Türkiye’de ölümcül heyelanların dağılım karakteristikleri ve ulusal ölçekte öncelikli alanların belirlenmesi

Annually, a large number of landslide events that resulted in the deaths of dozens of people occur in Turkey. However, the preparation of an inventory of fatal landslide events in Turkey has been neglected until today. In this respect, a database on fatal landslide events in Turkey for the period from 1929 to 2019 was compiled from various sources comprising national and local printed and digital media reports with pre-determined keywords in Turkish, academic papers, disaster, and city annual reports, and government and aid agency reports. In the studied period, 389 landslides events that caused of death 1343 people were detected. According to the Mann-Kendall (MK) test and Sen's slope method, which is used to determine the temporal distribution characteristic of landslide events and deaths, an increasing trend is observed in both events and the number of deaths in the period comprising 1929-2019. These landslide events, which show intensity in the summer during the year, constitute two major density regions, the Eastern Black Sea Region and the Istanbul environment. In general, the Eastern Black Sea Region is represented by fatal landslides triggered by natural factors, while fatal landslides triggered by anthropogenic factors characterize the Istanbul and near vicinity. Spatially, fatal landslides were recorded in 227 different counties in 67 of 81 cities. The determination of the priority areas was evaluated by the population of the settlements exposed to the landslide and the probability value calculated with the number of landslides recorded and the relationship with the number of the dead. In conclusion, based on the final distribution pattern we revealed that the frequency of the landslides in provinces and districts where the topographic roughness is above the country average, at the Eastern Black Sea Region are strikingly high from the other hilly sections of the country.