reginster, L. Rodriguez-Mañas, Y. Rolland, A. M. Sanford, A. J. Sinclair, J. Viña, D. L. Waters, C. Won Won, J. Woo, and B. Vellas
Subjects: Consensus, Frail Elderly, Medicine (miscellaneous), Guidelines as Topic, FOS: Health sciences, Article, primary care, Humans, Mass Screening, 111702 Aged Health Care, Geriatric Assessment, FUNCTIONAL DECLINE, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Nutrition and Dietetics, VIGOROUS PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY, Primary Health Care, Frailty, MORTALITY, DISABILITY, aging, SEDENTARY BEHAVIOR, ADULTS, Middle Aged, VULNERABLE ELDERS, DWELLING OLDER-PEOPLE, HEALTH-CARE, PREDICTS OUTCOMES, Geriatrics and Gerontology
Abstract: Frailty is now a well-recognized and common syndrome among older persons. Frailty is a syndrome which increases the risk of an older person to develop disability or to die when exposed either to physical or psychosocial stressors. Although frailty, disability and multimorbidity often coexist and interact, they are distinct and separate concepts. Growing evidence suggests that each of these interrelated conditions is preventable and their associated complications manageable. However, early identification is imperative as once disability and multimorbidity occur, frailty in less likely to be prevented or reversed. As such it should be distinguished from persons with disability in their activities of daily living. The conditions leading to the frailty syndrome should have some degree of reversibility, thus distinguishing it from multimorbidity. Recently, the International Conference of Frailty and Sarcopenia Research (ICFSR) formulated evidence-based guidelines for the identification and management of physical frailty. Physical frailty was originally defined and validated by Fried et al. This definition included measurements of low activity level, slowness of walking, muscle weakness, exhaustion and weight loss. This approach differs from that of Rockwood and Mitnitski which used the number of “deficits” (signs, symptoms, clinical conditions) to determine a frailty index. Primary care represents the entry point into the health care system for many older adults who may be pre-frail and frail. A shortage of geriatricians and the higher frequency of frailty in community settings call for primary care clinicians (general practitioners, generalists, family physicians) to increasingly assess and manage older adults at risk for frailty or who are already frail.The purpose of this paper is to suggest practical frailty screening and management strategies in primary care settings. We will also discuss the characteristics of these instruments and their applicability to primary care. For the sake of consistency hereafter, we will refer to clinicians delivering primary care as primary care providers.
Published: 2020
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12. Risk profiles and one-year outcomes of patients with newly diagnosed atrial fibrillation in India: Insights from the GARFIELD-AF Registry

Author: Jitendra PS. Sawhney, Veerappa A. Kothiwale, Vikas Bisne, Rajashekhar Durgaprasad, Praveen Jadhav, Manoj Chopda, Velam Vanajakshamma, Ramdhan Meena, Govindan Vijayaraghavan, Kamaldeep Chawla, Jagan Allu, Karen S. Pieper, A. John Camm, Ajay K. Kakkar, Jean-Pierre Bassand, David A. Fitzmaurice, Samuel Z. Goldhaber, Shinya Goto, Sylvia Haas, Werner Hacke, Lorenzo G. Mantovani, Frank Misselwitz, Alexander G.G. Turpie, Martin van Eickels, Freek W.A. Verheugt, Gloria Kayani, Keith A.A. Fox, Bernard J. Gersh, Hector Lucas Luciardi, Harry Gibbs, Marianne Brodmann, Frank Cools, Antonio Carlos Pereira Barretto, Stuart J. Connolly, Alex Spyropoulos, John Eikelboom, Ramon Corbalan, Dayi Hu, Petr Jansky, Jørn Dalsgaard Nielsen, Hany Ragy, Pekka Raatikainen, Jean-Yves Le Heuzey, Harald Darius, Matyas Keltai, Sanjay Kakkar, Jitendra Pal Singh Sawhney, Giancarlo Agnelli, Giuseppe Ambrosio, Yukihiro Koretsune, Carlos Jerjes Sánchez Díaz, Hugo Ten Cate, Dan Atar, Janina Stepinska, Elizaveta Panchenko, Toon Wei Lim, Barry Jacobson, Seil Oh, Xavier Viñolas, Marten Rosenqvist, Jan Steffel, Pantep Angchaisuksiri, Ali Oto, Alex Parkhomenko, Wael Al Mahmeed, David Fitzmaurice, D.Y. Hu, K.N. Chen, Y.S. Zhao, H.Q. Zhang, J.Z. Chen, S.P. Cao, D.W. Wang, Y.J. Yang, W.H. Li, Y.H. Yin, G.Z. Tao, P. Yang, Y.M. Chen, S.H. He, Ying Wang, Yong Wang, G.S. Fu, X. Li, T.G. Wu, X.S. Cheng, X.W. Yan, R.P. Zhao, M.S. Chen, L.G. Xiong, P. Chen, Y. Jiao, Y. Guo, L. Xue, F.Z. Wang, H. Li, Z.M. Yang, C.L. Bai, J. Chen, J.Y. Chen, X. Chen, S. Feng, Q.H. Fu, X.J. Gao, W.N. Guo, R.H. He, X.A. He, X.S. Hu, X.F. Huang, B. Li, J. Li, L. 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Naik, K. Prashanth, M. Rao, N.M. Rao, N. Sadhu, D. Shah, M. Sharma, P. Shiva, S. Singhal, S. Suresh, V. Vanajakshamma, S.G. Panse, Y. Koretsune, S. Kanamori, K. Yamamoto, K. Kumagai, Y. Katsuda, K. Sadamatsu, F. Toyota, Y. Mizuno, I. Misumi, H. Noguchi, S. Ando, T. Suetsugu, M. Minamoto, Hiroshi Oda, K. Shiraishi, S. Adachi, K. Chiba, H. Norita, M. Tsuruta, T. Koyanagi, H. Ando, T. Higashi, K. Okada, S. Azakami, S. Komaki, K. Kumeda, T. Murayama, J. Matsumura, Y. Oba, R. Sonoda, K. Goto, K. Minoda, Y. Haraguchi, H. Suefuji, H. Miyagi, H. Kato, Tadashi Nakamura, Tsugihiro Nakamura, H. Nandate, R. Zaitsu, Yoshihisa Fujiura, A. Yoshimura, H. Numata, J. Ogawa, H. Tatematsu, Y. Kamogawa, K. Murakami, Y. Wakasa, M. Yamasawa, H. Maekawa, S. Abe, H. Kihara, S. Tsunoda, Katsumi Saito, Kazuyuki Saito, T. Fudo, K. Obunai, H. Tachibana, I. Oba, T. Kuwahata, S. Higa, M. Gushiken, T. Eto, H. Yoshida, D. Ikeda, Yoshitake Fujiura, M. Ishizawa, M. Nakatsuka, K. Murata, C. Ogurusu, M. Shimoyama, M. 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A., Andersson, A., Malmqvist, L., Martinsson, B., Bernsten, F., Engdahl, J., Thulin, J., Hot-Bjelac, A., Stalby, P., Aaröe, H., Ahbeck, E., Ahlmark, H., Al-Khalili, F., Bonkowski, G., Dzeletovic, S., Ekstrand, A. -B., Eriksson, G. -B., Floren, K., Grässjö, C., Hahn, S., Jaensson, P., Jansson, B., Jansson, J. -H., Kangert, R. -M., Koch, A., Kusiak, D., Lettenström, A., Lindberg, A., Lindholm, C. -J., Mannermyr, A., Mansson, K., Millborg, M., Nilsson, C., Ohlin, A. -M., Olofsson, A., Osberg, A., Pedersen, A., Risbecker, K., Rosenberg, K., Samuelsson, J., Shayesteh, M., Skoglund, K., Stjernberg, M., Thorsen, C., Steffel, J., Beer, J. H., Debrunner, J., Amstutz, D., Bruegger, J., Elise, G., Grau, A., Guinand, A., Henriette, I., Saga, E., Winnik, S., Parkhomenko, A., Rudyk, I., Tseluyko, V., Karpenko, O., Zhurba, S., Kraiz, I., Kupnovytska, I., Serediuk, N., Mostovoy, Y., Ushakov, O., Koval, O., Kovalskyi, I., Svyshchenko, Y., Sychov, O., Stanislavchuk, M., Kraydashenko, O., Yagensky, A., Tykhonova, S., Fushtey, I., Belegai, R., Berko, G., Burdeuna, L., Chabanna, O., Daniuk, I., Ivanov, A., Kamenska, E., Kaplan, P., Khyzhnyak, O., Kizim, S., Matova, O., Medentseva, O., Mochonyi, V., Mospan, M., Nemtsova, V., Ovdiienko, T., Palamarchuk, O., Pavelko, M., Petrovskyy, R., Plevak, D., Proshak, O., Pyvovar, S., Rasputina, L., Romanenko, O., Romanova, O., Sapatyi, A., Shumakov, O., Stets, R., Todoriuk, L., Varenov, V., Fitzmaurice, D., Chauhan, N., Goodwin, D., Saunders, P., Evans, R., Leese, J., Jhittay, P. S., Ross, A., Kainth, M. S., Pickavance, G., Mcdonnell, J., Williams, A., Gooding, T., Wagner, H., Suryani, S., Singal, A., Sircar, S., Bilas, R., Hutchinson, P., Wakeman, A., Stokes, M., Paul, N., Aziz, M., Ramesh, C., Wilson, P., Franklin, S., Fairhead, S., Thompson, J., St Joseph, V., Taylor, G., Tragen, D., Seamark, D., Paul, C., Richardson, M., Jefferies, A., Sharp, H., Jones, H., Giles, C., Page, M., Oginni, O., Aldegather, J., Wetherwell, S., Lumb, W., Evans, P., Scouller, F., Macey, N., Stipp, Y., West, R., Thurston, S., Wadeson, P., Matthews, J., Pandya, P., Gallagher, A., Railton, T., Sinha, B., Russell, D., Davies, J. A., Ainsworth, P., Jones, C. P., Weeks, P., Eden, J., Kernick, D., Murdoch, W., Lumley, L., Patel, R. P., Wong, S. W., Saigol, M., Ladha, K., Douglas, K., Cumberlidge, D. F., Bradshaw, C., Van Zon, G., Jones, K. P., Thomas, M. J., Watson, E., Sarai, B., Ahmad, N., Willcock, W., Cairns, J., Sathananthan, S., de Kare-Silver, N., Gilliland, A., Strieder, E., Howitt, A., Vishwanathan, B., Bird, N., Gray, D., Clark, M., Bisatt, J., Litchfield, J., Fisher, E., Fooks, T., Kelsall, A. R., Alborough, E., Wakeling, J., Parfitt, M., Milne, K., Rogers, S., Priyadharshan, R., Oliver, J. L., Davies, E., Abushal, S., Jacobs, M., Hutton, C., Walls, N. I., Thompson, R., Chigbo, C., Zaidi, S. M. A., Howard, M., Butter, K. C., Barrow, S., Little, H., Haq, I. U., Gibbons, L., Glencross, S., Mcleod, A. J., Poland, K., Mulholland, C., Warke, A., Conn, P., Burns, G., Smith, R. N., Lowe, S., Kamath, R., Dau, H. S., Webster, J., Hodgins, I., Vercoe, S., Roome, P. C., Pinnock, H., Patel, J. R. A., Ali, A., Hart, N., Davies, R., Stuart, E., Neden, C. A., Danielsen, M., Heath, R., Sharma, P., Galloway, S., Hawkins, C., Oliver, R., Aylward, M., Mannion, S., Braddick, M., Edwards, D., Rothwell, A. C., Sabir, A., Choudhary, F., Khalaque, S., Wilson, A., Peters, S., Coulson, W., Roberts, N., Heer, A., Coates, S., Ward, B., Jackson, D., Walton, S., Shepherd, D., Sterry, M., Wong, T., Boon, M., Bunney, R., Haria-Shah, R., Baron, R. T., Davies, S., Schatzberger, T., Hargreaves, N., Stephenson, T., Choi, H., Batson, R., Lucraft, L., Myhill, T., Estifano, S., Geatch, D., Wilkinson, J., Veale, R., Forshaw, K., Davies, T., Zaman, K., Vinson, P., Liley, C., Bandrapalli, M., Mcginty, P., Wastling, R., Mceleny, P., Beattie, A., Cooke, P., Wong, M., Gunasegaram, J., Pugsley, M., Ahmad, S., A'Court, C., Ayers, J., Bennett, J., Cartwright, S., Dobson, S., Dooldeniya, C., Flynn, A., Fox, R., Goram, J., Halpin, A., Hay, A., Jacobs, P., Jeffers, L., Lomax, L., Munro, I., Muvva, R., Nadaph, M., Powell, K., Randfield, S., Redpath, D., Reed, R., Rickenbach, M., Rogers, G., Saunders, P. B., Seamark, C., Shewring, J., Simmons, P., Simper, H., Stoddart, H., Sword, A., Thomas, N., Thomson, A., Gibbs, H., Blenkhorn, A., Singh, B., Van Gaal, W., Abhayaratna, W., Lehman, R., Roberts-Thomson, P., Kilian, J., Coulshed, D., Catanchin, A., Colquhoun, D., Kiat, H., Eccleston, D., French, J., Zimmett, L., Ayres, B., Phan, T., Blombery, P., Crimmins, D., O'Donnell, D., Choi, A., Astridge, P., Arstall, M., Jepson, N., Binnekamp, M., Lee, A., Rogers, J., Starmer, G., Carroll, P., Faunt, J., Aggarwala, A., Barry, L., Batta, C., Beveridge, R., Black, A., Bonner, M., Boys, J., Buckley, E., Campo, M., Carlton, L., Connelly, A., Conway, B., Cresp, D., Dimitri, H., Dixon, S., Dolman, M., Duroux, M., Eskandari, M., Eslick, R., Ferreira-Jardim, A., Fetahovic, T., Fitzpatrick, D., Geraghty, R., Gibbs, J., Grabek, T., Modi, M. H., Hayes, K., Hegde, M. P., Hesketh, L., Hoffmann, B., Jacobson, B., Johnson, K., Juergens, C., Kassam, I., Lawlor, V., Lehman, M., Lehman, S., Leung, D., Mackay, S., Mackenzie, M., Mccarthy, C., Mcintosh, C., Mckeon, L., Morrison, H., Mussap, C., Myers, J. -D., Nagalingam, V., Oldfield, G., O'May, V., Palmer, J., Parsons, L., Patching, K., Patching, T., Paul, V., Plotz, M., Preston, S., Rashad, H., Ratcliffe, M., Raynes, S., Rose, J., Sanders, L., Seremetkoska, M., Setio, H., Shone, S., Shrestha, P., Singh, C., Singleton, C., Stoyanov, N., Sutcliffe, S., Swaraj, K., Tarrant, J., Thompson, S., Tsay, I. M., Vorster, M., Waldman, A., Wallis, L., Wilford, E., Wong, K., Connolly, S. J., Spyropoulos, A., Eikelboom, J., Luton, R., Gupta, M., Pandey, A. S., Cheung, S., Leader, R., Beaudry, P., Ayala-Paredes, F., Berlingieri, J., Heath, J., Poirier, G., Du Preez, M., Nadeau, R., Dresser, G., Dhillon, R., Hruczkowski, T., Schweitzer, B., Coutu, B., Angaran, P., Macdonald, P., Vizel, S., Fikry, S., Parkash, R., Lavoie, A., Cha, J., Ramjattan, B., Bonet, J., Ahmad, K., Aro, L., Aves, T., Beaudry, K., Bergeron, C., Bigcanoe, J., Bignell, N., Breakwell, L., Burke, E., Carroll, L., Clarke, B., Cleveland, T., Daheb, S., Dehghani, P., Denis, I., Djaidani, Z., Dorian, P., Douglass, S., Dunnigan, J., Ewert, A., Farquhar, D., Fearon, A., Ferleyko, L., Fournier, D., Fox, B., Grenier, M. -C., Gulliver, W., Haveman, K., Hines, C., Hines, K., Jackson, A. M., Jean, C., Jethoo, G., Kahlon, R., Kelly, S., Kim, R., Korley, V., Kornder, J., Kwan, L., Largy, J., Lewis, C., Lewis, S., Mangat, I., Moor, R., Navratil, J., Neas, I., Otis, J., Otis, R., Pandey, M., Petrie, F., Pinter, A., Raines, M., Roberts, P., Robinson, M., Sas, G., Schulman, S., Snell, L., Spearson, S., Stevenson, J., Trahey, T., Wong, S., Wright, D., Ragy, H., Abd El-Aziz, A., Abou Seif, S. K., El Din, M. G., El Etriby, S., Elbahry, A., El-Etreby, A., Elkhadem, M., Katta, A., Khairy, T., Mowafy, A., Nawar, M., Ohanissian, A., Reda, A., Reda, M., Salem, H., Sami, N., Samir, S., Setiha, M., Sobhy, M., Soliman, A., Taha, N., Tawfik, M., Zaatout, E., Kettles, D., Bayat, J., Siebert, H., Horak, A., Kelfkens, Y., Garda, R., Pillay, T., Guerra, M., van Zyl, L., Theron, H., Murray, A., Louw, R., Greyling, D., Mntla, P., Ueckermann, V., Loghdey, R., Ismail, S., Ahmed, F., Engelbrecht, J., Ramdass, A., Maharajh, S., Oosthuysen, W., Angel, G., Bester, C., Booysen, M., Boshoff, C., Cannon, C., Cassimjee, S., Chami, C., Conway, G., Davids, A., de Meyer, L., Du Plessis, G., Ellis, T., Henley, L., Karsten, M., Loyd, E., Marks, J., Mavhusa, L., Mostert, M., Page, A., Rikhotso, L., Salie, M., Sasto, J., Shaik, F., Skein, A., Smith, L., Tarr, G., Tau, T., van Zyl, F., Al Mahmeed, W., Yousef, G., Agrawal, A., Nathani, M., Ibrahim, M., Esheiba, E. M., Singh, R., Naguib, A., Abu-Mahfouz, M., Al Omairi, M., Al Naeemi, A., Maruthanayagam, R., Bazargani, N., Wassef, A., Gupta, R., Khan, M., Subbaraman, B., Abdul, A., Al Mulla, A., El Bardisy, S., Haridas, P., Jadhav, S., Magdaluyo, K., Makdad, M., Maqsood, I., Mohamed, R., Sharma, N., Sharma, R., Thanzeel, M., Goldhaber, S. Z., Canosa, R., Rama, P., Blumberg, E., Garcia, J., Mullen, P., Wilson, V., Quick, A., Ferrick, K., Kutayli, W. M., Cox, M., Franco, M., Falkowski, S., Mendelson, R., Williams, M., Miller, S., Beach, S., Alfieri, A., Gutowski, T., Haque, I., Reddy, R., Ahmed, W., Delafontaine, P., Diercks, D., Theodoro, D., Remmel, K., Alberts, M., Ison, R., Noveck, H., Duffy, P., Pitta, S., Nishijima, D., Treasure, C., Asafu-Adjaye, N., Ball, K., Bartlett, M., Bentley, M., Bowers, S., Brown, A., Browne, A., Cameron-Watts, J., Canova, M., Cassidy, D., Cervellione, K., Congal, S., Depauw, J., Dickerson, A., Eley, M., Evans, L., Felpel, S., Ferdinand, K., Fielder, D., Gentry, P., Haideri, A., Hakimi, F., Harbour, T., Hartranft, E., Hawkins, B., Headlee, M., Henson, L., Herrick, C., Hicks, T., Jasinski, S., Jones, A., Jones, L., Jones, P., Karl, S., Keeling, M., Kerr, J., Knowles, P., Langdon, J., Lay, M., Lee, J. A., Lincoln, T., Malone, E., Merliss, A., Merritt, D., Minardo, J., Mooso, B., Orosco, C., Palumbo, V., Parker, M., Parrott, T., Paserchia, S., Pearl, G., Peterson, J., Pickelsimer, N., Purcell, T., Raynor, J., Raziano, S., Richard, C., Richardson, T., Robertson, C., Sage, A., Sanghera, T., Shaw, P., Shoemaker, J., Smith, K., Stephanie, B., Thatcher, A., Theobald, H., Thompson, N., Treasure, L., Tripti, T., Verdi, C., and Worthy, V.
Subjects: Registrie, Male, Time Factors, Anticoagulant therapy, Arrhythmia, Atrial fibrillation, GARFIELD-AF, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Electrocardiography, 0302 clinical medicine, Risk Factors, Anticoagulant therapy, Arrhythmia, Atrial fibrillation, GARFIELD-AF, Aged, Atrial Fibrillation, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Incidence, India, Prevalence, Prognosis, Prospective Studies, Survival Rate, Thromboembolism, Registries, Risk Assessment, Medicine, 030212 general & internal medicine, Prospective cohort study, Incidence (epidemiology), cardiovascular system, medicine.symptom, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, Risk assessment, Human, medicine.medical_specialty, Time Factor, RD1-811, Prognosi, Follow-Up Studie, 03 medical and health sciences, Internal medicine, Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system, cardiovascular diseases, Risk factor, Survival rate, Fibrillation, business.industry, Risk Factor, ta3121, medicine.disease, Clinical trial, Prospective Studie, RC666-701, Surgery, Clinical and Preventive Cardiology, business
Abstract: Background: The Global Anticoagulant Registry in the FIELD–Atrial Fibrillation (GARFIELD-AF) is an ongoing prospective noninterventional registry, which is providing important information on the baseline characteristics, treatment patterns, and 1-year outcomes in patients with newly diagnosed non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF). This report describes data from Indian patients recruited in this registry. Methods and results: A total of 52,014 patients with newly diagnosed AF were enrolled globally; of these, 1388 patients were recruited from 26 sites within India (2012–2016). In India, the mean age was 65.8 years at diagnosis of NVAF. Hypertension was the most prevalent risk factor for AF, present in 68.5% of patients from India and in 76.3% of patients globally (P
Published: 2018

13. Intra- and inter-tester reliability and validity of normal finger size measurement using the Japanese ring gauge system

Author: H. Arai, Y. Sato, H. Yoshida, S. Sotome, Taku Suzuki, and A. Arai
Subjects: Adult, Male, Fingers, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Japan, Reference Values, Reliability study, Independent samples, Humans, Medicine, Finger size, Reliability (statistics), Observer Variation, Ring (mathematics), business.industry, Reproducibility of Results, Organ Size, Structural engineering, Middle Aged, Gauge (firearms), 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Female, Surgery, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: This study was designed to investigate the reliability and validity of measurements of finger diameters with a ring gauge. A reliability study enrolled two independent samples (50 participants and seven examiners in Study I; 26 participants and 26 examiners in Study II). The sizes of each participant’s little fingers were measured twice with a ring gauge by each examiner. To investigate the validity of the measurements, five hand therapists compared the finger size and hand volume of 30 participants with the ring gauge and with a figure-of-eight technique (Study III). The intra-class correlation coefficient for intra-observer reliability ranged from 0.97 to 0.99 in Study I, and 0.90 to 0.97 in Study II. The intra-class correlation coefficient for inter-observer reliability was 0.95 in Study I and 0.94 in Study II. The validity study showed a Pearson product moment correlation coefficient of 0.75. The ring gauge showed high reliability and validity for measurement of finger size. Level of evidence: III, diagnostic
Published: 2016

14. Longitudinal changes in

Author: M, Ezura, A, Kikuchi, A, Ishiki, N, Okamura, T, Hasegawa, R, Harada, S, Watanuki, Y, Funaki, K, Hiraoka, T, Baba, N, Sugeno, R, Oshima, S, Yoshida, J, Kobayashi, M, Kobayashi, O, Tano, I, Nakashima, S, Mugikura, R, Iwata, Y, Taki, K, Furukawa, H, Arai, S, Furumoto, M, Tashiro, K, Yanai, Y, Kudo, A, Takeda, and M, Aoki
Subjects: Male, Basal Ganglia Diseases, Tauopathies, Positron-Emission Tomography, Disease Progression, Quinolines, Aminopyridines, Humans, Female, Middle Aged, Radiopharmaceuticals, Aged, Follow-Up Studies
Abstract: Corticobasal syndrome (CBS) is pathologically characterized by tau deposits in neuronal and glial cells and by reactive astrogliosis. In several neurodegenerative disorders,Baseline and 1-year follow-up imaging were acquired using magnetic resonance imaging and positron emission tomography withThe 1-year follow-up scan images revealed thatLongitudinal increases in
Published: 2018

15. Tau imaging with [

Author: A, Ishiki, R, Harada, N, Okamura, N, Tomita, C C, Rowe, V L, Villemagne, K, Yanai, Y, Kudo, H, Arai, S, Furumoto, M, Tashiro, and K, Furukawa
Subjects: Aged, 80 and over, Male, Thiazoles, Aniline Compounds, Alzheimer Disease, Positron-Emission Tomography, Brain, Humans, Female, tau Proteins, Supranuclear Palsy, Progressive, Aged
Abstract: Visualization of pathogenic protein aggregates is crucial to elucidate pathomechanisms and to make an accurate diagnosis in many neurodegenerative conditions. Aggregates of the microtubule-binding protein, tau, are one of the most important pathogenic molecules in neurodegenerative disorders. Progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) is characterized by the deposition of tau proteins in some specific area such as the basal ganglia and brainstem. We tried to detect tau lesions in the brains of living patients with PSP with a novel positron emission tomography (PET) tracer, [Paraffin-embedded brain sections of the patients with PSP were used for autoradiography with [Autoradiography in the brain sections of patients with PSP demonstrated [We conclude that [
Published: 2016

16. Endovascular Therapy of 500 Small Asymptomatic Unruptured Intracranial Aneurysms

Author: Hidenori Oishi, T. Shimizu, M. Yamamoto, K. Yoshida, and H. Arai
Subjects: Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Comorbidity, Aneurysm, Ruptured, Risk Assessment, Asymptomatic, Young Adult, Postoperative Complications, Aneurysm, Japan, Risk Factors, Prevalence, Humans, Medicine, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, Letters, cardiovascular diseases, Young adult, Survival rate, Survival analysis, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, business.industry, Mortality rate, Endovascular Procedures, Intracranial Aneurysm, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Survival Analysis, Surgery, Survival Rate, Catheter, Treatment Outcome, cardiovascular system, Female, Neurology (clinical), Radiology, medicine.symptom, business
Abstract: Although the natural course of UIAs remains unclear, the risk of aneurysmal SAH due to small (10 mm) asymptomatic UIAs is low. Endovascular therapy for UIAs has increased because of device development and the need for less invasive treatment. We report the results, safety, and efficacy of endovascular therapy of small asymptomatic UIAs.A total of 457 patients with 500 small asymptomatic UIAs (maximum diameter10 mm) underwent endosaccular coil embolization at Juntendo University Hospital and affiliated hospitals. We retrospectively evaluated the technical feasibility, immediate and short-to-midterm follow-up anatomic results, procedure-related complications, and clinical outcomes.Endosaccular coil embolization was completed in 481 aneurysms (96.2%) and attempted in 19 (3.8%). Completed aneurysms were treated with the simple (39.5%), balloon-assisted (51.4%), and double-catheter (9.1%) techniques. Immediate angiographic outcomes were CO for 309 (64.2%) aneurysms, RN for 72 (15.0%), and RA for 100 (20.8%). Procedure-related complications occurred in 38 aneurysms (7.6%): 19 ischemic, 11 hemorrhagic, and 8 others. Permanent morbidity and mortality were 0.8% and 0.2%, respectively. Anatomic outcome of 427 aneurysms followed up for6 months with conventional catheter or MR angiographies showed recanalization in 72 (16.9%) aneurysms, necessitating retreatment in 9.9% (mean, 31.4 months). No patients had aneurysmal SAH during the clinical follow-up period (mean, 34.7 months).In this series, endovascular therapy of small asymptomatic UIAs was highly feasible with low morbidity and mortality rates.
Published: 2012

17. Neuroradiologic Features ofCASKMutations

Author: N. Okamoto, S. Hayashi, Johji Inazawa, Shin Nabatame, A. J. Barkovich, Satori Hirai, H. Arai, and Jun-ichi Takanashi
Subjects: Male, congenital, hereditary, and neonatal diseases and abnormalities, Microcephaly, Corpus callosum, Article, Midbrain, Intellectual Disability, medicine, Humans, Abnormalities, Multiple, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, CASK, Cerebrum, business.industry, Brain, Infant, Anatomy, medicine.disease, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Pons, nervous system diseases, medicine.anatomical_structure, nervous system, Child, Preschool, Mutation, Cerebellar vermis, Female, Neurology (clinical), Cerebellar hypoplasia (non-human), business, Guanylate Kinases
Abstract: Mutations of the CASK gene are associated with X-linked mental retardation with microcephaly and disproportionate brain stem and cerebellar hypoplasia in females. The areas of the cerebrum, corpus callosum, pons, midbrain, and cerebellar vermis and hemisphere and a ratio of cerebrum/corpus callosum areas were measured in 5 female patients with CASK mutations, 67 female controls, and 5 patients with pontine hypoplasia. MR imaging in patients with CASK mutations revealed a normal size of the corpus callosum and a low ratio of the cerebrum/corpus callosum with a reduced area of the cerebrum, pons, midbrain, and cerebellar vermis and hemispheres. The 5 patients with pontine hypoplasia showed thinning of the corpus callosum and a high ratio of the cerebrum/corpus callosum, irrespective of the size of the cerebrum. The normal size of the corpus callosum, which gives an impression of callosal thickening at first glance, may be an imaging clue to detect patients with CASK mutations.
Published: 2010

18. De novo EEF1A2 mutations in patients with characteristic facial features, intellectual disability, autistic behaviors and epilepsy

Author: J, Nakajima, N, Okamoto, J, Tohyama, M, Kato, H, Arai, O, Funahashi, Y, Tsurusaki, M, Nakashima, H, Kawashima, H, Saitsu, N, Matsumoto, and N, Miyake
Subjects: Epilepsy, Base Sequence, DNA Copy Number Variations, Molecular Sequence Data, Mutation, Missense, Sequence Analysis, DNA, Syndrome, Pedigree, Peptide Elongation Factor 1, Face, Intellectual Disability, Humans, Female, Autistic Disorder
Abstract: Eukaryotic elongation factor 1, alpha-2 (eEF1A2) protein is involved in protein synthesis, suppression of apoptosis, and regulation of actin function and cytoskeletal structure. EEF1A2 gene is highly expressed in the central nervous system and Eef1a2 knockout mice show the neuronal degeneration. Until now, only one missense mutation (c.208G A, p.Gly70Ser) in EEF1A2 has been reported in two independent patients with neurological disease. In this report, we described two patients with de novo mutations (c.754G C, p.Asp252His and c.364G A, p.Glu122Lys) in EEF1A2 found by whole-exome sequencing. Common clinical features are shared by all four individuals: severe intellectual disability, autistic behavior, absent speech, neonatal hypotonia, epilepsy and progressive microcephaly. Furthermore, the two patients share the similar characteristic facial features including a depressed nasal bridge, tented upper lip, everted lower lip and downturned corners of the mouth. These data strongly indicate that a new recognizable disorder is caused by EEF1A2 mutations.
Published: 2014

19. MRA Demonstration of 'Periarteritis' in Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome

Author: Tsunenori Ozawa, H. Arai, Junichi Yoshimura, Takashi Minakawa, Yuichiro Yoneoka, and Akihiko Saito
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Magnetic resonance angiography, Imaging, Three-Dimensional, Predictive Value of Tests, Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted, medicine, Humans, Cranial nerve disease, Arteritis, Neuroradiology, First episode, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Magnetic resonance imaging, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Polyarteritis Nodosa, Cavernous sinus, Cavernous Sinus, Female, Surgery, Neurology (clinical), Radiology, medicine.symptom, business, Magnetic Resonance Angiography, Tolosa–Hunt syndrome
Abstract: Background. Modern magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) diagnosis of Tolosa-Hunt syndrome rests upon demonstration of cavernous sinus abnormalities. We present a case of Tolosa-Hunt syndrome who has no abnormal mass lesion in the cavernous sinuses on MRI but with a diagnostic lesion on magnetic resonance angiography (MRA). Clinical Presentation. A 48-year-old woman developed acute periorbital pain and abducens palsy of the right side at the first episode, and subacute peri-orbital pain and rapidly deteriorating visual acuity on the left side at the second episode with a four months interval. MRI showed no soft-tissue abnormality in the cavernous sinuses. Findings. MRA demonstrated a narrowing of the right cavernous carotid artery at the first episode, and narrowings of the left clinoid carotid and ophthalmic arteries at the second episode. Based on these findings, the patient underwent urgent steroid therapy and the symptoms resolved dramatically in each episode. Follow-up MRA confirmed resolution of arterial narrowings. Interpretation. MRA may help prompt the noninvasive diagnosis in certain cases of Tolosa-Hunt syndrome with little inflammatory reaction in the cavernous sinus but with predominant intra- and juxta-cavernous periarteritis.
Published: 2001

20. Obesity, body fat distribution and coronary atherosclerosis among Japanese men and women

Author: Osamu Nakagaki, Shoji Tokunaga, Suminori Kono, Masahiro Mohri, Munehito Ideishi, Shizuka Sasazuki, Kouichi Yoshimasu, H Arai, Hiroko Kodama, Koji Hiyamuta, Takanobu Nii, Akira Takeshita, Keitaro Tanaka, Ying Liu, Kazuyuki Shirai, Satoru Koyanagi, Masakazu Washio, Kikuo Arakawa, Yoshitaka Doi, K. Takada, and Tomoki Kawano
Subjects: Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Cross-sectional study, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Medicine (miscellaneous), Coronary Artery Disease, Sex Factors, Waist–hip ratio, Japan, Risk Factors, Internal medicine, Epidemiology, Odds Ratio, medicine, Humans, Obesity, Coronary atherosclerosis, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Nutrition and Dietetics, business.industry, Angiography, Coronary Stenosis, Odds ratio, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Surgery, Stenosis, Cross-Sectional Studies, Adipose Tissue, Body Composition, Body Constitution, Female, business, Body mass index
Abstract: Reasearch Institute of Angiocardiology and Cardiovascular Clinic,Faculty of Medicine Kyushu University, Fukuoka, JapanOBJECTIVE: To investigate the relation of the obesity and body-fat distribution with angiographically deﬁned coronaryatherosclerosis.DESIGN: Cross-sectional study in a clinical setting.SUBJECTS: Three hundred and twenty men (median age, 59y) and 212 women (median age, 67y) who underwent coronaryangiography for suspected or known coronary heart disease at 5 cardiology departments between September 1996 and August1997. Patients with disease duration >1y were excluded.MEASUREMENTS: The body mass index (BMI) and the waist to hip circumference ratio (WHR) were used as main exposurevariables, and either the presence of signiﬁcant coronary stenosis or the Gensini’s score ( 10 vs
Published: 2001

21. Postnatal Left Ventricular Contractility in Very Low Birth Weight Infants

Author: Yasushi Takahashi, Serguej Kishkurno, Goro Takada, Kenji Harada, H. Arai, and Akira Ishida
Subjects: Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Neonatal intensive care unit, Hemodynamics, Blood Pressure, Gestational Age, Ventricular Function, Left, Contractility, Internal medicine, Humans, Infant, Very Low Birth Weight, Medicine, University medical, business.industry, Age Factors, Infant, Newborn, Left ventricular contractility, Adaptation, Physiological, Myocardial Contraction, Cardiac surgery, Low birth weight, medicine.anatomical_structure, Echocardiography, Ventricle, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, Cardiology, Female, medicine.symptom, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business
Abstract: The objective of the study was to evaluate postnatal changes in left ventricular (LV) contractility in very low birth weight (VLBW) infants. An echocardiographic study comparing 18 VLBW infants without significant complications and 16 normal term infants was carried out at the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit in Akita University Medical Hospital, Japan. The echocardiographic examinations were performed within 6 hours of birth and on day 5. We obtained the relations between rate-corrected mean velocity of circumferential fiber shortening (mVcfc) and end-systolic wall stress (ESS), which were calculated from two-dimensional LV short-axis views to compensate for the distorted LV shape, and we compared these relations statistically. In both VLBW and term infants there were inverse linear correlations between mVcfc and ESS for each study period (p < 0.05). The regression line of VLBW infants had a lower y-intercept and a steeper slope than that of term infants at 6 hours of age but almost corresponded on day 5. It is concluded that the left ventricle of VLBW infants adapts to postnatal hemodynamic alterations with low contractility but operates with a contractile state similar to that of term infants on day 5.
Published: 1997

22. Astroglial localization of cholesteryl ester transfer protein in normal and Alzheimer's disease brain tissues

Author: Kiyoharu Inoue, M. Kawata, H. Arai, Tatsuo Yamada, T. Sato, and M. Fukasawa
Subjects: Male, Apolipoprotein E, medicine.medical_specialty, Immunoblotting, Pathology and Forensic Medicine, White matter, Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience, Immunolabeling, Alzheimer Disease, Internal medicine, Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein, Cholesterylester transfer protein, medicine, Humans, Aged, Glycoproteins, Aged, 80 and over, Brain Chemistry, Liver sinusoid, Amyloid beta-Peptides, biology, Brain, Receptors, Interleukin-2, Human brain, Middle Aged, Immunohistochemistry, Cholesterol Ester Transfer Proteins, carbohydrates (lipids), medicine.anatomical_structure, Endocrinology, Liver, Astrocytes, biology.protein, Female, lipids (amino acids, peptides, and proteins), Cholesterol Esters, Neurology (clinical), Carrier Proteins, Lipoprotein, Astrocyte
Abstract: Cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) is a plasma glycoprotein that facilitates the transfer of cholesteryl esters, phospholipids and triglycerides between the lipoproteins, and regulates plasma high-density lipoprotein levels. We examined CETP-like immunolabeling in non-neurological and Alzheimer's disease (AD) liver and brain tissues. The anti-CETP antibodies showed positive staining in round cells in the liver sinusoid and in brain astrocytes. In the brains of non-neurological cases, positively stained astrocytes were preferentially distributed in the white matter. In AD tissue, many reactive astrocytes in the gray matter as well as the white matter astrocytes had CETP-like immunoreactivity. CETP-positive astrocytes may play a role for AD pathology such as tissue repair.
Published: 1995

23. Cochleovestibular nerve involvement in multifocal fibrosclerosis

Author: M H Arai, Robinson Koji Tsuji, E M Santiago Gebrim, and Aline Gomes Bittencourt
Subjects: Pathology, medicine.medical_specialty, Biopsy, Disease, Retroperitoneal fibrosis, Diagnosis, Differential, Prednisone, Multifocal fibrosclerosis, Recurrence, Seizures, Azathioprine, medicine, Orbital Diseases, Vestibulocochlear Nerve Diseases, Humans, Meningitis, Sinusitis, Glucocorticoids, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Meninges, Magnetic resonance imaging, Retroperitoneal Fibrosis, General Medicine, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Pathophysiology, Radiography, medicine.anatomical_structure, Otorhinolaryngology, Sensation Disorders, Disease Progression, Sensorineural hearing loss, Female, medicine.symptom, business, Immunosuppressive Agents, medicine.drug
Abstract: Objectives:To report a case of multifocal fibrosclerosis with a nine-year follow up, and to discuss this disease's radiological appearance and management. The disease is a rare systemic disorder of unknown cause characterised by fibrous proliferation involving multiple anatomical sites.Case report:A 50-year-old woman presented with histological findings characterised by similar inflammatory processes involving the meninges, pituitary gland, peritoneum, retroperitoneum and orbits, prompting a search for a common pathophysiology. A diagnosis of multifocal fibrosclerosis was postulated. Symptom improvement was noted after treatment with prednisone and azathioprine.Conclusion:This is the first documented case of involvement of the cochleovestibular nerve in a patient with multifocal fibrosclerosis. The rare association between fibrotic diseases and masses showing various clinical patterns should be kept in mind by otolaryngologists, and imaging performed to investigate for multifocal fibrosclerosis. However, diagnosis can only be confirmed with tissue biopsy and histopathological examination.
Published: 2012

24. [Aortic valve surgery for autoimmune disease]

Author: N, Miyagi and H, Arai
Subjects: Aortic Valve, Heart Valve Diseases, Humans, Autoimmune Diseases
Abstract: Aortic valve disease of autoimmune disease is complicated in pre-, peri- and post-operative care. Recommended care in aortitis, ankylosing spondylitis, systemic lupus erythematosus and rheumatoid arthritis were described. Surgical strategy should be determined depending on basic disease, degree of inflammation and region of disease. Because of the fragile tissue of autoimmune disease patient, modified Bentall procedure is recommended to prevent a prosthetic valve dropping off for aortitis. Perioperatively, it is important to control the inflammation of basic disease, thus a steroid cover is necessary perioperatively. Some complications such as infection, out-of-control of anti-coaguration or gastro-intestinal bleeding should be avoided. Post operation, a strict follow up of prosthetic valve and aorta around suture line and control of autoimmune disease should be achieved.
Published: 2012

25. Lung cancer associated with an azygos lobe successfully treated with video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery

Author: H, Arai, K, Inui, K, Kano, T, Nishii, T, Kaneko, H, Mano, T, Sasaki, and M, Masuda
Subjects: Lung Neoplasms, Thoracic Surgery, Video-Assisted, Azygos Vein, Humans, Female, Adenocarcinoma, Middle Aged, Pneumonectomy, Lung
Abstract: Primary lung cancer associated with an azygos lobe is extremely rare. Herein, we report the case of a 64-year-old woman with lung adenocarcinoma arising in the right upper lobe with an azygos lobe. The patient underwent a right upper lobectomy and lymph node dissection with video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery. Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery lobectomy for lung cancer of this variant has yet to be reported. We demonstrate the intraoperative findings and the resected pulmonary lobe. This is the first case of primary lung cancer associated with the azygos lobe treated by lobectomy with video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery.
Published: 2012

26. Brain localization of leucine-rich α2-glycoprotein and its role

Author: Madoka, Nakajima, M, Miyajima, I, Ogino, M, Watanabe, Y, Hagiwara, T, Segawa, K, Kobayashi, and H, Arai
Subjects: Adult, Aged, 80 and over, Aquaporin 4, Male, Glucose Transporter Type 5, Age Factors, Brain, Nerve Tissue Proteins, Middle Aged, Oligodendrocyte Transcription Factor 2, Platelet Endothelial Cell Adhesion Molecule-1, Gene Expression Regulation, Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein, Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors, Humans, Female, RNA, Messenger, Aged, Glycoproteins
Abstract: We have previously reported that the level of leucine-rich alpha-2-glycoprotein (LRG) expression is specifically increased in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (INPH). The objective of this study is to examine the localization of LRG - the cerebral areas where it is expressed.The histological sections of autopsied brain specimens from ten subjects, five adult cases (mean age 43.6 years; range 34-50 years) and five senile cases (mean age 76.0 years; range 67-88 years) were prepared, multistained with antibodies against human LRG, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), CD31, and aquaporin-4 (AQP4), and reviewed for the expression sites of LRG.Immunostains of GFAP and LRG were compared in standard brain specimens from elderly patients. The results indicated that LRG is distributed throughout the entire brain, with especially high expression in the deep cerebral cortex. In addition, the cells that express LRG showed similar morphology to astrocytes. Double staining of CD31 and LRG revealed a significant expression of LRG in the pericapillary regions. The expression was observed in resident astrocytes, as well as in the capillary vessel to which astrocytic processes grow and adhere. When age-related comparisons were made between senile and adult specimens, LRG expression increased with age.LRG expression in resident astrocytes increased with age.
Published: 2011

27. CT-guided radiofrequency liver tumour ablation: use of a two-step coaxial system with a fine guide needle wire unit for high-risk cases

Author: H Ishizaka, H Arai, A Shimizu, Satoshi Hirasawa, and Sachiko Awata
Subjects: Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Carcinoma, Hepatocellular, medicine.medical_treatment, Short Communication, Two step, Catheter ablation, Radiography, Interventional, Tumor ablation, medicine, Humans, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, In patient, business.industry, Potential risk, Liver Neoplasms, General Medicine, Cannula, Surgery, Stylet, Treatment Outcome, Surgery, Computer-Assisted, Needles, Catheter Ablation, Female, Coaxial system, business, Tomography, X-Ray Computed, Biomedical engineering
Abstract: Accurate radiofrequency (RF) needle targeting to liver lesions under CT guidance is technically difficult and generally requires multiple needle manipulations, which carries potential risk. This approach is hardly applicable for precariously located lesions or for patients who have difficulty holding their breath. The aim of this study was to develop a novel two-step coaxial system to facilitate CT-guided RF ablation in difficult cases. The study group comprised 11 patients with 12 hepatic lesions. The coaxial system consisted of two parts: a 21-gauge pencil-tip guide needle wire (GNW) unit comprising a 150-mm-long needle segment and a 250-mm-long wire segment; and a 140-mm-long outer cannula with its stylet, which accepts a 17-gauge RF electrode needle. The GNW was inserted until the route of the GNW was confirmed to be positioned correctly. The cannula with the stylet was then advanced along the GNW. Lesions were successfully accessed using the GNW, even in patients who could not hold their breath, and manipulation was feasible within the limited space of the CT gantry. The light GNW also facilitated step-by-step CT-guided angular manipulations, unlike heavy RF electrodes, which are unstable during hands-free use unless deeply inserted. Therefore, this system enabled sequential ablations of large tumours by ensuring three different routes in advance by using the GNW. Insertion of the cannula along the GNW was simple. In conclusion, the two-step coaxial system enabled CT-guided RF tumour ablation to be performed in cases conventionally contraindicated owing to high risk of serious complications.
Published: 2010

28. Adiponectin in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid in MCI and Alzheimer's disease

Author: K, Une, Y A, Takei, N, Tomita, T, Asamura, T, Ohrui, K, Furukawa, and H, Arai
Subjects: Male, Alzheimer Disease, Humans, Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay, Female, Adiponectin, Neuropsychological Tests, Cognition Disorders, Biomarkers, Aged
Abstract: Life style-related disorders such as hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, and obesity are reported to be a great risk of dementia. Adipocytokines released from adipose tissue are thought to modulate some brain functions including memory and cognition. We here analysed adiponectin, one of the most important adipocytokines, in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from cognitive normal controls (NC), mild cognitive impairment (MCI) subjects, and patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and discussed if/how adiponectin could relate to the pathogenesis of AD.Normal controls (n = 28), MCI (n = 18), and AD (n = 27) subjects were recruited at Tohoku University Hospital. The diagnosis of AD was based on NINCDS-ADRDA criteria. All the blood and CSF samples were obtained from each fasted subject. Adiponectin was assayed using a sandwich ELISA system.The levels of adiponectin between in plasma and in CSF showed a positive correlation. Plasma adiponectin was significantly higher in MCI and AD compared to NC, whereas CSF adiponectin was significantly higher in MCI compared to NC.It is possible that the level of adiponectin in plasma reflects its level in CSF. The tendency to have higher adiponectin in plasma and CSF from MCI and AD suggests that this molecule plays a critical role in the onset of AD.
Published: 2010

29. [Heart positioners and proximal anastomotic devices in off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting]

Author: Naoto, Miyagi and H, Arai
Subjects: Coronary Artery Bypass, Off-Pump, Humans, Internal Mammary-Coronary Artery Anastomosis
Abstract: Owing to development of device technology, off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (OPCAB) has become a safe, reproducible and reliable procedure. Surgeons must understand the advantages and limitations of each device and select appropriate devices in individual case to avoid device-related complication and a waste of cost. The directions and pitfalls of heart positioners, stabilizers and proximal anastomotic devices were described. With the improved heart positioners and stabilizers all coronary targets have been well visualized and accessible, maintaining hemodynamic stability. Automated proximal anastomotic devices and proximal anastomotic assist devices have reduced the occurrence of cerebral complications compared with the side-clamp of the ascending aorta. The appropriate use of devices in OPCAB would be a promising and cost-effective procedure for revascularization of ischemic heart disease.
Published: 2010

30. [Operative indication, clinical results and points on intracranial arachnoid cysts]

Author: M, Miyajima and H, Arai
Subjects: Arachnoid Cysts, Treatment Outcome, Humans, Endoscopy, Child, Neurosurgical Procedures, Hydrocephalus
Published: 2009

31. Abnormal Expression of Blood Group–related Antigens in Uterine Endometrial Cancers

Author: H. Arai, Katsumi Tsukazaki, Shiro Nozawa, Soju Kurihara, Kanji Yamaoka, and M. Sakayori
Subjects: Monoclonal antibody, Cancer Research, Pathology, medicine.medical_specialty, medicine.drug_class, H antigen, Biology, Endometrium, Article, ABO Blood-Group System, related antigens, Lewis Blood Group Antigens, Antigen, Endometrial cancer, Imraunohistochemistry, medicine, Humans, nLc4, Hyperplasia, Globosides, Abnormal expression, medicine.disease, Immunohistochemistry, Pathophysiology, Lc4, Blood group, medicine.anatomical_structure, Oncology, Uterine Neoplasms, Cancer research, Female
Abstract: The expression of A, B, and H group antigens, Lewis group antigens (Lewis(a), Lewis(b), Lewis(x), and Lewis(y)), and Lc4 and nLc4 antigens, the precursor antigens of both groups, was examined immunohistochemically with monoclonal antibodies in 9 normal endometria, 6 endometrial hyperplasias, and 31 endometrial cancers. 1) A, B and/or H antigens were detected in endometrial cancers at an incidence of 51.6%, while no distinct localization of these antigens was observed in normal endometria. H antigen, the precursor of A and B antigens, was particularly frequently detected in endometrial cancers. 2) An increased rate of expression of Lewis group antigens, particularly Lewis(b) antigen, was observed in endometrial cancers compared with its expression in normal endometria. 3) Lc4 and nLc4 antigens were detected in endometrial cancers at rates of 41.9% and 38.7%, respectively, these expressions being increased compared with those in normal endometria. 4) These results suggest that a highly abnormal expression of blood group-related antigens in endometrial cancers occurs not only at the level of A, B, and H antigens and Lewis group antigens, but also at the level of their precursor Lc4 and nLc4 antigens. 5) Lewis(a), Lewis(b), and Lc4 antigens, built on the type-1 chain, are more specific to endometrial cancers than their respective positional isomers, Lewis(x), Lewis(y), and nLc4 antigens, built on the type-2 chain.
Published: 1991

32. [Pulmonary metastasis of metachronous triple cancer occurring in a young patient]

Author: S, Yamanaka, H, Arai, Y, Rino, and M, Masuda
Subjects: Adult, Osteosarcoma, Lung Neoplasms, Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols, Humans, Bone Neoplasms, Breast Neoplasms, Female, Neoplasms, Second Primary, Humerus
Abstract: A 24-year-old patient who developed pulmonary metastasis of metachronous triple cancer was presented. She had undergone surgery and combined chemotherapy for osteosarcoma of the right humerus in 1993. Then, she was followed-up without any sign of recurrence. She felt accidentally a lump of the right breast so she had visited a hospital for a work-up in 2004. The detailed examination proved that the right breast mass was primary breast cancer so the right mastectomy was carried out. Moreover, the left mastectomy was also carried out for the primary breast cancer in 2005. Additionally, a solitary nodule shadow was detected by computed tomography in 2007 so she had thoracoscopic partial resection of right middle lobe. Histopathologically, the tumor was diagnosed metastasis from the left breast cancer. It is unlikely that familial cancer disease was the underlying cause because she had no family history of cancer. A more likely explanation is that there is the influence of combined chemotherapy during puberty.
Published: 2008

33. [Mitral valve repair with concomitant coronary bypass for partial rupture of an anterior papillary muscle]

Author: T, Ushiyama, H, Tanaka, H, Nagaoka, T, Mizuno, T, Someya, F, Ito, K, Tamura, and H, Arai
Subjects: Male, Humans, Mitral Valve, Mitral Valve Insufficiency, Coronary Artery Bypass, Middle Aged, Papillary Muscles, Heart Rupture, Post-Infarction
Abstract: We report a case of severe mitral regurgitation due to partial rupture of an anterior papillary muscle. A 63-year-old man was admitted to a hospital with heart failure. He was treated with diuretic agents effectively. Echocardiography demonstrated severe mitral regurgitation with prolapse of posterior leaflet and small mass-like structure on the prolapsed segment that was diagnosed the thickened leaflet. Coronary angiography revealed total occlusion of left anterior descending artery (LAD) filled with good collateral from right posterior descending artery and severe diffuse stenosis of circumflex artery (Cx). The patient underwent surgery on the 33rd day after admission with heart failure. At surgery, we recognized rupture of one of the heads of anterior papillary muscle that was entangled in chordae of the prolapsed segment. Mitral valve repair and coronary revascularization to LAD and Cx was successfully performed. His postoperative course was uneventful, and he was discharged on the 28th postoperative day.
Published: 2007

34. [Multiple recurrence of cardiac myxoma in a Carney complex patient 4 years after the first operation]

Author: Fusahiko, Ito, H, Tanaka, K, Oi, H, Arai, and M, Sunamori
Subjects: Adult, Reoperation, Time Factors, Skin Pigmentation, Syndrome, Heart Neoplasms, Treatment Outcome, Endocrine Gland Neoplasms, Humans, Female, Heart Atria, Cardiac Surgical Procedures, Neoplasm Recurrence, Local, Myxoma, Pigmentation Disorders, Echocardiography, Transesophageal
Abstract: Carney complex is a rare syndrome which includes cardiac myxoma, hyperactive endocrine neoplasm, spotty pigmented skin, and extracardiac myxomatous tumors. We report a case of a 26-year-old woman with Carney complex in whom recurrent multiple cardiac myxomas were resected 4 years after the first operation for left atrial (LA) myxoma. She had a history of left adrenalectomy in 1997 for Cushing syndrome due to primary pigmented nodular adrenocortical disease (PPNAD). In February 2001, she was diagnosed with Carney complex because of evidence of LA myxoma, her spotty pigmented skin lesions, her past history and family history of cardiac myxoma in her mother. Then, LA myxoma was successfully resected through the superior trans-septal approach and has been followed-up by ultrasound cardiography (UCG) every 6-month after discharge. In January 2005, UCG revealed 2 masses in the LA and the right ventricle outflow tract. The 2nd surgery was performed in February 2005. We found the 3rd myxoma during surgery, resembling a flat polyp in the LA just at the inflow of the right upper pulmonary vein. All 3 myxomas were successfully resected. Sixteen months after the 2nd operation, she has been doing well without any sign of recurrence of myxoma.
Published: 2006

35. CSF tau protein: a new prognostic marker for Guillain-Barré syndrome

Author: K. Jin, A. Takeda, Y. Shiga, S. Sato, A. Ohnuma, H. Nomura, H. Arai, S. Kusunoki, M. Ikeda, and Y. Itoyama
Subjects: Adult, Male, Electrodiagnosis, tau Proteins, Middle Aged, Guillain-Barre Syndrome, Prognosis, Respiration, Artificial, Antibodies, Axons, Nerve Degeneration, Outcome Assessment, Health Care, Humans, Female, Neurology (clinical), Glycolipids, Biomarkers, Aged
Abstract: We measured the CSF tau protein levels in 26 patients with Guillain-Barré syndrome. The levels of the poor outcome group (Hughes grade at 6 months was between II and VI, n = 6) were higher than those of the good outcome group (0 or I, n = 20) (p0.0005). The higher levels of CSF tau may reflect axonal degeneration and could predict a poor clinical outcome in Guillain-Barré syndrome.
Published: 2006

36. [Completion pneumonectomy for pulmonary aspergillosis with hyper immunoglobulin-E syndrome]

Author: H, Arai, Y, Rino, T, Nishii, K, Andou, R, Kurosawa, F, Kuroki, T, Imagawa, M, Mori, S, Yokota, H, Oshiro, and Y, Takanashi
Subjects: Adult, Male, Lung Diseases, Fungal, Hypergammaglobulinemia, Aspergillosis, Humans, Immunoglobulin E, Pulmonary Surgical Procedures
Abstract: A 22-year-old man was admitted to the department of pediatrics of our institute in February 2005, because of pulmonary aspergillosis. He had been diagnosed as hyper immunoglobulin-E syndrome in infancy, and repeated pulmonary infectious desease, such as pulmonary aspergillosis. He received art of right upper lobectomy by pulmonary aspergillosis at the age of 17. In February 2005, he had hemosputum and the chest X-ray showed a giant cavity with niveau in the right lung. In spite of medical treatment by antibiotics and antimycotics, the lesion rapidly increased in size. Therefore, right completion pneumonectomy and omentopexy around the bronchial stump was done. His postoperative course was uneventful.
Published: 2006

37. Inflammation and infection in Parkinson's disease

Author: H, Arai, T, Furuya, Y, Mizuno, and H, Mochizuki
Subjects: Inflammation, Lipopolysaccharides, Neurons, Substantia Nigra, Cell Death, Blood-Brain Barrier, Caspases, Dopamine, Humans, Parkinson Disease, Infections, Caspases, Initiator, Interleukin-1
Abstract: The hallmark of Parkinson's disease (PD) is a specific degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra (SN). The cause of nigral dopaminergic neuronal cell death in PD and its underlying mechanisms remain elusive, however, involvement of inflammatory events has been postulated because inflammatory features have been described in the brain of PD patients. Some evidence also suggest that a possible deleterious effects of neuroinflammatory processes by infection in experimental models of neurodegenerative disease. In this review, we summarize and discuss the latest findings regarding inflammation in PD. Especially, we focused on the relationship between infection and PD.
Published: 2006

38. Short-term complications of retrograde transvenous obliteration of gastric varices in patients with portal hypertension: effects of obliteration of major portosystemic shunts

Author: Masatomo Mori, T. Yamada, S. Hagiwara, R. Shimoda, H. Arai, K. Horiuchi, H. Suzuki, T. Ichikawa, T. Abe, Y. Yamazaki, T. Kosone, and Hitoshi Takagi
Subjects: Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Pleural effusion, Urology, Portal hypertensive gastropathy, Oleic Acids, Esophageal and Gastric Varices, Gastroenterology, Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal, Internal medicine, Ascites, Hypertension, Portal, medicine, Gastric mucosa, Humans, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, Stomach Ulcer, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Radiological and Ultrasound Technology, business.industry, Pulmonary Infarction, General Medicine, Gastric varices, Balloon Occlusion, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Sclerosing Solutions, Surgery, medicine.anatomical_structure, Portal hypertension, Female, medicine.symptom, business, Varices
Abstract: The type, incidence, and severity of complications of balloon-occluded retrograde transvenous obliteration (B-RTO) for gastric varices should be precisely estimated. Complications were evaluated in 38 patients who had fundic gastric varices and 43 B-RTO procedures during injection of ethanolamine oleate (phase 1), within 4 h after injection (phase 2), 24 h after injection (phase 3), and from 24 h to 10 days after injection (phase 4). Endoscopic evaluation at 8 weeks showed resolution of gastric varices in 35 of 38 patients (92%) and smaller varices in the remaining three (8%). B-RTO caused transient hypertension in 35% of patients, hemoglobinuria in 49%, and fever in 33% during phases 1, 2, and 3, respectively. Pleural effusion, pulmonary infarction, ascites, gastric ulcers with unique appearance, localized mosaic-like change of gastric mucosa, and hemorrhagic portal hypertensive gastropathy were noted in phase 4. There were no fatalities. Lactate dehydrogenase, aspartate aminotransferase, and bilirubin increased on day 1. Each datum was retrieved within 7 days. The severity of lactate dehydrogenase elevation correlated significantly with the volume of infused ethanolamine oleate. Thus, B-RTO is a safe and effective management of fundic varices. However, short-term hemodynamic change after B-RTO may cause gastric mucosal damage. Pulmonary infarction and pleural effusion are potential complications.
Published: 2005

39. Multiple basilar artery trunk aneurysms associated with fibromuscular dysplasia

Author: H. Arai, K. Onda, and T. Kimura
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Neurology, Fibromuscular dysplasia, Aneurysm, Ruptured, stomatognathic system, medicine.artery, Basilar artery, Medicine, Fibromuscular Dysplasia, Humans, cardiovascular diseases, Multiple aneurysms, Neuroradiology, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Headache, Interventional radiology, Intracranial Aneurysm, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Surgical Instruments, Trunk, Trochlear Nerve Diseases, Treatment Outcome, cardiovascular system, Surgery, Female, Neurology (clinical), Neurosurgery, Radiology, business, Tomography, X-Ray Computed, circulatory and respiratory physiology
Abstract: An association between fibromuscular dysplasia (FMD) and intracranial aneurysms has been proposed but the occurrence of multiple aneurysms on the trunk of basilar artery (BA) associated with FMD has not been previously reported.
Published: 2004

40. Prevention of left ventricular thrombus formation during pneumatic pump assist

Author: T Sugano, H Arai, T Sakamoto, T Maruyama, and A Suzuki
Subjects: Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Heart Diseases, Heart Ventricles, medicine.medical_treatment, Diastole, Intra-Aortic Balloon Pumping, Balloon, Fatal Outcome, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, Thrombus, Heart-Assist Devices, Ultrasonography, business.industry, Thrombosis, Left ventricular thrombus, medicine.disease, Surgery, medicine.anatomical_structure, Ventricle, Ventricular assist device, cardiovascular system, Cardiology, Female, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business
Abstract: A postcardiotomy patient with a pneumatic pulsatile pump for left ventricular assist showed a smoke-like swirling echo within the left ventricle during pump assist. The image disappeared partially during intra-aortic balloon pumping, which was performed as usual. Subsequently, three pumps (native left ventricle, pneumatic and intra-aortic balloon) were driven synchronously; that is, the ventricular assist pump ejected the blood in the first half of the diastole of the native heart beat, and the intra-aortic balloon was inflated during the second half. With this bisected diastolic driving, the abnormal echo disappeared completely. The patient died 52 days after operation, but no thromboembolic episode was observed during the course, and no fresh thrombus was found within the left ventricle at autopsy. The bisected diastolic driving method served as an aid to prevent stagnation of blood and thrombus formation within the native left ventricle in this patient with a left ventricular assist device.
Published: 1995

41. [Prevention of parenchymal air leakage after lung resection; comparison of effectiveness in drug formation of fibrin adhesive]

Author: Hiroyuki, Ito, H, Nakayama, H, Arai, S, Karita, A, Shotsu, and A, Fujita
Subjects: Dosage Forms, Lung Diseases, Male, Postoperative Complications, Fistula, Air, Humans, Female, Fibrin Tissue Adhesive, Middle Aged, Pneumonectomy, Aged, Retrospective Studies
Abstract: We investigated the comparative effectiveness of the seat and glue types of fibrin adhesive, to clarify which is more useful in preventing postoperative parenchymal air leaks after lung resection. One hundred sixteen patients received fibrin adhesive to prevent postoperative air leakage after lung resection carried out by the same surgeon. Ninety-two lobectomies and 24 partial resections were assessed. There were 29 patients with emphysematous lung. In the seat type group, an average of 2.6 postoperative days elapsed before chest drain removal. In the glue type, this average was 3.2 days, a significant difference. This difference was also evident in the lobectomy group. However, among emphysematous lung patients and the partial resection group, there was no apparent difference. Prolonged air leakage was seen in 2 patients with emphysematous lung, but no difference in terms of drug formation could be seen. The seated type of fibrin adhesive was more useful than the glue type in preventing postoperative air leaks, but in emphysematous lung patients, better surgical technique would seem to be the critical factor.
Published: 2003

42. [Liposarcoma of the pleural cavity; report of a case]

Author: H, Arai, H, Nakayama, H, Ito, A, Fujita, M, Ikehara, G, Tanaka, F, Oshita, K, Yamada, I, Nomura, K, Noda, A, Mitsuda, and Y, Kameda
Subjects: Adult, Pleural Cavity, Humans, Female, Liposarcoma, Thoracic Neoplasms, Thoracic Surgical Procedures
Abstract: A 43-year-old-woman who had sever anterior chest pain visited our hospital on April 3, 2000. A well-defined abnormal shadow was seen in the middle and lower field of the right lung on chest X-ray. Computed tomography showed a large fat density mass in the right pleural cavity with a septum enhanced by contrast medium. Percutaneous needle biopsy revealed lipoma or liposarcoma. Complete resection could be done with combined resection of right lung, lpericardium, parietal pleura and diaphragm. Final histologic diagnosis was well differentiated liposarcoma. There are few reports of liposarcoma arising in the thoracic cavity, we present our case and review the 23 cases reported from the Japanese literatures.
Published: 2003

43. Application of denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) to the analysis of microbial communities of subgingival plaque

Author: C, Fujimoto, H, Maeda, S, Kokeguchi, S, Takashiba, F, Nishimura, H, Arai, K, Fukui, and Y, Murayama
Subjects: DNA, Bacterial, Male, Adolescent, Bacteria, 5' Flanking Region, Dental Plaque, Streptococcus, Sequence Analysis, DNA, Middle Aged, Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Polymerase Chain Reaction, Prevotella intermedia, GC Rich Sequence, Aggressive Periodontitis, RNA, Ribosomal, 16S, Humans, Periodontal Pocket, Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel, Female, Neisseria, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Genome, Bacterial, Aged
Abstract: Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) was applied to the microbiologic examination of subgingival plaque.The PCR primers were designed from conserved nucleotide sequences on 16S ribosomal RNA gene (16SrDNA) with GC rich clamp at the 5'-end. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed using the primers and genomic DNAs of typical periodontal bacteria. The generated 16SrDNA fragments were separated by denaturing gel.Although the sizes of the amplified DNA fragments were almost the same among the species, 16SrDNAs of the periodontal bacteria were distinguished according to their specific sequences. The microflora of clinical plaque samples were profiled by the PCR-DGGE method, and the dominant 16SrDNA bands were cloned and sequenced. Simultaneously, Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, Porphyromonas gingivalis and Prevotella intermedia were detected by an ordinary PCR method. In the deep periodontal pockets, the bacterial community structures were complicated and P. gingivalis was the most dominant species, whereas the DGGE profiles were simple and Streptococcus or Neisseria species were dominant in the shallow pockets. The species-specific PCR method revealed the presence of A. actinomycetemcomitans, P. gingivalis and P. intermedia in the clinical samples. However, corresponding bands were not always observed in the DGGE profiles, indicating a lower sensitivity of the DGGE method.Although the DGGE method may have a lower sensitivity than the ordinary PCR methods, it could visualize the bacterial qualitative compositions and reveal the major species of the plaque. The DGGE analysis and following sequencing may have the potential to be a promising bacterial examination procedure in periodontal diseases.
Published: 2003

44. Clinical manifestations, character of aneurysms, and surgical results for unruptured cerebral aneurysms presenting with ophthalmic symptoms

Author: A, Nishino, Y, Sakurai, H, Arai, S, Nishimura, S, Suzuki, and H, Uenohara
Subjects: Male, Cerebral Revascularization, Vision Disorders, Intracranial Aneurysm, Cerebral Infarction, Middle Aged, Surgical Instruments, Cerebral Angiography, Ocular Motility Disorders, Postoperative Complications, Basal Ganglia Diseases, Internal Capsule, Humans, Female, Craniotomy, Aged
Abstract: Cases with unruptured cerebral aneurysms presenting with visual symptoms were investigated about their site, size, symptom, operative methods and results.Between 1984 and 1999, 8 cases were treated in Sendai National Hospital. One man and 7 women, mean age 66.4 years. Ophthalmic symptoms were as follows: diplopia in 6, visual acuity deterioration in 2, impaired visual field in 2 and ptosis in 3. Aneurysm location was IC cavernous in 3, IC ophthalmic in 3, ICPC in 1 and Acom in 1. Aneurysms of more than 25 mm numbered 6 cases.Operative methods and results were as follows: Direct clipping 3 cases, parent artery occlusion + EC/IC bypass 4 cases, Aneurysm trapping + EC/IC bypass 1 case. One patient who underwent direct clipping died following intraoperative complication. Of the remaining 7 cases, visual symptoms were improved in 4, remained unchanged in 2 cases, worsened in 1 case.These results suggest that in cases with unruptured large or giant aneurysms presenting with ophthalmic symptoms, especially in IC cavernous or IC ophthalmic aneurysms, parent artery occlusion + EC/IC bypass is the safest operative procedure.
Published: 2002

45. Validation of left ventricular function from gated single photon computed emission tomography by using a scintillator-photodiode camera: a dynamic myocardial phantom study

Author: Y. Morita, Koichi Morita, H. Arai, Megumi Mabuchi, Chietsugu Katoh, Eriko Tsukamoto, Naoki Kubo, and Nagara Tamaki
Subjects: Heart Ventricles, Single-photon emission computed tomography, Sensitivity and Specificity, Imaging phantom, Ventricular Function, Left, medicine, Humans, Ventricular Function, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, End-systolic volume, Physics, Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon, Ejection fraction, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Phantoms, Imaging, Reproducibility of Results, Gated Blood-Pool Imaging, Stroke Volume, General Medicine, Equipment Design, Anger Camera, Semiconductors, End-diastolic volume, Tomography, Nuclear medicine, business, Perfusion, Algorithms
Abstract: A scintillator-photodiode camera is able to acquire single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) images by using a rotating chair system. We validated the left ventricular (LV) parameters of this camera system utilizing a dynamic myocardial phantom. Gated myocardial SPECT of a dynamic myocardial phantom (Hokkaido University type; end diastolic volume (EDV), 143 ml; end systolic volume (ESV), 107 ml; ejection fraction (EF), 25%) was performed with this scintillation camera. LV parameters were calculated using pre-installed software (Mirage Myocardial Perfusion SPECT) (study 1) and the other software (QGS; Cedars-Sinai) (study 2). For comparison, SPECT from a traditional Anger camera were processed by the QGS software (study 3). The estimated volumes were similar among the three studies (EDV, 110+/-8 ml in study 1, 112+/-2 ml in study 2 and 111+/-1 ml in study 3; ESV, 86+/-8 ml in study 1, 93+/-4 ml in study 2 and 91+/-2 ml in study 3). The estimated EFs were 23+/-3%, 17+/-2%, and 18+/-1%, respectively. The calculated volume within each study was underestimated by approximately the same degree. However, each estimated EF value for each study was close to the actual value. The estimated LV function using the scintillator-photodiode camera system may be considered as a suitable alternative to the traditional Anger camera system.
Published: 2002

46. Effects of nifedipine retard on heart rate and autonomic balance in patients with ischemic heart disease

Author: H, Sato, H, Arai, E, Fukuda, Y, Tsutsumi, M, Yamamoto, T, Aizawa, and F L, Long-Tai
Subjects: Male, Nifedipine, Myocardial Ischemia, Middle Aged, Autonomic Nervous System, Calcium Channel Blockers, Circadian Rhythm, Heart Rate, Delayed-Action Preparations, Humans, Female, Wakefulness, Sleep, Aged
Abstract: The aim of this study was to explore the effects of nifedipine retard on heart rate and autonomic balance in patients with ischemic heart disease. Fourteen patients with ischemic heart disease (12 men and two women; mean age 64 years) were administered nifedipine retard at a daily dose of 20-40 mg. Changes in heart rate and autonomic balance were studied using Holter monitoring before and after 12 weeks of nifedipine therapy Heart rate was unchanged during sleep but was higher during the day after nifedipine retard administration. The high frequency power spectrum of heart rate variability (indicating parasympathetic activity) was lower during the day after nifedipine retard therapy but was unchanged during sleep. The low frequency power to high frequency power ratio, indicating sympathetic activity was unchanged during the day and during sleep. Nifedipine retard increased the heart rate of patients with ischemic heart disease only during the day and reduced parasympathetic activity.
Published: 2002

47. [Hyperlipidemia]

Author: H, Arai
Subjects: Humans, Hyperlipidemias
Published: 2002

48. [A case of convergence spasm in hysteria improved with a brief psychiatric assessment]

Author: A, Suzuki, H, Mochizuki, Y, Kajiyama, M, Kimura, T, Furukawa, G, Ichikawa, H, Arai, and Y, Mizuno
Subjects: Spasm, Adolescent, Conversion Disorder, Humans, Psychotherapy, Brief, Female, Convergence, Ocular
Abstract: We report a 16-year-old female who developed double vision. The diplopia was in the horizontal plane and persisted for 3 weeks. She also complained of headache and nausea. She kept her eyes closed unless she was told to open. When eyelids were passively open, both eyes deviated inward in an adducted position. The pupil size and the reaction to light were normal. No weakness was noted in the extraocular muscles when each eye was examined individually. The rest of the neurologic examinations were normal. We thought that she had a convergence spasm. Brain CT and MRI were normal. The CSF and blood chemistries were also normal. We treated her with supportive psychotherapy and her convergence spasm disappeared. We concluded that her convergence spasm was a manifestation of conversion hysteria.
Published: 2002

49. [The prevention of pneumonia in the elderly by dopamine agonists]

Author: T, Satou, H, Wada, H, Arai, and H, Sasaki
Subjects: Levodopa, Stroke, Dopamine Agonists, Amantadine, Humans, Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors, Pneumonia, Aspiration, Aged
Published: 2002

50. Examination of oncogene amplification by genomic DNA microarray in hepatocellular carcinomas: comparison with comparative genomic hybridization analysis

Author: S, Takeo, H, Arai, N, Kusano, T, Harada, T, Furuya, S, Kawauchi, A, Oga, T, Hirano, T, Yoshida, K, Okita, and K, Sasaki
Subjects: Adult, Chromosome Aberrations, Male, Carcinoma, Hepatocellular, Genetic Techniques, Liver Neoplasms, Humans, Nucleic Acid Hybridization, Female, Oncogenes, Middle Aged, Aged, Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis
Abstract: To identify amplified oncogenes involved in hepatocellular carcinomas (HCC), we applied a genomic DNA microarray spotted with 57 oncogenes to 20 HCCs. Aberrations in DNA copy number also were analyzed by comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) using an aliquot of DNA samples. In 5 of 20 HCCs, only 6 oncogenes (CCND1, FGF3/FGF4, SAS/CDK4, TERC, MET, and MYC) were amplified, whereas in the remaining 15 tumors no oncogenes were amplified. A comparison of DNA microarray and conventional CGH analyses showed that, although 5 of 6 amplified oncogenes shown by microarray were located in chromosomal regions shown by CGH to have increased DNA copy numbers, not all genes located in such chromosomal regions were affected. One of the amplified oncogenes (SAS/CDK4) was found in a chromosomal region that was undetected by CGH. We, therefore, conclude that amplification of the oncogenes examined in this series is not directly implicated in hepatocellular carcinogenesis.
Published: 2001

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