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Taraxacum officinale (dandelion), a common herbal medicine, is widely used in medical and food fields. However, most reports about the quality control (QC) of dandelion are single, they focus on the qualitative or quantitative aspect only. Therefore, the study aimed to evaluate the quality consistency of dandelion from both qualitative and quantitative aspects and to explore potential antioxidant components in combination with five-wavelength fusion fingerprint. At first, 18 batches of samples were separated and identified using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Additionally, a five-wavelength fusion fingerprint was performed to avoid the one-sidedness of a single wavelength. The similarity analysis of fingerprint was performed by an equal weight ratio quantitative fingerprint method, which was proved to be a comprehensive method for further discrimination and holistic quality evaluation of dandelion. Furthermore, the in vitro antioxidant activity was studied, OPLS models were obtained for the analysis of fingerprint-efficacy relationships, which offered significant medicinal efficacy information for quality control. The results illustrated that the overall and inner quality information of dandelion can be found by the novel method, which provides a reliable and comprehensive reference for the quality assessment of dandelion and any other herbal medicines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The quality of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is the premise to ensure its safety and effectiveness in clinical application. In this study, a complete quality control system for four-dimensional fingerprinting of TCM was innovatively constructed based on multiple detection techniques, and the quality of Shuanghuanglian oral liquid (SHL) was evaluated. Electrochemical fingerprinting (ECFP) as an emerging method without pretreatment provides rich and quantifiable information for SHL samples. The first quantitative ECFP of SHL was developed by the B-Z oscillation system. Eight characteristic parameters were analyzed and a good linear relationship was found between the oscillation lifetime and sample volume, by which the calculated values of the added sample volume (VL) showed different fluctuations between samples. What is more, high-performance liquid chromatography five-wavelength fusion fingerprint (HPLC-FWFP), GC fingerprint (GC-FP), and UV quantum fingerprint (UV-QFP) was established. Meanwhile, the purity of the peaks of the HPLC-FWFP was verified by the dual-wavelength absorption coefficient ratio spectrum (DWAR). Equal weighted ratio quantitative fingerprinting method (EWRQFM) was successfully proposed to extract all potential features for the overall quality assessment of the samples. Finally, a comprehensive evaluation strategy was proposed, namely the variation coefficient weighting algorithm (VCWA). The results of qualitative and quantitative evaluation of HPLC-FWFP, GC-FP, electrochemical quantum fingerprints (EC-QFP), and UV-QFP were integrated by this method. The established evaluation system is also a suitable strategy to control the quality of other TCM preparations. [Display omitted] • Developed the electrochemical fingerprint of Shuanghuanglian oral liquid firstly. • Explored electrochemical fingerprint to characterize TCM liquid preparation. • Created the electrochemical quantum fingerprints by means of merging points. • The purity of the chromatographic peaks was identified by the simple method. • A four-dimensional comprehensive fingerprinting evaluation system was established. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Xiaozhong Zhitong tincture (XZZTT), a prominent Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) formulation comprising 21 intricate herbal components, poses a challenge in terms of quality control due to its complex composition and the interplay of diverse chemical constituents. To address this issue, a comprehensive assessment strategy was devised by integrating chromatographic and electrochemical techniques to construct a multidimensional fingerprint for XZZTT samples. This study encompassed the evaluation of 42 XZZTT samples through a systematic quantitative fingerprinting method (SQFM), while also quantifying the concentrations of four specific compounds—Geniposide, Palmatine hydrochloride, Paeonol, and Chlorogenic acid. The experimental approach encompassed the establishment of fingerprints using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC), Gas Chromatography (GC), and GC-HPLC tandem fingerprints methods. Furthermore, electrochemical fingerprints (ECFP) were established using the B-Z oscillation system, and eight characteristic parameters in the oscillation system were recorded and compared among samples. Hierarchical Clustering Analysis (HCA) was subsequently employed to classify the distinct fingerprints and compare outcomes from one-dimensional spectroscopy, GC-HPLC tandem chromatography, and the fusion fingerprints. Finally, Grey Relation Analysis (GRA) was harnessed to unravel the relationship between ECFP outcomes and peak areas in fusion fingerprints, facilitating predictions regarding the substances' reducing potency. In conclusion, the rational combination of multidimensional fingerprinting and multidimensional analysis provides a reliable and comprehensive method for the evaluation of XZZTT and its related products. • Proposed multidimensional fingerprinting for TCM quality control using SQFM. • Created four-wavelength fusion profile for comprehensive sample assessment. • Developed HPLC and GC fingerprinting tandem for volatile/non-volatile analysis. • Used EC analysis to measure reducing power, linking to chromatographic efficacy. • Predicted EC fingerprint and chromatographic peaks correlation by GRA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• This paper put forward the standard preparation control mode. • The systematically quantified fingerprint method and markers' content to evaluate the quality consistency of CPLT. • The QAMS was proposed to calculate the markers' contents in CPLT, and compared to the standard curve method, it is accurate. • Correlation of raw materials with preparation and predicting quality intelligently were proposed to avoid inferior product. • The UV full fingerprint dissolution was applied to evaluate the rationality of preparation process. The standard preparation (SP) based on the quantitative fingerprint was proposed to control the quality of compound licorice tablets (CPLTs) in this paper, which is a great way to control the quality consistency nowadays. Here, taking China 145 batches of CPLTs from 9 manufacturers as samples to set up High Performance Liquid Chromatography fingerprints and CPLT-SP, and employing the systematically quantified fingerprint method (SQFM) combined five markers' contents to evaluate their quality. The results showed that all samples were qualified. The quantitative analysis of multi-components by single-marker (QAMS) for the determination of five components in CPLTs was applied, and there was no striking diversity in the results compared to the standard curve method. Furthermore, the correlation between raw materials and preparation of CPLTs was studied for predicting quality intelligently. As well as the ultraviolet full fingerprint dissolution was applied to evaluate the rationality of preparation. The results demonstrated that SQFM based on SP can integrally and perfectly control the quality of HD in best consistency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]