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In this article, the environmental and economic goals set by Azerbaijan at the COP29 summit were extensively analyzed. Azerbaijan aims to ensure a balance between sustainable economic development and environmental protection by joining global efforts against climate change. By reducing carbon emissions, which is at the top of the environmental goals, Azerbaijan fulfills its obligations under the Paris Agreement to slow down global warming. To achieve this goal, it is planned to expand the use of clean energy sources such as solar, wind and hydropower. Concrete plans for the development of wind energy potential, especially in the Caspian Sea, show that Azerbaijan aims to meet a significant part of its energy needs with more environmentally friendly methods. It is emphasized that within the framework of COP29, Azerbaijan has taken important steps in the direction of regional and global cooperation. The implementation of joint projects with other states on the protection and restoration of the ecological condition of the Caspian Sea further strengthens Azerbaijan's obligations aimed at solving environmental problems in the region. In addition, the country increases its environmental responsibility at the international level by participating in global climate initiatives, and tries to minimize the impact of changes in global ecosystems on the natural environment within the country. As a result, the environmental and economic goals set by Azerbaijan at COP29 not only support domestic development, but also increase its active participation in global climate policy. This approach further strengthens the role of Azerbaijan as a global partner in the fight against climate change, serves to ensure a healthier and more sustainable environment for future generations in accordance with the principles of sustainable development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Technology Economics is the property of Chinese Society of Technology Economics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to identify and analyze the key determinants that influence the decisions of agile organizations to implement renewable energy sources. The study aims to understand which socio-economic and technological factors have the greatest impact on these decisions. Design/methodology/approach: The research was based on quantitative analysis conducted through a survey among representatives of agile organizations. The collected data was then subjected to statistical analysis, including the calculation of the Gini coefficient to assess the concentration of respondents' preferences. Findings: Research has shown that the development of new technologies and job creation are the most important determinants influencing decisions regarding the implementation of renewable energy sources. The results suggest that agile organizations give equal weight to different factors, which indicates a balanced approach to the energy transition. Research limitations/implications: The limitations of the research are the subjective nature of respondents' answers and the limited representativeness of the sample, which may affect the generalization of the results. In addition, dynamically changing technologies and regulations may affect the validity of the results in the future. Practical implications: The research results suggest that agile organizations should develop strategies that balance multiple determinants when implementing renewable energy sources. Investments in modern technologies and job creation can contribute to improved operational efficiency and market competitiveness. Social implications: The implementation of renewable energy sources supports sustainable development and contributes to environmental protection, which is gaining increasing public support. Organizations that engage in such activities can build a positive image as socially and ecologically responsible. Originality/value: The article adds value through a comprehensive analysis of the determinants influencing the use of renewable energy sources in agile organizations, emphasizing the importance of a sustainable approach. The study provides new conclusions that can support further development of energy strategies in a dynamically changing business environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Environmental & Social Management Journal / Revista de Gestão Social e Ambiental is the property of Environmental & Social Management Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Ecological accountability is an important means for the Chinese government to promote the development of green policies. In this study, a central environmental protection inspection was used as an exogenous shock event, China's A-sharelisted companies were selected as the research sample, and the impact of the central environmental protection inspection on the financialization behavior of heavily polluting enterprises was empirically tested. The research shows that the central environmental protection inspection significantly inhibited the financialization of heavily polluting enterprises. A mechanism analysis showed that the central environmental protection inspection mainly inhibited the financialization of enterprises by promoting green innovation, which shows that the implementation of a central environmental protection inspection can promote green innovation and transformation by forcing heavily polluting enterprises to return to their main business, produce a "crowding-out effect" on financial assets, and place a focus on sustainable and high-quality development. A heterogeneity test showed that the inhibitory effect of the central environmental protection inspection on enterprise financialization was more significant in the sample group of state-owned enterprises and areas with a higher level of development of green finance. This study provides a reference for evaluating the implementation effect and effectiveness of central environmental protection inspections and has significance for regulatory authorities in improving the revision of ecological accountability policies, promoting the green transformation of heavy pollution industries, and regulating the financial asset investment behavior of listed companies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The need to protect and sustain environmental resources for future generation remains sacrosanct in global sustainability agenda. This study was aimed at exploring the interplay between environmental conservation and spirituality from a multicultural perspective. While studies on "spirituality" have monumentally gained global attention, a growing number of evidence underscore the critical role of spiritual resources available for ensuring environmental stewardship. In this present study, attempt was made to respond to some critical questions: Is there any significant association between spirituality and environmental responsibility? What is the impact of spiritual leadership on environmental conservation? What key messages do spiritual leaders need to prioritize to encourage environmental conservation? And what are some of the spirituality-related predictors of willingness to engage in global environmental conservation efforts among the respondents? To determine this nexus between spirituality and environmentalism, a cross-sectional study design was adopted. Primary data were collected by means of a validated and adapted instrument from various literature searches. Data collected from a sample of 1,438 respondents were entered on Excel spreadsheet and eventually exported on SPSS version 21 for further analysis. Every segment of the instrument used yielded a Cronbach's alpha reliability test result of no less than 0.70. Descriptive statistics and ordinal logistics regression analysis were employed. The findings revealed that majority of respondents expressed a high level of spirituality (p value < 0.05). Majority (70%) of the respondents believe that everyone has a duty of care toward nature. More than two-third (> 60.0%) would be more inclined to observing environmental conservative measures if their spiritual leaders would continue to give exemplary teachings on environmental conservation. While a few indicators of spirituality yielded direct correlation with the willingness to engage in global environmental conservation efforts, most of the selected indicators reflect willingness. Some of these (predictors) include how often respondents pray, meditate, and fast; caring about people, animals, and the planet; being just happy to be alive; etc. In conclusion, this study reasoned that spirituality could indeed serve as a foundation for environmental conservation campaigns and could reinforce pro-environmental behaviors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Promoting the productivity and environmental sustainability of aquaculture is critical in ensuring its healthy development. This study assesses freshwater aquaculture's technical efficiency and ecological efficiency in China's 19 inland provinces from 2008 to 2019, aiming to reveal its productivity and environmental sustainability status. We employ the three‐stage Data Envelopment Analysis‐CCR (T‐DEA‐CCR) and three‐stage Slack‐Based Measure‐DEA (T‐SBM‐DEA) methods to explore the technical efficiency and the ecological efficiency while accounting for environmental conditions and random errors. The average technical efficiency and ecological efficiency during 2008–2019 are 0.857 and 0.702, respectively, indicating substantial scope for enhancing the productivity and environmental sustainability of China's inland aquaculture. We further investigate the regional development using the club convergence, finding that the provincial‐level technical efficiencies have already achieved population convergence while the ecological efficiencies diverge into two clubs, suggesting that Chinese freshwater aquaculture's productivity and environmental sustainability have different development pathways. Acknowledging the pivotal roles of environmental protection and growers' training in aquaculture's productivity and environmental sustainability, policymakers may institute funding and recognition to foster the adoption of innovative, environmentally responsible practices by operators. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The COVID-19 pandemic, environmental crisis and increasing growth in tourism prompted interest in more responsible tourism. So called responsible tourism (RT) entails diverse ingredients and an aim of this research is to understand if residents of community owned nature-rich land believe they have responsibility to share with visitors, or if their focus is shifting toward prioritising environmental conservation and or personal wellbeing. In this case study a unique perception of RT emerges in Knoydart Scotland, born from a pronounced awareness of biocultural heritage and a self-directed understanding of landscape as cultural. A distinctive feature in this case study is an expression of abundant generosity evolving from participants' embodied understanding of the integration of culture and nature. This commitment to a cultural landscape is particularly noteworthy since it is set within a location presented to tourists as 'wilderness'. Findings suggest that it is meaningful to explore historically evolved cultural understandings of 'islandness' and biocultural heritage, before promoting exogenous RT strategies. This research revitalizes frequently discredited notions about what responsible and sustainable tourism involve, as well as offering a rare example of the impacts of 'islandness' within a mainland setting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines landscape photography from the latter half of the 20th century to the first half of the 21st century, focusing on the emergence of the aestheticized landscape tradition prevalent in Lithuanian photographic art. It also questions whether landscape photography has the capacity to respond to the challenges posed by the Anthropocene and foster ecological awareness and activism. The analysis of the photographs' aesthetics is conducted within the framework of theories concerning the visualization of the Anthropocene, while the ideological discourse is contextualized within the development of environmental law and the ecological landscape. During the Soviet era, nature conservation efforts were primarily geared towards resource preservation and reproduction to meet consumer demands. Although Soviet ideologists advocated for addressing ecological issues at micro-level, through education and instilling a basic culture of environmental responsibility, the rapid development of industries, agriculture, and energy disregarded ecological sustainability principles. Photography, under strict control and censorship, was unable to openly address ecological crises. Furthermore, creators often lacked awareness and comprehension of the magnitude of the crisis. Following Lithuania's independence, the nation's environmental protection efforts integrated into international frameworks. However, agricultural renewal processes remain unaddressed, and preemptive measures to prevent environmental violations and tragedies have been lacking. Despite three decades of open discourse on ecological issues and widespread availability of information through various channels - including media and scientific research - society's perception of nature has undergone significant transformation. Nevertheless, artists upholding the traditions of Lithuanian humanistic photography have largely sidestepped global trends in ecological activism. Instead, their archives predominantly feature imagery characterized by romanticization, sacralization, mythologization, universalization, and aestheticization. The distinction between the artistic strategies of modernist and postmodernist photography becomes evident in how nature is represented or omitted, and in the construction and actualization of environmental issues. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Whether investment in environmental protection is conditioned by the solvency of agricultural companies, due to the growing importance of environmental sustainability, is the topic of this paper. The goal of the research is to determine, on a sample of 40 agricultural companies, whether investment in environmental protection is conditioned by solvency in a three-year period. Solvency, which is relatively good in the sampled companies, is not correlated with investment in the environment, in the analyzed time period, based on the quantification of descriptive data from the annual report. The level of disclosure of the environmental dimension of the sustainability of agricultural companies in Serbia is at a very poor level and the ESG reporting concept is necessary. The research indicates non-compliance with the legal obligation of non-financial reporting on environmental protection of agricultural companies, which indicates that educational, legal and regulatory measures must be urgently taken in order to make the reporting as representative as possible. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Heavy-polluting enterprises' investment in environmental protection will have a "crowding out effect" on their other inputs, affecting enterprise performance. However, if the environmental protection investment of enterprises improves their green technology innovation ability, resulting in the "innovation compensation effect," which can offset the "crowding out effect" of environmental protection inputs, it may have a positive impact on enterprise performance. This can offset the "crowding out effect" of environmental investment and may promote the performance of enterprises. At the same time, equity concentration plays the role of "tunneling effect" and "monitoring and incentive effect" in the process of environmental protection investment affecting the performance of heavy-polluting enterprises. The paper selects the data of A-share listed heavy-polluting enterprises in China from 2010 to 2019 and analyzes the impacts of environmental protection investment and green technology innovation on the performance of heavy-polluting enterprises by using a multidimensional panel fixed-effects model. The results show that environmental protection investment will improve the performance of heavy-polluting enterprises by improving their green technology innovation ability; green technology innovation plays a partly intermediary role in the process of environmental protection investment affecting the performance of enterprises, and the magnitude of this intermediary role is regulated by the concentration of corporate equity. Based on the results of the empirical study, it is recommended that heavy-polluting enterprises should accelerate the pace of green technology research and development and results transformation, optimize the proportion of equity allocation, and achieve the dual goals of fulfilling environmental responsibilities and enhancing corporate performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As an important principle of international environmental law, the principle of common but differentiated responsibilities (the CBDR principle) is being applied to various international environment protection regimes including environmental governance on the high seas as an important guiding principle in the law of the sea. This may be beneficial for engaging the international community to protect the high seas in solidarity. However, the application of the CBDR principle encounters difficulties, which include obstacles regarding cross-sector application, different understandings of the CBDR principle and difficulties in implementation of international instruments. This article argues that the differentiation should not depend exclusively on the traditional dichotomy of developing and developed countries but must be determined on a fluid and case-by-case basis. This suggests that the details of the differentiated responsibilities should also be context-specific rather than uniform for all States. Moreover, the implementation of the CBDR principle to address environmental problems on the high seas should be based on substantive fairness. Finally, this article makes several observations. First, the demands of developing countries in the field of maritime emission reduction should be considered. Second, obligation of capacity building and the transfer of marine technology prescribed in the BBNJ Agreement should be encouraged and implemented. Third, strengthening international cooperation in plastic pollution control on the high seas is expected. Fourth, the international community should provide developing countries with the financial support and technical assistance in persistent organic pollutants control. All of these may contribute to the protection of the high seas environment and the future realization of the sustainable development of the oceans. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the new era of seeking for cleaner production and comfortable life, it is important and necessary to improve environmental social responsibility, especially for the heavily polluting industries. Against this backdrop, the Chinese government put forward the new environmental protection law in 2015, while the effect of it on the environmental social responsibility still remains as a black box, which forms the initial motivation of this essay. Treating the implementation of the new environmental protection law (NEPL) as a quasi-natural experiment, this essay employed the difference-in-differences model to explore its impact on the environmental social responsibility (ESR) of highly polluting enterprises. The results support that implementing the NEPL can enhance the level of environmental social responsibility by strengthening the end-of-pipe governance and green office level of enterprises, in contrast, the affection on the front-end governance is not significant. The results remain unchanged after various robustness tests, such as changing the time point of the policy, placebo test, and elimination of sample selection bias. Further research finds that the scale of corporate financing and the efficiency of capital use have different moderating effects on the effectiveness of the implementation of the NEPL policy. Mechanism analysis shows that the NEPL policy affects the level of corporate environmental social responsibility through the technological innovation crowding-out effect. In addition, heterogeneity analysis reveals that environmental regulation intensity has an "inverted U-shaped" effect on the ESR of businesses. Furthermore, non-state-owned companies and companies with higher levels of executive education have higher levels of environmental social responsibility. Finally, policy implications are provided to shed light on this essay's theoretical and practical values. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Environmental protection, which is beneficial for the present and the future, has become a global consensus, and environmental information disclosure (EID) is an effective way to realize and fulfill enterprise environmental responsibility. Although some scholars have studied the impact of EID on firms, there is less empirical evidence on the impact of EID on investors. In this study, we examine the impact of EID on enterprise investment value based on signaling theory using a time-varying difference-in-differences model and extract two channels of this effect. The study shows that the implementation of EID helps to enhance the value of enterprise investment. This enhancement will vary according to the location, the industry pollution type, and the nature of the enterprise: EID has a remarkable enhancement effect on the investment value of the eastern region, heavily polluted enterprises, and non-state-owned enterprises. To investigate the channel of EID's effect on enterprise investment value, we use the moderating effect model to analyze and find that enterprises with low tax ratios and small financing constraints can significantly enhance the effect of EID on investment value. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Discussions about using metaphors in public spaces are always intriguing and have been widely explored, especially in advertising. However, few scholars have examined metaphors and their relevance to the environment, even though it is closely linked to culture and society. To bridge this gap, this study employed critical discourse analysis (CDA) to investigate how metaphorical slogans in cleanliness campaigns reflect the ideologies of their creators, that is the Berliner Stadtreinigung (BSR), particularly in the context of cleanliness campaigns. Combining the conceptual metaphor theory framework by Lakoff and CDA, the researcher conducted three phases, namely the Description Phase, Interpretation Phase, and Explanation Phase, to uncover the meanings of metaphors from 64 slogans displayed on trash bins located in various parts of the city of Berlin which represents Germany as a leader in environmental and sustainability issues. The research findings indicate that at least six ideologies are implied in the metaphorical expressions, including environmental conservation and sustainability, ecological awareness, community participation and ownership, quality of life, principles of diversity and Inclusiveness, and government and corporate responsibility. Future research could focus on the behavioral impact of cleanliness slogans, cross-cultural analyses, long-term effectiveness, and the roles of government and corporations in environmental protection campaigns. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Environmental protection is widely perceived as a state responsibility, but market-based solutions such as green investing have emerged in the financial sector. Little research has addressed whether green investing can affect corporate environmental performance and how the state would moderate such an impact. Using an institutional logics perspective, we extend the literature on institutional complexity by exploring the factors leading to compatibility of logics and practices. We theorize that the success of green investing as a novel hybrid practice combining financial means and environmental goals depends on the legitimacy it achieves as an appropriate solution to the stated goal, and this legitimacy can be boosted or dampened by other hybrid practices in the field. Analyzing a panel dataset of 3,706 firms from 20 countries between 2002 and 2013, we find a positive relationship between the relative size of green investment in the economy and firm-level environmental performance in that country. This relationship is moderated by state policies: a strong environmental protection policy weakens the positive relationship between green investing and corporate environmental performance, and a strong shareholder protection policy strengthens the relationship. We contribute to research on institutional complexity, logic compatibility, and public–private cooperation in pursuing the common good. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The central environmental protection inspection (CEPI) system in China is a significant institutional innovation in national environmental governance. The CEPI applies a joint supervision strategy to address salient environmental issues and strictly enforce the environmental responsibilities of local governments. This study collects and organizes CEPI inspection reports covering three stages that encompass the first round, the "look back", and the second round, applying text analysis to obtain sample data and conduct statistical quantification of word frequency in inspection reports and identify notable changes. The study explores the allocation of CEPI attention between policy objectives and the intensity of policy instruments. We determine that in conjunction with public opinion feedback, the CEPI conducts targeted inspections and focuses more on pollutant governance, which has high severity and can be addressed quickly. The CEPI fills the gap of normalized governance with a campaign-style governance approach. Regarding the intensity of policy measures, the CEPI primarily uses economic incentive policy instruments, supplemented by command-and-control and public guidance approaches, advancing the sustainability of regulatory effectiveness through economic, social, and political activities. This study extends knowledge in the field of CEPI policy priorities and implementation, expanding the literature related to outcomes of environmental policy in developing countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Basic oppositions between economic growth and environmental protection are well understood by sociologists, but the state's role in environmental protection and regulation is underspecified in sociological theory. We define the environmental state and theorize two structuring forces central to its provision of environmental welfare. First, culturally distinctive constructions of nature shape environmental politics and statecraft. State actions linked to charismatic "special" nature often win broad political support, whereas actions linked to less resonant "ordinary" nature do not. Second, historical legacies of developmentalism shape environmental coalitions. Arms of the environmental state that combine extractive pasts with newer regulatory responsibilities are better able to build broad support, whereas narrowly regulatory or developmental arms struggle to do so. We illustrate the relevance of each process for the politics of environmental regulation and of technoscientific expertise. Both processes help explain the varied efficacy of environmental states and set the stage for their comparative study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the rapid development of the economy and the introduction of environmental policies, increasingly serious environmental problems are getting more and more attention. Studying how to motivate enterprises to actively fulfil their environmental responsibilities and establish the concept of green development is the key to achieving sustainable development. This paper selects a sample of large steel enterprises of the China Iron and Steel Industry Association from 2008 to 2017, and explores the effect of environmental responsibility of industrial enterprises on corporate economic performance and the transmission mechanism based on the perspective of the mediating effect of green reputation. The results show that corporate environmental responsibility (CER) has a significant positive effect on corporate performance. Green reputation has a significant mediating effect in the impact of corporate environmental responsibility on economic performance. In addition, the differences in the mediating effects of green reputation between corporate environmental responsibility and economic performance are explored in depth from the perspectives of regional heterogeneity and ownership heterogeneity. Finally, based on the findings, the paper suggests that corporate policy makers should balance environmental and economic benefits in their management, and promote the establishment of management systems and production methods that use environmental protection as a value leader and growth driver. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In light of growing global concerns for sustainable development and environmental protection, green supply chain finance has emerged as a promising approach to promoting environmentally responsible business practices. This paper examines the structure of the green supply chain finance credit market under government regulation and constructs a tripartite evolutionary game model involving green small and medium enterprises (SMEs), core enterprises, and financial institutions. Through analysis of game equilibrium points and numerical simulation, this study investigates the impact of initial conditions on evolutionary trajectories. Results indicate that the initial proportion of positive strategies adopted by game participants affects the system‘s evolutionary trajectories. A higher initial proportion of positive strategies facilitates achieving credit business in green supply chain finance. Increasing government regulation punishment values can help achieve credit business and stabilize the credit market. Cost factors are negatively correlated with the game system‘s evolution direction. Reducing admission costs for SMEs, evaluation costs for core enterprises, and evaluation and supervision costs for financial institutions can effectively promote convergence to a Pareto optimal state. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper uses the sample of all A-share listed companies in China's securities market except insurance and financial enterprises from 2009 to 2021 to construct a long panel data, and explores whether the environmental investment of enterprises will promote their long-term sustainable development in China's unique and superior institutional and cultural environment from the perspective of Marxist ecological civilization. On the basis of controlling measurement errors, omitted variables, and endogenous problems of mutual causality to ensure the robustness of the research results, and further distinguishing the heterogeneous effects of environmental investment and sustainable development of enterprises in different degrees of market-oriented environment, the empirical study shows that (1) there is a significant positive relationship between environmental investment and sustainable development of enterprises. That is to say, environmental investment can help enterprises obtain social capital, alleviate resource constraints, enhance their market performance, and thus help their sustainable development in the future; (2) environmental protection investment has a significant positive impact on the sustainable development of enterprises in the mature market environment, while in the relatively backward market environment, environmental protection investment has no significant role in promoting the sustainable development of enterprises. This paper enriches the literature on corporate environmental investment, makes a preliminary test of the implementation effect of sustainable development in China, and provides more detailed empirical evidence for the government to further guide the implementation and implementation of corporate environmental responsibility. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Auditing the natural-resource asset accountability of local officials is an institutional innovation that China used to transform its mode of economic development from that of an 'industrial civilization' to an 'ecological civilization'. This study investigated the effect of changes in the assessment of local officials for promotion (i.e. including environmental protection in the assessment, along with economic performance) on the green response of enterprises. To this end, a nationwide pilot project (2015–2017) involving the auditing of natural-resource assets for local officials was used as a quasi-experiment. The results indicated that the green response level of the treatment (audit pilot) group was significantly higher than that of the control group. This indicated that the system for auditing the natural-resource assets for local officials had environmental governance effects. According to a mediation analysis, both governmental subsidies and bank credit mediated the effect of auditing on green response of enterprises. This indicates that during the pilot audits of natural-resource assets, high-polluting enterprises mainly met the requirements of the government and banks for a green response to obtain economic support. This study provides empirical evidence for evaluating policy effects and strengthening the audits of local officials' environmental accountability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Larq Journal for Philosophy, Linguistics & Social Sciences is the property of Republic of Iraq Ministry of Higher Education & Scientific Research (MOHESR) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Many industrial projects with detrimental effects on the environment and the climate require borrowed capital; which brings the financing banks into the spotlight of climate activism. This is not entirely new, and soft law instruments such as the Equator Principles and the UNEP FI Principles for Responsible Banking have long recognised the financial industry's responsibility for environmental protection and, more recently, climate protection. As activism is moving towards litigation, this article explores whether financing banks could be successfully sued to omit the financing of a detrimental project, or to pay for protection against climate risks where they have already done so. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The green and socially responsible business, in the context of environment and resource protection, improving the quality of life for workers and employees at the corporate level and of the society as a whole, and oriented towards sustainable economic development, finds expression in the full integration of economic, environmental and social commitments of companies in the course of their business activities, in their interactions with the environment, and in their relationships with personnel, contractors and society. The thesis defended is that environmental protection and the implementation of socially responsible practices by companies can be successfully achieved with an effective management system that is tailored to the specific nature of the business and the best practices in the field, and with the support of an environmentally and socially responsible leader. The results of the study find an expression in revealing the process of transformation: "traditional business model - green and socially responsible business", highlighting the importance of turning companies into green and socially significant organizations with a good reputation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Carbon emission trading is an important environmental policy tool to promote carbon emission reduction. With the panel data of carbon emissions trading (CET) pilots, this paper used the spatial difference-in-difference model (SDID) to test whether CET can affect the enterprise environmental responsibility and the spatial spillover effect of carbon emissions trading. The study found that CET can significantly improve the environmental responsibility level of enterprises in pilot areas. The environmental responsibility level of enterprises in surrounding areas are also improved driven by CET. In the time dimension, the role of CET in improving the enterprise environmental responsibility is gradually increasing. The impact of CET on enterprise environmental responsibility has significant heterogeneity in the dimension of ownership attributes and environmental regulation. Promoting corporate environmental protection investment is the main path for CET to improve the enterprise environmental responsibility. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Taking the advantage of the revise "Environmental Protection Law" implemented in China as an exogenous shock event, we evaluate the impact of environmental regulation on firms' ESG performance by the difference‐in‐difference approach. We find that this policy improves state‐owned firms' ESG performance. Additionally, our results demonstrate that better ESG performance encourages firms' stock liquidity, and the stock liquidity of state‐owned firms with high ESG performance is stronger than that of private firms after the policy. These findings highlight the importance of environmental regulation, which provide significant meanings for encouraging firms' social responsibility, formulating ESG related policies, and promoting sustainable development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose. To identify controversial and problematic provisions of the current legislation of Ukraine in the sphere of environmental protection which form the plane of legal responsibility for violations of environmental standards and norms. Methodology. The following research methods were used: the monographic method of scientific research, synthesis and analysis, the economic-statistical method, the method of detailing and concretizing the obtained results, the method of scientific-abstract systematization of results, and the graphic method of visualizing the results of scientific research. Findings. In Ukraine, a regulatory framework has been established that regulates the system of responsibility for environmental violations. Its main forms include disciplinary, administrative, civil, and criminal responsibility. It has been found that the modern environmental legislation is characterized by certain shortcomings in the identification and prosecution of persons guilty of violating the norms of existing laws. This is confirmed by the analysis of the amount of damage and losses caused to the environment, the dimensions of which are increasing annually in Ukraine. Simultaneously with the increase in the amount of damage caused, the degree of non-identification of persons who are responsible for causing damage to natural resources and the environment is increasing. The analysis of regional differences in environmental responsibility also demonstrates significant differences between the administrative regions of Ukraine in terms of the discipline of environmental responsibility. Originality. Based on the results of the conducted research, the main problematic aspects regarding legal responsibility for violations of environmental legislation in Ukraine were identified and analyzed. A need for a fundamental change in the concept of environmental responsibility for economic entities within the framework of sustainable development strategy has been identified. A gradual change in the basic principles and approaches to responsibility for violations of environmental legislation in the direction of predominance of preventive functions of environmental protection over punitive ones was proposed. Tools for possible improvement of environmental legislation were also proposed, in particular, fiscal preferences for environmentally tolerant industries, application of trade quotas for industrial enterprises that pollute the environment, harmonization of sanctions and environmental tax rates in accordance with the legislation of European countries. Practical value. The research results and proposed measures for improving the current procedures and mechanisms of legal liability for environmental offenses can be used by specialists of legal departments and services at the level of micro-management and macro-management to solve the tasks of further improvement of the current legal framework and increase the level of social responsibility of business and officials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The problem of environmental protection and responsibility for environmental legislation violations is extremely important under conditions of war in Ukraine and the increased risk of committing environmental crimes on its territory. The purpose was to clarify the main aspects of the legal regulation of environmental relations in Ukraine and in European countries. The main result was the identification of signs of responsibility of individuals and legal entities in the framework of environmental relations, the analysis of the main regulatory legal acts regulating these social relations, the clarification of the distinctive and similar features of responsibility for violations of environmental legislation in Ukraine and in European countries, in particular in France, Denmark and Germany. A number of environmental initiatives aimed at improving the environmental conditions and the regulatory provision within the limits of social relations, etc., have been distinguished. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As corporations' environmental impacts come under greater scrutiny from global financial, regulatory, and societal stakeholders, management scholars have increasingly focused on the role corporate governance plays in undertaking corporate environmental responsibility (CER). This paper combines managerial incentives and CER in a dynamic environment to formulate a differential game model of managerial incentive design in a duopolistic market, investigating whether companies with profit-maximizing interests are motivated to provide their professional managers with incentives related to CER and the impact of such incentives on corporate profitability, social welfare and emissions reduction. The results demonstrate the following: (1) Employing professional managers increases the emissions reduction efforts of firms and giving incentives to professional managers further increases the emissions reduction level of firms. (2) When a firm employs a professional manager and pays him or her a fixed salary, it generates slightly less income than it does when a manager is not employed; however, if the professional manager is given CER-related incentives, the firm's income is greatly increased. (3) As long as professional managers are employed, social welfare increases regardless of whether professional managers are given incentive pay. (4) The emissions reduction of a firm increases with an increase in the income distribution coefficient π1. This paper extends the existing CER decision-making model by considering different managerial incentive designs, providing new insights into CER and enterprise organizational strategy and offering useful policy recommendations and a scientific basis for environmental governance, which is expected to be useful for finding ways to balance economic development and environmental protection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As the leading financial institutions in China, it is crucial for commercial banks to pay attention to environmental protection (E), social responsibility (S), and corporate governance (G) in order to enhance operational efficiency and to advance the high-quality development of the country's social economy. This research explores the market share of banks as exogenous variables in the profit stage and the market and sustainability stage to investigate the efficiency of 20 listed banks in China over 2016–2020 and innovatively incorporates indicators such as green credit, social giving, executive compensation, and ESG score into the meta-dynamic two-stage SBM under the exogenous variable DEA model. The results demonstrate the following. (1) By integrating market share as an exogenous variable in the model, the efficiency estimate is more precise. (2) In overall, UCBs are the most efficient type of banks, JSCBs are the second, SOCBs are the least efficient. All three types of banks are more efficient in profit stage versus the market and sustainability stage, JSCBs perform best in the profit stage, where SOCBs perform best in the market and sustainability stage. The three different bank types' TGR performance is comparable to their efficiency value performance. (3) SOCBs lead in ESG investment and have the best ESG performance due to their distinct state-owned background. With their ongoing dedication to profit maximization and disregard for social responsibility and sustainable development, JSCBs have the worst ESG performance. (4) Policy recommendations are made based on the study's findings for commercial banks, stakeholders, and regulators to support ESG investment and to bring about long-term sustainable development. Finally, as ESG develops in China, future research can consider longer time scales and larger perspectives to investigate the sustainability efficiency of commercial banks themselves, as well as their role in the local economy and industrial transformation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

How to secure a sustainable future is currently one of the key challenges across society. Bandura's theory of human agency provides important insights into this question by recognising the role of individual, proxy and collective agency in initiating action and change. In this article, we conceptualise sustainability agency and discuss psychological features and competencies that are relevant for supporting agency in sustainability education. Agency may manifest in different forms and contexts: countless actions in individual lives, communities, and local, national and global scenes can contribute to sustainability. This range of opportunities to be engaged in sustainability transformations can be better acknowledged in sustainability education in formal, non-formal and informal learning settings by broadening and clarifying the targets and indicators of successful sustainability education. Consequently, sustainability education and related participation in advancing sustainability can become more inclusive and meaningful for actors with diverse backgrounds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Contemporary Islamic Studiens Magazine is the property of Republic of Iraq Ministry of Higher Education & Scientific Research (MOHESR) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

As global ecological degradation intensifies, a trade‐off has arisen between environmental protection and production efficiency to achieve sustainable development for the environment, society, and the company itself. However, the potential reverse causality relationship between environmental, social, and governance (ESG) and corporate efficiency may lead to confusion. This study estimates the eco‐efficiency of Apple Incorporated's value‐chain counterparts in the first stage and creates values and profitability in the second stage of efficiency evaluation. Results obtained from the (i) directional distance function in the two‐stage data envelopment analysis (DEA), (ii) additive efficiency decomposition two‐stage network DEA model, and (iii) network slacks‐based measure model are consistent. That is, Apple counterparts manage more efficient eco‐efficiency than profitability efficiency, implying that eco‐efficiency is their competitive advantage. We thus also run a regression analysis to examine how the ESG ratings of Apple counterparts explain their eco‐efficiency and profitability efficiency. Although the overall ESG rating positively explains the efficiencies, we found that the individual governance rating shows no statistically significant effect. The regression results provide insight for practitioners on the importance of investing in the three aspects of a firm's collective conscientiousness for societal and environmental governance. This paper integrates companies' eco‐efficiency and profitability efficiency to resolve the conflict between environmental issues and production efficiency. It also analyzes in depth the effects of ESG and its three individual factors on eco‐, profitability, and average efficiencies. The diversity of research methods also provides new ideas for future research related to firm efficiency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Direito da Cidade is the property of Editora da Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (EdUERJ) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This research paper explores the principles, methods, and responsibilities related to environmental purification, as elucidated in the Sirah (biography) of the Prophet Muhammad صلى الله عليه وسلم. Drawing upon historical accounts and primary sources, the study delves into the Prophet's exemplary practices and teachings concerning environmental conservation, sustainable living, and ecological responsibility. The research highlights key rules derived from the Sirah that emphasize the sanctity of nature, the preservation of biodiversity, and the promotion of sustainable resource management. It examines the Prophet's teachings on concepts such as moderation, stewardship, and accountability, which encourage believers to adopt a balanced and harmonious approach towards the environment. Additionally, the paper investigates the practical methods employed by the Prophet in maintaining cleanliness, managing waste, and utilizing resources responsibly, providing valuable insights for contemporary environmental practices. Furthermore, the research emphasizes the collective responsibility of individuals, communities, and societies in preserving and protecting the environment, as exemplified by the Prophet's efforts to instill environmental consciousness among his followers. By analyzing the environmental aspects of the Sirah, this research sheds light on the Islamic perspective on environmental purification, offering practical guidelines and lessons for addressing contemporary environmental challenges. Ultimately, the findings of this study contribute to the understanding of Islamic environmental ethics and inspire individuals and communities to adopt responsible practices that promote environmental sustainability and stewardship, aligning with the timeless teachings of the Prophet Muhammad. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The target responsibility system of environmental protection is one of the vital channels to achieve a win–win situation for both economic development and environmental protection. Comprehensively investigating how local environmental target constraints drive enterprises to improve their green innovation quality is of enormous theoretical and practical significance for optimizing the implementation effect of environmental target constraints policies and boosting enterprises' green and high-quality development. We empirically examine the mechanism of the impact of the intensity of different types of local environmental target constraints on the quality of corporate green innovation and the nonlinear relationship between them through innovatively constructing indicators of local environmental target constraint intensity and utilizing the knowledge width of green patents of listed companies as a proxy variable for enterprise green innovation quality. First, the strength of indirect environmental target constraints has a significant positive effect on the quality of green innovation, but further nonlinear characteristics reveal a significant inverse U-shaped relationship between them. Second, indirect environmental target constraint intensity has an inverted U-shaped trend in increasing the intensity of environmental regulation and influencing the digitalization of enterprises, which in turn forms an inverted U-shaped relationship with the quality of green innovation. Third, indirect environmental target constraint intensity works better in areas with policies prioritizing city over province, with mayors less than 57 years old, and for enterprises in technology-intensive industries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Environment-friendly behaviour is essential for a sustainable development. The study is an attempt to fill the research gap by analysing the mediating role of environmental sensitivity (ES) and environmental attitude (EA) on the relationship between environmental knowledge (EK) and environmental behavioural intention (EBI). It aims to investigate the direct as well as indirect relationship between EK, ES, EA and EBI. Design/methodology/approach: The data were collected from 466 university students representing northern region of India. The use of purposive sampling technique helped to reach the maximum number of respondents. The hypothesis was tested by applying partial least square structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM). Findings: It was found that the relationship between EK and EBI was sequentially mediated by ES and EA. The study provides a model which would be instrumental in protecting the environment. It describes how the behaviour intentions of youth come into existence from EK. Practical implications: The study is quite useful for making training schedules regarding environment protection specifically for the students. The study has various implications for the society as well. As the young students are a significant part of the society, the social communities can use this model to understand the various needs of the youth. It is likely to provide additional EK to the youth. The tested model explains how EK converts into EBI. The government and non-government agencies can use the model for chalking out environment protection strategy at the local as well as national level. Originality/value: It is believed that this is the first study of its kind which highlights the causal links between EK, ES, EA and EBI. No doubt, certain studies were conducted by ascertaining the relationship between two or three of these variables, but none provided an insight into the direct and indirect relationship between these variables. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article examines the implementation of environmental aspects of social responsibility by trade enterprises in Ukraine. An analysis of environmental aspects, financial and non-financial reporting, and websites of large trade enterprises was carried out in relation to the display and provision of openness and availability of information about environmental aspects and enterprise costs. The composition of costs and their influence on the financial and economic indicators of the enterprise were studied. The implementation of one's own environmental policy and environmental initiatives, the implementation of projects, technologies, programs, and management methods used by trade enterprises of Ukraine were considered. The socially responsible enterprises' compliance with the requirements of current legislation, national and international standards, requirements for environmental standards of product quality and safety, preservation and protection of the environment, and the use of correct approaches to ensure the positive impact of their business activities on the environment were analyzed. The introduction of environmentally safe, resource- and energy-saving technologies, ecological containers and packaging, development of renewable energy sources, reduction of own greenhouse gas emissions, modern methods of utilization and recycling of PET bottles, plastic, waste paper, and waste, holding eco-actions on greening territories and charitable actions, motivate suppliers and carry out other measures that reduce the negative impact on the environment, contribute to the preservation of people's health, restoration of the environment and take care of the future of the planet. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The literary criticism of Ray Bradbury's "A Sound of Thunder" delves into the pressing issue of ecological concerns and the urgent need for environmental preservation. It emphasizes the interconnection between literature and ecology, the importance of sustainability in preserving resources, and the concepts of the Butterfly Effect and Chaos Theory in relation to environmental changes.

The impact of environmental regulation on corporate environmental responsibility (CER) has been a concern among academicians and practitioners. However, the relationship between environmental regulation and corporate environmental irresponsibility (CEIR) has rarely been reported. Using the difference-in-differences (DID) method, this study empirically examines the effect of China's new Environmental Protection Law (NEPL) on CEIR. Empirical results indicate the following: (1) The NEPL has enhanced the intensity of environmental regulation and significantly inhibited the environmentally irresponsible behaviors of heavy-polluting enterprises. After several robustness tests and endogenous control, the aforementioned inhibitory effect is still present; (2) the inhibitory effect of the NEPL on CEIR is more apparent in state-owned enterprises, low-marketization areas, and industries with high pollution intensity; (3) the mechanism test shows that the NEPL restrains CEIR by encouraging heavy-polluting enterprises to increase their environmental investment. Providing unique evidence in the eastern cultural context, this study not only expands the research perspective of avoiding CEIR from the point of view of environmental regulation but also enriches the research literature on the emerging policy and business management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The cognitive purpose of the paper is a synthetic presentation of the achievements on the standards already operating in the sphere of environmental reporting and new solutions contained in the Corporate Sustainability Reporting Directive (CSRD). The utilitarian goal of the study is to present selected elements and conclusions of the environmental reporting conducted in 2021 by companies in Poland and around the world, in accordance with the TCFD standard (The Task Force on Climate-related Financial Disclosures). Design/methodology/approach: Research methods used in the paper include the review of Polish and foreign literature and the analysis of data from secondary sources. The desk research analysis is based on the numerical information contained in the Ernst & Young Reports: "Climate Risk Disclosure Barometer - Poland 2021" and "Global Climate Risk Disclosure Barometer". Findings: The result of the research is, firstly, the presentation of the requirements of the new ESG standard in the field of environmental protection (CSRD), and secondly - the analysis and evaluation of trends in the current environmental reporting in accordance with the TCFD standard by selected companies operating in Poland and on the world market. Research limitations/implications: The presented findings are an inspiration to perform further research and answer the question about the real motives for very limited environmental reporting by enterprises in Poland and on a global scale. Practical implications: The analysis and assessment of environmental reporting allows to determine for which categories of enterprises and for which sectors and economies, environmental protection issues are the priority in their activity. Social implications: The analysis and evaluation of environmental reporting according to the presented standards should contribute to expanding the information base for various groups of internal and external stakeholders about the impact of enterprises' activities on the natural environment. Originality/value: The paper synthetically presents the increasingly important and urgent need to consider various aspects of environmental protection in connection with the business activity of entities operating on the Polish and international arena. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The cultural industry of ethnic minorities carries the wisdom of many ancients. In today's modernization, ethnic minority cultural industry products can still impress people's hearts with exquisite handicrafts, natural materials, and strong culture. The rise in demand for ethnic cultural products will bring about an increase in the demand for raw materials for handmade products, which is bound to have an impact on the environment. This paper is aimed at modeling and analyzing the ecological level of minority cultural industries based on the background of the Internet of Things (IoT) and environmental responsibility. In the experiment, this paper analyzed the ecological level of the traditional fish skin industry by taking the Hezhe people in Heilongjiang as an example. Aiming at the cultural industry of the Hezhe people, this paper selected the fish skin industry as the object of empirical analysis from the fish culture it represents. According to the ecological level of the industry, this paper selected the three first-level indicators of production energy saving level, ecological environmental protection level, and production emission reduction level and its 12 subordinate second-level indicators to model and analyze the fish skin industry of the Hezhe people. The analysis results showed that the industrial ecological level of the Hezhe fish skin industry in the past 16 years reached the standard rate of more than 75%. However, the ecological level index for the three years of 2018, 2019, and 2020 was between 0.3 and 0.5, which indicated that the ecological level in these three years was very low. This was caused by the mechanization of the handicraft industry in recent years. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The raise of concern about the environment and human impacts has pressured the private sector and governments to adopt environmental protection measures. In this context, it is essential to analyze the historical evolution of human impact on the environment and which factors have gained attention, including the ones of international organizations' interest, to build a decisive action in all diverse professional fields. Therefore, the importance of the capitalist mode of production is highly relevant in the maintenance of specific impacts on the environment and the deceivability of the consequences of it. However, the impossibility of getting rid of it reinforces the importance of the new field in conciliating both interests in sustainable development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]