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Microbe and host interaction in gastrointestinal homeostasis
- Source :
- Psychopharmacology
- Publication Year :
- 2018
-
Abstract
- Rationale Researchers in psychiatry and neuroscience are increasingly recognizing the importance of gut-brain communication in mental health. Both genetics and environmental factors influence gut microbiota composition and function. This study examines host-microbe signaling at the gastrointestinal barrier to identify bottom-up mechanisms of microbiota-brain communication. Objectives We examined differences in gut microbiota composition and fecal miRNA profiles in BALB/c and C57BL/6 mice, in relation to gastrointestinal homeostasis and evaluated the response to perturbation of the gut microbiota by broad-spectrum antibiotic treatment. Methods and results Differences in the gut microbiota composition between BALB/c and C57BL/6 mice, evaluated by fecal 16S rRNA gene sequencing, included significant differences in genera Prevotella, Alistipes, Akkermansia, and Ruminococcus. Significant differences in fecal miRNA profiles were determined using the nCounter NanoString platform. A BLASTn analysis identified conserved fecal miRNA target regions in bacterial metagenomes with 14 significant correlations found between fecal miRNA and predicted taxa relative abundance in our dataset. Treatment with broad-spectrum antibiotics for 2 weeks resulted in a host-specific physiological response at the gastrointestinal barrier including a decrease in barrier permeability in BALB/c mice and alterations in the expression of barrier regulating genes in both strains. Genera Parabacteroides and Bacteroides were associated with changes in barrier function. Conclusions The results of this study provide insight into how specific taxa influence gut barrier integrity and function. More generally, these data in the context of recent published studies makes a significant contribution to our understanding of host-microbe interactions providing new knowledge that can be harnessed by us and others in future mechanistic studies. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1007/s00213-019-05218-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
- Subjects :
- Gut–brain axis
Gut flora
03 medical and health sciences
Feces
Mice
0302 clinical medicine
Species Specificity
Antibiotics
RNA, Ribosomal, 16S
Prevotella
Animals
Homeostasis
Alistipes
Barrier function
16S rRNA gene sequencing
Original Investigation
Pharmacology
Genetics
Mice, Inbred BALB C
biology
Host Microbial Interactions
Ruminococcus
Akkermansia
biology.organism_classification
3. Good health
030227 psychiatry
Gastrointestinal Microbiome
Gastrointestinal Tract
Mice, Inbred C57BL
Gut barrier permeability
Female
Bacteroides
Inbred strain
Gut-brain axis
030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 14322072
- Volume :
- 236
- Issue :
- 5
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Psychopharmacology
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....a9867b2eeb1774b498b6261c54fcb963