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1. From taxonomic to functional dark diversity: Exploring the causes of potential biodiversity and its implications for conservation

Author: Frédéric Ysnel, Simon Chollet, Lou Barbe, Vincent Jung, Lo iumls Morel, Biologie des Organismes et Ecosystèmes Aquatiques (BOREA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), Littoral, Environnement, Télédétection, Géomatique UMR 6554 (LETG), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université d'Angers (UA)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Géographie et d'Aménagement Régional de l'Université de Nantes (IGARUN), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN), Ecosystèmes, biodiversité, évolution [Rennes] (ECOBIO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), Region Bretagne, Departement des Cotes d'Armor Region Bretagne, Departement d'Ille-et-Vilaine, Communaute de communes de Plouha-Lanvollon, Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université d'Angers (UA)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Géographie et d'Aménagement Régional de l'Université de Nantes (IGARUN), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université de Rennes (UR)
Subjects: passive rewilding, 0106 biological sciences, genetic structures, Functional features, ecological restoration, Biodiversity, Woodland, forest temporal continuity, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Conservation, spiders, Restoration ecology, taxonomic and functional dark diversity, Ecology, plants, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, respiratory system, 15. Life on land, Geography, Habitat, community assembly, sense organs, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, human activities, Diversity (business)
Abstract: Aims and context: Dark diversity is an emerging and promising concept proposed to estimate the recruitment potential of natural communities and guide conservation and restoration policies. It represents all the species that could be present in a community due to favourable environmental conditions, but are currently lacking. To date, experimental approaches only measured taxonomic dark diversity, mainly based on species coexistence, which relies partly on neutral processes. Thus, these approaches may fail to identify the biodiversity which is lacking for deterministic reasons, and can hence hardly bring out suitable restoration methods. Methods: Here, we propose a novel method to estimate dark diversity, which is based on more deterministic coexistence: the coexistence of functional features. We adapted the Beals co-occurrence index using functional groups, and we estimated functional dark diversity based on coexistence of functional groups. We then made use of functional dark diversity to address a persistent issue of restoration ecology: how does passive rewilding impact the ecological integrity of recovered communities? We compared spontaneous, secondary woodlands with ancient forests, in terms of taxonomic and functional dark diversity of vascular plants and spiders. Results: Our results indicated that functional dark diversity does not equate to taxonomic dark diversity. Considering plants, recent woodlands surprisingly harboured less functional dark diversity than ancient forests, while they had a very similar amount of taxonomic dark diversity. Concerning spiders, recent woodlands harboured a similar amount of functional dark diversity as ancient forests, but more taxonomic dark diversity. Also, the composition of functional dark diversity differed between forest types, shedding light on their past assembly processes and unveiling their potential for conservation and effective restoration. Synthesis: Functional dark diversity brings novel perspectives for ecological diagnostic and restoration. Combined to taxonomic dark diversity, it enables to identify easily the deterministic constrains which limit the re-assembly of ecological communities after land-use changes and to predict the realistic, possible establishments of functional features. Here, we showed that spontaneous woodlands can have very similar, sometimes even higher, ecological integrity than that of ancient forests, and hence may be valuable habitats to be conserved from an ecological perspective.
Published: 2021

2. Vineyard Management and Its Impacts on Soil Biodiversity, Functions, and Ecosystem Services

Author: Brice Giffard, Silvia Winter, Silvia Guidoni, Annegret Nicolai, Maurizio Castaldini, Daniel Cluzeau, Patrice Coll, Jérôme Cortet, Edith Le Cadre, Giada d’Errico, Astrid Forneck, Elena Gagnarli, Michaela Griesser, Muriel Guernion, Alessandra Lagomarsino, Silvia Landi, Yves Le Bissonnais, Elena Mania, Stefano Mocali, Cristina Preda, Simone Priori, Annette Reineke, Adrien Rusch, Hans-Josef Schroers, Sauro Simoni, Magdalena Steiner, Elena Temneanu, Sven Bacher, Edoardo A. C. Costantini, Johann Zaller, Ilona Leyer, Santé et agroécologie du vignoble (UMR SAVE), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut des Sciences de la Vigne et du Vin (ISVV)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Agronomiques de Bordeaux-Aquitaine (Bordeaux Sciences Agro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Universität für Bodenkultur Wien = University of Natural Resources and Life [Vienne, Autriche] (BOKU), Università degli studi di Torino = University of Turin (UNITO), Ecosystèmes, biodiversité, évolution [Rennes] (ECOBIO), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centro di Ricerca Agricoltura e Ambiente [CREA] (CREA-AA), Consiglio per la Ricerca in Agricoltura e l’analisi dell’economia agraria = Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA), Laboratoire Interuniversitaire des Systèmes Atmosphériques (LISA (UMR_7583)), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Centre d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive (CEFE), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro Montpellier, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Sol Agro et hydrosystème Spatialisation (SAS), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro Rennes Angers, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), University of Naples Federico II = Università degli studi di Napoli Federico II, Istituto per la Protezione Sostenibile delle Piante [Torino, Italia] (IPSP), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Research Centre for Plant Protection and Certification, Laboratoire d'étude des Interactions Sol - Agrosystème - Hydrosystème (UMR LISAH), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro Montpellier, Ovidius University of Constanta, Hochschule Geisenheim University, Institut des Sciences de la Vigne et du Vin [Villenave d'Ornon] (ISVV), Université de Bordeaux (UB), Agricultural Institute of Slovenia, University of Fribourg, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj Napoca, The review formed part of the PromESSinG and VineDivers projects, funded by the 2013–2014 BiodivERsA/FACCE JPI joint call for research proposals with the national funders Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung (BMBF, Germany), Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR, France), Executive Agency for Higher Education, Research, Development and Innovation Funding (UEFISCDI, Romania), Ministerio des economía y competitividad (MINECO, Spain), FWF-Der Wissenschaftsfonds (Austria) and the Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF, Switzerland Grant No: 40FA40_158390). The contract of BG was supported in 2017 by the European Union Seventh Framework Program via a grant from the PromESSinG project. Contributions to this review were also supported by the research project ReSolVe funded by transnational funding bodies, being partners of the FP7 ERA-net project, CORE Organic Plus, and the cofound from the European Commission, and by the research project SECBIVIT which was funded through the 2017–2018 Belmont Forum and BiodivERsA joint call for research proposals, under the BiodivScen ERA-Net COFUND program, and with the funding organizations: AEI/Spain, BMBF/Germany, ANR/France, NWO/Netherlands, UEFISCDI/Romania, FWF/Austria (Grant No: I 4025-B32) and the NSF/United States (Grant No: 1850943). Researches on soil biodiversity conducted in the SAVE unit (BG and ARu) were supported by the Conseil Interprofessionel des Vins de Bordeaux CIVB during the Phytae project (2018–2020) and the Endless project (2021–2024)., Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), CNR Istituto per la Protezione Sostenibile delle Piante [Torino, Italia] (IPSP), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Université de Fribourg = University of Fribourg (UNIFR), and University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj Napoca = Universitatea de Științe Agricole și Medicină Veterinară Cluj-Napoca
Subjects: microarthropods, Ecology, microarthropods, earthworms, gastropods, nematodes, plants, predatory arthropods, microflora, pest control, plants, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], gastropods, nematodes, earthworms, microflora, predatory arthropods, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, pest control
Abstract: International audience; Healthy soils form the basis of sustainable viticulture, where soil characteristics have a direct impact on wine quantity and quality. Soil not only provides water and nutrients to vines, but is also a living medium containing micro- and macroorganisms that perform many ecological functions and provide ecosystem services. These organisms are involved in many processes, from decomposing organic matter to providing minerals to vine roots. They also control diseases, pests, and weeds, in addition to improving the soil structure in terms of its capacity to retain water and nutrients. Related to decomposition processes, the carbon content of vineyard soils influences fertility, erosion and biogeochemical cycles, with significant implications for the global climate. However, common agricultural practices represent strong threats to biodiversity and associated ecosystem services provided by vineyard soils. As consumers increasingly consider environmental aspects in their purchase decisions, winegrowers have to adapt their vineyard management strategies, raising the demand for sustainable pest- and weed-control methods. This article presents a comprehensive review of the impacts of vineyard practices on the soil ecosystem, biodiversity, and biodiversity-based ecosystem services, and provides future prospects for sustainable viticulture.
Published: 2022

3. Economic costs of invasive alien ants worldwide

Author: Elena Angulo, Benjamin D. Hoffmann, Liliana Ballesteros-Mejia, Ahmed Taheri, Paride Balzani, Alok Bang, David Renault, Marion Cordonnier, Céline Bellard, Christophe Diagne, Danish A. Ahmed, Yuya Watari, Franck Courchamp, Ecologie Systématique et Evolution (ESE), AgroParisTech-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation [Canberra] (CSIRO), Université Chouaib Doukkali (UCD), Università degli Studi di Firenze = University of Florence (UniFI), Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters [University of South Bohemia], University of South Bohemia, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses [University of South Bohemia] (CENAKVA), University of South Bohemia -University of South Bohemia, Society for Ecology Evolution and Development, Ecosystèmes, biodiversité, évolution [Rennes] (ECOBIO), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), Ministère de l'Education nationale, de l’Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche (M.E.N.E.S.R.), Gulf University for Science and Technology (GUST), Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute (FFPRI), Open Access funding provided thanks to the CRUE-CSIC agreement with Springer Nature. This research was funded through the 2017–2018 Belmont Forum and BiodivERsA joint call for research proposals, under the BiodivScen ERA-Net COFUND program. The French National Research Agency (ANR-14-CE02-0021) and the BNP-Paribas Foundation Climate Initiative funded the InvaCost project that allowed the construction of the InvaCost database. The work was conducted following a workshop funded by the AXA Research Fund Chair of Invasion Biology and is part of the AlienScenario project funded by BiodivERsA and Belmont-Forum call 2018 on biodiversity scenarios, which also funded CD contract (BMBF/PT DLR 01LC1807C). Funds for EA and LBM came from the AXA Research Fund Chair of Invasion Biology of University Paris Saclay. DA was funded by the Kuwait Foundation for the Advancement of Sciences (KFAS) (Grant number: PR1914SM-01) and the Gulf University for Science and Technology (GUST) internal seed fund (Grant Number: 253536). DR thanks InEE-CNRS who supports the national network ‘Biological Invasions’ (Groupement de Recherche InvaBio, 2014–2022). CB was also funded by her salary as a french public agent., ANR-14-CE02-0021,InvaCosts,Insectes envahissants et leurs couts pour la biodiversité, l'économie et la santé humaine(2014), Estación Biológica de Doñana (EBD), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Biologie pour la Gestion des Populations (UMR CBGP), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro Montpellier, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Université de Montpellier (UM), BiodivERsA joint call for research proposals, under the BiodivScen ERA-Net COFUND program, French National Research Agency [ANR-14-CE02-0021], BNP-Paribas Foundation Climate Initiative - AXA Research Fund Chair of Invasion Biology [BMBF/PT DLR 01LC1807C], AXA Research Fund Chair of Invasion Biology of University Paris Saclay - Kuwait Foundation for the Advancement of Sciences (KFAS) [PR1914SM-01], Gulf University for Science and Technology (GUST) [253536], InEE-CNRS [2014-2022], Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), and Università degli Studi di Firenze = University of Florence [Firenze] (UNIFI)
Subjects: InvaCost, Wasmannia, Ecology, Anoplolepis, Monetary impacts, JEL: Q - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics • Environmental and Ecological Economics/Q.Q5 - Environmental Economics/Q.Q5.Q51 - Valuation of Environmental Effects, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Linepithema, [SHS.ECO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Economics and Finance, Formicidae, JEL: Q - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics • Environmental and Ecological Economics/Q.Q5 - Environmental Economics/Q.Q5.Q57 - Ecological Economics: Ecosystem Services • Biodiversity Conservation • Bioeconomics • Industrial Ecology, [SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Abstract: International audience; Invasive ants are amongst the most destructive and widespread invaders across the globe; they can strongly alter invaded ecosystems and are responsible for the loss of native ant species. Several studies have reported that invasive ants can also lead to substantial economic costs. In this study, we search, describe and analyse 1342 reported costs of invasive ants compiled in the InvaCost database. Economic costs, reported since 1930 for 12 ant species in 27 countries, totalled US dollars 51.93 billion, from which US dollars 10.95 billion were incurred, and US$ 40.98 billion were potential costs (i.e., expected or predicted costs). More than 80% of total costs were associated with only two species, Solenopsis invicta and Wasmannia auropunctata ; and two countries, the USA and Australia. Overall, damage costs amounted to 92% of the total cost, mainly impacting the agriculture, public and social welfare sectors. Management costs were primarily post-invasion management (US dollars 1.79 billion), with much lower amounts dedicated to prevention (US dollars 235.63 million). Besides the taxonomic bias, cost information was lacking for an average of 78% of the invaded countries. Moreover, even in countries where costs were reported, such information was available for only 56% of the invaded locations. Our synthesis suggests that the global costs of invasive ants are massive but largely biased towards developed economies, with a huge proportion of underreported costs, and thus most likely grossly underestimated. We advocate for more and improved cost reporting of invasive ants through better collaborations between managers, practitioners and researchers, a crucial basis for adequately informing future budgets and improving proactive management actions of invasive ants.; El coste económico mundial de las hormigas invasoras Las hormigas invasoras están entre las especies más destructivas y más ampliamente extendidas en todo el mundo. Pueden alterar fuertemente los ecosistemas y son responsables de la pérdida de numerosas especies de hormigas nativas en los ecosistemas invadidos. Muchos estudios han mostrado que las hormigas invasoras pueden producir costes económicos importantes. En este estudio, recopilamos, describimos y analizamos 1342 entradas de costes económicos de hormigas invasoras usando la base de datos InvaCost. Los costes económicos fueron reportados desde 1930, para 12 hormigas invasoras, en 27 países, alcanzando un total de 51.93 mil millones de dólares americanos de los cuales 10.95 mil millones fueron observados (costes reales) mientras que 40.98 mil millones de dólares americanos fueron costes potenciales (es decir, costes esperados, no observados). Más del 80% de los costes totales fueron causados por dos especies: Solenopsis invicta y Wasmannia auropunctata ; y en dos países: Estados Unidos y Australia. Los costes debidos a daños alcanzaron el 92% del total, afectando principalmente a los sectores agrícola y de bienestar social. Los costes de gestión se invirtieron en su mayoría en la gestión de post-invasión (1.79 mil millones de dólares), con montos mucho menores de inversión en prevención (235.63 millones de dólares). A nivel geográfico, falta información de reportes de costes económicos para aproximadamente un 78% de los países invadidos. Además, incluso en los países donde existían costes reportados, dicha información sólo estaba disponible para el 56% de los lugares invadidos. Nuestra síntesis sugiere que los costes globales de las hormigas invasoras son enormes pero en gran medida sesgados hacia las economías desarrolladas, con una gran proporción de costes sin reportar y por lo tanto gravemente subestimados. Exhortamos entonces, a un mayor y mejor reporte de los costes económicos de las hormigas invasoras a través de una mayor colaboración entre gestores, profesionales e investigadores; lo cual es la base crucial para informar adecuadamente presupuestos futuros y mejorar las actuaciones hacia una gestión proactiva de las hormigas invasoras.
Published: 2022

4. Soil properties, grassland management, and landscape diversity drive the assembly of earthworm communities in temperate grasslands

Author: Lou Barbe, Cécile Monard, Daniel Cluzeau, Kevin Hoeffner, Mathieu Santonja, Mathilde Le Moing, Ecosystèmes, biodiversité, évolution [Rennes] (ECOBIO), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut méditerranéen de biodiversité et d'écologie marine et continentale (IMBE), Avignon Université (AU)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UMR237-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Station Biologique de Paimpont CNRS UMR 6653 (OSUR), Université de Rennes (UR), Ministère de l'Enseignement supérieur, de la Recherche et de l'Innovation, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UMR237-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Avignon Université (AU), and Université de Rennes 1 (UR1)
Subjects: trampling, Soil Science, 010501 environmental sciences, Biology, 01 natural sciences, Grassland, field margin, Abundance (ecology), soil organic matter, hedgerow, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, 2. Zero hunger, Biomass (ecology), geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, Ecology, Soil organic matter, Earthworm, ecological category, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, 15. Life on land, biology.organism_classification, soil PH, Habitat, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, 040103 agronomy & agriculture, 0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries, livestock unit, Species richness, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Epigeal
Abstract: International audience; Earthworms are widespread soil organisms that contribute to a wide range of ecosystem services. As such, it is important to improve our knowledge, still scanty, of the factors that drive the assembly of earthworm communities. The aim of the present study was to conjointly evaluate the effects on the assembly of earthworm communities of i) soil properties (texture, organic matter content, and pH), ii) grassland management (grassland age, livestock unit, and type of fertilization), iii) landscape diversity (richness, diversity of surrounding habitats, and grassland plant diversity), and iv) presence of hedgerows. The study was conducted in temperate grasslands of Brittany, France. Earthworms were sampled in 24 grasslands and, in three of these grasslands, they were sampled near a hedgerow or near a ditch (control without a hedgerow). Soil properties explained the larger portion of the variation in the earthworm community parameters compared to grassland management or landscape diversity. The increase in soil organic matter content and pH were the most favorable factors for earthworm abundance and biomass, in particular for endogeic species. Regarding grassland management, the increase in the livestock unit was the most damaging factor for earthworm communities, in particular for the anecic earthworm biomass and endogeic species richness. Surprisingly, landscape diversity negatively affected the total earthworm abundance and epigeic earthworm biomass, but it was related to an increase in the epi-anecic species. At a finer scale, we also demonstrated that the presence of hedgerows surrounding grasslands enhanced earthworm species richness, especially within the epigeic and anecic ecological categories. This study highlights that the earthworm ecological categories respond specifically to environmental filters; further studies need to be conducted to elucidate the factors that drive the assembly of earthworm communities at this ecological category level. We recommend that policymakers should act on landscape management to favor earthworm diversity in order to improve the ecosystem services they drive.
Published: 2021

5. Massive economic costs of biological invasions despite widespread knowledge gaps: a dual setback for India

Author: Alok Bang, Ross N. Cuthbert, Phillip J. Haubrock, Romina D. Fernandez, Desika Moodley, Christophe Diagne, Anna J. Turbelin, David Renault, Tatenda Dalu, Franck Courchamp, Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research [Kiel] (GEOMAR), Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters [University of South Bohemia], University of South Bohemia, Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum [Frankfurt], Senckenberg – Leibniz Institution for Biodiversity and Earth System Research - Senckenberg Gesellschaft für Naturforschung, Leibniz Association-Leibniz Association, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas [Buenos Aires] (CONICET), Universidad Nacional de Tucumán (UNT), Institute of Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences (IB / CAS), Czech Academy of Sciences [Prague] (CAS), Université Paris-Saclay, Ecologie Systématique et Evolution (ESE), AgroParisTech-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Ecosystèmes, biodiversité, évolution [Rennes] (ECOBIO), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), Ministère de l'Education nationale, de l’Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche (M.E.N.E.S.R.), University of Mpumalanga (UMP), French National Research Agency French National Research Agency (ANR) [ANR-14-CE02-0021], BNP-Paribas Foundation Climate Initiative through the InvaCost Project, University Paris Saclay, CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) European Commission, AXA Research Fund Chair of Invasion Biology of University Paris Saclay, 2017-2018 Belmont Forum under the BiodivScen ERA-Net COFUND Programme [BMBF/PT DLR 01LC1807C], BiodivERsA Joint Call for Research proposals under the BiodivScen ERA-Net COFUND Programme with Project \'Alien Scenarios\' [BMBF/PT DLR 01LC1807C], Czech Science FoundationGrant Agency of the Czech Republic [18-18495S, 19-28807X], Czech Academy of Sciences Czech Academy of Sciences [RVO 67985939], Alexander von Humboldt Foundation Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, French National Network 'Biological Invasions' (GdR InvaBio), ANR-14-CE02-0021,InvaCosts,Insectes envahissants et leurs couts pour la biodiversité, l'économie et la santé humaine(2014), Queen's University [Belfast] (QUB), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2), and Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: InvaCost, Ecology, Non-native species, Nonnative species, SDG 8 - Decent Work and Economic Growth, Socioeconomic measures, South Asia, [SHS.ECO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Economics and Finance, [SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, Economic impact, JEL: Q - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics • Environmental and Ecological Economics/Q.Q5 - Environmental Economics/Q.Q5.Q51 - Valuation of Environmental Effects, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Abstract: Biological invasions are one of the top drivers of the ongoing biodiversity crisis. An underestimated consequence of invasions is the enormity of their economic impacts. Knowledge gaps regarding economic costs produced by invasive alien species (IAS) are pervasive, particularly for emerging economies such as India—the fastest growing economy worldwide. To investigate, highlight and bridge this gap, we synthesised data on the economic costs of IAS in India. Specifically, we examine how IAS costs are distributed spatially, environmentally, sectorally, taxonomically, temporally, and across introduction pathways; and discuss how Indian IAS costs vary with socioeconomic indicators. We found that IAS have cost the Indian economy between at least US$ 127.3 billion to 182.6 billion (Indian Rupees ₹ 8.3 trillion to 11.9 trillion) over 1960–2020, and these costs have increased with time. Despite these massive recorded costs, most were not assigned to specific regions, environments, sectors, cost types and causal IAS, and these knowledge gaps are more pronounced in India than in the rest of the world. When costs were specifically assigned, maximum costs were incurred in West, South and North India, by invasive alien insects in semi-aquatic ecosystems; they were incurred mainly by the public and social welfare sector, and were associated with damages and losses rather than management expenses. Our findings indicate that the reported economic costs grossly underestimate the actual costs, especially considering the expected costs given India’s population size, gross domestic product and high numbers of IAS without reported costs. This cost analysis improves our knowledge of the negative economic impacts of biological invasions in India and the burden they can represent for its development. We hope this study motivates policymakers to address socio-ecological issues in India and launch a national biological invasion research programme, especially since economic growth will be accompanied by greater impacts of global change.
Published: 2022

6. In situ resistance, not immigration, supports invertebrate community resilience to drought intensification in a Neotropical ecosystem

Author: Joséphine Leflaive, Nicholas A. C. Marino, Vinicius F. Farjalla, Thibaut Rota, Diane S. Srivastava, Bruno Corbara, Régis Céréghino, Vincent E. J. Jassey, Céline Leroy, Jean-François Carrias, Arthur Compin, Camille Bonhomme, Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UNIRIO), Botanique et Modélisation de l'Architecture des Plantes et des Végétations (UMR AMAP), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement (LEFE), Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT), Laboratoire Microorganismes : Génome et Environnement (LMGE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA), University of British Columbia (UBC), Ecologie des forêts de Guyane (UMR ECOFOG), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-AgroParisTech-Université de Guyane (UG)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), EC2CO‐Biohefect, ANR-18-CE02-0015,RESILIENCE,Démêler les rôles des traits biologiques et de la dynamique des métacommunautés sur la résilience multifonctionnelle des écosystèmes néotropicaux(2018), ANR-10-LABX-0025,CEBA,CEnter of the study of Biodiversity in Amazonia(2010), Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement (ECOLAB), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), and Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Metacommunity, media_common.quotation_subject, Resistance, Climate change, Community, Biology, [SDV.BID.SPT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Systematics, Phylogenetics and taxonomy, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, [SDV.EE.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Ecosystems, Animals, Ecosystem, Freshwater ecosystems Functional traits, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, media_common, Community resilience, Drought, Resilience, Resistance (ecology), Ecology, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, fungi, Community structure, food and beverages, Emigration and Immigration, [SDV.BV.BOT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology/Botanics, 15. Life on land, Invertebrates, Droughts, 13. Climate action, Biological dispersal, Animal Science and Zoology, Psychological resilience, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology
Abstract: International audience; While future climate scenarios predict declines in precipitations in many regions of the world, little is known of the mechanisms underlying community resilience to prolonged dry seasons, especially in ‘naïve’ Neotropical rainforests. Predictions of community resilience to intensifying drought are complicated by the fact that the underlying mechanisms are mediated by species' tolerance and resistance traits, as well as rescue through dispersal from source patches.We examined the contribution of in situ tolerance‐resistance and immigration to community resilience, following drought events that ranged from the ambient norm to IPCC scenarios and extreme events. We used rainshelters above rainwater‐filled bromeliads of French Guiana to emulate a gradient of drought intensity (from 1 to 3.6 times the current number of consecutive days without rainfall), and we analysed the post‐drought dynamics of the taxonomic and functional community structure of aquatic invertebrates to these treatments when immigration is excluded (by netting bromeliads) or permitted (no nets). Drought intensity negatively affected invertebrate community resistance, but had a positive influence on community recovery during the post‐drought phase. After droughts of 1 to 1.4 times the current intensities, the overall invertebrate abundance recovered within invertebrate life cycle durations (up to 2 months). Shifts in taxonomic composition were more important after longer droughts, but overall, community composition showed recovery towards baseline states. The non‐random patterns of changes in functional community structure indicated that deterministic processes like environmental filtering of traits drive community re‐assembly patterns after a drought event. Community resilience mostly relied on in situ tolerance‐resistance traits. A rescue effect of immigration after a drought event was weak and mostly apparent under extreme droughts.Under climate change scenarios of drought intensification in Neotropical regions, community and ecosystem resilience could primarily depend on the persistence of suitable habitats and on the resistance traits of species, while metacommunity dynamics could make a minor contribution to ecosystem recovery. Climate change adaptation should thus aim at identifying and preserving local conditions that foster in situ resistance and the buffering effects of habitat features.
Published: 2020

7. Climate influences the response of community functional traits to local conditions in bromeliad invertebrate communities

Author: Fabiola Ospina Bautista, Laura Melissa Guzman, Benjamin Gilbert, Valério D. Pillar, Régis Céréghino, Ignacio M. Barberis, Bruno Corbara, Céline Leroy, Paula M. de Omena, Michael J. Richardson, Nicholas A. C. Marino, Vanderlei J. Debastiani, Merlijn Jocque, Barbara A. Richardson, Olivier Dézerald, Gustavo Q. Romero, M. Kurtis Trzcinski, Vinicius F. Farjalla, Ana Z. Gonįalves, Guillermo Montero, A. Andrew M. MacDonald, Gustavo C. O. Piccoli, Diane S. Srivastava, Pavel Kratina, Univ. of British Columbia, Simon Fraser Univ., Científicas y Técnicas, Univ. Toulouse III – Paul Sabatier, Centre for the Synthesis and Analysis of Biodiversity (CESAB-FRB), Univ. of Toronto, Univ. Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Univ. of Campinas, Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA), Auvergne, IRD, ECOFOG, Univ. de los Andes, Univ. de Caldas, Queen Mary Univ. of London, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Univ. of Puerto Rico, Agrocampus Oues, Royal Belgian Inst. of Natural Sciences, University of British Columbia (UBC), Universidad Nacional de Rosario [Santa Fe], Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement (LEFE), Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT), University of Toronto, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul [Porto Alegre] (UFRGS), Universidade Estadual de Campinas = University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Laboratoire Microorganismes : Génome et Environnement (LMGE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA), Botanique et Modélisation de l'Architecture des Plantes et des Végétations (UMR AMAP), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Ecologie des forêts de Guyane (UMR ECOFOG), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-AgroParisTech-Université de Guyane (UG)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Instituto de Informática da UFRGS (UFRGS), Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UNIRIO), Luquillo LTER, Institute for Tropical Ecosystem Studies, College of Natural Sciences, University of Puerto Rico at Rio Piedras, Écologie et santé des écosystèmes (ESE), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-INSTITUT AGRO Agrocampus Ouest, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), University of Puerto Rico at Rio Piedras Campus (UPR-RP), Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences (RBINS), Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement (ECOLAB), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, University of Campinas [Campinas] (UNICAMP), AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Ecology (disciplines), climatic variation, macroinvertebrates, Local conditions, Biology, [SDV.BID.SPT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Systematics, Phylogenetics and taxonomy, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, [SDV.EE.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Ecosystems, Climate variation, functional traits, Precipitation, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Organism, Invertebrate, Climatic variation, Macroinvertebrates, Ecology, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, [SDV.BV.BOT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology/Botanics, 15. Life on land, Bromeliads, local conditions, Community composition, 13. Climate action, Benthic zone, Trait, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, bromeliads, Functional traits
Abstract: Made available in DSpace on 2022-04-28T19:29:49Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2021-03-01 Functional traits determine an organism's performance in a given environment and as such determine which organisms will be found where. Species respond to local conditions, but also to larger scale gradients, such as climate. Trait ecology links these responses of species to community composition and species distributions. Yet, we often do not know which environmental gradients are most important in determining community trait composition at either local or biogeographical scales, or their interaction. Here we quantify the relative contribution of local and climatic conditions to the structure and composition of functional traits found within bromeliad invertebrate communities. We conclude that climate explains more variation in invertebrate trait composition within bromeliads than does local conditions. Importantly, climate mediated the response of traits to local conditions; for example, invertebrates with benthic life-history traits increased with bromeliad water volume only under certain precipitation regimes. Our ability to detect this and other patterns hinged on the compilation of multiple fine-grained datasets, allowing us to contrast the effect of climate versus local conditions. We suggest that, in addition to sampling communities at local scales, we need to aggregate studies that span large ranges in climate variation in order to fully understand trait filtering at local, regional and global scales. Dept of Zoology and Biodiversity Research Centre Univ. of British Columbia Dept of Biology Simon Fraser Univ. Dept of Forest and Conservation Sciences Univ. of British Columbia Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias Inst. de Investigaciones en Ciencias Agrarias de Rosario Univ. Nacional de Rosario Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement Univ. de Toulouse CNRS Univ. Toulouse III – Paul Sabatier Centre for the Synthesis and Analysis of Biodiversity (CESAB-FRB) Dept of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Univ. of Toronto Dept of Ecology and Graduate Program in Ecology Univ. Federal do Rio Grande do Sul Laboratory of Multitrophic Interactions and Biodiversity Dept of Animal Biology Inst. of Biology Univ. of Campinas Inst. of Biological Sciences Univ. Federal do Pará Laboratoire Microorganismes Génome et Environnement Univ. Clermont Auvergne AMAP Univ. Montpellier CIRAD CNRS INRA IRD ECOFOG Campus Agronomique Depto de Ciencias Biológicas Univ. de los Andes Depto de Ciencias Biológicas Univ. de Caldas School of Biological and Chemical Sciences Queen Mary Univ. of London Dept of Botany Biosciences Inst. Univ. of São Paulo Depto de Ecologia Inst. de Biologia Univ. Federal do Rio de Janeiro Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia Univ. Federal do Rio de Janeiro Luquillo LTER Inst. for Tropical Ecosystem Studies Univ. of Puerto Rico UMR ESE Ecology and Ecosystem Health INRA Agrocampus Oues Dept of Zoology and Botany Univ. of São Paulo State Aquatic and Terrestrial Ecology Royal Belgian Inst. of Natural Sciences
Published: 2020

8. Increased population density depresses activity but does not influence emigration in the snail Pomatias elegans

Author: Maxime Dahirel, Armelle Ansart, Loïc Menut, Ecosystèmes, biodiversité, évolution [Rennes] (ECOBIO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), Institut Sophia Agrobiotech (ISA), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS)
Subjects: defence, 0106 biological sciences, gastropod, Range (biology), Snail, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Population density, dispersal syndromes, biology.animal, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, 050102 behavioral science & comparative psychology, Evolutionary dynamics, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, biology, Ecology, 05 social sciences, Land snail, 15. Life on land, biology.organism_classification, ecosystem functioning, sex-biased dispersal, Biological dispersal, Dormancy, Animal Science and Zoology, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Pomatias elegans
Abstract: Dispersal is a key trait linking ecological and evolutionary dynamics, allowing organisms to optimize fitness expectations in spatially and temporally heterogeneous environments. Some organisms can both actively disperse or enter a reduced activity state in response to challenging conditions, and both responses may be under a trade-off. To understand how such organisms respond to changes in environmental conditions, we studied the dispersal and activity behaviour in the gonochoric land snail Pomatias elegans, a litter decomposer that can reach very high local densities, across a wide range of ecologically relevant densities. We found that crowding up to twice the maximal recorded density had no detectable effect on dispersal tendency in this species, contrary to previous results in many hermaphroditic snails. Pomatias elegans is nonetheless able to detect population density; we show they reduce activity rather than increase dispersal in response to crowding. We discuss these results based on the ability of many land snails to enter dormancy for extended periods of time in case of unfavourable conditions. We propose that dormancy ("dispersal in time") may be more advantageous in species with especially poor movement abilities, even by land mollusc standards, like P. elegans. Interestingly, dispersal and activity were correlated independently of density; this dispersal syndrome may reflect a dispersal-dormancy trade-off at the individual level. Additionally, we found snails with heavier shells relative to their size tended to be less mobile, which may reflect physical and metabolic constraints on movement and/or survival during inactivity. We finally discuss how the absence of density-dependent dispersal may explain why P. elegans is often found at very high local densities, and the possible consequences for ecosystem functioning and litter decomposition.
Published: 2020

9. Mangrove microbiota along the urban-to-rural gradient of the Cayenne estuary (French Guiana, South America): Drivers and potential bioindicators

Author: Guillaume Dirberg, Tony Robinet, Lars-Eric Heimbürger-Boavida, Ronan Jézéquel, Amonda El Houssainy, Maud Fiard, Romain Walcker, Cécile Militon, Cédric Hubas, Léa Sylvi, Isabelle Bihannic, Franck Gilbert, Philippe Cuny, Emma Michaud, Dominique Lamy, Institut méditerranéen d'océanologie (MIO), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Biologie des Organismes et Ecosystèmes Aquatiques (BOREA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), Station de Biologie Marine de Concarneau, Direction générale déléguée à la Recherche, à l’Expertise, à la Valorisation et à l’Enseignement-Formation (DGD.REVE), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN), Centre de documentation de recherche et d'expérimentations sur les pollutions accidentelles des eaux (Cedre), Cedre, Institut d'écologie et des sciences de l'environnement de Paris (iEES Paris ), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement (ECOLAB), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin (LEMAR) (LEMAR), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ANR-10-LABX-0025,CEBA,CEnter of the study of Biodiversity in Amazonia(2010), Aix-Marseille Université - AMU (FRANCE), Centre de Documentation, de Recherche et d'Expérimentations sur les pollutions accidentelles des eaux - CEDRE (FRANCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la MER - IFREMER (FRANCE), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE), Institut national de recherche pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement - INRAE (FRANCE), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement - IRD (FRANCE), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (FRANCE), Sorbonne Université (FRANCE), Université de Bretagne Occidentale - UBO (FRANCE), Université Paris Est Créteil Val de Marne - UPEC (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Université de Caen Basse-Normandie (FRANCE), Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle - MNHN (FRANCE), Université de Toulon - UTLN (FRANCE), Université des Antilles et de la Guyane (FRANCE), Université de Paris - U-Paris (FRANCE), Institut d'Ecologie et des Sciences de l'Environnement de Paris - IEES (Paris, France), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement (LEFE), Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, and Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP)
Subjects: Geologic Sediments, Environmental Engineering, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, Biodiversité et Ecologie, 03 medical and health sciences, Dieldrin, chemistry.chemical_compound, Estuarine mangrove sediments, PAHs contamination, Humans, Environmental Chemistry, Organic matter, 14. Life underwater, Waste Management and Disposal, 030304 developmental biology, chemistry.chemical_classification, Ecologie, Environnement, 0303 health sciences, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, Environmental Biomarkers, biology, Planctomycetes, 030306 microbiology, Ecology, Anthropogenic Effects, Microbiota, Organochlorine contaminants, Estuary, 15. Life on land, biology.organism_classification, [SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, Pollution, 6. Clean water, French Guiana, chemistry, 13. Climate action, Wetlands, Low organic matter enrichment, Desulfobacteraceae, Environmental science, Proteobacteria, Mangrove, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Estuaries, Bioindicator, Acidobacteria
Abstract: International audience; The microbial communities inhabiting the Atlantic-East Pacific (AEP) mangroves have been poorly studied, and mostly comprise chronically polluted mangroves. In this study, we characterized changes in the structure and diversity of microbial communities of mangroves along the urban-to-rural gradient of the Cayenne estuary (French Guiana, South America) that experience low human impact. The microbial communities were assigned into 50 phyla. Proteobacteria, Chloroflexi, Acidobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and Planctomycetes were the most abundant taxa. The environmental determinants found to significantly correlated to the microbial communities at these mangroves were granulometry, dieldrin concentration, pH, and total carbon (TC) content. Furthermore, a precise analysis of the sediment highlights the existence of three types of anthropogenic pressure among the stations: (i) organic matter (OM) enrichment due to the proximity to the city and its wastewater treatment plant, (ii) dieldrin contamination, and (iii) naphthalene contamination. These forms of weak anthropogenic pressure seemed to impact the bacterial population size and microbial assemblages. A decrease in Bathyarchaeota, “Candidatus Nitrosopumilus”, and Nitrospira genera was observed in mangroves subjected to OM enrichment. Mangroves polluted with organic contaminants were enriched in Desulfobacteraceae, Desulfarculaceae, and Acanthopleuribacteraceae (with dieldrin or polychlorobiphenyl contamination), and Chitinophagaceae and Geobacteraceae (with naphthalene contamination). These findings provide insights into the main environmental factors shaping microbial communities of mangroves in the AEP that experience low human impact and allow for the identification of several potential microbial bioindicators of weak anthropogenic pressure.
Published: 2022

10. Modelling the damage costs of invasive alien species

Author: Christophe Diagne, Franck Courchamp, Emma J. Hudgins, Danish A. Ahmed, David Renault, Phillip J. Haubrock, Elsa Bonnaud, Ross N. Cuthbert, Gulf University for Science and Technology (GUST), McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada], Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research [Kiel] (GEOMAR), Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters [University of South Bohemia], University of South Bohemia, Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum [Frankfurt], Senckenberg – Leibniz Institution for Biodiversity and Earth System Research - Senckenberg Gesellschaft für Naturforschung, Leibniz Association-Leibniz Association, Ecosystèmes, biodiversité, évolution [Rennes] (ECOBIO), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), Ministère de l'Education nationale, de l’Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche (M.E.N.E.S.R.), Ecologie Systématique et Evolution (ESE), AgroParisTech-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Kuwait Foundation for the Advancement of Sciences (KFAS) [PR1914SM-01], Gulf University for Science and Technology (GUST) internal seed fund [187092], Alexander von Humboldt FoundationAlexander von Humboldt Foundation, BiodivERsA-Belmont Forum Project 'Alien Scenarios' (BMBF/PT) [DLR 01LC1807C], InEECNRS [3647 CNRS], Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), and Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, InvaCost, Population dynamics, Ecology (disciplines), Population, Non-native species, Cost modelling, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Invasive species, 03 medical and health sciences, Economic cost, Economic impact analysis, Logistic function, Biological invasions, education, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, health care economics and organizations, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, education.field_of_study, Ecology, biology, 15. Life on land, biology.organism_classification, Sturnus, Resource damages, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Socioeconomic impacts, Cost curve, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Logistic growth
Abstract: The rate of biological invasions is growing unprecedentedly, threatening ecological and socioeconomic systems worldwide. Quantitative understandings of invasion temporal trajectories are essential to discern current and future economic impacts of invaders, and then to inform future management strategies. Here, we examine the temporal trends of cumulative invasion costs by developing and testing a novel mathematical model with a population dynamical approach based on logistic growth. This model characterises temporal cost developments into four curve types (I - IV), each with distinct mathematical and qualitative properties, allowing for the parameterization of maximum cumulative costs, carrying capacities and growth rates. We test our model using damage cost data for eight genera (Rattus, Aedes, Canis, Oryctolagus, Sturnus, Ceratitis, Sus and Lymantria) extracted from the InvaCost database – which is the most up-to-date and comprehensive global compilation of economic cost estimates associated with invasive alien species. We find fundamental differences in the temporal dynamics of damage costs among genera, indicating they depend on invasion duration, species ecology and impacted sectors of economic activity. The fitted cost curves indicate a lack of broadscale support for saturation between invader density and impact, including for Canis, Oryctolagus and Lymantria, whereby costs continue to increase with no sign of saturation. For other taxa, predicted saturations may arise from data availability issues resulting from an underreporting of costs in many invaded regions. Overall, this population dynamical approach can produce cost trajectories for additional existing and emerging species, and can estimate the ecological parameters governing the linkage between population dynamics and cost dynamics.
Published: 2022

11. Threshold and weighted-distance methods: a combined multiscale approach improves explanatory power of forest carabid beetle abundance in agricultural landscape

Author: Benjamin Bergerot, Julie Betbeder, Solène Croci, Olivier Jambon, Jacques Baudry, Françoise Burel, Hugues Boussard, Romain Georges, Pierre-Gilles Lemasle, Ecosystèmes, biodiversité, évolution [Rennes] (ECOBIO), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Biodiversité agroécologie et aménagement du paysage (UMR BAGAP), Ecole supérieure d'Agricultures d'Angers (ESA)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro Rennes Angers, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Forêts et Sociétés (UPR Forêts et Sociétés), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), Département Environnements et Sociétés (Cirad-ES), Centro Agronómico Tropical de Investigación y Enseñanza - Tropical Agricultural Research and Higher Education Center (CATIE), Littoral, Environnement, Télédétection, Géomatique (LETG - Rennes ), Université de Brest (UBO)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Littoral, Environnement, Télédétection, Géomatique UMR 6554 (LETG), Université de Brest (UBO)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Géographie et d'Aménagement Régional de l'Université de Nantes (Nantes Univ - IGARUN), Nantes Université - pôle Humanités, Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université - pôle Humanités, Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Géographie et d'Aménagement Régional de l'Université de Nantes (Nantes Univ - IGARUN), Nantes Université (Nantes Univ), Woodnet project, through the 2015-2016 BiodivERsA COFUND, ANR (Agence National de la Recherche, France) French National Research Agency (ANR), MINECO (Ministerio de Asuntos Economicos y Transformacion Digital, Spain), BELSPO (Politique scientifique federale, Belgium), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Ecole supérieure d'Agricultures d'Angers (ESA)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Littoral, Environnement, Télédétection, Géomatique (LETG - Nantes), Institut de Géographie et d'Aménagement Régional de l'Université de Nantes (IGARUN), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Weighted distance, Abax parallelepipedus, Geography, Planning and Development, Species distribution, abondance, Distribution des populations, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Abundance (ecology), Statistics, Relative species abundance, Nature and Landscape Conservation, Mathematics, Ecology, biology, [SDE.IE]Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, 15. Life on land, Explained variation, biology.organism_classification, Écologie des populations, Metric (mathematics), Spatial ecology, Landscape metric, L20 - Écologie animale, Carabidae, Landscape ecology, U30 - Méthodes de recherche, Paysage agricole, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Multiscale approach
Abstract: International audience; Context To analyze the scales at which landscape structure influences ecological processes, two approaches with different underlying ecological assumptions exist; the usual threshold method and the weighted-distance method.Objectives We used abundance of species to test if the combination of weighted-distance and threshold approaches improves the explained variance of landscape metrics. Methods We developed a workflow using the two approaches to calculate metrics computed at multiple scales. The latter was developed using weighted metrics based on different weighted-distance functions, and one metric could be selected for more than one spatial scale. Then, we tested the explained variance of species distribution (the activity-density of Abax parallelepipedus) by these two approaches applied independently and then together in modeling a specific ecological response.Results The combination of metrics computed at multiple scales calculated by both weighted-distance and threshold method improved the predictive performance of the models. More precisely, adding metrics derived from the weighted-distance method to the threshold method significantly increased the explained variance when using the same environmental variables. The mean R-2 values of the selected model for the threshold method was 0.34 +/- 0.10, 0.49 +/- 0.11 with the weighted-distance method, and reached 0.71 +/- 0.07 with the two methods combined. These results demonstrate the importance of combining metrics using the weighted-distance method and the threshold method. In addition, activity-density was better explained by metrics selected at multiple scales.Conclusions This study highlights the importance of combining threshold and weighted-distance method at several scales to improve the explanation of ecological responses based on species abundance.
Published: 2022

12. Third and fourth trophic level composition shift in an aphid-parasitoid-hyperparasitoid food web limits aphid control in an intercropping system

Author: Estelle Postic, Joan van Baaren, Christelle Buchard, Stéphanie Llopis, Franck Duval, Emma Jeavons, Cécile Le Lann, Anne Le Ralec, Ecosystèmes, biodiversité, évolution [Rennes] (ECOBIO), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Fondation Yves Rocher, Institut de France, LTSER Zone Atelier Armorique (LTSER), Institut de Génétique, Environnement et Protection des Plantes (IGEPP), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro Rennes Angers, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), This study was funded by the ANRT (Association Nationale de la Recherche et de la Technologie), the company Yves Rocher and the FLEUR project (APR-PSPE Contribuer à l'essor du biocontrôle)., Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), LTSER-FR Zone Atelier Armorique, Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST, and Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Biological pest control, biological control, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Parasitoid, functional community composition, Entomophagous parasite, Trophic level, alternative host, 2. Zero hunger, Aphid, Ecology, biology, intercrop, Intercropping, 15. Life on land, biology.organism_classification, cereal crop, Food web, 010602 entomology, Agronomy, Composition (visual arts), [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, hyperparasitism, leguminous crop
Abstract: International audience; Understanding how resource diversification affects ecological interactions, food web structure and ecosystem functioning is essential in both fundamental and applied ecology. While plant diversification strategies (either in-field or around-field) are often proposed in agricultural landscapes as practices to improve the biological control of herbivores by natural enemies, results remain variable and unsure. Here, we studied the effect of an in-field diversification practice (the intercropping of leguminous crops within cereal fields, an increasingly common practice but with inconsistent results on biological control) on cereal aphid control and the structure of a cereal aphid-parasitoid-hyperparasitoid food web for 2 years. We report that aphid control was not increased in mixed fields, nor was cereal parasitoid diversity and food web complexity. Nevertheless, the provision of alternative hosts in mixed fields led to a functional community composition shift, favouring generalist parasitoid species over specialist ones. Moreover, we observed a higher hyperparasitism rate in mixed fields, suggesting that secondary parasitoids were favoured by alternative resources, which may have disrupted aphid control by primary parasitoids. Synthesis and applications. This study demonstrates that parasitoid community composition shift and increased top-down control by the fourth trophic level can impact parasitoid efficiency to control herbivores. These results highlight the necessity to study fine-scale mechanisms within food webs to be able to set up efficient methods to support biodiversity and associated ecosystem services in agricultural landscapes.
Published: 2022

13. Artificial Intelligence Accidentally Learned Ecology through Video Games

Author: Benjamin W. Abbott, Lou Barbe, Cendrine Mony, Ecosystèmes, biodiversité, évolution [Rennes] (ECOBIO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), Brigham Young University (BYU), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR), and Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Ecology, business.industry, Computer science, 020209 energy, Ecology (disciplines), ComputingMilieux_PERSONALCOMPUTING, 02 engineering and technology, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, GeneralLiterature_MISCELLANEOUS, Test (assessment), Video Games, Artificial Intelligence, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Humans, Learning, Artificial intelligence, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, business, Ecosystem, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Abstract: International audience; An advanced artificial intelligence (AI) system defeated the best human players in StarCraft II, a popular real-time strategy game. In a virtual ecosystem, players compete for habitats and resources, unintentionally reproducing many ecological phenomena. We propose to repurpose this AI to test ecological hypotheses that have been intractable using traditional approaches.
Published: 2020

14. Environmental Factors and Host Microbiomes Shape Host–Pathogen Dynamics

Author: Vance T. Vredenburg, Adriana P. Bernardo-Cravo, Adeline Loyau, Antonis Chatzinotas, Dirk S. Schmeller, Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement (LEFE), Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT), Helmholtz Zentrum für Umweltforschung = Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research (UFZ), Leipzig University, German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv), San Francisco State University (SFSU), Leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries (IGB), Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement (ECOLAB), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), and Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Ecology (disciplines), 030106 microbiology, Population, Disease, Environment, Biology, Amphibians, 03 medical and health sciences, Animals, Humans, Chytridiomycosis, Microbiome, education, Pathogen, Abiotic component, education.field_of_study, Ecology, Host (biology), Microbiota, Chytridiomycota, 030104 developmental biology, Infectious Diseases, Mycoses, Host-Pathogen Interactions, Parasitology
Abstract: Microorganisms are increasingly recognized as ecosystem-relevant components because they affect the population dynamics of hosts. Functioning at the interface of the host and pathogen, skin and gut microbiomes are vital components of immunity. Recent work reveals a strong influence of biotic and abiotic environmental factors (including the environmental microbiome) on disease dynamics, yet the importance of the host-host microbiome-pathogen-environment interaction has been poorly reflected in theory. We use amphibians and the disease chytridiomycosis caused by the fungal pathogen Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis to show how interactions between host, host microbiome, pathogen, and the environment all affect disease outcome. Our review provides new perspectives that improve our understanding of disease dynamics and ecology by incorporating environmental factors and microbiomes into disease theory.
Published: 2020

15. Effect of density and neighbours on interactions between invasive plants of similar growth form

Author: Márcio José Silveira, Gabrielle Thiébaut, Ecosystèmes, biodiversité, évolution [Rennes] (ECOBIO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), Universidade Estadual de Maringá [Maringá] (UEM), National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR), and Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, media_common.quotation_subject, Elodea canadensis, Non-native species, Clonal plants, Introduced species, Hydrocharitaceae, Aquatic Science, Biology, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Competition (biology), Invasive species, Aquatic plant, Egeria densa, 14. Life underwater, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, media_common, Ecology, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Lagarosiphon major, [SDV.BV.BOT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology/Botanics, 15. Life on land, Morphological traits, biology.organism_classification, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology
Abstract: International audience; Invasive aquatic plants constitute a great problem in many freshwater systems. Although many studies have addressed the potential threats of invasion by exotic species in aquatic ecosystems, few studies have considered the interactions (competition, facilitation, coexistence) between exotic aquatic plants of similar growth form in invaded communities. Our aim was to investigate experimentally the effect of density in monocultures and the effect of neighbour identity and plant density on a focal species in mixed cultures. We used Elodea canadensis, Egeria densa and Lagarosiphon major as model species and conducted two experiments, one in a monoculture and another in a mixed culture following an additive design. Individuals were planted in pots with several treatments based on the identity and density of neighbour species. Our results demonstrated that the development of an invasive submerged plant could be influenced either positively (facilitation) or negatively (competition or inhibition) by the presence of more than one neighbour species of different densities. An increase in density significantly stimulated competition intensity, although the effect of density on the performance of the invader also depended on neighbour identity. A facilitative effect of E. canadensis on the apical growth of E. densa was established. However, despite these results, the competitive outcome also depended on other environmental factors (e.g. underwater radiation), not on plant density and neighbour identity alone.
Published: 2020

16. 14 kyr of atmospheric mineral dust deposition in north-eastern China: A record of palaeoclimatic and palaeoenvironmental changes in the Chinese dust source regions

Author: Gaël Le Roux, Steve Pratte, Ji Shen, Kunshan Bao, François De Vleeschouwer, Wenfang Zhang, Atindra Sapkota, Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS), University of Science and Technology of China, Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement (ECOLAB), Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Unité de Recherche Argiles et Paléoclimats, Université de Liège, Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement (LEFE), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), and Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Archeology, Global and Planetary Change, Peat, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Ecology, Eastern china, Geochemistry, Paleontology, Atmospheric dust, 15. Life on land, Mineral dust, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Deposition (aerosol physics), [SDU.STU.GC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geochemistry, [SDU.STU.CL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Climatology, 13. Climate action, Aeolian processes, [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Holocene, Geology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Earth-Surface Processes
Abstract: A multi-proxy record of Holocene and late-Pleistocene aeolian mineral dust is reconstructed using a combination of geochemical (trace elements), mineralogical and grain-size analyses on cores from the Hani peatland in north-eastern (NE) China. The dust record displays a sharp increase in dust deposition during the late Holocene in comparison to the rest of the Holocene. This trend is in line with climatic records from the Chinese dust source regions and their downwind areas, which generally show an increase in aridity and aeolian activity during the late Holocene. The larger part of the Chinese dust source regions experienced a gradual increase in effective moisture and vegetation cover reaching maxima during the middle Holocene (6.0–8.0 kyr cal. BP) co-occurring with the minima in dust deposition in Hani. These changes in the dust source regions are likely to have been modulated by the variations in the East Asian summer monsoon (EASM), which is the principal mechanism controlling climate in the region. The intensified EASM during the middle Holocene is also likely to have resulted in a sediment recharge at the margin of the Chinese drylands providing additional material and enhancing the atmospheric dust load after the late-Holocene aridification of the region. Combined together, these changes promoted a remobilization of dust sources increasing the amount of material available for transport by the East Asian winter monsoon (EAWM) and the Westerlies. Human activities might also have played a role in the increased dust emissions during the late Holocene, but further research is needed to assess the extent of those impacts at a regional level.
Published: 2019

17. Ecological determinants of community structure across the trophic levels of freshwater food webs: a test using bromeliad phytotelmata

Author: Régis Céréghino, Bruno Corbara, Jean-François Carrias, Céline Leroy, Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement (LEFE), Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT), Laboratoire Microorganismes : Génome et Environnement (LMGE), Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Botanique et Modélisation de l'Architecture des Plantes et des Végétations (UMR AMAP), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Fondation pour la Recherche sur la Biodiversité (FRB Project MICBROME, AAP-IN-2009-038), ANR-10-LABX-0025,CEBA,CEnter of the study of Biodiversity in Amazonia(2010), Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement (ECOLAB), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Laboratoire Microorganismes : Génome et Environnement - Clermont Auvergne (LMGE), Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), ANR: 10-LABX-0025,CEBA,CEnter of the study of Biodiversity in Amazonia(2010), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Aquatic Science, Biology, [SDV.BID.SPT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Systematics, Phylogenetics and taxonomy, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Predation, [SDV.EE.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Ecosystems, Abundance (ecology), Niche, 14. Life underwater, Functional group (ecology), Trophic level, Abiotic component, Ecology, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Community structure, [SDV.BV.BOT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology/Botanics, 15. Life on land, Neotropical, Food web, Tank bromeliad, French Guiana, Habitat, REGION NEOTROPICALE, Functional group, Trophic interactions, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Environmental filtering
Abstract: International audience; Understanding the relative importance of habitat and biotic drivers on community assembly across food web components is an important step towards predicting the consequences of environmental changes. Because documenting entire food webs is often impractical, this question has been only partially investigated. Here, we partitioned variation in species assemblages of the major components of tank bromeliad food webs (bacteria, algae, protozoans, detritivorous and predatory invertebrates) into habitat and biotic determinants and examined the influence of habitat variables and predator or prey abundance on all taxonomic assemblages. Ecological determinism of assemblage structure ranged from weak in bacteria (
Published: 2019

18. The magnitude, diversity, and distribution of the economic costs of invasive terrestrial invertebrates worldwide

Author: Ross N. Cuthbert, César Capinha, Franck Courchamp, Andrew M. Kramer, David Renault, Phillip J. Haubrock, Elena Angulo, Ecosystèmes, biodiversité, évolution [Rennes] (ECOBIO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), Université Paris-Saclay, Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR), and Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, InvaCost, Arthropoda, Nematoda, Distribution (economics), Magnitude (mathematics), 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, dollar, non-native, Economic cost, socioeconomic indicators, health care economics and organizations, Invertebrate, Ecology, business.industry, 15. Life on land, 010602 entomology, Geography, Mollusca, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, insect, Platyhelminthes, business, Diversity (business), monetary impact
Abstract: Invasive species are a major driver of global biodiversity loss, hampering conservation efforts and disrupting ecosystem functions and services. While accumulating evidence has documented ecological impacts of invasive species across major geographic regions, habitat types and taxonomic groups, appraisals for economic costs have remained relatively sparse. This has hindered effective cost-benefit analyses that inform expenditure on management interventions to prevent, control, and eradicate invasive species. Terrestrial invertebrates are a particularly pervasive and damaging group of invaders, with many species compromising primary economic sectors such as agriculture and health. The present study provides synthesised quantifications of economic costs caused by invasive terrestrial invertebrates on the global scale and across a range of descriptors, using the InvaCost database. Invasive terrestrial invertebrates reportedly cost the global economy US$ 1.26 trillion over the investigated period (1960–2020), mostly due to invasive insects (> 90%). Overall, costs were not equally distributed geographically, with North America (76%) reporting the greatest costs, with far lower costs reported in Europe (4%) Asia (4%), Africa (3%), South America (2%), and Oceania (1%). These costs mostly resulted from direct resource damages and losses (76%), particularly to agriculture and forestry; relatively little (4%) was invested in management. A minority of monetary costs was directly observed (43%), but costs were mostly sourced from highly reliable estimates (58%). Economic costs displayed an increasing trend with time, with an average annual cost of US$ 20.67 billion since 1960, but reporting lags reduced costs in recent years. The massive global economic costs of terrestrial invertebrates require urgent consideration and investment by policymakers and managers, in order to prevent and remediate the economic and ecological impacts of these and other invasive species groups.
Published: 2021

19. Disturbed habitats locally reduce the signal of deep evolutionary history in functional traits of plants

Author: Stephan M. Hennekens, Oliver Purschke, Igor V. Bartish, Hervé Jactel, Sandrine Pavoine, Patrick Venail, Matthew R. Helmus, Martin Brändle, Cyrille Violle, Daniel S. Moen, Benjamin Yguel, Andreas Prinzing, Evan Weiher, Wim A. Ozinga, Marten Winter, Ingolf Kühn, Joaquín Hortal, Ecosystèmes, biodiversité, évolution [Rennes] (ECOBIO), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d'Ecologie et des Sciences de la COnservation (CESCO), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Biodiversité, Gènes & Communautés (BioGeCo), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales [Madrid] (MNCN), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Wageningen Environmental Research (Alterra), Institute of Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences (IB / CAS), Czech Academy of Sciences [Prague] (CAS), Temple University [Philadelphia], Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE), Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Helmholtz Zentrum für Umweltforschung = Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research (UFZ), Oklahoma State University [Stillwater] (OSU), University of Wisconsin-Madison, Philipps Universität Marburg = Philipps University of Marburg, German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv), Centre d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive (CEFE), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro - Montpellier SupAgro, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Mécanismes Adaptatifs et Evolution (MECADEV), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Synthesis Centre of iDiv, the German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research Halle-Jena-Leipzig (DFG FZT 118). BY also benefited from a postdoctoral fund from the French national research agency LabEx ANR-10-LABX-0003-BCDiv, in the context of the 'Investissements d'avenir' This work was a product of the working group sCoMuCra (Communities – Museums and Cradles of Biological Diversity), including a postdoctoral fund to BY, both funded by the sDiv, the n° ANR-11-IDEX-0004-02. CV was supported by the European Research Council (ERC) Starting Grant Project 'Ecophysiological and biophysical constraints on domestication in crop plants' (Grant ERC-StG-2014-639706- CONSTRAINTS). EW received sabbatical support from sDiv. The manuscript profited from comments by Ian Pearse, Jeanine Cavender-Bares, David Ackerly and two anonymous referees., ANR-11-IDEX-0004,SUPER,Sorbonne Universités à Paris pour l'Enseignement et la Recherche(2011), ANR-10-LABX-0003,BCDiv,Biological and Cultural Diversities : Origins, Evolution, Interactions, Future(2010), European Project: 639706,H2020,ERC-2014-STG,CONSTRAINTS(2015), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), Oklahoma State University [Stillwater], Philipps Universität Marburg, Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), and Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, trait evolution, Physiology, Bos- en Landschapsecologie, Niche conservatism, Phylogenetic signal, Plant Science, Functional diversity, Biology, disturbance and stress, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, species pool, Phylogenetic diversity, 03 medical and health sciences, Phylogenetics, Forest and Landscape Ecology, Ecosystem, Vegetatie, Phylogeny, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, Vegetation, Phylogenetic tree, Ecology, Community assembly, Disturbance and stress, phylogenetic signal, Plant community, Biodiversity, Plants, 15. Life on land, Storage effect, functional diversity, species-pool, Biological Evolution, niche conservatism, Species-pool, Phenotype, Habitat, Trait evolution, Trait, phylogenetic diversity, Vegetatie, Bos- en Landschapsecologie, Vegetation, Forest and Landscape Ecology, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology
Abstract: The functioning of present ecosystems reflects deep evolutionary history of locally cooccurring species if their functional traits show high phylogenetic signal (PS). However, we do not understand what drives local PS. We hypothesize that local PS is high in undisturbed and stressful habitats, either due to ongoing local assembly of species that maintained ancestral traits, or to past evolutionary maintenance of ancestral traits within habitat species-pools, or to both., We quantified PS and diversity of 10 traits within 6704 local plant communities across 38 Dutch habitat types differing in disturbance or stress., Mean local PS varied 50-fold among habitat types, often independently of phylogenetic or trait diversity. Mean local PS decreased with disturbance but showed no consistent relationship to stress. Mean local PS exceeded species-pool PS, reflecting nonrandom subsampling from the pool. Disturbance or stress related more strongly to mean local than to species-pool PS., Disturbed habitats harbour species with evolutionary divergent trait values, probably driven by ongoing, local assembly of species: environmental fluctuations might maintain different trait values within lineages through an evolutionary storage effect. If functional traits do not reflect phylogeny, ecosystem functioning might not be contingent on the presence of particular lineages, and lineages might establish evolutionarily novel interactions.
Published: 2021

20. Spatial and functional structure of an entire ant assemblage in a lowland Panamanian rainforest

Author: Alain Dejean, Ricardo I. Campos, Ivan Cardoso do Nascimento, Héctor Barrios, Sérvio Pontes Ribeiro, Alexey K. Tishechkin, Jérôme Orivel, Maurice Leponce, Henri Pierre Aberlenc, Arthur Compin, Jacques H. C. Delabie, Yves Roisin, Johannes Bail, Juergen Schmidl, Yves Basset, Bruno Corbara, Enrique Medianero, Andreas Floren, Raphael K. Didham, Neville N. Winchester, Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences (RBINS), Evolutionary Biology and Ecology, CP 160/12, Universite' Libre de Bruxelles, 1050 Brussels, Belgium, Laboratoire Microorganismes : Génome et Environnement (LMGE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA), Laboratorio de Mirmecologia (Itabuna, Brazil), Universidade Estadual De Santa Cruz [Brazil] (UESC), Departamento de Ciências Agrárias e Ambientais, Universidade Estadual Santa Cruz, Ecologie des forêts de Guyane (UMR ECOFOG), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-AgroParisTech-Université de Guyane (UG)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Centre de Biologie pour la Gestion des Populations (UMR CBGP), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Département Systèmes Biologiques (Cirad-BIOS), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Maestria de Entomologia, Universidad de Panamá, Departamento de Biologia Geral,Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Laboratório de Zoologiade Invertebrados, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia, Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement (ECOLAB), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, CSIRO Health and Biosecurity, Centre for Environment and Life Sciences, Universität Würzburg, Department of Animal Ecology and Tropical Biology, Laboratory of Ecology of Diseases & Forests NUPEB/ICEB, Federal University of Ouro Preto, California State Collection of Arthropods, Department of Biology, University of Victoria, University of South Bohemia, Faculty of Science, Department of Ecology and Conservation Ecology, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro - Montpellier SupAgro, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement (LEFE), Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), and Université de Toulouse (UT)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Canopy, Arboreal locomotion, Fauna, Rainforest, Stratification (vegetation), Generalist and specialist species, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, horizontal beta diversity, functional groups, feeding habits, Structure de la population, Formicidae, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, colony size, canopy, Panama, ant diversity, Ecology, nesting mode, Understory, 15. Life on land, vertical stratification, Geography, Organisation, L20 - Écologie animale, ant sampling 88methods, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Forêt humide, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract: International audience; Ants are a major ecological group in tropical rainforests. Few studies in the Neotropics have documented the distribution of ants from the ground to the canopy, and none have included the understorey. A previous analysis of an intensive arthropod study in Panama, involving 11 sampling methods, showed that the factors influencing ant β diversity (i.e., changes in assemblage composition) were, in decreasing order of importance, the vertical (height), temporal (season), and horizontal (geographic distance) dimensions. In the present study, we went one step further and aimed (1) to identify the best sampling methods to study the entire ant assemblage across the three strata, (2) to test if all strata show a similar horizontal β diversity and (3) to analyze the functional structure of the entire ant assemblage. We identified 405 ant species from 11 subfamilies and 68 genera. Slightly more species were sampled in the canopy than on the ground; they belonged to distinct sub-assemblages. The understorey fauna was mainly a mixture of species found in the other two strata. The horizontal β diversity between sites was similar for the three strata. About half of the ant species foraged in two (29%) or three (25%) strata. A single method, aerial flight interception traps placed alongside tree trunks, acting as arboreal pitfall traps, collected half of the species and reflected the vertical stratification. Using the functional traits approach, we observed that generalist species with mid-sized colonies were by far the most numerous (31%), followed by ground- or litter-dwelling species, either specialists (20%), or generalists (16%), and arboreal species, either generalists (19%) or territorially dominant (8%), and finally army ants (5%). Our results reinforce the idea that a proper understanding of the functioning of ant assemblages requires the inclusion of arboreal ants in survey programs.
Published: 2021

21. Ecological consequences of consecutive river damming for three groups of bioindicators

Author: Héctor Rodríguez-Pérez, Christophe Piscart, Stéphanie Massé, Jean-Marc Roussel, Laura Pellan, Caroline Gorzerino, Marion Chorin, Alexandrine Pannard, Guillaume Bouger, Ecosystèmes, biodiversité, évolution [Rennes] (ECOBIO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), Écologie et santé des écosystèmes (ESE), AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), UMS 3343 (OSU), Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR), The Agence de l’Eau Seine-Normandie funded the projects 'Bio-monitoring' and 'RESTAURE' AESN-CNRS n° 10533864-1 and 1085108-2019., Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-INSTITUT AGRO Agrocampus Ouest, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Pôle OFB-INRAE-Institut Agro-UPPA pour la gestion des migrateurs amphihalins dans leur environnement (MIAME), and Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour (UPPA)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Office français de la biodiversité (OFB)-Institut Agro Rennes Angers
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Metacommunity, River ecosystem, Water flow, Benthic invertebrate, General Decision Sciences, Phytobenthos, Biology, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, 14. Life underwater, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, QH540-549.5, Invertebrate, Diversity, Ecology, Dam, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Lake ecosystem, Community structure, 15. Life on land, Benthic zone, Phytoplankton, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Biological dispersal
Abstract: International audience; We studied three commonly used bioindicator groups: phytoplankton, phytobenthos and benthic invertebrate communities’ structure patterns in transitions between lotic and lentic habitats as consequences of two consecutive large dams constructed in the early twentieth century on the intermediate reach of a lowland river in Normandy (NW, France), the Selune. According to sampling station position along the river, including two in the two reservoir lakes, we defined three sorts of transitions, from upstream to downstream: lentic to lotic transition (hereafter len-lot), lentic to lentic transition (hereafter len-len), within the two reservoir lakes, and lentic to lotic transition (hereafter len-lot).Lot-len transition, imposed by damming, and the recovery of lotic character of the river afterward dams, promoted different diversity patterns for the studied organisms’ groups. Phytobenthos’ α diversity significantly incresed in the len-lot transition, and the highest β diversity score was observed in the lot-len. Both, habitat conditions and spatial controls drove phytobenthos community structure. Benthic invertebrate community was mainly shaped by habitat conditions. Invertebrate’s α diversity significantly changed in the lot-len and len-lot transitions, with the β diversity score being the highest in the lot-len transition. Community’s traits composition of invertebrates best fitted predictions on lotic- and lentic- type communities. Phytoplankton’s α diversity remained unchanged in the transitions and subsequently β diversity scores were low.According to the results, we proposed three classes of organisms based on their response to river damming: i) organisms indifferent or tolerant to dams effect, like phytoplankton communities in this study, that were neither hampered by changes in water flow velocity, and did not display dispersal limitation neither; ii) organisms sensitive to habitat conditions shift but not limited in their dispersal capacity by the dam, like benthic invertebrates and phytobenthos in this study. Benthic invertebrate community and phytobenthos communities differed in their response likely due to their differential dispersal capabilities and niche breadth; iii) organisms limited in their dispersal by the dam, not represented in this study.Riverine organisms best tracked transitions, while β diversity assessment revealed as the most useful metric to disentangle the relative contribution of dispersal limitation or habitat modification provoked by multiple dams.
Published: 2021

22. Peatland microhabitat heterogeneity drives phototrophic microbe distribution and photosynthetic activity

Author: Régis Céréghino, Martin Küttim, Samuel Hamard, Vincent E. J. Jassey, Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement (ECOLAB), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement (LEFE), Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT), and ANR-17-CE01-0007,MIXOPEAT,Repenser le cycle du carbone des tourbières : identifier le rôle des protistes mixotrophes dans la pompe à carbone biologique(2017)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Microbial diversity, Peat, Algae, Peatland, Soil carbon uptake, Forests, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Microbiology, Sphagnum, [SDV.MP.PRO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Protistology, Soil, [SDV.EE.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Ecosystems, Sphagnopsida, Dominance (ecology), Photosynthesis, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Soil Microbiology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Abiotic component, Biomass (ecology), biology, Phototroph, Ecology, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Soil carbon, Carbon cycle, Phototrophs, 15. Life on land, biology.organism_classification, Light intensity, 13. Climate action, Metabarcoding, Primary productivity
Abstract: Phototrophic microbes are widespread in soils, but their contribution to soil carbon (C) uptake remains underexplored in most terrestrial systems, including C-accreting systems such as peatlands. Here, by means of metabarcoding and ecophysiological measurements, we examined how microbial photosynthesis and its biotic (e.g., phototrophic community structure, biomass) and abiotic drivers (e.g., Sphagnum moisture, light intensity) vary across peatland microhabitats. Using a natural gradient of microhabitat conditions from pool to forest, we show that the structure of phototrophic microbial communities shifted from a dominance of eukaryotes in pools to prokaryotes in forests. We identified five groups of co-occurring phototrophic operational taxonomic units with specific environmental preferences across the gradient. Along with such structural changes, we found that microbial C uptake was the highest in the driest and shadiest microhabitats. This study renews and improves current views on phototrophic microbes in peatlands, as the contribution of microbial photosynthesis to peatland C uptake has essentially been studied in wet microhabitats.
Published: 2021

23. Anthropogenic and climate impacts on subarctic forests in the Nain region, Nunatsiavut: Dendroecological and historical approaches

Author: Ann Delwaide, James Woollett, Dominique Marguerie, Isabel Lemus-Lauzon, Najat Bhiry, Natasha Roy, Université du Québec à Montréal = University of Québec in Montréal (UQAM), Université Laval [Québec] (ULaval), Ecosystèmes, biodiversité, évolution [Rennes] (ECOBIO), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC)Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC), Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada (SSHRC)Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada (SSHRC)CGIAR, Fonds de recherche du Quebec -Societe et culture (FRQSC), Fonds de recherche du Quebec - Nature et technologies (FRQNT), Agence nationale de la Recherche (ANR France, InterArct)French National Research Agency (ANR), ENCHAINEC project of the French Polar Institute Paul-Emile Victor (IPEV), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), and Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)
Subjects: Palynology, 010506 paleontology, Dendrochronology, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Ecology, Macrofossil, 15. Life on land, 01 natural sciences, Subarctic climate, growth release, Nunatsiavut, Geography, 13. Climate action, population growth, Nain, 14. Life underwater, Physical geography, historical approaches, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract: International audience; Several recent dendrochronological, macrofossil and palynological studies have surveyed modern spruce forests at multiple locations in the Nain region of coastal Nunatsiavut (north-central Labrador) in order to reconstruct past forest composition, growth rates, species diversity and harvesting patterns. The present paper synthesizes original and previously collected data to evaluate the extent to which the dynamics of the region's spruce forests over the past five centuries have been related to anthropogenic impacts. In three key case studies, Picea growth release events demonstrate multiple isolated forest disturbances prior to the late 19th century. In general, these events correspond to the local human settlement history rather than to regional climatic trends, suggesting that ongoing human impacts on the forest extend as far back as the 17th century. Disturbance regimes accelerated by ca 1875 and afterward in all of the study sites. This increase in forest disturbance corresponds to increased demands for wood triggered by socio-economic changes experienced by the region's Inuit and Settler communities. Ongoing surveys demonstrate the presence of markers of human exploitation of forests throughout the study region, and especially in coastal locations, suggesting that anthropogenic impacts are in fact generalised and not limited to specific areas of recent settlement.
Published: 2021

24. Editorial: Microbial Landscape Ecology: Highlights on the Invisible Corridors

Author: Cendrine Mony, Brendan J. M. Bohannan, Kabir G. Peay, Mathew A. Leibold, Philippe Vandenkoornhuyse, Ecosystèmes, biodiversité, évolution [Rennes] (ECOBIO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), University of Oregon [Eugene], University of Florida [Gainesville] (UF), Stanford University, National Science Foundation, NSF: 2025118, Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), CNRS EC2CO, Agence Française pour la Biodiversité (project AGRIM), project AGRIM (AFB), and Program EC2CO CNRS
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Metacommunity, landscape ecology, metacommunity, Ecology, Evolution, spatial ecology, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, [SDV.MP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology, Geography, Spatial ecology, QH359-425, Landscape ecology, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, assembly rule, microorganisms, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, QH540-549.5, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract: International audience; [No abstract available]
Published: 2021

25. A multiscale analysis of landscape resistance reveals genetic isolates in an endangered forest-specialist species the Barbary macaque (Macaca sylvanus)

Author: Dominique Vallet, Eric J. Petit, Mohamed Qarro, Aude Ernoult, Yann Rantier, Pascaline Le Gouar, Stéphane Dréano, Nelly Ménard, Ecosystèmes, biodiversité, évolution [Rennes] (ECOBIO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), Station Biologique de Paimpont CNRS UMR 6653 (OSUR), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Écologie et santé des écosystèmes (ESE), AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Institut de Génétique et Développement de Rennes (IGDR), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), Ecole Nationale Forestière d'Ingénieurs du Maroc [Salé] (ENFI), contrat 'Service Provincial des Eaux et Forêts d'Ifrane(Maroc)/University of Rennes 1', Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Rennes (UR), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-INSTITUT AGRO Agrocampus Ouest, and Université de Rennes (UR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique )
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Primate conservation, Population, Endangered species, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Macaque, Landscape genetics, 03 medical and health sciences, biology.animal, Genetic erosion, education, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, 030304 developmental biology, Nature and Landscape Conservation, Isolation by distance, Isolation by resistance, 0303 health sciences, education.field_of_study, biology, Ecology, Macaca sylvanus, Landscape heterogeneity, Dispersal, 15. Life on land, biology.organism_classification, Gene flow, Genetic structure, Biological dispersal, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology
Abstract: International audience; In forest-specialist mammals, forest loss may induce resistance to animal movement and reduce gene flow between populations, and thereby increase genetic erosion and extinction risks for populations. Understanding how landscape features affect gene flow is of critical importance for conservation. Using landscape genetic tools at multiple spatial scales, we assessed the effects of landscape heterogeneity (in particular the presence of wide open or rural habitats) on gene flow in an endangered forest-specialist species – the Barbary macaque (Macaca sylvanus) –, in its major forest site in Morocco. We genotyped 248 individuals from 23 macaque groups using 11 microsatellite loci. We modelled different scenarios of isolation by landscape resistance. We further tested the relationships between genetic distance and isolation by resistance, after controlling for the effect of isolation by distance. Our results revealed a significant genetic structure and a disruption of gene flow even in geographic proximity. Whatever the spatial scale, remoteness from the forest edge beyond 1km acted as a barrier to macaque movements. In addition, at a fine scale, human-dominated areas were also detected as a barrier. The detection of private alleles in each population suggests an ongoing process of isolation. The preservation of the Barbary macaque implies 1) strictly avoiding all silvicultural practices (in particular clear-cutting of holm oak forests) that could contribute to increase distances between forest patches, 2) restoring corridors between forests, 3) and preserving key small forest patches as potential stepping stones facilitating macaque dispersal.
Published: 2021

26. The drivers of vine-plant root microbiota endosphere composition include both abiotic and plant-specific factors

Author: Cendrine Mony, Achim Quaiser, Philippe Vandenkoornhuyse, Sabrina Pernet, Marine Biget, Olivier Jambon, Véronique Chable, Marc Aubry, Ecosystèmes, biodiversité, évolution [Rennes] (ECOBIO), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UMS 3343 (OSU), Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Biodiversité agroécologie et aménagement du paysage (UMR BAGAP), Ecole supérieure d'Agricultures d'Angers (ESA)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-INSTITUT AGRO Agrocampus Ouest, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), This work was supported by the \'Agence Nationale de la Recherche et de la Technologie' (ANRT) through an industrial CIFRE agreement between Château Palmer, Château Latour, Sovivins, Pépinière de Salettes and the University of Rennes 1 (Agreement N° 2017/1579)., Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), AGROCAMPUS OUEST, and Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Ecole supérieure d'Agricultures d'Angers (ESA)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)
Subjects: 2. Zero hunger, Abiotic component, root microbiota, Vine, Rhizosphere, Ecology, Bulk soil, Botany, Edaphic, Agriculture, 15. Life on land, Horticulture, Biology, vineyard, Vineyard, plant-specific factors, endosphere, environmental factors, QK1-989, Cultivar, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, small scales, Food Science, Terroir
Abstract: International audience; Microorganisms associated with plants are determinant for their fitness, but also in the case of vine grapes, for the quality and quantity of the wine. Plant microbiota is, however highly variable in space despite deterministic recruitment from the soil reservoir. Therefore, understanding the drivers that shape this microbiota is a key issue. Most studies that have analysed microorganisms associated with vines have been conducted at large scales (e.g., over 100 km) and have analysed the bulk soil and the rhizosphere. In this study, we focused on the root-microbiota endosphere, the most intimate fraction of microorganisms associated with plants. We sampled vine roots in 37 fields distributed throughout a vineyard to investigate drivers shaping the grapevine microbiota at the alpha-(i.e., within-field) and gamma-(i.e., between-field) diversity scales. We demonstrated that vine endospheric microbiota differed according to both the edaphic and plant-specific parameters including cultivar type and age. This work supports the idea of an existing microbial terroir occurring within a domain and offers a new perspective for winemakers to include the microbial terroir in their management practices.
Published: 2021

27. Rapid shifts in Arctic tundra species' distributions and inter‐specific range overlap under future climate change

Author: Niels Martin Schmidt, Sophia V. Hansson, Larissa T. Beumer, Floris M. van Beest, Asbjørn S. Andersen, Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement (ECOLAB), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement (LEFE), Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), and Université de Toulouse (UT)
Subjects: IMPACTS, 0106 biological sciences, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, PREDICTION, Range (biology), Climate change, Arctic vertebrates, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, MaxEnt, species distribution models, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Ecology, 15. Life on land, Future climate, TRENDS, Tundra, Eltonian Noise Hypothesis, climate change, BIAS, 13. Climate action, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Environmental science, BIODIVERSITY, Physical geography, inter-specific range overlap, COMMUNITIES, RESPONSES
Abstract: Aim: The Arctic is one of the planet's most rapidly warming regions, with trends expected to intensify in the future. Projections of shifts in species distributional ranges under future climate change are thus far lacking for most vertebrate species using the Arctic tundra. Our aim was to assess possible climate-induced changes in distributional ranges and inter-specific overlap of an Arctic species assemblage within the world's largest land-based protected area. Location: During 1979–2013 location data of eight Arctic birds and mammals, Arctic fox (Vulpes lagopus), Arctic hare (Lepus arcticus), Arctic wolf (Canis lupus arctos), muskox (Ovibos moschatus), polar bear (Ursus maritimus), rock ptarmigan (Lagopus muta), snow bunting (Plectrophenax nivalis) and snowy owl (Bubo scandiacus) were collected in the Northeast Greenland National Park. Methods: The maximum entropy (MaxEnt) algorithm and Schoener's D niche overlap index were used to assess shifts and changes in overlap of species-specific distributions under recent (1979–2013) and future (2061–2080; representative concentration pathways [RCPs] 2.6, 4.5 and 8.5) bioclimatic conditions. Results: Species distributions were projected to shift northward and upwards across all scenarios, and at higher rates than previously reported. Future distributions were also forecasted to become spatially less clustered and to expand in size for all species. Species-specific shifts in distribution ranges altered inter-specific overlap, most notably by an increase in overlap under scenario RCP 8.5. Main conclusions: The rapid shifts in distribution ranges detected here underline that climate change impacts are most pronounced in areas with higher levels of warming, leading to accelerated shifts in species’ ranges towards the poles. However, the concomitant range expansions we found may suggest that future climatic conditions in north-east Greenland may not have such a detrimental impact on the distribution of cold-adapted species as generally expected, at least in the near future.
Published: 2021

28. Exposure to foreign gut microbiota can facilitate rapid dietary shifts

Author: Adam M. Fisher, Anne Lizé, Andrea D Dewhurst, Chloe Heys, Zenobia Lewis, University of Liverpool, Staffordshire University, Ecosystèmes, biodiversité, évolution [Rennes] (ECOBIO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), Biologie des Organismes et Ecosystèmes Aquatiques (BOREA), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and NE/L002450/1, Natural Environment Research Council
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Dietary Fiber, Evolution, Science, Ecology (disciplines), Niche, Zoology, Gut flora, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, digestive system, Article, 03 medical and health sciences, Feces, Dietary Fats, Unsaturated, Animals, Drosophila, Organism, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, Multidisciplinary, biology, Ecology, Mechanism (biology), fungi, digestive, oral, and skin physiology, food and beverages, biology.organism_classification, Diet, Gastrointestinal Microbiome, Colonisation, Food resources, Medicine, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology
Abstract: Dietary niche is fundamental for determining species ecology; thus, a detailed understanding of what drives variation in dietary niche is vital for predicting ecological shifts and could have implications for species management. Gut microbiota can be important for determining an organism’s dietary preference, and therefore which food resources they are likely to exploit. Evidence for whether the composition of the gut microbiota is plastic in response to changes in diet is mixed. Also, the extent to which dietary preference can be changed following colonisation by new gut microbiota from different species is unknown. Here, we use Drosophila spp. to show that: (1) the composition of an individual’s gut microbiota can change in response to dietary changes, and (2) ingestion of foreign gut microbes can cause individuals to be attracted to food types they previously had a strong aversion to. Thus, we expose a mechanism for facilitating rapid shifts in dietary niche over short evolutionary timescales.
Published: 2021

29. Belowground effects of deer in a temperate forest are time-dependent

Author: Morgane Maillard, Susan J. Grayston, Léna Simon, Catriona Catomeris, Jean-Louis Martin, Simon Chollet, Centre d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive (CEFE), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro - Montpellier SupAgro, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Ecosystèmes, biodiversité, évolution [Rennes] (ECOBIO), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of British Columbia (UBC), Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, NSERC, University of British Columbia, UBC, MitacsParks Canada, Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), and Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law, Biology, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Prokaryotic communities, Ecosystem, Vegetation shift, Above-belowground interactions, Aboveground herbivores, Nature and Landscape Conservation, Herbivore, Ecology, Temperate forest, Forestry, Vegetation, 15. Life on land, 13. Climate action, Trampling, Soil compaction, Soil water, Soil properties, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Temperate rainforest, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract: International audience; The past century witnessed a dramatic increase in deer abundance in North America, Western Europe, and Japan, that triggered profound changes in the vegetation structure of temperate forests. Considering the effects large herbivores can have on soil properties and organisms, it is likely that such increased deer abundance will have consequences belowground. Current studies in temperate forests, however, found inconsistent results regarding the effect of deer on soils within, and across, ecosystems. These inconsistencies may be the result of a time-dependent response of the soil to deer presence. Short-term belowground modifications may reflect the direct interactions of deer on soil (i.e. trampling and waste deposition), while long-term belowground modifications may reflect both direct and indirect effects of deer on soil (e.g. through vegetation shifts). To test these ideas, we measured the effects of deer on soil properties and prokaryotic communities in the temperate forests of Haida Gwaii, Canada. We compared three complementary systems varying in duration of deer presence or exclusion, so as to be able to assess the short- (before and after a deer cull), intermediate- (inside vs. outside deer exclosures) and long- (comparing islands with and without deer) term effects of deer, respectively. We found no change in soil physical and chemical properties and in prokaryotic community structure after one year of deer removal. Twenty years of deer exclusion significantly reduced soil compaction but had no effect on soil prokaryotic community structure. Over 70 years of deer presence significantly correlated with: increased soil compaction, reduced total soil phosphorus content and soil prokaryotic diversity, and modified soil prokaryotic community structure and composition. Such effects of deer on the soil may have consequences for nutrient cycling. Revealing the belowground effects of deer in temperate forests, therefore, requires long-term studies, longer than most of those currently available in the literature. © 2021 Elsevier B.V.
Published: 2021

30. Invasiones biologicas en Francia: Alarmantes costos y lagunas de conocimiento aun mas alarmantes

Author: Christophe Diagne, Boris Leroy, Liliana Ballesteros-Mejia, Eléna Manfrini, Elena Angulo, David Renault, Franck Courchamp, Ecosystèmes, biodiversité, évolution [Rennes] (ECOBIO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), Ministère de l'Education nationale, de l’Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche (M.E.N.E.S.R.), Ecologie Systématique et Evolution (ESE), AgroParisTech-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Biologie des Organismes et Ecosystèmes Aquatiques (BOREA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), French National Research Agency (ANR) [ANR-14-CE02-0021], BNP-Paribas Foundation Climate Initiative, AXA Research Fund Chair of Invasion Biology, BiodivERsA, BiodivERsA-Belmont Forum Project \'Alien Scenarios\' [BMBF/PT DLR 01LC1807C], ASICS project [ANR20-EBI5-0004], French Polar Institute Paul-Emile Victor (Project IPEV 136 'Subanteco'), ANR-14-CE02-0021,InvaCosts,Insectes envahissants et leurs couts pour la biodiversité, l'économie et la santé humaine(2014), Université Paris-Saclay, Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR), and Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, InvaCost, QH301-705.5, exotic, andnbsp, Plant Science, Aquatic Science, nonindigenous, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, non-native, non-indigenous, Biology (General), economic threat, damage costs, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, invasive alien species, Ecology, management costs, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Ecological Modeling, 15. Life on land, Geography, Insect Science, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Animal Science and Zoology, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology
Abstract: The ever-increasing number of introduced species profoundly threatens global biodiversity. While the ecological and evolutionary consequences of invasive alien species are receiving increasing attention, their economic impacts have largely remained understudied, especially in France. Here, we aimed at providing a general overview of the monetary losses (damages caused by) and expenditures (management of) associated with invasive alien species in France. This country has a long history of alien species presence, partly due to its long-standing global trade activities, highly developed tourism, and presence of overseas territories in different regions of the globe, resulting in a conservative minimum of 2,750 introduced and invasive alien species. By synthesizing for the first time the monetary losses and expenditures incurred by invasive alien species in Metropolitan France and French overseas territories, we obtained 1,583 cost records for 98 invasive alien species. We found that they caused a conservative total amount ranging between US$ 1,280 million and 11,535 million in costs over the period 1993–2018. We extrapolated costs for species invading France, for which costs were reported in other countries but not in France, which yielded an additional cost ranging from US$ 151 to 3,030 millions. Damage costs were nearly eight times higher than management expenditure. Insects, and in particular the Asian tiger mosquito Aedes albopictus and the yellow fever mosquito Ae. aegypti, totalled very high economic costs, followed by non-graminoid terrestrial flowering and aquatic plants (Ambrosia artemisiifolia, Ludwigia sp. and Lagarosiphon major). Over 90% of alien species currently recorded in France had no costs reported in the literature, resulting in high biases in taxonomic, regional and activity sector coverages. To conclude, we report alarming costs and even more alarming knowledge gaps. Our results should raise awareness of the importance of biosecurity and biosurveillance in France, and beyond, as well as the crucial need for better reporting and documentation of cost data.
Published: 2021

31. Economic costs of invasive alien species across Europe

Author: Anna J. Turbelin, Franck Courchamp, Melina Kourantidou, Marina Golivets, Phillip J. Haubrock, César Capinha, Nigel G. Taylor, Liliana Ballesteros-Mejia, Natalia Kirichenko, Elena Angulo, Ana Novoa, Franz Essl, Thomas W. Bodey, Boris Leroy, Christophe Diagne, David Renault, Laura N. H. Verbrugge, Ross N. Cuthbert, Repositório da Universidade de Lisboa, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters [University of South Bohemia], University of South Bohemia, Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum [Frankfurt], Senckenberg – Leibniz Institution for Biodiversity and Earth System Research - Senckenberg Gesellschaft für Naturforschung, Leibniz Association-Leibniz Association, Ecologie Systématique et Evolution (ESE), AgroParisTech-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research [Kiel] (GEOMAR), Queen's University [Belfast] (QUB), Czech Academy of Sciences [Prague] (CAS), Institut de recherche de la Tour du Valat, University of Aberdeen, University of Exeter, Universidade Nova de Lisboa = NOVA University Lisbon (NOVA), University of Vienna [Vienna], Helmholtz Zentrum für Umweltforschung = Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research (UFZ), Siberian Federal University (SibFU), V.N. Sukachev Institute of Forest, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (SB RAS), University of Southern Denmark (SDU), Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI), Biologie des Organismes et Ecosystèmes Aquatiques (BOREA), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA), Ecosystèmes, biodiversité, évolution [Rennes] (ECOBIO), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), Ministère de l'Education nationale, de l’Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche (M.E.N.E.S.R.), Aalto University, Helsingin yliopisto = Helsingfors universitet = University of Helsinki, French National Research Agency (ANR) [ANR-14-CE02-0021], BNP-Paribas Foundation Climate Initiative, AXA Research Fund Chair of Invasion Biology, BiodivERsA, EXPRO (Czech Science Foundation) [19-28807X], Czech Academy of SciencesCzech Academy of Sciences [RVO 67985939], Portuguese National Funds through Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia [CEECIND/02037/2017, UIDB/00295/2020, UIDP/00295/2020], Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie grant [747120], BiodivERsA-Belmont Forum Project \'Alien Scenarios\' [BMBF/PT DLR 01LC1807C], Russian Foundation for Basic ResearchRussian Foundation for Basic Research (RFBR) [19-04-01029-A], Sukachev Institute of Forest SB RAS [0287-2021-0011], AXA Research Fund Chair of Invasion Biology of University Paris Saclay, Belmont-Forum call 2018 on biodiversity scenarios, Russian Foundation for Basic Research (RFBR) [19-04-01029-A], ANR-14-CE02-0021,InvaCosts,Insectes envahissants et leurs couts pour la biodiversité, l'économie et la santé humaine(2014), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), University of Helsinki, Senckenberg Gesellschaft für Naturforschung, Université Paris-Saclay, Queen's University Belfast, Czech Academy of Sciences, Research Institute for the Conservation of Mediterranean Wetlands, Universidade de Lisboa, University of Vienna, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, RAS - Sukachev Institute of Forest, Siberian Branch, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Unite Biologie des Organismes et Ecosystemes Aquatiques, University of Rennes 1, Water and Environmental Eng., Department of Built Environment, Aalto-yliopisto, Helsinki Institute of Sustainability Science (HELSUS), and Department of Forest Sciences
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Czech, InvaCost, QH301-705.5, Library science, Plant Science, Alien, Aquatic Science, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, monetary impacts, Economic cost, Agency (sociology), non-native biota, media_common.cataloged_instance, European Union, Biology (General), European union, Socio-economic correlates, Alien species, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, biodiversity, media_common, SDG 15 - Life on Land, socio-economic correlates, Ecology, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Ecological Modeling, Biodiversity, language.human_language, Non-native biota, Bodiversity, Insect Science, Monetary impacts, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, language, 511 Economics, Animal Science and Zoology, Portuguese, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Literature survey, Socioeconomic sectors, monetary impact, socioeconomic sectors
Abstract: Funding Information: The authors acknowledge the French National Research Agency (ANR-14-CE02-0021) and the BNP-Paribas Foundation Climate Initiative for funding the InvaCost project that allowed the construction of the InvaCost database. The present work was conducted following a workshop funded by the AXA Research Fund Chair of Invasion Biology and is part of the AlienScenario project funded by BiodivERsA and Belmont-Forum call 2018 on biodiversity scenarios. AN acknowledges funding from EXPRO grant no. 19-28807X (Czech Science Foundation) and long-term research development project RVO 67985939 (The Czech Academy of Sciences). CC was supported by Portuguese National Funds through Fundation para a Ci?ncia e a Tecnologia (CEECIND/02037/2017; UIDB/00295/2020 and UIDP/00295/2020). RNC was funded by a research fellowship from the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation. TWB acknowledges funding from the European Union?s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Sk?odowska-Curie grant no. 747120. MG and CD were funded by the BiodivERsA-Belmont Forum Project ?Alien Scenarios? (BMBF/PT DLR 01LC1807C). NK was partially supported by the Russian Federationn Foundation for Basic Research (grant no.19-04-01029-A) [national literature survey] and the basic project of Sukachev Institute of Forest SB RAS (project no. 0287-2021-0011) [InvaCost database contribution]. DR thanks InEE-CNRS who supports the network GdR 3647 ?Invasions Biologiques?. Funds for AJT, EA and LBM contracts come from the AXA Research Fund Chair of Invasion Biology of University Paris Saclay. BL, DR and FC are French agents (affiliated, respectively, to the Mus?um National d?Histoire Naturelle, University of Rennes and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique); their salaries, for which they are grateful, are typically not accounted for in assessment of costs on biological invasions. At last, the authors want to express their thanks for the translation of the abstract to other European languages, namely to Paride Balzani, Antonin Kouba, Sandra Hodic, and ROS Educational Consultancy Ltd & Garnock Media Ltd
Published: 2021

32. Effects of Climate and Atmospheric Nitrogen Deposition on Early to Mid-Term Stage Litter Decomposition Across Biomes

Author: TaeOh Kwon, Hideaki Shibata, Sebastian Kepfer-Rojas, Inger K. Schmidt, Klaus S. Larsen, Claus Beier, Björn Berg, Kris Verheyen, Jean-Francois Lamarque, Frank Hagedorn, Nico Eisenhauer, Ika Djukic, TeaComposition Network, Inger Kappel Schmidt, Klaus Steenberg Larsen, Jean Francois Lamarque, Adriano Caliman, Alain Paquette, Alba Gutiérrez-Girón, Alessandro Petraglia, Algirdas Augustaitis, Amélie Saillard, Ana Carolina Ruiz-Fernández, Ana I. Sousa, Ana I. Lillebø, Anderson da Rocha Gripp, Andrea Lamprecht, Andreas Bohner, André-Jean Francez, Andrey Malyshev, Andrijana Andrić, Angela Stanisci, Anita Zolles, Anna Avila, Anna-Maria Virkkala, Anne Probst, Annie Ouin, Anzar A. Khuroo, Arne Verstraeten, Artur Stefanski, Aurora Gaxiola, Bart Muys, Beatriz Gozalo, Bernd Ahrends, Bo Yang, Brigitta Erschbamer, Carmen Eugenia Rodríguez Ortíz, Casper T. Christiansen, Céline Meredieu, Cendrine Mony, Charles Nock, Chiao-Ping Wang, Christel Baum, Christian Rixen, Christine Delire, Christophe Piscart, Christopher Andrews, Corinna Rebmann, Cristina Branquinho, Dick Jan, Dirk Wundram, Dušanka Vujanović, E. Carol Adair, Eduardo Ordóñez-Regil, Edward R. Crawford, Elena F. Tropina, Elisabeth Hornung, Elli Groner, Eric Lucot, Esperança Gacia, Esther Lévesque, Evanilde Benedito, Evgeny A. Davydov, Fábio Padilha Bolzan, Fernando T. Maestre, Florence Maunoury-Danger, Florian Kitz, Florian Hofhansl, Flurin Sutter, Francisco de Almeida Lobo, Franco Leadro Souza, Franz Zehetner, Fulgence Kouamé Koffi, Georg Wohlfahrt, Giacomo Certini, Gisele Daiane Pinha, Grizelle González, Guylaine Canut, Harald Pauli, Héctor A. Bahamonde, Heike Feldhaar, Heinke Jäger, Helena Cristina Serrano, Hélène Verheyden, Helge Bruelheide, Henning Meesenburg, Hermann Jungkunst, Hervé Jactel, Hiroko Kurokawa, Ian Yesilonis, Inara Melece, Inge van Halder, Inmaculada García Quirós, István Fekete, Ivika Ostonen, Jana Borovská, Javier Roales, Jawad Hasan Shoqeir, Jean-Christophe Lata, Jean-Luc Probst, Jeyanny Vijayanathan, Jiri Dolezal, Joan-Albert Sanchez-Cabeza, Joël Merlet, John Loehr, Jonathan von Oppen, Jörg Löffler, José Luis Benito Alonso, José-Gilberto Cardoso-Mohedano, Josep Peñuelas, Joseph C. Morina, Juan Darío Quinde, Juan J. Jiménez, Juha M. Alatalo, Julia Seeber, Julia Kemppinen, Jutta Stadler, Kaie Kriiska, Karel Van den Meersche, Karibu Fukuzawa, Katalin Szlavecz, Katalin Juhos, Katarína Gerhátová, Kate Lajtha, Katie Jennings, Katja Tielbörger, Kazuhiko Hoshizaki, Ken Green, Klaus Steinbauer, Laryssa Pazianoto, Laura Dienstbach, Laura Yahdjian, Laura J. Williams, Laurel Brigham, Lee Hanna, Liesbeth van den Brink, Lindsey Rustad, Lourdes Morillas, Luciana Silva Carneiro, Luciano Di Martino, Luis Villar, Luísa Alícida Fernandes Tavares, Madison Morley, Manuela Winkler, Marc Lebouvier, Marcello Tomaselli, Marcus Schaub, Maria Glushkova, Maria Guadalupe Almazan Torres, Marie-Anne de Graaff, Marie-Noëlle Pons, Marijn Bauters, Marina Mazón, Mark Frenzel, Markus Wagner, Markus Didion, Maroof Hamid, Marta Lopes, Martha Apple, Martin Weih, Matej Mojses, Matteo Gualmini, Matthew Vadeboncoeur, Michael Bierbaumer, Michael Danger, Michael Scherer-Lorenzen, Michal Růžek, Michel Isabellon, Michele Di Musciano, Michele Carbognani, Miglena Zhiyanski, Mihai Puşcaş, Milan Barna, Mioko Ataka, Miska Luoto, Mohammed H. Alsafaran, Nadia Barsoum, Naoko Tokuchi, Nathalie Korboulewsky, Nicolas Lecomte, Nina Filippova, Norbert Hölzel, Olga Ferlian, Oscar Romero, Osvaldo Pinto-Jr, Pablo Peri, Pavel Dan Turtureanu, Peter Haase, Peter Macreadie, Peter B. Reich, Petr Petřík, Philippe Choler, Pierre Marmonier, Quentin Ponette, Rafael Dettogni Guariento, Rafaella Canessa, Ralf Kiese, Rebecca Hewitt, Robert Weigel, Róbert Kanka, Roberto Cazzolla Gatti, Rodrigo Lemes Martins, Romà Ogaya, Romain Georges, Rosario G. Gavilán, Sally Wittlinger, Sara Puijalon, Satoshi Suzuki, Schädler Martin, Schmidt Anja, Sébastien Gogo, Silvio Schueler, Simon Drollinger, Simone Mereu, Sonja Wipf, Stacey Trevathan-Tackett, Stefan Stoll, Stefan Löfgren, Stefan Trogisch, Steffen Seitz, Stephan Glatzel, Susanna Venn, Sylvie Dousset, Taiki Mori, Takanori Sato, Takuo Hishi, Tatsuro Nakaji, Theurillat Jean-Paul, Thierry Camboulive, Thomas Spiegelberger, Thomas Scholten, Thomas J. Mozdzer, Till Kleinebecker, Tomáš Rusňák, Tshililo Ramaswiela, Tsutom Hiura, Tsutomu Enoki, Tudor-Mihai Ursu, Umberto Morra di Cella, Ute Hamer, Valentin Klaus, Valter Di Cecco, Vanessa Rego, Veronika Fontana, Veronika Piscová, Vincent Bretagnolle, Vincent Maire, Vinicius Farjalla, Vittoz Pascal, Wenjun Zhou, Wentao Luo, William Parker, Yasuhiro Utsumi, Yuji Kominami, Zsolt Kotroczó, Zsolt Tóth, Field Science Center for Northern Biosphere, Hokkaido University [Sapporo, Japan], Department of Geosciences and Natural Resource Management [Copenhagen] (IGN), Faculty of Science [Copenhagen], University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (KU)-University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (KU), Department of Forest Sciences [Helsinki], Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry [Helsinki], University of Helsinki-University of Helsinki, Department of Forest and Water Management, Forest & Nature Lab, Universiteit Gent = Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT), National Center for Atmospheric Research [Boulder] (NCAR), Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv), Institute of Biology, Leipzig University, Ecosystèmes, biodiversité, évolution [Rennes] (ECOBIO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), Zone Atelier du Bassin de la Moselle [LTSER France] (ZAM), Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement (ECOLAB), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Ecosystèmes forestiers (UR EFNO), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Équipe 3 - Écologie, Évolution, Écosystemes Souterrains (E3S), Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), Ministère de l'Education nationale, de l’Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche (M.E.N.E.S.R.)-Ministère de l'Education nationale, de l’Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche (M.E.N.E.S.R.)-Laboratoire d'Ecologie des Hydrosystèmes Naturels et Anthropisés (LEHNA), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-École Nationale des Travaux Publics de l'État (ENTPE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-École Nationale des Travaux Publics de l'État (ENTPE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ZABR UMR 5023 VILLEURBANNE CEDEX, Partenaires IRSTEA, Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), Équipe 2 - Écologie Végétale et Zones Humides (EVZH), Laboratoire d'Ecologie des Hydrosystèmes Naturels et Anthropisés (LEHNA), Repositório da Universidade de Lisboa, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), University of Helsinki (FINLAND), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Hokkaido University (JAPAN), German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research - iDiv (GERMANY), Universität Leipzig (GERMANY), National Center for Atmospheric Research - NCAR (UNITED STATES), Forschungsanstalt für Wald, Schnee und Landschaft - WSL (SWITZERLAND), Tea composition (SWITZERLAND), Universiteit Gent - UGENT (BELGIUM), University of Copenhagen - UCPH (DENMARK), Laboratoire Ecologie fonctionnelle et Environnement - EcoLab (Toulouse, France), University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (UCPH)-University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (UCPH), Helsingin yliopisto = Helsingfors universitet = University of Helsinki-Helsingin yliopisto = Helsingfors universitet = University of Helsinki, Universiteit Gent = Ghent University (UGENT), Leipzig University, Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement (LEFE), Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT), Unité de recherche Comportement et Ecologie de la Faune Sauvage (CEFS), Muys, Bart, Department of Forest Sciences, Lammi Biological Station, Biological stations, Department of Geosciences and Geography, Helsinki Institute of Sustainability Science (HELSUS), BioGeoClimate Modelling Lab, Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Kwon T., Shibata H., Kepfer-Rojas S., Schmidt I.K., Larsen K.S., Beier C., Berg B., Verheyen K., Lamarque J.-F., Hagedorn F., Eisenhauer N., Djukic I., Caliman A., Paquette A., Gutierrez-Giron A., Petraglia A., Augustaitis A., Saillard A., Ruiz-Fernandez A.C., Sousa A.I., Lillebo A.I., Da Rocha Gripp A., Lamprecht A., Bohner A., Francez A.-J., Malyshev A., Andric A., Stanisci A., Zolles A., Avila A., Virkkala A.-M., Probst A., Ouin A., Khuroo A.A., Verstraeten A., Stefanski A., Gaxiola A., Muys B., Gozalo B., Ahrends B., Yang B., Erschbamer B., Rodriguez Ortiz C.E., Christiansen C.T., Meredieu C., Mony C., Nock C., Wang C.-P., Baum C., Rixen C., Delire C., Piscart C., Andrews C., Rebmann C., Branquinho C., Jan D., Wundram D., Vujanovic D., Adair E.C., Ordonez-Regil E., Crawford E.R., Tropina E.F., Hornung E., Groner E., Lucot E., Gacia E., Levesque E., Benedito E., Davydov E.A., Bolzan F.P., Maestre F.T., Maunoury-Danger F., Kitz F., Hofhansl F., Hofhansl G., De Almeida Lobo F., Souza F.L., Zehetner F., Koffi F.K., Wohlfahrt G., Certini G., Pinha G.D., Gonzlez G., Canut G., Pauli H., Bahamonde H.A., Feldhaar H., Jger H., Serrano H.C., Verheyden H., Bruelheide H., Meesenburg H., Jungkunst H., Jactel H., Kurokawa H., Yesilonis I., Melece I., Van Halder I., Quiros I.G., Fekete I., Ostonen I., Borovsk J., Roales J., Shoqeir J.H., Jean-Christophe Lata J., Probst J.-L., Vijayanathan J., Dolezal J., Sanchez-Cabeza J.-A., Merlet J., Loehr J., Von Oppen J., Loffler J., Benito Alonso J.L., Cardoso-Mohedano J.-G., Penuelas J., Morina J.C., Quinde J.D., Jimnez J.J., Alatalo J.M., Seeber J., Kemppinen J., Stadler J., Kriiska K., Van Den Meersche K., Fukuzawa K., Szlavecz K., Juhos K., Gerhtov K., Lajtha K., Jennings K., Jennings J., Ecology P., Hoshizaki K., Green K., Steinbauer K., Pazianoto L., Dienstbach L., Yahdjian L., Williams L.J., Brigham L., Hanna L., Hanna H., Rustad L., Morillas L., Silva Carneiro L., Di Martino L., Villar L., Fernandes Tavares L.A., Morley M., Winkler M., Lebouvier M., Tomaselli M., Schaub M., Glushkova M., Torres M.G.A., De Graaff M.-A., Pons M.-N., Bauters M., Mazn M., Frenzel M., Wagner M., Didion M., Hamid M., Lopes M., Apple M., Weih M., Mojses M., Gualmini M., Vadeboncoeur M., Bierbaumer M., Danger M., Scherer-Lorenzen M., Ruek M., Isabellon M., Di Musciano M., Carbognani M., Zhiyanski M., Puca M., Barna M., Ataka M., Luoto M., H. Alsafaran M., Barsoum N., Tokuchi N., Korboulewsky N., Lecomte N., Filippova N., Hlzel N., Ferlian O., Romero O., Pinto-Jr O., Peri P., Dan Turtureanu P., Haase P., Macreadie P., Reich P.B., Petk P., Choler P., Marmonier P., Ponette Q., Dettogni Guariento R., Canessa R., Kiese R., Hewitt R., Weigel R., Kanka R., Cazzolla Gatti R., Martins R.L., Ogaya R., Georges R., Gaviln R.G., Wittlinger S., Puijalon S., Suzuki S., Martin S., Anja S., Gogo S., Schueler S., Drollinger S., Mereu S., Wipf S., Trevathan-Tackett S., Stoll S., Lfgren S., Trogisch S., Seitz S., Glatzel S., Venn S., Dousset S., Mori T., Sato T., Hishi T., Nakaji T., Jean-Paul T., Camboulive T., Spiegelberger T., Scholten T., Mozdzer T.J., Kleinebecker T., Runk T., Ramaswiela T., Hiura T., Enoki T., Ursu T.-M., Di Cella U.M., Hamer U., Klaus V., Di Cecco V., Rego V., Fontana V., Piscov V., Bretagnolle V., Maire V., Farjalla V., Pascal V., Zhou W., Luo W., Parker W., Parker P., Kominam Y., Kotrocz Z., and Utsumi Y.
Subjects: 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, tea bag, Green tea, Rooibos tea, litter decomposition, carbon turnover, nitrogen deposition, TeaComposition initiative, Biome, SOIL MICROBIAL COMMUNITIES, tea bag, Green tea, Rooibos tea, litter decomposition, carbon turnover, nitrogen deposition, TeaComposition initiative, Carbon turnover, Nitrogen deposition -TeaComposition initiative, Suelo, Flora Microbiana, 01 natural sciences, [SDU.STU.GC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geochemistry, GE1-350, Ecosistemas Terrestres, Global and Planetary Change, Nutrient Cycling, Té Verde, Nitrogen deposition - TeaComposition initiative, [SDE.IE]Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering, Forestry, Biomas, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Terrestrial ecosystem, [SDV.TOX.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Toxicology/Ecotoxicology, Biologie, Nitrogen, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, [SDV.SA.SDS]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Soil study, Animal science, LEAF, ORGANIC-CARBON, Carbono, RATES, [SDU.STU.HY]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Hydrology, [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment, climate, Escala Global, Nature and Landscape Conservation, Nutrientes, forests, Ecologie, Environnement, Science & Technology, 15. Life on land, worldwide experiment, [SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, Carbon, Biology and Microbiology, Agriculture and Soil Science, Precipitación Atmosférica, Cambio Climático, Litter, 0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries, Tea Composition initiative, N-deposition, Deposition (chemistry), Global Scale, RESPONSES, Terrestrial Ecosystems, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Precipitation, Biomes, Degradation, Soil, Té Rooibos, FOLIAR LITTER, TEMPERATURE, [SDV.EE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment, Ecology, Nitrógeno, Temperature, Litter decomposition, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, Temperatura, Ciclo de Nutrientes, 1181 Ecology, evolutionary biology, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, Nutrient cycle, Climate Change, Environmental Sciences & Ecology, Environmental Science (miscellaneous), Degradación, Liter Descomposition, [SDV.EE.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Ecosystems, Temperate climate, [SDV.BBM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Microbial Flora, AVAILABILITY, Chemical process of decomposition, Bolsa de Té, Nutrients, Descomposición de Hojas, SD1-669.5, Decomposition, N DEPOSITION, Environmental sciences, Tea bag, 13. Climate action, Earth and Environmental Sciences, 040103 agronomy & agriculture, PATTERNS, Environmental science, cavelab, Nitrogen deposition, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology
Abstract: Este artículo contiene 18 páginas, 5 tablas, 4 figuras., Litter decomposition is a key process for carbon and nutrient cycling in terrestrial ecosystems and is mainly controlled by environmental conditions, substrate quantity and quality as well as microbial community abundance and composition. In particular, the effects of climate and atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition on litter decomposition and its temporal dynamics are of significant importance, since their effects might change over the course of the decomposition process. Within the TeaComposition initiative, we incubated Green and Rooibos teas at 524 sites across nine biomes. We assessed how macroclimate and atmospheric inorganic N deposition under current and predicted scenarios (RCP 2.6, RCP 8.5) might affect litter mass loss measured after 3 and 12 months. Our study shows that the early to mid-term mass loss at the global scale was affected predominantly by litter quality (explaining 73% and 62% of the total variance after 3 and 12 months, respectively) followed by climate and N deposition. The effects of climate were not litter-specific and became increasingly significant as decomposition progressed, with MAP explaining 2% and MAT 4% of the variation after 12 months of incubation. The effect of N deposition was litter-specific, and significant only for 12-month decomposition of Rooibos tea at the global scale. However, in the temperate biome where atmospheric N deposition rates are relatively high, the 12- month mass loss of Green and Rooibos teas decreased significantly with increasing N deposition, explaining 9.5% and 1.1% of the variance, respectively. The expected changes in macroclimate and N deposition at the global scale by the end of this century are estimated to increase the 12-month mass loss of easily decomposable litter by 1.1– 3.5% and of the more stable substrates by 3.8–10.6%, relative to current mass loss.In contrast, expected changes in atmospheric N deposition will decrease the mid-term mass loss of high-quality litter by 1.4–2.2% and that of low-quality litter by 0.9–1.5% in the temperate biome. Our results suggest that projected increases in N deposition may have the capacity to dampen the climate-driven increases in litter decomposition depending on the biome and decomposition stage of substrate., This work was performed within the TeaComposition initiative, carried out by 190 institutions worldwide. We thank for funding support for the workshop and data analysis from the ILTER. We acknowledge support by the German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, funded by the German Research Foundation (FZT 118), Scientific Grant Agency VEGA (Grant No. 2/0101/18), as well as by the European Research Council under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Program (Grant Agreement No. 677232). Thanks are due to FCT/MCTES for the financial support to CESAM (UIDB/50017/2020 + UIDP/50017/2020) and to the project PORBIOTA (POCI-01-0145-FEDER-022127). AI Sousa was funded by national funds through the FCTFoundation for Science and Technology, I.P., under the project CEECIND/00962/2017. HS and CB acknowledge FCT support to cE3c through UID/BIA/00329/2013, UID/BIA/00329/2019, and UIDB/00329/2020, and the project PORBIOTA - POCI-01- 0145-FEDER-022127. We are also thankful to UNILEVER for sponsoring the Lipton tea.
Published: 2021

33. Once upon a time in the far south: Influence of local drivers and functional traits on plant invasion in the harsh sub‐Antarctic islands

Author: Jonathan Lenoir, Jonas J. Lembrechts, David Renault, Remi Joly, Manuele Bazzichetto, Marta Carboni, François Massol, Ecosystèmes, biodiversité, évolution [Rennes] (ECOBIO), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d’Infection et d’Immunité de Lille - INSERM U 1019 - UMR 9017 - UMR 8204 (CIIL), Institut Pasteur de Lille, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lille-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Università degli Studi Roma Tre = Roma Tre University (ROMA TRE), Ecologie et Dynamique des Systèmes Anthropisés - UMR CNRS 7058 (EDYSAN), Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Antwerp (UA), Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), Ministère de l'Education nationale, de l’Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche (M.E.N.E.S.R.), French Polar Institute Paul-Emile Victor 'IPEV 136 Subanteco', Institut Universitaire de France (IUF) ' ENVIE', Strategie d'attractivite durable (SAD) Region Bretagne 'INFLICT' [17050], ASICS project [ANR-20-EBI5-0004], Research Foundation Flanders (FWO) FWO [OZ7828], Rita Levi-Montalcini grant, ANR-20-EBI5-0004,ASICS,ASsessing and mitigating the effects of climate change and biological Invasions on the spatial redistribution of biodiversity in Cold environmentS(2020), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille)-Université de Lille-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut Pasteur de Lille, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Università degli Studi Roma Tre, Bazzichetto, Manuele, Massol, Françoi, Carboni, Marta, Lenoir, Jonathan, Lembrechts, Jonas J., Joly, Rémi, and Renault, David
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Perennial plant, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, Juncaceae, Plant Science, Alien, [SDV.BID]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, alien plants, anthropogenic propagule pressure, invasiveness, plant invasion, species distribution models, sub-Antarctic islands, topoclimate, Poaceae, Biology, [SDV.EE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, Ecology, biology, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Propagule pressure, 15. Life on land, biology.organism_classification, Chemistry, Taxon, Archipelago, Identification (biology), [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology
Abstract: AimHere, we aim to: (i) investigate the local effect of environmental and human-related factors on alien plant invasion in sub-Antarctic islands; (ii) explore the relationship between alien species features and their dependence on anthropogenic propagule pressure; and (iii) unravel key traits conferring invasiveness in the sub-Antarctic.LocationPossession Island, Crozet archipelago (French sub-Antarctic islands).TaxonNon-native vascular plants (Poaceae, Caryophyllaceae, Juncaceae).MethodsSingle-species distribution models were used to explore the effect of high-resolution topoclimatic and human-related variables on the occurrence of six of the most aggressive alien plants colonizing French sub-Antarctic islands. Furthermore, the interaction between alien species traits and their response to anthropogenic propagule pressure was analysed by means of a multi-species distribution model. This allowed identifying the features of species that were associated to low dependence on human-assisted introductions, and were thus potentially more invasive.ResultsWe observed two main invasion patterns: low-spread species strongly dependent on anthropogenic propagule pressure and high-spread species limited mainly by harsh climatic conditions. Differences in invasiveness across species mostly related to their residence time, life history and plant height, with older introductions, perennial and low-stature species being more invasive.Main conclusionsThe availability of high-resolution data improved our understanding of the role of environmental and human-related factors in driving alien species distribution on sub-Antarctic islands. At the same time, the identification of alien species features conferring invasiveness may help anticipating future problematic invasions.
Published: 2021

34. Heterogenous Impact of Water Warming on Exotic and Native Submerged and Emergent Plants in Outdoor Mesocosms

Author: Morgane Gillard, Gabrielle Thiébaut, Jean-Pierre Caudal, Carole Deleu, Ecosystèmes, biodiversité, évolution [Rennes] (ECOBIO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), Institut de Génétique, Environnement et Protection des Plantes (IGEPP), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Bourse MENRT, Ministère de l'Enseignement Supérieur et de la Recherche, Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-INSTITUT AGRO Agrocampus Ouest, and Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, species biogeographic origin, Plant Science, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, phenology, Article, Mesocosm, Aquatic plant, Ecosystem, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Biomass (ecology), macrophyte growth form, Ecology, biology, Phenology, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Ludwigia hexapetala, Global warming, Botany, 15. Life on land, biology.organism_classification, biological traits, Macrophyte, climate change, 13. Climate action, QK1-989, Environmental science, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology
Abstract: Some aquatic plants present high biomass production with serious consequences on ecosystem functioning. Such mass development can be favored by environmental factors. Temperature increases are expected to modify individual species responses that could shape future communities. We explored the impact of rising water temperature on the growth, phenology, and metabolism of six macrophytes belonging to two biogeographic origins (exotic, native) and two growth forms (submerged, emergent). From June to October, they were exposed to ambient temperatures and a 3 °C warming in outdoor mesocosms. Percent cover and canopy height were favored by warmer water for the exotic emergent Ludwigia hexapetala. Warming did not modify total final biomass for any of the species but led to a decrease in total soluble sugars for all, possibly indicating changes in carbon allocation. Three emergent species presented lower flavonol and anthocyanin contents under increased temperatures, suggesting lower investment in defense mechanisms and mitigation of the stress generated by autumn temperatures. Finally, the 3 °C warming extended and shortened flowering period for L. hexapetala and Myosotis scorpioides, respectively. The changes generated by increased temperature in outdoor conditions were heterogeneous and varied depending on species but not on species biogeographic origin or growth form. Results suggest that climate warming could favor the invasiveness of L. hexapetala and impact the structure and composition of aquatic plants communities.
Published: 2021

35. Deer exclusion unveils abiotic filtering in forest understory plant assemblages

Author: Christophe Baltzinger, Jean-Louis Martin, Simon Chollet, Morgane Maillard, Ecosystèmes, biodiversité, évolution [Rennes] (ECOBIO), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Ecosystèmes forestiers (UR EFNO), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Centre d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive (CEFE), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro - Montpellier SupAgro, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), This work was supported by the British Columbia South Moresby Forest Replacement Account [contract # SMFRA99DQC-002, SMFRA Project 24.2], the Forest Renewal British Columbia [PA97335-BRE] and by the Agence Nationale de la Recherche [ANR BLAN 171801 Bambi], the French Ministry of Foreign affairs and the France Canada Research Fund (Grant to Morgane Maillard). Cemagref funded CB field missions in 2005 and 2009. The Research Group on Introduced Species (RGIS), The Canadian Wildlife Service (CWS), the Laskeek Bay Conservation Society (LBCS), Gwaii Haanas National Park Reserve, National Marine Conservation Area Reserve, and Haida Heritage Site, and the BC Ministry of Forests, Lands and Natural Resource Operation (Haida Gwaii Natural Resource District) provided logistical support., ANR-10-BLAN-1718,BAMBI,Bases comportementales de l'Ajustement à Moins de BIodiversité : oublier la peur, un mécanisme pour s'adapter à la surexploitation de son milieu?(2010), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), and Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Sitka black-tailed deer, Beta diversity, Plant Science, Forests, Odocoileus, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Trees, biotic interactions, Forest ecology, Animals, Ecosystem, Abiotic component, bryophyte, Herbivore, biology, Ecology, Deer, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, abiotic factors, assembly rules, vascular plant, Plant community, Original Articles, Understory, Plants, 15. Life on land, biology.organism_classification, 13. Climate action, Exclosure, overbrowsing, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, legacy effects
Abstract: Background and Aims The role of deer (family Cervidae) in ecosystem functioning has traditionally been neglected by forest ecologists due to the animal’s scarcity in most parts of the northern hemisphere. However, the dramatic rebound in deer populations throughout the 20th century has brought deer browsing to the forefront of forest ecological questioning. Today there is ample evidence that deer affect tree regeneration, understorey plant and animal diversity, and even litter decomposition. However, the mechanisms underlying the effects of deer on forest ecosystems remain unclear. Among others, the relative role of abiotic factors versus biotic interactions (e.g. herbivory) in shaping plant assemblages remains largely unknown. Methods We used a large-scale experiment with exclosures distributed along abiotic gradients to understand the role of black-tailed deer (Odocoileus hemionus sitchensis) on the forest understorey on the Haida Gwaii archipelago (western Canada), a unique context where most of the key ecological effects of deer presence have already been intensively studied. Key Results Our results demonstrate that 20 years of deer exclusion resulted in a clear increase in vascular plant richness, diversity and cover, and caused a decline in bryophyte cover. Exclusion also unveiled abiotic (i.e. soil water availability and fertility) filtering of plant assemblages that would otherwise have been masked by the impact of abundant deer populations. However, deer exclusion did not lead to an increase in beta diversity, probably because some remnant species had a competitive advantage to regrow after decades of over browsing. Conclusions We demonstrated that long-term herbivory by deer can be a dominant factor structuring understorey plant communities that overwhelms abiotic factors. However, while exclosures prove useful to assess the overall effects of large herbivores, the results from our studies at broader scales on the Haida Gwaii archipelago suggest that exclosure experiments should be used cautiously when inferring the mechanisms at work.
Published: 2021

36. Fifty million years of beetle evolution along the Antarctic Polar Front

Author: Helena P. Baird, Steven L. Chown, Philippe Vernon, Katherine L. Moon, Duane D. McKenna, Richard Adams, Seunggwan Shin, Maurice Hullé, Rolf G. Oberprieler, Monash University [Clayton], School of Biological Sciences [Edinburgh], University of Edinburgh, University of Memphis (U of M), Seoul National University [Seoul] (SNU), Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation [Canberra] (CSIRO), Institut de Génétique, Environnement et Protection des Plantes (IGEPP), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-INSTITUT AGRO Agrocampus Ouest, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Ecosystèmes, biodiversité, évolution [Rennes] (ECOBIO), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), School of Biological Sciences [Clayton], Florida Atlantic University [Boca Raton], This work received support from École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Swiss Polar Institute, and Ferring Pharmaceuticals through the Antarctic Circumnavigation Expedition. D.D.M. received funding from the US NSF (DEB1355169)., Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), and Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Time Factors, Evolution, Insular biogeography, Fauna, Biodiversity, Antarctic Regions, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, 03 medical and health sciences, Paleoclimatology, paleoclimate, Animals, 14. Life underwater, Phylogeny, 030304 developmental biology, Cell Nucleus, Polar front, Principal Component Analysis, 0303 health sciences, Multidisciplinary, biology, island biogeography, Ecology, herbivory, Weevil, Biological Sciences, 15. Life on land, biology.organism_classification, species radiation, Biological Evolution, Coleoptera, Phylogeography, Genes, Mitochondrial, Antarctica, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Global cooling
Abstract: Significance The Antarctic environment is famously inhospitable to most terrestrial biodiversity, traditionally viewed as a driver of species extinction. Combining population- and species-level molecular data, we show that beetles on islands along the Antarctic Polar Front diversified in response to major climatic events over the last 50 Ma in surprising synchrony with the region’s marine organisms. Unique algae- and moss-feeding habits enabled beetles to capitalize on cooling conditions, which resulted in a decline in flowering plants—the typical hosts for beetles elsewhere. Antarctica’s cooling paleoclimate thus fostered the diversification of both terrestrial and marine life. Climatically driven evolutionary processes since the Miocene may underpin much of the region’s diversity, are still ongoing, and should be further investigated among Antarctic biota., Global cooling and glacial–interglacial cycles since Antarctica’s isolation have been responsible for the diversification of the region’s marine fauna. By contrast, these same Earth system processes are thought to have played little role terrestrially, other than driving widespread extinctions. Here, we show that on islands along the Antarctic Polar Front, paleoclimatic processes have been key to diversification of one of the world’s most geographically isolated and unique groups of herbivorous beetles—Ectemnorhinini weevils. Combining phylogenomic, phylogenetic, and phylogeographic approaches, we demonstrate that these weevils colonized the sub-Antarctic islands from Africa at least 50 Ma ago and repeatedly dispersed among them. As the climate cooled from the mid-Miocene, diversification of the beetles accelerated, resulting in two species-rich clades. One of these clades specialized to feed on cryptogams, typical of the polar habitats that came to prevail under Miocene conditions yet remarkable as a food source for any beetle. This clade’s most unusual representative is a marine weevil currently undergoing further speciation. The other clade retained the more common weevil habit of feeding on angiosperms, which likely survived glaciation in isolated refugia. Diversification of Ectemnorhinini weevils occurred in synchrony with many other Antarctic radiations, including penguins and notothenioid fishes, and coincided with major environmental changes. Our results thus indicate that geo-climatically driven diversification has progressed similarly for Antarctic marine and terrestrial organisms since the Miocene, potentially constituting a general biodiversity paradigm that should be sought broadly for the region’s taxa.
Published: 2021

37. Habitat filtering differentially modulates phylogenetic and functional diversity relationships between predatory arthropods

Author: Aurélien Ridel, Pierre Devogel, Denis Lafage, Thomas Lacoue-Labarthe, Julien Pétillon, Ecosystèmes, biodiversité, évolution [Rennes] (ECOBIO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), LIttoral ENvironnement et Sociétés - UMRi 7266 (LIENSs), Université de La Rochelle (ULR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), project PAMPAS by the French National Research Agency French National Research Agency (ANR) [ANR-18-CE32-0006], Agence de l'Eau Loire-Bretagne, Region Bretagne (PEPPS project), ANR-18-CE32-0006,PAMPAS,Evolution de l'identité patrimoniale des marais des Pertuis Charentais en réponse à l'aléa de submersion marine(2018), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), LIttoral ENvironnement et Sociétés (LIENSs), and La Rochelle Université (ULR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, northwest France, Science, Niche, Biology, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, salinity, 03 medical and health sciences, spiders, traits, species richness, Research Articles, 030304 developmental biology, Abiotic component, 0303 health sciences, geography, Ecology, Conservation, and Global Change Biology, Multidisciplinary, geography.geographical_feature_category, Phylogenetic tree, carabids, Ecology, 15. Life on land, Phylogenetic diversity, Taxon, Habitat, Salt marsh, Species richness, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology
Abstract: International audience; Mechanisms underlying biological diversities at different scales have received significant attention over the last decades. The hypothesis of whether local abiotic factors, driving functional and phylogenetic diversities, can differ among taxa of arthropods remains under-investigated. In this study, we compared correlations and drivers of functional diversity (FD) and phylogenetic diversity (PD) between spiders and carabids, two dominant taxa of ground-dwelling arthropods in salt marshes. Both taxa exhibited high correlation between FD and PD; the correlation was even higher in carabids, probably owing to their lower species richness. Analyses using structural equation modelling highlighted that FD and PD were positively linked to taxonomic diversity (TD) in both taxa; however, abiotic factors driving the FD and PD differed between spiders and carabids. Salinity particularly drove the TD of carabids, but not that of spiders, suggesting that spiders are phenotypically more plastic and less selected by this factor. Conversely, PD was influenced by salinity in spiders, but not in carabids. This result can be attributed to the different evolutionary history and colonization process of salt marshes between the two model taxa. Finally, our study highlights that, in taxa occupying the same niche in a constrained habitat, FD and PD can have different drivers, and thereby different filtering mechanisms.
Published: 2021

38. Contribution of single-cell omics to microbial ecology

Author: C. Thion, C. Monard, Philippe Vandenkoornhuyse, S. Mauger, Ecosystèmes, biodiversité, évolution [Rennes] (ECOBIO), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Cellenion [Villejuif], Hôpital Paul Brousse, We thank ANR LABCOM ‘Microscale-Lab’ for funding., Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), and Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)
Subjects: 0303 health sciences, education.field_of_study, Genome, Ecology, 030306 microbiology, Ecology (disciplines), Functional identification, Microbiota, Population, scales, population, Computational biology, Genomics, Biology, Omics, omics, single cell, 03 medical and health sciences, Microbial ecology, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, education, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, 030304 developmental biology
Abstract: International audience; Micro-organisms play key roles in various ecosystems, but many of their functions and interactions remain undefined. To investigate the ecological relevance of microbial communities, new molecular tools are being developed. Among them, single-cell omics assessing genetic diversity at the population and community levels and linking each individual cell to its functions is gaining interest in microbial ecology. By giving access to a wider range of ecological scales (from individual to community) than culture-based approaches and meta-omics, single-cell omics can contribute not only to micro-organisms’ genomic and functional identification but also to the testing of concepts in ecology. Here, we discuss the contribution of single-cell omics to possible breakthroughs in concepts and knowledge on microbial ecosystems and ecoevolutionary processes.
Published: 2021

39. An assessment of the endemic spermatophytes, pteridophytes and bryophytes of the French Overseas Territories: towards a better conservation outlook

Author: Claudine Ah-Peng, Guillaume Léotard, Joël Jérémie, Vincent Boullet, Vanessa Invernon, Marc Lebouvier, Sandrine Tercerie, Guillaume Viscardi, Louis Thouvenot, Odile Poncy, Germinal Rouhan, Serge Muller, Carlos Rodrigues-Vaz, Olivier Gargominy, Jean-Yves Meyer, Marc Pignal, Elisabeth Lavocat Bernard, Hervé Chevillotte, Simon Veron, Jérôme Munzinger, Elise Lebreton, Sébastien Leblond, Stephan Robbert Gradstein, Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB ), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA), Peuplements végétaux et bioagresseurs en milieu tropical (UMR PVBMT), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Conservatoire Botanique National de Mascarin, Université de Bretagne Occidentale - UFR Sciences et Techniques (UBO UFR ST), Université de Brest (UBO), Délégation Régionale à la Recherche et à la Technologie en Polynésie Française (DRRT PF), Délégation Régionale à la Recherche et à la Technologie (DRRT), Patrimoine naturel (PatriNat), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Office français de la biodiversité (OFB), Ecosystèmes, biodiversité, évolution [Rennes] (ECOBIO), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Botanique et Modélisation de l'Architecture des Plantes et des Végétations (UMR AMAP), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN), Conservatoire Botanique de Martinique (CBMq), We thank the Office Français de la Biodiversité (French Agency of Biodiversity) and the Ministère des Outre-mer (French Ministry of Overseas Territories) for funding and supporting this project. Claudine Ah-Peng is grateful for financial support from DEAL Réunion (agreement n°2020-264) to increase knowledge on the endemic bryophytes of Réunion. We are grateful to RECOLNAT national Research Infrastructure (ANR-11-INBS-0004) and especially all contributors to the 'Herbonautes' citizen science program for databasing more than 12,000 Paris herbarium specimens., ANR-11-INBS-0004,E-RECOLNAT,Valorisation de 350 ans de collections d'histoire naturelle : une plateforme numérique(2011), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), and Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Systematics, Flora, Range (biology), Biodiversity, Rubiaceae, [SDV.BID]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity, [SDV.BID.SPT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Systematics, Phylogenetics and taxonomy, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Pteridophytes, Endemism, Orchidaceae, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Nature and Landscape Conservation, Islands, Ecology, biology, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, [SDV.BID.EVO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Populations and Evolution [q-bio.PE], Bryophytes, 15. Life on land, biology.organism_classification, French Overseas Territories, Checklist, Herbarium, Geography, Threatened species, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology
Abstract: International audience; A broad range of climatic and biogeographical conditions are represented in the French Overseas Territories, from sub-polar to equatorial, resulting in a high diversity of endemic species. We mobilized data from herbaria, floras, checklists, literature, the expertise of botanists and plant ecologists to compile the most complete dataset on endemic vascular plants and bryophytes in the 15 French Overseas Territories. To date, 3748 spermatophytes (seed plants), 244 pteridophytes (ferns and lycophytes) and 448 bryophytes are strictly endemic to the overseas territories. New Caledonia, French Polynesia and Réunion harbour the highest numbers of strictly endemic species, yet French Guiana and the French Antilles harbour high numbers of regional endemic species due to their proximity with other territories. The endemic flora of these territories is highly threatened. In particular, 51% of strictly endemic spermatophytes are threatened and many species at risk belong to Rubiaceae and Orchidaceae families. Around 82% and 69% of strict and regional endemic spermatophytes and pteridophytes are found in the Paris herbaria. Only 34% of endemic bryophytes have their label information fully databased so that their total number in Paris herbaria is not known. Databasing the remaining specimens in the collection will greatly enhance future research and conservation projects. To facilitate the use of the information we compiled, we provide a publicly searchable dataset of the checklist. This study not only provides a picture of the flora of French overseas territories; it also identifies gaps in knowledge on which future research efforts in systematics, ecology and conservation could focus.
Published: 2021

40. Urbanisation and eutrophication as drivers of morphological and physiological divergence among riverine fish populations

Author: Séverine Jean, Céline Jézéquel, Camille Pilisi, Annie Perrault, Lisa Jacquin, Géraldine Loot, Charlotte Veyssière, Jessica Côte, Simon Blanchet, Océane Morisseau, Evolution et Diversité Biologique (EDB), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement (ECOLAB), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Station d'écologie théorique et expérimentale (SETE), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Agence de l'Eau Adour-Garonne (PHYPAT), CNRS EC2CO-ECODYN national program, Zone Atelier PYGAR (CNRS), ANR-10-LABX-0041,TULIP,Towards a Unified theory of biotic Interactions: the roLe of environmental(2010), Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), and Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, 0303 health sciences, Ecology, Global change, Land cover, adaptation, Aquatic Science, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, water quality, Divergence, 03 medical and health sciences, land cover, Urbanization, human disturbances, Environmental science, %22">Fish , 14. Life underwater, Water quality, Adaptation, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Eutrophication, global change, 030304 developmental biology
Abstract: International audience; Freshwater ecosystems are highly impacted by human activities, but the effects of human-induced perturbations on fish phenotypic divergence remain poorly understood, especially in riverine systems. In this study, we tested the effects of urbanisation and eutrophication on several morphological and physiological traits in 17 gudgeon populations of Gobio occitaniae from South of France. We first demonstrated that eutrophication gradient was associated with changes in morphology and energy reserves, while urbanisation was associated with changes in body condition. More specifically, fish from highly eutrophic sites had deeper bodies and larger jaws, and a higher lipid content in their muscles. Urban fish had a higher body condition compared to their rural counterparts. The phenotypic divergence (Pst) among sites was significantly higher than the neutral genetic differentiation (Fst), suggesting that these morphological and physiological differences cannot be explained by neutral genetic drift alone. This study thus suggests that eutrophication and urbanisation are major drivers of phenotypic divergence in riverine fish populations, and calls for further experimental studies investigating the ecological and evolutionary effects of human activities on riverine fish populations.
Published: 2021

41. Genetic drift during the spread phase of a biological invasion

Author: Adrien Oger, Jean-Marc Paillisson, Nadège Bélouard, Anne-Laure Besnard, Eric J. Petit, Ecosystèmes, biodiversité, évolution [Rennes] (ECOBIO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), Écologie et santé des écosystèmes (ESE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Ministère de l'Education Nationale, de l'Enseignement Supérieur et de la Recherche, Agence française pour la biodiversité, Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR), and Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Gene Flow, Male, 0106 biological sciences, 0301 basic medicine, Range (biology), range edge, Context (language use), Astacoidea, Biology, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Gene flow, 03 medical and health sciences, [SDV.EE.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Ecosystems, Gene Frequency, Genetic drift, Effective population size, Genetics, Animals, 14. Life underwater, range expansion, Ecosystem, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Genetic diversity, Ecology, [SDV.BID.EVO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Populations and Evolution [q-bio.PE], Genetic Drift, landscape genetics, 15. Life on land, colonization, Genetics, Population, 030104 developmental biology, Wetlands, red swamp crayfish, Spatial ecology, Biological dispersal, Female, France, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, effective population size
Abstract: International audience; Recent theoretical and experimental models have revealed the role played by evolution during species spread, and in particular have questioned the influence of genetic drift at range edges. By investigating the spread of an aquatic invader in patchy habitats, we quantified genetic drift and explored its consequences for genetic diversity and fitness. We examined the interplay of gene flow and genetic drift in 36 populations of the red swamp crayfish, Procambarus clarkii, in a relatively recently invaded wetland area (30 years, Brière, northwest France). Despite the small spatial scale of our study (15 km ), populations were highly structured according to the strong barrier of land surfaces and revealed a clear pattern of colonization through watercourses. Isolated populations exhibited small effective sizes and low dispersal rates that depended on water connectivity, suggesting that genetic drift dominated in the evolution of allele frequencies in these populations. We also observed a significant decrease in the genetic diversity of isolated populations over only a 2-year period, but failed to demonstrate an associated fitness cost using fluctuating asymmetry. This study documents the possible strong influence of genetic drift during the spread of a species, and such findings provide critical insights into the current context of profound rearrangements in species distributions due to global change.
Published: 2019

42. Climatic niche shift of an invasive shrub (Ulex europaeus): a global scale comparison in native and introduced regions

Author: Fawziah Limbada, Anne Atlan, Mathias Christina, Ecologie fonctionnelle et biogéochimie des sols et des agro-écosystèmes (UMR Eco&Sols), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Interactions Sol Plante Atmosphère (UMR ISPA), Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Agronomiques de Bordeaux-Aquitaine (Bordeaux Sciences Agro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Ecosystèmes, biodiversité, évolution [Rennes] (ECOBIO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), ANR-14-CE03-0007-01, Agence Nationale de la Recherche, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Centre Nationale de la Recherche Scientifique, ANR-14-CE03-0007,MARIS,Gestion et analyse de risque d'une plante invasive (Ulex europaeus (L.)): apports de la modélisation de la niche socio-écologique et de la dynamique de population de l'espèce le long d'un large gradient climatique.(2014), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ANR-14-CE03-0007-01,MARIS,MAnagement and RISk analysis of an Invading plant species (Ulex europaeus): how socio-ecological niche with population dynamics modelling under a wide range of climates can help, Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro - Montpellier SupAgro, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR), and Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Plant invasion, Écologie, Distribution géographique, Range (biology), ved/biology.organism_classification_rank.species, Niche, Species distribution, [SDV.BID]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity, Plant Science, H60 - Mauvaises herbes et désherbage, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Shrub, Invasive species, Établissement de la plante, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, F70 - Taxonomie végétale et phyto-géographie, ecological niche, species distribution models, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Ecology, biology, ved/biology, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Global change, [SDV.BV.BOT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology/Botanics, 15. Life on land, F40 - Ecologie végétale, biology.organism_classification, Ulex europaeus, Geography, 13. Climate action, Aptitude à coloniser, [SDV.EE.BIO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Bioclimatology, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Scale (map), Espèce envahissante, niche shift, invasibility
Abstract: International audience; Aims. Invasive species, which recently expanded, may help understand how climatic niche can shift at the time scale of the current global change. Here, we address the climatic niche shift of an invasive shrub (common gorse, Ulex europaeus) at the world and regional scales to assess how it could contribute to increasing invasibility. Methods. Based on a 28,187 occurrences database, we used a combination of 9 species distribution models (SDM) to assess regional climatic niche from both the native range (Western Europe) and the introduced range in different parts of the world (North-West America, South America, North Europe, Australia and New Zealand). Important Findings. Despite being restricted to annual mean temperature between 4 and 22 °C, as well as annual precipitation higher than 300 mm / yr, the range of bioclimatic conditions suitable for gorse was very large. Based on a native vs introduced SDM comparison, we highlighted a niche expansion in North-West America, South America and to a lesser degree in Australia, while a niche displacement was assessed in North Europe. These niche changes induced an increase in potential occupied areas by gorse by 49, 111, 202 and 283% in Australia, North Europe, North-West America and South America, respectively. On the contrary, we found no evidence of niche change in New Zealand, which presents similar climatic condition to the native environment (Western Europe). This study highlights how niche expansion and displacement of gorse might increase invasibility at regional scale. The change in gorse niche toward new climatic conditions may result from adaptive plasticity or genetic evolution and may explain why it has such a high level of invasibility. Taking into account the possibility of a niche shift is crucial to improve invasive plants management and control.; Objectifs : Les espèces envahissantes peuvent aider à comprendre comment la niche climatique peut évoluer à une échelle temporelle de l'ordre de celle du changement global en cours. La prise en compte de cette possibilité d'un changement de niche est cruciale pour améliorer la gestion et le contrôle des plantes envahissantes. Ici, nous abordons le changement de niche climatique d'un arbuste envahissant (l'ajonc Ulex europaeus) à l'échelle mondiale et régionale.Méthodes : Sur la base d'une base de données de 28 187 occurrences, nous avons utilisé une combinaison de 9 modèles de distribution d'espèces (SDM) pour évaluer la niche climatique régionale de la zone native native (Europe occidentale) et des zones introduites (Amérique du Nord-Ouest, Amérique du Sud, Europe du Nord, Australie et Nouvelle-Zélande).Principaux résultats : La gamme des conditions bioclimatiques adaptées aux ajoncs est très large, bien qu'elle soit limitée par une température annuelle moyenne comprise entre 4 et 22 °C, et des précipitations annuelles supérieures à 300 mm an. Nous avons mis en évidence plusieurs changemenbts de niche : une expansion de niche en Amérique du Nord-Ouest, en Amérique du Sud et dans une moindre mesure en Australie, un déplacement de niche en Europe du Nord. Ces changements de niche ont entraîné une augmentation de 49, 111, 202 et 283 % des zones potentiellement colonisables par l'ajonc en Australie, Europe du Nord, Amérique du Nord et Amérique du Sud, respectivement. Nous n'avons trouvé aucun indice de changement de niche en Nouvelle-Zélande, pays qui présente des conditions climatiques similaires à celles de la zone native. Le changement de niche des ajoncs vers de nouvelles conditions climatiques peut résulter de la plasticité adaptative ou de l'évolution génétique de l'espèce, et contribue à expliquer pourquoi elle est si invasive.
Published: 2019

43. Exploring the drivers of vascular plant richness at very fine spatial scale in sub-Mediterranean limestone grasslands (Central Apennines, Italy)

Author: Leone Davide Mancini, Manuele Bazzichetto, Goffredo Filibeck, Laura Cancellieri, Marta Gaia Sperandii, Francesco Rossini, Università degli studi della Tuscia [Viterbo], Università degli Studi Roma Tre = Roma Tre University (ROMA TRE), Ecosystèmes, biodiversité, évolution [Rennes] (ECOBIO), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Università degli Studi Roma Tre, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), Filibeck, G., Sperandii, M. G., Bazzichetto, M., Mancini, L. D., Rossini, F., and Cancellieri, L.
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Mediterranean climate, Vascular plant, Diversity metrics, Biodiversity, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Grassland, Dry grassland, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Nature and Landscape Conservation, Species–area relationship, geography.geographical_feature_category, Ecology, biology, Topographical gradients, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Edaphic, 15. Life on land, biology.organism_classification, Multi-scale approach, Geography, Dry grasslands, Habitat, Diversity metric, Soil propertie, Spatial ecology, Soil properties, Species richness, Physical geography, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology
Abstract: International audience; Secondary dry grasslands in Europe can host high levels of vascular plant richness at small spatial scales. However, in Southern Europe their biodiversity patterns are largely unexplored. In this work, we aim at: (i) estimating plant species richness patterns at very fine scales in montane dry grasslands, on limestone bedrock, in Abruzzo Lazio and Molise National Park (Central Apennines, Italy); (ii) assessing the most important physical and edaphic drivers of biodiversity patterns at multiple plot sizes. We used randomly placed nested-plot series where we measured alpha-diversity at three different plot sizes (1 m2, 0.1 m2 and 0.01 m2) and within-plot beta-diversity (as expressed by the slope of the species-area curve across plot sizes). Variable selection was performed by means of Random Forests. Relationships between selected variables and diversity measures were then assessed using Regression Trees, Linear and Generalized Linear Models. Overall, results pointed to topographically-controlled edaphic factors (soil pH and silt fraction) as the main drivers positively influencing alpha-diversity at all spatial scales, with a positive effect of rock cover and slope inclination at smaller spatial grains. Beta-diversity was positively influenced by rock cover. We suggest that high-pH, steep and/or rocky sites feature higher species richness because they lack competitive grass species. Our results are in agreement with previous works underlining the importance of less productive habitats for the conservation of secondary grassland biodiversity.
Published: 2019

44. More than weeds: Spontaneous vegetation in streets as a neglected element of urban biodiversity

Author: Sébastien Bonthoux, Sabine Bouché-Pillon, Simon Chollet, Lolita Voisin, Cités, Territoires, Environnement et Sociétés (CITERES), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Tours (UT), Ecosystèmes, biodiversité, évolution [Rennes] (ECOBIO), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Tours, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), Université de Tours (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR), and Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Urban plant assemblage, Ecology, 0211 other engineering and technologies, Biodiversity, 021107 urban & regional planning, Plant community, 02 engineering and technology, Land cover, 010501 environmental sciences, 15. Life on land, Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law, 01 natural sciences, Urban Studies, Geography, Environmental protection, 11. Sustainability, Pavement design, Pavement flora, Urban grey space, Plant cover, Manual weeding, Species richness, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Nature and Landscape Conservation
Abstract: International audience; Compared to green spaces, the ecological value of built elements has been largely ignored despite representing the main land cover in cities. In streets, pavements are linear built elements which are omnipresent in all neighborhood types and which extend over large cumulative areas in cities. We assessed the capacity of pavements to promote spontaneous flora and investigated the drivers of pavement plant assemblages. Based on a plant survey along 48 km of pavements in a French city which no longer uses pesticides, we examined the relative importance of multi-scale factors (i.e. landscape context, pavement characteristics and frequency of manual weeding) on different aspects of pavement plant communities including total plant cover, species richness and beta-diversity. More than 300 species were recorded. Plant assemblages were mainly determined by the pavement type, plant cover and species richness being much higher on sandy than on asphalt pavements. There were marked differences in species composition between pavement types with many more species associated with sandy than with asphalt pavements. We found a higher species richness and plant cover on pavements located in commercial and industrial areas than in residential neighborhoods. The effects of weeding frequency and the presence of green space around pavements were marginally important. We demonstrate that pavements with a high level of permeability play a major role in promoting urban biodiversity which should be taken into account by urban planners. We recommend that ecologists work with civil engineers and landscape architects to develop new urban ecological designs. © 2019 Elsevier B.V.
Published: 2019

45. Climate change going deep: The effects of global climatic alterations on cave ecosystems

Author: David C. Culver, Stefano Mammola, Elena Piano, Philippe Vernon, David Domínguez-Villar, Tanja Pipan, Pedro Cardoso, Marco Isaia, Università degli studi di Torino (UNITO), University of Helsinki, Ecosystèmes, biodiversité, évolution [Rennes] (ECOBIO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), Station Biologique de Paimpont CNRS UMR 6653 (OSUR), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), University of Birmingham [Birmingham], American University Washington D.C. (AU), National Cave and Karst Research Institute (NCKRI), This review was developed in the frame of the research project ‘The Dark Side of Climate Change’ funded by University of Turin and Compagnia di San Paolo (Grant Award: CSTO162355, Principal Investigator: Marco Isaia), Università degli studi di Torino = University of Turin (UNITO), Helsingin yliopisto = Helsingfors universitet = University of Helsinki, Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université de Rennes (UR)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, superficial subterranean habitats, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Cold tolerance, Climate change, relative humidity, global warming, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Natural (archaeology), cave meteorology, Cave, troglobionts, Ecosystem, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Global and Planetary Change, geography, Ideal (set theory), geography.geographical_feature_category, Ecology, Global warming, temperature, stygobionts, Geology, 15. Life on land, cave-dwelling species, cave meteorology, global warming, hypogean habitat, relative humidity, stygobionts, superficial subterranean habitats, temperature, troglobionts, hypogean habitat, cave-dwelling species, 13. Climate action, Biological dispersal, Environmental science, [SDV.EE.BIO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Bioclimatology, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology
Abstract: International audience; Scientists of different disciplines have recognized the valuable role of terrestrial caves as ideal natural laboratories in which to study multiple eco-evolutionary processes, from genes to ecosystems. Because caves and other subterranean habitats are semi-closed systems characterized by a remarkable thermal stability, they should also represent insightful systems for understanding the effects of climate change on biodiversity in situ. Whilst a number of recent advances have demonstrated how promising this fast-moving field of research could be, a lack of synthesis is possibly holding back the adoption of caves as standard models for the study of the recent climatic alteration. By linking literature focusing on physics, geology, biology and ecology, we illustrate the rationale supporting the use of subterranean habitats as laboratories for studies of global change biology. We initially discuss the direct relationship between external and internal temperature, the stability of the subterranean climate and the dynamics of its alteration in an anthropogenic climate change perspective. Owing to their evolution in a stable environment, subterranean species are expected to exhibit low tolerance to climatic perturbations and could theoretically cope with such changes only by shifting their distributional range or by adapting to the new environmental conditions. However, they should have more obstacles to overcome than surface species in such shifts, and therefore could be more prone to local extinction. In the face of rapid climate change, subterranean habitats can be seen as refugia for some surface species, but at the same time they may turn into dead-end traps for some of their current obligate inhabitants. Together with other species living in confined habitats, we argue that subterranean species are particularly sensitive to climate change, and we stress the urgent need for future research, monitoring programs and conservation measures.
Published: 2019

46. Nutritive value and physical and chemical deterrents of forage grass litter explain feeding performances of two soil macrodetritivores

Author: Cécile Trân, Antoine Lecerf, Eric Chauvet, Claire Jouany, Mickaël Hedde, Christophe Laplanche, Benjamin Pey, Johanne Nahmani, P. Cruz, Laboratoire Sols et Environnement (LSE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Lorraine (UL), AGroécologie, Innovations, teRritoires (AGIR), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, PESSAC, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement (ECOLAB), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Centre d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive (CEFE), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UM3), Laboratoire Dynamique de la Biodiversité (LADYBIO), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Ecologie fonctionnelle et biogéochimie des sols et des agro-écosystèmes (UMR Eco&Sols), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique - CIRAD (FRANCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique - INRA (FRANCE), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement - IRD (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT), Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement (LEFE), Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - INPT (FRANCE)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Litter (animal), Consumption, Perennial plant, forage grass litter, Biodiversité et Ecologie, Forage grass litte, Soil Science, 01 natural sciences, Glomeris marginata, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Holcus lanatus, Bromus erectus, 2. Zero hunger, Armadillidium vulgare, assimilation, Ecology, biology, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, 15. Life on land, biology.organism_classification, Agricultural and Biological Sciences (miscellaneous), Functional trait, Agronomy, Assimilation, Brachypodium pinnatum, 040103 agronomy & agriculture, 0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries, Soil macrodetritivore, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Festuca rubra, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract: International audience; Millipedes (Diplopoda) and terrestrial isopods (Isopoda) may play a significant role in soil decomposition. The present study aimed to contribute to the general understanding of feeding performances of macrodetritivores consuming grass litter by answering two questions. Q1: Are grass litter traits indicating nutritive value (i.e. chemical) and traits indicating feeding deterrents (i.e. mainly physical but not necessarily) both necessary to explain individual feeding performances of soil invertebrates consuming grass litter? Q2: Do grass physical traits indicating physical deterrents (e.g. WHC for mechanical aspects) provide more than, less than or the same amount of information about invertebrate individual performances as grass chemical traits indicating mainly chemical but also physical deterrents (e.g. lignin content directly for digestibility and indirectly for mechanical aspects)? We thus designed a laboratory experiment to assess individual feeding performances of two common macrodetritivores (Armadillidium vulgare (Latreille, 1804) and Glomeris marginata (Villiers, 1789)) in four monospecific treatments of litter from perennial forage grasses (Brachypodium pinnatum P. Beauv., Bromus erectus Huds., Festuca rubra L. and Holcus lanatus L.). A. vulgare feeding performances were correlated with nutritive values (litter N and P contents) and plant mechanical aspects (LDMC: leaf dry matter content). G. marginata performances were correlated with chemical deterrents (cellulose and lignin contents). Thus, (Q1) for grass litters, both traits indicating nutritive value (e.g. N, P) and feeding deterrents (e.g. LDMC, lignin content) are necessary to explain macroinvertebrates feeding performances. We also demonstrated the results depend on the invertebrate species considered. Also, (Q2) chemical deterrents may influence feeding performances of G. marginata the most, while physical deterrents related to mechanical aspects may influence those of A. vulgare the most. Our study indicates that using grass chemical and physical traits that indicate both nutritive value and feeding deterrents can help explain feeding performances of macrodetritivores consuming grass litter.
Published: 2019

47. Dynamics of the seagrass Zostera noltei in a shallow Mediterranean lagoon exposed to chemical contamination and other stressors

Author: Noël J. Diepens, Patrick Grillas, Yves Chérain, Anne Probst, Olivier Boutron, Jérôme Silvestre, Evelyne Buffan-Dubau, Diane Espel, Eric Coulet, Arnaud Elger, Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement (ECOLAB), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Environmental Sciences [Wageningen], Wageningen University and Research [Wageningen] (WUR), Institut de recherche de la Tour du Valat, National Nature Reserve of Camargue, National Society for Nature Protection (SNPN), Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement (LEFE), Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), and Université de Toulouse (UT)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Pollution, Aquatic Ecology and Water Quality Management, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, media_common.quotation_subject, Population, Aquatic Science, Oceanography, 01 natural sciences, [SDV.EE.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Ecosystems, [SDU.STU.GC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geochemistry, Aquatic plant, 14. Life underwater, [SDU.STU.HY]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Hydrology, [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment, education, Multiple stressors, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, media_common, education.field_of_study, Zostera noltei, Seagrass dynamics, biology, [SDE.IE]Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering, Ecology, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Chemical contaminants, Contamination, Aquatische Ecologie en Waterkwaliteitsbeheer, biology.organism_classification, Coastal lagoon, 6. Clean water, Macrophyte, Seagrass, 13. Climate action, Environmental science, [SDV.TOX.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Toxicology/Ecotoxicology, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Eutrophication
Abstract: International audience; Seagrass decline due to a variety of stressors has been observed worldwide. In the shallow Vaccarès lagoon, Camargue, France, the dominant macrophyte species, Zostera noltei, has suffered two major declines since 1996. The first decline was well explained by salinity and turbidity variations, while the second one could not be explained by these parameters. Other stressors such as chemical contamination, eutrophication or temperature increase could be explanatory variables for this most recent decline. The aim of our study was to understand, via scientific monitoring from 2011 to 2015, the influence of chemical contamination and its possible interactions with other biological and environmental pressures, on seagrass physiology and population dynamics in the Vaccarès lagoon. Multi-contamination by organic contaminants and trace metals was detected in the water and sediments, and their concentrations often exceeded environmental standards, particularly where seagrass regression was observed. Spatial variations in biological, environmental and chemical parameters in the lagoon were investigated by co-inertia analysis, which revealed significant relationships between environmental data, more particularly between contaminants, seagrass dynamics indices and biomarkers. Seagrass dynamics indices were negatively correlated with the concentrations of some herbicides in water (2,4-MCPA and bentazon) and with trace metals in sediments (arsenic). Rhizome starch contents in winter were negatively correlated with those herbicides and with several metals (arsenic, zinc, copper) in water and/or sediments. These results suggest that environmental contamination may play a role in seagrass decline. However, complementary investigations, such as monitoring over longer periods and additional toxicity tests, are required to address the causal link between contamination and seagrass decline.
Published: 2019

48. Bottom-up and top-down control of dispersal across major organismal groups

Author: Chelsea J. Little, Florian Altermatt, Simon Blanchet, Oliver Kaltz, Alexis S. Chaine, Frederik De Laender, Delphine Legrand, Laurane Winandy, Luc Madec, Lucie Di Gesu, Stefano Masier, Emanuel A. Fronhofer, Jonathan De Raedt, Alexandre Vong, A. Ansart, Staffan Jacob, Florent Manzi, Julien Cote, Dries Bonte, Frank Pennekamp, Félix Pellerin, Estelle Laurent, Nicolas Schtickzelle, Lieven Therry, Maxime Dahirel, University of Zurich, Fronhofer, Emanuel A, Swiss Federal Insitute of Aquatic Science and Technology [Dübendorf] (EAWAG), Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier (UMR ISEM), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universität Zürich [Zürich] = University of Zurich (UZH), Station d'écologie théorique et expérimentale (SETE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Ecosystèmes, biodiversité, évolution [Rennes] (ECOBIO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), Evolution et Diversité Biologique (EDB), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Universiteit Gent = Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT), Université Catholique de Louvain = Catholic University of Louvain (UCL), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universiteit Gent = Ghent University (UGENT), and UCL - SST/ELI/ELIB - Biodiversity
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Metacommunity, Ecology (disciplines), Population Dynamics, Models, Biological, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, 10127 Institute of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, Animals, Ecosystem, Control (linguistics), Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Hymenostomatida, Local adaptation, Ecology, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Top-down and bottom-up design, Invertebrates, 1105 Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Geography, Vertebrates, 570 Life sciences, biology, 590 Animals (Zoology), Biological dispersal, Animal Migration, Evolutionary ecology, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Cryptophyta, 2303 Ecology
Abstract: International audience; Ecology and evolution unfold in spatially structured communities, where dispersal links dynamics across scales. Because dispersal is multicausal, identifying general drivers remains challenging. In a coordinated distributed experiment spanning organisms from protozoa to vertebrates, we tested whether two fundamental determinants of local dynamics, top-down and bottom-up control, generally explain active dispersal. We show that both factors consistently increased emigration rates and use metacommunity modelling to highlight consequences on local and regional dynamics.
Published: 2018

49. New insights from multidimensional trait space responses to competition in two clonal plant species

Author: Anne-Kristel Bittebiere, Cendrine Mony, Hugo Saiz, Laboratoire d'Ecologie des Hydrosystèmes Naturels et Anthropisés (LEHNA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-École Nationale des Travaux Publics de l'État (ENTPE), Ecosystèmes, biodiversité, évolution [Rennes] (ECOBIO), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universidad Rey Juan Carlos [Madrid] (URJC), ANR‐08‐SYSC‐012, Agence Nationale de la Recherche, 647038, FP7 Ideas: European Research Council, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-École Nationale des Travaux Publics de l'État (ENTPE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and ANR-08-SYSC-0012,MODECOL,Utilisation de la modélisation pour améliorer les services écologiques associés aux systèmes prairiaux(2008)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, 2. Zero hunger, Ecology, Niche, Niche differentiation, plant–plant interactions, Interspecific competition, 15. Life on land, Biology, biology.organism_classification, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, clonal growth strategy, Intraspecific competition, hypervolume, Colonisation, intra‐ and interspecific competition, Trait, Elytrigia, functional traits, Species richness, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, intraspecific variability, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract: Trait intraspecific variability determines community dynamics and species coexistence. In response to competition, plants can display intraspecific variability to enhance their competitive ability or stabilise their niche differences with competitors. This response is multidimensional because it involves changes along different functional axes and inevitable trade‐offs between traits. Here, we transposed the recent concept of the multidimensional trait space to the analysis of intraspecific plant response to competition. We specifically tested the following: (a) in the absence of competitors, the plant multidimensional trait space will be packed towards strategies promoting plant colonisation; and (b) with competitors, the plant multidimensional trait space will be directed towards competition with its size and shaping characteristics dependent on competitor species richness. We studied trait intraspecific variability of two clonal species, Brachypodium pinnatum (L.) P. Beauv. and Elytrigia repens (L.) Gould, in response to competition. We analysed plant response in the absence of competitors and in competition. Competition treatments included intraspecific and interspecific experimental mixtures with increasing species richness. For each target species and each treatment, we built an hypervolume based on six traits involved in the three‐dimensional competition (i.e., ramet and connection traits). We measured these hypervolumes for their size, similarity and the contribution of traits in their shaping. In the absence of competitors and for both species, we demonstrated a multidimensional trait space packing towards a colonisation strategy. Under competition, the multidimensional trait spaces of the two target species were the widest at the extremes of the richness gradient, that is, intraspecific and interspecific high richness competition treatments. High intraspecific variability either promoted niche differentiation from individuals of similar species or reflected the large range of competitive responses deployed when plants were faced with many different competitor identities. The multidimensional response process was based on fine adjustments of various traits depending on the surrounding neighbourhood composition and more specifically, on the competitor functional similarity with the target species. This study emphasises the multidimensionality of species competitive response, and also underlines the so far neglected importance of competitor species richness for trait intraspecific variability and subsequently community assembly. A plain language summary is available for this article.
Published: 2018

50. Pivotal roles of environmental sensing and signaling mechanisms in plant responses to climate change

Author: Servane Bigot, Astrid Koehl, Julie Buges, Lauriane Gilly, Béra Ley-Ngardigal, Cécile Jacques, Pauline Delcros, Ivan Couée, Pauline Le Boulch, Loup Tran Van Canh, Marie Berger, Jean-Baptiste Domergue, Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), Ecosystèmes, biodiversité, évolution [Rennes] (ECOBIO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), Université de Rennes (UR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR), and Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Acclimatization, Climate Change, media_common.quotation_subject, Climate change, Context (language use), Signal transduction, Biology, 03 medical and health sciences, Environmental Chemistry, skin and connective tissue diseases, Global change, Plant Physiological Phenomena, General Environmental Science, media_common, 2. Zero hunger, Global and Planetary Change, Phenotypic plasticity, Ecology, Abiotic stress, Stress resilience, Multiple stress, Robustness (evolution), Plants, 15. Life on land, Stress sensors, 030104 developmental biology, Oxidative stress, 13. Climate action, Environmental sensing, Plant acclimation, sense organs, Psychological resilience, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Neuroscience
Abstract: International audience; Climate change reshapes the physiology and development of organisms through phenotypic plasticity, epigenetic modifications and genetic adaptation. Under evolutionary pressures of the sessile lifestyle, plants possess efficient systems of phenotypic plasticity and acclimation to environmental conditions. Molecular analysis, especially through omics approaches, of these primary lines of environmental adjustment in the context of climate change has revealed the underlying biochemical and physiological mechanisms, thus characterising the links between phenotypic plasticity and climate change responses. Efficiency of adaptive plasticity under climate change indeed depends on the realization of such biochemical and physiological mechanisms, but the importance of sensing and signaling mechanisms that can integrate perception of environmental cues and transduction into physiological responses are often overlooked. Recent progress opens the possibility of considering plant phenotypic plasticity and responses to climate change through the perspective of environmental sensing and signaling. This review aims to analyse present knowledge on plant sensing and signaling mechanisms and discuss how their structural and functional characteristics lead to resilience or hypersensitivity under conditions of climate change. Plant cells are endowed with arrays of environmental and stress sensors and with internal signals that act as molecular integrators of the multiple constraints of climate change, thus giving rise to potential mechanisms of climate change sensing. Moreover, mechanisms of stress-related information propagation lead to stress memory and acquired stress tolerance that could withstand different scenarios of modifications of stress frequency and intensity. However, optimal functioning of existing sensors, optimal integration of additive constraints and signals, or memory processes can be hampered by conflicting interferences between novel combinations and novel changes of intensity and duration of climate-change-related factors. Analysis of these contrasted situations emphasises the need for future research on the diversity and robustness of plant signaling mechanisms under climate change conditions. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Published: 2018

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