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Important indicators of sustainable development of living space in urban settlements (city, town, settlements) include, in particular, the number of road accidents on the street and road network. For the last three years, the Kyiv Municipal Company "Road Traffic Management Center" has been developing and implementing a sophisticated approach to the Road Traffic Management in Kyiv (Ukraine). The approach proposed is possible when using a modern Geographic Information System (GIS) technologies, spatial databases, web-cartography. The paper describes the company had carried case study using the pilot project for studying the possibilities of developing General City' Road Traffic Management Scheme and further implementation in processes of planning, analysis and making decisions in the Road Traffic Management activities and processes.

The number of road accident victims is increasing every year in the world. Ukraine loses up to $ 5 billion annually. Organization Road Traffic Management in cities and rural areas can improve the situation on roads. The convergence of the digital technologies and mathematical and informational approaches allows analysis, determining causes and taking measures for preventing accidents. In the municipal company "Center for Traffic Management" (Kyiv, Ukraine) a pilot project has been carried for determining accident blackspots (places where road traffic accidents have historically been concentrated). Spatial data analysis using for blackspots definition has been proposed and had practical testing during the pilot realization. Open data about road accidents, open-source geoinformation systems, and Python programming language were used for the method implementation.

This paper presents a practical procedure using a completely new index to determine whether a sight-hidden dip (SHD), a common shortcoming in vertical alignment, is critical for traffic safety. This sort of hidden section could be a hazard for drivers since head-on crashes may occur during passing manoeuvres. Software which estimates sight distance and is based on geographic information systems was utilised to assess real cases of SHDs, according to the German guidelines for visualisation of highways. Also, a previously existing analytical method was used to perform the same analysis and the results were compared. Moreover, the index proposed to evaluate SHDs was applied to each case to obtain a threshold value that enables discernment between critical and non-critical sections using a maximum-likelihood criterion. The method was tested using 23 real cases where the reliability of the index was proved. Finally, recommendations to avoid SHDs are provided.

This paper examines the relationship between public and private investments in intelligent transportation system (ITS) technology and the effects on transportation performance through the highway system. ITS technology is an infrastructure that promotes integrated information sharing that can be used to improve system performance. ITS combines better infrastructure with information and control technologies to ( a) reduce traffic congestion by maintaining traffic flow, ( b) reduce transportation-generated pollution, ( c) improve transport efficiency, and ( d) produce economic benefits. A statistical analysis of partial least squares structural equation modeling was used to test three hypothesized relationships. Primary data were collected from U.S.-based commercial vehicle transportation service providers. Respondents were parceled with a geographic information system analysis of secondary data from the U.S. Department of Transportation National ITS Deployment Tracking Survey. On the basis of their level of regional ITS experience, primary data respondents were matched to regions and split between regions with low ITS experience and high ITS experience as a proxy for regional public investments in ITS. Performance measures were based on efficiency, reliability, responsiveness, quality, carbon emissions reduction, and equipment utilization for commercial vehicle operators. Results indicate that private investments in ITS significantly positively affect the responsiveness performance measure for commercial vehicle operators in regions with high public ITS investments. The same relationship is not significant in regions with low public ITS investments, which indicates at least some transportation performance improvements for regions with higher investments in ITS. Implications for research and practice are discussed.

CETRA '18, 5th International Conference on Road and Rail Infrastructure, ZADAR, CROATIE, 17-/05/2018 - 19/05/2018; An enormous amount of data in real space and better means of collecting, storing, analyzing and modeling are available through to the use of modern ICT solutions. Geographic Information Systems (GIS) are developed to make their basic operations a matrix for a thorough knowledge of the real world. With the development of modern information and communication technologies, these systems have become the means of an integrated, multidisciplinary approach to research, regardless of the space size and the dynamics of phenomena in it. Using the power of GIS systems, it is possible to improve and facilitate operations in all segments of traffic engineering, from planning to traffic management by performing spatial analyzes with appropriate visualization. Real benefits of using GIS are reflected in possibility of integrating spatial data with other types of information, such as various measurements in traffic and traffic statistics, into a single application for complex analysis. GIS enables the detection of patterns that would otherwise be difficult or impossible to notice, and provides additional assistance in essential understanding of complex real systems such as the transport system itself.

The widespread application of the Automatic Identification System has had a revolutionary impact on navigation technology. In terms of its impact on a vessel traffic service, it provides rich and real-time data on the vessels, which can be used for identification, tracking, and monitoring of vessels. The Automatic Identification System rapidly accumulates large volumes of data, and these data contain a very large number of implicit maritime traffic rules and characteristics, and thus, effective methods are needed to discover the knowledge contained therein. In this research, data warehouse and online analysis process technologies, which are utilized by ordinary business entities for large-quantity business information analysis, are applied to analyze Automatic Identification System information collected through a vessel traffic service. Automatic Identification System raw data collected in a harbor area are used for analysis and post-processing using the geographic information system and database technology, and the processed data with time and space characteristics are stored in an Automatic Identification System data warehouse. In addition, online analysis process technology, the Geographic Information System, and pivot analysis are utilized to perform rapid multidimensional, meaningful high-level information inquiries, analysis of marine traffic characteristics, and rule discovery in marine traffic. These can be used as references for port development planning, traffic forecasting, navigation safety assessment, and making other policy decisions.

Based on a brief introduction to Highway Safety Assessment (HSA) techniques and the application of a geographic information system (GIS) in highway safety, this study expounded on the necessity and feasibility of the introduction of GIS into HSA. Moreover, the application of GIS spatial analysis, spatial query, and integration techniques in highway design and in the operating phase of HSA were discussed. A GIS-based HSA technical system was then constructed. The main data source and the spatial analysis techniques used in the proposed technical system were proposed. The construction of an information platform as well as its main function modules was also proposed to facilitate the application of this technical system in HSA projects. The proposed technical system provides a new insight and direction for the development of HSA. The proposed technical system is important in the integration of highway data in highway design and operation, the improvement of the accuracy of HSA conclusions and in the ...

Traffic lights are very often equipped with cameras for smart disengagement of crossings. Surveillance cameras are placed in many key-points of the city's mobility for security purposes, such as neighbourhood entrances and parking areas. The idea of this study is to use this in place infrastructure, already installed and maintained by mobility stakeholders, without additional hardware costs. Combining these mobile and fixed sensors we created a Wireless Sensor Network and built on it a Geographic Information System (GIS) platform to manage and monitor urban mobility. We extended this integrated system with an interface to Simulation of Urban MObility (SUMO), an open-source microscopic and continuous road traffic simulation package. Input files of simulator are generated by the system from real mobility data. In this way our system manages and monitors urban mobility in real-time providing an useful instrument for planning the interventions mobility plans / infrastructures, being able to simulate the future state and further verify the effectiveness of what is realized.

The use of geographic information systems (GIS) is the most effective way of examining and evaluating the results of analyses which use a multitude of data and different criteria. GIS is a tool with which many types of data can be analysed and it can be used to evaluate traffic accidents and map out the most dangerous places or segments of road on a highway according to traffic accident data from previous years. In researching the reasons for traffic accidents, several statistical methods can be used to determine the most critical points, referred to as hot spots, where traffic accidents happen frequently. Traffic accident causes and consequences are not limited to the point at which the accident occurs. Since the hot spot concept was first used in accident analysis, many methods of detecting hot spots have been described in the literature. In this study, instead of using the classic methods of hot spot detection, the hot pieces (HPCS) method has been used to determine the critical stretches of road where the accidents happen. The probable hot spots (PRHS) process aims to anticipate the critical points. Both HPCS and PRHS have the same importance. Whereas HPCS evaluates the road in lengths to determine the dangerous zones, PRHS identifies risky candidate points which may become hot spots in the near future. The main purpose of the study was the analysis of traffic accidents which occurred in Konya, to identify causal factors and take action to reduce future accidents. To establish the feasibility of the project, data were collected on traffic accidents occurring on the highways and junctions of the central roads of Konya city during the last 10 years. Some reconstruction applications and temporal precautions based on statistical results and related prediction maps are suggested to prevent traffic accidents in Konya.

Since the onset of rapid urbanisation and the growth in vehicular transport in China, the cycle time for supplying urban road demand has become shorter, requiring urban road traffic control information such as signal controls, traffic marks and signs to change dramatically. This has led to a much greater focus on how to collect, manage and update dynamic traffic control information and to analyse traffic resources with this information. The present study aimed to develop a system to manage road traffic control information and analyse traffic resources using visual techniques. In this system road traffic control information is represented as objects such as points, lines or regions in a geographic information system (GIS) and their specifications are stored in an attribute table of the objects. Moreover, graphic user interfaces were developed to process, edit, query, display and print the information. A road traffic resource analysis system has been developed based on the road network and the relevant traffic control information. This system has been implemented by the city police and is being used by the urban traffic police to manage and disseminate the information.

In this paper, we will introduce a fusion-based system composed of real-time traffic state surveillance. This system can realize the real-time traffic state estimation with over 10,000 bidirectional road sections, all the links of the Shanghai urban road network. The system consists of three modules: SCATS data processing (MS), GPS data processing (MG), and Fusion Module (FM). In MS, traffic information collected by SCATS is converted into a kind of link-based spatio-temporal mean-speeds. Similarly, the taxis'information is also calculated for the spatio-temporal mean-speeds by means of a GIS-T map in MG. The spatio- temporal mean-speed here is defined by the mean-speed of all the vehicles running on a link during a period of time. Finally, the mean-speeds from these two sources are fused using an improved evidential fusion model.

Given the high number of crashes occurring on highways, it is necessary to intensify the search for new tools that assist in understanding their causes. With this aim in mind, the authors have developed a computer system, named Highway Design Analysis (HDA), which analyses the relationship between the geometric characteristics of a highway and those characteristics that the driver expects to find. The system is based on the analysis of vehicles' operating speed and allows the selection of the operating speed prediction model to be used. Several speed prediction models, including the model developed in Spain in the current study, have been used in the case study. The information generated by the application developed has been integrated into a geographic information system (GIS) with the purpose of manipulating, analysing and showing the results in a more efficient way. The system developed is discussed along with its application to three highways.

Generating a buffer or service area around a feature is a very basic command of a geographic information system. However, most existing methods for doing so create simple distance-bounded geometric buffers. While these methods function well for many applications, they have limitations when dealing with network-based phenomena because they do not take the geometry or impedance of the underlying network into account. More complex methods can be used to create network-based service areas. While they tend to work well on the network itself they often do not allocate off-network areas on an exclusive basis. In our case study of light rail systems, we required a set of mutually exclusive network-based buffers. To create such buffers we developed a hierarchical raster-based algorithm. It is hierarchical in the sense that the off-network distance between each cell and its nearest network segment is calculated separately from the on-network distance between each segment and its nearest node. This method allows the creation of buffers bounded by distance or travel cost with true mutual exclusivity and realistic allocation of off-network areas.

The continuation of the downward trend in the number of injuries arising from road accidents in Britain and the effectiveness of casualty reduction targets are both dependent upon the availability of improved high-quality information. This paper describes the development of, and issues surrounding, an experimental road accident database within a geographical information system (GIS). It highlights ways in which the quality and completeness of road accident data may be improved by providing a separate definition of the road network and considers the benefits of using an object-oriented database system.

The TRANSYT program is one of the most extensively used programs for the production of signal coordination plans. The impediments to the development of signal coordination plans are associated with data collection and data input. GIS offers a natural solution to these problems. This paper presents the SIGTRAF system, which uses GIS-T technology for the production of coordination plans using TRANSYT. This system is able to extract topological information from the GIS-T, thus simplifying the process of coding TRANSYT models. A case study was performed, providing insight on how the GIS-T’s thematic mapping capabilities can be used to visually compare different timing plans.

To some extent, ship traffic density reflects the busy degree and risk degree of the vessel traffic water. Allegedly, the number of ship collision accidents is directly proportional to the quadratic of ship traffic density. Therefore, how to find out the crowded area with high ship traffic density in the port waters and to focus on monitoring ship and to optimize marine traffic flow, which are the urgent problems for the maritime safety administration. Based on analyzing the concept of ship traffic density and distribution of ship traffic density in marine traffic engineering, combining the advantages of spatial analysis in GIS(Geographic Information System) and the application of marine traffic engineering, this paper proposes a high-efficiency computing method of ship traffic density distribution in harbor water area based on GIS developer kit. A prototype experiment system for computing ship traffic density was built and applied to a harbor water area. The result indicates that this proposed method is feasible and efficient.

From 2011, XM Intelligent Management Real Time Systems, subsidiary of ISA, operation has started the operation of Traffic Control Center of Medellin, through the newly created company Sistemas Inteligentes en Red S.A.S. For the effective implementation of this work, it requires constant monitoring and clear of all elements involved in the vehicular traffic in the city. This task was made for several years with independent information systems that did not permit a complete and fast display of all elements. Additionally they were not georeferenced. What made it difficult decisions for the operator to the large amount of information handled in this process. This paper presents an information system addition to integrate and synthesize all the information, it presents in a georeferenced map of Medellin. The new system show the location of the traffic agents, traffic incidents, the red light cameras, video analytics, The Weather Network Early Warning System of Medellin (SIATA), programmed road closures and variable message signals VMS, they allow a fast understanding of the events on ways, and therefore timely execution of procedures in transit operation. The system was implemented in Arcgis Online, in addition to the above benefits, was the benchmark and starting point in the implementation of the new traffic management center HERMES. The advantage geographical in handling information and decisions, it represents to the Control Center key benefits for circulation in terms of lower response times and traffic incidents in the dynamic and online guidance to users of the road network, finally resulting in the improvement mobility of the city.

Floating cars equipped with GPS terminal distribute in road network as mobile detectors that can be used as an effective means of detecting the traffic conditions of road network, and taxi shall be an excellent detector for road network condition for its wide traffic coverage and broad time coverage. This paper carries on a quantitative analysis and evaluation on the condition of road network in the main urban area of Changsha city from three layers of "point-line-area", that is based on the data of urban geographical information of Changsha and the GPS data from about 6000 taxies in urban as the source of data, and taking SQL Server 2005 as the data management platform, and using Trans CAD for the secondary development. This research result shows that it can provide a quantitative reference for making traffic management plan and the evaluation of performance on the traffic control facility from intuitive and quick judgment on the urban traffic condition by floating car GPS data.

Traffic information is difficult to manage because of the characteristic of the huge amount of data, space, timeliness, and difficulties to describe. It is inconvenient for the traffic managers and travelers to understand and access the traffic information only depending on the form of promulgating by text or picture. So, the Geographic Information Systems (GIS) is introduced in the traffic management and promulgating system because of the traffic information urgently need by the current information society. The framework of the overall structure, main functions, database design, and system design in traffic information management and promulgating system based on GIS are discussed. The system can be convenient and efficient to extract and display the spatial information and attribute information of various sections of the road or traffic facilities. As well as through processing and analyzing traffic status information and traffic accident information, the road traffic incidents are to be early detected, early identified, early decided and early promulgate. So this system can be convenient for travelers and traffic managers to make decision.

Geographical information system (GIS) has been used more and more widely. Nowadays, the technology of GIS can play a vital role in the management system with its strong capability of processing spatial data information. Considering the actual needs of traffic and transportation at present, it has important practical significance than promoting safety management and intelligence of urban traffic by means of establishing geographical information system for transportation (GIS-T) which refers to application of GIS and modern computer technology. Especially under the abnormal conditions, such as urban road traffic accident, construction site, weather conditions or rush hours, that makes urban traffic safety management more difficult. In this case, it is of great significance that analyzing existing problems in urban traffic which badly needs to be resolved and discussing safety management of urban traffic and its affected factors, afterwards some measures are also proposed. Finally, it describes the design principle and frame of a monitoring and forewarning system of urban traffic safety based on GIS.

Guidance and driving direction traffic systems are being used increasingly and becoming popular more among Geographical Information Systems. Yahoo maps, MapQuest, and Google Earth are examples of online Internet applications. Vehicles navigation systems are also very popular examples. Calculating the best driving path (shorter in distance or faster in time) between two addresses is subject to many factors like distances, road situation, road traffic, road legal rules and others. STOS (Smart Traffic Online System), our previous work, presents an intelligent solution for finding a fast path between addresses using smart algorithms. However, STOS does not recognize the delays caused by traffic legal rules and laws like traffic lights, stop signs, and others. This paper presents the driving traffic problem, factors affecting the problem, and previous solutions. We extend our previous smart solution, STOS, by adding the traffic legal rules delays.

As an important stage of the whole traffic management, Road traffic safety evaluation is an effective method which is adopted to distinguish hidden accident, decrease the accident rate and the severity degree of accident. Combining with the road traffic safety management of our country, the paper establishes an evaluation index system of the road traffic safety, analyzes the advantage and necessity of building road safety evaluation using geographic information system (GIS), and the function, design method of road safety evaluation system based on GIS are probed into. The road safety evaluation based on GIS can constitute the corresponding safety strategies, advance the traffic safety management level of our country, prevent the accident effectively.

Roads provide the main means os transportation in Brazil. According to data from the Brazilian Department of Infraestructure and Transport, 96.2% of the passenger transportation and 61.8% of the cargo transportation are based on road infrastructure. However, three quarters of the Brazilian roads are in terrible, unsatisfactory or generally inadequate condition. Poor road conditions are responsible for a great number of accidents with severe consequences for the population and the environment. Given the importance of this matter, there is a need to develop an intelligent system for automatic classification of social and environmental sensititvity maps in order to support actions that respond to emergencies and to help in transportation planning, especially considering the heavy movement of harzadous cargo. For this, tools such as GIS (geographic information system) allow social-environmental and traffic engineering characterization maps to be analyzed on a unified, georreferenced digital base. This way, administrators can estimate which streches of the network are more environmentally vunerable. Social and environmental data not only help in the classification of the areas which pose the great risks, but also make it possible to decide on emergency supports points, creating a culture of prevention in the area of harzadous cargo transportation. The case study on the state of Rio Grande do Norte provides a measure of the importance of such work. The city of Natal and Guamaré petrochemical facility are interconnected by 180 Km road, on which more than 100 tanker trucks loaded with diesel and its derivates travel every day. This road is classified as in poor conditions. The relevance of this work is to show how information consolidated to a single database, georeferenced in a GIS program can assist planning for a safe transport of oil and hazardous cargos, benefiting not only the state´s population but the environment as a whole.

Timely maintenance of highways is very essential to create uninterrupted traffic flow that results in reduced traffic delays and operating costs. Federal as well as State governments are struggling to maintain highways due to budget limitations and lack of decision making tools that help to prioritize the highways that require immediate maintenance. A large number of software has been recently developed based on Geographical Information System (GIS) for the management of traffic, road conditions, and safety data. The majority of the software provides an interface between data and maps. This paper describes the process of developing a GIS-based maintenance management tool that assists in making a reliable and accurate decision regarding road maintenance and management. Factors like traffic counts, pavement conditions, maintenance costs, and alternative roadways available were taken into account in this tool to make a decision regarding prioritization of road maintenance. Synthetic data was used to test and verify the tool. The importance of the tool is discussed and recommendations regarding future research are provided.

The management of traditional traffic signs and markings can not meet the requirements of the changes of the road network, so using the GIS manages the system to ensure the safety and smooth of traffic. According to the feature of the GIS, this paper discusses the application of GIS in the traffic signs and markings management system, and describes the exploitation model, the construction of the database and main functions based on GIS.

The advent of geographic information systems (GIS) has created a technology with considerable potential for achieving dramatic gains in efficiency and productivity for a multitude of traditional and innovative highway management applications. However, to capitalize on GIS technology, it will be necessary for highway agencies to adapt the way in which they collect, store, and utilize data, as well as undergo fundamental changes in how they carry out technical responsibilities. This paper addresses these considerations through a study of: (1) highway management applications that can benefit from adaptation to GIS; (2) key GIS concepts affecting highway transportation; and (3) issues affecting GIS design and implementation within and between highway agencies. The results of this study are reported in terms of establishing guidelines for successfully achieving full GIS adaptation to highway management.

GIS-T is an effective means to enhance urban traffic management and relieve urban traffic pressure. According to the practice of Wuhan urban traffic management GIS (WHUTMGIS), this paper detailed explores and outlines the design and implement of the system

This paper describes a GIS-based traffic forecasts for transport planning of Guangdong Province in assessing the effects of road traffic plans. This work utilizes capabilities of GIS to integrate the multi-data from a transport planning activity to predict traffic volume impacts of different road traffic scenarios through twice development based on TransCAD software. It enables planners to test transport related road traffic changes at the same time as they are testing the traffic carrying efficiencies of complex and large-scale network plans. The suitability of this type of traffic forecasts for planning purposes is illustrated by using a case study.