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The need to study the concept of "politeness" from the point of view of its linguistic and cultural nature is caused by the desire to study the national identity of speech etiquette in different cultural spaces and conditions. The aim of the work was to form an idea about the specifics of the implementation and understanding of the concept of "politeness" in the Uzbek information field. In this study, the following methods were used: contextual, conceptual, communicative, linguocultural, analytical-synthetic, and comparative. This study is focused on the study of key lexical meanings (stylistically neutral and marked, basic and additional) that are within the functional-semantic field of the concept "politeness." With the help of contextual study of different variants of the use of the lexeme, the meanings were distributed in the conceptual structure (core, near and far periphery). Also, the key etiquette formulas representing the originality and national-specific features of the Uzbek linguocultural tradition were considered. The importance of politeness in the information space of Uzbekistan is assessed, including with the help of both positive and negative associations, that is, from an axiological point of view. Speech etiquette and linguistic formulas were considered from the point of view of the influence of social, cultural, and political values of the Uzbek people. In the process of analyzing the lexical layer, the boundaries of the functional-semantic field of the concept "politeness" were determined: from the principles of communication and a set of rules of etiquette to the strategy of obtaining benefits from communication and insincere attitude. In the future, this work can be used for comparative analysis of the conceptual structure of politeness with models presented in other close and distant languages, comparison of speech etiquette and linguistic formulas in different national cultures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Gdansk Journal of East Asian Studies / Gdanskie Studia Azji Wschodniej is the property of Jagiellonian University Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In the globalised world of the present, proficient communication skills are mandatory for technical students and professionals in order to succeed. As they grow from students into professionals, they soon realize that knowledge of a foreign language needs to be corroborated with increased accuracy and grasp of communicative conventions, organisational culture and business etiquette. The current paper seeks to investigate which aspects of business conventions might be useful for technical students to master so as to increase speaking power and improve communicative achievement in their future interaction with clients, peers and management structures as part of a technical organisation conducting business worldwide. Additionally, the paper will provide some practical techniques by means of which students can be helped to overcome their fear of speaking in public in English on a variety of technical topics pertaining to their job. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article proposes a critical dialogue between New Cultural History and the Glottopolitical perspective to examine the orthographic reforms of Sebastián Díaz (1741-1813), conceiving them as normative interventions. Through a language ideologies approach to the prologue of Díaz's encyclopedia, the analysis reveals that his orthographic reforms, which agree and conflict with the academic discourse of its time, are prescriptive practices that aimed to control the production and reception of conversation. This etiquette practice was an effect of encyclopedic instruction in early childhood, facilitated by a simplified orthography. We conclude that studying the encyclopedia was not just a means of Catholic and rational, but also linguistic disciplining. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Victorian era in Britain was characterized by an emphasis on "respectability" which formed a part of the domesticity ideology that treated the home as a place created for women. Proper, respectable behaviour was a function of belonging to the middle class. A significant number of savoir-vivre guides published contemporaneously informed the reader not only about receiving guests but also about courtship and marriage. The subject of the article is a close reading of these etiquette guides and the Englishwoman's Domestic Magazine letter section, which frequently addresses issues of courtship and marriage. The analysis of the texts using rigid gender roles as presented in the guides and the comparison of them with the letter section of the magazine shows that young readers expressed their independence and assertiveness in trying to contest these rules. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study aims to explain the proposals made by a group of people (the collective proposals) in the Prophetic Sunnah , in terms of definition, formulations, controls and etiquette of these proposals which are considered acceptable. The types of these proposals were then explained and how the Prophet (peace be upon him) In the last section, the benefits and impact of these proposals were explained, and the importance of these proposals was highlighted. In the conclusion, the main findings and recommendations of this research were listed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article deals with the problems of personality development in a transformational society; scientific approaches to the definition of the essence of the concept of « personality» and factors of its development are analyzed, the role of modern society in human life; the manifestations of etiquette formulas for establishing relations with modern society are described. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Every so often indistinctly designated as both ceremonial and etiquette, diplomatic protocol has come to encapsulate all the formal ingredients bearing on practices of diplomacy and which are not their substantive or factual constituents. Albeit rather decorative, pretentious and ostentatious, protocol in diplomacy has had the commanding role of facilitating diplomatic encounters, communications and negotiations. However, beyond its undeniable merit as the very environment of common sense pertaining to good manners, appropriate behavior and deferent courtesy, diplomatic protocol could be analytically comprehended distinguishing between the variety of nuances and connotations so frequently amalgamated within the conventional nomen of ʹprotocolʹ. The present study attempts at clarifying and discerning the plethora of its significances and appropriations. Accordingly, a cautious understanding of protocol references should carefully delineate between protocol and etiquette, protocol and ceremonial, and protocol as precedence, in addition to looking for the proper functions and applications of diplomatic protocol. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article deals with the importance of taking the 'ocak' (family) system into account on the studies about the tradition or the 'ocak's and groups that are called as Alevi. Today the tradition that is called as Alevi have a traditional structure which constitutes an 'ocak' system. As a matter of fact, the examples that are widespread in Anatolia such as; Ağuçan, Baba Mansur, Hacı Bektaş, Dede Garkın, Hasan Dede, Keçeci Baba, Hubyar, Şücaaddin Veli etc. make the matter clear. All the 'ocak's named Alevi have chains of authorities (silsilahs or shajaras) and they are also affiliated with various Sufi orders. These differences are the main reason for the emergence of some differences about main elements among the members of the Alevi tradition. Depending on these differences, different understandings and practices have emerged in the acceptance of "Haq, Muhammad, Ali", four doors and forty levels, manners and ceremonies/etiquettes, books about Alevi manners and ceremonies/etiquettes, 'cem's, 'semah's, mystical poems (deyiş) and musical ballads (nefes) recited during cems, social institutions such as 'musahiblik'. The fact of organization that emerged with urbanization was formed in a framework centered on Ocak system. For this reason, it is very important that all studies about Alevi traditions and their members to take the 'ocak' system into account for producing healthy results. This is actually a reality that is often expressed in tradition: "One path, a thousand-one practices". [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It is commonly said that some standards, such as morality, are 'normatively authoritative' in a way that other standards, such as etiquette, are not; standards like etiquette are said to be 'not really normative'. Skeptics deny the very possibility of normative authority, and take claims like 'etiquette is not really normative' to be either empty or confused. I offer a different route to defeat skeptics about authority: instead of focusing on what makes standards like morality special, we should focus on what makes standards like etiquette 'not really normative'. I defend a fictionalist theory on which etiquette is 'not really normative' in roughly the same way that Sherlock is 'not really a detective', and show that fictionalism about some normative standards helps us explain the possibility of normative authority. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

On the basis of the linguistic and extralinguistic data gathered from a variety of Old Russian (henceforth OR) and Middle Russian (henceforth MR) written sources (the Laurentian Codex of the Tale of Bygone Years, the corpus of birch bark letters, Daniel the Traveller's Pilgrimage, Afanasij Nikitin's The Journey Beyond Three Seas, testaments and treaties signed between princes, Avvakum's Life, and other texts retrieved from the OR and MR subcorpora of the Russian National Corpus), this paper explores the possible reasons for the absence of preverbed proto-perfective first person non-past forms of prositi 'to ask (for)' in directive speech acts up to the second half the 18th century. It is argued that this restriction can be primarily accounted for on the basis of morphosyntactic and sociolinguistic evidence, namely, on the one hand, the actional properties of verbs of communication and, on the other, the lack of a proper allocutionary pronoun (in the sense of a T-V distinction) consistent with the etiquette of hierarchically-oriented social relationships. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper focuses on the concepts of etiquette and politeness within a genre of Buddhist texts known as "vinaya", or monastic law. These texts were created for the purpose of regulating behavior within the monastic institution. While they are often described by the tradition as a set of ethical principles, the content of monastic law codes also includes many things that would be better categorized as examples of normative protocol, encompassing mundane, everyday social situations that promote harmony between the monastic institution and its economic patrons. I argue here that a distinct concept of politeness can be gleaned from the narratives in these texts, despite the lack of such a category in the tradition's own account of itself. To illustrate this point, I analyze several stories concerned with the proper deportment of monastics, demonstrating that the standards for monastic behavior were sometimes at odds with the expectations of the lay communities that supported them. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article deals with topical given the current situation ethical issues of business and management, including ethics, administrative ethics, relationships between business partners, preparation and conduct business meetings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the domestic and international business environment, globalization creates a social demand: the acquisition of knowledge in order to let the businessmen grow in a more competitive business world Recent studies in Japan show that business food meetings are, in most cases, the best opportunity to carry out businesses that are fundamental for the enterprise. That is why it is important to introduce the executive to etiquette topics so he knows how to behave properly. Therefore, it is a necessity for the contemporary managers to own the etiquette knowledge that will lead him to a confident development to achieve the main objective of the business agreement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Hileya: Scientific Bulletin / Gileya is the property of GILEYA Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)