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Abstract: Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway controls differentiation of various cells by regulating the expression of target genes. β-Catenin plays a central role in Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. To investigate the molecular mechanisms of fate determination in adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AMSCs), we investigated effects of Wnt3a and β-catenin, two key members of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling, in adipogenic differentiation of porcine AMSCs. We demonstrated that Wnt3a protein can inhibit the adipogenic differentiation of porcine AMSCs in vitro culture. By stabilization of cytoplasmic β-catenin with continuous treatment by LiCl, the adipogenic differentiation of AMSCs was also suppressed and the osteogenesis was stimulated. In contrast, a loss of β-catenin in AMSCs enhanced the adipogenic differentiation and rescued LiCl-induced anti-adipogenesis. In addition, the mutual activation of CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein-α (C/EBPα) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPARγ) were repressed in the presence of Wnt3a or LiCl, but increased in the gene silencing of β-catenin. Taken together, our study indicated that Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway inhibited the adipogenic differentiation potential and alter the cell fate from adipocytes to osteoblasts. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

[Display omitted] • Porcine adipose progenitor cells (APCs) were identified by fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS). • RNA-seq demonstrated that ITGA5, CD44 and TNC may be possible marker genes of APC in pigs. • APC can be used as a candidate cell type for 3D bioprinting to prepare cultured fat. • The fatty acid composition of cultured fat had a certain similarity with porcine subcutaneous adipose tissue (pSAT). Cultured meat is an emerging technology that is friendly for the environment and animal welfare. As a novel food ingredient, cultured fat is essential for the flavor and nutrition of cultured meat. In this study, we purified adipose progenitor cell (APC) from freshly isolated porcine stromal vessel fraction (SVF) by fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) and identified the transcriptome characteristics of APC by RNA sequencing (RNA-seq). The results showed that APC had characteristics of high-efficiency proliferation and adipogenic differentiation and was distinct from SVF cell in transcriptome profiles. Subsequently, APC was used to prepare cultured fat by 3D bioprinting and to evaluate the differences in fatty acid composition between cultured fat and porcine subcutaneous adipose tissue (pSAT). The results indicated that the fatty acid composition and content of cultured fat had a certain similarity with pSAT; specifically, the content of key monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) that create pork flavor in cultured fat, such as C18:1(n-12), C18:1(n-9) and C19:1(n-9)T, were close to that of pSAT. Therefore, this research indicated that APC is a promising candidate cell type for the production of cultured fat. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]