1. Vaccine-Induced Protection from Homologous Tier 2 SHIV Challenge in Nonhuman Primates Depends on Serum-Neutralizing Antibody Titers
- Author
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Matthias G, Pauthner, Joseph P, Nkolola, Colin, Havenar-Daughton, Ben, Murrell, Samantha M, Reiss, Raiza, Bastidas, Jérémie, Prévost, Rebecca, Nedellec, Benjamin, von Bredow, Peter, Abbink, Christopher A, Cottrell, Daniel W, Kulp, Talar, Tokatlian, Bartek, Nogal, Matteo, Bianchi, Hui, Li, Jeong Hyun, Lee, Salvatore T, Butera, David T, Evans, Lars, Hangartner, Andrés, Finzi, Ian A, Wilson, Richard T, Wyatt, Darrell J, Irvine, William R, Schief, Andrew B, Ward, Rogier W, Sanders, Shane, Crotty, George M, Shaw, Dan H, Barouch, Dennis R, Burton, AII - Infectious diseases, and Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention
- Subjects
AIDS Vaccines ,HIV vaccine ,correlates of protection ,Vaccination ,Simian Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome ,env Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus ,HIV ,HIV Infections ,HIV Antibodies ,Antibodies, Neutralizing ,Macaca mulatta ,Article ,tier 2 protection ,Animals ,Humans ,Simian Immunodeficiency Virus ,neutralizing antibodies ,non-human primates ,ADCC ,BG505 - Abstract
Summary Passive administration of HIV neutralizing antibodies (nAbs) can protect macaques from hard-to-neutralize (tier 2) chimeric simian-human immunodeficiency virus (SHIV) challenge. However, conditions for nAb-mediated protection after vaccination have not been established. Here, we selected groups of 6 rhesus macaques with either high or low serum nAb titers from a total of 78 animals immunized with recombinant native-like (SOSIP) Env trimers. Repeat intrarectal challenge with homologous tier 2 SHIVBG505 led to rapid infection in unimmunized and low-titer animals. High-titer animals, however, demonstrated protection that was gradually lost as nAb titers waned over time. An autologous serum ID50 nAb titer of ∼1:500 afforded more than 90% protection from medium-dose SHIV infection. In contrast, antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity and T cell activity did not correlate with protection. Therefore, Env protein-based vaccination strategies can protect against hard-to-neutralize SHIV challenge in rhesus macaques by inducing tier 2 nAbs, provided appropriate neutralizing titers can be reached and maintained., Graphical Abstract, Highlights • HIV Env trimer immunization protects from autologous tier 2 challenge in macaques • Neutralizing antibody (nAb) titers correlate with protection and peak viremia • T cell and ADCC functions do not correlate with protection • nAb titers of ∼1:500 (pseudovirus)/∼1:30 (live virus) required for ∼90% protection, Vaccine-induced immunity to HIV is a major research focus, but relevant correlates of protection remain controversial. Here, Pauthner et al. study protection from hard-to-neutralize SHIVBG505 challenge after immunization with native-like BG505 Envelope trimers in nonhuman primates and identify neutralizing antibodies, but not T cell or ADCC activity, as correlates of protection.
- Published
- 2019