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The article examines the global tendency of digitalization as a driving force for the development of the modern world economy. The introduction and development of advanced digital technologies in all spheres of public life in Kazakhstan is one of the main priority areas of state policy. The authors identified similarities and differences in digital transformation through comparative analysis by comprehending the bilateral experience of digitalization between Russia and Kazakhstan. For this purpose, an analysis of the results achieved, strategic programs and documents on the application and development of digital technologies between the two countries was carried out. Also, a review of the features of the formation of public opinion regarding the joint development of the digitalization sphere was carried out.

Despite the success of antiretroviral therapy (ART) for people living with HIV, lifelong treatment is required and there is no cure. HIV can integrate in the host genome and persist for the life span of the infected cell. These latently infected cells are not recognized as foreign because they are largely transcriptionally silent, but contain replication-competent virus that drives resurgence of the infection once ART is stopped. With a combination of immune activators, neutralizing antibodies, and therapeutic vaccines, some nonhuman primate models have been cured, providing optimism for these approaches now being evaluated in human clinical trials. In vivo delivery of gene-editing tools to either target the virus, boost immunity or protect cells from infection, also holds promise for future HIV cure strategies. In this Review, we discuss advances related to HIV cure in the last 5 years, highlight remaining knowledge gaps and identify priority areas for research for the next 5 years. An effective and scalable cure strategy is a top priority for the HIV research field; this Review discusses recent advances, knowledge gaps, and priority research areas for the next 5 years.

Growth and development that is not optimal is a form of chronic malnutrition, one of which is marked by height for age which is below the standard deviation (

Comprehensive protection of minors is one of the priority areas of criminal law policy. The pre-trial investigation, and their interrogation as its part, occupies a special place in the process of protection of minors and restoration of their violated rights. The interrogation of minors is a special procedure with clearly defined requirements. The aim of the study was to identify gaps in the regulation of interrogation of minors and suggest ways to address them. The methods used: system approach; descriptive statistics; comparison and juxtaposition; descriptive analysis; pragmatic approach; prognostication. The tactics of interrogation of a minor victim of a crime are legally defined in the national criminal procedural legislation of the vast majority of countries. The principles, rules, main measures, and purpose of interrogation of this category of victims in the pre-trial investigation are enshrined in the provisions of international regulations. These rules are based on the principle of child-friendly justice. But the practical conduct of the interrogation has several gaps, so it is necessary to clarify the rules of international and national regulations on certain provisions.

Environmental protection requires significant financial costs, accumulation and proper spending of funds for the implementation of environmental protection measures, environmental programs and resource-saving projects. Today in Ukraine the state budget is one of the main investors in environmental programs. The purpose of the article is to analyze and assess the state of budgetary financing of the sphere of environmental protection in Ukraine and make proposals for its improvement. The sources of financial support for environmental protection measures in Ukraine have been systematized. The dynamics of total expenditures on the environment, the volumes of actual and planned expenditures of the budget for environmental protection, as well as their structure were analyzed. It was revealed that over the past 5 years, total costs, and in particular budget expenditures for environmental protection in Ukraine, have increased by 1.8 times. However, their share in all expenditures on environmental protection decreased by 0.3%. In 2020, out of the total budgetary expenditures on the environment, most of the funds were allocated to the prevention and elimination of environmental pollution (over 70%) and waste disposal (33.8%). A negative phenomenon is the chronic underperformance of the indicators planned in the budget, as a result of which there is a significant underfunding of environmental protection. In general, over the past six years, the percentage of fulfillment of the planned budget expenditures on environmental protection ranged from 75.8% to 80.0%. To increase the efficiency of the formation and use of budgetary funds for environmental protection, it is necessary: 1) to ensure a sufficient amount of budgetary funding for environmental protection through the search for real additional sources of funding; 2) improve the procedure for budget forecasting and planning of allocation of funds for environmental activities; 3) ensure high-quality control over the timeliness of budget funds receipt, direct funds for their intended purpose in the more priority areas of development of the sphere of environmental protection; 4) ensure targeted and effective use of funds received for the implementation of environmental protection measures.

Formulating priorities for future road safety strategies requires supporting analysis to predict what the future crash population will look like and to assess how the countermeasures either already in place or planned will address the crash problems forecast. This analysis aimed to identify future priority action areas for light vehicle safety by identifying crash types that will not be fully addressed in the future by projected improvements in active and passive safety in the Australian light vehicle fleet. The future crash profile was modelled from 2017 to 2030 using crash data from 5 Australian jurisdictions overlayed with available evidence on vehicle safety feature fitment and effectiveness. The methodology can be applied to larger sets of safety technologies when sufficient evidence and supporting crash data become available. Three future vehicle safety priority areas were identified from the analysis: (i) fatal pedestrian crashes, (ii) single vehicle frontal crashes with objects, and (iii) front-to-front vehicle crashes both at intersections and midblocks, and front-to-side impacts at intersections including straight crossing path and right turn across path crash types. These crash types were projected to be the largest contributors to fatalities by 2030. Projections showed that remaining crash types in 2030 will be poorly addressed by current vehicle safety technologies such as autonomous emergency braking, lane departure warning and electronic stability control. Future vehicle safety policy priorities should address these crash types through the development of additional or enhanced vehicle safety technologies and where vehicle safety technology proves inadequate other countermeasures such as road infrastructure treatments and appropriate speed limit setting for high risk environments that address the key crash types remaining in the system.

At a new stage in the development of the Russian higher education system, missions are being adjusted, strategies and programs for the development of universities are being developed in accordance with global trends in the development of higher education and the challenges facing the country and regions. Amodern university plays an important role in ensuring the socio-economic development of the country and the region, participates in the implementation of national, federal and regional projects, strategic development programs. The basis of university development programs is the provision of training for the priority areas of scientific and technological development of the Russian Federation, sectors of the economy and the social sphere, the development and implementation of breakthrough scientific research and development, new creative and social and humanitarian projects, as well as their implementation in the economy and social sphere of high technologies. Important aspects of strategic planning of the university are the analysis of trends and challenges in the higher education system in Russia, as well as the study of the educational services market in the region. The paper analyzes the structure and dynamics of development of the national and regional (using the example of the Samara Region) higher educational systems in Russia, identifies general patterns and tendencies, identifies the directions of development of regional universities.

Zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis (ZCL) is one of the most prevalent zoonoses in Iran, especially in central and northeastern Iran. This research aimed to examine whether there were spatiotemporal clusters of ZCL cases, and if so, whether there were differences in clustering according to age, sex, area of residence, and occupation. Spatial analysis, including global and local spatial autocorrelations, inverse distance weighting, and space-time scan statistics, were used to determine potential clusters in the villages of Golestan from 2011-2016. Several spatially significant (p < 0.05) clusters were observed in the north and northeastern regions, and most persisted until the last year of the study period. Children (0-10 years) living in rural settings were more likely to have an infection than those living in other areas. Although the disease was centered in the northern regions, housekeepers, females, and patients aged 21-30 and 41-50 years were found to be the high-risk groups in the southern areas. The seasonal pattern indicated that the outbreak mainly began in late summer, peaked in October, and diminished in December. By exploring spatiotemporal variations of ZCL by sociodemographic information, this study was able to identify priority areas for decision-makers in healthcare and resource allocation.

This article is devoted to cooperation between the Russian Federation and the Republic of Kazakhstan in the economic sphere. The article analyzes the analysis of trade relations between countries, the structure of exports and imports. The author describes the priority areas of cooperation and the main aspects of the development of regional cooperation and economic cooperation in cross-border trade. Special attention was paid to an important stage of bilateral relations between Russia and Kazakhstan within the framework of the EAEU. This paper presents major projects in the field of energy, industry, education, infrastructure and transport, as well as studies economic cooperation between the Russian Federation and the Republic of Kazakhstan. The study examined the dynamics of trade turnover for the period 2015–2019. The ratio of exports and imports by year is considered. The paper considers the structure of Russia's exports to Kazakhstan in 2019. The article also examines the share of imports from Russia in the total imports of Kazakhstan. International relations allow us to develop the economy of two countries, which is very important in the context of globalization. Statistics show that Russian-Kazakh relations are steadily strengthening. The development of communications between states will open up new areas for cooperation in the future. The dynamic development of the strategic partnership between the two countries will extend to all new areas of trade and economic cooperation in high-tech industries, especially in the field of space and nuclear energy. However, the huge potential of trade and economic cooperation has not been fully realized.

Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text., Problem Dissemination and implementation (D&I) science provides the tools needed to close the gap between known intervention strategies and their effective application. The authors report on the Mentored Training for Dissemination and Implementation Research in Cancer (MT-DIRC) program—a D&I training program for postdoctoral or early-career cancer prevention and control scholars. Approach MT-DIRC was a 2-year training institute in which fellows attended 2 annual Summer Institutes and other conferences and received didactic, group, and individual instruction; individualized mentoring; and other supports (e.g., pilot funding). A quasi-experimental design compared changes in 3 areas: mentoring, skills, and network composition. To evaluate mentoring and D&I skills, data from fellows on their mentors’ mentoring competencies, their perspectives on the importance of and satisfaction with mentoring priority areas, and their self-rated skills in D&I competency domains were collected. Network composition data were collected from faculty and fellows for 3 core social network domains: contact, mentoring, and collaboration. Paired t tests (mentoring), linear mixed models (skills), and descriptive analyses (network composition) were performed. Outcomes Mentors were rated as highly competent across all mentoring competencies, and each mentoring priority area showed reductions in gaps between satisfaction and importance between the 6 and 18 months post-first Summer Institute. Fellows’ self-rated skills in D&I competencies improved significantly in all domains over time (range: 42.5%–52.9% increase from baseline to 18 months post-first Summer Institute). Mentorship and collaboration networks grew over time, with the highest number of collaboration network ties for scholarly manuscripts (n = 199) in 2018 and for research projects (n = 160) in 2019. Next Steps Building on study findings and existing literature, mentored training of scholars is an important approach for building D&I skills and networks, and thus to better applying the vast amount of available intervention evidence to benefit cancer control.

The experience of data collection methods for the installation of bio-transitions and fences for the protection of wild animals is analyzed. The need of strategic forecasting and planning of bio-transitions for animals is substantiated. Ukraine has an advantageous territorial location and therefore it is necessary to work on the modernization, expansion and improvement of the entire road network so that there is no threat to the ecological balance. The current state of the transport and road complex of our country requires the use of foreign experience. The decision of site selection for bio-transitions arrangement requires information, experience, appropriate tools and resources to determine the sites that are most suitable for the construction of these facilities. Issues. In order to facilitate the unimpeded migration of wild animals and reduce their death rate, bio-transitions are actively used in many countries. Improperly designed and installed fences are the reason of their ineffectiveness, in some cases they are an obstacle to the reproduction of populations and a restriction of wildlife feeding. The purpose of the work is to analyze the world experience of the approaches of site selection for the arrangement of bio-transitions. Materials and methods. Analysis of information sources, in particular foreign ones, on approaches and methods of site selection for arrangement of engineering structures for animal crossing. Results. The analysis of foreign information sources on methods of monitoring the migration routes of wild animals to determine the location for bio-transitions arrangement is carried out. Conclusions. The main approaches to monitoring and data collection for the site selection for bio-transitions arrangement are proposed. Keywords: highway, animal monitoring, bio-transition.

A dissertacao de mestrado, apresentada neste documento, foi escrita em modelo de artigo cientifico. O documento final da dissertacao foi organizado em tres secoes. A primeira secao com a contextualizacao geral da pesquisa, fomentada pela Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior (CAPES) e desenvolvida no Programa de Pos-Graduacao em Meio Ambiente e Desenvolvimento Regional (PPGMADRE) da Universidade do Oeste Paulista (UNOESTE). A segunda secao e composta por um manuscrito, no qual apresenta uma abordagem de validacao de mapa de vulnerabilidade a erosao elaborado por diferentes metodos de inferencia. A terceira secao apresenta areas prioritarias para a recuperacao florestal em bacias hidrograficas por meio de Analise Multicriterio em ambiente SIG. Para a segunda secao adotamos uma bacia hidrografica e consideramos os seguintes criterios: geomorfologia, pedologia, declividade, densidade de drenagem e cobertura da terra. Dentre os metodos testados: Combinacao Linear Ponderada (CLP) e tres operadores Fuzzy: soma algebrica, produto algebrico e gamma, variando o expoente “γ” entre os valores 0,4; 0,6 e 0,8. Os pesos dos criterios foram definidos com base no Processo Analitico Hierarquico. A validacao dos mapas ocorreu usando 1902 pontos, sendo 951 pontos de erosao na area, definidos com base em imagens do Google Earth Pro, e 951 pontos sem erosao, gerados aleatoriamente no QGIS 3.8. O modelo de regressao logistica foi usado parar comparar o desempenho de cada mapa ao apontar as areas com maior e menor grau de vulnerabilidade. A melhor modelagem foi alcancada com o operador Fuzzy gamma quando parametrizado com γ = 0,6. Embora o CLP seja a abordagem recorrente em estudos ambientais envolvendo inferencia geografica, nossos resultados demostram que outros operadores podem produzir resultados mais proximos aos encontrados com a realidade observada em campo.Para a terceira secao trabalhamos com criterios relevantes para a determinacao de areas prioritarias, como: rede de drenagem, distância de rodovias, distância de areas urbanas, fragmentos de vegetacao, e vulnerabilidade a erosao. Os pesos de cada criterio foram obtidos a partir do Processo Analitico Hierarquico (AHP). Testamos dois metodos para criacao do mapa sintese: CLP (Combinacao Linear Ponderada) e operador Fuzzy Gamma. Como resultado obtivemos dois cenarios; o primeiro com o metodo CLP onde priorizamos areas com fragmentos de vegetacao e alta densidade de drenagem, e o segundo com o metodo Gamma, que priorizou areas vulneraveis da bacia. Concluimos que o modelo de integracao proposto satisfaz a identificacao de areas para a recuperacao de florestas em bacias hidrograficas, e que diferentes cenarios podem ser construidos.

The article provides a comparative analysis of tax revenues of individuals and legal entities in the consolidated budget of the Russian Federation. According to the results of the study, it was revealed that taxes paid by individuals occupy one of the leading places along with such taxes as corporate income tax, VAT and other taxes and fees. In the course of studying the structure of property tax receipts of individuals in the context of the federal districts of the Russian Federation, the factors influencing regional differences in their payment were identified. Despite the established positive dynamics of tax revenues from individuals, the main problems that taxpayers face when paying transport, land tax and property tax of individuals were identified. The article proposes directions for improving the taxation of individuals on the territory of the Russian Federation in order to increase the efficiency of their calculation and collection.

The objective of the research is to study the characteristics of leisure activities of young people in self-isolated conditions during the coronavirus pandemic. As a research method, the authors use an online survey that allowed them to more effectively visualize the features of leisure activities and the peculiarities of their regulation among self-isolated students. The article also considers the leisure strategies of young people in conditions of self-isolation and social fortune. The novelty of the research lies in the fact that the hierarchy of leisure preferences of young people was studied for the first time during the period of self-isolation. It is concluded that the leisure practices of young people are identified by the regular use of the Internet, instead of the use of sports or any other practice. The priority areas of the Internet application are: study and communication, reading books and consulting news. In addition, there is the ability to communicate on social networks, search for video and audio recordings and games on the network. Preferred game genres are shown to be multiplatform simulators and strategies.

Article discusses the priority areas of state support and management of innovative processes in the automotive industry of Uzbekistan. The new mechanisms for improving innovative processes in the industry are analyzed. The localization level of the automobile industry of Uzbekistan is 32% for cars and 20% for trucks and buses. Large costs were noted as the main causes of problems at enterprises. As the main recommendation, automotive companies are invited to improve project management and introduce innovative management methods and mechanisms in the industry.

Introduction. Extending professional longevity, preventing diseases and improving the quality of life of railway transport workers are the priority areas of activity of RZhD-Meditcina medical institutions. However, the infl uence of production factors on the prevalence and course of skin and subcutaneous tissue diseases in employees of this important branch of the national economy has not yet been suffi ciently studied. The aim of the study is to study the hygienic features of working conditions in railway transport workers that aff ect the course of skin and subcutaneous tissue diseases.Materials and methods. Materials for hygienic and statistical research were sanitary and hygienic characteristics of working conditions of railway transport workers and statistical reports of the private healthcare institution «Clinical hospital» RZhD-Meditcina « of Barnaul for 2014-2018. A retrospective analysis of the incidence of temporary disability, the number of days of disability, and the number of exacerbations in employees of harmful professions in the Altai region of the West Siberian railway with chronic skin and subcutaneous tissue diseases was conducted.Results. According to the sanitary and hygienic characteristics of working conditions, the most unfavorable working conditions of all railway specialties are employees of locomotive crews and track fi tt ers. Combined eff ects of chemical, meteorological, and physical factors of the production environment and the severity of the labor process belong to class 3 (with a high risk of occupational diseases). Th is leads to a signifi cantly higher (p=0.010944) number of days of disability (27.8±0.83) and the number of exacerbations of chronic skin diseases in railway transport workers than in the rest of the adult population not in contact with occupational hazards (25.32±1.2).Conclusions. Th e combined impact of factors of the production environment and the severity of the labor process, despite the systematic comprehensive prevention, leads to a more severe course of chronic dermatoses in railway transport workers.

Annually, a large number of landslide events that resulted in the deaths of dozens of people occur in Turkey. However, the preparation of an inventory of fatal landslide events in Turkey has been neglected until today. In this respect, a database on fatal landslide events in Turkey for the period from 1929 to 2019 was compiled from various sources comprising national and local printed and digital media reports with pre-determined keywords in Turkish, academic papers, disaster, and city annual reports, and government and aid agency reports. In the studied period, 389 landslides events that caused of death 1343 people were detected. According to the Mann-Kendall (MK) test and Sen's slope method, which is used to determine the temporal distribution characteristic of landslide events and deaths, an increasing trend is observed in both events and the number of deaths in the period comprising 1929-2019. These landslide events, which show intensity in the summer during the year, constitute two major density regions, the Eastern Black Sea Region and the Istanbul environment. In general, the Eastern Black Sea Region is represented by fatal landslides triggered by natural factors, while fatal landslides triggered by anthropogenic factors characterize the Istanbul and near vicinity. Spatially, fatal landslides were recorded in 227 different counties in 67 of 81 cities. The determination of the priority areas was evaluated by the population of the settlements exposed to the landslide and the probability value calculated with the number of landslides recorded and the relationship with the number of the dead. In conclusion, based on the final distribution pattern we revealed that the frequency of the landslides in provinces and districts where the topographic roughness is above the country average, at the Eastern Black Sea Region are strikingly high from the other hilly sections of the country.

In the article the author reveals peculiarities of the development of extracurricular education in Kirovohrad region and its use, in order to stimulate the program-project approach. The author analyzes the regional educational program for the development of preschool, general secondary, and extracurricular education for 2017‒2021 in Kirovohrad region.The main structural elements of the program are clearly identified and indicated (main goal, main tasks, priority areas and ways of implementation through project activities). The directions of the program that stimulate the development of the extracurricular education system ‒ the field of education of the region, which works with gifted children, additionally studies certain areas of educational activities, promotes early socialization and educational specialization of children and youth.It is noted that the regional educational program of Kirovohrad region contributes not only to the preservation of educational heritage of the region, but also to the positive dynamics of extracurricular development, including the increase in the number of extracurricular education institutions, and in the number of its branches.To sum up, in this paper the author reveals the close connection of the educational program in the region with the main directions of the New Ukrainian school realization.

Subject. This article explores the trends in agricultural development, the impact of government regulation, and the effectiveness of agribusiness at the regional level. The Republic of Mordovia is a case study. Objectives. The article aims to identify the key priority areas of agricultural development in the Republic of Mordovia. Methods. For the study, I used the methods of dynamic and factor analyses, comparison, and generalization. Results. The article identifies the main problems hindering the development of the industry and offers recommendations to address them. Conclusions. In general, the dynamics of the agro-industrial complex of Russia's development is positive, although there are significant financial problems in some regions. To improve the situation, it is advisable to provide financial support not to profitable enterprises of the industry only, but also the low-profit ones.

Based on the results of the first Russia—Africa Summit and Economic Forum, priority areas of economic cooperation, according to which concrete results can be achieved in the coming years, were identified. These are modern and high-tech mining and processing of minerals, geological exploration, energy (including renewable energy sources), infrastructure development (specifically the construction of railways and housing), agriculture, digital technology, medicine, science and education. Cooperation between Russian universities and African countries occupies a special place. Currently implemented by the Sergo Ordzhonikidze Russian State University for Geological Prospecting (MGRI), the scientific and educational initiative for the development of the mineral resource base of Uganda, presented in June 2019 to the country’s President Yoweri Museveni, is the basis for International cooperation between Russian universities in the East African region.

Background There has been increasing evidence and debate on palliative care research priorities and the international research agenda. To date, however, there is a lack of synthesis of this evidence, examining commonalities, differences, and gaps. To identify and synthesize literature on international palliative care research priorities originating from Western countries mapped to a quality assessment framework. Methods A systematic review of several academic and grey databases were searched from January 2008–June 2019 for studies eliciting research priorities in palliative care in English. Two researchers independently reviewed, critically appraised, and conducted data extraction and synthesis. Results The search yielded 10,235 articles (academic databases, n = 4108; grey literature, n = 6127), of which ten were included for appraisal and review. Priority areas were identified: service models; continuity of care; training and education; inequality; communication; living well and independently; and recognising family/carer needs and the importance of families. Methodological approaches and process of reporting varied. There was little representation of patient and caregiver driven agendas. The priorities were mapped to the Donabedian framework for assessing quality reflecting structure, process and outcomes and key priority areas. Conclusions Limited evidence exists pertaining to research priorities across palliative care. Whilst a broad range of topics were elicited, approaches and samples varied questioning the credibility of findings. The voice of the care provider dominated, calling for more inclusive means to capture the patient and family voice. The findings of this study may serve as a template to understand the commonalities of research, identify gaps, and extend the palliative care research agenda.

Urban regeneration is a concept in which balancing of structural regulation, sustainable environmental performance and socio-economic integration is considered together. It is important to define the indicators and ensure sustainability in order to re-establish the structure-environment-human relationship in a balanced way. An indicator-based prioritization approach in urban regeneration has been designed which helps to make location decisions is adopted in the study. Measurable and auditable indicators are an opportunity to create balanced/sustainable residential areas. In order to maximize the positive results of urban regeneration projects, a framework covering structural, environmental and socio-economic components has been defined. By weighting the criteria, the priority order of the components of the urban regeneration areas has been determined. It has been determined by the study in which area the urban regeneration projects should be planned first., Kentsel dönüşüm, yapısal düzenleme, sürdürülebilir çevresel performans ve sosyo-ekonomik bütünleşme dengesinin gözetildiği bir düzendir. Yapı-çevre-insan ilişkisinin yeniden kurulmasında öngörülen hedeflere ulaşılabilmesi için göstergelerin tanımlanması ve sürdürülebilirliğin sağlanması önemlidir. Çalışmada, kentsel dönüşümde gösterge temelli önceliklendirme yaklaşımı kurgulanarak yer seçim kararlarının alınma süreçlerinde karar destek sürecini besleyen analitik hiyerarşi süreci yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Göstergelerin ölçülebilir, değerlendirmeye açık ve denetlenebilir olması sürdürülebilir yerleşim alanları oluşturulması için bir fırsattır. Kentsel dönüşüm projelerinin olumlu sonuçlarını artırabilmek için yapısal, çevresel ve sosyo-ekonomik bileşenleri kapsayan kriterler tanımlanmıştır. Uzman görüşleriyle kriterler ağırlıklandırılarak kentsel dönüşüm alanlarının belirlenmesinde dikkate alınması gerekebilecek bileşenlerin öncelik sıraları ortaya konmuştur. Önerilen yaklaşım ile kentsel dönüşüm projelerinin öncelikli olarak hangi alandan başlanması ve planlanması gerekliliği tespit edilmiştir.

Summary Back and forth transmission of SARS-CoV-2 between humans and animals has the potential to create wild reservoirs of virus that can endanger both long-term control of COVID-19 in people, and vulnerable animal populations that are particularly susceptible to lethal disease. In the near term, SARS-CoV-2 virus variants arising in newly established animal hosts could escape immunity conferred by current human vaccines. In the long-term, animal reservoirs of SARS-CoV-2 increase the overall risk of disease resurgence, making global disease control unlikely. Predicting potential animal host species is key to targeting critical surveillance as well as lab experiments testing susceptibility of potential hosts. A major bottleneck to predicting animal hosts is a paucity of molecular information about the structure of ACE2 across species, a key cellular receptor required for viral cell entry that is highly conserved across thousands of animal species. We overcome this bottleneck by combining 3D modeling of virus and host cell protein interactions with machine learning analysis of species’ ecological and biological traits, enabling predictions about the zoonotic capacity of SARS-CoV-2 for over 5,000 mammals — an order of magnitude more species than previously possible. High accuracy model predictions are strongly corroborated by available and emerging in vivo empirical studies. We also identify numerous common mammal species whose predicted zoonotic capacity and close proximity to humans may facilitate spillover and spillback transmission of SARS-CoV-2. Our results reveal high priority areas of geographic overlap between global COVID-19 hotspots and potential new mammal hosts of SARS-CoV-2. Predictive modeling integrating data across multiple biological scales offers a conceptual advance that may expand our predictive capacity for zoonotic viruses with similarly unknown and potentially broad host ranges.

It has long been known that many pulse oximeters function less accurately in patients with darker skin. Reasons for this observation are incompletely characterized and potentially enabled by limitations in existing regulatory oversight. Based on decades of experience and unpublished data, we believe it is feasible to fully characterize, in the public domain, the factors that contribute to missing clinically significant hypoxemia in patients with darkly pigmented skin. Here we propose five priority areas of inquiry for the research community and actionable changes to current regulations that will help improve oximeter accuracy. We propose that leading regulatory agencies should immediately modify standards for: measuring accuracy and precision of oximeter performance, analyzing and reporting performance outliers, diversifying study subject pools, thoughtfully defining skin pigmentation, reporting data transparently, and accounting for performance during low perfusion states. These changes will help reduce bias in pulse oximeter performance and improve access to safe oximeters.

At the level of international legal regulation disability policy is currently one of the priority areas. However, such attention to the international legal protection of the rights of persons with disabilities has not always been the case, as the problems of persons with disabilities have long remained unnoticed by the international community. Rare attempts to improve the situation with persons with disabilities were usually limited to medical protection and integration into the labor market, while the task of their full and actual involvement in public life was not even set. The article analyzes the preconditions, reasons and features of the evolution of the system of international legal protection of the rights of persons with disabilities, as well as examines the transformation of approaches to defining the concept of "disability" at the level of international law. The article defines the main stages of the formation of international cooperation in the field of protection of the rights of persons with disabilities. The article presents the results of the analysis of international legal documents on disability policy for the period from the beginning of the twentieth century to 2020.

A gamifikacio az utobbi evekben valt az oktatas es az oktataskutatas egyik kiemelt teruleteve. A tanitasi folyamat soran ket reszegyseg is gamifikalhato. Az egyik az ora menetet erintő, azaz tartalmi gamifikacio. A tanitasi folyamat masik gamifikalhato reszegysege a szamonkeres-ertekeles, ez a strukturalis gamifikacio. A gamifikacio hatasa, bar alapvetően pozitivnak tűnik, megsem egyertelmű. Ennek egyik oka, hogy a kutatasok soran nem minden esetben azonos modon hasznalnak bizonyos fogalmakat, tovabba nem tisztaznak minden tanulasszervezesi korulmenyt. Jelen tanulmany celja annak bemutatasa, hogy a tervezes es alkalmazas soran mire kell figyelmet forditani, tovabba, hogy melyek a merhető hatasok, es milyen esetekben talaltak azt a kutatok, hogy a gamifikacio nem jart valojaban merhető, megfoghato hatassal. GAMIFICATION IN PEDAGOGY Gamification has become one of the priority areas of education and research in recent years. Two components can be gamified during the teaching process. One is the gamification of the lesson, ie content gamification. Another gamifiable component of the teaching process is accountability assessment, this is structural gamification. The effect of gamification, though fundamentally positive, is not clear. One reason for this is that research does not always use the same concepts in the same way, nor does it clarify every learning organization. The purpose of this study is to illustrate what needs to be considered in design and implementation, and what the measurable effects are, and in what cases researchers have found that gamification did not actually have a measurable, tangible effect.

У статті досліджено сутність системного управління пріоритетними напрямами розвитку фермерських господарств і сільськогосподарських підприємств. При цьому як система з певним набором підвидів, функцій, інструментів розглядається управління та як системні утворення – суб’єкти господарювання. Важливими складниками системного управління визначені функціональне, процесне й управління за центрами відповідальності. Їх залучення є найбільш перспективним щодо пріоритетних напрямів розвитку фермерських господарств і сільськогосподарських підприємств. Вони дозволяють використовувати спеціальні інструменти, методи та прийоми, адекватні змісту пріоритетних напрямів. При цьому в інформаційно-аналітичному забезпеченні управлінських рішень велика увага приділяється моніторингу та обліку господарської діяльності.

Intangible assets are typically nonphysical assets used over the long-term. Intangible assets are often intellectual assets. Proper valuation and accounting of intangible assets are often problematic, due in large part to how intangible assets are handled. The difficulty assigning value stems from the uncertainty of their future benefits. Also, the useful life of an intangible asset can be either identifiable or non-identifiable. The purpose of the article is to analyze approaches to the recognition, classification and accounting of intangible assets in Ukraine and in the world, as well as to substantiate the priority areas for the improvement of methods for disclosure the information about intangible assets in financial statements. The regulatory legal framework for accounting of intangible assets in Ukraine and in the world was disclosed. It contains: National Accounting Standard # 8 "Intangible assets", International accounting standard 38 "Intangible assets", SFAS 142 "Goodwill and other intangible assets". A critical comparison of classification approaches and recognition criteria for intangible assets as accounting objects was made. It was revealed that today there is a problem of incorrect display of intangible assets in financial statements. The so-called phenomenon of "hidden" intangible assets arose. Although some intangible assets belong to the company, but reporting standards do not allow them to be reflected in reporting forms - their value is shown on the balance sheet only if the company will be to sell or a merger should take place. It was proposed to introduce the following amendments to National Accounting Standard # 8 "Intangible assets": a) to recognize intangible assets with a useful life of less than one year, provide an opportunity to recognize an asset as intangible without the presence of title documents, and introduce an element of current intangible assets; b) to supplement the classification of intangible assets with the article intangible assets at the development stage and allow enterprises to independently classify these assets into relevant groups.

Environmental taxation contributes to the development of relations between the state and taxpayers. Trends in the development of the environment taxation confirm and justify its role in ensuring environmental safety and strategic development of the Russian Federation as one of the economic methods of the state regulation. By methods of comparative analysis, synthesis, grouping of data, problems in the field of effective use of tax instruments to improve the environmental situation have been revealed, as well as priority areas for the development of environmental taxation in Russia have been determined.

The authors analyze the self-preservation practices of young people through the prism of their attitude to vaccination against coronavirus. Based on the results of sociological studies, the prevailing motives that prevent a positive attitude to vaccination are identified. The results obtained allowed us to conclude that in youth groups there is a low level of orientation towards vaccination against coronovirus, and, on the contrary, a high level of trust in fake anti-vaccination myths. Among the priority areas, the authors name the discussion of issues with experts and the active dissemination of this content in the Internet space.

Many regulations are beginning to explicitly require investigation of a chemical's endocrine-disrupting properties as a part of the safety assessment process for substances already on or about to be placed on the market. Different jurisdictions are applying distinct approaches. However, all share a common theme requiring testing for endocrine activity and adverse effects, typically involving in vitro and in vivo assays on selected endocrine pathways. For ecotoxicological evaluation, in vivo assays can be performed across various animal species, including mammals, amphibians, and fish. Results indicating activity (i.e., that a test substance may interact with the endocrine system) from in vivo screens usually trigger further higher-tier in vivo assays. Higher-tier assays provide data on adverse effects on relevant endpoints over more extensive parts of the organism's life cycle. Both in vivo screening and higher-tier assays are animal- and resource-intensive and can be technically challenging to conduct. Testing large numbers of chemicals will inevitably result in the use of large numbers of animals, contradicting stipulations set out within many regulatory frameworks that animal studies be conducted as a last resort. Improved strategies are urgently required. In February 2020, the UK's National Centre for the 3Rs and the Health and Environmental Sciences Institute hosted a workshop ("Investigating Endocrine Disrupting Properties in Fish and Amphibians: Opportunities to Apply the 3Rs"). Over 50 delegates attended from North America and Europe, across academia, laboratories, and consultancies, regulatory agencies, and industry. Challenges and opportunities in applying refinement and reduction approaches within the current animal test guidelines were discussed, and utilization of replacement and/or new approach methodologies, including in silico, in vitro, and embryo models, was explored. Efforts and activities needed to enable application of 3Rs approaches in practice were also identified. This article provides an overview of the workshop discussions and sets priority areas for follow-up. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2021;00:1-17. © 2021 The Authors. Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of Society of Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry (SETAC).

Accurate and reliable diagnostic tools are an essential requirement for neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) programmes. However, the NTD community has historically underinvested in the development and improvement of diagnostic tools, potentially undermining the successes achieved over the last 2 decades. Recognizing this, the WHO, in its newly released draft roadmap for NTD 2021–2030, has identified diagnostics as one of four priority areas requiring concerted action to reach the 2030 targets. As a result, WHO established a Diagnostics Technical Advisory Group (DTAG) to serve as the collaborative mechanism to drive progress in this area. Here, the purpose and role of the DTAG are described in the context of the challenges facing NTD programmes.

The activities related to formation and maintenance of healthy life-style of population are to be carried out in accordance with the Strategy of prevention of chronic non-communicable diseases. The purpose of the study is to analyze current trends in the formation of healthy life-style of Moscow residents and to determine priority areas of its maintenance. Materials and methods. The analysis of the lifestyle of the Moscow population in conditions of actual infrastructure of urban environment was carried out as exemplified by two administrative Okrugs. According to dispenasarization data the prevalence risk factors of chronic non-communicable diseases. in Moscow residents was investigated. The Results. It is demonstrated that in actual conditions, the population is be provided with recommendations concerning development of stress resistance, proper diet and physical activity enhancement using really existing integrated prevention space. The specialists involved into issues of citizens following healthy life-style in their professional activities are to rely on the results of both study of characteristics of self-preservation behavior of population and analysis of the state of prevention infrastructure in particular municipality.

This article aims to reflect on the indicators and indices of the Atlas of Human Development in Brazil - Atlas Brasil, as an instrument for the knowledge of reality. In order to achieve this objective, a bibliographical survey was carried out on the theme, covering the international and national scales, in addition to the information provided by Atlas Brasil. It is noteworthy that by making available to all citizens on an interactive platform, easy to access and understand, Atlas Brasil is an important instrument to be suitable for promotion and monitoring, from national to local scale, of human development in the country. Due to the autonomy of Brazilian municipalities to achieve their public policies / services, the knowledge of intra-municipal heterogeneities, which affect development, for example, on the scale of “neighborhoods”, is useful to intervene in priority areas more precisely. This is already possible for metropolitan regions, perhaps soon for all Brazilian municipalities. Furthermore, the importance of providing and using information is ratified to increase people's choice and freedom to transform the reality in which they live.

The government has said it wants shorter appraisals for doctors as part of its drive to reduce excess bureaucracy in the NHS. A new appraisal format, which only takes 30 minutes to prepare and requires far less supporting evidence, has been in place since October 2020,1 after appraisals were suspended in March because of the covid-19 pandemic. A Department of Health and Social Care strategy document published on 24 November2 said the process will be retained subject to evaluation. Streamlining appraisals is one of eight priority areas identified in the strategy for reducing bureaucracy. Others include making professional regulation proportionate, giving GPs more time …

Pharmacists play key roles in public health activities. The Healthy People initiative is a future-oriented approach to promote health and prevent disease, and serves as a framework for priority areas of intervention. The latest iteration, Healthy People 2030, was released in August 2020. Healthy People 2030 contains 355 specific objectives and raises awareness about gaps between actual and optimal health status. Pharmacists and student pharmacists can directly impact the majority of the objectives to improve the nation's health. Pharmacy educators should utilize resources including the Clinical Prevention and Population Health Curriculum Framework to ensure they are adequately preparing their students to affect clinical prevention and population health.

The International Council for Harmonisation of Technical Requirements for Pharmaceuticals for Human Use (ICH) is revising ICH E6 Good Clinical Practice (GCP). The Clinical Trials Transformation Initiative (CTTI) initiated a project to identify and provide ICH with stakeholders’ priority areas and suggestions for revising ICH E6 GCP. We conducted a global online survey to identify areas of ICH E6 GCP that are and are not in need of revision. A total of 327 stakeholders completed the survey. Stakeholders represent many research roles and types of organizations, are employed in 39 countries, and conduct research in 153 countries. The ICH E6 GCP principles mentioned most often (range, 25%–29%) in need of revision were implementing systems that assure quality, providing medical care by qualified physicians/dentists, protecting confidentiality and privacy, obtaining informed consent, and documenting and storing information. The Investigator section (n = 244, 75%) and Sponsor section (n = 242, 74%) of ICH E6 GCP were identified as needing the most revision and the Investigator Brochure section (n = 166, 51%) as needing the least revision. The topic most frequently mentioned as needing revision is Monitoring (n = 146; 45%) in the Sponsor section. Although none of the principles or topics in ICH E6 GCP were identified as needing revision by the majority of stakeholders, a meaningful percentage of stakeholders identified areas that they believe need revision. These findings, which represent the views of a wide variety of stakeholders, may be useful to ICH for identifying where specifically to focus their revision efforts. CTTI provided the final report to ICH with the project findings for their consideration.

The personnel policy is one of priority areas of developing national health care. Its effective implementation requires evidence-based development of relevant program documents, the most important of which is the Concept of health care personnel policy that currently exists only in a number of regions of the Russian Federation. In this regard, the purpose of the study was to develop approaches to scientific justification and development of the Concept of health care personnel policy at the level of region of the Russian Federation, as exemplified in the Irkutsk oblast. The article describes progress of this large-scale and lengthy study, its main results included. The developed approaches resulted in comprehensive organizational technology of development corresponding Concept. The results of this experience can be implemented in other regions of the Russian Federation. Therefore, it is of scientific and practical interest for all potential developers of similar program documents and wide range of specialists in health care organization.

Nikolai Olegovich Milanov, the academician of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, leading Russian surgeon, Merited Scientist of the Russian Federation, is one of the pioneers of development of reconstructive microsurgery in our country. He made immense contribution to development of modern plastic and reconstructive microsurgery. He is the author of unique developments that inputted significantly into successive achievements in treatment of traumatic and iatrogenic tissue defects and congenital pathology. The priority areas of his research were replantation of fingers, hands and larger segments of limbs in adults and lower extremities in children, abjuncted because of wheeled traumas, auto-transplantation of revasculized tissue complexes in post-traumatic, congenital and acquired pathologies in adults and children, in oncologic diseases, in extensive tracheal defects, reconstructive microsurgery of blood and lymph vessels and peripheral nerves, reconstructive microsurgery in male and female infertility. He introduced to clinical practice great number of new surgical interventions based on micro-surgical auto-transplantation of various tissue complexes. He achieved brilliant successes in scientific and practical activities during 39 years of work. He was the first in the world who underwent a successful re-implantation of lower limb, amputated at the level of upper third of leg by train wheel in 2.5-year-old child. He also was the first surgeon who performed unique operation of simultaneous replantation of two limbs, amputated at the level of middle third of leg in 7-year-old child. N. O. Milanov used the micro-surgical technique of applying direct lymphatic venous anastomoses in lymphatic edema. He developed innovative methods of multiple transplantation of toes to hand and transplantation of omentum, for example, to close defects of the scalp in basal cell carcinoma. This brilliant surgeon can be called the founder of clinical auto-transplantology. He actively participated in resolving problem of "prefabrication" of various tissue complexes with desired properties for their subsequent auto-transplantation. Under the direction of N. O. Milanov, the new scientific school was formed that included such well-known surgeons as R. T. Adamyan, A. I. Nerobeev, I. V. Reshetov and many others.

Objective: To develop a social need index for stratification of municipalities and identification of priority areas for reducing fetal mortality. Methods: ecological study, carried out in the state of Pernambuco, between 2010 and 2017. The technique of factor analysis by main components was used for the elaboration of the social need index. In the spatial analysis, the local empirical Bayesian estimator was applied and Moran's spatial autocorrelation was verified. Results: The social deprivation index selected two factors that, together, explained 77.63% of the total variance. The preventable fetal mortality rate increased among strata of social need, with rates of 8.0 per thousand births (low deprivation), 8.1 per thousand (medium deprivation), 8.8 per thousand (high deprivation), and 10.7 per thousand (very high social deprivation). Some municipalities in the São Francisco and Sertão Mesoregions had both high fetal and preventable fetal mortality, in addition to a very high social deprivation rate. Conclusion: The spatial analysis identified areas with the highest risk for fetal mortality. The social deprivation index listed some determinants of fetal deaths in areas with worse living conditions. Priority areas for intervention in public policies to reduce fetal mortality and its determinants were detected. RESUMO: Objetivo: Elaborar um índice de carência social para a estratificação dos municípios e a identificação de áreas prioritárias para a redução da mortalidade fetal. Métodos: Estudo ecológico, realizado no estado de Pernambuco, entre 2010 e 2017. Utilizou-se a técnica de análise fatorial por componentes principais para a elaboração do índice de carência social. Na análise espacial, aplicou-se o estimador bayesiano empírico local, e verificou-se a autocorrelação espacial de Moran. Resultados: O índice de carência social selecionou dois fatores que, juntos, explicaram 77,63% da variância total. A taxa de mortalidade fetal evitável apresentou aumento entre estratos de carência social, com taxas de 8 por mil nascimentos (baixa carência), 8,1 por mil (média carência), 8,8 por mil (alta carência) e 10,7 por mil (muito alta carência social). Alguns municípios das mesorregiões São Francisco e Sertão tiveram, simultaneamente, elevada mortalidade fetal e fetal evitável, além de índice de carência social muito alto. Conclusão: A análise espacial identificou áreas com maior risco para a mortalidade fetal. O índice de carência social relacionou alguns determinantes das mortes fetais em áreas com piores condições de vida. Detectaram-se áreas prioritárias para a intervenção das políticas públicas de redução da mortalidade fetal e seus determinantes.

Development of antibiotic resistance (ABR) in bacteria and its multidimensional spread is an emerging global threat that needs immediate attention. Extensive antibiotics (AB) usage results in development of ABR in bacteria by target modification, production of AB degrading enzymes, porin modifications, efflux pumps overexpression, etc. To counter this, apart from strict regulation of AB use and behavioural changes, research and development (R&D) of newer antimicrobials are in place. One such emerging approach to combat ABR is the use of structurally and functionally diverse plant secondary metabolites (PSMs) in combination with the conventional AB. Either the PSMs are themselves antimicrobial or they potentiate the activity of the AB through a range of mechanisms. However, their use is lagging due to poor knowledge of mode of action, structure-activity relationships, pharmacokinetics, etc. This review paper discussed the opportunities and challenges in managing ABR using PSMs. Mechanisms of ABR development in bacteria and current strategies to counter them were studied and the areas where PSMs can play an important role were highlighted. The use of PSMs, both as an anti-resistance and anti-virulence agent in combination therapy to counter multi-drug resistance along with their mechanisms of action, has been discussed in detail. The difficulties in the commercialisation of PSMs and strategies to overcome them along with future priority areas of research have also been given. Following the given R&D path will definitely help in better understanding and utilising the full potential of PSMs in solving the problem of antimicrobial resistance (AMR).

The quality of life (QoL) of a patient does not refl ect the absence of disease, but the satisfaction of his/her needs and adaptation in the physical, psychological and social spheres. At the beginning of the 21st century the «Quality of Life» (QoL) concept in medicine transformed into the subject of scientifi c research and became more precise — «health related quality of life» (HRQL). In medical practice QoL is used for various purposes: to evaluate the effi ciency of modern methods in clinical science and various rehabilitation technologies, to assess the patient′s conditions severity, to determine the disease prognosis, treatment and prevention programs results. At present QoL criteria are recognized as essentials for integrated analysis of new methods of diagnostics, treatment and prevention. Currently, there is an intensive development of QoL methods for the most common chronic diseases all over the world. The widespread use of QoL assessment provides health authorities with a tool for additional analysis of medical service activity, as well as for making decisions on funding priority areas.

The first nationwide indoor radon survey in Montenegro started in 2002 and year-long radon measurements with CR-39 track-etch detectors, within the national grid of 5 km × 5 km and local grids in urban areas of 0.5 km × 0.5 km, were performed in homes in half of the country's territory. The survey continued in 2014 and measurements in the rest of the country were completed at the end of 2015. The 953 valid results, obtained in the national radon survey, give an average radon activity concentration in Montenegrin homes of 110 Bq/m3. Assuming a log-normal distribution of the experimental results, geometric mean GM = 58.3 Bq/m3 and geometric standard deviation GSD = 2.91 are calculated. However, normality tests show that the experimental data are not log-normal, and that they become closest to a log-normal distribution after subtracting from them radon concentration in the outdoor air of 7 Bq/m3, which is theoretically calculated. Such a transformed distribution has GMtr = 46.7 Bq/m3 and GSDtr = 3.54. The estimations derived from positing a priory that the experimental results conform to a log-normal distribution underestimate the percentage of homes with radon concentrations at the thresholds of 300 Bq/m3 and above, which is better estimated by using GMtr and GSDtr. Based on the results of radon survey, a new national radon reference level of 300 Bq/m3 and an “urgent action level” of 1000 Bq/m3 are suggested, with estimated fractions of the national dwelling stock above these levels of 7.4% and 0.8% respectively. Fractions of homes with radon concentrations above the suggested levels are also estimated for each of the 23 municipalities in Montenegro, using appropriate GMtr and GSDtr. The six municipalities which have more than 10% of homes with radon concentration above 300 Bq/m3 are recommended as radon priority areas.

Background: Many randomised trials have serious methodological flaws that fatally undermine their results, which makes the research wasteful. This is of concern for many, including those doing systematic reviews that include trials. Cochrane systematic reviews all have a section called ‘Implications for research’, which allows authors of the review to present their conclusions on how future research might be improved. Looking at these conclusions might highlight priority areas for improvement. Methods: We focused on the Cochrane Schizophrenia Review Group and the Multiple sclerosis and rare diseases of the central nervous system Review Group (the MS Review Group). Reviews with citations between 2009 and 2019 were identified and the recommendations given by review authors in ‘Implications for research’ were put into categories. Results: Between 2009 and 2019 we identified 162 reviews for the Schizophrenia Review Group and 43 reviews for the MS Review Group. We created 22 categories in total, of which 12 were common to both groups. The five most used categories were the same for both: better choice of outcomes; better choice of intervention/comparator; longer follow-up; larger sample size; use of validated scales. Better choice of outcomes and/or intervention/comparator was recommended in over 50% of reviews. Longer follow-up and larger sample size were recommended in over a third, with use of validated scales being suggested in around a fifth of reviews. There was no obvious pattern of improvement over time for trials included in systematic reviews published by both groups. Conclusions: We suggest that trialists working in these areas (and others too) ask themselves why they have chosen their particular outcomes, intervention and comparator, whether follow-up is long enough, if the sample size is big enough and whether the scales they choose to measure their outcomes are appropriate.

Today, health care as one of the priority areas for the state of development requires special attention in the transition to innovative models based on the use of advanced medical concepts and digital technologies. In this regard, for medical organizations, a strategic decision, the formation of disparate architectural solutions becomes topical. Before you begin to develop models of architectural solutions, apply digital transformations to them, it is advisable to use some reference model in the digital transformation of a medical organization, which will allow you to take into account the organization’s main business and IT requirements, restrictions and technologies used. For the formation of the reference architectural solution, a preparatory stage is needed, which allows identifying the requirements for the architecture and the corresponding restrictions. The article proposes a motivational expansion, on the basis of which the requirements and limitations for the reference model of an architectural solution in the digital transformation of a medical organization are formulated.

Purpose As telehealth is increasingly used across the clinical care spectrum to provide patient-centered care, it is important to have robust measures to assess its impact on patient outcomes and care processes. The National Quality Forum (NQF) developed a Telehealth Framework to organize measures and inform target areas for measure development that includes the following four domains: access to care, financial impact or cost, experience, and effectiveness. Our goal is to identify and categorize within the NQF domains currently existing measures of telehealth applicable to oncology to detect priority areas for future research and measure development. Methods We reviewed telehealth-related measures applied to oncology care reported in systematic reviews and identified NQF-endorsed quality measures related to oncology care potentially amenable to telehealth. We organized identified measures by the NQF domains to inform suggestions for advancing the care of patients with cancer through telehealth. Results We identified 12 systematic reviews representing 183 studies reporting telehealth-related oncology research. Most studied outcomes related to diagnosis and treatment or user experience and symptom monitoring. Clinical effectiveness measures were most frequently reported (38%), and most were psychosocial. Patient, family, and/or caregiver experience was the next most frequently reported measure. There were only a few other cancer-related clinical effectiveness measures (eg, morbidity). Most NQF-endorsed oncology measures amenable to telehealth applied to the domains of access to care and effectiveness, with a lack of measures informing financial impact or cost and experience. Conclusion Overall, there has been a lack of quality measures to assess use of telehealth for the care of oncology patients. Future work should focus on developing measures within each of the NQF-identified domains, with special attention to the financial impact or cost domain.

A fragilidade ambiental diz respeito à fragilidade do ambiente em função de qualquer tipo de dano causado pela dinâmica ambiental, seja de forma natural e/ou antrópica, sendo relacionada com a erosão do solo e assoreamento dos rios. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi realizar uma análise da fragilidade ambiental da bacia hidrográfica do ribeirão São Pedro, no município de Santa Rita do Pardo/MS, analisando suas características físicas e o uso da terra e cobertura vegetal. Para tanto, a metodologia consiste em duas etapas: a primeira delas na avaliação das precipitações buscando algumas estações meteorológicas no entorno da bacia hidrográfica, trabalhando em ambiente SIG ArcGis 10. A segunda diz respeito ao manuseio das informações sobre áreas prioritárias e solos, buscou-se dados do SISLA/IMASUL, a declividade, trabalhou-se com o modelo digital de terreno SRTM e para o uso da terra e cobertura vegetal a utilização das imagens de satélite Landsat 8. Com isso, a interpolação dessas informações foi embasada na proposta metodológica de Ross (1994) para a fragilidade ambiental. As classes de fragilidade obtidas são a categoria baixa que se mostrou dominante na bacia, sendo presentes em matas nativas e pastagens, a categoria média e alta, que juntas apresentaram 39,56% da área total da bacia foram encontradas em locais com alto declive, concluindo assim que a bacia hidrográfica necessita da análise de suas características, onde qualquer mudança em um de seus elementos pode alterar a fragilidade do local, prejudicando assim, seus recursos naturais. Palavras-chave: Fragilidade ambiental. Sensoriamento Remoto. Uso da terra e cobertura vegetal. EMPLOYMENT OF REMOTE SENSING AND GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEM IN EVALUATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL FRAGILITY OF HYDROGRAPHIC BASIN SÃO PEDRO, SANTA RITA DO PARDO/MS ABSTRACT The environmental fragility refers to the fragility of the environment due to any kind of damage caused by the environmental dynamics, either naturally or anthropically, and is related to soil erosion and silting of rivers. The objective of this research was to analyze the environmental fragility of the São Pedro river basin, in the municipality of Santa Rita do Pardo / MS, analyzing its physical characteristics and the use of land and vegetation cover. To do so, the methodology consists of two stages: the first one in the evaluation of precipitation by searching for some meteorological stations around the watershed, working in ArcGis 10 GIS environment. The second one concerns the handling of information on priority areas and soils, if data from the SISLA / IMASUL, the slope was worked with the SRTM digital terrain model and for the land use and vegetation cover the use of Landsat 8 satellite images. With this, the interpolation of this information was based on the methodological proposal of Ross (1994) for environmental fragility. The fragility classes obtained are the low category that was dominant in the basin, being present in native forests and pastures, the medium and high category, which together presented 39.56% of the total area of ​​the basin were found in places with high slope, thus concluding that the river basin needs the analysis of its characteristics, where any change in one of its elements can alter the fragility of the place, thus damaging its natural resources. Key Words: Environmental fragility. Remote Sensing. Land use and vegetation cover. EMPLEO DEL SENSORIAMIENTO REMOTO Y SISTEMA DE INFORMACIÓN GEOGRÁFICA EN LA EVALUACIÓN DE LA FRAGILIDAD AMBIENTAL DE LA BACIA HIDROGRÁFICA DEL RIBEIRÃO SÃO PEDRO, SANTA RITA DO PARDO/MS RESUMEN La fragilidad ambiental se refiere a la fragilidad del ambiente en función de cualquier tipo de daño causado por la dinámica ambiental, sea de forma natural y / o antrópica, estando relacionada con la erosión del suelo y la sedimentación de los ríos. El objetivo de esta investigación fue realizar un análisis de la fragilidad ambiental de la cuenca hidrográfica del río San Pedro, en el municipio de Santa Rita do Pardo / MS, analizando sus características físicas y el uso de la tierra y cobertura vegetal. Para ello, la metodología consiste en dos etapas: la primera de ellas en la evaluación de las precipitaciones buscando algunas estaciones meteorológicas en el entorno de la cuenca hidrográfica, trabajando en ambiente SIG ArcGis 10. La segunda se refiere al manejo de las informaciones sobre áreas prioritarias y suelos, si los datos del SISLA / IMASUL, la declividad, se trabajó con el modelo digital de terreno SRTM y para el uso de la tierra y cobertura vegetal la utilización de las imágenes de satélite Landsat 8. Con ello, la interpolación de esas informaciones se basó en la propuesta metodológica de Ross (1994) para la fragilidad ambiental. Las clases de fragilidad obtenidas son la categoría baja que se mostró dominante en la cuenca, siendo presentes en bosques nativos y pastos, la categoría media y alta, que juntas presentaron el 39,56% del área total de la cuenca se encontraron en locales con alto declive, concluyendo así que la cuenca hidrográfica necesita el análisis de sus características, donde cualquier cambio en uno de sus elementos puede alterar la fragilidad del local, perjudicando así sus recursos naturales. Palabras clave: Fragilidad ambiental. Detección remota. Uso de la tierra y cobertura vegetal.