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This article examines the horror of forced disappearance as depicted in the novels La Sombra de Orión and Recuerdos del río volador. It analyzes how the horror is not limited to the violence inflicted on the bodies or the perceived inadequacy of language to communicate the experience but is also revealed in the suspended mourning of the victims’ relatives. Therefore, the importance of memory devices such as photography, art, and literature to capture historical events and periods is highlighted, but also to access a language that allows symbolic processes crucial for victim’s reparation. The contribution of these novels to the current narrative is significant for their historical and literary richness, and, at the same time, for the discussion they raise about memory in territories affected by the dynamics of violence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper proposes a model of performative analysis on the main episodes that have stimulated the presence in public opinion of the disappearance of the 43 students of Ayotzinapa in the state of Guerrero, Mexico. From the perspective of the civil sphere theory and cultural Pragmatics, we discuss the predominant analytical perspectives to interpret the symbolic construction of Ayotzinapa, while offering an analytical perspective that allows us to understand the way in which this event has been configured as a social trauma subject to deep normative disputes and as a moral performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article aims to conduct an exhaustive review of publications in important database repositories, including Scopus, Scielo and Redalyc, in order to analyse the production of documents related to the disappearance of people worldwide, with a particular focus on America and specifically on Colombia. Various combinations of keywords were used to identify approximately 346,858 documents, such as books, chapters, articles and other reports linked to the topic. Of these, 33,995 documents were identified for Latin America and 14,196 for Colombia. The research follows a qualitative paradigm and uses the Delphi methodology, with techniques such as the selection of documents by related categories and the extraction and interpretation of data. The eligibility criteria cover the broad spectrum of missing persons. Search strategies were applied with logical operators and keywords in English. The documentary review focused on Forced Disappearance and Enforced Disappearance in titles, summaries and keywords. The analysis focuses on trends and effects regarding the physical and mental health of the relatives of the missing, providing an overview of the phenomenon. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Austral de Ciencias Sociales is the property of Facultad de Filosofia y Humanidades, Intituto de Ciencias Sociales, Universidad Austral de Chile and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Dilemas Contemporáneos: Educación, Política y Valores is the property of Dilemas Contemporaneos: Educacion, Politica y Valores and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Universitas, Revista de Ciencias Sociales y Humanas is the property of Universidad Politecnica Salesiana and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In 2019, I directed the installation-performance Relatos Nebulosos (RN), featuring relatives of forcibly disappeared individuals in Colombia. In this article, I explore the artistic visibility of these victims, who demonstrate resilience and demand justice, while also contributing to the critical discourse surrounding their struggle. To do so, I establish three key aspects. Firstly, I provide contextualization by sharing the stories of the RN protagonists, offering insights into the regions they refer to and conveying the profound impact of disappearance on their families, who grapple with the uncertainty surrounding their loved ones' whereabouts. Secondly, I delve into the ethical dimension of the project, witnessing how the protagonists meticulously construct a documentary narrative that relies on their own bodies, simultaneously navigating a complex emotional relationship with the documents associated with this process--expressing affection towards photographs and disdain for bureaucratic paperwork. Lastly, I highlight the significance of art in granting a voice to the victims, outlining my endeavors to create new avenues of expression by reimagining the daily lives of the RN protagonists through a montage, while drawing metaphors between the tangible elements of the artwork and the elusive nature of forced disappearance. Ultimately, this article concludes that RN thrives on the improbable, enabling art to give form to the uncertainty experienced by these families and drive social strategies that facilitate the search for the missing, leading to a sense of inner peace for their loved ones. It also asserts that both academic and non-academic realms have the potential to contribute to a world where this heinous crime is combated. The article's uniqueness lies in revealing the behind-the-scenes of the creative process behind RN, analyzing the reconfiguration of the everyday experiences of the relatives into a performative installation and examining their interaction with bureaucratic formats related to disappearance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The national educational project seeks to establish a democratic, comprehensive and inclusive culture that addresses the structural problems the country suffers from, as stated and promoted by the New Mexican School (NEM). However, educational strategies reproduce hegemonic discourses, as well as normative frameworks of understanding and valuation that consolidate the structural violences that besiege bodies and territories. Based on the observant participation of schools in the national search brigades for missing persons in Mexico, we propose a critical analysis of formal education from a pedagogy in the face of disappearance, which opens possibilities for an education for the victims of serious human rights violations, such as the victims of enforced disappearance. This approach offers alternatives to the frameworks of normalization of violence, precarization and contempt for systematically violated sectors. From such coordinates, the text is positioned from the philosophy of intersectional education, in an anamnenic key, as a tool for the restoration of historical situations strained by violence and as a device that favors the construction of a culture of peace. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Revista del Museo de Antropología is the property of Museo de Antropologia - IDACOR and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Since the end of the twentieth century, the work of forensic professionals in contexts of war has become a topic of particular interest, among other reasons, because of its importance in the clarification of serious human rights violations. The purpose of this article is to characterize the experience of frustration and emotional management strategies used by forensic anthropologists working in the context of the Colombian armed conflict. Using semi-structured interviews with ten forensic anthropologists working in the search for victims of enforced disappearance in Colombia, along with autobiographical analysis, the authors identify the strategies through which forensic professionals manage frustration in a context of armed conflict and political violence. All interviews were held in Bogota in 2019. The forensic anthropologists interviewed were found to be confronted with potential sources of frustration such as complex political scenarios, difficulties of the geographical context to carry out the search processes, long-lasting situations of impunity, and high expectations of the victims' families to find their loved ones' remains. The article thus describes the ways in which forensic anthropologists emotionally manage these difficulties in order to maintain their motivation and efforts to continue their work. The authors employ a novel perspective to explore the emotional management of the impacts of work in contexts of political violence and war, revealing the importance of research that allows us to recognize the subject involved before the pain of others. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article analyzes the geopolitics of becoming a digital searcher using the transmissions produced by the Madres Buscadoras de Sonora collective from the crematoriums and clandestine graves identified between December 23, 2020 and July 9, 2021 in the valley of Guaymas in the south of the state of Sonora, Mexico. The study is intended to highlight that the Madres' search is immersed in a process of de-territorialized governmental necropolitical victimization, which drives them to go into the analyzed area. The work is based on the digital observation of the collective's social network transmissions and on an interview with the leader during the protest that took place outside the Attorney General's Office (FGR) on October 11, 2021, three months after the murder of Aranza Ramos Gurrola. The paper's contribution lies in reconstructing the geography of the transmissions broadcast at the indicated place and time. It is argued that such transmissions are a way of sustaining low-resolution digital searching. For the Madres, becoming searchers is a task that involves maintaining a mobile digital infrastructure to translate the barbarism they encounter into a citizen forensis. The article shows that the Madres Buscadoras de Sonora's pursuit of becoming digital searchers is immersed in a governmental necropolitics that does not produce citizens but victims. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Jurídicas CUC is the property of Corporacion Universidad de la Costa, CUC and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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Copyright of Revista Guillermo de Ockham is the property of Revista Cientifica Guillermo de Ockham, Universidad de San Buenaventura and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Latin American & Caribbean Anthropology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Forced Disappearance is a more frequent reality in our society: the figures indicate that in Mexico there are 91,500 missing persons as of September 2021. Considering the mechanisms that are necessary for the care of those family members who are looking for their loved one should be a priority for the disciplines of mental health, as they are affected physically and psychologically. The objective of the study was: to carry out an analysis of the psychosocial impact based on the emotions, thoughts, coping and social support in the mothers of the disappeared and their contribution in the search process. Ten mothers of the disappeared from Coahuila, Mexico participated. The methodology was qualitative, the data collection technique was a semi-structured interview, and the resulting data were subjected to a discourse analysis. Results: the emotions of the participants at the beginning of the search process are very specific, then they diversify and multiply, become more intense and directly affect said process. The thoughts are mainly focused on evasions and denial in the face of the disappearance events; coping directly affects your daily life, your habits and customs. Social support focuses on their families and associations that assist them to carry out the search. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Austral de Ciencias Sociales is the property of Facultad de Filosofia y Humanidades, Intituto de Ciencias Sociales, Universidad Austral de Chile and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This article analyzes community responses and social mobilization that occurred between 2014 and 2019 in response to the forced disappearance of forty-three student teachers from Ayotzinapa in Atoyac de Álvarez (Guerrero), a municipality deeply affected by forced disappearances in the 1970s and the birthplace of four of the forty-three students. The article dialogues with literature on community restructurings that result from extreme violence and with studies that analyze the psychosocial effects of forced disappearances on individuals. From this perspective, I use a microsociological and historical perspective to discuss the development of community solidarity around the families of the four students who disappeared in 2014. I argue that past disappearances have transgenerational effects on a community, such as kinship stigmatization, and configure criteria of familial relationships that affect the ability to mobilize in response to new disappearances. The study contributes new knowledge to this field of study in a country that now has around one hundred thousand people who have disappeared. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cemeteries are propitious settings in which to mourn the death of a loved one. Such expressions of grief have particular social logics associated with there being a corpse buried in the grave. But how is the relationship of the mourner transformed when there is no body as a result of a forced disappearance? Do the mourners’ interactions differ when there is an identified body as opposed to when there is not? Guided by these questions, Jardín Cementerio Universal de Medellín is presented as a space that unveils strategies used to deal with the complexity of mourning a loved one’s death. The purpose of this research is to demonstrate the manifestations of mourning present in graves with identified and unidentified bodies. To this end, an ethnographic exercise was conducted involving a qualitative analysis of funerary material culture and non-participant observation. The study documents the importance of having a physical space, the gravestone, where one can grieve the loss of a loved one. It is revealed that this space is especially relevant in the case of the indirect victims of forced disappearance, who go through complex mourning processes in the absence of a grave to hold their loved one’s body. In this case, the burial ground is a space that bears witness to the acts of violence that Colombia has suffered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Confluenze. Rivista di Studi Iberoamericani is the property of Universita di Bologna, Dipartimento di Lingue, Letterature e Culture Moderne and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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Copyright of Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Politicas y Sociales is the property of Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Politicas y Sociales and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Using a methodological framework based on cultural studies concerning transgenerational memory and trauma, on the one hand, and theoretical contributions on affection and emotions, on the other, this article analyzes and compares a series of novels and films written and made by Chilean and Argentine novelists and filmmakers in which they reflect on exile, forced disappearance and the violence perpetrated by the dictatorships of the Southern Cone. In particular, it investigates the way in which affection is encoded in the contemporary literary and audiovisual production of these sons and daughters of the disappeared and of former militants. For this purpose, the relationships of tension, resignification, dialogue and / or questioning about the role of fathers and mothers in the lives of these children and their configuration in some illustrative works are analyzed. We begin with a consideration of the compositional and formal resources of these stories in order to then, on an interpretive level, link these aesthetic decisions with different strategies that are used to deal with the complex situations experienced in childhood and with relationships with parents. Finally, the interpretation leads to identifying different aesthetic choices and possible resolutions related to the affective world that help to promote memory and build a present and an identity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article aims to determine the 10-year impact of the Colombian National Police's canine human remains detection teams since the dog-guide partnership protocol was initiated in 2007. Five partnerships that have carried out searches in various Colombian regions were used to establish the environmental factors, type of terrain, the possible criminal group involved, and geographic location, among many other variables involved in the searches, carried out in natural disasters, disappearances, and associated crimes. As a result of analyzing of these scenarios, a contribution is made to the strategy for addressing murders and disappearances and finding material evidence for justice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Other Modernities / Altre Modernita / Otras Modernidades / Autres Modernités is the property of Altre Modernita and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

El objetivo del estudio es comprender la pérdida ambigua de cinco madres de personas que sufrieron desaparición forzada en el estado de Tamaulipas, México. Se realizaron entrevistas en profundidad y se efectuó un análisis fenomenológico-interpretativo. Los resultados muestran que las madres experimentan sufrimiento social y ruptura de la vida cotidiana ante la ausencia física de su hijo y que desarrollan un mecanismo para facilitar su presencia psicológica, aunque siguen experimentando malestar. Entre los elementos del contexto que prolongan el sufrimiento, se encuentran la ineficiencia institucional y el aislamiento social. Una de las limitaciones del estudio es no haber incorporado las voces de otros miembros de la familia, de las madres que han sufrido desplazamiento forzado y de aquellas que no denuncian la desaparición por miedo. Se concluye que es necesario que el Estado reconozca su participación en el origen y en la continuidad del sufrimiento social y que sus intervenciones incorporen la dimensión psicosocial y comunitaria.

It is used to talk about migrants that cross the border, also for citizens that go missing, for those who were murdered during the Spanish civil war and the following dictatorship, it is also the name used to call those erased of the registers in Dominican Republic or Mexico, and sometimes it is how people refer to uncontacted tribes of the Amazonian... The name for those and many others is disappeared. None of those situations correspond, nevertheless, to what the law qualifies as "enforced disappearance". This Special Topic considers the uses of the category disappearance looking mostly into the social, rather than the savantes, uses. The five articles gathered in this Special Topic show how the category disappearance is exceeded and its potentiality as a tool to analyze subjects expelled, pariahs, the precarious, the vulnerable, abandoned lives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

More than solving a problem, in this text we propose to shape it by outlining some of its lines. We start from the category of enforced disappearance, analyze its origin and underline its success in terms of the notorious international expansion it has had. So much so that it has illuminated other situations in which individuals are removed from the protection of the law. We therefore say that the concept has exceeded its limits and we illustrate this situation with four cases that have the air of a family with forced disappearance: the uncontacted indigenous people in Brazil, the homes of migrants in Mexico, the erased citizens in the Dominican Republic, the unregistered subjects, also in Mexico. We present these four situations in dialogue between legal theory and ethnographic observation in order to present some ideas that allow us to think about the common background that makes disappearance: subjects that do not count. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Migrants, remains, UBC (Unidentified Border Crosser or Undocumented Border Crosser), bodies in the desert, unidentified and unknown, John/Jane Doe, disappeared migrants, death person, missing, etc. Those are the categories that governmental and non-governmental agents, as well as scholars, use in the city of Tucson, Arizona, to refer to migrants who cross the border and whose whereabouts are unknown. In this article, based on qualitative fieldwork (mainly in-depth interviews), we analyze the names that those agents use or create to talk about the situation. We show, at the same time, how the more consolidated categories -- specially forced disappearance--, are exceeded when dealing with complex phenomenon such as transnational migrations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Historia y Sociedad (01218417) is the property of Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Facultad de Ciencias Humanas y Economicas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Anuario Colombiano de Historia Social y de la Cultura is the property of Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Facultad de Ciencias Humanas, Departamento de Historia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Nomadas (01217550) is the property of Universidad Central and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The goal of this work is to analyze the attribution standards employed by the Inter-American Court of Human Rights (IACHR) in order to account for the State's responsibility in the forced disappearances perpetrated by non-state actors. This article initially focuses on the classification of perpetrators of disappearances. It then addresses the IACHR sentences about forced disappearances perpetrated by non-state actors who committed these acts with the support, authorization and acquiescence of the State. This article also analyzes the laws about disappearances perpetrated by non-state actors with no connections to the State. In this manner, this work identifies the stages of the law superseded by the IACHR and analyzes the content of the attribution standards employed. Therefore, besides presenting a description of the state in question, this research outlines critical contributions of the path the IACHR followed in order to guide the interpretation of the standards of similar cases and to hypothesize about the cases the IACHR did not address. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The disappearance of people in Peru generates a sense of rupture in the rural Andes. It is a product of recruitment and armed conflicts between guerrilla groups and law enforcement agencies and paramilitary groups during the decades of 1980 and1990. This sense of rupture is regained through the continual presence of the absent, expressed in a particular concept of posthumous life which extends beyond the death of the person who has disappeared. Through field work and in-depth interviews, this article recovers the stories of those who live in places where death was not peaceful or properly ritualized, meaning, where death was not domesticated. In order to understand the ontological ambivalence of the figure of the disappeared, who is neither dead or alive, and the consequences of its liminality, this article exposes the religious traditional representations created and the repertory of rites maintained in Peru. Tormented souls, known pathologically as a product of folklore, have not been considered interpretative categories for understanding the experience of violence. Therefore, this research addresses the social meanings of these accounts as a contribution for understanding the impact of forced disappearances and the approaches of searching for victims and relating to them. This task is undertaken in order to reconstruct a sense that may fill to some extent the emptiness left by the disappearance of a loved one, prolonging and reactivating their social existence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Estudios Politicos (01215167) is the property of Universidad de Antioquia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Sociology & Technoscience / Sociología y Tecnociencia is the property of Universidad de Valladolid, Escuela Universitaria de Educacion and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The aim of this article is to rethink some of the well-established notions regarding Argentinian clandestine detention centers, especially those with an almost exclusive focus on repression as destruction, at the expense of other aspects. This survey places emphasis on other complex forms of repression that, without questioning the role of victims and victimizers nor destruction as an aim, render necessary a more thorough analysis of the phenomenon of clandestine repression. To this purpose, this article takes the clandestine detention center located in ESMA (Navy Mechanics School) during the military dictatorship (1976-1983) as a case study. This center featured a number of specific operational dynamics that were further developed with a considerable degree of autonomy, but which were not exclusive, and so can be observed in other detention centers, though at a minor scale. These dynamics, which reflect more complex manifestations of the repressive apparatus and have so far been understudied, are here presented as follows: a) The particular experience of the "recovery" of prisoners; b) the relationships between practices and repressive crimes and their political extension at a national and international level; and c) financial crime in the context of political repression. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Cuadernos de Música, Artes Visuales y Artes Escénicas is the property of Pontificia Universidad Javeriana and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Nomadas (01217550) is the property of Universidad Central and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Estudos Ibero-Americanos is the property of EDIPUCRS - Editora Universitaria da PUCRS and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In analyzing the actions undertaken by victimized women forced disappearance in Granada, (Antioquia) and the incidents that these actions have on their senses of life, it is necessary to investigate the ways that victimized women have given a new meaning to the fact related to disappearance, due to the lack of significance between the state and the citizenry. In this sense, the research project becomes relevant in the phenomenological study as a way of analyzing each one of the phenomena represented in the forced disappearance, which allows to narrate and to describe each one of the affections, actions and incidents of each of the victimized women of the Association of Victims of Granada (Asovida). For this reason, the logotherapeutic approach is necessary as a methodological proposal for the resignification of the senses of life in order to channel each of the experiences as a guideline for the restoration of each one of their rights, in the construction of peace. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The experience of the Interdisciplinary Group of Independent Experts (GIEI) related to the forced disappearance of 43 Ayotzinapa Teachers College students in Iguala, Guerrero, set a precedent in the Inter-American System because it was an investigation taking place in real time and simultaneously with the one conducted by the authorities. Based on this novel international scrutiny mechanism, this essay offers a thorough analysis of the two GIEI reports, published in September 2015 and April 2016, whose conclusions run counter to the official record. I affirm that both fulfill two central functions: the discrediting of the government with a conclusive investigation of its responsibility in the crimes and the diagnosis of the psychosocial effects of forced disappearance. I argue that the main contribution of the GIEI, in spite of not clarifying the whereabouts of the students, is the reports themselves that serve as a guide to lay the foundations of how to conduct an independent investigation based on scientific evidence and on an ethics of accompanying the victims. The essay has four sections. First, I explain the crimes in the context of the war on drugs and of a political economy of security assistance. Then, I tackle the work of the GIEI and transnational human rights networks. Next, I analyze the contribution of the reports in disproving the "historical truth" of the government. Finally, I emphasize the value of the reports given the urgency of the psychosocial attention to the victims. I conclude that the reports provide a comprehensive view of the new scenarios of the forced disappearances and the human rights crisis in Mexico. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

On 26 September 2014, Mexican police forces in Iguala, Guerrero, attacked and abducted four dozen students known asnormalistas(student teachers); some were killed on the spot and the rest were never seen again. Within and beyond Mexico, rights activists immediately raised the alarm that thenormalistashad joined the country's growing population of “the disappeared,” now numbering more than 28,000 over the last decade. In this article, I draw from a growing scholarship within and beyond critical geography that explores forced disappearance as a set of governing practices that shed insight into contemporary democracies and into struggles for constructing more just worlds. Specifically, I explore how an activist representation of Mexico'snormalistasas “missing students” opens up new political possibilities and spatial strategies for fighting state terror and expanding the Mexican public within a repressive neoliberal and global order. I argue that this activism brings to life a counterpublic as protestors declare that if disappearance is &#x201c.compatible” with democracy, as it appears to be within Mexico, then disappeared subjects demand new spaces of political action. They demand a countertopography where the disappeared citizens of Mexico make their voices heard. Activists demonstrate such connections as they compose countertopographies for counterpublics across the Americas landscape of mass graves, prisons, and draconian political economies, mostly constructed in the name of democracy and on behalf of securing citizens. Understanding how Mexico's activists confront the intransigent problems of state terror, spanning from dictatorships to democracies, offers vital insights for struggles against policies for detaining and disappearing peoples there and elsewhere in these neoliberal times. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article analyzes the recollections of detained and disappeared relatives of 19 women from the Association for Relatives of the Detained-Disappeared. Testimony was collected using group reflective interviews, with an analysis of the verbal data. The main results indicate that the family memories transmitted trans-generationally are of high intensity and affectivity, constituting a post-memory (Hirsch, 1998). The recollections of the victim's relatives also work against negation and impunity of the disappearance of the detained relative. This study contributes to the development of policies for memory which permit the social recognition of the family history of the victims of State terrorism. Both the theoretical-methodological proposal and the results obtained in this study indicate pathways to new lines of research oriented to the understanding of inter-generational transmission of traumatic experiences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Divergencia is the property of Taller de Historia Politica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)