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A recent study from the Huntsman Cancer Institute in Salt Lake City, Utah, explores the use of 18F-labeled Fluoroestradiol PET/CT imaging for tissues expressing estrogen receptors, particularly in ER-positive breast cancer cases. The research discusses the current status, gaps in knowledge, and controversies surrounding the use of FES PET/CT, including its clinical applications, image interpretation, and potential future directions. The study highlights the need for further research on the use of FES PET/CT for non-breast malignancies expressing estrogen receptors, and emphasizes the importance of ongoing clinical trials to expand its clinical use. [Extracted from the article]

Aarhus Universitet has been granted a patent for compounds that regulate follicle maturation, particularly focusing on the transition from primordial to primary follicles. The patent aims to address infertility issues by treating primordial follicles with an NRF2 modulator and re-inserting them into the individual. This method may help women facing egg production challenges due to factors like age-related decline or pathologies such as Polycystic Ovary Syndrome. The patent highlights the importance of controlling early stages of egg development to address infertility concerns. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted at the First Affiliated Hospital in Shandong, China, explored the protective effects of NOX4 deficiency in ovarian granulosa cells treated with DHEA, a model for PCOS. The research found that NOX4 deficiency improved cell viability, inhibited apoptosis, and suppressed autophagy in DHEA-treated cells by repressing endoplasmic reticulum stress through inactivation of the PERK/ATF4 pathway. The study concluded that downregulation of NOX4 could protect against DHEA-induced PCOS by repressing endoplasmic reticulum stress. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by researchers at Lanzhou University in China focused on the downregulation of glucose-energy metabolism in granulosa cells of women with diminished ovarian reserve (DOR). The study, which included 72 DOR cases and 75 women with normal ovarian reserve as controls, identified key pathways and substances related to glucose-energy metabolism that were altered in DOR patients. The findings suggest that reduced glucose uptake and impaired mitochondrial function in DOR granulosa cells can impact follicle development and maturation, ultimately affecting female fertility. This research has been peer-reviewed and provides valuable insights into the connection between energy metabolism and ovarian health. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers at the New Jersey Institute of Technology conducted a study on the effects of phthalates, known endocrine disrupting chemicals, on ovarian granulosa cells. The study used single cell RNA sequencing to identify gene expression changes in granulosa cells exposed to phthalates. The findings suggest that phthalates impact cell cycle, mitosis, translation, and endoplasmic reticulum functions in granulosa cells, highlighting the complexity of phthalate toxicity. This research provides valuable insights into the specific cellular impacts of phthalates on the ovary. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by researchers at Shanghai Jiao Tong University found that elevated plasma molybdenum levels are associated with an increased risk of idiopathic premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) in women. The study, which included 30 women with POI and 31 controls, revealed that excessive molybdenum exposure can lead to vascular endothelial injury and inhibition of granulosa cell proliferation, ultimately contributing to ovarian dysfunction. The findings suggest a potential link between molybdenum levels and the development of POI, offering valuable insights into preventive measures for this condition. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers at Babcock University Teaching Hospital in Nigeria reported a case of pseudo-precocious puberty in a 30-month-old female toddler with a Juvenile Granulosa cell tumor. The toddler presented with abnormal vaginal bleeding, breast enlargement, and other symptoms associated with early puberty. After surgery to remove the tumor, the patient remained stable, emphasizing the importance of considering rare causes of early puberty in young girls. This study sheds light on the need for further investigation into such cases to provide appropriate treatment and care. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers from Chongqing Medical University conducted a study on the potential of low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) in protecting ovaries from injury induced by 4-vinylcyclohexene diepoxide (VCD) in rats. The research aimed to understand the long-term efficacy of LIPUS in treating ovarian injury and its regulatory mechanisms. Results showed that LIPUS effectively restored damaged ovaries by inhibiting apoptosis of ovarian granulosa cells, leading to improvements in sex hormone secretion, estrous cycle regulation, fertility, and menopausal symptoms. The study suggests that LIPUS may have beneficial effects in reducing VCD-induced ovarian damage with long-term effectiveness. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers at Jinling Institute of Technology in China conducted a study on granulosa cells from porcine ovarian follicles to understand the mechanisms of atresia, a degenerative process in follicular development. Through high-throughput RNA sequencing, they identified differentially expressed genes related to hormone metabolism, cell adhesion, and signaling pathways. The study provides insights into the initiation of atresia in granulosa cells. For more information, readers can access the full article in Animal Biotechnology. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers from Shandong Agricultural University in China have conducted a study on the regulatory role of CTNNB1 in steroid synthesis in laying hen ovarian granulosa cells. They found that CTNNB1 significantly influences the expression of key genes related to progesterone synthesis and the secretion of progesterone. The study concluded that there is a synergistic cooperation between CTNNB1 and SF1 in regulating progesterone synthesis in these cells. This research sheds light on the development of ovarian follicles in poultry and its impact on egg production. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers at the San Diego Zoo Wildlife Alliance have identified biomarkers in granulosa cells of southern white rhinoceroses that can predict oocyte in vitro maturation outcomes. By analyzing gene expression in these cells, they found that certain genes were differentially expressed in cells from oocytes that matured successfully versus those that did not. This study provides valuable information for improving assisted reproductive technologies in this species. For more details, refer to the journal article "Identification and Preliminary Analysis of Granulosa Cell Biomarkers To Predict Oocyte In Vitro Maturation Outcome In the Southern White Rhinoceros." [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted at Jiangxi University focused on the effects and mechanisms of action of the Zishen Qingre Lishi Huayu recipe (ZQLHR) in treating polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). The research aimed to provide a scientific basis for the clinical application of ZQLHR by analyzing the genes and pathways involved in its anti-PCOS effects. The study found that ZQLHR may impact pathways related to autophagy, steroidogenesis, oxidative stress, and inflammation in granulosa cells, potentially offering treatment for PCOS and its complications. The research was supported by various funding sources and has been peer-reviewed. [Extracted from the article]

The article discusses a clinical trial, NCT06724471, focusing on the preservation of women's fertility through ovarian tissue cryopreservation. The study aims to optimize freezing and thawing protocols for human ovarian tissue cryopreservation and evaluate the impact of different cryotube types on tissue quality. By analyzing follicle morphology, density, proliferation, apoptosis, and hormone secretion, the project seeks to enhance understanding and implementation of optimal preservation methods. The trial, led by University Hospital, Clermont-Ferrand, targets adult women undergoing benign ovarian cyst resection, emphasizing the importance of fertility preservation in cancer patients. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted at Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine focused on the Huyang Yangkun Formula (HYF) and its impact on ovarian granulosa cell apoptosis in rats with premature ovarian insufficiency (POI). The research found that HYF treatment led to the development of residual ovarian follicles and inhibited apoptosis in granulosa cells. The study highlighted the potential of HYF as a treatment for POI and provided insights into its mechanism of action, specifically through the regulation of the FTO/m6A-p53 pathway. The findings suggest that HYF may prevent the BCL-2 mitochondrial apoptosis pathway in ovarian granulosa cells by targeting P53. [Extracted from the article]

The University of Nevada conducted a study on granulosa cells, which are somatic cells within the ovarian follicle and play a crucial role in female fertility by producing estradiol. The research reviewed the function and regulation of granulosa cells, highlighting their importance in ovarian steroidogenesis and folliculogenesis. Understanding the complex regulatory network of granulosa cells is essential for developing innovative strategies to improve reproductive outcomes in various species. For more information, the full article can be accessed for free at https://doi.org/10.3390/endocrines5040040. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted at Tabriz University of Medical Sciences in Northwest Iran focused on the fertility, obstetrics prognosis, and survival factors of patients with ovarian granulosa cell tumors (GCT). The research, involving 65 patients, found that the presence of ovarian cysts increased the survival of GCT patients, while advanced tumor stage, fast tumor growth, and tumor relapse were correlated with higher mortality rates. The study concluded that adjuvant chemotherapy did not show increased survival benefits, emphasizing the importance of tumor staging as a prognostic factor. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers from the University of South China have found that Nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) can improve ovarian reserve in cases of Premature Ovarian Insufficiency (POI) by inhibiting NLRP3-mediated pyroptosis of ovarian granulosa cells. The study involved both in vivo and in vitro experiments on female rats and granulosa cells, showing promising results in hormone levels, follicle numbers, and ovarian function. This research suggests that NMN could be a potential therapeutic strategy for treating POI by targeting pyroptosis. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers from the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs in Beijing, China, conducted a study using single-nucleus RNA sequencing to analyze ovarian cells in adolescent common carp. The study identified distinct cell clusters, including germ cells and granulosa cells, and revealed dynamic gene expression related to oogenesis and granulosa cell differentiation. The findings aim to contribute to the development of all-female common carp populations. For more information, the full article can be accessed for free at the Animals journal website. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers at University Hospital in Plovdiv, Bulgaria, have published a case report on the synchronous occurrence of ovarian granulosa cell tumor and malignant endometrial polyp in a 67-year-old woman with postmenopausal bleeding. The study highlighted the expression of hormone receptors and biomarkers in the malignant endometrial polyp, including estrogen, progesterone receptors, and Ki-67. This research sheds light on the potential pathological signs and implications of simultaneous intrauterine and ovarian pathology in postmenopausal women, emphasizing the importance of diagnostic and screening measures in gynecology and women's health. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted at the Key Laboratory of Applied Technology on Green-Eco-Healthy Animal Husbandry of Zhejiang Province focused on the impact of trehalose on aging-related granulosa cell death in ovaries. The research found that trehalose administration reversed ovarian weight loss and reduced the number of granulosa cells affected by aging. The study suggests that trehalose may have potential as an anti-aging agent for ovarian health by activating mitophagy and reducing oxidative stress. For more information, the full article can be accessed at https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms252312643. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers from the University of Modena and Reggio Emilia conducted a study on the relationship between telomere length, telomerase activity, and euploid blastocyst rate in infertile women undergoing IVF/ICSI PGT-A cycles. The study found an inverse correlation between leukocyte telomere length (LTL) and patient age, as well as higher aneuploidy rates in patients with shorter LTL. However, telomere length in granulosa cells did not correlate with patient age or reproductive outcomes, indicating different telomere dynamics between leukocytes and granulosa cells. The research was published in Gynecological Endocrinology and can be accessed for free online. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted at Sichuan Agricultural University in Chengdu, China, explored the protective effects of selenium (Se) on cadmium (Cd)-induced follicular atresia in laying hens. The research found that Se supplementation reduced oxidative stress, increased laying production, and inhibited autophagy pathways, ultimately protecting against Cd-induced laying performance reduction and follicular atresia. This study sheds light on the molecular mechanisms involved in ovarian health and may have implications for women's health and gynecology. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center in New York City focused on evaluating the safety and efficacy of the oral progesterone antagonist onapristone extended release in patients with recurrent progesterone receptor-positive adult-type granulosa cell tumor, low-grade serous ovarian cancer, or endometrioid endometrial cancer. The study included patients who had received at least one prior line of chemotherapy, with primary endpoints being overall response rate and secondary endpoints including response duration, clinical benefit rate, and safety. The results showed no responses in patients with granulosa cell tumor, while patients with low-grade serous ovarian cancer had a median progression-free survival of 4.4 months and a clinical benefit rate of 50%. Patients with adult-type granulosa cell tumor had a median progression-free survival of 2.8 months and a clinical benefit rate of 35.7%. [Extracted from the article]

The University of Tours conducted research on the effects of adipokines, specifically chemerin, adiponectin, and visfatin, on hen granulosa cells and progesterone secretion. The study found that chemerin alone or in combination with other adipokines impaired progesterone secretion in cultured hen granulosa cells. The research concluded that chemerin inhibits progesterone secretion and this effect is enhanced when combined with other adipokines. The study provides insights into the impact of adipokines on reproductive functions in hens. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study from Nanjing Agricultural University explores the role of the lncRNA NORFA in promoting the synthesis of estradiol and inhibiting apoptosis in sow ovarian granulosa cells through the SF-1/CYP11A1 axis. The research suggests that NORFA plays a crucial role in maintaining ovary health and reproductive traits by inducing estradiol synthesis and preventing granulosa cell apoptosis. These findings offer valuable insights into potential targets for improving female fertility and inhibiting follicular atresia. For more information, the full article can be accessed at Biology Direct. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers at Zhejiang University School of Medicine conducted a study on the effects of perfluorodecanoic acid (PFDA) on ovarian development. The study found that exposure to PFDA induced cell apoptosis and necroptosis in ovarian granulosa cells, leading to impaired follicular development. This research sheds light on the potential health risks associated with PFDA exposure and emphasizes the need for further investigation into its broader implications. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers at the Genomics Research Center have identified dysregulation in the apelin/APJ signaling pathway in granulosa cells derived from individuals with Turner syndrome. Turner syndrome, which affects females with partial or complete loss of one X chromosome, leads to abnormalities in ovarian development and early oocyte loss. The study suggests that restoring apelin/APJ signaling may help in addressing cell cycle progression and gene expression issues in Turner syndrome patients. For more information, readers can access the full article in Cell Death Discovery. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers at the University of South China conducted a study on the effects of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (HUCMSCs) on premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) in mice. The study found that HUCMSCs improved ovarian function in POI mice by promoting sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) expression and reducing caspase-3 levels, ultimately decreasing ovarian granulosa-cell apoptosis. This research, which was funded by various organizations in Hunan, China, has been peer-reviewed and published in ScienceAsia. [Extracted from the article]

A research study from the University of Tours explores the impact of chronic exposure to Bisphenol S (BPS) on the proteome of ewe granulosa cells, focusing on the interaction between metabolic status and reproductive function. The study found that BPS exposure affected the proteome differently based on the ewe's metabolic status, with specific proteins involved in carbohydrate and lipid pathways showing differential abundance. The upregulation of b-glucuronidase (GUSB) in response to BPS exposure could potentially prolong the oestrogenic effects of BPS, particularly in individuals with obesity. This research sheds light on the deleterious effects of BPS and its interaction with metabolic status. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted at Chungbuk National University in Cheongju, South Korea, explored the feasibility of using F-2-deoxy-2-fluoro-D-glucose (F-FDG) positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) to assess canine granulosa cell tumors in two dogs. The research found that F-FDG PET revealed mildly increased glucose uptake in the tumors without invasion to adjacent tissues or lymph nodes. This study is the first to demonstrate the potential of F-FDG PET/CT in detecting canine granulosa cell tumors and identifying metastasis in regional lymph nodes or visceral organs. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted at China Agricultural University explored the role of programmed cell death, including apoptosis, pyroptosis, and necroptosis, in granulosa cells during follicular atresia. The researchers identified the formation of a PANoptosome complex in porcine granulosa cells, composed of ZBP1, RIPK3, and RIPK1, which promotes programmed cell death. The study suggests that heat stress may exacerbate the activation of the PANoptosome, leading to cell death in granulosa cells. This research provides new insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying follicular atresia and female fertility. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted at Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital explored the potential benefits of melatonin supplementation in improving in vitro fertilization (IVF) outcomes for women of advanced maternal age. The research involved 161 women aged 35-45 undergoing IVF-frozen embryo transfer cycles, with results showing that melatonin supplementation significantly increased clinical pregnancy rates, ongoing pregnancy rates, and live birth rates in women aged 38 years. The study suggests that melatonin may enhance cellular resilience against oxidative stress and metal-induced toxicity in the ovarian microenvironment, potentially explaining the observed improvements in IVF outcomes for older women. This research provides valuable insights into the protective effects of melatonin on ovarian cells and its potential as an adjuvant therapy for improving IVF success rates in older women. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers at Yale University School of Medicine have identified a novel FOXL2 mutation in an ovarian adult granulosa cell tumor, deviating from the typical mutation found in such cases. The study involved a 64-year-old postmenopausal woman who underwent surgery for endometrial hyperplasia and was incidentally found to have an ovarian mass with a unique genetic mutation. This case highlights the importance of molecular testing in diagnosing ovarian sex cord-stromal tumors and the potential for new mutations to be detected in these tumors. The research was published in the International Journal of Gynecological Pathology and has been peer-reviewed. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers at the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center conducted a retrospective cohort study to evaluate survival outcomes in patients with adult-type granulosa cell tumors who have telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) promoter mutations. The study included 70 patients, with 40% having TERT+ tumors. While there was no observed difference in overall survival based on TERT mutation status, patients with TERT+ tumors had shorter progression-free survival after first recurrence. The research suggests that TERT promoter mutations may identify a subset of patients with recurrent adult granulosa cell tumors and less favorable outcomes. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers at the Reproductive Medicine Center have conducted a study on the effects of flavopiridol (FP) on human ovarian granulosa cells. The study found that FP inhibits cell proliferation and induces apoptosis by interfering with the CDK1 signaling pathway. The research suggests that potential toxicity to the reproductive system should be considered when using FP in clinical applications. This study provides valuable insights into the impact of FP on female reproductive health. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by researchers at Tehran University of Medical Sciences focused on ovarian granulosa cell tumors (OGCT) in Iran. The 10-year retrospective study gathered data on clinical features and survival rates of patients with OGCT, highlighting the median age, common symptoms, treatment procedures, and survival outcomes. The study concluded that chemotherapy and oophorectomy were effective treatments for OGCT in Iranian patients, suggesting further research on the combined use of these procedures for improved outcomes. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted at Nantong University in Jiangsu, China, explored the role of Sestrin 2 (SESN2) in polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS). The research found that SESN2 suppressed dihydrotestosterone (DHT)-induced apoptosis and oxidative stress in granulosa cells through the AMPK/ULK1-mediated mitophagy pathway. This study sheds light on potential therapeutic targets for PCOS treatment and was supported by the Nantong Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital young medical talent fund. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted at the Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University in China focused on the impact of arsenic exposure on ovarian health. The research found that arsenic exposure led to decreased granulosa cell proliferation, diminished ovarian reserve, and endocrine disruption in mice. The study highlighted the role of METTL3 in regulating granulosa cell mitophagy and follicular atresia due to arsenic exposure. This research sheds light on the potential effects of environmental toxins on women's health and reproductive systems. [Extracted from the article]

The article from Women's Health Weekly discusses research from Heidelberg, Germany, on the regulation of Bone Morphogenetic Protein Receptor Type II expression by Fragile X Mental Retardation Protein in human granulosa cells in the context of poor ovarian response. The study explores the impact of FMRP-BMPR2 interactions on ovarian function, suggesting that disruptions in these interactions may lead to poor ovarian responses and infertility. The findings emphasize the crucial role of FMR1/FMRP in BMPR2 expression and its implications for reproductive health. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted at Guangdong Ocean University in Zhanjiang, China, focused on the effects of heat stress on ovarian granulosa cells, specifically exploring novel ferroptosis pathways. The research aimed to comprehensively review the impact of heat stress on these cells, highlighting changes in steroid hormones, oxidative stress, apoptosis, and mitochondrial function. The study also delved into the mechanisms through which heat stress induces apoptosis in ovarian granulosa cells, including the activation of apoptosis-related genes, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and the mitochondrial pathway. Additionally, the research analyzed the potential association between heat stress and ferroptosis, examining key factors such as Nrf2/Keap1 signaling pathways, HSPs, and JNK, to provide insights for further understanding the complex mechanisms of ferroptosis in ovarian granulosa cells under heat stress conditions. [Extracted from the article]