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L ow-flow vascular malformations, such as venous or mixed malformations, can cause a variety of medical problems related to pain, compression or invasion of adjacent structures, limited range of motion, bleeding, consumptive coagulopathy, and cosmetic deformity [1-4]. Treatment of these lesions is often problematic. Surgical resection, medical therapy, and transarterial embolization therapy have all had limited suc

Exposure of Bacillus subtilis A spores to 115 to 125 C for several seconds activated a low-temperature germination system that remained dormant after a heat treatment that activated the normal l -alanine- and glucose-stimulated germination systems. The low-temperature germination system was characterized by an optimum temperature lower than that of the l -alanine or glucose germination systems (30 C versus 45 C), germination in the absence of exogenous germination stimulants, and the capacity for heat-induced deactivation and subsequent reactivation. The rates of activation at 115 to 125 C were exponential and were not influenced by a previous heat treatment that activated the l -alanine- or glucose-stimulated germination systems. Although activation of the low-temperature germination system was accompanied by suppression of l -alanine-stimulated germination, it did not appear to be a modification of the l -alanine germination system.

Ninety-two British, caucasian, alcoholic patients with liver disese were grouped on the basis of hepatic histology into fatty change, hepatitis with or without cirrhosis, and cirrhosis alone. Men with alcoholic hepatitis with or without cirrhosis showed an increased incidence of the histocompatibility antigen HLA-B8 (P less than 0.02). Increased measles antibody titres were found in patients without cirrhosis with or without hepatitis and were associated with the B8 phenotype in both sexes. Rubella antibody titres and percentage DNA-binding were raised in patients with cirrhosis and showed no association with the B8 phenotype. Concentrations of IgM and IgA were were raised in patients with stetosis and with hepatitis, while in patients with cirrhosis IgG concentrations were also increased. Low titres of autoantibodies were found in all histological groups. It is possible that the development of hepatitis in response to alcohol abuse may be influenced, at least in men, by a gene linked to the B locus. Otherwise, immune processes associated with alcohol-related liver disease are probably secondary phenomena.

The conical end of a plastic funnel can be sterilized and used for aseptic collection, transfer, and distribution of shaving samples drilled from a frozen-food product. Images