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29 results on '"D. Avila Rojas"'

1. HAWC Study of the Ultra-high-energy Spectrum of MGRO J1908+06

Author

A. Albert, R. Alfaro, C. Alvarez, J. D. Álvarez, J. R. Angeles Camacho, J. C. Arteaga-Velázquez, D. Avila Rojas, H. A. Ayala Solares, R. Babu, E. Belmont-Moreno, C. Brisbois, K. S. Caballero-Mora, T. Capistrán, A. Carramiñana, S. Casanova, U. Cotti, J. Cotzomi, S. Coutiño de León, E. De la Fuente, C. de León, R. Diaz Hernandez, B. L. Dingus, M. A. DuVernois, M. Durocher, J. C. Díaz-Vélez, K. Engel, C. Espinoza, K. L. Fan, K. Fang, M. Fernández Alonso, N. Fraija, D. Garcia, J. A. García-González, F. Garfias, G. Giacinti, H. Goksu, M. M. González, J. A. Goodman, J. P. Harding, J. Hinton, B. Hona, D. Huang, F. Hueyotl-Zahuantitla, P. Hüntemeyer, A. Iriarte, A. Jardin-Blicq, V. Joshi, S. Kaufmann, D. Kieda, W. H. Lee, J. Lee, H. León Vargas, J. T. Linnemann, A. L. Longinotti, G. Luis-Raya, K. Malone, V. Marandon, O. Martinez, J. Martínez-Castro, J. A. Matthews, P. Miranda-Romagnoli, J. A. Morales-Soto, E. Moreno, M. Mostafá, A. Nayerhoda, L. Nellen, M. Newbold, M. U. Nisa, R. Noriega-Papaqui, L. Olivera-Nieto, N. Omodei, A. Peisker, Y. Pérez Araujo, E. G. Pérez-Pérez, C. D. Rho, D. Rosa-González, H. Salazar, F. Salesa Greus, A. Sandoval, M. Schneider, H. Schoorlemmer, J. Serna-Franco, A. J. Smith, Y. Son, R. W. Springer, O. Tibolla, K. Tollefson, I. Torres, R. Torres-Escobedo, R. Turner, F. Ureña-Mena, L. Villaseñor, X. Wang, I. J. Watson, E. Willox, A. Zepeda, H. Zhou, M. Breuhaus, H. Li, and H. Zhang

Subjects
High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, ddc:530, High Energy Physics, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract

We report TeV gamma-ray observations of the ultra-high-energy source MGRO J1908+06 using data from the High Altitude Water Cherenkov (HAWC) Observatory. This source is one of the highest-energy known gamma-ray sources, with emission extending past 200 TeV. Modeling suggests that the bulk of the TeV gamma-ray emission is leptonic in nature, driven by the energetic radio-faint pulsar PSR J1907+0602. Depending on what assumptions are included in the model, a hadronic component may also be allowed. Using the results of the modeling, we discuss implications for detection prospects by multi-messenger campaigns., Comment: accepted by ApJ, in press

Published
2022

2. Searching for TeV Dark Matter in Irregular dwarf galaxies with HAWC Observatory

Author

R. Alfaro, C. Alvarez, J. C. Arteaga-Velázquez, D. Avila Rojas, H. A. Ayala Solares, R. Babu, E. Belmont-Moreno, K. S. Caballero-Mora, T. Capistrán, A. Carramiñana, S. Casanova, O. Chaparro-Amaro, U. Cotti, J. Cotzomi, E. De la Fuente, R. Diaz Hernandez, B. L. Dingus, M. A. DuVernois, M. Durocher, J. C. Díaz-Vélez, C. Espinoza, K. L. Fan, N. Fraija, J. A. García-González, F. Garfias, M. M. González, J. P. Harding, S. Hernández-Cadena, D. Huang, F. Hueyotl-Zahuantitla, A. Iriarte, V. Joshi, S. Kaufmann, D. Kieda, J. Lee, H. León Vargas, J. T. Linnemann, A. L. Longinotti, G. Luis-Raya, K. Malone, O. Martinez, J. Martínez-Castro, J. A. Matthews, E. Moreno, M. Mostafá, A. Nayerhoda, L. Nellen, N. Omodei, Y. Pérez Araujo, E. G. Pérez-Pérez, C. D. Rho, D. Rosa-González, H. Salazar, D. Salazar-Gallegos, A. Sandoval, J. Serna-Franco, Y. Son, R. W. Springer, O. Tibolla, K. Tollefson, I. Torres, R. Torres-Escobedo, R. Turner, F. Ureña-Mena, L. Villaseñor, X. Wang, E. Willox, H. Zhou, C. de León, V. Gammaldi, E. Karukes, and P. Salucci

Subjects
High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Space and Planetary Science, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract

We present the results of dark matter (DM) searches in a sample of 31 dwarf irregular (dIrr) galaxies within the field of view of the HAWC Observatory. dIrr galaxies are DM dominated objects, which astrophysical gamma-ray emission is estimated to be negligible with respect to the secondary gamma-ray flux expected by annihilation or decay of Weakly Interacting Massive Particles (WIMPs). While we do not see any statistically significant DM signal in dIrr galaxies, we present the exclusion limits ($95\%~\text{C.L.}$) for annihilation cross-section and decay lifetime for WIMP candidates with masses between $1$ and $100~\text{TeV}$. Exclusion limits from dIrr galaxies are relevant and complementary to benchmark dwarf Spheroidal (dSph) galaxies. In fact, dIrr galaxies are targets kinematically different from benchmark dSph, preserving the footprints of different evolution histories. We compare the limits from dIrr galaxies to those from ultrafaint and classical dSph galaxies previously observed with HAWC. We find that the contraints are comparable to the limits from classical dSph galaxies and $\thicksim2$ orders of magnitude weaker than the ultrafaint dSph limits., Comment: 22 pages, 11 figures, 3 tables

Published
2023
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3. The High-Altitude Water Cherenkov (HAWC) Observatory in México: The Primary Detector

Author

A.U. Abeysekara, A. Albert, R. Alfaro, C. Alvarez, J.D. Álvarez, M. Araya, J.C. Arteaga-Velázquez, K.P. Arunbabu, D. Avila Rojas, H.A. Ayala Solares, R. Babu, A.S. Barber, A. Becerril, E. Belmont-Moreno, S.Y. BenZvi, O. Blanco, J. Braun, C. Brisbois, K.S. Caballero-Mora, J.I. Cabrera Martínez, T. Capistrán, A. Carramiñana, S. Casanova, M. Castillo, O. Chaparro-Amaro, U. Cotti, J. Cotzomi, S. Coutiño de León, E. de la Fuente, C. de León, T. De Young, R. Diaz Hernandez, B.L. Dingus, M.A. DuVernois, M. Durocher, J.C. Díaz-Vélez, R.W. Ellsworth, K. Engel, C. Espinoza, K.L. Fan, K. Fang, B. Fick, H. Fleischhack, J.L. Flores, N. Fraija, J.A. García-González, G. Garcia-Torales, F. Garfias, G. Giacinti, H. Goksu, M.M. González, A. González-Muñoz, J.A. Goodman, J.P. Harding, E. Hernandez, S. Hernandez, J. Hinton, B. Hona, D. Huang, F. Hueyotl-Zahuantitla, C.M. Hui, T.B. Humensky, P. Hüntemeyer, A. Iriarte, A. Imran, A. Jardin-Blicq, V. Joshi, S. Kaufmann, D. Kieda, G.J. Kunde, A. Lara, R. Lauer, W.H. Lee, D. Lennarz, H. León Vargas, J.T. Linnemann, A.L. Longinotti, G. Luis-Raya, J. Lundeen, K. Malone, V. Marandon, A. Marinelli, O. Martinez, I. Martínez-Castellanos, J. Martínez-Castro, H. Martínez-Huerta, J.A. Matthews, P. Miranda-Romagnoli, T. Montaruli, J.A. Morales-Soto, E. Moreno, M. Mostafá, A. Nayerhoda, L. Nellen, M. Newbold, M.U. Nisa, R. Noriega-Papaqui, T. Oceguera-Becerra, L. Olivera-Nieto, N. Omodei, A. Peisker, Y. Pérez Araujo, E.G. Pérez-Pérez, E. Ponce, J. Pretz, C.D. Rho, D. Rosa-González, E. Ruiz-Velasco, H. Salazar, D. Salazar-Gallegos, F. Salesa Greus, A. Sandoval, M. Schneider, H. Schoorlemmer, J. Serna-Franco, G. Sinnis, A.J. Smith, Y. Son, K. Sparks Woodle, R.W. Springer, I. Taboada, A. Tepe, O. Tibolla, K. Tollefson, I. Torres, R. Torres-Escobedo, R. Turner, F. Ureña-Mena, T.N. Ukwatta, E. Varela, M. Vargas-Magaña, L. Villaseñor, X. Wang, I.J. Watson, F. Werner, S. Westerhoff, E. Willox, I. Wisher, J. Wood, G.B. Yodh, D. Zaborov, A. Zepeda, and H. Zhou

Subjects
High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Nuclear and High Energy Physics, FOS: Physical sciences, High Energy Physics, Molecular Developmental Biology, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Instrumentation, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
Abstract

The High-Altitude Water Cherenkov (HAWC) observatory is a second-generation continuously operated, wide field-of-view, TeV gamma-ray observatory. The HAWC observatory and its analysis techniques build on experience of the Milagro experiment in using ground-based water Cherenkov detectors for gamma-ray astronomy. HAWC is located on the Sierra Negra volcano in M\'exico at an elevation of 4100 meters above sea level. The completed HAWC observatory principal detector (HAWC) consists of 300 closely spaced water Cherenkov detectors, each equipped with four photomultiplier tubes to provide timing and charge information to reconstruct the extensive air shower energy and arrival direction. The HAWC observatory has been optimized to observe transient and steady emission from sources of gamma rays within an energy range from several hundred GeV to several hundred TeV. However, most of the air showers detected are initiated by cosmic rays, allowing studies of cosmic rays also to be performed. This paper describes the characteristics of the HAWC main array and its hardware., Comment: Accepted for publications in Nuclear Inst. and Methods in Physics Research, A (2023) 168253 ( https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0168900223002437 ); 39 pages, 14 Figures

Published
2023
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4. Gamma/Hadron Separation with the HAWC Observatory

Author

R. Alfaro, C. Alvarez, J.D. Álvarez, J.R. Angeles Camacho, J.C. Arteaga-Velázquez, D. Avila Rojas, H.A. Ayala Solares, R. Babu, E. Belmont-Moreno, C. Brisbois, K.S. Caballero-Mora, T. Capistrán, A. Carramiñana, S. Casanova, O. Chaparro-Amaro, U. Cotti, J. Cotzomi, S. Coutiño de León, E. De la Fuente, C. de León, R. Diaz Hernandez, B.L. Dingus, M.A. DuVernois, M. Durocher, J.C. Díaz-Vélez, R.W. Ellsworth, K. Engel, C. Espinoza, K.L. Fan, M. Fernández Alonso, N. Fraija, D. Garcia, J.A. García-González, F. Garfias, M.M. González, J.A. Goodman, J.P. Harding, S. Hernandez, B. Hona, D. Huang, F. Hueyotl-Zahuantitla, P. Hüntemeyer, A. Iriarte, A. Jardin-Blicq, V. Joshi, S. Kaufmann, G.J. Kunde, A. Lara, W.H. Lee, J. Lee, H. León Vargas, J.T. Linnemann, G. Luis-Raya, J. Lundeen, K. Malone, V. Marandon, O. Martinez, J. Martínez-Castro, J.A. Matthews, P. Miranda-Romagnoli, J.A. Morales-Soto, A. Nayerhoda, L. Nellen, M.U. Nisa, R. Noriega-Papaqui, L. Olivera-Nieto, N. Omodei, A. Peisker, Y. Pérez Araujo, E.G. Pérez-Pérez, C.D. Rho, D. Rosa-González, E. Ruiz-Velasco, H. Salazar, F. Salesa Greus, A. Sandoval, P.M. Saz Parkinson, J. Serna-Franco, A.J. Smith, R.W. Springer, O. Tibolla, K. Tollefson, I. Torres, R. Torres-Escobedo, R. Turner, F. Ureña-Mena, L. Villaseñor, X. Wang, I.J. Watson, F. Werner, E. Willox, J. Wood, A. Zepeda, and H. Zhou

Subjects
HAWC - Abteilung Hinton, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), High Energy Physics - Experiment, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), High Energy Physics::Experiment, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), Instrumentation
Abstract

The High Altitude Water Cherenkov (HAWC) gamma-ray observatory observes atmospheric showers produced by incident gamma rays and cosmic rays with energy from 300 GeV to more than 100 TeV. A crucial phase in analyzing gamma-ray sources using ground-based gamma-ray detectors like HAWC is to identify the showers produced by gamma rays or hadrons. The HAWC observatory records roughly 25,000 events per second, with hadrons representing the vast majority ($>99.9\%$) of these events. The standard gamma/hadron separation technique in HAWC uses a simple rectangular cut involving only two parameters. This work describes the implementation of more sophisticated gamma/hadron separation techniques, via machine learning methods (boosted decision trees and neural networks), and summarizes the resulting improvements in gamma/hadron separation obtained in HAWC., 35 pages, 9 figures, published in Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A

Published
2022

5. Probing the extragalactic mid-infrared background with HAWC

Author

A. Albert, R. Alfaro, C. Alvarez, J. C. Arteaga-Velázquez, D. Avila Rojas, H. A. Ayala Solares, R. Babu, E. Belmont-Moreno, K. S. Caballero-Mora, T. Capistrán, A. Carramiñana, S. Casanova, O. Chaparro-Amaro, U. Cotti, J. Cotzomi, S. Coutiño de León, E. De la Fuente, R. Diaz Hernandez, M. A. DuVernois, M. Durocher, J. C. Díaz-Vélez, K. Engel, C. Espinoza, K. L. Fan, M. Fernández Alonso, N. Fraija, J. A. García-González, F. Garfias, M. M. González, J. A. Goodman, J. P. Harding, S. Hernandez, D. Huang, F. Hueyotl-Zahuantitla, P. Hntemeyer, A. Iriarte, A. Jardin-Blicq, V. Joshi, D. Kieda, W. H. Lee, J. T. Linnemann, A. L. Longinotti, G. Luis-Raya, K. Malone, O. Martinez, J. Martínez-Castro, J. A. Matthews, P. Miranda-Romagnoli, E. Moreno, M. Mostafá, A. Nayerhoda, L. Nellen, M. Newbold, M. U. Nisa, R. Noriega-Papaqui, N. Omodei, A. Peisker, Y. Pérez Araujo, E. G. Pérez-Pérez, C. D. Rho, D. Rosa-González, H. Salazar, D. Salazar-Gallegos, F. Salesa Greus, A. Sandoval, J. Serna-Franco, A. J. Smith, Y. Son, R. W. Springer, O. Tibolla, K. Tollefson, I. Torres, R. Torres-Escobedo, R. Turner, F. Ureña-Mena, L. Villaseñor, X. Wang, T. Weisgarber, E. Willox, H. Zhou, and C. de León

Subjects
High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, ddc:520, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics
Abstract

The extragalactic background light (EBL) contains all the radiation emitted by nuclear and accretion processes in stars and compact objects since the epoch of recombination. Measuring the EBL density directly is challenging, especially in the near- to far-infrared waveband, mainly due to the zodiacal light foreground. Instead, gamma-ray astronomy offers the possibility to indirectly set limits on the EBL by studying the effects of gamma-ray absorption in the very high energy (VHE:$>$100 GeV) spectra of distant blazars. The High Altitude Water Cherenkov gamma ray observatory (HAWC) is one of the few instruments sensitive to gamma rays with energies above 10 TeV. This offers the opportunity to probe the EBL in the near/mid IR region: $\lambda$ = 1 $\mu$m - 100 $\mu$m. In this study, we fit physically motivated emission models to Fermi Large Area Telescope (LAT) GeV data to extrapolate the intrinsic TeV spectra of blazars. We then simulate a large number of absorbed spectra for different randomly generated EBL model shapes and calculate Bayesian credible bands in the EBL intensity space by comparing and testing the agreement between the absorbed spectra and HAWC extragalactic observations of two blazars. The resulting bands are in agreement with current EBL lower and upper limits, showing a downward trend towards higher wavelength values $\lambda>10\, \mu$m also observed in previous measurements., Comment: Submitted to ApJ

Published
2022
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6. GRB 221009A: A Light Dark Matter Burst or an Extremely Bright Inverse Compton Component?

Author

M. M. González, D. Avila Rojas, A. Pratts, S. Hernández-Cadena, N. Fraija, R. Alfaro, Y. Pérez Araujo, and J. A. Montes

Subjects
High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph), Space and Planetary Science, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract

Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) have been considered as potential very high-energy photon emitters due to the large amount of energy released as well as the strong magnetic fields involved in their jets. However, the detection of TeV photons is not expected from bursts beyond a redshift of $z\gtrsim 0.1$ due to their attenuation with the extragalactic background light (EBL). For these reasons, the recent observation of photons with energies of 18 and 251 TeV from GRB 221009A (z=0.151) last October 9th, 2022 has challenged what we know about the TeV-emission mechanisms and the extragalactic background. In order to explain the TeV observations, recent works exploring candidates of dark matter have started to appear. In this paper, we discuss the required conditions and limitations within the most plausible scenario, synchrotron-self Compton (SSC) radiation in the GRB afterglow, to interpret the one 18-TeV photon observation besides the EBL. To avoid the Klein-Nishina effect, we find an improbable value of the microphysical magnetic parameter below $10^{-6}$ for a circumburst medium value $> 1{\rm cm^{-3}}$ (expected in the collapsar scenario). Therefore, we explore possible scenarios in terms of ALPs and dark photon mechanisms to interpret this highly-energetic photon and we discuss the implications in the GRB energetics. We find that the ALPs and dark photon scenarios can explain the 18 TeV photon but not the 251 TeV photon., 15 pages, 5 figures, 4 tables

Published
2023

7. Detailed Analysis of the TeV γ-Ray Sources 3HWC J1928+178, 3HWC J1930+188, and the New Source HAWC J1932+192

Author

A. Albert, R. Alfaro, C. Alvarez, J. C. Arteaga-Velázquez, D. Avila Rojas, H. A. Ayala Solares, R. Babu, E. Belmont-Moreno, C. Brisbois, K. S. Caballero-Mora, T. Capistrán, A. Carramiñana, S. Casanova, O. Chaparro-Amaro, U. Cotti, J. Cotzomi, S. Coutiño de León, E. De la Fuente, C. de León, R. Diaz Hernandez, J. C. Díaz-Vélez, B. L. Dingus, M. A. DuVernois, M. Durocher, K. Engel, C. Espinoza, K. L. Fan, M. Fernández Alonso, N. Fraija, J. A. García-González, F. Garfias, H. Goksu, M. M. González, J. A. Goodman, J. P. Harding, S. Hernandez, J. Hinton, B. Hona, D. Huang, F. Hueyotl-Zahuantitla, P. Hüntemeyer, A. Iriarte, A. Jardin-Blicq, V. Joshi, S. Kaufmann, D. Kieda, W. H. Lee, H. León Vargas, J. T. Linnemann, A. L. Longinotti, G. Luis-Raya, R. López-Coto, K. Malone, V. Marandon, O. Martinez, J. Martínez-Castro, J. A. Matthews, P. Miranda-Romagnoli, J. A. Morales-Soto, E. Moreno, M. Mostafá, A. Nayerhoda, L. Nellen, M. Newbold, M. U. Nisa, R. Noriega-Papaqui, L. Olivera-Nieto, N. Omodei, A. Peisker, Y. Pérez Araujo, E. G. Pérez-Pérez, C. D. Rho, D. Rosa-González, E. Ruiz-Velasco, H. Salazar, D. Salazar-Gallegos, F. Salesa Greus, A. Sandoval, M. Schneider, J. Serna-Franco, A. J. Smith, Y. Son, R. W. Springer, O. Tibolla, K. Tollefson, I. Torres, R. Torres-Escobedo, R. Turner, F. Ureña-Mena, L. Villaseñor, X. Wang, F. Werner, E. Willox, and H. Zhou

Subjects
High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Space and Planetary Science, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract

The latest High Altitude Water Cherenkov (HAWC) point-like source catalog up to 56 TeV reported the detection of two sources in the region of the Galactic plane at galactic longitude 52° < ℓ < 55°, 3HWC J1930+188 and 3HWC J1928+178. The first one is associated with a known TeV source, the supernova remnant SNR G054.1+00.3. It was discovered by one of the currently operating Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescope (IACT), the Very Energetic Radiation Imaging Telescope Array System (VERITAS), detected by the High Energy Stereoscopic System (H.E.S.S), and identified as a composite SNR. However, the source 3HWC J1928+178, discovered by HAWC and coincident with the pulsar PSR J1928+1746, was not detected by any IACT despite their long exposure on the region, until a recent new analysis of H.E.S.S. data was able to confirm it. Moreover, no X-ray counterpart has been detected from this pulsar. We present a multicomponent fit of this region using the latest HAWC data. This reveals an additional new source, HAWC J1932+192, which is potentially associated with the pulsar PSR J1932+1916, whose γ-ray emission could come from the acceleration of particles in its pulsar wind nebula. In the case of 3HWC J1928+178, several possible explanations are explored, in an attempt to unveil the origins of the very-high-energy γ-ray emission.

Published
2023

8. TeV Emission of Galactic Plane Sources with HAWC and H.E.S.S

Author

Nicola Omodei, Sebastian Panny, A. Sandoval, Q. Piel, S. Raab, Arturo Iriarte, Kirsty Feijen, R. D. Parsons, Michael Newbold, J. Zorn, Michael Schneider, Fernando Garfias, D. Huber, Christo Venter, Jacek Niemiec, Arnaud Mares, Frank M. Rieger, Thomas Weisgarber, A. Dmytriiev, Olaf Reimer, A. Zech, E. Ruiz-Velasco, Thomas Bylund, Y. A. Gallant, David Sánchez, R. López-Coto, Jorge Cotzomi, Jacques Muller, H. León Vargas, Alison Peisker, Justine Devin, Thomas Murach, P. Morris, Harm Schoorlemmer, Jonathan Mackey, Andrea Albert, Samuel Zouari, Pascal Vincent, M. Zacharias, Stefan Ohm, S. Pita, Tadayuki Takahashi, Gilgamesh Luis-Raya, A. Yusafzai, Andreas Quirrenbach, Samuel Timothy Spencer, Stefano Gabici, Regis Terrier, Victor Doroshenko, L. Nellen, Włodek Kluźniak, R. Noriega-Papaqui, E. Kasai, C. Moore, L. Oakes, J. Bolmont, Michal Ostrowski, J.-P. Lenain, Pooja Surajbali, William H. Lee, L. Olivera-Nieto, E. Moulin, Tomasz Bulik, Rhiannon Turner, Lente Dreyer, O. Martinez, Stefan Klepser, Alessandro Montanari, D. J. van der Walt, Fernando Ureña-Mena, J. P. Harding, César Alvarez, Michael DuVernois, A.M. Taylor, J. C. Arteaga-Velézquez, Connor Duffy, Davit Zargaryan, R. J. White, Stefan Funk, Alicja Wierzcholska, Dmitriy Kostunin, J. Damascene Mbarubucyeye, R. Rauth, Maria Magdalena González, Kristi Engel, A. Galván-Gámez, Christoph Deil, Krzysztof Katarzynski, F. Eichhorn, Mohanraj Senniappan, E. Moreno, Michael Punch, Axel Donath, B. Hona, A. W. Chen, S. Steinmassl, Sami Caroff, Domenico Tiziani, D. Malyshev, Catherine Boisson, M. Panter, Mora Durocher, U. Katz, Pedro Miranda-Romagnoli, C. Arcaro, H. Zhou, Michael Backes, S. Coutiño de León, Ernesto Belmont-Moreno, M. de Bony de Lavergne, R. Brose, Petra Hüntemeyer, C. Levy, Francois Brun, R. J. Tuffs, B. Bi, Andreas Specovius, Joachim Hahn, K. P. Arunbabu, Riaan Steenkamp, Gavin Rowell, P. Reichherzer, James E. M. Watson, M. Bryan, E. de Oña Wilhelmi, Łukasz Stawarz, C. van Rensburg, Pierre Brun, Brenda Dingus, V. Marandon, J. A. Morales-Soto, M. Büchele, H. Prokoph, C. De León, A. Marcowith, V. Baghmanyan, J. Schäfer, Nu. Komin, Tim Holch, Q. Remy, H. M. Schutte, Isak Delberth Davids, A. Fiasson, Jean-Pierre Ernenwein, Hassan Abdalla, S. Hernandez, Jim Hinton, V. Sahakian, E. De la Fuente, F. Werner, Mischa Breuhaus, Luis Villaseñor, Yu Wun Wong, Hambeleleni Ndiyavala, D. Avila Rojas, G. Lamanna, K. S. Caballero-Mora, Roberta Zanin, G. Emery, Halim Ashkar, Fabian Leuschner, Heiko Salzmann, A. S. Seyffert, Kwok Lung Fan, M. Hörbe, T. Tavernier, Nissim Illich Fraija, P. T. O'Brien, Johannes Veh, S. Sailer, Dmitry Khangulyan, Gilles Maurin, S. J. Fegan, A. Djannati-Ataï, D. Jankowsky, J. Dyks, Celine Armand, M. Füßling, R. Marx, Dieter Horns, M. Tluczykont, F. Ait Benkhali, J. F. Glicenstein, M. U. Nisa, Marek Jamrozy, Clemens Hoischen, A. A. Zdziarski, A. Jardin-Blicq, E. O. Angüner, R. Diaz Hernandez, N. Shafi, Natalia Żywucka, M. de Naurois, Andrea Santangelo, K. Malone, Gwenael Giacinti, L. Sun, M.-H. Grondin, D. Garcia, M. Seglar-Arroyo, B. Khélifi, A. J. Smith, T. Capistrán, B. van Soelen, G. Hermann, Anna Barnacka, D. Gottschall, Anne Lemiere, B. Rudak, Markus Böttcher, K. Tollefson, Jhilik Majumdar, Helene Sol, T. Chand, C. Brisbois, Andreas Zmija, Tom Armstrong, Elijah Willox, Carlo Romoli, Alison Mitchell, R. Torres-Escobedo, Atreyee Sinha, Manuel Meyer, I. Martinez-Castellanos, Zorawar Wadiasingh, A. Priyana Noel, V. Barbosa Martins, C. van Eldik, M. Lemoine-Goumard, M. Tsirou, Michael Kreter, Anna Lia Longinotti, F. Schüssler, Dezhi Huang, Jose Andres Garcia-Gonzalez, Werner Hofmann, Monica Barnard, Juan Carlos Diaz-Velez, V. Poireau, Jimmy N.S. Shapopi, K. Nakashima, José Serna-Franco, G. Peron, Garret Cotter, Jacco Vink, A. Carraminana, Umberto Cotti, Jim Davies, M. A. Kastendieck, Thomas Lohse, K. Kosack, Paolo Marchegiani, Konrad Bernlöhr, Heinrich J. Völk, Sabrina Casanova, Catalina Espinoza, M. Renaud, D. Berge, G. Vasileiadis, F. Salesa Greus, I. Jung-Richardt, Kleopas Shiningayamwe, Gilles Fontaine, J. T. Linnemann, Lenka Tomankova, M. Mostafá, G. Fichet de Clairfontaine, R. Konno, Gianluca Giavitto, V. Joshi, B. Peyaud, G. Pühlhofer, J. A. Goodman, H. Odaka, A. Reimer, R. W. Ellsworth, R. W. Springer, M. Curyło, F. Hueyotl-Zahuantitla, E. G. Pérez-Pérez, Y. Pérez Araujo, A. Nayerhoda, Christian Stegmann, Stefan Wagner, Yasunobu Uchiyama, David Kieda, L. Mohrmann, Misao Sasaki, Markus Holler, Felix Jankowsky, Felix Aharonian, D. Glawion, Jesús Martínez-Castro, Segev BenZvi, Constantin Steppa, L. Giunti, D. A. Prokhorov, Ullrich Schwanke, L. Rinchiuso, J. A. Matthews, Ibrahim Torres, Rachel Simoni, A. Carosi, K. Egberts, S. Chandra, Ruben Alfaro, Sabrina Einecke, Iryna Lypova, Daniel Rosa-Gonzalez, Yvonne Becherini, M. Fernández Alonso, L. Dirson, G. Martí-Devesa, C. Trichard, Sylvia Zhu, P. J. Meintjes, J. H. E. Thiersen, Marion Spir-Jacob, Maria Haupt, C. D. Rho, Rafal Moderski, Centre de Physique des Particules de Marseille (CPPM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies (LPNHE (UMR_7585)), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet (LLR), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Univers et Particules de Montpellier (LUPM), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d'Etudes Nucléaires de Bordeaux Gradignan (CENBG), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Gravitation and Astroparticle Physics Amsterdam, High Energy Astrophys. & Astropart. Phys (API, FNWI), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Collaboration, H.E.S.S., and Collaboration, HAWC

Subjects
High-energy astronomy, media_common.quotation_subject, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, IACT, Field of view, 030226 pharmacology & pharmacy, 01 natural sciences, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Observatory, 0103 physical sciences, High Energy Stereoscopic System, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), Cherenkov radiation, media_common, Physics, [PHYS]Physics [physics], Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astronomy, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Galactic plane, Space and Planetary Science, Sky, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], High energy astrophysics
Abstract

International audience; The High Altitude Water Cherenkov (HAWC) observatory and the High Energy Stereoscopic System (H.E.S.S.) are two leading instruments in the ground-based very-high-energy γ-ray domain. HAWC employs the water Cherenkov detection (WCD) technique, while H.E.S.S. is an array of Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes (IACTs). The two facilities therefore differ in multiple aspects, including their observation strategy, the size of their field of view, and their angular resolution, leading to different analysis approaches. Until now, it has been unclear if the results of observations by both types of instruments are consistent: several of the recently discovered HAWC sources have been followed up by IACTs, resulting in a confirmed detection only in a minority of cases. With this paper, we go further and try to resolve the tensions between previous results by performing a new analysis of the H.E.S.S. Galactic plane survey data, applying an analysis technique comparable between H.E.S.S. and HAWC. Events above 1 TeV are selected for both data sets, the point-spread function of H.E.S.S. is broadened to approach that of HAWC, and a similar background estimation method is used. This is the first detailed comparison of the Galactic plane observed by both instruments. H.E.S.S. can confirm the γ-ray emission of four HAWC sources among seven previously undetected by IACTs, while the three others have measured fluxes below the sensitivity of the H.E.S.S. data set. Remaining differences in the overall γ-ray flux can be explained by the systematic uncertainties. Therefore, we confirm a consistent view of the γ-ray sky between WCD and IACT techniques.

Published
2021

9. HAWC Search for High-Mass Microquasars

Author

Ernesto Belmont-Moreno, Elijah Willox, J. A. Goodman, Dezhi Huang, Jorge Cotzomi, Mora Durocher, Petra Hüntemeyer, J. P. Harding, R. W. Springer, A. Carraminana, K. Malone, A. J. Smith, J. C. Arteaga-Velázquez, H. Zhou, Joe Lundeen, C. D. Rho, F. Salesa Greus, R. W. Ellsworth, C. De León, K. P. Arunbabu, A. L. Longinotti, David Kieda, B. Hona, Alison Peisker, L. Nellen, E. Moreno, Fernando Ureña-Mena, Umberto Cotti, R. Torres-Escobedo, C. Brisbois, Sabrina Casanova, R. Diaz Hernandez, Maria Magdalena González, S. Hernandez, Nissim Illich Fraija, Karen S. Caballero-Mora, Michael Newbold, Rhiannon Turner, Fernando Garfias, Michael DuVernois, Thomas Weisgarber, Catalina Espinoza, A. Sandoval, Jose Andres Garcia-Gonzalez, Filiberto Hueyotl-Zahuantitla, Jesús Martínez-Castro, Michael Schneider, H. A. Ayala Solares, Ke Fang, Y. J. Roh, Andrea Albert, T. Capistrán, O. Martinez, Ian James Watson, Miguel Mostafa, Gilgamesh Luis-Raya, V. Baghmanyan, V. Joshi, José Serna-Franco, Alejandro Lara, J. T. Linnemann, R. Noriega-Papaqui, William H. Lee, L. Olivera-Nieto, J. S. H. Lee, A. Galván-Gámez, Brenda Dingus, K. Tollefson, Ruben Alfaro, Pedro Miranda-Romagnoli, Daniel Rosa-Gonzalez, John Matthews, J. A. Morales-Soto, Luis Villaseñor, Kwok Lung Fan, H. León Vargas, A. Jardin-Blicq, Ibrahim Torres, M. U. Nisa, Juan Carlos Diaz-Velez, C. Alvarez, Nicola Omodei, Arturo Iriarte, Y. Pérez Araujo, A. Nayerhoda, Segev BenZvi, E. De la Fuente, D. Avila Rojas, and J. R. Angeles Camacho

Subjects
High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Physics, Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, High mass, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract

Microquasars with high-mass companion stars are promising very-high-energy (VHE; 0.1-100 TeV) gamma-ray emitters, but their behaviors above 10 TeV are poorly known. Using the High Altitude Water Cherenkov (HAWC) observatory, we search for excess gamma-ray emission coincident with the positions of known high-mass microquasars (HMMQs). No significant emission is observed for LS 5039, Cygnus X-1, Cygnus X-3, and SS 433 with 1,523 days of HAWC data. We set the most stringent limit above 10 TeV obtained to date on each individual source. Under the assumption that HMMQs produce gamma rays via a common mechanism, we have performed source-stacking searches, considering two different scenarios: I) gamma-ray luminosity is a fraction $\epsilon_\gamma$ of the microquasar jet luminosity, and II) very-high-energy gamma rays are produced by relativistic electrons up-scattering the radiation field of the companion star in a magnetic field $B$. We obtain $\epsilon_\gamma < 5.4\times 10^{-6}$ for scenario I, which tightly constrains models that suggest observable high-energy neutrino emission by HMMQs. In the case of scenario II, the non-detection of VHE gamma rays yields a strong magnetic field, which challenges synchrotron radiation as the dominant mechanism of the microquasar emission between 10 keV and 10 MeV., Comment: Accepted for publication in ApJL

Published
2021

10. Evidence that Ultra-High-Energy Gamma Rays are a Universal Feature Near Powerful Pulsars

Author

R. Diaz Hernandez, Pedro Miranda-Romagnoli, J. A. Goodman, J. R. Angeles Camacho, Michael Newbold, Karen S. Caballero-Mora, Catalina Espinoza, John Matthews, Fernando Garfias, Jesús Martínez-Castro, H. A. Ayala Solares, Andrea Albert, Segev BenZvi, C. D. Rho, Thomas Weisgarber, Nicola Omodei, Dezhi Huang, Nissim Illich Fraija, E. Ruiz-Velasco, R. Torres-Escobedo, Ibrahim Torres, Arturo Iriarte, H. León Vargas, A. Carraminana, Joe Lundeen, R. W. Ellsworth, Meghan Tanner, C. De León, A. Sandoval, O. Martinez, K. Malone, J. C. Arteaga-Velázquez, Ernesto Belmont-Moreno, R. W. Springer, Michael Schneider, Alison Peisker, H. Zhou, E. G. Pérez-Pérez, K. P. Arunbabu, A. L. Longinotti, Kristi Engel, Harm Schoorlemmer, B. Hona, A. Jardin-Blicq, Elijah Willox, J. D. Álvarez, J. A. Morales-Soto, T. Capistrán, A. J. Smith, David Kieda, Humberto Ibarguen Salazar, Y. Pérez Araujo, J. P. Harding, Gwenael Giacinti, Gilgamesh Luis-Raya, L. Nellen, A. Nayerhoda, R. Noriega-Papaqui, Juan Carlos Diaz-Velez, S. Hernandez, Ruben Alfaro, William H. Lee, L. Olivera-Nieto, M. Fernández Alonso, C. Alvarez, Y. J. Roh, Miguel Mostafa, Daniel Rosa-Gonzalez, José Serna-Franco, Luis Villaseñor, Umberto Cotti, E. De la Fuente, Sabrina Casanova, D. Avila Rojas, V. Joshi, F. Salesa Greus, S. Coutiño de León, M. U. Nisa, Jorge Cotzomi, Alejandro Lara, J. T. Linnemann, Rhiannon Turner, Maria Magdalena González, Michael DuVernois, Kwok Lung Fan, Filiberto Hueyotl-Zahuantitla, J. S. H. Lee, E. Moreno, A. Galván-Gámez, Brenda Dingus, V. Marandon, K. Tollefson, C. Brisbois, V. Baghmanyan, Mora Durocher, Petra Hüntemeyer, Pooja Surajbali, Fernando Ureña-Mena, and Jose Andres Garcia-Gonzalez

Subjects
Astroparticle physics, Physics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), High energy, High-energy astronomy, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Gamma ray, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics, Pulsar, Space and Planetary Science, Feature (computer vision), Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract

The highest-energy known gamma-ray sources are all located within 0.5 degrees of extremely powerful pulsars. This raises the question of whether ultra-high-energy (UHE; $>$ 56 TeV) gamma-ray emission is a universal feature expected near pulsars with a high spin-down power. Using four years of data from the High Altitude Water Cherenkov (HAWC) Gamma-Ray Observatory, we present a joint-likelihood analysis of ten extremely powerful pulsars to search for UHE gamma-ray emission correlated with these locations. We report a significant detection ($>$ 3$��$), indicating that UHE gamma-ray emission is a generic feature of powerful pulsars. We discuss the emission mechanisms of the gamma rays and the implications of this result. The individual environment that each pulsar is found in appears to play a role in the amount of emission., accepted by ApJL

Published
2021

11. Long-term spectra of the blazars Mrk 421 and Mrk 501 at TeV energies seen by HAWC

Author

A. Albert, R. Alfaro, C. Alvarez, J. R. Angeles Camacho, J. C. Arteaga-Velázquez, K. P. Arunbabu, D. Avila Rojas, H. A. Ayala Solares, V. Baghmanyan, E. Belmont-Moreno, K. S. Caballero-Mora, T. Capistrán, A. Carramiñana, S. Casanova, U. Cotti, J. Cotzomi, S. Coutiño de León, E. De la Fuente, R. Diaz Hernandez, M. A. DuVernois, M. Durocher, J. C. Díaz-Vélez, K. Engel, C. Espinoza, K. L. Fan, M. Fernández Alonso, N. Fraija, D. Garcia, J. A. García-González, F. Garfias, M. M. González, J. A. Goodman, J. P. Harding, B. Hona, D. Huang, F. Hueyotl-Zahuantitla, P. Hüntemeyer, A. Iriarte, V. Joshi, A. Lara, W. H. Lee, J. Lee, H. León Vargas, J. T. Linneman, A. L. Longinotti, G. Luis-Raya, K. Malone, O. Martinez, J. Martínez-Castro, J. A. Matthews, P. Miranda-Romagnoli, E. Moreno, M. Mostafá, A. Nayerhoda, L. Nellen, M. Newbold, R. Noriega-Papaqui, A. Peisker, Y. Pérez Araujo, E. G. Pérez-Pérez, C. D. Rho, D. Rosa-González, H. Salazar, F. Salesa Greus, A. Sandoval, M. Schneider, J. Serna-Franco, A. J. Smith, R. W. Springer, K. Tollefson, I. Torres, R. Torres-Escobedo, F. Ureña-Mena, L. Villaseñor, X. Wang, T. Weisgarber, E. Willox, H. Zhou, and C. de León

Subjects
High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, ddc:530, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract

The High Altitude Water Cherenkov (HAWC) Gamma-Ray Observatory surveys the very high energy sky in the 300 GeV to $>100$ TeV energy range. HAWC has detected two blazars above $11\sigma$, Markarian 421 (Mrk 421) and Markarian 501 (Mrk 501). The observations are comprised of data taken in the period between June 2015 and July 2018, resulting in a $\sim 1038$ days of exposure. In this work we report the time-averaged spectral analysis for both sources above 0.5 TeV. Taking into account the flux attenuation due to the extragalactic background light (EBL), the intrinsic spectrum of Mrk 421 is described by a power law with an exponential energy cut-off with index $\alpha=2.26\pm(0.12)_{stat}(_{-0.2}^{+0.17})_{sys}$ and energy cut-off $E_c=5.1\pm(1.6)_{stat}(_{-2.5}^{+1.4})_{sys}$ TeV, while the intrinsic spectrum of Mrk 501 is better described by a simple power law with index $\alpha=2.61\pm(0.11)_{stat}(_{-0.07}^{+0.01})_{sys}$. The maximum energies at which the Mrk 421 and Mrk 501 signals are detected are 9 and 12 TeV, respectively. This makes these some of the highest energy detections to date for spectra averaged over years-long timescales. Since the observation of gamma radiation from blazars provides information about the physical processes that take place in their relativistic jets, it is important to study the broad-band spectral energy distribution (SED) of these objects. To this purpose, contemporaneous data in the gamma-ray band to X-ray range, and literature data in the radio to UV range, were used to build time-averaged SEDs that were modeled within a synchrotron self-Compton leptonic scenario., Comment: 16 pages, 5 tables, 9 figures

Published
2021
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12. Probing the Sea of Cosmic Rays by Measuring Gamma-Ray Emission from Passive Giant Molecular Clouds with HAWC

Author

Segev BenZvi, C. Alvarez, S. Coutiño de León, A. Sandoval, Alejandro Lara, Pooja Surajbali, S. Hernandez, E. De la Fuente, Fernando Ureña-Mena, D. Avila Rojas, R. Diaz Hernandez, Andrea Albert, Michael Schneider, K. Malone, Fernando Garfias, H. Zhou, E. Ruiz-Velasco, C. Brisbois, K. P. Arunbabu, Mora Durocher, Petra Hüntemeyer, A. L. Longinotti, O. Martinez, J. S. H. Lee, D. Garcia, H. León Vargas, J. A. Morales-Soto, A. Galván-Gámez, Nicola Omodei, J. A. Goodman, Meghan Tanner, Arturo Iriarte, Brenda Dingus, Y. Pérez Araujo, J. C. Arteaga-Velázquez, Michael Newbold, Alison Peisker, A. Nayerhoda, Juan Carlos Diaz-Velez, Luis Villaseñor, Jose Andres Garcia-Gonzalez, J. R. Angeles Camacho, Ernesto Belmont-Moreno, E. Moreno, Miguel Mostafa, B. Hona, Kwok Lung Fan, Umberto Cotti, K. Tollefson, Kristi Engel, Nissim Illich Fraija, J. P. Harding, T. Weisgarber, Maria Magdalena González, V. Joshi, Sabrina Casanova, M. U. Nisa, J. A. Matthews, Karen S. Caballero-Mora, Ibrahim Torres, V. Baghmanyan, Elijah Willox, Jorge Cotzomi, Catalina Espinoza, José Serna-Franco, Gilgamesh Luis-Raya, Filiberto Hueyotl-Zahuantitla, Jesús Martínez-Castro, H. A. Ayala Solares, Ruben Alfaro, C. D. Rho, R. Noriega-Papaqui, Dezhi Huang, Pedro Miranda-Romagnoli, J. T. Linnemann, William H. Lee, Daniel Rosa-Gonzalez, T. Capistrán, M. Fernández Alonso, R. Torres-Escobedo, A. J. Smith, R. W. Springer, L. Nellen, E. G. Pérez-Pérez, David Kieda, C. De León, F. Salesa Greus, Rhiannon Turner, Michael DuVernois, A. Carraminana, Joe Lundeen, and R. W. Ellsworth

Subjects
Physics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), High-energy astronomy, Molecular cloud, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Gamma ray, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Cosmic ray, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics
Abstract

The study of high-energy gamma rays from passive Giant Molecular Clouds (GMCs) in our Galaxy is an indirect way to characterize and probe the paradigm of the "sea" of cosmic rays in distant parts of the Galaxy. By using data from the High Altitude Water Cherenkov (HAWC) observatory, we measure the gamma-ray flux above 1 TeV of a set of these clouds to test the paradigm. We selected high-galactic latitude clouds that are in HAWC's field-of-view and which are within 1~kpc distance from the Sun. We find no significant excess emission in the cloud regions, nor when we perform a stacked log-likelihood analysis of GMCs. Using a Bayesian approach, we calculate 95\% credible intervals upper limits of the gamma-ray flux and estimate limits on the cosmic-ray energy density of these regions. These are the first limits to constrain gamma-ray emission in the multi-TeV energy range ($>$1 TeV) using passive high-galactic latitude GMCs. Assuming that the main gamma-ray production mechanism is due to proton-proton interaction, the upper limits are consistent with a cosmic-ray flux and energy density similar to that measured at Earth., 6 figures, 6 tables

Published
2021
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13. Evidence of 200 TeV photons from HAWC J1825-134

Author

R. Noriega-Papaqui, J. R. Angeles Camacho, Gerd J. Kunde, Luis Villaseñor, C. Brisbois, K. Tollefson, J. T. Linnemann, Catalina Espinoza, D. Garcia, F. Serna, Nicola Omodei, A. Iriarte, H. A. Ayala Solares, Lukas Nellen, I. Torres, E. Belmont-Moreno, Gwenael Giacinti, A. Sandoval, B. Hona, Segev BenZvi, J. C. Díaz-Vélez, Vincent Marandon, H. Fleischhack, Michael Schneider, J. Lundeen, Mehr Nisa, K. Engel, Vardan Baghmanyan, F. Salesa Greus, Nissim Fraija, K. P. Arunbabu, A. L. Longinotti, M. Mostafá, J. A. Goodman, M. Durocher, A. Jardin-Blicq, C. De León, Andrea Albert, M. Newbold, U. Cotti, Brenda Dingus, J. P. Harding, J. Martínez-Castro, Alejandro Lara, A. Peisker, E. Moreno, Amid Nayerhoda, Daniel Rosa-Gonzalez, Michael DuVernois, A. Carramiñana, Y. Pérez Araujo, H. León Vargas, R. Diaz Hernandez, E. Willox, P. Miranda-Romagnoli, John Matthews, A. Galván-Gámez, E. De la Fuente, D. Avila Rojas, Oscar Martinez, G. Luis-Raya, Sabrina Casanova, V. Joshi, J.C. Arteaga-Velázquez, P. Hüntemeyer, W. H. Lee, Ke Fang, R. Torres-Escobedo, T. Capistrán, J. Cotzomi, F. Ureña-Mena, F. Garfias, Maria Magdalena González, Hongyan Zhou, Filiberto Hueyotl-Zahuantitla, Ruben Alfaro, C. D. Rho, R. W. Springer, H. Salazar, C. Alvarez, D. Huang, K. Malone, E. G. Pérez-Pérez, and Jose Andres Garcia-Gonzalez

Subjects
Physics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Photon, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Proton, Molecular cloud, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Cosmic ray, Astrophysics, Radiation, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Galaxy, 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, Observatory, 0103 physical sciences, Physics::Accelerator Physics, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Cherenkov radiation, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract

The Earth is bombarded by ultra-relativistic particles, known as cosmic rays (CRs). CRs with energies up to a few PeV (=10$^{15}$ eV), the knee in the particle spectrum, are believed to have a Galactic origin. One or more factories of PeV CRs, or PeVatrons, must thus be active within our Galaxy. The direct detection of PeV protons from their sources is not possible since they are deflected in the Galactic magnetic fields. Hundred TeV $\gamma$-rays from decaying $\pi^0$, produced when PeV CRs collide with the ambient gas, can provide the decisive evidence of proton acceleration up to the knee. Here we report the discovery by the High Altitude Water Cherenkov (HAWC) observatory of the $\gamma$-ray source, HAWC~J1825-134, whose energy spectrum extends well beyond 200 TeV without a break or cutoff. The source is found to be coincident with a giant molecular cloud. The ambient gas density is as high as 700 protons/cm$^3$. While the nature of this extreme accelerator remains unclear, CRs accelerated to energies of several PeV colliding with the ambient gas likely produce the observed radiation., Comment: Accepted for publication in ApJL

Published
2020

14. A survey of active galaxies at TeV photon energies with the HAWC gamma-ray observatory

Author

Andrea Albert, Fernando Garfias, Kristi Engel, K. Tollefson, A. Zepeda, E. Ruiz-Velasco, H. León Vargas, Segev BenZvi, Binita Hona, H. Zhou, K. P. Arunbabu, J. A. Morales-Soto, C. Brisbois, Karen S. Caballero-Mora, Jose Andres Garcia-Gonzalez, Ernesto Belmont-Moreno, Pedro Miranda-Romagnoli, Catalina Espinoza, S. Coutiño de León, J. R. Angeles Camacho, Jesús Martínez-Castro, F. Salesa Greus, H. A. Ayala Solares, A. Carraminana, Luis Villaseñor, Daniel Rosa-Gonzalez, E. Moreno, Alejandro Lara, R. W. Springer, Joe Lundeen, C. De León, Alison Peisker, Kwok Lung Fan, E. G. Pérez-Pérez, O. Martinez, J. C. Arteaga-Velázquez, Elijah Willox, Gerd Joachim Kunde, Henrike Fleischhack, Fernando Ureña-Mena, John Matthews, Harm Schoorlemmer, Ibrahim Torres, R. Torres-Escobedo, Gilgamesh Luis-Raya, David Kieda, V. Baghmanyan, R. Noriega-Papaqui, William H. Lee, L. Olivera-Nieto, I. Martinez-Castellanos, C. D. Rho, Mora Durocher, Petra Hüntemeyer, A. Sandoval, A. J. Smith, M. U. Nisa, K. Malone, Michael Schneider, Jorge Cotzomi, S. Hernandez, J. A. Goodman, Michael DuVernois, A. Jardin-Blicq, Nissim Illich Fraija, Dezhi Huang, D. Garcia, J. P. Harding, T. Weisgarber, A. Nayerhoda, Arturo Iriarte, Michael Newbold, Juan Carlos Diaz-Velez, J. T. Linnemann, Tomás Capistrán, C. Alvarez, E. De la Fuente, D. Avila Rojas, A. Galván-Gámez, Brenda Dingus, Anna Lia Longinotti, Humberto Ibarguen Salazar, Umberto Cotti, Maria Magdalena González, Miguel Mostafa, Sabrina Casanova, M. Fernández Alonso, V. Joshi, Filiberto Hueyotl-Zahuantitla, and L. Nellen

Subjects
High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Physics, Active galactic nucleus, Radio galaxy, media_common.quotation_subject, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Gamma ray, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Extragalactic background light, Space and Planetary Science, Observatory, Sky, Blazar, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Cherenkov radiation, media_common
Abstract

The High Altitude Water Cherenkov Gamma-Ray Observatory (HAWC) continuously detects TeV photons and particles within its large field-of-view, accumulating every day a deeper exposure of two thirds of the sky. We analyzed 1523~days of HAWC live data acquired over four and a half years, in a follow-up analysis of {138} nearby ($z, Comment: The HAWC survey of Fermi 3FHL AGNs: 30 pages, 13 figures. Submitted to the Astrophysical Journal

Published
2020

15. 3HWC: The Third HAWC Catalog of Very-High-Energy Gamma-ray Sources

Author

Michael Newbold, O. Martinez, Segev BenZvi, F. Serna, Pooja Surajbali, Gus Sinnis, Fernando Garfias, S. Hernandez, A. Zepeda, Fernando Ureña-Mena, E. Ruiz-Velasco, H. Zhou, Y. Pérez Araujo, Nicola Omodei, Arturo Iriarte, A. Nayerhoda, L. Diaz-Cruz, K. P. Arunbabu, A. L. Longinotti, R. Diaz Hernandez, Mora Durocher, Petra Hüntemeyer, A. Sandoval, H. León Vargas, J. A. Morales-Soto, Michael Schneider, A. Jardin-Blicq, J. C. Arteaga-Velázquez, Harm Schoorlemmer, B. Hona, Gilgamesh Luis-Raya, K. Malone, T. N. Ukwatta, R. Noriega-Papaqui, Andrea Albert, Tomás Capistrán, Kwok Lung Fan, Humberto Ibarguen Salazar, William H. Lee, L. Olivera-Nieto, V. Baghmanyan, Alison Peisker, C. Brisbois, Henrike Fleischhack, A. Carraminana, Jose Andres Garcia-Gonzalez, C. Rivière, Mehr Nisa, Miguel Mostafa, D. Garcia, Joe Lundeen, Juan Carlos Diaz-Velez, John Matthews, R. López-Coto, J. P. Harding, R. W. Ellsworth, S. Coutiño de León, T. Weisgarber, V. Joshi, J. R. Angeles Camacho, Alejandro Lara, A. J. Smith, Ibrahim Torres, L. Nellen, J. D. Álvarez, Ke Fang, Ruben Alfaro, K. Tollefson, F. Salesa Greus, Daniel Rosa-Gonzalez, M. Fernández Alonso, C. Alvarez, Kristi Engel, Michael DuVernois, C. De León, E. De la Fuente, J. T. Linnemann, F. Werner, D. Avila Rojas, J. A. Goodman, Pedro Miranda-Romagnoli, Dezhi Huang, A. Galván-Gámez, Brenda Dingus, V. Marandon, Karen S. Caballero-Mora, Catalina Espinoza, Jesús Martínez-Castro, H. A. Ayala Solares, Gwenael Giacinti, I. Martinez-Castellanos, R. Torres-Escobedo, E. Moreno, R. W. Springer, E. G. Pérez-Pérez, David Kieda, Umberto Cotti, Sabrina Casanova, Ernesto Belmont-Moreno, Nissim Illich Fraija, Jim Hinton, Maria Magdalena González, Elijah Willox, Z. Ren, Filiberto Hueyotl-Zahuantitla, and C. D. Rho

Subjects
Physics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), High energy, High-energy astronomy, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Gamma ray, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics, Gamma-ray astronomy, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Pulsar, Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics
Abstract

We present a new catalog of TeV gamma-ray sources using 1523 days of data from the High Altitude Water Cherenkov (HAWC) observatory. The catalog represents the most sensitive survey of the Northern gamma-ray sky at energies above several TeV, with three times the exposure compared to the previous HAWC catalog, 2HWC. We report 65 sources detected at $\geq$ 5 sigma significance, along with the positions and spectral fits for each source. The catalog contains eight sources that have no counterpart in the 2HWC catalog, but are within $1^\circ$ of previously detected TeV emitters, and twenty sources that are more than $1^\circ$ away from any previously detected TeV source. Of these twenty new sources, fourteen have a potential counterpart in the fourth \textit{Fermi} Large Area Telescope catalog of gamma-ray sources. We also explore potential associations of 3HWC sources with pulsars in the ATNF pulsar catalog and supernova remnants in the Galactic supernova remnant catalog., 20 pages, 11 figures. Matches the version published in The Astrophysical Journal. See accompanying data release at https://data.hawc-observatory.org/datasets/3hwc-survey/index.php

Published
2020

16. HAWC J2227+610 and its association with G106.3+2.7, a new potential Galactic PeVatron

Author

E. Moreno, P. Hüntemeyer, R. Torres-Escobedo, Armelle Jardin-Blicq, R. Noriega-Papaqui, J. T. Linnemann, E. G. Pérez-Pérez, Karen S. Caballero-Mora, J. A. Goodman, J. R. Angeles Camacho, K. Tollefson, Catalina Espinoza, H. León Vargas, H. A. Ayala Solares, J. A. Morales-Soto, Segev BenZvi, A. Galván-Gámez, Luis Villaseñor, Sabrina Casanova, V. Joshi, K. Malone, K. P. Arunbabu, Kwok Lung Fan, D. Garcia, S. Hernandez, U. Cotti, Arnulfo Zepeda, E. De la Fuente, S. S. Marinelli, D. Avila Rojas, E. Belmont-Moreno, Mehr Nisa, Nicola Omodei, H. Schoorlemmer, Andrea Albert, J. P. Harding, F. Garfias, M. Newbold, A. Iriarte, J. D. Álvarez, E. Tabachnick, P. Surajbali, Meghan Tanner, A. J. Smith, B. Hona, C. De León, M. Fernández Alonso, T. Capistrán, P. Miranda-Romagnoli, A. Sandoval, G. Luis-Raya, R. W. Ellsworth, Michael Schneider, Jose Andres Garcia-Gonzalez, E. Ruiz-Velasco, S. Coutiño de León, C. Brisbois, M. Mostafá, Y. Pérez Araujo, J. C. Díaz-Vélez, R. W. Springer, Daniel Rosa-Gonzalez, Amid Nayerhoda, T. Weisgarber, Brenda Dingus, Maria Magdalena González, Nissim Fraija, G. Sinnis, Ke Fang, H. Salazar, Lukas Nellen, Hongyan Zhou, J.C. Arteaga-Velázquez, Michael DuVernois, A. Carramiñana, I. Torres, Gwenael Giacinti, F. Ureña-Mena, Filiberto Hueyotl-Zahuantitla, J. Serna Franco, I. Martinez-Castellanos, C. Alvarez, K. Engel, Ruben Alfaro, C. D. Rho, F. Salesa Greus, A. L. Longinotti, W. H. Lee, A. Peisker, L. Diaz-Cruz, D. Huang, J. Cotzomi, J. Martínez-Castro, O. Tibolla, Henrike Fleischhack, J. Hinton, J. Lundeen, Vardan Baghmanyan, John Matthews, Oscar Martinez, and HAWC Collaboration

Subjects
HAWC - Abteilung Hinton, Physics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Hydrogen compounds, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Lower limit, Galaxy, Space and Planetary Science, Observatory, 0103 physical sciences, Supernova remnant, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract

We present the detection of VHE gamma-ray emission above 100 TeV from HAWC J2227+610 with the HAWC observatory. Combining our observations with previously published results by VERITAS, we interpret the gamma-ray emission from HAWC J2227+610 as emission from protons with a lower limit in their cutoff energy of 800 TeV. The most likely source of the protons is the associated supernova remnant G106.3+2.7, making it a good candidate for a Galactic PeVatron. However, a purely leptonic origin of the observed emission cannot be excluded at this time., Accepted for publication by ApJL

Published
2020

17. HAWC and Fermi-LAT Detection of Extended Emission from the Unidentified Source 2HWC J2006+341

Author

E. Moreno, Nissim Illich Fraija, Nicola Omodei, Pedro Miranda-Romagnoli, Alison Peisker, Arturo Iriarte, L. Nellen, Henrike Fleischhack, Fernando Ureña-Mena, C. Alvarez, Andrea Albert, F. Salesa Greus, Mora Durocher, Petra Hüntemeyer, A. Zepeda, D. Garcia, R. W. Springer, Mehr Nisa, C. Brisbois, H. Zhou, Miguel Mostafa, E. G. Pérez-Pérez, E. De la Fuente, John Matthews, D. Avila Rojas, K. P. Arunbabu, Michael DuVernois, Ibrahim Torres, V. Joshi, A. Galván-Gámez, C. De León, Jose Andres Garcia-Gonzalez, R. Torres-Escobedo, R. Diaz Hernandez, K. Malone, Miguel Araya, A. Carraminana, V. Baghmanyan, Brenda Dingus, Karen S. Caballero-Mora, Catalina Espinoza, R. López-Coto, Anna Lia Longinotti, Jesús Martínez-Castro, Joe Lundeen, H. A. Ayala Solares, K. Tollefson, O. Martinez, A. Jardin-Blicq, Ruben Alfaro, Gilgamesh Luis-Raya, Juan Carlos Diaz-Velez, J. R. Angeles Camacho, Umberto Cotti, Daniel Rosa-Gonzalez, Sabrina Casanova, R. Noriega-Papaqui, J. T. Linnemann, Dezhi Huang, J. C. Arteaga-Velázquez, B. Hona, J. A. Goodman, Fernando Garfias, Maria Magdalena González, Ernesto Belmont-Moreno, Filiberto Hueyotl-Zahuantitla, H. León Vargas, A. Sandoval, Michael Schneider, Elijah Willox, J. P. Harding, C. D. Rho, T. Weisgarber, and Luis Villaseñor

Subjects
Physics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Gamma ray, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Interstellar medium, Space and Planetary Science, 0103 physical sciences, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope
Abstract

The discovery of the TeV point source 2HWC J2006+341 was reported in the second HAWC gamma-ray catalog. We present a follow-up study of this source here. The TeV emission is best described by an extended source with a soft spectrum. At GeV energies, an extended source is significantly detected in Fermi-LAT data. The matching locations, sizes and spectra suggest that both gamma-ray detections correspond to the same source. Different scenarios for the origin of the emission are considered and we rule out an association to the pulsar PSR J2004+3429 due to extreme energetics required, if located at a distance of 10.8 kpc., Comment: 12 pages, 2 figures. To appear in ApJL

Published
2020
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18. Constraining the local burst rate density of primordial black holes with HAWC

Author

E. G. Pérez-Pérez, U. Cotti, S. Hernandez, A. J. Smith, T. Capistrán, J.C. Arteaga-Velázquez, K. Malone, W. H. Lee, J. Cotzomi, E. Tabachnick, R. Noriega-Papaqui, E. Belmont-Moreno, A. Iriarte, Joe Lundeen, B. Hona, S. S. Marinelli, Lukas Nellen, Hao Zhou, Alejandro Lara, G. Sinnis, Michael DuVernois, F. Garfias, I. Torres, A. Carramiñana, K. Tollefson, J. Martínez-Castro, Mehr Nisa, C. D. Rho, J. C. Díaz-Vélez, Nissim Fraija, O. Tibolla, C. De León, I. Martinez-Castellanos, E. De la Fuente, Karen S. Caballero-Mora, G. Luis-Raya, R. W. Ellsworth, H. Fleischhack, R. López-Coto, K. Engel, F. Salesa Greus, C. Brisbois, Jose Andres Garcia-Gonzalez, R. W. Springer, A. Galván-Gámez, Sabrina Casanova, H. Martínez-Huerta, V. Joshi, Brenda Dingus, Catalina Espinoza, John N. Wood, H. Salazar, Segev BenZvi, C. Alvarez, Vardan Baghmanyan, A. L. Longinotti, Alison Peisker, John Matthews, K. P. Arunbabu, Oscar Martinez, D. Avila Rojas, H. A. Ayala Solares, Daniel Rosa-Gonzalez, Amid Nayerhoda, Andrea Albert, M. Newbold, M. J. F. Rosenberg, Meghan Tanner, P. Miranda-Romagnoli, P. Hüntemeyer, R. Torres-Escobedo, J. P. Harding, C. Rivière, J. T. Linnemann, Maria Magdalena González, A. Sandoval, J. A. Goodman, Michael Schneider, H. León Vargas, Dezhi Huang, J. A. Morales-Soto, M. Mostafá, Filiberto Hueyotl-Zahuantitla, T. Weisgarber, Arnulfo Zepeda, Ruben Alfaro, and E. Moreno

Subjects
High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Physics, Solar mass, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, media_common.quotation_subject, Gamma ray, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Primordial black hole, Astrophysics, Universe, High Energy Physics - Experiment, 85-05, Black hole, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), RAIOS GAMA, Observatory, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Cherenkov radiation, Hawking radiation, media_common
Abstract

Primordial Black Holes (PBHs) may have been created by density fluctuations in the early Universe and could be as massive as $> 10^9$ solar masses or as small as the Planck mass. It has been postulated that a black hole has a temperature inversely-proportional to its mass and will thermally emit all species of fundamental particles via Hawking Radiation. PBHs with initial masses of $\sim 5 \times 10^{14}$ g (approximately one gigaton) should be expiring today with bursts of high-energy gamma radiation in the GeV--TeV energy range. The High Altitude Water Cherenkov (HAWC) Observatory is sensitive to gamma rays with energies of $\sim$300 GeV to past 100 TeV, which corresponds to the high end of the PBH burst spectrum. With its large instantaneous field-of-view of $\sim 2$ sr and a duty cycle over 95%, the HAWC Observatory is well suited to perform an all-sky search for PBH bursts. We conducted a search using 959 days of HAWC data and exclude the local PBH burst rate density above $3400~\mathrm{pc^{-3}~yr^{-1}}$ at 99% confidence, the strongest limit on the local PBH burst rate density from any existing electromagnetic measurement., Corresponding authors: K.L. Engel & A. Peisker. 13 pages, 5 figures

Published
2020

19. Multiple Galactic Sources with Emission Above 56 TeV Detected by HAWC

Author

J. C. Arteaga-Velázquez, Karen S. Caballero-Mora, S. Hernandez, A. Carraminana, Maria Magdalena González, Z. Ren, Filiberto Hueyotl-Zahuantitla, Dezhi Huang, Catalina Espinoza, J. Pretz, Joe Lundeen, Miguel Mostafa, Gilgamesh Luis-Raya, John Matthews, Jesús Martínez-Castro, R. W. Ellsworth, H. A. Ayala Solares, J. A. Morales-Soto, Tomás Capistrán, S. S. Marinelli, C. Brisbois, Haocheng Zhang, V. Joshi, Luis Villaseñor, Ruben Alfaro, C. Rivière, R. W. Springer, Ibrahim Torres, Anushka Udara Abeysekara, Fernando Garfias, Michael Newbold, Daniel Rosa-Gonzalez, E. G. Pérez-Pérez, A. Nayerhoda, Thomas Weisgarber, A. Galván-Gámez, S. Coutiño de León, E. Ruiz-Velasco, S. Kaufmann, Hao Zhou, Segev BenZvi, J. A. Goodman, Alejandro Lara, Chang Dong Rho, Alison Peisker, Pedro Miranda-Romagnoli, H. León Vargas, E. Moreno, Kristi Engel, Umberto Cotti, Ernesto Belmont-Moreno, K. P. Arunbabu, David Kieda, Jim Hinton, J C Díaz-Vélez, Brenda Dingus, R. López-Coto, Andrea Albert, Henrike Fleischhack, Sabrina Casanova, A. Sandoval, Jorge Cotzomi, R. Torres-Escobedo, Arturo Iriarte, Anna Lia Longinotti, Kelly Malone, Meghan Tanner, Michael Schneider, Harm Schoorlemmer, E. Tabachnick, Nissim Illich Fraija, R. Noriega-Papaqui, M. U. Nisa, O. Tibolla, J. T. Linnemann, William H. Lee, D. Garcia, J. P. Harding, Binita Hona, O. Martinez, I. Martinez-Castellanos, K. Tollefson, Pooja Surajbali, Gus Sinnis, J. Wood, J. R. Angeles Camacho, T. Yapici, H. Martínez-Huerta, Jose Andres Garcia-Gonzalez, Petra Hüntemeyer, E. De la Fuente, D. Avila Rojas, A. J. Smith, L. Nellen, V. Baghmanyan, C. De León, Armelle Jardin-Blicq, Michael DuVernois, F. Salesa Greus, M. J. F. Rosenberg, Simone Dichiara, and HAWC Collaboration

Subjects
Physics, HAWC - Abteilung Hinton, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Gamma ray, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, General Physics and Astronomy, Flux, Astronomy, FOS: Physical sciences, ASTROFÍSICA, Effects of high altitude on humans, 01 natural sciences, Spectral line, Observatory, 0103 physical sciences, 010306 general physics, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Cherenkov radiation
Abstract

We present the first catalog of gamma-ray sources emitting above 56 and 100 TeV with data from the High Altitude Water Cherenkov (HAWC) Observatory, a wide field-of-view observatory capable of detecting gamma rays up to a few hundred TeV. Nine sources are observed above 56 TeV, all of which are likely Galactic in origin. Three sources continue emitting past 100 TeV, making this the highest-energy gamma-ray source catalog to date. We report the integral flux of each of these objects. We also report spectra for three highest-energy sources and discuss the possibility that they are PeVatrons., Accepted by Physical Review Letters

Published
2019

20. Constraints on Lorentz invariance violation from HAWC observations of gamma rays above 100 TeV

Author

Maria Magdalena González, Filiberto Hueyotl-Zahuantitla, J. A. Morales-Soto, Gilgamesh Luis-Raya, C. De León, O. Tibolla, G. B. Yodh, Chang Dong Rho, Michael Newbold, H. Martínez-Huerta, Alison Peisker, Pooja Surajbali, Anna Lia Longinotti, Gus Sinnis, V. Baghmanyan, Ibrahim Torres, A. Nayerhoda, A. Sandoval, K. Tollefson, J. R. Angeles Camacho, A. Zepeda, A. J. Smith, Hao Zhou, Henrike Fleischhack, F. Salesa Greus, E. Moreno, Ernesto Belmont-Moreno, A. Carraminana, M. J. F. Rosenberg, Michael Schneider, Joe Lundeen, L. Nellen, S. Hernandez, Humberto Ibarguen Salazar, K. P. Arunbabu, R. López-Coto, Petra Hüntemeyer, Binita Hona, Nicola Omodei, S. Coutiño de León, R. W. Ellsworth, Chad Brisbois, Michael DuVernois, Arturo Iriarte, D. Garcia, Kristi Engel, Alejandro Lara, Andrea Albert, C. Alvarez, K. Malone, R. Torres-Escobedo, M. U. Nisa, V. Joshi, Segev BenZvi, C. Rivière, Meghan Tanner, John Matthews, Harm Schoorlemmer, E. Tabachnick, Pedro Miranda-Romagnoli, R. Noriega-Papaqui, J. A. Goodman, E. De la Fuente, D. Avila Rojas, Jose Andres Garcia-Gonzalez, William H. Lee, Nissim Illich Fraija, Dezhi Huang, Karen S. Caballero-Mora, J. P. Harding, Catalina Espinoza, Ruben Alfaro, Tomás Capistrán, Jesús Martínez-Castro, H. A. Ayala Solares, Daniel Rosa-Gonzalez, S. S. Marinelli, R. W. Springer, Jorge Cotzomi, A. Galván-Gámez, E. G. Pérez-Pérez, Brenda Dingus, Juan Carlos Diaz-Velez, I. Martinez-Castellanos, Umberto Cotti, Sabrina Casanova, J. T. Linnemann, Fernando Garfias, Thomas Weisgarber, E. Ruiz-Velasco, H. León Vargas, and J. C. Arteaga-Velázquez

Subjects
High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Physics, Photon, Planck energy, Superluminal motion, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Gamma ray, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, FOS: Physical sciences, General Physics and Astronomy, ASTROFÍSICA, Astrophysics, Lorentz covariance, 01 natural sciences, symbols.namesake, Orders of magnitude (time), Observatory, 0103 physical sciences, symbols, 010306 general physics, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Cherenkov radiation
Abstract

Due to the high energies and long distances to the sources, astrophysical observations provide a unique opportunity to test possible signatures of Lorentz invariance violation (LIV). Superluminal LIV enables the decay of photons at high energy. The High Altitude Water Cherenkov (HAWC) Observatory is among the most sensitive gamma-ray instruments currently operating above 10 TeV. HAWC finds evidence of 100 TeV photon emission from at least four astrophysical sources. These observations exclude, for the strongest of the limits set, the LIV energy scale to $2.2\times10^{31}$ eV, over 1800 times the Planck energy and an improvement of 1 to 2 orders of magnitude over previous limits., Accepted for publication in Physical Review Letters

Published
2019

21. Measurement of the Crab Nebula Spectrum Past 100 TeV with HAWC

Author

Jorge Cotzomi, Fernando Garfias, Ernesto Belmont-Moreno, S. Kaufmann, Thomas Weisgarber, Jim Hinton, K. Tollefson, E. Ruiz-Velasco, J. A. Morales-Soto, T. Yapici, H. León Vargas, Arturo Iriarte, S. S. Marinelli, R. W. Springer, Simone Dichiara, Harm Schoorlemmer, Umberto Cotti, C. Rivière, Sabrina Casanova, V. Joshi, R. Noriega-Papaqui, E. G. Pérez-Pérez, William H. Lee, Maria Magdalena González, Jose Andres Garcia-Gonzalez, J. C. Arteaga-Velázquez, O. Martinez, S. Hernandez, Andrea Albert, A. Galván-Gámez, V. Baghmanyan, David Kieda, A. Carraminana, J. A. Goodman, M. J. F. Rosenberg, R. Arceo, Brenda Dingus, Joe Lundeen, S. Coutiño de León, Pooja Surajbali, C. Alvarez, C. M. Hui, O. Tibolla, Gus Sinnis, Chad Brisbois, Michael DuVernois, J. Wood, Meghan Tanner, Z. Ren, R. W. Ellsworth, Brian Fick, E. Moreno, Filiberto Hueyotl-Zahuantitla, Alejandro Lara, Hao Zhou, Petra Hüntemeyer, Binita Hona, Karen S. Caballero-Mora, J. D. Álvarez, Catalina Espinoza, J. T. Linnemann, C. De León, Jesús Martínez-Castro, H. A. Ayala Solares, J. Pretz, Nissim Illich Fraija, E. De la Fuente, I. Martinez-Castellanos, D. Avila Rojas, L. Nellen, Armelle Jardin-Blicq, Ruben Alfaro, Ibrahim Torres, Kelly Malone, M. Seglar Arroyo, Alison Peisker, A. Sandoval, A. Nayerhoda, Michael Schneider, J. R. Angeles Camacho, Henrike Fleischhack, F. Salesa Greus, Daniel Rosa-Gonzalez, Segev BenZvi, A. J. Smith, J. P. Harding, Kristi Engel, John Matthews, Juan Carlos Diaz-Velez, Chang Dong Rho, Tomás Capistrán, Humberto Ibarguen Salazar, Mehr Nisa, Michael Newbold, Miguel Mostafa, Anushka Udara Abeysekara, Gilgamesh Luis-Raya, E. Tabachnick, Anna Lia Longinotti, A. Zepeda, K. P. Arunbabu, S. Westerhoff, H. Martínez-Huerta, and Pedro Miranda-Romagnoli

Subjects
HAWC - Abteilung Hinton, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Astroparticle physics, Physics, ISM: individual objects (Crab Nebula), Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy, Astronomy and Astrophysics, gamma rays: general, acceleration of particles, astroparticle physics, Crab Nebula, Space and Planetary Science, ACELERAÇÃO DE PARTÍCULAS, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
Abstract

We present TeV gamma-ray observations of the Crab Nebula, the standard reference source in ground-based gamma-ray astronomy, using data from the High Altitude Water Cherenkov (HAWC) Gamma-Ray Observatory. In this analysis we use two independent energy-estimation methods that utilize extensive air shower variables such as the core position, shower angle, and shower lateral energy distribution. In contrast, the previously published HAWC energy spectrum roughly estimated the shower energy with only the number of photomultipliers triggered. This new methodology yields a much improved energy resolution over the previous analysis and extends HAWC's ability to accurately measure gamma-ray energies well beyond 100 TeV. The energy spectrum of the Crab Nebula is well fit to a log parabola shape $\left(\frac{dN}{dE} = \phi_0 \left(E/\textrm{7 TeV}\right)^{-\alpha-\beta\ln\left(E/\textrm{7 TeV}\right)}\right)$ with emission up to at least 100 TeV. For the first estimator, a ground parameter that utilizes fits to the lateral distribution function to measure the charge density 40 meters from the shower axis, the best-fit values are $\phi_o$=(2.35$\pm$0.04$^{+0.20}_{-0.21}$)$\times$10$^{-13}$ (TeV cm$^2$ s)$^{-1}$, $\alpha$=2.79$\pm$0.02$^{+0.01}_{-0.03}$, and $\beta$=0.10$\pm$0.01$^{+0.01}_{-0.03}$. For the second estimator, a neural network which uses the charge distribution in annuli around the core and other variables, these values are $\phi_o$=(2.31$\pm$0.02$^{+0.32}_{-0.17}$)$\times$10$^{-13}$ (TeV cm$^2$ s)$^{-1}$, $\alpha$=2.73$\pm$0.02$^{+0.03}_{-0.02}$, and $\beta$=0.06$\pm$0.01$\pm$0.02. The first set of uncertainties are statistical; the second set are systematic. Both methods yield compatible results. These measurements are the highest-energy observation of a gamma-ray source to date., Comment: published in ApJ

Published
2019

22. Search for Gamma-ray Spectral Lines from Dark Matter Annihilation in Dwarf Galaxies with the High-Altitude Water Cherenkov Observatory

Author

J. A. Morales-Soto, Hao Zhou, K. Malone, C. Alvarez, Ernesto Belmont-Moreno, E. Tabachnick, A. Galván-Gámez, E. De la Fuente, D. Avila Rojas, Tomás Capistrán, C. De León, J. P. Harding, Brenda Dingus, Arturo Iriarte, J. C. Arteaga-Velázquez, O. Martinez, P. Huentemeyer, Andrea Albert, James W. Wood, K. Tollefson, Binita Hona, Juan Carlos Diaz-Velez, Dezhi Huang, Alison Peisker, A. Sandoval, L. Nellen, Michael Schneider, Fernando Garfias, J. T. Linnemann, S. Hernandez, Ibrahim Torres, Nissim Illich Fraija, Thomas Weisgarber, A. Carraminana, Michael DuVernois, R. Noriega-Papaqui, Karen S. Caballero-Mora, Joe Lundeen, H. León Vargas, S. S. Marinelli, C. Brisbois, Catalina Espinoza, I. Martinez-Castellanos, R. W. Springer, Umberto Cotti, Anna Lia Longinotti, E. G. Pérez-Pérez, S. Coutiño de León, Jesús Martínez-Castro, Sabrina Casanova, Kristi Engel, H. A. Ayala Solares, Alejandro Lara, J. A. Goodman, Jose Andres Garcia-Gonzalez, Jorge Cotzomi, F. Salesa Greus, O. Tibolla, Ruben Alfaro, R. Torres-Escobedo, Simone Dichiara, Daniel Rosa-Gonzalez, Chang Dong Rho, John Matthews, Humberto Ibarguen Salazar, Michael Newbold, Miguel Mostafa, V. Joshi, Pedro Miranda-Romagnoli, M. J. F. Rosenberg, A. Zepeda, K. P. Arunbabu, Gilgamesh Luis-Raya, E. Moreno, Maria Magdalena González, Filiberto Hueyotl-Zahuantitla, Segev BenZvi, A. Nayerhoda, and M. U. Nisa

Subjects
Physics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Annihilation, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Dark matter, Gamma ray, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Effects of high altitude on humans, Spectral line, High Energy Physics - Experiment, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), Observatory, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Cherenkov radiation, Dwarf galaxy
Abstract

Local dwarf spheroidal galaxies (dSphs) are nearby dark-matter dominated systems, making them excellent targets for searching for gamma rays from particle dark matter interactions. If dark matter annihilates or decays directly into two gamma rays (or a gamma ray and a neutral particle), a monochromatic spectral line is created. At TeV energies, no other processes are expected to produce spectral lines, making this a very clean indirect dark matter search channel. With the development of event-by-event energy reconstruction, we can now search for spectral lines with the High Altitude Water Cherenkov (HAWC) Observatory. HAWC is a wide field of view survey instrument located in central Mexico that observes gamma rays from 100 TeV. In this work we present results from a recent search for spectral lines from local, dark matter dominated dwarf galaxies using 1038 days of HAWC data. We also present updated limits on several continuum channels that were reported in a previous publication. Our gamma-ray spectral line limits are the most constraining obtained so far from 20 TeV to 100 TeV., submitted to PRD

Published
2019
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23. First HAWC Observations of the Sun Constrain Steady TeV Gamma-Ray Emission

Author

E. Moreno, P. Surajbali, Hao Zhou, Annika H. G. Peter, J. Wood, J. P. Harding, O. Enríquez-Rivera, Fernando Garfias, Z. Ren, A. Iriarte, J. C. Arteaga-Velázquez, F. Salesa Greus, J. Martínez-Castro, E. De la Fuente, Joe Lundeen, D. Avila Rojas, Harm Schoorlemmer, A. Albert, S. Westerhoff, M. Seglar Arroyo, Z. Hampel-Arias, Jose Andres Garcia-Gonzalez, M. J. F. Rosenberg, T. Weisgarber, E. G. Pérez-Pérez, S. Dichiara, R. W. Springer, Edna Ruiz-Velasco, Rebecca K. Leane, I. Torres, Petra Hüntemeyer, R. López-Coto, O. Martinez, M. Mostafá, T. Yapici, H. Salazar, Juan Carlos Diaz-Velez, B. Hona, S. Kaufmann, L. Nellen, I. Martinez-Castellanos, Cristobal M. Espinoza, Kenny C. Y. Ng, C. D. Rho, N. Fraija, M. M. González, T. Capistrán, Filiberto Hueyotl-Zahuantitla, E. Belmont-Moreno, A. Nayerhoda, John F. Beacom, Brenda Dingus, Michael Schneider, I. G. Wisher, S. Coutiño de León, Henrike Fleischhack, C. Alvarez, Segev BenZvi, J. Cotzomi, A. Carramiñana, Sabrina Casanova, O. Tibolla, S. S. Marinelli, G. Sinnis, A. Sandoval, T. Linden, Chad Brisbois, Michael DuVernois, V. Joshi, R. Arceo, P. Miranda-Romagnoli, M. Newbold, Karen S. Caballero-Mora, H. A. Ayala Solares, A. Jardin-Blicq, Kristi Engel, M. Castillo, H. León Vargas, Mehr Nisa, I. Taboada, Bei Zhou, K. Tollefson, C. De León, Jdr Alvarez, C. Rivière, A. Zepeda, Jennifer Pretz, Daniel Rosa-Gonzalez, R. Alfaro, A. J. Smith, R. Noriega-Papaqui, G. Luis-Raya, S. Hernandez, L. Villaseñor, J. A. Goodman, K. Malone, and HAWC Collaboration

Subjects
Solar minimum, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Hadron, Flux, FOS: Physical sciences, Cosmic ray, Astrophysics, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Atmosphere, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph), Observatory, 0103 physical sciences, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Cherenkov radiation, Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR), Physics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), HAWC - Abteilung Hinton, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Gamma ray, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, 13. Climate action, Physics::Space Physics, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract

Steady gamma-ray emission up to at least 200 GeV has been detected from the solar disk in the Fermi-LAT data, with the brightest, hardest emission occurring during solar minimum. The likely cause is hadronic cosmic rays undergoing collisions in the Sun's atmosphere after being redirected from ingoing to outgoing in magnetic fields, though the exact mechanism is not understood. An important new test of the gamma-ray production mechanism will follow from observations at higher energies. Only the High Altitude Water Cherenkov (HAWC) Observatory has the required sensitivity to effectively probe the Sun in the TeV range. Using three years of HAWC data from November 2014 to December 2017, just prior to the solar minimum, we search for 1--100 TeV gamma rays from the solar disk. No evidence of a signal is observed, and we set strong upper limits on the flux at a few $10^{-12}$ TeV$^{-1}$ cm$^{-2}$ s$^{-1}$ at 1 TeV. Our limit, which is the most constraining result on TeV gamma rays from the Sun, is $\sim10\%$ of the theoretical maximum flux (based on a model where all incoming cosmic rays produce outgoing photons), which in turn is comparable to the Fermi-LAT data near 100 GeV. The prospects for a first TeV detection of the Sun by HAWC are especially high during solar minimum, which began in early 2018., Comment: 14 pages, 6 figures. See also companion paper 1808.05624. Accepted for publication in Physical Review D

Published
2018

24. Interplanetary Magnetic Flux Rope Observed at Ground Level by HAWC

Author

J. R. Angeles Camacho, A. Iriarte, Nissim Fraija, James Ryan, J. Martínez-Castro, Luis Villaseñor, J.C. Arteaga-Velázquez, D. Garcia, Tatiana Niembro, E. Moreno, F. Salesa Greus, John Matthews, Luis Preisser, Alejandro Lara, E. G. Pérez-Pérez, J. P. Harding, U. Cotti, K. Malone, T. Capistrán, G. Luis-Raya, A. Carramiñana, D. Avila Rojas, E. De la Fuente, M. Newbold, Amid Nayerhoda, Maria Magdalena González, Teresa Nieves-Chinchilla, B. Hona, Filiberto Hueyotl-Zahuantitla, A. Galván-Gámez, Sabrina Casanova, P. Miranda-Romagnoli, V. Joshi, K. P. Arunbabu, E. Belmont-Moreno, R. Noriega-Papaqui, Jose Andres Garcia-Gonzalez, Ruben Alfaro, I. Torres, Sachiko Akiyama, C. D. Rho, Gerd J. Kunde, D. Huang, J. Cotzomi, Karen S. Caballero-Mora, Catalina Espinoza, H. A. Ayala Solares, C. De León, F. Garfias, R. Diaz Hernandez, Arnulfo Zepeda, A. Sandoval, F. Ureña-Mena, H. León Vargas, Lukas Nellen, R. W. Springer, H. Salazar, C. Alvarez, David Kieda, P. Hüntemeyer, J. A. Goodman, and P. Colin-Farias

Subjects
High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Physics, Geomagnetic storm, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Turbulence, FOS: Physical sciences, Flux, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Magnetic flux, Physics::Geophysics, Magnetic field, Earth's magnetic field, Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Space and Planetary Science, Physics::Space Physics, 0103 physical sciences, Coronal mass ejection, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Interplanetary spaceflight, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR), 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract

We report the ground-level detection of a Galactic Cosmic-Ray (GCR) flux enhancement lasting $\sim$ 17 hr and associated with the passage of a magnetic flux rope (MFR) over the Earth. The MFR was associated with a slow Coronal Mass Ejection (CME) caused by the eruption of a filament on 2016 October 9. Due to the quiet conditions during the eruption and the lack of interactions during the interplanetary CME transport to the Earth, the associated MFR preserved its configuration and reached the Earth with a strong magnetic field, low density, and a very low turbulence level compared to the local background, thus generating the ideal conditions to redirect and guide GCRs (in the $\sim$ 8 to 60 GV rigidity range) along the magnetic field of the MFR. An important negative $B_Z$ component inside the MFR caused large disturbances in the geomagnetic field and a relatively strong geomagnetic storm. However, these disturbances are not the main factors behind the GCR enhancement. Instead, we found that the major factor was the alignment between the MFR axis and the asymptotic direction of the observer.

Published
2020

25. A Search for Dark Matter in the Galactic Halo with HAWC

Author

E. Moreno, D. W. Fiorino, Andrea Albert, J. Pretz, Benjamin R. Safdi, Dirk Lennarz, Luis Villaseñor, R. Arceo, Chad Brisbois, Michael DuVernois, R. Luna-Garcia, A. Carraminana, Giacomo Vianello, J. A. Goodman, A. Zepeda, J. P. Harding, J. T. Linnemann, Maria Magdalena González, R. J. Lauer, A. Becerril, Fernando Garfias, Thomas Weisgarber, Juan Carlos Diaz-Velez, Karen S. Caballero-Mora, Ruben Alfaro, E. Ruiz-Velasco, Jesús Martínez-Castro, A. Hernandez-Almada, Tomás Capistrán, Nicholas L. Rodd, H. A. Ayala Solares, O. Enríquez-Rivera, I. Martinez-Castellanos, Ernesto Belmont-Moreno, Daniel Rosa-Gonzalez, Z. Ren, Filiberto Hueyotl-Zahuantitla, Miguel Mostafa, Pedro Miranda-Romagnoli, F. Salesa Greus, H. León Vargas, John Matthews, Anushka Udara Abeysekara, Umberto Cotti, C. De León, I. Taboada, Sabrina Casanova, V. Joshi, Segev BenZvi, Michael Newbold, P. W. Younk, E. De la Fuente, D. Avila Rojas, Ibrahim Torres, Jorge Cotzomi, Abel Bernal, J. C. Arteaga-Velázquez, O. Tibolla, Henrike Fleischhack, G. B. Yodh, Kelly Malone, J. D. Álvarez, Kristi Engel, A. Sandoval, Armelle Jardin-Blicq, M. Castillo, R. Noriega-Papaqui, S. Hernandez, M. J. F. Rosenberg, Michael Schneider, I. G. Wisher, A. González Muñoz, William H. Lee, Brenda Dingus, Sarah Kaufmann, James W. Wood, Arturo Iriarte, Gilgamesh Luis-Raya, Kirsten Tollefson, T. Yapici, Rodrigo Pelayo, O. Martinez, S. Westerhoff, Hao Zhou, Petra Hüntemeyer, T. N. Ukwatta, Pooja Surajbali, Gus Sinnis, Jose Andres Garcia-Gonzalez, Nissim Illich Fraija, S. S. Marinelli, R. W. Springer, E. G. Pérez-Pérez, A. J. Smith, C. Alvarez, L. Nellen, Z. Hampel-Arias, R. Diaz Hernandez, Ruben Lopez-Coto, Anna Lia Longinotti, Humberto Ibarguen Salazar, Mehr Nisa, Chang Dong Rho, and HAWC Collaboartion

Subjects
Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Dark matter, Cosmic background radiation, FOS: Physical sciences, Cosmic ray, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Galactic halo, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph), Observatory, 0103 physical sciences, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Cherenkov radiation, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Physics, HAWC - Abteilung Hinton, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astronomy, Astronomy and Astrophysics, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, Navarro–Frenk–White profile, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

The High Altitude Water Cherenkov (HAWC) gamma-ray observatory is a wide field-of-view observatory sensitive to 500 GeV - 100 TeV gamma rays and cosmic rays. With its observations over 2/3 of the sky every day, the HAWC observatory is sensitive to a wide variety of astrophysical sources, including possible gamma rays from dark matter. Dark matter annihilation and decay in the Milky Way Galaxy should produce gamma-ray signals across many degrees on the sky. The HAWC instantaneous field-of-view of 2 sr enables observations of extended regions on the sky, such as those from dark matter in the Galactic halo. Here we show limits on the dark matter annihilation cross-section and decay lifetime from HAWC observations of the Galactic halo with 15 months of data. These are some of the most robust limits on TeV and PeV dark matter, largely insensitive to the dark matter morphology. These limits begin to constrain models in which PeV IceCube neutrinos are explained by dark matter which primarily decays into hadrons., 24 pages, 11 figures

Published
2017

26. Search for very-high-energy emission from Gamma-ray Bursts using the first 18 months of data from the HAWC Gamma-ray Observatory

Author

Ignacio Taboada, Daniel Rosa-Gonzalez, U. Cotti, I. Torres, Kristi Engel, C. De León, A. J. Smith, T. Capistrán, S. S. Marinelli, Michael DuVernois, G. Sinnis, Pooja Surajbali, Armelle Jardin-Blicq, K. Malone, Harm Schoorlemmer, C. Rivière, J. D. Álvarez, Edna Ruiz-Velasco, M. Castillo, A. Hernandez-Almada, Fernando Garfias, P. W. Younk, Thomas Weisgarber, A. Zepeda, S. Coutiño Deleón, D. W. Fiorino, Dirk Lennarz, R. Noriega-Papaqui, J. A. Goodman, J. P. Harding, Ernesto Belmont-Moreno, N. Bautista-Elivar, A. Carraminana, A. S. Barber, H. León Vargas, J. Martínez-Castro, F. Salesa Greus, James W. Wood, P. Hüntemeyer, A. Becerril, C. M. Hui, Z. Hampel-Arias, A. Sandoval, Lukas Nellen, T. N. Ukwatta, S. Hernandez, Hao Zhou, Rodrigo Pelayo, R. Arceo, S. Westerhoff, Binita Hona, A. González Muñoz, Chad Brisbois, N. Fraija, A. Iriarte, J. Pretz, Maria Magdalena González, Juan Carlos Diaz-Velez, R. J. Lauer, Abel Bernal, Jose Andres Garcia-Gonzalez, O. Martinez, R. W. Ellsworth, T. Yapici, Michael Schneider, Giacomo Vianello, M. J. F. Rosenberg, Sarah Kaufmann, M. Mostafá, Z. Ren, Tyce DeYoung, Humberto Ibarguen Salazar, G. Luis Raya, Brenda Dingus, Kirsten Tollefson, H. Martínez-Huerta, J. Braun, E. Moreno, R. Luna-Garcia, Karen S. Caballero-Mora, W. H. Lee, I. Martinez-Castellanos, H. A. Ayala Solares, O. Tibolla, J. Cotzomi, R. W. Springer, J.C. Arteaga-Velázquez, E. G. Pérez-Pérez, C. Alvarez, David Kieda, Pedro Miranda-Romagnoli, Chang Dong Rho, J. A. Matthews, M. Newbold, R. Diaz Hernandez, Segev BenZvi, R. Alfaro, Ruben Lopez-Coto, J. T. Linnemann, Anna Lia Longinotti, Sabrina Casanova, V. Joshi, E. De la Fuente, D. Avila Rojas, and M. Gerhardt

Subjects
HAWC - Abteilung Hinton, Physics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Attenuation, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Gamma ray, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Synchrotron, Redshift, law.invention, Space and Planetary Science, law, Observatory, 0103 physical sciences, Satellite, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Gamma-ray burst, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Cherenkov radiation
Abstract

The High Altitude Water Cherenkov (HAWC) Gamma-ray Observatory is an extensive air shower detector operating in central Mexico, which has recently completed its first two years of full operations. If for a burst like GRB 130427A at a redshift of 0.34 and a high-energy component following a power law with index -1.66, the high-energy component is extended to higher energies with no cut-off other than from extragalactic background light attenuation, HAWC would observe gamma rays with a peak energy of $\sim$300 GeV. This paper reports the results of HAWC observations of 64 gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) detected by $\mathit{Swift}$ and $\mathit{Fermi}$, including three GRBs that were also detected by the Large Area Telescope ($\mathit{Fermi}$-LAT). An ON/OFF analysis method is employed, searching on the time scale given by the observed light curve at keV-MeV energies and also on extended time scales. For all GRBs and time scales, no statistically significant excess of counts is found and upper limits on the number of gamma rays and the gamma-ray flux are calculated. GRB 170206A, the third brightest short GRB detected by the Gamma-ray Burst Monitor on board the $\mathit{Fermi}$ satellite ($\mathit{Fermi}$-GBM) and also detected by the LAT, occurred very close to zenith. The LAT measurements can neither exclude the presence of a synchrotron self-Compton (SSC) component nor constrain its spectrum. Instead, the HAWC upper limits constrain the expected cut-off in an additional high-energy component to be less than $100~\rm{GeV}$ for reasonable assumptions about the energetics and redshift of the burst., Comment: 19 pages, 6 figures, published in ApJ

Published
2017
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27. Dark Matter Limits From Dwarf Spheroidal Galaxies with The HAWC Gamma-Ray Observatory

Author

A. Albert, R. Alfaro, C. Alvarez, J. D. Álvarez, R. Arceo, J. C. Arteaga-Velázquez, D. Avila Rojas, H. A. Ayala Solares, N. Bautista-Elivar, A. Becerril, E. Belmont-Moreno, S. Y. BenZvi, A. Bernal, J. Braun, C. Brisbois, K. S. Caballero-Mora, T. Capistrán, A. Carramiñana, S. Casanova, M. Castillo, U. Cotti, J. Cotzomi, S. Coutiño de León, C. De León, E. De la Fuente, R. Diaz Hernandez, B. L. Dingus, M. A. DuVernois, J. C. Díaz-Vélez, R. W. Ellsworth, K. Engel, D. W. Fiorino, N. Fraija, J. A. García-González, F. Garfias, M. M. González, J. A. Goodman, Z. Hampel-Arias, J. P. Harding, S. Hernandez, A. Hernandez-Almada, B. Hona, P. Hüntemeyer, A. Iriarte, A. Jardin-Blicq, V. Joshi, S. Kaufmann, D. Kieda, R. J. Lauer, D. Lennarz, H. León Vargas, J. T. Linnemann, A. L. Longinotti, M. Longo Proper, G. Luis Raya, R. Luna-García, R. López-Coto, K. Malone, S. S. Marinelli, I. Martinez-Castellanos, J. Martínez-Castro, H. Martínez-Huerta, J. A. Matthews, P. Miranda-Romagnoli, E. Moreno, M. Mostafá, L. Nellen, M. Newbold, M. U. Nisa, R. Noriega-Papaqui, R. Pelayo, J. Pretz, E. G. Pérez-Pérez, Z. Ren, C. D. Rho, C. Rivière, D. Rosa-González, M. Rosenberg, E. Ruiz-Velasco, F. Salesa Greus, A. Sandoval, M. Schneider, H. Schoorlemmer, G. Sinnis, A. J. Smith, R. W. Springer, P. Surajbali, I. Taboada, O. Tibolla, K. Tollefson, I. Torres, G. Vianello, T. Weisgarber, S. Westerhoff, J. Wood, T. Yapici, P. W. Younk, and H. Zhou

Subjects
Physics, HAWC - Abteilung Hinton, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Annihilation, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Dark matter, Gamma ray, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Cosmic ray, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Wide field, Galaxy, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph), Space and Planetary Science, Observatory, 0103 physical sciences, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Cherenkov radiation
Abstract

The High Altitude Water Cherenkov (HAWC) gamma-ray observatory is a wide field of view observatory sensitive to 500 GeV - 100 TeV gamma rays and cosmic rays. It can also perform diverse indirect searches for dark matter (DM) annihilation and decay. Among the most promising targets for the indirect detection of dark matter are dwarf spheroidal galaxies. These objects are expected to have few astrophysical sources of gamma rays but high dark matter content, making them ideal candidates for an indirect dark matter detection with gamma rays. Here we present individual limits on the annihilation cross section and decay lifetime for 15 dwarf spheroidal galaxies within the HAWC field-of-view, as well as their combined limit. These are the first limits on the annihilation cross section and decay lifetime using data collected with HAWC., Comment: 18 pages, 6 figures, 2 tables

Published
2017
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28. Searching for dark matter sub-structure with HAWC

Author

E. Moreno, I. Torres, R. W. Springer, Segev BenZvi, H. León Vargas, Maria Magdalena González, H. Salazar, C. Alvarez, S. S. Marinelli, J. P. Harding, A. Iriarte, I. Martinez-Castellanos, John Matthews, S. Dichiara, Filiberto Hueyotl-Zahuantitla, Karen S. Caballero-Mora, H. Fleischhack, J. D. Álvarez, Oscar Martinez, Arnulfo Zepeda, Nissim Fraija, J. C. Díaz-Vélez, Marvin Oliver Schneider, Carmen Espinoza, Ruben Alfaro, H. A. Ayala Solares, R. Noriega-Papaqui, K. Malone, Daniel Rosa-Gonzalez, Giacomo Vianello, R. Arceo, E. G. Pérez-Pérez, Joe Lundeen, Andrea Albert, K. Tollefson, A. Sandoval, J. Martínez-Castro, G. Luis-Raya, M. Newbold, W. H. Lee, T. Weisgarber, Lukas Nellen, J. Cotzomi, Hao Zhou, Anushka Udara Abeysekara, B. Hona, P. Hüntemeyer, C. D. Rho, C. Brisbois, James W. Wood, A. J. Smith, A. L. Longinotti, P. Miranda-Romagnoli, M. J. F. Rosenberg, T. Yapici, M. Mostafá, Jose Andres Garcia-Gonzalez, S. Coutiño de León, Brenda Dingus, Z. Ren, K. Engel, F. Salesa Greus, Alejandro Lara, E. Belmont-Moreno, C. Rivière, Amid Nayerhoda, G. Sinnis, J. T. Linnemann, Michael DuVernois, A. Carramiñana, J. A. Goodman, D. Avila Rojas, A. Galván-Gámez, Sabrina Casanova, E. De la Fuente, J.C. Arteaga-Velázquez, C. De León, and M. U. Nisa

Subjects
High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Milky Way, media_common.quotation_subject, Dark matter, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Galaxy, Observatory, Sky, 0103 physical sciences, Halo, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Cherenkov radiation, Dwarf galaxy, media_common
Abstract

Simulations of dark matter show a discrepancy between the expected number of Galactic dark matter sub-halos and how many have been optically observed. Some of these unseen satellites may exist as dark dwarf galaxies: sub-halos like dwarf galaxies with no luminous counterpart. Assuming WIMP dark matter, it may be possible to detect these unseen sub-halos from gamma-ray signals originating from dark matter annihilation. The High Altitude Water Cherenkov Observatory (HAWC) is a very high energy (500 GeV to 100 TeV) gamma ray detector with a wide field-of-view and near continuous duty cycle, making HAWC ideal for unbiased sky surveys. We perform such a search for gamma ray signals from dark dwarfs in the Milky Way halo. We perform a targeted search of HAWC gamma-ray sources which have no known association with lower-energy counterparts, based on an unbiased search of the entire sky. With no sources found to strongly prefer dark matter models, we calculate the ability of HAWC to observe dark dwarfs. We also compute the HAWC sensitivity to potential future detections for a given model of dark matter substructure., Comment: 20 pages, 10 figures. submitted to JCAP

Published
2019

29. The HAWC Real-time Flare Monitor for Rapid Detection of Transient Events

Author

Humberto Ibarguen Salazar, O. Martinez, Karen S. Caballero-Mora, Mehr Nisa, J. Braun, S. Coutiño de León, H. A. Ayala Solares, Ignacio Taboada, J. P. Harding, M. Newbold, Daniel Rosa-Gonzalez, Brenda Dingus, J. Martínez-Castro, J. Pretz, E. Moreno, J.C. Arteaga-Velázquez, N. Fraija, R. Arceo, P. W. Younk, Abel Bernal, Chad Brisbois, D. W. Fiorino, M. J. F. Rosenberg, J. T. Linnemann, Dirk Lennarz, R. W. Springer, Chang Dong Rho, E. G. Pérez-Pérez, Giacomo Vianello, Michael DuVernois, S. Hernandez, U. Cotti, Michael Schneider, I. G. Wisher, R. Luna-Garcia, C. Alvarez, David Kieda, Fernando Garfias, A. Becerril, A. J. Smith, I. Torres, A. González Muñoz, Ruben Lopez-Coto, A. Iriarte, Thomas Weisgarber, Edna Ruiz-Velasco, I. Martinez-Castellanos, M. Mostafá, T. Capistrán, Anna Lia Longinotti, F. Salesa Greus, M. Castillo, Pooja Surajbali, C. De León, A. Sandoval, H. León Vargas, Kristi Engel, Maria Magdalena González, R. J. Lauer, Sarah Kaufmann, K. Malone, Juan Carlos Diaz-Velez, Kirsten Tollefson, H. Martínez-Huerta, Armelle Jardin-Blicq, Z. Ren, T. Yapici, Harm Schoorlemmer, G. Luis Raya, A. Zepeda, R. Noriega-Papaqui, Sabrina Casanova, C. Rivière, V. Joshi, E. De la Fuente, Z. Hampel-Arias, D. Avila Rojas, T. N. Ukwatta, S. S. Marinelli, M. Gerhardt, J. D. Álvarez, J. A. Goodman, Jose Andres Garcia-Gonzalez, Diego Lopez-Camara, J. Becerra González, Ernesto Belmont-Moreno, P. Hüntemeyer, W. H. Lee, J. Cotzomi, Rodrigo Pelayo, S. Westerhoff, Binita Hona, G. Sinnis, Joshua A. Wood, A. Hernandez-Almada, A. Carraminana, A. S. Barber, Anushka Udara Abeysekara, R. W. Ellsworth, O. Tibolla, N. Bautista-Elivar, Pedro Miranda-Romagnoli, C. M. Hui, Lukas Nellen, Segev BenZvi, Hao Zhou, R. Alfaro, and J. A. Matthews

Subjects
HAWC - Abteilung Hinton, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Astroparticle physics, Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy, Astronomy and Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Rapid detection, law.invention, Space and Planetary Science, law, 0103 physical sciences, Transient (oscillation), Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Flare
Abstract

We present the development of a real-time flare monitor for the High Altitude Water Cherenkov (HAWC) observatory. The flare monitor has been fully operational since 2017 January and is designed to detect very high energy (VHE; $E\gtrsim100$ GeV) transient events from blazars on time scales lasting from 2 minutes to 10 hours in order to facilitate multiwavelength and multimessenger studies. These flares provide information for investigations into the mechanisms that power the blazars' relativistic jets and accelerate particles within them, and they may also serve as probes of the populations of particles and fields in intergalactic space. To date, the detection of blazar flares in the VHE range has relied primarily on pointed observations by imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes. The recently completed HAWC observatory offers the opportunity to study VHE flares in survey mode, scanning 2/3 of the entire sky every day with a field of view of $\sim$1.8 steradians. In this work, we report on the sensitivity of the HAWC real-time flare monitor and demonstrate its capabilities via the detection of three high-confidence VHE events in the blazars Markarian 421 and Markarian 501., Comment: 19 pages, 14 figures, revised version submitted to The Astrophysical Journal on 1 June 2017

Published
2017

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