Search

Your search keyword '"gut barrier permeability"' showing total 2 results
Start Over Descriptor "gut barrier permeability" Topic gut-brain axis
2 results on '"gut barrier permeability"'

1. Microbe and host interaction in gastrointestinal homeostasis.

Author

Horne, Rachael, St. Pierre, James, Odeh, Sufian, Surette, Michael, and Foster, Jane A.

Subjects
*GUT microbiome, *THERAPEUTICS, *PERMEABILITY, *MICROORGANISMS, *GENETICS
Abstract

Rationale: Researchers in psychiatry and neuroscience are increasingly recognizing the importance of gut-brain communication in mental health. Both genetics and environmental factors influence gut microbiota composition and function. This study examines host-microbe signaling at the gastrointestinal barrier to identify bottom-up mechanisms of microbiota-brain communication. Objectives: We examined differences in gut microbiota composition and fecal miRNA profiles in BALB/c and C57BL/6 mice, in relation to gastrointestinal homeostasis and evaluated the response to perturbation of the gut microbiota by broad-spectrum antibiotic treatment. Methods and results: Differences in the gut microbiota composition between BALB/c and C57BL/6 mice, evaluated by fecal 16S rRNA gene sequencing, included significant differences in genera Prevotella, Alistipes, Akkermansia, and Ruminococcus. Significant differences in fecal miRNA profiles were determined using the nCounter NanoString platform. A BLASTn analysis identified conserved fecal miRNA target regions in bacterial metagenomes with 14 significant correlations found between fecal miRNA and predicted taxa relative abundance in our dataset. Treatment with broad-spectrum antibiotics for 2 weeks resulted in a host-specific physiological response at the gastrointestinal barrier including a decrease in barrier permeability in BALB/c mice and alterations in the expression of barrier regulating genes in both strains. Genera Parabacteroides and Bacteroides were associated with changes in barrier function. Conclusions: The results of this study provide insight into how specific taxa influence gut barrier integrity and function. More generally, these data in the context of recent published studies makes a significant contribution to our understanding of host-microbe interactions providing new knowledge that can be harnessed by us and others in future mechanistic studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2019
Full Text
View/download PDF

2. Microbe and host interaction in gastrointestinal homeostasis

Author

Sufian Odeh, James St. Pierre, Michael G. Surette, Jane A. Foster, and Rachael G. Horne

Subjects
Gut–brain axis, Gut flora, 03 medical and health sciences, Feces, Mice, 0302 clinical medicine, Species Specificity, Antibiotics, RNA, Ribosomal, 16S, Prevotella, Animals, Homeostasis, Alistipes, Barrier function, 16S rRNA gene sequencing, Original Investigation, Pharmacology, Genetics, Mice, Inbred BALB C, biology, Host Microbial Interactions, Ruminococcus, Akkermansia, biology.organism_classification, 3. Good health, 030227 psychiatry, Gastrointestinal Microbiome, Gastrointestinal Tract, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Gut barrier permeability, Female, Bacteroides, Inbred strain, Gut-brain axis, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract

Rationale Researchers in psychiatry and neuroscience are increasingly recognizing the importance of gut-brain communication in mental health. Both genetics and environmental factors influence gut microbiota composition and function. This study examines host-microbe signaling at the gastrointestinal barrier to identify bottom-up mechanisms of microbiota-brain communication. Objectives We examined differences in gut microbiota composition and fecal miRNA profiles in BALB/c and C57BL/6 mice, in relation to gastrointestinal homeostasis and evaluated the response to perturbation of the gut microbiota by broad-spectrum antibiotic treatment. Methods and results Differences in the gut microbiota composition between BALB/c and C57BL/6 mice, evaluated by fecal 16S rRNA gene sequencing, included significant differences in genera Prevotella, Alistipes, Akkermansia, and Ruminococcus. Significant differences in fecal miRNA profiles were determined using the nCounter NanoString platform. A BLASTn analysis identified conserved fecal miRNA target regions in bacterial metagenomes with 14 significant correlations found between fecal miRNA and predicted taxa relative abundance in our dataset. Treatment with broad-spectrum antibiotics for 2 weeks resulted in a host-specific physiological response at the gastrointestinal barrier including a decrease in barrier permeability in BALB/c mice and alterations in the expression of barrier regulating genes in both strains. Genera Parabacteroides and Bacteroides were associated with changes in barrier function. Conclusions The results of this study provide insight into how specific taxa influence gut barrier integrity and function. More generally, these data in the context of recent published studies makes a significant contribution to our understanding of host-microbe interactions providing new knowledge that can be harnessed by us and others in future mechanistic studies. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1007/s00213-019-05218-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Published
2018

Catalog

Books, media, physical & digital resources
See catalog results